Class Definition for Class 74 - MACHINE ELEMENT OR MECHANISM

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CLASS 74,	MACHINE ELEMENT OR MECHANISM
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

Mechanical combinations, contrivances, or devices constituting portions of machines, instruments and apparatus and consisting of two or more fixed and movable parts so combined that the motion of one compels a completely controlled or constrained motion of the other according to a law of operation inherent in and depending on the nature of the combination, and also the elemental parts of such machines not provided for in other machine element classes.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

This class is intended as a generic class for mechanism and machine parts not otherwise classified. Other machine element classes subgeneric hereto are Class 384, Bearings; Class 464, Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible Couplings for Rotary Shafts.

This class does not include machines and instruments or apparatus claimed as such, for which see the appropriate art classes. It does not include the special tools, instruments, and subcombinations peculiar to the special arts and provided for in the classification of the art classes.

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

70,	Locks, appropriate subclasses and particularly subclasses 174+ , for machine elements combined with locks wherein the element or its associated structure is modified solely to accommodate the lock, or where the device is modified for the reception of a locking device, whether or not claimed.
73,	Measuring and Testing, subclasses 488+ for a speed responsive device, per se.
92,	Expansible Chamber Devices, for the line between Class 74 and Class 92, see References to Other Classes of the class definition of Class 92 under SEARCH CLASS 74.
123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclasses 90.1+ and 188.1+, for valve operating mechanism.
173,	Tool Driving or Impacting, appropriate subclass for subject matter directed to driving or impacting a tool, when such subject matter includes combined features peculiar to tool driving, but which does not include features limiting the subject matter to a specific tool art, such as specific shape of the work contacting portion of the tool, related tools, or an opposed work support. See References to Other Classes of the Class 173 class definition for a statement of the line with Class 74.
187,	Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for Vehicle, appropriate subclasses.
188,	Brakes, appropriate subclasses and especially subclasses 105 through 108for brake operators.
192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses and especially subclasses 82+ , for clutch operators.
193,	Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, appropriate subclasses.
198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses.
242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, appropriate subclasses.
251,	Valves and Valve Actuation, subclasses 213+ for mechanical movement valve actuators.
267,	Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses.
279,	Chucks or Sockets, appropriate subclasses.
296,	Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops, various subclasses for bodies and tops having movable components which may be actuated by mechanical means.
384,	Bearing, appropriate subclasses, and see (1) Note above.
464,	Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible Couplings for Rotary Shafts, see (1) Note supra.
474,	Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components, appropriate subclasses, and see particularly (5) Note under Lines With Other Classes in the class definition of Class 474.
475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for planetary gear transmissions.
476,	Friction Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for friction gear transmissions.
477,	Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine Control, for interrelated control between an engine and a transmission.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 1]

MISCELLANEOUS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous mechanisms and not provided for below.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

343,	Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclasses 754 and 757+ for directive antennas with scanning, sweeping or orienting of the beam, and including mechanisms for imparting spiral, rotary or rotary oscillatory motion to the antenna.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 1.5]

1.5

ESCAPEMENTS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Mechanisms comprising devices in which a unidirectionally biased power member, during at least a portion of its movement, imparts motion to an element which, as a result of such movement, alternately locks and releases the biased member for intermittent operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

526,	for lever stops.
565,	for controller checks.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

185,	Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, subclass 5 , for composite weight motors which are escapement controlled and see the search notes thereunder for related search fields.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 2]

AUTOMATIC OPERATION OR CONTROL (E.G., TRIPS):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Mechanisms for releasing or tripping portions of machines to cause other portions to automatically operate due to the expenditure of the potential energy possessed by such parts.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

584+,

for automatically released yieldable pitmans and connecting rods.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 521 , for obstacle trip actuated changeable exhibitors.
56,	Harvesters, subclasses 401+ , for delivery trip shockers, and 432+, for tripped compressors and binders.
76,	Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 15 for trip actuated file cutters, and subclasses 62 and 67 for trip actuated saw setters.
89,	Ordnance, subclasses 1.5+ , for trip devices associated with bomb, flare, and signal dropping devices.
111,	Planting, subclasses 14+ , for check wire tripped drillers.
114,	Ships, subclass 210 , for anchor trips.
124,	Mechanical Guns and Projectors, subclasses 31+ , for trigger mechanism.
166,	Wells, subclasses 237+ and the subclasses there noted for trip devices in wells.
169,	Fire Extinguishers, appropriate subclasses.
188,	Brakes, subclass 111 , for trip operated vehicle brakes.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate subclasses.
212,	Traversing Hoists, subclass 116 for cable load suspension trips.
246,	Railway Switches and Signals, subclasses 76 and 201+, for track trips, 171+, for derailment contact trips and 359+, for train energy actuated trips.
292,	Closure Fasteners, subclasses 332+ for trip actuated closure fasteners.
293,	Vehicle Fenders, subclasses 33 , 35 and 37, for trip actuated fenders.
399,	Electrophotography, subclasses 75+ for machine operations of an electrophotography device and subclasses 107+ for particular structure of the device, specifically subclasses 110+ for modular or displaceable components.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 3]

Speed controlled:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Mechanisms wherein the releasing or tripping is initiated by a speed responsive device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

73,	Measuring and Testing, subclasses 535+ for a speed sensor of the centrifugal weight type.
192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 140 for speed responsive limit stops and subclass 147 for speed response clutch releases combined with brakes.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 3.2]

3.2

Valve gear trips (e.g., steam engine "Corliss" type):

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Mechanisms wherein a flow controlling valve is the released or tripped device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

2,	for other automatically-operated valve gear trips not speed responsive nor otherwise classifiable in subclasses below.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 3.5]

3.5

Retarded:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Mechanisms preset to cause the releasing or tripping at a particular time of day or at the termination of a particular time interval following the setting.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

119,	Animal Husbandry, subclasses 51.14+ for feeding devices including timer controlled trips.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 624.19 and 624.22 for valves including timer controlled trips.
185,	Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, subclasses 27+ for a retarded trip releasing a weight motor and subclasses 37+ for a retarded trip releasing a spring motor.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 39+ for an electrical circuit switch controlled by a retarded latch trip.
368,	Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclasses 243+ for an horological device controlling the tripping of a sounding device, and in the definition of subclass 152 see the "Note".

3.52	Plural, sequential, trip actuations:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.5. Mechanism preset to cause sequential tripping of a single part or tripping of several parts in sequence.

3.54	Clock train:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.5. Mechanism including a clock, a clock train or similar gearing.

3.56	Winding knob trip (e.g., alarm mechanism):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.54. Mechanism wherein the trip includes the winding knob of a spring powered clock train or the winding knob of a spring powered operator (e.g., alarm mechanism) under the control of the clock train.

4	Hit and miss:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Mechanism wherein the releasing or tripping is intermittent and the mechanism is intended to insure a uniform speed output.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5]

GYROSCOPES:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices defined in (1) Note, below and known as gyroscopes.

(1) Note. A conventional gyroscope is a mechanism comprising a rotor journaled to spin about one axis, the journals of the rotor being mounted in an inner gimbal or ring, the inner gimbal being journaled for oscillation in an outer gimbal which in turn is journaled for oscillation relative to a support. The outer gimbal or ring is mounted so as to pivot about an axis in its own plane determined by the support. Hence the outer gimbal possesses one degree of rotational freedom and its axis possesses none. The inner gimbal is mounted in the outer gimbal so as to pivot about an axis in its own plane which axis is always normal to the pivotal axis of the outer gimbal. Hence the inner gimbal possesses two degrees of rotational freedom and its axis possesses one. The rotor is journaled to spin about an axis which is always normal to the axis of the inner gimbal. Hence the rotor possesses three degrees of rotational freedom and its axis possesses two. The center of gravity of the rotor is thus in a fixed position. The rotor simultaneously spins about one axis and is capable of oscillating about the two other axes, and thus except for its inherent resistance due to rotor spin, it is free to turn in any direction about the fixed point.

Some gyroscopes have mechanical equivalents substituted for one or more of the elements, e.g., the spinning rotor may be suspended in a fluid, instead of being pivotally mounted in gimbals. In some special cases, the outer gimbal (or its equivalent) may be omitted so that the rotor has only two degrees of freedom. In other cases, the center of gravity of the rotor may be offset from the axis of oscillation, and thus the center of gravity of the rotor and the center of suspension of the rotor may not coincide.

(2) Note. This is the generic locus for gyroscopes. Every rotating body has gyroscopic action, but such devices are not placed here unless at least one axis of oscillation is present.

(3) Note. For combinations of gyroscopes with other devices see indented subclass 5.22 and the notes thereto appended.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5.22,

and the notes thereto and see (2) Note supra.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclass 182.1 for gimbals, per se.
310,	Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 261.1 for rotors, per se.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, subclasses 233+ for gyroscopic toys, including gyroscopic tops.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.1]

5.1

With caging or parking means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes combined with mechanism to hold the rotor axis fixed, when the rotor is not spinning, or if spinning, when it is desired to take the gyroscope out of useful operation.

(1) Note. The rotor axis may be positively held with respect to the gyroscope support, or it may be heavily weighed to hold the rotor axis fixed with respect to the earth.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5.44,

where the force of gravitation, acting upon a weight, and reacting against the rotor axis erects an operative gyroscope.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.12]

5.12

Rotor spin and cage release type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5.1. Devices having a mechanism to impart spin to a rotor and a further means to release the holding means after the rotor is up to speed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5.7,	for rotor drives.

5.14	And resetting means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.1. Devices wherein further means is provided to adjust or vary the position held. This may be done by having the means which holds the rotor axis adjustable to vary the position held, or by having the first means restrain movement in one plane and a second means to position the rotor axis in that plane.

5.2	With gimbal lock preventing means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes wherein means is provided to prevent alignment of the rotor axis with a gimbal axis.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.22]

5.22

Combined:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes combined with structure other than the gyroscope, except means to control and/or drive the mechanism.

(1) Note. The large majority of patents found here are of the stabilizing type and recite the device stabilized by name only. Where structure of the device over and above that necessary to mount the device is claimed, or where a particular relationship to the device is claimed, the patents have been classified with the device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5.4+,	for gyroscope control.
5.37,	for drives for plural gyroscopes.
5.7,	for drives for single gyroscopes.
64,	for inertia or centrifugally controlled rotary transmitters.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

73,	Measuring and Testing, subclasses 504.2+ , for a gyroscope combined with a speed responsive device.
105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 141+ , for monorail type railway rolling stock combined with gyroscopes and subclasses 150+, for suspended monorail type rolling stock combined with gyroscopes.
114,	Ships, subclasses 21.1 and 24, for gyroscopically controlled torpedo steering mechanism; subclass 122, for gyroscopic anti-rolling stabilizers combined with ships; and subclass 144, for gyroscopic controlled steering.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, subclass 79 , for gyroscope actuated automatic aircraft control.
396,	Photography, subclass 13 for an aerial camera which is gyroscopically stabilized.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, subclasses 233+ for gyroscopic toys, and subclass 462 for wheeled toys having inertia-operated driving means.
475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for gyroscopically controlled planetary gearing.

5.34	Multiple gyroscopes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes comprising two or more gyroscopes.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.37]

5.37

With rotor drives:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5.34. Devices having means for driving the gyroscopes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5.7,	for drives for single gyroscopes.

5.4	Gyroscope control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes having means to apply one or more forces to the rotor axis to control the movement of the rotor axis about its center of suspension.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.41]

5.41

Erecting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5.4. Devices wherein one or more forces act to move the rotor axis to a given position, usually to a vertical position.

(1) Note. Where the force of the surrounding atmosphere against a plurality of vanes is used for erection, the patent will be found in this subclass.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.42]

5.42

By plural diverse forces:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5.41. Devices where at least two diverse forces are used for erection.

(1) Note. Pendulous gyroscopes having an additional means to erect them are here when both means are claimed, an cross-referenced to the subclasses indented hereunder for the separate means.

5.43	By jet:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.41. Devices wherein the force of a fluid jet is used for erection.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.44]

5.44

By weight:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5.41. Devices wherein the gravitational force upon a weight is utilized for erection.

(1) Note. Pendulous gyroscopes with no other erecting controls are here.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5.1,	for weight actuated parking or caging devices.
5.42,	for pendulous gyroscopes having an additional force utilized for erection.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.45]

5.45

By friction:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5.41. Devices wherein the application of a frictional force is utilized for erection.

(1) Note. Where the force of the surrounding atmosphere against a plurality of vanes is used for erection, the patents will be found in subclass 5.41.

5.46	By magnetic field:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.41. Devices wherein the force of a magnetic field is utilized for erection.

5.47	By motor torque:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.41. Devices where the torque of a prime mover constitutes the force used for erection.

5.5	Damping:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.4. Devices having means to dampen the oscillation of the gimbals, or of the rotor axis.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.6]

5.6

With pick off:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes having a means to sense the relative position or change of position of the rotor axis, and/or its gimbals.

(1) Note. The sensing means normally actuates or controls a signal, indicator or a control for another device.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.7]

5.7

With rotor drive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes having means to drive the rotor.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5.12,

for rotor spin mechanism combined with cage release mechanisms.

5.8	Vertical gyroscopes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes peculiarly constructed for operating with the spin axis in a vertical position only.

5.9	Horizontal gyroscopes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Gyroscopes peculiarly constructed for operating with the spin axis in a horizontal position only.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 5.95]

5.95

Flywheel structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter including a motion-smoothing component generally made up of a massive disk-like member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

572.2,

for motion smoothing flywheel.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 6]

ENGINE STARTERS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Mechanical movements and/or gearing, combined as a unit, for initiating the starting of a machine, in which operative engagement with the machine to be started is initiated and controlled and power is applied to the gearing by some conventional means.

(1) Note. See the Index, under "Starter" and "Starting".

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

139+,

for intermittent unidirectional motion type engine starters.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, sub- classes 179.1+ for other starting devices for internal combustion engines.
185,	Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, subclasses 6+ , 10+, 32, and 39, for structure for winding motors of the weight and spring types.
290,	Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, subclasses 10 , 22-38, 46-68, for dynamo-electric starter-generator structure.

7	Automatic:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Starters in which the operative engagement with the machine to be started is automatic.

8	Radial meshing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Starters in which meshing of the gears with the machine to be started takes place in a radial direction.

9	Cam operated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Starters in which meshing of the gearing with the machine to be started is accomplished by a cam device other than a screw.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 10]

SHAFT OPERATORS (RADIO TUNER TYPE):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Assemblies particularly adapted for mechanically rotating one or more shafts of electronic tuning devices into desired angular positions.

(1) Note. The art is directed to the positioning of radio tuning shafts having indicating means and/or variable condensers associated therewith for adjustment.

(2) Note. Electrically actuated dial operators are not here, even though claimed in combination with mechanical operators for these subclasses. They will be found in Class 192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 138+, and in Class 318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses (including particularly subclasses 560+, which has the follow-up type motor controls). The line between these two classes is stated in the class definition of Class 318, Lines With Other Classes, Load Device Driven by the Motor (Including Power, Motion, Force, or Torque Transmitting Devices, Motor Systems and Power, Motion, Force, or Torque Transmitting Devices, and under the reference to Class 192 under "SEARCH CLASSES" at the end of the class (318) definition.

(3) Note. These subclasses will take the recitation of a condenser, inductance, transformer or a radio tuner by name only when claimed in combination with shaft positioning means. Whenever significant structure of the condenser, inductance, transformer, or tuner are recited, the devices will be classified in Class 455, Telecommunications, particularly sub 150.1+ where radio tuner structure is recited. Class 334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for radio tuner structure, per se, or Class 336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses where variable transformer or inductance structure is recited. Where the operator is merely a screw gearing and the tuner is recited by name only, the search should be continued in this class (74), subclass 424.71-424.96.

(4) Note. These subclasses will take the shaft positioning means with respect to its support in combination with indicating means to indicate the position, adjustment or movement of the shaft. And see the Search Note to the Signals and Indicators class, below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

20,	through 110 inclusive, for nonintermittent type mechanical movements.
111+,	for intermittent grip type mechanical movements.
424.71	through 424.96, for screw gearing, and see (3) Note supra.
469+,	for control lever and linkage systems.
526,	for stops for levers.
553,	for knob or dial operators.
640,	for gearing.
813+,	for assemblies of general utility, including turret mechanisms for metal working machines having means to index rotary members, and see the Notes thereto.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

116,	Signals and Indicators, 200+, provides for indicators attached to, or associated with some movable device to indicate the movement, adjustment or position of such device. Indented subclasses 241+ , provides for radio tuner position indicators. Class 116 will take shaft positioning means with respect to its support (even though in the form of a mechanical movement) in combination with the indicating means when only the part of the shaft positioning means with respect to its support necessary to operate the indicator is claimed, i.e., where no structure for positioning the shaft is recited which does not operate the position indicator.
192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 138+ , for power-stop limit controls and see (2) Note, supra.
235,	Registers, appropriate subclasses for related operating devices for registers and particularly subclasses 12+ , for those which are key board operated.
318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses for controlled electric motor operators, particularly subclasses 560+ , for servo controlled operators and see (2) Note, supra.
336,	Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for variable transformer or inductance structure combined with shaft positioning means, and see (3) Note, above.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 271+ for specific variable condenser structure.
403,	Joints and Connections, subclasses 230+ for joints between the end of a shaft and a plate-like member.
455,	Telecommunications, subclasses 150.1+ for radio receivers with tuners, see (3) Note.

10.1	Preselected position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Devices having interengaging means by which the rotation of the shaft may be halted at a plurality of predetermined angular positions.

10.15

Step by step:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Devices having means interposed between a single initiator and the shaft for rotating the shaft through a series of successive predetermined positions, the rotation of the shaft being halted at each such successive position.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

126+,

for mechanical movements for changing reciprocating motion to intermittent unidirectional motion, and particularly subclass 142 for lever actuators.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 10.2]

10.2

Rotatable stop and projectable abutment:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Devices having a rotatable stop element for halting shaft movement and a movable abutment for the stop element, and means for moving the abutment into a position in which the stop element may contact the abutment.

(1) Note. Electric motor control of the rotatable stop elements and/or the movable abutments will be found in Class 192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 138+, and particularly subclass 142; and the appropriate subclass of Class 318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 560+, for position servo control systems particularly subclass 614, friction braking at balance; see (2) Note to this class (74), subclass 10.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 138+ , for power-stop limit controls and see (1) Note.
318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclasses for electric motor control, and particularly subclasses 560+ , for position servo control type particularly subclass 614, for friction braking at balance; and see (1) Note.

10.22

Digital dial type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Devices in which the shaft operator is a dial and is provided with a series of single finger-receiving openings.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 11 , for dial operated switches.
379,	Telephonic Communications, subclass 363 for a telephone dial mechanism.

10.27

Plural operator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Devices having more than one operator for controlling the shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10.54,	for separate operators for each of a plurality of speed drives of the nonselective type dial operators.
479,	for plural input single output lever and linkage systems.
625+,	for alternate manual and power operators.
665+,	for plural input single output gearing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

235,	Registers, appropriate subclasses for related operating devices for registers and particularly subclasses 12+ , for those which are keyboard operated.
475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, subclasses 1+ for plural power sources for driving planetary gearing.

10.29

Cam and follower:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.27. Devices wherein a cam and follower is interposed between the operator and the shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10.6,	for nonselective cam and follower type dial operators.
567+,	for cam and/or follower structure, per se.

10.31

Adjustable cam:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.29. Devices wherein the cam is adjustable.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

568,	for adjustable cams, per se.

10.33	Sliding operator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.31. Devices where the cam is carried by a sliding operator.

10.35

Adjustable follower:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.29. Devices wherein the follower is adjustable.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

569,	for followers, per se.

10.37	Sliding operator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.35. Devices where the cam is carried by a sliding operator.

10.39

Rack and pinion:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.27. Devices wherein a rack and pinion gearing is interposed between at least one of the operators and the shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

422,	for rack and pinion gearing, per se.

10.41

With detent or clicker:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Devices in which a detent or click device tends to hold the shaft in the predetermined positions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

527+,

for detents, per se.

10.45

Plural shafts:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Devices in which a plurality of shafts are rotated by a single operator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

471+,	for single input plural output lever and linkage systems.
665+,	for single input plural output gearing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for plural outputs from planetary gearing.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 10.5]

10.5

Plural speed:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Devices in which the shaft may be rotated at a plurality of speeds.

(1) Note. In most cases, a fast speed is used for coarse rotational adjustment and a slow speed for fine adjustment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

325+,

for interchangeably locked nonplanetary gearing.

10.52

Planetary:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.5. Devices wherein a planetary gearing is interposed between the operator and the shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for planetary gearing, per se.

10.54

Separate operators:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.5. Devices having separate operators for each speed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10.52,	for separate operators for planetary gearing.
665+,	for plural input single output nonplanetary type gearing.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 10.6]

10.6

Cam and follower:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Devices wherein a cam and follower is interposed between the operator and the shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10.29+,	for selective type cam and follower dial operators.
567+,	for cam and/or follower structure, per se.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 10.7]

10.7

Tensioned flexible operator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Devices wherein the operator includes a flexible strand operating in tension only, usually in the nature of a belt and pulley drive, although the strand may be anchored to one of the pulleys.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

474,	Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components, appropriate subclasses for a belt and pulley drive in a power transmission.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 10.8]

10.8

Gear drive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Devices wherein gearing is interposed between the operator and the shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

640+,

for gearing, per se.

10.85

Worm or screw:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10.8. Devices where the gearing is of the worm or screw type.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

424.71	through 424.96, for screw type gearing, per se.
425,	for worm type gearing, per se.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 10.9]

10.9

Lever and linkage drive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Devices wherein a lever and linkage system is interposed between the operator and the shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

469+,

for lever and linkage systems, per se.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 11]

POWER TAKE-OFF:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices comprising a subordinate power transmitting assembly, additional to and driven by one of the elements of a main power line, or by the prime mover therefor.

(1) Note. Power take offs from a prime mover for this class (74) are here unless they are made from a shaft extension of a prime mover, in which case, see this class, subclass 15.63. Take offs for engine accessory drives will be found in Class 123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 198; take offs involving vehicle structure are found in Class 180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 53.1+; and take offs for vehicle driven pumps are in Class 417, Pumps, subclasses 231+.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15.63,	and see (1) Note, supra.
16,	plural driven devices actuated from a power table or stand.
640+,	for gearing, per se.
665+,	for plural driven devices of general application.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 198 , for take offs for engine accessories (and see (1) Note, supra).
172,	Earth Working, subclasses 35+ for an earth working implement comprising an earth working tool driven by a power take-off, and subclasses 492+ and the subclasses there noted for an earth working implement adjusted by a power take-off.
180,	Motor Vehicles, subclasses 53.1+ , for power take offs involving vehicle structure (and see (1) Note, supra).
408,	Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclasses 124+ , for drilling machines in which the feeding movement between tool and work is effected by means actuated by the rotation of the tool spindle.
475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for gearing driving plural load devices.

12	Speedometer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Assemblies, in which the auxiliary driven element is a speedometer.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 13]

Wheel take-off:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Mechanisms, in which the power is taken directly from or transmitted directly to, the wheels of a vehicle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclasses 166.3+ and 388+, for portable power saws.
180,	Motor Vehicles, subclasses 53.1+ , for power take-offs combined with vehicle structure.
185,	Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, subclasses 15+ , for animal powered motors.

14	Wheel bed type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Mechanisms, in which the mechanisms are provided with power transmitting or receiving elements which contact with and support at least one wheel of the vehicle.

Supported pulley:

This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Mechanisms, in which power is delivered from or to a vehicle wheel through a device attached thereto, the wheel being out of peripheral contact with any other object.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

474,	Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components, appropriate subclasses for pulley structure and for pulleys used in endless belt power transmissions.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 15.2]

15.2

Plural take-off shafts:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Devices having a plurality of power take-off shafts.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

16,	for plural driven devices actuated from a power table or stand.
665+,	for plural driven devices of general application.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 48.1+ for plural clutch-assemblages, and especially subclasses 48.8+ for such assemblages associated with three or more shafts, one of which may be a power take-off shaft.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 15.4]

15.4

With independent change speed gearing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Devices in which independent gearing means are provided to effect a change in output speed of, and/or a forward or reverse drive for, the take-off.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

325+,

for nonplanetary change speed gearing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for planetary change speed gearing.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 15.6]

15.6

From shaft extension:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Devices in which either a prime mover shaft, a main power line shaft, or an auxiliary driven shaft is extended to constitute a power take-off.

(1) Note. The so-called "power take-off shaft" to be found on some type of tractors is considered to be an auxiliary driven shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

403,	Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for shaft couplings of a nonflexible type.
464,	Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible Couplings for Rotary Shafts, appropriate subclasses for a flexible coupling between a torque transmitting shaft and a driven member.

15.63

Prime mover shaft, e.g., crank shaft:

This subclass is indented under subclass 15.6. Devices in which a shaft in a prime mover for the power line (e.g., a crank shaft or a cam shaft) is extended to constitute a take-off.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

11,	for other take-offs from prime movers, and see (1) Note to that definition for the line between these two subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclasses 185.1+ , for engine crankshaft extensions employed for engine starting and subclass 198 for engine accessories driven by a shaft extension.
417,	Pumps, subclasses 231+ , for vehicle engine driven power take-offs for pumps.

15.66	Change speed transmission shaft:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 15.6. Devices in which a shaft in a change speed transmission is extended to constitute the take-off.

15.69

Vehicle propeller shaft:

This subclass is indented under subclass 15.6. Devices in which the propeller shaft of a vehicle is extended to constitute a take-off.

(1) Note. The power take-off is normally at the differential.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 15.8]

15.8

Intermediate ends of power transmitting line:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Devices which are driven by a connection in the main power transmitting line and intermediate its driving and driven ends.

(1) Note. A power transmitting line is a power path comprising, e.g., one or more clutches and/or gearing and/or brakes, having a prime mover at one end and a load at the other.

15.82	Vehicle propulsion transmitting line:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 15.8. Devices in which the power transmitting line is used for vehicle propulsion.

15.84	Between prime mover shaft and transmission:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 15.82. Devices in which the connection to the transmitting line is located between the prime mover output shaft and the transmission.

15.86	Drive from transmission gear:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 15.82. Devices in which the driving connection comprises a gear in mesh with a second gear, which second gear is part of the transmission gearing.

15.88

Between transmission and propeller shaft:

This subclass is indented under subclass 15.82. Devices in which the driving connection to the transmitting line is located between the driven shaft of the transmission and the propeller shaft.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 48.1+ for plural clutch-assemblages, and especially subclasses 48.8+ for such assemblages associated with three or more shafts, one of which may be a power take-off shaft.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 16]

POWER TABLES AND STANDS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Portable assemblies designed to drive one or more auxiliary attachments.

(2) Note. For stands, per se, see the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses 49.1+ for a machine having a brush as its sole type of cleaning instrument, and that is especially adapted for cleaning a floor, wall, or ceiling.
108,	Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces, subclasses 20+ for a power driven horizontally supported surface of general utility.
248,	Supports, subclasses 637+ for machinery supports.
310,	Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 47 and 50 for portable or hand held electric motors.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclasses 21+ , for stands per se.
366,	Agitating, appropriate subclasses, particularly subclasses 197+ and 208+.
433,	Dentistry, subclasses 103+ for dental engines.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 17]

WASHER AND WRINGER:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Assemblies particularly adapted for the operation of a washing and wringing machine.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

378+,	for interchangeably locked, single clutch shaft, single forward and reverse gearing.
385+,	for interchangeably locked, pivotally supported bevel gearing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

68,	Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, subclasses 21+ , for textile fluid treating apparatus combined with fluid extraction of the squeezing type.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 17.5]

17.5

FULL STROKE MECHANISM:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices for compelling a reciprocating part to be actuated to its full extent before it can be returned.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

81,	Tools, subclass 313 for pliers and plural-handle wrenches with jaw-movement completion means.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 17.8]

17.8

MOTION TRANSFER THROUGH IMPERFORATE FLEXIBLE SEAL:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices having an imperforate member functioning as a seal for an aperture in a partition or for a passageway, the member being flexible at least in part to permit movement with respect to the partition and being fixed to the partition or walls of the passageway, there being means contacting one side of the seal member to receive or transfer motion from or to the member, and there being relative motion between the seal member and the means at the point of contact.

(1) Note. The seal member may include bearing surfaces or the like to minimize the effect of the relative motion on the seal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

18+,	for flexible seals pierced by a rod, which seal is fixed to its support and to the rod.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclass 148 for electric lamp and discharge devices provided with means to transmit motion to an electrode through a movable envelope wall portion.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 18]

FLEXIBLE SEALING DIAPHRAGM ATTACHED TO MOVING ROD AND TO CASING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices in which motion is transmitted through a sealed casing by means of a flexible sealing material attached to the casing and to a moving rod which passes through the sealing material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

566,	for slot closers for levers.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

92,	Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 34+ for a bellows type expansible chamber device and subclasses 96+ for a diaphragm type expansible chamber device.
180,	Motor Vehicles, subclass 90.6 for guards for pedals and gear shift levers.
277,	Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing means or process, subclasses 634+ for a static contact seal for other than an internal combustion engine, or a pipe, conduit, or cable that is a flexible sleeve, boot, or diaphragm.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 146+ , for electronic tubes and electric lamps having a sealed envelope and provided with means for transmitting force from the outside of the envelope to the interior of the envelope for the purpose of moving an electrode within the envelope.
403,	Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for a mere connection comprising a flexible diaphragm or bellows joining a plate or wall and a rod passing through an aperture therein.
464,	Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible Couplings for Rotary Shafts, subclasses 52+ for a flexible shaft combined with a housing; and subclasses 170+ for a housing for a rotary shaft.

18.1	Pivoting or nutating rod:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Devices in which the rod pivots or nutates.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 18.2]

18.2

Longitudinally reciprocating rod:

This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Devices in which the rod reciprocates longitudinally. Mechanical Movements. Devices under the class definition other than gearing for imparting motion to one body from the motion of another body, wherein the two motions, or some intermediate motion, are of different form, type or degree.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

469+,	for control lever and linkage systems.
640+,	for gearing.
828+,	for mechanical movement having "on the fly" adjustment of the driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

226,	Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to effect movement of the material.

20	Oscillating to reciprocating and alternating rotary:
	Mechanical Movements for converting oscillating motion to the compound motion of reciprocation and alternating rotary motion.

21	Oscillating to reciprocating and intermittent rotary:
	Mechanical Movements for converting oscillating motion to the compound motion of reciprocation and intermittent rotary motion.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 22]

Rotary to reciprocating and rotary:

Mechanical Movements for converting rotary motion to the combined motion of reciprocation and rotary motion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

241,	Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass 205 , for apparatus using this mechanical movement.
242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 241 and 242 for drive mechanisms in fishing reels that convert rotary input into both reciprocation and rotation of an output.
414,	Material or Article Handling, subclasses 431+ for apparatus for advancing and rotating an elongated article not intended to remain associated with the apparatus (e.g., a tube to be worked on) by means adapted to engage the article between its ends.

23	Rotary to reciprocating and alternating rotary:
	Mechanical Movements for converting rotary motion to the compound motion of reciprocation and alternating rotary motion.

24	Rotary to reciprocating and intermittent rotary:
	Mechanical Movements for converting rotary motion to the compound motion of reciprocation and intermittent rotary motion.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 25]

Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating:

Mechanical Movements for converting rotary motion to or from reciprocating or oscillating motion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclasses 215+ , for rotary power driven multiple shearing position shears.
241,	Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses 262+ , for apparatus using this mechanical movement.
242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 241+ , 271+, 447.1+, and 476.7+ for drive mechanisms that convert a rotary input motion into reciprocation or oscillation of a line guide.
433,	Dentistry, subclasses 118+ for reciprocating or oscillating dental instruments receiving rotary power.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 26]

Head motions:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, especially adapted for shaking screens in which the screen is not claimed as a positive element and excepting those driven by unbalanced weights.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61,	for screens driven by unbalanced weights.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 750.1+ , for reciprocating conveyors using this mechanical movement.
209,	Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, for driving mechanisms in combination with the screen.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 27]

Reciprocating carriage motions:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms for converting rotary motion to or from reciprocating or oscillating motion of a carriage in which the driven member is driven by different types of mechanism during different parts of its stroke.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

101,	Printing, subclasses 292+ , for web type presses and subclasses 316+, for other type presses having reciprocating beds for bed and platen machines.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 28]

Phonograph type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Mechanisms, especially adapted for moving the tone arm of a phonograph across the record.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

369,	Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, subclasses 215.1 through 230for such subject matter combined with tone arm structure.
720,	Dynamic Optical Information Storage or Retrieval, subclasses 659 through 670for power driven transducer assembly in a dynamic optical information storage or retrieval device.

29	Rack and pinion type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, in which the mechanism involved is a rack and pinion and cannot be classified in any of the subclasses under this subclass.

30	Shifting rack:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Mechanisms, in which the rack moves in and out of engagement with the pinion.

31	Shiftable pinion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Mechanisms, in which the pinion moves in and out of engagement with the rack.

32	Segmental pinion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Mechanisms, in which the teeth on the pinion cover less than 360 degrees of the circumference of the pinion.

33	Alternately rotated pinion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Mechanisms, in which the pinion is always in mesh with the rack but its direction of rotation is alternated.

34	Clutchable gears:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Mechanisms, in which the pinion or pinions are constantly in mesh with the rack but are clutched and declutched to the shaft by which they are carried.

35	Bevel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Mechanisms, in which the pinion or pinions are constantly in mesh with the rack but are clutched and declutched to the shaft by which they are carried, the pinions being of the bevel type.

36	Overcoming dead center:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, in which the mechanisms involved either prevents the device from stopping on dead center or has some auxiliary mechanism for throwing the device off of dead center.

37	Belt or chain carried member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, which change the motion by means of a chain or belt.

38	Crank, lever, toggle, and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank, lever, toggle, and slide.

39	Crank, lazy-tong, and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank, lazy-tong, and slide.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 40]

Crank, pitman, lever, and slide:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank, pitman, lever, and slide.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 78 , for variable clearance, four cycle engines.

41	Pump jack type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Mechanisms, including a crank, pitman, lever and slide of the pump jack type.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 42]

Crank, pitman, and lever:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank, pitman, and lever.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 217 , for multiple shearing position shears using this mechanical movement.

43	Multiple levers:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Mechanisms, including a crank, pitman, and a plurality of levers.

44	Crank, pitman, and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank, pitman, and slide.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 45]

Crank, lever, and slide:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank, lever, and slide.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 218 , for multiple shearing position shears using this mechanical movement.

46	Rack connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Mechanisms, including a crank, lever, and slide and the connection between part of the members including a rack.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 47]

Crank and lever:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank and lever.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 219 , for multiple shearing position shears using this mechanical movement.

48	Slidable connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Mechanisms, including a crank and lever with a slidable connection between the crank and lever.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 49]

Crank and slide:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank and slide.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 220 , for multiple shearing position shears using this mechanical movement.

50	Slidable connections (e.g., scotch yoke):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49. Mechanisms, including a crank and slide with a slidable connection between the crank and slide.

51	Crank and multiple pitmans:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a crank and more than one pitman.

52	Planetary gearing and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including planetary gearing and a slide.

53	Cam, lever, and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a cam, lever, and slide.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 54]

Cam and lever:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a cam and lever.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 219 , for multiple shearing position shears using this mechanical movement.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 55]

Cam and slide:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, including a cam and slide.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

838,	for a cam and slide adjusting a stroke "on the fly".

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 220 , for multiple shearing position shears using this mechanical movement.

Axial cam:

This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Mechanisms, including a cam and slide, the cam being of the axial type.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

839,	for axial type cams adjusting a stroke "on the fly".

57	Grooved:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Mechanisms, including a cam and slide, the cam being of the axial type and the cam surface being in the form of a groove in the cam surface.

58	Multiple screw:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Mechanisms, including two axially grooved cams or screws rotating in opposite directions, one of which drives or is driven by the reciprocated or oscillated member or slide in one direction and the other in the opposite direction.

59	Alternately rotated screw:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Mechanisms, including an axially grooved cam connected to a slide, the cam being alternately rotated as the slide alternately changes its direction.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 60]

Wabbler type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Mechanisms, including an axial cam and slide, the cam being of the wabbler type.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

123,	for intermittent wabbler gearing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

91,	Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclasses 499+ for expansible chamber motors utilizing wabbler type, axial cams and slides.
123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclasses 56.2+ for an internal-combustion engine which utilizes a rotary output shaft, parallel to the engine cylinders which is driven by a cam on the rotary output shaft.
475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, subclasses 163+ for planetary wabbler gearing.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 61]

Unbalanced weights:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, in which the mechanism involved makes use of unbalanced weights to produce the reciprocating or oscillating motion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

209,	Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclass 367 , for apparatus utilizing this mechanical movement.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 62]

Trammel-pitman:

This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Mechanisms, in which the mechanism involved includes a cam having a plurality of intersecting slots, in which slide projections on a beam or connecting rod.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33,	Geometrical Instruments, subclasses 30.1+ , for ellipsographs.

63	Rotary to rotary:
	Mechanical movements for changing rotary motion to rotary motion.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 64]

Inertia or centrifugal transmitters:

This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of inertia or centrifugal means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

173,	Tool Driving or Impacting, subclasses 93.5+ for a tool impacting device which comprises a connection adapted to rotate a tool in low torque condition and yield in overload to deliver torsional impact.

65	Crank, pitman, lever, and crank:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Mechanisms in which the motion is changed by means of a crank, pitman, lever, and crank.

66	Crank, lever, and crank:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a crank, lever, and crank.

67	Crank, pitman, and crank:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a crank, pitman, and crank.

68	Cranks, link connected:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of cranks which are connected together by links.

69	Cranks, slidable connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by cranks which are slidably connected together.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 70]

Rotary to alternating rotary:

Mechanical Movements for converting rotary motion to alternating rotary motion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

318,	through 324, for alternating rotary gearing.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 71]

Mangle connections:

This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a mangle and gearing and the driving member is the shiftable member.

(1) Note. By mangle is meant a rack, wheel, or any other movable member having teeth on opposite sides, engaged by a pinion which meshes with the opposite sides alternately, to convert the continuous rotary motion of the pinion to an oscillating or reciprocating motion of the mangle rack, or wheel.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

318,	through 324, for converting rotary to alternating rotary motion by gearing not of the mangle type.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

68,	Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, for apparatus using this mechanical movement.

72	Shiftable driven gear:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a mangle and gearing and the driven member is the shiftable member.

73	Central teeth:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Mechanisms, the driven gear being shiftable and the teeth on the mangle being located along the center line of the mangle.

74	Multilated gearing connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a mangle and gearing and the gearing is mutilated.

75	Crank, pitman, and lever:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a crank, pitman, and lever.

76	Reciprocating rack connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a reciprocating rack.

77	Crank and pitman actuator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a reciprocating rack driven by a crank and pitman.

78	Simple crank actuator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a reciprocating rack driven directly by the crank.

79	Oscillating rack connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of an oscillating rack.

80	Mangle actuated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Mechanisms, in which the rack is mangle actuated.

81	Crank and pitman actuator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Mechanisms, in which the rack is driven by a crank and pitman.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 82]

Flexible connector type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a flexible member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

95,	for other mechanical movements using flexible connectors.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 83]

Associated inertia devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by inertia devices.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

92+,	for other mechanical movements utilizing inertia devices.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 84]

Rotary to intermittent unidirectional motion:

Mechanical Movements for changing rotary motion to intermittent unidirectional motion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

111+,	for mechanical movements of the intermittent grip type which change rotary motion to intermittent unidirectional motion.
415,	for pin tooth gearing.
436,	for Geneva gears.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 86]

Rotary to gyratory:

Mechanical Movements for converting rotary motion to gyratory motion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

241,	Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses 207+ , for comminutors utilizing this mechanical movement.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 87]

Unbalanced weight:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of unbalanced weights.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

209,	Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclasses 366+ , for apparatus using unbalanced weights.
241,	Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass 210 , for comminutors utilizing this mechanical movement.

88	Reciprocating or oscillating to intermittent unidirectional motion:
	Mechanical Movements for converting reciprocating or oscillating motion to intermittent unidirectional motion.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 89]

Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary:

Mechanical movement for converting oscillating or reciprocating motion to or from alternating rotary motion, all such motions as defined in the Glossary of this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

424.71

through 424.96, for screw and nut devices, per se.

GLOSSARY

ALTERNATING MOTION

The intermittent movement along a path, first in one direction and then in the opposite along such path.

OSCILLATING MOTION

Alternating motion of less than 360 degrees along an arcuate path.

RECIPROCATING MOTION

Alternating motion along a straight-line path.

ROTARY MOTION

The turning of a rigid body about an internal axis such that a point on the body travels through an arcuate path, about the axis, having an extent of 360 degrees or more.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 89.1]

89.1

Including inertia device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Mechanical movement comprising movable input and output elements, movable means drivingly interconnecting said elements and a movable member having substantial mass joined to either of said elements or said means by a force-transmitting connection which is effective to vary the speed of the movable member at some time during its operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

83,	for other mechanical movement including inertia device.

89.11

With rack and pinion:

Mechanical movement under subclasses 89.1 including a straight or curved member having a series of teeth or recesses to mesh with a gear, such series having determinate effective length.

(1) Note. A gear with minor mutilation taught as being nevertheless continuously usable, without reversal, is not considered to be a rack.

89.12	Rectilinear rack:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.11. Mechanical movement wherein the rack teeth or recesses lie in a straight line.

89.13

Including bevel gears:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Mechanical movement comprising at least one pair of toothed elements, rotatable about nonparallel axes, having meshing toothed surfaces which are inclined to said axes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

423+,

for other mechanism containing bevel gearing.

89.14

Including worm:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Mechanical movement comprising a rotatable screw member for meshing with a complementary toothed gear or rack.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

425+,

for other mechanism containing worm gearing.

89.16

Including spur gear:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Mechanical movement comprising a wheel having radially projecting teeth located parallel to the axis of said wheel for meshing with another toothed member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

421,	for other mechanism containing spur gearing.

89.17	With rack:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.16. Mechanical movement including a straight or curved member having a series of teeth or recesses to mesh with a gear, such series having determinate effective length.

89.18	Curvilinear rack:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.17. Mechanical movement wherein the teeth or recesses lie in a curved line.

89.19	With biasing means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.18. Mechanical movement comprising yieldable means which assists the motion of the movement in one direction or the other (e.g., spring, counter weight, etc.).

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 89.2]

89.2

Including flexible drive connector (e.g., belt, chain, strand, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Mechanical movement including a yieldable transmission member engaged with the periphery of a pulley, or of a sprocket or other type wheel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

254,	Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force, subclasses 266+ for a apparatus for hauling or hoisting a load which includes a driven drum for pulling on or traveling along a cable, and wherein either the drum or the cable is attached to the load.
474,	Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components, Appropriate subclasses for power transmission via an endless belt.

89.21	With sprocket wheel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.2. Mechanical movement including a member with peripheral cogs or teeth for engaging the flexible drive connector.

89.22	With pulley:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.2. Mechanical movement including a sheave or wheel with a grooved rim for receiving and frictionally cooperating with the flexible drive connector in driving or driven relationship.

89.23

Including screw and nut:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Subject matter including mechanical movement comprising a rotatable element having spiral threads or grooves encircling its axis of rotation and a second element enmeshed therewith for relative movement along the axis.

(1) Note. This subclass requires more (e.g., control of output, etc.) than the mere interaction of a screw and nut.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

424.71,

for screw and nut gearing, per se.

89.24	Shaft shorter than nut:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter. Subject matter in which the area of meshing engagement of the threads of the screw and nut extends substantially from one end of the thread bearing portion of the screw to the other and the thread bearing portion of the nut is longer than that of the screw. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.25

Auxiliary drive (e.g., fluid piston, etc.) for load:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter including drive means in addition to drive means for the screw and nut and connected to the same load and capable of moving the nut when the screw and nut are not operating.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

89.29

through 89.31, for a screw and nut mechanical movement having plural inputs and a single output.

89.26

Alternate power path operable on failure of primary:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which there are plural distinct power paths between an input and output of the mechanism only one of which is active at an initial point in time and the mechanism includes means to activate the other power path upon failure of the initially active one to produce movement of the output.

(1) Note. The failure may be due to a structural failure of a portion of the mechanism or may be a designed operating mode of the mechanism activated by a change in load or other condition.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.27	Single input split into two intermediate outputs that are subsequently superposed into a single output:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which there are two power paths between a single input and a single output of the mechanical movement that are in use simultaneously. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.28	Single input, plural outputs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which a single input drives plural outputs. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.29

Plural inputs, single output:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter including plural power paths between plural inputs and a single output.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

89.25,

for a single output independently driven by a screw and nut mechanism and an additional drive mechanism.

89.3	Plural nuts driving shaft:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.29. Subject matter in which there are plural nuts on a single integral shaft, both of which nuts are simultaneously driven to drive the shaft. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.31	Shaft and nut driven:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.29. Subject matter in which the shaft and nut are simultaneously driven.

89.32	Carriage surrounding, guided by, and primarily supported by member other than screw (e.g., linear guide, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which the screw and nut drive a carriage that at least partially surrounds a fixed structure (guide) that supports substantially all of a load on the carriage transverse to the screw. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.33	Carriage surrounded, guided, and primarily supported by member other than screw (e.g., linear guide, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which the screw and nut drive a carriage that is at least partially surrounded by a fixed structure (guide) that supports substantially all of a load on the carriage transverse to the screw. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.34	Shaft moves through rotary drive means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter including means for rotating the screw that includes a rotating hollow member through which the screw passes. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.35	Plural screws in series (e.g., telescoping, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which plural screws each associated with a different driving or driven nut form a single power path in which a nut on one screw drives a second screw. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject.

89.36	Deflection related:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter constructed to accommodate, prevent, reduce, or mitigate lateral deflection or misalignment of the screw and nut. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.37

Limit stop:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter including means to stop motion of the output of the screw and nut mechanism at a predetermined position of the output.

(1) Note. The output position may be predetermined relative to the nut or screw or to a supporting structure for the mechanism.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

89.38,	for a screw and nut mechanical movement having means for interrupting transmission of power from input to output.
89.39,	for a screw and nut mechanical movement having means to retard or stop the screw or nut.

89.38

Including means to selectively transmit power (e.g., clutch, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter including structure in the power path that may be altered in normal use to assume a state in which it connects two points in the power path so as to be capable of transmitting drive force between the two points and a state in which it is not capable of transmitting such force.

(1) Note. A brake that selectively prevents rotation of nut relative to shaft so that the nut selectively moves axially of the shaft or rotates with it will be found here.

89.39

Means to selectively lock or retard screw or nut:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter including a structure mounted on a stationary support constructed to selectively apply a force to the nut or screw (1) tending to retard the motion of the nut or screw or (2) maintaining the nut or screw in a stationary state.

(1) Note. A brake that selectively prevents rotation of nut relative to shaft so that the nut selectively moves axially of the shaft or rotates with it will be found elsewhere. See the search notes below. In these devices, the nut is not mounted on a stationary support.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

89.37,	for a limit stop that may include an abutment integral with a screw for halting a nut traveling along the screw.
89.38,	for a brake that selectively prevents rotation of nut relative to shaft so that the nut selectively moves axially of the shaft or rotates with it. See (1) Note above.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 89.4]

89.4

Contamination related:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter including means for impeding the movement of material onto or from the screw or nut from or to the surrounding environment.

(1) Note. Devices of this subclass may, for example, prevent foreign, potentially damaging, or disrupting particles from entering the space between a screw and nut or may prevent lubricant or the like from being released from the space to the surroundings. Also included are devices that remove contaminants from the screw and nut interface.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.41	Imperforate enclosure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.4. Subject matter including a barrier surrounding a space containing both the screw and nut so as to prevent movement of material into and out of the space. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.42	Backlash:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter related to reduction or mitigation of play between the threads of the screw and nut. Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

89.43

Pressurized fluid introduced between nut and screw:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter having structure in the screw or nut for introducing fluid under pressure into the space between the screw and nut so as to maintain a separation between their threads.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

89.44,

for a screw and nut mechanical movement having means for introducing a lubricant between the screw and nut.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

384,	Bearings, subclasses 12 and 100-124 for a fluid bearing.

89.44

Lubrication:

This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which the screw or nut has specific structure for reducing sliding friction between the screw and nut.

(1) Note. For example, the structure for reducing sliding friction may be a passage for allowing lubricating fluid to reach the space between the nut and screw or may involve the provision of lubricant impregnated (i.e., self-lubricating) material associated with the nut or screw.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

Figure 1. A typical example of the subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

184,	Lubrication, for general purpose lubricating structure.
384,	Bearings, subclasses 322 through 415,462-475, and 606 for lubricating structure specific to a bearing.

89.45	Manually driven:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 89.23. Subject matter in which the mechanism is constructed to permit a person to supply its input power without the use of tools.

96	Oscillating to oscillating:
	Mechanical movements for converting oscillating motion to oscillating motion.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 97.1]

97.1

Snap action:

This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Mechanism wherein the energy of the driving member is stored during the beginning of the stroke and is imparted to the driven member during the latter part of the stroke to impart a rapid motion to the driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 402+ for a switch of that class having a movable contact and an actuator, and wherein the contact is quickly or abruptly moved independently of the actuator during actuation, which movement frequently is accomplished by a spring connection between the contact and the actuator.
236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass 48 for a temperature control valve whose operating force is stored until such time as the valve can be moved suddenly through its total range.
251,	Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 75 for a valve having an actuator which imparts to the valve an accelerated motion during a particular portion of its movement.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 97.2]

97.2

Plate spring:

This subclass is indented under subclass 97.1. Mechanism wherein the driving member is a thin, resilient element which is in a distorted condition in either one of the two positions which it customarily occupies, and which, when moved by an external force away from one position in the direction of the other position, undergoes a reversal of distortion, resulting in a rapid movement between the two positions.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 89.29 for a clutch which is operated by a quick-throw spring.
267,	Spring Devices, subclass 159 for a device of that class in the nature of a snap spring.

98	Geared connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of gears.

99	Reciprocating to or from oscillating:
	Mechanical movements for converting reciprocating motion to or from oscillating motion.

100.1

Snap action:

This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Mechanism wherein the energy of the driving member is stored during the beginning of the stroke and is imparted to the driven member during the latter part of the stroke to impart a rapid motion to the driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 402+ for a switch of that class having a movable contact and an actuator, and wherein the contact is quickly or abruptly moved independently of the actuator during actuation, which movement frequently is accomplished by a spring connection between the contact and the actuator.
236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass 48 for a temperature control valve whose operating force is stored until such time as the valve can be moved suddenly through its total range.
251,	Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 75 for a valve having an actuator which imparts to the valve an accelerated motion during a particular portion of its movement.

100.2

Plate spring:

This subclass is indented under subclass 100.1. Mechanism wherein the driving member is a thin, resilient element which is in a distorted condition in either one of the two positions which it customarily occupies, and which, when moved by an external force away from one position in the direction of the other position, undergoes a reversal of distortion, resulting in a rapid movement between the two positions.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 89.29 for a clutch which is operated by a quick-throw spring.
267,	Spring Devices, subclass 159 for a device of that class in the nature of a snap spring.

101	Compound lever and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a compound lever and slide.

102	Lever and slide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a lever and slide.

103	Straight line motions:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a lever and slide and the path of the reciprocating member is a straight line.

104	Slidable connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Mechanisms in which the motion is changed by means of a lever and slide and the connection between the lever and slide is slidable.

105	Link connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a lever and slide which are connected together by a link.

106

Toggle transmissions:

This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a lever and slide which are connected together by a toggle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

81,	Tools, subclasses 363 and 367+ for toggle-actuated pliers.

107	Cam connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a lever and slide which are connected together by cams.

108	Flexible connections:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a lever and slide which are connected together by a flexible member.

109	Rack and pinion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Mechanisms, in which the motion is changed by means of a rack and pinion.

110	Reciprocating to reciprocating:
	Mechanical movements for changing reciprocating motion to reciprocating motion.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 111]

111

MECHANICAL MOVEMENTS (INTERMITTENT GRIP TYPE):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Mechanisms, provided with parts adapted to impart step-by-step motion to a unidirectionally driven member.

(1) Note. For intermittent grip devices, of special application, see the arts to which they are applied.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

84,	435, and 436, for specialized forms of intermittent grip mechanisms.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

72,	Metal Deforming, subclass 422 + for machines for feeding metal stock having intermittently reciprocated gripping mechanisms which grasp the bar of stock, advance to feed the same to a chuck, then release the stock, and return to their first position.
81,	Tools, subclass 314 for pliers with incremental jaw movement.
188,	Brakes, subclasses 82.1+ , for brakes applied to elements rotating relative to stationary elements to prevent retrograde rotation while allowing forward rotation.
368,	Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclass 75 , for electric clocks having an intermittent striking signal.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 112]

112

Rotary to intermittent unidirectional motion:

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Mechanisms having a rotary driving member and provided with parts adapted to impart step-by-step motion to a unidirectionally driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

84,	for nonintermittent grip type movements for changing rotary and intermittent unidirectional movement.
435,	for mutilated rotary gear bodies. 436, for Geneva gears.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

352,	Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 187+ and 191+ for intermittent feed mechanisms for motion picture apparatus.

113	Automatically controlled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Mechanisms in which the transmission ratio is controlled automatically.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 114]

114

Speed:

This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Mechanisms in which the transmission ratio is controlled automatically by speed responsive elements.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

601,	for automatically adjustable cranks and wrist pins.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 116]

116

Rotary crank or eccentric drive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Mechanisms having a rotary crank or eccentric driving member and provided with parts adapted to impart step-by-step motion to a unidirectionally driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

118,	120, and 510, for eccentric features.
595+,	for crank features.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 117]

117

Adjustable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Mechanisms, having an adjustable driving member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121,	for other adjustable throw cranks and eccentrics.
571.1,	for adjustable eccentrics.
600,	for adjustable cranks.

118	Lever transmitter:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Mechanisms in which the parts include an intermediate lever pivoted to some supporting structure.

119	Adjustable leverage:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Mechanisms, in which the parts include an intermediate lever of adjustable ratio pivoted to some supporting structure.

120	Rack and pinion transmitter:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Mechanisms, in which the parts include rack and pinion transmitting elements.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 121]

121

Adjustable throw:

This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Mechanisms, in which the parts include rack and pinion transmitting elements, and means are provided for varying the extent of effective movement of those elements.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

117,	for adjustments other than by changing the throw for this mechanical movement.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 122]

122

Rotary cam drive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Mechanisms, having a rotary cam driving member and provided with parts adapted to impart step-by-step motion to a unidirectionally driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

567+,

for cams, per se.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 123]

123

Adjustable throw:

This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Mechanisms, in which the extent of movement of the transmitting parts may be varied.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

60,	for wabble type mechanical movements.
568,	for adjustable cams.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 124]

124

Radial cam:

This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Mechanisms and having a radial cam.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

125,	for other radial cam actuators.
568,	for adjustable cams.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 125]

125

Radial cam:

This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Mechanisms and having a radial cam.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

567+,

for cams.

125.5

Intermittently engaged clutch:

This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Mechanisms in which the parts include periodically engageable clutch elements.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

322,	through 324, for alternatively rotary gearing involving clutchable gears.

126	Oscillation or reciprocation to intermittent unidirectional motion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Mechanisms and having either an oscillating or reciprocating driving member and provided with parts adapted to impart step-by-step motion to a unidirectionally driven member.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 127]

127

Screw and nut devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Mechanisms, in which the parts include relatively movable screw and nut elements.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57+,	for nonintermittent grip type movements involving axially grooved cams, and slides.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 128]

128

Slide actuator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Mechanisms, in which the driving member is in the form of a slidable actuator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

160+,

for slide gripper mountings.

129	Multiple acting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Mechanisms, in which a slidable actuator is adapted to impart motion to the driven member in both directions of its movement or in which a plurality of slidable actuators are adapted to impart motion to the driven member in sequence.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 130]

130

Rack actuator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Mechanisms, in which the driving member is provided with rack teeth.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

401,	Coating Implements With Material Supply, subclass 66 , for a pencil, or the like, including a rack and pawl mechanism for advancing a piece of lead step-by-step to compensate for attrition.

131	Multiple acting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Mechanisms, in which a single driving member having rack teeth is capable of imparting motion to the driven member in both directions of its movement or in which a plurality of driving members having rack teeth are adapted to impart motion to the driven member in sequence.

132	Inwardly facing racks:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Mechanisms, in which the driving member is provided with inwardly facing rack teeth and is effective in both directions of its movement to impart motion to the driven member.

133	Oscillating:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Mechanisms, in which the rack is oscillatable.

134	Multiple acting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Mechanisms, in which the oscillatable rack is adapted to impart motion to the driven member in both directions of its movement or in which a plurality of oscillatable racks are adapted to impart motion to the driven member in sequence.

135	Inwardly facing racks:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Mechanisms, in which the rack is provided with inwardly facing teeth and is effective in both directions of its movement.

136	Multiple acting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Mechanisms, in which a single driving member in the form of a strap, chain, belt, etc., is adapted to impart motion to the driven member in both directions of its movement or in which a plurality of straps are adapted to impart motion to the driven member in sequence.

137	Spring or weight return:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Mechanisms, in which a spring or weight moves the strap in one direction.

138	Single acting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Mechanisms, in which the driving member is in the form of a strap, chain, or belt and is effective in only one direction of movement to impart motion to the driven member.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 139]

139

Engine starter type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Mechanisms in which the entire device is particularly designed for uses as an engine starter but is adapted for other uses.

(1) Note. This subclass includes only the intermittent grip type of engine starters capable of general use.

(2) Note. If the use is limited to engine starting, see the appropriate starter classes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6+,	for engine starters and see (1) Note supra.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclasses 185.1+ , for mechanical starters, and see (1) Note supra.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 140]

140

Spring or weight return:

This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Mechanisms, in which a spring or weight is adapted to return the strap to its initial position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal Combustion Engines, subclasses 185.1+ , for mechanical starters, and see (1) Note supra.

141	Spring or weight return:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Mechanisms, in which a spring or weight is adapted to return the strap to its initial position.

141.5

Lever actuator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Mechanisms in which the driving member is a lever effective in its oscillation to impart motion to the driven member.

(1) Note. It should be noted that the movement of the lever and driven element is relative. Hence, if the "driven" element is held or fixed, and the support or pivot of the lever is compelled to move in the required manner by the oscillation or reciprocation of the lever, such structure will satisfy the terms of this definition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

156+,

for lever gripper mountings.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

254,	Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force, subclasses 31 , 105+, 206+, 210, 237+, and 245 for similar mechanisms for imparting a step-by-step movement to a traveling bar or rack.

142	Rotary driven element:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 141.5. Mechanisms in which the intermittently driven member revolves around a relatively fixed axis.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 143]

143

Multiple acting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Mechanisms in which a single driving member in the form of a lever, is adapted to impart motion to the driven member in both directions of oscillation of the lever or in which a plurality of levers are adapted to impart motion to the driven member in sequence.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

158+,

for multiple acting lever gripping mountings.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 144]

144

Grip units and features:

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Devices, adapted to form parts of more complex intermittent grip mechanisms and to impart step-by-step motion directly to a unidirectionally driven member.

(1) Note. The line between these subclasses and Class 192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 41, with respect to one way clutches and clutch operators is as follows: Class 192, will take the clutch, per se, with or without the clutch operator. The inclusion of additional elements; e.g., a holding pawl for the part driven by the clutch, will cause classification in this class (74).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

505,	for hand operated gear, drum and cable controllers.
575,	for pawls and ratchets, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

81,	Tools, subclasses 58+ , for clutched head wrenches or screwdrivers, and subclasses 28+ for a ratchet bit stock.
188,	Brakes, subclasses 82.1+ , for brakes applied to elements rotating relative to stationary elements to prevent retrograde rotation while allowing forward rotation.
192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, for one way clutches and actuators, and see (1) Note supra.
254,	Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force, subclasses 108+ , 206+, and 237+ for pawl operated step-by-step traveling bar type implements or apparatus.
368,	Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclasses 59+ for secondary electric clock mechanism.
401,	Coating Implements With Material Supply, subclasses 65+ , for a pencil or the like, including a chuck for advancing a piece of lead step-by-step to compensate for attrition.

145	Compound movement handle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Devices, including a handle capable of movement in a plurality of planes.

146	Reversible:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Devices, including a handle capable of movement in a plurality of planes and adapted to impart either forward or reverse motion to the driven member.

147	Transverse pivots:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Devices, in which the handle is swingable about an axis transverse to the axis of rotation of the driven member.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 148]

148

Gripper releasing devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Devices, in which means are provided for releasing a gripper from the driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

679,	for gearing having this mechanical movement in one of a plurality of power paths to or from the gearing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

188,	Brakes, subclass 82.3 , for one-way brakes which include means to render them inoperative to prevent retrograde motion of a rotating member.
475,	Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, subclass 217 for disc and wheel type gearing in one of plural power paths to planetary gearing.

149	Power pawl lifter:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Devices, in which the pawl disengaged is the driving or power transmitting pawl.

150	Automatic:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Devices, in which means are provided for automatically disengaging a power transmitting pawl from the driven member.

151	Idle stroke:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Devices, in which means are provided for automatically disengaging a power transmitting pawl from the driven member during the idle or return movement of the pawl.

152

Cooperating holding pawl:

This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Devices, in which a holding pawl is adapted to prevent retrograde movement of the driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

235,	Registers, subclass 131 , for overthrow preventers.

153	Power stroke:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Devices, in which means are provided for automatically disengaging a power transmitting pawl from the driven member during the power or working movement of the pawl.

154	Cooperating holding pawl:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Devices, in which means are provided for disengaging a power pawl from the driven member and an auxiliary holding pawl is adapted to prevent retrograde movement of the driven member.

155	Holding pawl lifter:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Devices, provided with a holding pawl for preventing retrograde movement of the driven member, the said holding pawl being disengaged from the driven member by the movement of some part of the device.

156

Gripper mountings, lever:

This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Devices, in which the element which engages the driven member is mounted on a lever actuator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

118+,

and 142+, for lever actuated intermittent grip type devices.

157	Reversible:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Devices, in which the element which engages the driven member may be shifted to impart either forward or reverse motion to the driven member.

158	Multiple acting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Devices, in which a plurality of elements are adapted to engage one or more driven members and are mounted on one or more lever actuators.

159	Single ratchet or clutch:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Devices, in which the driven member is in the form of a single ratchet or clutch to provide only one set of teeth for cooperation with the plurality of elements.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 160]

160

Gripper mountings, slide:

This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Devices, having the element adapted to engage the driven member mounted on a slidable actuator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

128,	for other slide actuators.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 161]

161

Multiple acting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Devices, in which a plurality of elements are adapted to engage one or more driven members and are mounted on one or more slide actuators.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

129,	for other multiple acting slide actuators.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 162]

162

Grip features:

This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Devices, limited to the combination of the details of the power imparting element, per se, and the driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

575+,

for pawls and ratchets, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

81,	Tools, subclasses 58+ , for clutched head wrenches or screwdrivers, and subclasses 28+ for a ratchet bit stock.
192,	Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 41+ , for automatic one way engaging clutches.

163	Driving band:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Devices, in which the power imparting element is in the form of a band surrounding the driven member.

164	Clamping:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Devices, in which the power imparting element is in the form of a band surrounding the driven member and which actuates the driven member intermittently by being clamped thereto and unclamped therefrom.

165	Driven band and gripper:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Devices, in which the driven member is in the form of an endless band, such as a chain or belt.

166	Positive grip:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Devices, provided with means to prevent slippage between the power imparting elements and the driven member.

167	Driving ratchet-bar or rack:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Devices, in which the power imparting element is in the form of a ratchet bar or rack.

168	Multiple acting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Devices, in which a plurality of power imparting elements in the form of ratchet bars or racks actuate the driven member.

[List of Patents for class 74 subclass 169]

169

Driven ratchet-bar and power dog:

This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Devices, in which the power imparting element is in the form of a pawl adapted to cooperate with the teeth of a ratchet bar which comprises the driven member.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

254,	Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force, subclasses 108+ , 206+, and 237+ for pawl operated step-by-step traveling bar type implements or apparatus.

	Gearing Frictional.
	This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Gearing, comprising rotary elements having substantially smooth surfaces in contact with each other, or in line or point contact with an interposed member, to produce a relative rolling motion between them due to contact of surfaces.

216.3

Toothed gear and recirculated unconnected elements:

This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Gearing which includes a guide tube in the form of a closed path, a plurality of free running independent bodies (e.g., balls) within and substantially filling said tube, and one or more notched rotary elements tangentially engaging the bodies axially of the run thereof to thereby transmit and/or receive power axially of the run by the compressive action of the bodies upon each other in the forward run of the path.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

458+,	for worm and helical gearing in which power is transmitted through the medium of balls received in pockets formed by the grooves of the meshing gears and in which the balls serve as antifriction elements.
499,	and 500, for the gearing there classified and including the use of balls as antifriction elements between the meshing grooves of the gears.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

60,