Class Definition for Class 116 - SIGNALS AND INDICATORS

Patents > Guidance, Tools, and Manuals >> Classification >>> Class Definition

Class Numbers & Titles | Class Numbers Only | USPC Index | International | HELP

You are viewing a Class definition.

CLASS 116,	SIGNALS AND INDICATORS
Click here for a printable version of this file

SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

(A) This class is limited to mechanical, as distinguished from electrical, devices for giving signals of the nature of either alarms or indicators, which signals are generally due to some movement of some part or element from a normal or nonsignaling or signal-controlling position. The signal may be of any type which appeals to any one or more of the senses, but is generally a bell, horn, whistle, semaphore, light-shutter, explosive device, pointer, or flag. Methods are classified in the appropriate subclasses with the signal devices unless specifically provided for by a method subclass.

(B) The patents of this class are divided into several main groups:

(1) Those for devices having combined functions, as signaling, and also some additional function, as igniting a lamp, fastening a door or window, etc.

(2) Those adapted for some special purpose, as code signaling, ships" telegraphs, vehicle motion and direction, street traffic, etc.

(3) Those which are for alarms, such as bells, horns, whistles, rattles, etc.

(4) Those for indicators, as pointers, semaphores, drop-annunciators, etc.

(5) Those for novel horns, whistles, bells, flags, etc., per se.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

(A) Where the claims cover printed cards, or printed calendars, pictures, labels, tags or signs, either stationary or which may be made to appear at windows or apertures, the patents are placed in Class 40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, with the exception of patents of the following functional subclasses of this class (116), viz., 21, 32, 35+, 63, and 72, when other than mere signs are present. Generally signs normally hidden and adapted to be made to appear at a window in a casing are in Class 40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 28+, but an exception is made in this class (116), subclasses 42+.

(B) This class does not ordinarily include conventional signals and/or alarms applied to devices of other main classes where the structure of such devices is specifically claimed or is materially modified in order to cooperate with the conventional signal mechanism.

(C) As between this class and any of the electrical classes, in the following cases the patents will be found classified in the appropriate electrical classes:

(1) When an electrical means for transmitting the signal, which is to be indicated, is claimed, whether in combination with mechanical signalling means or not. The inclusion of a magnetic means (which acts in the nature of an adhesive or fastening) to hold a nonelectrical signal in position is not sufficient to exclude the device from Class 116.

(2) When the indication is given by an electrical signal, such as an electric light, bell or meter, which indicator is claimed.

(3) Electrical signals, per se, such as electric bells, horns, etc.

(D) The class in general includes the communication of information, except when otherwise specifically classified - as, for example, in classes 434, Education and Demonstration; 40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting; 178, Telegraphy; 181, Acoustics; 235, Registers; 246, Railway Switches and Signals; 250, Radiant Energy; 340, Communications: Electrical; 342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation); 343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas; 346, Recorders; 375, Pulse or Digital Communications; and 455, Telecommunications.

(E) The production of sound, per se, is excluded; for which see Classes 42, Firearms; 446, Amusement Devices: Toys; 84, Music; 102, Ammunition and Explosive Devices, appropriate subclasses for explosive or ignitable devices and processes which may be useful for signal purposes; 181, Acoustics; 369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, and 623, Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof or Aids and Accessories Therefor, subclass 9 for larynxes.

(F) The classes referred to under "Search Class" below which takes the combination where a signal or alarm is claimed are regarded as superior to this class.

SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

21,	32, 35+, 63, and 72, (see Lines With Other Classes, section A, above).
42,	(see Lines With Other Classes, section A, above).

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

4,	Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, subclass 314 for an indicator combined with closet structure.
14,	Bridges, subclass 49 for signals with features specific to bridges.
33,	Geometrical Instruments, subclasses 300+ for methods of an apparatus for signaling direction by utilizing forces such as terrestrial gravitation or magnetism.
40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, (see Lines With Other Classes, A and B, above for the line between Class 40 and Class 116).
42,	Firearms, for producers of sound per se (see section (see Lines With Other Classes, E, for the line between Class 42 and Class 116).
43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 16 and 17 for signals for signaling that a fish has been hooked.
49,	Movable or Removable Closures, subclasses 13+ for a device that signals the position of a closure.
52,	Static Structures (e.g., Building), subclass 105 for signaling means combined with structure of the class type.
70,	Locks, conventional or unmodified lock, latch, bolt, or knob structure when merely used to operate a signal, is placed in Class 116; also whenever any modification of the lock, latch, bolt, or knob is made in order to cooperate with a signal it is placed in this class (116). In Class 70, search subclasses 330+ , for visual, contractual or audible signals for effecting the release of combination type locks and subclasses 432+, for devices to indicate the condition of locking mechanism.
73,	Measuring and Testing, for signals or indicators combined with measuring apparatus Class 73, also includes measuring devices wherein response is made to a condition over a range or a series of indications are given which follow or vary with the variation of the condition. Class 116 includes devices for giving a signal (other than electrical) of the presence or absence of a condition.
81,	Tools, subclass 479 for electric signal devices associated with wrenches or screwdrivers that indicate when a selected torque is reached on the work.
83,	Cutting, subclass 522 for a signaling means and a cutting device.
84,	Music, for devices for producing music and subclass 169 for signals associated with automatic musical instruments and subclasses 477+ for signals to be used with keyboards for teaching music.
99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 285 for beverage infuser with signaling means; and subclasses 342+ for cooking apparatus with signaling means.
109,	Safes, Bank Protection, or a Related Device, subclass 21 for transaction and display partitions and counters with alarm signal, or indicator, subclass 31 for combined fluent material releasing, generating and/or distributing means with alarm, signal, or indicator and subclasses 38+ for signal, indictor, or alarm combined with miscellaneous structure.
114,	Ships, subclass 246 for steering mechanism signaling means for locating the position of a ship in a tow train.
118,	Coating Apparatus, subclasses 712+ for coating apparatus combined with signal or indicator means.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 227+ , 524 and 551+ for fluid handling means combined with signaling devices.
149,	Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges, appropriate subclasses for explosive or ignitable compositions which may be useful for signal purposes.
178,	Telegraphy, for signaling means limited to use in telegraph systems or apparatus (see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, C and D above, for the line between Class 178 and Class 116).
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclass 18 for signaling devices combined with a ladder, scaffold or fire escape.
185,	Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, subclass 14 for composite motor with spring winding indicator, subclass 36 for weight motor winding indicator and subclass 44 for spring winding indicator.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 167 for electric switch operators which are provided with means to show either the location of the switch or the operated position (e.g., off or on) of the switch contacts, and appropriate subclasses for mere circuit controllers for electrical signals, and see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, C and D above.
206,	Special Receptacle or Package, for a pill box or container with a label or indicia and nothing movable, adjustable, or selective with respect to the indicia.
210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 85+ for signaling means combined with a separator.
212,	Traversing Hoists, subclasses 276+ for a crane having a random condition sensor which regulates an indicator or alarm device and subclasses 282+ for other cranes equipped with an indicator.
215,	Bottles and Jars, subclasses 365+ for devices for indicating the nature of or quantity of the contents of receptacles.
221,	Article Dispensing, subclasses 2+ for structure to facilitate dispensing or removal of particular dosage with a label or indicia and nothing movable, adjustable, or selective with respect to the indicator.
222,	Dispensing, subclasses 14+ for indicators for presetting volume or rate of flow of dispensers of the cut-off type, subclasses 23+ for dispensers with recorder, register, indicator, signal or exhibitor and subclasses 154+ for dispensers with gauges and scales.
232,	Deposit and Collection Receptacles, subclass 34 for sight signals, subclass 35 for door controlled sight signals, subclass 36 for door controlled sound signals and subclass 37 for door operated indicators.
234,	Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), subclasses 4+ for a typographical tape punch provided with means to indicate approach to and entry into the "justification zone"; and appropriate subclasses for a selective cutting machine with indicating means for various operating conditions.
235,	Registers, for signaling means associated with calculating or registering equipment. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, D for the line between Class 116 and Class 235.)
241,	Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass 101.01 for signaling means combined with comminuting apparatus.
242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 305+ for a fishing reel with an unwinding indicator; subclasses 534+ and 563+ for a winding machine and unwinding machine control, respectively, which may include an indicator; and subclass 912 for a cross reference-collection of indicators and alarms.
246,	Railway Switches and Signals, for railway signals. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, D for the line between Class 116 and 246).
250,	Radiant Energy, appropriate subclasses for electrical and nonelectrical detection of invisible electromagnetic or nuclear radiation, X-ray apparatus, the irradiation of material by electromagnetic or nuclear radiation, supports for irradiated material, detectors and sources, electro-magnetic energy generation and sources, radiation controlling elements, light wave communication systems, and photocell circuits and apparatus. See also Lines With Other Classes and Within this Class, sections C and D of the Class 116, Class Definitions.
340,	Communications: Electrical, for electric signals. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, C and D above for the line between Class 116 and Class 340.)
342,	Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), appropriate subclasses for radar signaling systems (see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, C and D for the line between Class 116 and Class 342).
346,	Recorders, subclasses 3+ for steam engine indicators and 17+ for signals, indicators or alarms associated with recorders.
359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclasses 515+ for signal reflectors and subclasses 436+ for scale or indicia reading devices
362,	Illumination, subclasses 23+ for illuminated scale or dial which may include a broad recitation of indicia on the scale or dial.
368,	Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclasses 272+ for clock-work-operated striking-trains, including different toned bells and subclasses 210+ for devices to signal when a timepiece needs winding or for showing the degree to which it is wound.
369,	Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, for signalling associated with sound recording or reproducing devices. (See Lines With Other Classes, E for the line between Class 116 and Class 369).
374,	Thermal Measuring and Testing, for a signal or indicator combined with a thermal measurement. Class 374 includes a measurement made by a series of indications to as to produce a quantitative indication.
385,	Optical Waveguides, for light transmitting fibers, rods, or pipes.
400,	Typewriting Machines, subclasses 610.1+ for billing devices with indicating scales, subclass 249 for ribbon mechanism signals and subclasses 703+ for miscellaneous indicators associated with typewriting machines.
401,	Coating Implements With Material Supply, subclass 194 for signaling means combined with a coating implement.
402,	Binder Device Releasably Engaging Aperture or Notch of Sheet, subclass 3 for visual identification means.
406,	Conveyors: Fluid Current, subclasses 34+ for signals and indicators associated with pneumatic dispatching apparatus and other fluid current conveyors.
408,	Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclasses 16 and 116 for signaling means combined with structure of the class type.
414,	Material or Article Handling, subclass 148 for the combination of a chamber of a type utilized for a heating function and material charging or discharging means therefor, and wherein is further provided an alarm, indicator, or signal, and subclass 289 for the combination of a static receptacle, and means for charging or discharging, or facilitating the charging or discharging of, the receptacle, and wherein is further provided an alarm, indicator, or signal.
415,	Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps, subclass 116 for signaling means combined with structure of the class type.
416,	Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclasses 31+ for signaling means combined with structure of the class type.
417,	Pumps, subclass 63 for signaling means combined with structure of this class type.
418,	Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 2 for signaling means combined with structure of the class type.
424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclasses 9.1+ for a drug, bio-affecting, or body treating composition, according to the main Class 424 definitions, used for in vivo diagnosis or in vivo testing wherein no radionuclide is involved and subclasses 10.1+ for drug, bio-affecting, or body treating compositions with an identification or warning feature.
425,	Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, subclass 169 for signaling means combined with structure of the class type.
431,	Combustion, subclass 13 for signaling or inspection means combined with structure of the class type.
432,	Heating, subclass 32 for signaling or inspection means combined with structure of the class type.
434,	Education and Demonstration, subclasses 222+ for devices for teaching the art of signaling such as telegraphy or wigwagging (see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, D above for the line between Class 35 and Class 116).
441,	Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices, subclasses 6+ for wreck signalling buoys.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, has visual and audible devices whose purpose is for amusement or recreation, but not working models, or devices, even though called toys, which if made of sufficient size would be operative devices of the kind found in other classes. Mouth-operated devices for producing sound are in Class 446 except where the device is used in producing music. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, E above for the line between Class 446 and Class 116).
483,	Tool Changing, subclass 12 for apparatus including a tool transfer means combined with either a tool support or storage means and combined with an alerting means.

SUBCLASSES

1	MISCELLANEOUS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous patents for devices pertaining to this class but not elsewhere classified.

2	COMBINED FUNCTIONS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices include combinations of different types of signals or combinations of a signal with some means for producing some function in addition to signaling or indicating--for example, a bell and horn, a horn and lamp, fire-alarms added to fire-extinguishing systems, boot-scrapers used also to ring doorbells, etc.

3	Horns with lamps:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Devices include a horn and lamp combined in a unitary structure for use on vehicles.

4	Alarms with indicators:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Devices for combined structures in which there is an alarm and also an indicator.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 5]

Burglar or fire:

This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Devices in which the combined alarm and indicator is of the burglar or fire alarm type.

(1) Note. For the alarm or indicator per se search should be made in the proper subclasses below.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 6]

Burglar alarms:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Devices in which the burglar-alarm is also combined with some additional function, as grasping or shooting the burglar, lighting a match or lamp, securing a door or window, exploding a blank cartridge, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

77,	through 83, for portable burglar alarms.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 7]

Light producing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Devices which sound an alarm by a bell or cartridge explosion and also ignite a lamp or match.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

431,	Combustion, subclasses 13+ for a burner having a means indicating a condition of the burner or providing for inspection of the burner.

8	Locks:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Devices include locks combined with alarms, which are set off when the lock is operated. The alarm may be a bell or an explosive device.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 9]

Door-knob controlled:

This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Devices in which the alarm is controlled by the movement of the doorknob.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

92,	for door knob operated clockwork bell.
96,	for door knob operated single-stroke bell.
97,	for door knob operated alarm.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 10]

Combined knob and bell:

This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Devices in which the doorknob and bell are more or less of a unitary or combined structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

153,	for door knob contained bell.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 11]

Detonating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Devices in which the operation of the lock releases a hammer, which explodes a cartridge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,	for door fastening devices with detonating cartridges.
17,	for sash fastening devices with detonating cartridges.
23,	for periodic detonating devices.
83,	for portable burglar alarms of the detonating type.
87,	for door and window actuated detonating devices.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 12]

Door securing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Devices for fastening doors capable of also acting as burglar-alarms.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

82,	for floor supported, portable, burglar alarms.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

292,	Closure Fasteners, appropriate subclasses, for closure fasteners having signals or indicators.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 13]

Braces:

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Devices in which an inclined brace is used to secure the door and cooperates in setting of a burglar-alarm.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

292,	Closure Fasteners, subclasses 338+ for braces to secure closures in adjusted positions.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 14]

Chain or link:

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Devices in which the fastener is of the well-known chain or link type.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

292,	Closure Fasteners, subclass 264 for chain devices to secure closures in adjusted positions.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 15]

Detonating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Devices in which the alarm is of a detonating type, whereby a hammer is released to explode a cartridge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

11,	for lock actuated detonating devices.
17,	for sash fastening detonating device.
23,	for periodic detonating devices.
83,	for portable detonating type burglar alarms.
87,	for closure operated detonating burglar alarms.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 16]

Sash fastening:

This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Devices which include fasteners for window-sashes capable also of acting as burglar-alarms.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

292,	Closure Fasteners, appropriate subclasses, for closure fasteners having signals or indicators.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 17]

Detonating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Devices include sash-fastening burglar-alarms which explode a cartridge when set off.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

11,	for lock actuated detonating devices.
15,	for door securing detonating devices.
23,	for periodic detonating devices.
83,	for portable detonating type burglar alarms.
87,	for closure operated detonating burglar alarms.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 18]

CODE SIGNALING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices limited to the transmission of code messages by means of visual or audible indications.

(1) Note. This subclass includes signaling means on lighthouses, buoys, vessels, etc., for sending out signals in the form of codes as distinguished from mere sounds or light-flashes regularly repeated.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

22,	for simple sound or light signals, repeated periodically.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

375,	Pulse or Digital Communications, appropriate subclasses for electric code signalling.

19	Ship"s course:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Devices include mechanically-operated means, sometimes automatically controlled by the position of the ship"s rudder or the direction of motion of the ship and sometimes manually controlled, by which the ship"s course is indicated by code-signals to other vessels.

20	Heliographic:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Devices in which the signals are given by mechanically controlled intermittent flashes of light, usually reflected sunlight.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 21]

SHIP"S TELEGRAPHS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices by which the navigating officers of a vessel can mechanically transmit commands from various stations of the ship, as the pilot-house, bridge, etc., to various other stations, as the engine-room, the windlass-desk, etc.

(1) Note. This subclass includes devices using works and other indicia which would, if claimed alone, be placed in Class 40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 22]

PERIODIC:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices include means for the automatic and periodic actuation of signals, usually by various types of motors--e.g., electric, clock-work, explosive gas, compressed air, etc. Fog-signals, danger-signals, and bird-scarers are here included.

(1) Note. Continuously-ringing clock-work-bells, signals which can be repeating the operator"s acts, and similar devices are not here included; but signals that are automatically repeated at successive periods so long as their operation is continued are included.

(2) Note. When the claims cover any of the details of an electric motor, whether generally or specifically, the patent is excluded.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

18,	for code-signals that may be periodically repeated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

368,	Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclass 248 for an horological device including a repeating alarm.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 23]

Detonating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Devices include means for the periodic actuation of detonating signals, usually used as alarms for scaring animals, birds, etc., from fields, orchards, or gardens.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

11,	for lock actuated detonating devices.
15,	for door securing detonating devices.
17,	for sash fastening detonating devices.
78,	for portable drop detonated devices.
83,	for portable detonating type devices.
87,	for closure operated detonating devices.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 24]

Horns and whistles:

This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Devices include means for the periodic actuation of horns and whistles.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

137+,

for general features of sound-producing devices, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

84,	Music, subclasses 380+ for wood-wind instruments, and 387+ for brass-wind instruments.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, subclasses 204+ for a whistle; and subclasses 207+ for a vibratory reed sounder.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 25]

Bells:

This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Devices include means for the periodic actuation of bells.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

150,	for swinging bells.
151,	for pneumatically actuated bells.
167,	for fixed bells with pivoted striker.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 392.1+ for electrically operated percussion type sound producers, such as bells.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 26]

NAUTICAL:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices include miscellaneous signaling systems, devices, or methods especially adapted for use at sea.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

18,	and 19, for code-signaling from or to ships.
22+,	for periodic ship-signals.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 984+ for electrical nautical signaling.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 27]

Submarine:

This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Devices includes means for the mechanical production and reception of sound-vibrations transmitted through bodies of water.

(1) Note. The subclass does not include ordinary signals devised for use upon submarine vessels nor electric undersea signal devices.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

114,	Ships, subclasses 327+ for submarine vessels.
367,	Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave System and Devices, subclasses 131+ for electrical underwater communication systems, such as compressional waves systems.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 28]

VEHICLE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Signals, indicators, and alarms especially adapted by structure for use upon or in connection with vehicles.

(1) Note. Those intended for railway use and provided for in Class 246, Railway Switches and Signals, are excluded.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33,	Geometrical Instruments, subclass 264 for vehicle alignment.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 61.27+ , 61.54+, and 61.87 to 61.91 for signal type switches used in connection with vehicles.
246,	Railway Switches and Signals, (see Note 1).
250,	Radiant Energy, subclass 462.1 for self-luminous signaling means.
280,	Land Vehicles, subclasses 93.5+ for a general utility land vehicle including occupant controlled steering having monitoring or indicating means thereof or subclasses 288.4+ for attachments or accessories of a general utility occupant propelled-type land vehicle which may be signaling or indicating means.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 907+ for electrically operated signal systems utilized in connection with traffic or vehicles.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 28.1]

28.1

Transmission indicator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Devices wherein the indicator indicates the position of a shift lever.

(1) Note. The indicator is for any type of vehicle.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 29]

Station indicators:

This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Indicators usually of the pointer-and-dial or pointer-and-scale type which indicate the station or street where the vehicle will make the next stop. The vehicle is usually a railway-car or a street-railway car, and the indicator-pointer is advanced by being geared to the car-axle or by an obstruction along the track or by manual operation by the conductor or other train employee.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

56+,	for vehicle energy actuated signals.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 370 for indicators operated in this same way for the same purpose and which are of the type having a window at which words or numbers are made to appear.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 30]

Car and train markers:

This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Visual devices usually lights, flags, or display devices, marking the tail ends of cars or trains or giving signals to trains ahead or following or other information relating to a car or train.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, appropriate subclasses for sign and plate holders.
248,	Supports, for supports for train-markers and lanterns.
362,	Illumination, subclass 253 for illuminating means combined with signs and plate holders.

31	Steering-wheel-position indicators:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Devices to indicate to the operator the position of the steering-wheels of the vehicle.

[List of Patents for class 116 subclass 32]

Collision-released identification tags:

This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Devices include license-tags, checks, or other means for identifying a vehicle, with means for automatically dropping or discharging them when the vehicle strikes a person or other object.

(1) Note. The mere presence of indicia upon the checks is not sufficient to exclude the patent from this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

221,	Article Dispensing, subclass 12 for article dispensers not otherwise provided for, having automatic control of article releasing outlet closures and see also subclass 13 for such dispensers having automatic control of discharge assistant operation.

33	Theft preventing: