This class comprises special machines, processes, blanks,
and dies for making tools, many of which are designated by the subclass
titles, while the remainder are to be found in the proper miscellaneous
subclasses.
The class includes mechanisms for sharpening various cutting-tools
by the removal of the stock adjacent to the edge of the same by
a cutting or filing action as distinguished from an abrading action.
Mechanism for sharpening harrow-disks, etc., are included in this
class because of their analogy to the other types of cutting sharpeners
(see Subclass References to This Class, below).
This class also includes machines and processes for making
dies, whether to be used as hand-operated implements or in forging
or other machines.
General operation machines, though adapted by the substitution
of special tool-forming dies to form tools, are classified in the
general operation classes.
SECTION II - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses for a process or an apparatus for
shaping metal by merely deforming it, e.g., twisting a drill bit
or rolling a saw blank, or the same including cutting; and
subclasses 462+ for a tool, e.g., a die, per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Machines for cutting away the material of the auger-bit
adjacent to the cutting edge to give clearance to the blade and
also machines for forming the cutting-lips of the bit.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Machine specifically adapted to change a member having some
of the physical characteristics of a drill (i.e., a drill blank)
to a member having the physical characteristics of a drill; or (2)
to make the cutting of a drill of better shape for cutting.
This subclass is indented under subclass 5.1. Machine comprising changing a drill blank to a drill by
the action of a pair of dies having opposite shape to that of the
desired drill, that move toward each other to effect shaping.
This subclass is indented under subclass 5.1. Machine comprising changing a drill blank to a drill by
the action of a fixed tool and a movable tool that moves toward
the fixed tool to shape the blank therebetween.
Machines for forging tool-heads which are provided with
eyes in which the handle is to be secured, also machines for piercing
the eyes, and machines for making hammers, picks, mattocks, and
hoes having eyes for the handles.
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Machines having plungers or dies adapted to be adjusted
in such a manner that ax-heads having different weights may be forged
in the same dies.
Machines adapted to forge and shape various tool-heads having
handle-sockets (not eyes), straps, or tangs, including hoes, shovels,
rakes, pitchforks, etc.
Machines for splitting tool-blanks, usually for the purpose
of forming the "straps" to which the handle is
secured. Also machines for splitting ax-polls for the insertion
of the steel bit.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous machines for forming the cutting ribs or teeth
of files and rasps.
(1)
Note. For electrolytic apparatus used to sharpen or resharpen
files, see Class 204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclasses
194+.
(2)
Note. For electrolytic processes for sharpening or resharpening
files, see Class 205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used
Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclass 664.
Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,
subclass 664 for electrolytic sharpening or resharpening of
a file or rasp.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines specially adapted to form rasping-teeth upon file-blanks,
usually by swaging up the teeth from the surface of the blank by means
of punches. These machines are usually characterized by mechanism
adapted to shift the bed or the tool in such a manner as to form the
teeth in staggered rows.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines which force up the file-ribs by means of a cutter
or punch which is actuated by pressure as distinguished from a blow.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines in which the cutter is raised against a spring
or weight by means of a trip-cam or other device, which upon release
causes the cutter to strike a blow upon the file-blank.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Machines in which the cutter is raised against a spring
or weight by means of a trip-cam, which upon release causes the
cutter to strike a blow upon the file-blank and which is provided
with means, usually automatic, for increasing or decreasing the
force of the blow in conformity to the width or thickness of the
file-blank as it is fed beneath the cutter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines in which the cutter is supported over the blank,
usually by a spring, and is struck by a hammer, generally power-operated.
This subclass is indented under subclass 17. Machines in which the cutter is supported over the blank,
usually by a spring, and is struck by a power-operated hammer, the
force of the blow being increased or diminished, usually automatically
in conformity to the width or thickness of the file-blank as it
is fed beneath the cutter.
Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus
for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing
ends to effect movement of the material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Mechanisms for feeding the blanks to the file cutting or
punching devices, comprising a screw-feed for advancing the blank
carriage or clamp.
Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,
subclass 664 for electrolytic sharpening or resharpening of
a file or rasp.
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1. Method of restoring previously sharpened cutting edges of
a file or rasp to sharp condition by application of a chemical that
modifies the surface characteristics thereof.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous apparatus for changing a saw blank into a
toothed saw blade or for treating a saw blade to make it more suitable
for sawing.
(1)
Note. A "saw blank" normally comprises
a metallic sheet having two generally parallel planar surfaces and
a perimeter; a "saw blade" is similar in structure
but has formed along at least a portion of the perimeter a series
of aligned cutting teeth intended to follow each other in a cutting
action.
(2)
Note. The apparatus of this subclass may ba a randomly manipulated
hand tool, i.e., a "device" or it may be a base mounted
structure, i.e., a "machine".
Abrading, for grinding to shape, generally, including sharpening
a drill or other tool, other than a saw. Note that abrading to
sharpen a saw, contrary to the general line between Class 76 and Class
451, is included in Class 76.
Machines for stretching and straightening saw-blades or
sections thereof for the purpose of reducing "buckled" portions
by means of a hammering action; also devices for supporting saws
upon anvils, thus adapting them to be stretched by a manually-operated
tool.
Machines in which saw-teeth are formed upon a blank by means
of a chisel, which, being forced into the edge of the blank cuts
and swages up the saw-teeth, also machines having chisel-cutters
adapted to shave the tooth, the line of movement of the cutter being
in the plane of the disk.
Machines for sharpening saws in which a file or sharpening
tool is positively guided in its reciprocation across the saw. The
patents in this subclass are mainly hand-operated devices.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines provided with reciprocating sharpening tools especially
adapted to sharpen gin-saws. These machines are usually characterized
by crossed files.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws by means of a
reciprocating file or tool in which the carriage supporting the
filing mechanism is automatically moved forward as the successive teeth
are sharpened.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines in which the saw-teeth are sharpened by a reciprocating
file or tool and which are provided with automatic means for feeding
the saw-clamp forward as the successive teeth are sharpened.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines in which the saw-teeth are sharpened by a reciprocating
file or tooth and which are provided with means for engaging the
teeth of the saw and feeding it forward as the successive teeth
are sharpened.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. File-holders having guides or indicators attached to and
carried by the file in its movement which show to the operator the
angle at which the file is being held.
Miscellaneous machines which sharpen the teeth of saws by
means of a rotary file, milling-tool, or abrading-tool, not classifiable
in the following subclasses.
Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, appropriate subclasses, for drilling machines which
feed the work or tool or both relative to one another along the
axis of rotation of the tool; and see the Notes thereto for other
machines in which a rotating tool is fed relative to work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines which sharpen the teeth of saws by means of a helical
or spiral file, cutter, or abrading devices.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines which sharpen saws by means of a rotary file or
abrading-disk having oblique or helical ribs adapted to engage the
teeth of the saw for the purpose of feeding the saw forward. The
disks or cutters in this class of machines usually have a section
broken away to permit the feeding of the saw.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws in which a rotary
file or abrading-tool carried by a pivoted gate or bracet is adapted
to be swung toward and from the saw-blade.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws in which a rotary
file or abrading-tool supported upon a sliding gate is adapted to
be reciprocated toward and from the saw-blade.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws by means of a
rotating file, cutter, or abrading-tool in which the saw is supported
upon a pivoted carriage and adapted to be swung against the rotating
tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening saws by means of a rotating file,
cutter or abrading-tool in which the saw is supported upon a sliding
carriage and is adapted to be reciprocated into contact with the
rotating tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines which remove the metal at the bases of saw-teeth
to lengthen the teeth by means of milling-cutters. This subclass
also includes machines having annular cutters.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Filing, grinding, or other disks or cutters especially adapted
for sharpening and gumming saw-teeth. This subclass includes spiral
files.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Machines and implements in which devices for truing, the
teeth of saws by side-dressing or making the teeth of uniform length
are combined with a gage which is adapted to determine the relative
length of the teeth or the amount of set of the teeth.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Furbishing apparatus for (1) making the side surface of
aligned teeth of the saw blade touch a common plane parallel with
the plane of a planar surface of the blade; or (2) making the teeth
of a desired common height.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Devices specially adapted to true the teeth of circular
saws in such a manner that the points of all the teeth will lie
in the circumference of a circle; also devices for truing the sides
of the teeth of saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Machines and implements for shaping and truing the points
and sides of the teeth of saws by swaging. These machines are generally adapted
to be used on circular saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Machines having rotary cutting or abrading devices for truing
the points and sides of the teeth of saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Furbishing for making the side surface of aligned teeth
of a saw blade touch a common plane parallel with the plane of a
planar surface of the blade; wherein the blade comprises a flexible,
endless ribbon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Miscellaneous implements, machines, and processes for widening
the points of the teeth of saws, not classifiable in the following
subclasses. This subclass also includes devices for "knocking
down" the points of the teeth of saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Machines for widening the points of the teeth of saws by
means of camfaced swages, the swages being in many instances provided
with rollers. These machines are used for sharpening or renewing
the teeth of saws. This subclass also includes cam-swaging machines
for "knocking down" the points of teeth and for swaging
the raker-teeth of crosscut-saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Machines for swaging the teeth of saws in which the tooth
is supported upon an anvil and a punch normally supported in proper
position over the anvil, usually by a spring, is adapted to be struck
by a hammer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Implements for swaging the teeth of saws, usually "punches",
having properly formed swaging-faces adapted to be held in the hand
and struck by a hammer; also tools for "knocking down" the
points of the saw-teeth.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Specially-formed anvils upon which the saw tooth is held
by means of clamps or otherwise and the tooth swaged by being struck
with a hammer or a punch held in the hand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Miscellaneous machines, implements, and processes for bending
the teeth of saws laterally in order to give proper clearance in
the cut or kerf made by the saw.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Machines in which the teeth of the saw are given set by
means of a rotary set--as, for example, toothed or corrugated rolls
or disks.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Machines in which the tooth-setting devices are forced into
engagement with the teeth by means of a screw.
Instruments having pivotally-mounted sets adapted to act
upon a plurality of teeth simultaneously. They are usually for
simultaneously bending adjacent teeth in opposite directions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Hand implements in the form of pliers in which the set or
punch is carried by a pivoted arm which is actuated by one of the
plier-handles.
Machines in which a set or punch carried upon a pivoted
arm is adapted to be struck by a hammer to give set to a tooth held
upon a properly formed anvil.
Machines and implements having slidably-mounted sets adapted
to act upon a plurality of teeth simultaneously. These devices
are usually for simultaneously bending adjacent teeth in opposite
directions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Hand implements in the form of pliers in which a slidably-mounted
set is actuated by one of the pivoted handles.
Machines in which a set slidably supported, usually by means
of a spring, is adapted to be struck by a hammer to give set to
a tooth held upon a suitably formed anvil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Machines and implements having means for engaging or embracing
the tooth, the lateral (or oscillating) movement of the device serving
to bend the tooth to the proper set without the cooperation of an
anvil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Bevel-faced anvils upon which the saw is laid and the teeth
bent to conform to the beveled face of the anvil by being struck
by a manually-operated hammer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Devices adapted to support and guide saws to sharpening,
dressing, or setting mechanisms. These guides are usually used
to support band saws.
Work Holders, appropriate subclasses. Class 269 is the residual
locus for patents to a device for clamping, supporting and/or
holding an article (or articles) in position to be operated on or
treated. See notes thereunder for other related loci.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Mechanisms adapted to feed the saw-blank or saw to mechanisms
for operating upon the same, not classifiable in the following subclasses.
Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus
for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing
ends to effect movement of the material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Mechanisms for feeding a clamp which holds the saw or saw-blank
to the devices which operate upon the saw blade or teeth.
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Mechanisms for feeding the saw to the devices which operate
upon the saw handle or teeth, which comprise a reciprocating pawl
or other means for engaging successive teeth of the saw to feed
the saw forward.
This subclass is indented under subclass 78.1. Clamps and vises for holding circular saws during their
manufacture or while being sharpened. Includes, mainly, clamps
applied to the center of the saw, but also includes other forms of
clamps having special attachments for centering the saw.
Metal Working,
subclasses 423+ for a process of assembling, generally: particularly
subclass 559 for a method of holding work not provided for elsewhere.
Work Holders, for a device for holding a workpiece being modified,
generally. Class 269 is the residual locus of device for holding
material while that material is modified.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Apparatus for making the cutting edge of a tooth element
of a better shape for cutting, wherein the tooth is one of a series
pivotally connected together to follow one another in cutting.
Miscellaneous devices and machines having a fibrous (i.e.,
leather, cloth, wood, etc.) working surface for sharpening razor
blades and similar cutlery by application of the work thereto.
Cutlery,
subclasses 35+ when razor features, such as means for securing the
blade in operative relation to a gauge or guard that protects the
skin from cuts, are claimed.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 473 for a plural layer web or sheet including a leather
layer and adapted for use as a strop, and subclass 904 (a cross-reference
art collection) for an artificial leather product or stock material.
Abrading,
subclasses 169 , 316, and 318 for a stropping machine; subclasses
461+ and 526+ for a sharpener having a stropping
surface and an abrading surface; subclass 459 for a strop renewing
device; and subclasses 490+ for an abrasive surface adapted to
sharpen a tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein the sharpening device is wound, folded or
otherwise reduced in overall dimension for storage purposes and/or
stored in a receptacle provided therefor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81.3. Device wherein storage is caused by a means which urges
the strop to its position of confinement within the receptacle,
such as a spring-actuated reel or a counter-weight.
Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
subclasses 371+ for a spring power reeling device and subclasses
390+ for other motor powered reeling devices used to wind
and unwind elongated material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein the sharpening device is provided with means
on one extreme for the purpose of suspension (i.e., hook, eye, etc.).
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein said working surface is disclosed as following
an arcuate or closed curved path during the sharpening operation.
Miscellaneous devices and machines for sharpening cutters
by removing the material of the cutter adjacent to the edge by cutting,
filing, or chipping, as distinguished from abrading or swaging.
There are a few patents for scissors-sharpeners, the action of which
is somewhat analogous to swaging sharpeners.
Metal Working,
subclasses 76.1+ for machines and processes for filing metal, which
may be defined as cutting metal by a hard instrument having its
surface or surfaces sharply ridged.
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Disk-sharpening devices, including cutting or filing tools
adapted to be rotated about the disk or against which the disk is
rotated. This subclass comprises, mainly, devices for sharpening
harrow disks.
(1)
Note. See this class, subclass 89.2 for devices for sharpening
harrow disks, etc., by swaging by rolls or otherwise.
Devices comprising a plurality of converging cutting or
filing blades, the article to be sharpened being passed between
them, thereby having stock removed from both sides of the blade adjacent
to the edge thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Devices comprising a plurality of cutting disks or files,
such disks being arranged in such a manner that the circumferences
of the disks are tangent to the same line or overlap one another.
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Devices for sharpening cutters comprising an edged blade
or a file against which the article to be sharpened is directed
by means of a guide usually angularly disposed relative to the blade.
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Devices for sharpening cutters in which the article to be
sharpened is directed against a disk cutter or file by means of
a guide.
Machines, devices and processes for serrating the metal
adjacent to the edges of cutters, the serrations extending in most
instances across the beveled portion of the blade and obliquely to
the edge.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Invention comprising stock material having some of the physical
characteristics of a desired tool; or comprising a method of modifying
such stock material to make it into a desired tool.
(1)
Note. Included herein is a blank for, or process of making
a work holder, if not provided for elsewhere.
Metal Working,
subclasses 428+ for a process of assembling and joining, generally;
particularly subclass 559 for a method of holding work not provided
for elsewhere.
Metal Deforming, for shaping metal, generally (which may be combined with
cutting). The operation of Class 72 may prepare a tool blank, but
is not restricted an operation of converting such a blank into a
tool.
Metal Fusion Bonding,
subclasses 101+ for a process generally, which may include tool
making, including only such step or steps as is necessary for the
formation of a single joint by soldering, brazing, or welding.
Work Holders, for a device for holding a workpiece being modified,
generally. Class 269 is the residual locus of a device for holding
material while that material is modified.
Gear Cutting, Milling or Planing,
subclasses 66+ for process of milling a thread or helix into a
workpiece (as in forming a drill bit blank, a thread cutting tap,
or a thread cutting die).
Powder Metallurgy Processes, for a method of making a blank of general utility from
metal or alloy powders by sintering, especially
subclasses 10+ for such a method performed upon a composition
which is particularly suited for use as a die, drill, or cutting tool,
in general.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 544+ for stock material, generally, e.g., for indefinite length
stock material of metal or having a metallic component; especially subclass
599 for metallic stock having both thickness and nonthickness surfaces
of defined configuration, and subclass 602 for metallic stock material
whose symmetrical shape varies in thickness longitudinally.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Processes for making the heads of axes, adzes, hammers,
and hatchets (mainly wood-working-tools), also blanks specially
adapted to be made into such tools.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Blank or process comprising stock material for, or a method
of making an article commonly known as "cutlery".
(1)
Note. "Cutlery" includes a knife, scissors,
hand shears, a fork or a spoon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.1. Processes for making metallic table forks and spoons, also
patents upon blanks specially adapted to be made into such articles.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.1. Processes for making hollow handles of articles of cutlery,
also making articles of cutlery having hollow handles, also blanks
specially adapted to be formed into such articles.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.1. Blank or process comprising stock material for, or a method
of, making a cutting device intended to be manually supported during
operation, which device includes a pair of cutting blades that move
adjacent to and past each other to sever a workpiece therebetween
by a shearing action.
(1)
Note. A pair of scissors is included in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Blank or process comprising stock material for, or method
of, making an instrumentality for engaging a workpiece and directly
performing work thereon.
(1)
Note. "Die" includes a tool of a metal-forging
machine, a metal shaping machine, stencil punching machine, metal
shaping machine, stencil punching machine, metal-ornamenting machine, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107.1. Blank or process comprising stock material for, or method
of, making a tool having an aperture through which work is pulled
to treat that work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107.1. Blank or process comprising stock material for, or method
of, making a tool having relatively small, apertures through which
flowable material is extruded to form strands of product.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107.1. Blank or process comprising stock material for, or method
of, making a tool having a cutting edge extending along a first
plane and having a force receiving edge extending along a second plane
that is parallel with the first plane, said tool being made of a
strip of sheet metal with the cutting edge at one edge, the force
receiving edge at an opposing edge wherein the sheet like dimension
of the tool extends normally to the first and second plane.
(1)
Note. The die made from the blank of this subclass or by
the method of this subclass may be used in a "clicker die" press
and is similar in structure to some cookie cutters.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107.1. Invention comprising stock material for, or method of, making
a tool intended to turn about an axis and cut a workpiece by relative rotation
and relative axial movement therewith.
(1)
Note. Including herein the making of a metal cutting, wood
cutting, or stone cutting drill.
Gear Cutting, Milling or Planing,
subclass 66 , for a process of milling a thread or helix on
a workpiece, such as in making a drill bit, wherein the operation
is not restricted to making of a tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108.1. Invention comprising a stock material for, or method of
making a drill intended to penetrate the earth to access fluid therein.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108.1. Invention comprising stock material for, or a method of,
making a drill having a solid center and a helically spiralled marginal
extent revolved thereabout, and having a radially extending web
that continuously connect the solid center and the helically spiraled
marginal extent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Processes for making hand-operated lock keys, also patents
upon blanks for making keys.
(1)
Note. It does not include processes for making watch keys,
which are to be found in this class, subclass 114, nor does it include
processes for making keys for holding pinions on shafts, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Processes for making metallic tools having teeth or tines
to be used for heavy work, comprising pitchforks, manure-forks,
garden-rakes, potato-rakes, etc., also blanks specially adapted to
be made into such articles.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Processes for making saws, including forming saw-teeth,
sharpening, gumming, stretching, and setting and patching saws etc.,
also blanks for saw-blades, patches for cracked blades, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Processes for making shovels, spades, scoops, etc., also
blanks specially adapted to be made into such articles.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Processes for making wrenches, including watch and clock
keys, also blanks specially adapted to be made into such articles.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Invention comprising stock material for, or a method of,
making a work engaging member having a sharp cutting edge, which
member is of generally circular configuration about a center axis,
and is intended to turn about that axis to cut a workpiece.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Invention comprising stock material for, or a method of,
making a work cutting member of relatively thin metallic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Invention including utilization of a threaded member to
cut or impress a helical shape on the outer surface of a rod-like
blank, or on the inner surface of a pipe-like blank.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Invention comprising stock material for, or a method of,
making a tool having a sharp cutting blade intended to be manually
supported in the hands of an operative and manipulated to swing
just above the ground with the cutting edge generally parallel to
the ground to sever grass or other small stem plants growing therefrom.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101.1. Invention comprising stock material for, or a method of,
making a tool intended, when in use, to be supported by hand or
hands of an operative.
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