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 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 244]   CLASS 244,AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class contains and is limited to:

1. Machines or structures adapted to be completely or partially sustained by the air (e.g., winged aircraft, helicopters, parachutes, kites, balloons, etc.),

2. Machines or structures adapted to be propelled and guided or stabilized through the air (e.g., projectiles with fins, guided missiles, etc.),

3. Machines or structures adapted to be placed in an orbit or which substantially operate outside the earth"s atmosphere (e.g., satellites, space vehicles, etc.),

4. Subcombinations of the machines or structures of 1-3, above, not classified elsewhere (guidance and control, aircraft structures, etc.),

5. Devices ancillary to the use of the machines or structures of 1-3 above, not classified elsewhere (e.g., mooring devices, etc.), and

6. Processes or methods peculiarly related to 1-5 above and not provided for elsewhere.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

This class excludes toy or model aeronautical devices unless the invention is such that it also applies logically to full sized devices for actual use in carrying persons or cargo. For toy or model airplanes, etc., see Class 446, Amusement Devices: Toys, subclass 56.

This class excludes motor vehicles for travel on land or water, and which vehicles are supported above said land or water by a relatively thin cushion of air between the vehicle and the land or water, such cushion of air being generated by the motor vehicle (e.g., ground effect machines). For a motor vehicle of the surface effect type, see Class 180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 116+.

This class provides, in subclasses 76+, the generic subclass for the automatic steering of mobile craft in two or three dimensions. See subclasses 175+ where the control apparatus includes electrical devices or apparatus. See the search notes to these subclasses for the other subclasses which provide for motion and/or steering control and a statement as to the line between the classes.

Arrangements of aircraft to permit their handling by hoists are found in this class, subclass 1. For similar arrangements on other articles, see Class 220, Receptacles, subclass 1.5+ and Class 294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclass 74, and indented subclasses.

Gas cells or balloon envelope distinguished only by the coating on, or by the structure of the fabric or textile are placed in Class 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses; see especially subclasses 175+, 190, 193, and 196+ for a single or plural layer sheet or web embodying mechanically interengaged strands (e.g., weave or knit), and subclasses 411.1+ for a composite, web or sheet characterized only by the composition of the layers.

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89Ordnance,   subclasses 1.51+ for bomb flare and signal dropping and subclass 37.16 for gun mounts on aircraft.
102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclasses 337+ for parachute flares, subclass 387 for parachute-carried drop bombs, subclass 405 for aerial mines, and subclasses 504+ for parachute-containing projectiles.
104Railways,   subclass 23.1 for airplanes attached to or running on tracks.
123Internal-Combustion Engines,   subclasses 41.56+ for devices for cooling internal combustion engines by means of air including cowling devices for the engines to provide for directing the cooling air against the engine parts to be cooled and subclasses 41.63+ for combinations of impellers with driving means are ordinarily classified in Class
414Material or Article Handling,   subclasses 227+ for storage and handling means for vehicles.
415Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps,   subclasses 8+ for combinations of impellers with driving means.
416Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers),   appropriate subclasses for impellers such as traction propellers, pusher propellers, helicopter and freely rotating rotors as well as these impellers combined with their driving means, whether recited, per se, or in combination with such aircraft structure as is necessary to mount the impellers.
434Education and Demonstration,   subclass 111 , 186, and 239+ for devices for training in the use of navigational instruments or for such devices when combined with training devices for aircraft operation, per se.
442Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth, etc.),   subclasses 181+ and 304+ for a woven or knit fabric.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 1]    1MISCELLANEOUS:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Aeronautical machines and devices not otherwise classifiable.
(1) Note. Instruments and indicators incorporated with aircraft structure are found here.
(2) Note. for instruments and indicators, per se, see the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33Geometrical Instruments,   appropriate subclasses for instruments and indicators, per se,
73Measuring and Testing,   appropriate subclasses for instruments and indicators, per se,
116Signals and Indicators,   appropriate subclasses for instruments and indicators, per se,
343Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,   subclass 707 for trailing-type antennas with aircraft.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 2]    2COMPOSITE AIRCRAFT:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compound aeronautical machines consisting of two or more complete machines of the same or different types acting together to provide a single result or to be mutually interdependent. This subclass also includes aeronautical machines combined with complete land or water vehicles, which may be separable from the aeronautical machine for independent operation during its use as a land or water vehicle.
(1) Note. This subclass includes complete aeronautical machines cooperating with other complete aeronautical machines to provide landing or launching facilities on one machine for the other.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

50,for aircraft operable as land or water craft.
63,for launching of aircraft not claiming the combination of a lifting or propulsive aircraft.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

258Railway Mail Delivery,   subclass 1.2 for load pick-up or release by an aircraft in flight and see the reference to this class (244) for the line.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3]    3Trains:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Compound aeronautical machines comprising two or more complete machines of the same or different types, arranged in tandem, and attached together so that one may tow or propel the others, or arranged to cooperate to provide sustentation and propulsion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

40Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,   subclass 215 for devices for attaching signs to aircraft so that they may be towed thereby.
105Railway Rolling Stock,   subclasses 1.4+ for railway trains.
180Motor Vehicles,   subclasses 14.1+ for motor vehicle trains.
280Land Vehicles,   subclasses 400+ for miscellaneous vehicle trains, these subclasses having draft devices, per se, even though disclosed solely for towing one aircraft from another.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.1]    3.1MISSILE STABILIZATION OR TRAJECTORY CONTROL:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter including means which operates inherently to compensate for undesired changes in attitude or which operates to affect the trajectory or course of an unmanned aerial missile.
(1) Note. The term "missile" in the above definition includes: (a): (1) a device explosively propelled through and from the barrel of a gun or (2) a device carrying an explosive which explosive when actuated either (a) detonates to destroy or damage the carrying device, or (b) burns or combusts within the carrying device to (1) release the products of combustion to the atmosphere, or (2) generate a gas to eject an object or substance from the carrying device, or (3) generate heat within the carrying device which damage or partly damages the carrying device; (b) a device having a payload and an attached reaction motor for propelling payload through the earth"s atmosphere. The reaction motor comprises a means for producing a motive fluid and a means for ejecting said fluid (see 1-8 Notes Class 60, Power Plants, subclasses 200.1+).
(2) Note. This definition excludes aircraft which are sustained by air. For such subject matter see this class, subclasses 4+.
(3) Note. Where the "missile" is disclosed as having utility for manned flight the patent is excluded under this definition and is classified in this class, subclasses 75.1- 99.9.
(4) Note. Where the "missile" (manned or unmanned) is (1) disclosed as a body which is to be placed in orbit around the earth (i.e., satellite) or (2) solely disclosed as a vehicle for use in outer space interplanetary travel, it is classified in this class, subclass 1.
(5) Note. This definition excludes explosive devices designed to be dropped from the air or watercraft on an objective below, known as "drop bombs". Such subject matter is classified in Class 102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclasses 382+.
(6) Note. This definition excludes a missile having a payload for display or amusement (e.g., fireworks or toy novelties) with a reaction motor driven by the products of combustion. Pyrotechnic rockets are classified in Class 102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclasses 347+.
(7) Note. This definition further excludes a pyrotechnic (firework creating flash, noise or smoke) device of general utility having a vane, a wing, parachute, balloon or propeller. Such subject matter is classified in Class 102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclasses 335+ and 367+.
(8) Note. This definition further excludes a rocket having a toy, amusement or display (nonpyrotechnic) payload with a reaction motor driven by other than products of combustion. Such a rocket is classified in Class 446, Amusement Devices: Toys, subclass 56.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

700Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications,   subclasses 1 through 89for generic data processing control systems.
701Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location,   subclasses 3+ for computer systems for vehicle control or vehicle condition indication and subclasses 200+ for computations in the application of navigation.
703Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation,   subclass 8 for mathematical simulation of a vehicle.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.11]    3.11Remote control:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Subject matter comprising means whereby the attitude or the trajectory of the missile is controlled from a command source originating at a point remote from the missile.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclass 384 for remote control of drop bombs.
318Electricity: Motive Power Systems,   appropriate subclasses for remotely controlled electric motors, particularly subclass 16 for motors controlled by space transmitted electromagnetic or electrostatic energy, subclass 128 for reciprocating motor and subclass 460 for motors in general controlled by sound, supersonic waves or vibration, subclass 471 for motors controlled by infra red or heat waves and subclass 480, for motors controlled by radiant energy (light waves).
398Optical Communications,   subclasses 106 through 114for remote control communication systems utilizing light waves.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.12]    3.12Trailing wire:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.11.  Subject matter comprising a wire connected between a moving missile and the command source and used to convey a signal to control the attitude or the flight path of the missile.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.13]    3.13Beam rider:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.11.  Subject matter in which the missile is directed to a target by a beam of electromagnetic wave energy which is transmitted from the command source to the target.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

3.14,for remote control systems wherein the command source transmits a radio frequency control signal to the missile.
3.19,for automatic guidance systems for missiles with means for detecting radio waves and having a communication link to the command source in the missile.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

342Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation),   subclasses 385+ for directive beacons.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.14]    3.14Radio wave:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.11.  Subject matter in which the command source transmits a radio frequency control signal to the missile.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

3.13,for systems wherein the missile is directed to a target by a beam of electromagnetic wave energy from the command source.
3.19,for missiles provided with means for detecting radio waves and having a communication link to the command source in the missile.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

318Electricity: Motive Power Systems,   subclass 16 for electric motors supplied or controlled by space transmitted electromagnetic or electrostatic energy (e.g., radio waves).
340Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 539.1 through 539.32for alarm systems including a radio link, subclass 825 for selective and remote electrical control systems, subclass 825.72 for remote control utilizing radio waves, and subclasses 870.01-870.44 for telemetering systems.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.15]    3.15Automatic guidance:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Subject matter wherein the trajectory or stability of the missile is controlled by a command signal originating inside the missile.
(1) Note. The command signal inside the missile may depend upon some source outside the missile which is radiating energy but which is not varied for the purpose of influencing the missile. For example, the source may be wave energy from the sun, the stars, the earth"s magnetic field, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

76+,for automatic guidance systems for fluid sustained or manned aircraft.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

700Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications,   subclasses 1 through 89for generic data processing control systems.
701Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location,   subclasses 3+ for computing systems for vehicle control or vehicle condition indication and subclasses 200+ for computations in the application of navigation.
703Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation,   subclass 8 for mathematical simulation of a vehicle.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.16]    3.16Optical (includes infrared):
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.15.  Subject matter in which means are provided for detecting light waves (includes visible and infrared rays) and a communication link is provided between the detecting means and the command source in the missile.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclass 384 for drop bombs having direction controlling means which may include a detector sensitive to infrared or visible rays.
250Radiant Energy,   subclasses 203.1+ for tracking objects by means of visible or infrared light rays.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.17]    3.17Optical correlation:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.16.  Subject matter in which the light rays are compared with a record located inside the missile (e.g., a film strip or photograph).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250Radiant Energy,   subclasses 548 and 559.01+ for optical or prephotocell systems having a web, or a web strand in the optical path, and subclasses 555+ for a record in the optical path.
342Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation),   subclass 5 for such systems where the record is a radar map.
356Optics: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 429+ for the monitoring of webs for variations in the response of the webs to visible light.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.18]    3.18Celestial navigation:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.16.  Subject matter in which the light rays emanate from a celestial body (e.g., star, sun).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

73Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 178+ for navigation systems in general.
250Radiant Energy,   subclasses 203.1+ for optical systems for following a point (e.g., a star).
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.19]    3.19Radio wave:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.15.  Subject matter in which means are provided for detecting radio waves and a communication link is provided between the detecting means and the command source in the missile.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

3.13,for missiles that are directed to a target by a beam of electromagnetic energy from a command source.
3.14,for remote control systems wherein a command transmits a radio frequency control signal to the missile.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

342Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation),   appropriate subclasses for radio wave communication systems, especially subclass 417 for direction finding receivers. See Class 343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclasses 700+ for radio wave antennas.
455Telecommunications,   subclasses 130+ for radio receivers.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.2]    3.2Inertial:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.15.  Subject matter in which automatic guidance is achieved by means of self-contained automatic controlling devices that respond to acceleration producing forces.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

79,for automatic aircraft control by gyroscopic means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33Geometrical Instruments,   subclasses 316+ and 318+ for direction sensing and indicating devices utilizing a gyroscope.
73Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 178+ for navigation systems which may use inertial guidance systems.
74Machine Element or Mechanism,   subclasses 5+ for gyroscopes.
114Ships,   for underwater torpedoes with a gyroscopic controlled steering mechanisms.
318Electricity: Motive Power Systems,   subclass 457 for electric motor control systems utilizing inertia-type detectors.
701Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location,   subclass 220 for navigational applications which include an inertial sensor.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.21]    3.21Attitude control mechanisms:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.15.  Subject matter wherein a mechanism for controlling missile attitude is actuated.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

1,for such mechanisms used with space vehicles.
76+,for such mechanisms used with fluid sustained or manned aerial vehicles.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclass 384 for such mechanisms used with drop bombs.
114Ships,   subclass 23 for such mechanisms used with underwater torpedoes.
318Electricity: Motive Power Systems,   subclasses 580+ for position servomechanisms for single axis vehicular guidance systems, and subclasses 648+ for position servomechanisms responsive to inertial, direction or inclination measuring instruments.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.22]    3.22Fluid reaction type:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.21.  Subject matter in which the mechanism for controlling attitude comprises a fluid reaction jet.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

60Power Plants,   subclasses 228+ for reaction motors with a thrust direction modifier.
102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclasses 347+ for pyrotechnic skyrockets and subclasses 374+ for missile with propelling charge.
114Ships,   subclass 151 for ships with fluid jet-type steering means.
440Marine Propulsion,   subclasses 44+ for marine propulsion means of the explosive jet type.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.23]    3.23Stabilized by rotation:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Apparatus wherein the missile is rotated about its longitudinal axis during the flight of said missile for maintaining stability by means on the missile which reacts with the atmosphere (e.g., fin, etc.) or a fluid reaction jet issuing from said missile.
(1) Note. This definition excludes a "missile" where the sole means to rotate it is the coaction between pregrooved rifling band and a rifled barrel and the engraved grooves on the band are disclosed for the purpose of reacting with the atmosphere to aid in the rotation of the missile, such a missile is classified in Class 102, Ammunition and Explosive Devices, along with conventional rifling bands which may inherently perform the same function.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

60Power Plants,   subclasses 228+ for a reaction motor having thrust direction modifying means.
102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclass 348 for pyrotechnic rockets having vane of fin structure and subclass 339 for pyrotechnic rockets with means to cause rotation of the rocket by gas discharge.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.24]    3.24Externally mounted stabilizing appendage (e.g., fin):
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Subject matter where the stabilizing means is an external aerodynamic surface mounted on the missile.
(1) Note. Nominally recited fin structure on a missile is excluded from this subclass, and is classified in the appropriate missile subclass in Class 102, Ammunition and Explosives.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

34+,for such surfaces on a fluid sustained or manned aerial vehicle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

114Ships,   subclasses 23+ for underwater torpedoes with steering mechanism and subclasses 144+ for ship steering mechanisms in general.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.25]    3.25Removable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.24.  Subject matter wherein the stabilizing surface is removed during the flight of the missile.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.26]    3.26Sliding:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.24.  Subject matter wherein the stabilizing means as a unit is movable along the longitudinal axis of the missile from a first position to a second position.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.27]    3.27Collapsible:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.24.  Subject matter wherein the stabilizing surface moves from a collapsed position to an open position.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.28]    3.28Longitudinally rotating:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.27.  Subject matter wherein the stabilizing surface rotates about an axis perpendicular to an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the missile.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.29]    3.29Radially rotating:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.27.  Subject matter wherein the stabilizing surface rotates about an axis parallel to the missile axis.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 3.3]    3.3Extending beyond rear of missile:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.24.  Subject matter wherein the stabilizing surface is mounted to extend beyond the rear of the missile.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 4]    4AIRCRAFT, HEAVIER-THAN-AIR:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Miscellaneous aeronautical machines which ordinarily weigh more than the air which they displace, and depend therefore on some aerodynamic action for their sustentation. This includes combination types not provided for below.
(1) Note. This subclass also includes machines strapped directly to the body of a person, but propelled by mechanical means.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 5]    5Airplanes, weight diminished by bouyant gas:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines sustained by aerodynamic action on airfoils, having also provision for continuous or temporary additional sustentation by buoyant gas.
(1) Note. For airships partially sustained by airplane wings, see this class, subclass 25.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 6]    6Airplane and helicopter sustained:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines having provision for sustentation in part or entirely by aerodynamic action on airfoils in fixed relation to the machines, having also provision for sustentation or vertical lift by means of screw propellers arranged to develop a substantial component of thrust in a vertical direction.
(1) Note. For helicopters without airplane wings, see this class, subclasses 17.11+.
(2) Note. For lighter-than-air craft partially sustained by helicopter propellers, see this class, subclass 26.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 7]    7Convertible:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Aeronautical machines , which may be altered so that the major sustaining agency is either the aerodynamic action upon airfoils in fixed relation to the machine or the vertical component of thrust developed by screw propellers. This includes machines which are designed to be operated without change, either as airplanes or as helicopters, and also machines in which some parts of their arrangement are altered for this purpose.
(1) Note. Aeronautical machines sustained at all times by both airplane and helicopter action, but providing for slight variations in the effect of one or the other sustaining agency, are classified in this class, subclass 6.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 8]    8Airplane and auto-rotating wing sustained:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines having provision for sustentation in part or entirely by aerodynamic action on airfoils in fixed relation to the machines, and having also sustaining elements having radially extending airfoil blades, the sustaining elements being rotatable about substantially vertical axes by the reaction of the relative wind on the airfoil blades.
(1) Note. For machines having only auto-rotating wings for sustentation, see this class, subclasses 17.11+.
(2) Note. For the rotating sustaining wings, per se, see this class, subclass 39.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 9]    9Airplane and paddle wheel sustained:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines having provision for sustentation in part or entirely by aerodynamic action on airfoils in fixed relation to the machines, having also provision for sustentation or vertical lift by the downward thrust developed by rotating paddle wheels. These paddle wheels may also provide a part or all of the forward propulsion.
(1) Note. For machines sustained by paddle wheels alone, see this class, subclasses 19 and 20.
(2) Note. For airships partially sustained by paddle wheels, see this class, subclass 27.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 10]    10Airplane and cylindrical rotor sustained:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines having provision for sustentation in part or entirely by aerodynamic action on airfoils in fixed relation to the machines, having also provision for sustentation or vertical lift by substantially cylindrical members rotating about substantially horizontal axes and reacting with the relative wind to produce a downward component of thrust.
(1) Note. For machines sustained by cylindrical rotors alone, see this class, subclass 21.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 11]    11Airplane and beating wing sustained:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines having provision for sustentation in part or entirely by aerodynamic action on airfoils in fixed relation to the machines, having also provision for sustentation or vertical lift by the downward thrust developed by flapping or reciprocating blades attached to the machines. These blades may also be the propelling agents.
(1) Note. For machines sustained by beating wings alone, see this class, subclass 22.
(2) Note. For lighter-than-air craft partially sustained by beating wings, see this class, subclass 28.
(3) Note. For beating wing construction, per se, see this class, subclass 72.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 12.1]    12.1Airplane and fluid sustained:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines having provision for sustentation in part or entirely by aerodynamic action on airfoils in fixed relation to the machines, having also provision for the sustention by the reaction to the downward movement of restricted masses or jets by air or other fluid, the forward propulsion of the machines may also be derived from movement of the same or similar masses or jets of air or other fluid.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,for fluid propelled aircraft.
23,for aeronautical machines sustained solely by fluid reaction.
29,for lighter-than-air craft partially sustained by fluid reaction.
73+,for fluid propulsion and sustention devices, per se.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 12.2]    12.2Circular:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1.  Apparatus wherein the peripheral surface of either the aeronautical machine or the airfoil therefor is substantially in the form of a circle.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 12.3]    12.3Dual propulsion:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1.  Apparatus wherein the aeronautical machine comprises separate and distinct power plants or motive means, at least one of the motive means being used solely for forward or horizontal propulsion and at least one other motive means solely for lift or vertical propulsion.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 12.4]    12.4Thrust tilting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1.  Apparatus comprising an airfoil structure having an adjustable power plant or motive means thereon to provide a variable directional thrust to the machine, at least one component or direction of thrust being capable of providing lift to the machine.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

56,for a tiltable power plant mounted to the fuselage of an aeronautical machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 12.5]    12.5With thrust diverting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1.  Apparatus wherein there is provided means on the aeronautical machine adjustable to a position for deflecting the direction of travel of exhaust fluid produced by the motive means, the deflector means when positioned to deflect the exhaust fluid providing a vertical or lifting force to the aeronautical machine for vertical or short take-offs and landings (V/STOL).
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 12.6]    12.6Channel wing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1.  Apparatus wherein the airfoil fixed to the aeronautical machine is provided with an arched or other undulating configuration for confining, channeling or otherwise affecting, at least in part, the flow of sustention fluid therepast.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 13]    13Airplane sustained:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aeronautical machines sustained by aerodynamic action on airfoils in fixed relation to the machines.
(1) Note. For the shape and arrangement of sustaining airfoils with relation to the machine, see this class, subclass 35, and indented subclasses.
(2) Note. For the construction of aircraft of all types, see this class, subclass 117, and indented subclasses.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 14]    14Aerial torpedoes:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Aeronautical machines of the self-propelled airplane type which carry an explosive or other destructive charge to be set off or liberated by contact with a distant target or by the meeting of other desired conditions. These machines are ordinarily unmanned and are therefore controlled either automatically or by such means as radiant energy from a remote point. This subclass also includes devices of this same type performing useful rather than destructive work at a distance.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 15]    15Fluid propelled:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Aeronautical machines of the airplane type propelled by the reaction to the movement of restricted masses or jets of air or other fluids.
(1) Note. For the automatic control of aircraft and other mobile devices, see the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

73+,for other fluid propulsion devices on aircraft.
76+,for the automatic control of aircraft and other mobile devices, and note especially the classes referred to in the Notes to subclasses 76 and 175+.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

60Power Plants,   subclasses 200.1+ for reaction motors.
102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclass 405 , for aerial mines.
239Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,   subclasses 127.1+ and 265.11+ for the discharge nozzle subcombination of a reaction motor.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 16]    16Glider:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Aeronautical machines of the airplane type, having no mechanical propulsion and deriving their forward motion entirely from a component of the force of gravity along the line of flight.
(1) Note. For disclosure of similar machines, propelled by manual operated means, see this class, subclass 64.
  
[List of Patents for class 244 subclass 17.11]    17.11Helicopter or auto-rotating wing sustained, i.e., gyroplanes:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Aircraft which are sustained in the air by a thrust produced by one or more wings or blades rotating about a substantially vertical axis.
(1) Note. This type of aircraft is technically called a gyroplane and includes (1) helicopters, wherein the wings or blades are normally mechanically driven, and (2) the autorotating wing type, wherein the wings or blades rotate because of the aerodynamic forces acting on them due to the forward speed of the aircraft, the forward motion being caused by a tractor impeller, jet or other propulsion means.
(2) Note. The rotary wing may be provided with modifying means whereby the thrust is varied in intensity or direction.
(3) Note. This subclass and indented subclasses provide for a rotary wing which is significantly combined with the aircraft, i.e., when more structure of the aircraft is recited than is necessary to mount the propulsion or steering means. In the following instances, the aircraft is considered to be significantly recited: (a) Mounting or attachment of a motor or power plant to th