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 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 280]   CLASS 280,LAND VEHICLES
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class includes vehicles, adapted to travel on land and not elsewhere classified. The term "vehicle" includes some form of running gear as an essential element, which running gear usually supports a load carrier, but may support a load directly, and adapts the vehicle to move over a surface. The basic purpose of those devices commonly called vehicles is the carrying of a load, either freight or passengers, from one place to another. The idea of towing a load, as by locomotives, traction engines, or tractors, has also long been associated with the term "vehicle."

(1) Note. The term "vehicle" also includes devices that are for special purposes identical with those in which a form of running gear is an essential element, and further includes such attachments for vehicles as are not limited in their position to any particular part of the vehicle.
(2) Note. This class includes the combination between running gear and load carriers not otherwise classified.
(3) Note. The running gear of various portable machines is also included when the machine is not claimed or is claimed by name only and the running gear is capable of general use. However, when the claimed running gear is solely disclosed for an agricultural, earth working, or harvesting implement, proper classification is in the appropriate agricultural, earth working, or harvesting implement class, even without specific claimed limitations of such agricultural, earth working, or harvesting implement. See the class definition (Class 280), EARTH OR TRAVELED SURFACE, TRAVERSING AND WORKING OR TREATING DEVICES,and also subclass 400 herein, the (1) Note, directed to an articulated vehicle or plural interconnected vehicles (i.e., a vehicle train).
(4) Note. The relationship of vehicles which are primarily intended for transportation purposes to working devices of various types, which may or may not travel while performing their primary function, and to various related arts is discussed in the following search notes presented in the sequence of the following "OUTLINE OF NOTES".

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

Where the articulated vehicle is solely disclosed for use in an earth working or harvesting environment, the proper classification is in Class 172, Earth Working,. No specific recitation in the claims of an earth working implement or harvester is necessary to cause an assignment in Class 172. Thus, where the articulative feature is disclosed solely in the performance of an earth working or harvesting operation, the body of art is not collected in Class 280. See (3) Note in the Class Definition above

See References To Other Classes, below, for classes related to the following art areas:

A. COMBINED WITH EXTERNAL MEANS OR DEVICES:

1. Remote control;

2. With external loading or unloading means;

3. With rails or tracks

B. CONVERTIBLE:

1. To nonvehicular devices: (a. To work platforms; b. Miscellaneous);

2. To different types of vehicle

This class (Class 280) provides for general utility land vehicles having both wheels and runners; for velocipedes convertible to or from plural occupant forms; for velocipedes convertible to or from occupant propulsion; for miscellaneous convertible velocipedes; for general utility wheeled land vehicles convertible to nonvehicular devices; for vehicles convertible to work platforms including means interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running gear thereof for altering height or levelness or including vertical adjustment of a wheel upon the running gear; for tiltable, handle-propelled wheeled vehicles convertible to devices having no load transporting function; or miscellaneous convertible articulated vehicles. See Subclass References to the Class, below, for references to these areas.

C. EARTH OR TRAVELED SURFACE TRAVERSING AND WORKING OR TREATING DEVICES:

These devices commonly perform their main function of physically treating or affecting the surface while traveling and are equipped with running gear generally equivalent to the vehicular type. Portable or transportable machines having proximate function unrelated to transporting, supporting, or handling material or distributing material during traverse are seldom included in this class (Class 280), but will be found in the class appropriate to the type of work performed, e.g., agitating, ironing, comminuting, etc. However, subcombinations pertaining to the running gear of various art devices may be classified in Class 280 if of general utility.

D. SELF LOADING AND/OR UNLOADING VEHICLES AND PORTABLE MATERIAL HANDLING DEVICES

1. Traversing type. The load is usually distributed over or gathered from the area traversed by the vehicle;

2. Miscellaneous. These devices include vehicles which are loaded or unloaded while stationary also handling mechanisms which are ordinarily used to perform their chief function while stationary, running gear being provided for convenience in moving the device from place to place.

E. VEHICLE TYPES OTHERWISE CLASSIFIED

1. Water;

2. Rail;

3. Motor;

4. Receptacle and support types. The distinction between receptacles and supports provided with wheels and land vehicles has not been clearly established, and many warehouse and factory type trucks and work supports will be found in Class 280, Land Vehicles, and in the classes in References To Other Classes, below, that reference this section, without any stated line or perceptible distinction;

F. VEHICLE PARTS, INSTALLATIONS, ATTACHMENTS AND FURNISHINGS

1. Bodies;

2. Wheels;

3. Miscellaneous

SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

1.188,and 7.1+ for miscellaneous convertible velocipedes.
7.12+,and 8+ for vehicles having both wheels and runners.
7.16,for those vehicles convertible to or from plural occupant forms.
7.17,for those vehicles convertible to or from occupant propulsion.
30+,for miscellaneous convertible to nonvehicular forms.
43+,for vehicles convertible to work platforms by vertical adjustment of the running gear.
47.18,for handle-propelled vehicles convertible to wheeled devices having no load transporting function.
400,see the search notes for vehicle-related classes.
415.1,for miscellaneous convertible articulated vehicles.
840,for vehicles convertible to work platforms by body leveling.

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5, Beds,   subclasses 625+ for field stretchers. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous).
5, Beds,   subclass 9 for berths and bunks; 94, for automobile cribs; and 118+, for vehicle attached beds. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Bodies).
14, Bridges,   subclass 72 for unattached gang-ways.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   subclasses 78+ for street sweepers; and 340, for vacuum sweepers having vehicular features. (Earth or Traveled Surface, Traversing and Working or Treating Devices).
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   subclass 312 for ambulant air draft cleaners with fixed guide. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail Vehicles).
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   subclass 340 for self propelled vacuum cleaners. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles).
16, Miscellaneous Hardware,   subclasses 97+ for wheel mounts for panel hangers, travellers and/or tracks; and 107, for wheels therefor. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks).
16, Miscellaneous Hardware,   subclasses 97+ and 107 for wheel mounts and wheels for panel hangers, travelers or tracks. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail vehicles).
16, Miscellaneous Hardware,   subclasses 18+ for casters and 107, for wheels for traveling panels. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels).
27, Undertaking,   subclass 27 for casket carriers. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous).
37, Excavating,   appropriate subclasses, especially 4+ for self-loading vehicles, 196+ for automobile mounted roadway snow excavators and 124+ for wheeled scoops. (Earth or Traveled Surface, Traversing and Working or Treating Devices).
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),   subclasses 111+ for mechanism operated transportable towers. (Convertible, To nonvehicular devices, To work platforms).
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),   subclasses 111+ for extensible or movable portable towers, and subclass 143 for a building with a transportation feature, and see the reference to Class 105 in the class definition of that class. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Receptacle and support type).
56, Harvesters,   subclasses 10.1+ for a harvester driven by a motor or tractor; 253+, 258+, 269+, and 272+, for wheeled cutters; and 380+, 384+, and 396+, for wheeled horse rakes, subclasses 6+ for multiple trailing or ganged machines. (Earth or Traveled Surface, Traversing and Working or Treating Devices).
56, Harvesters,   subclasses 10.1+ for a harvester driven by a motor or tractor. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles).
56, Harvesters,   subclass 322 for grain wheels and casters for harvesters. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
56, Harvesters,   subclasses 208+ for a platform adjustments.
60, Power Plants,   and see search notes in main class definition for other motors and engines. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles)
60, Power Plants,   see main class definition for search notes on motors and engines. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
70, Locks,   subclasses 259+ for locks for spare wheels.
89, Ordinance,   subclass 40 for field ordinance mounts. (Convertible, To nonvehicular devices, To work platforms)
102, Ammunition and Explosives,   subclass 384 for drop bombs with direction controlling means. (Combined With External Means or Devices, Remote control)
104, Railways,   for combined tracks and railway rolling stock. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks).
104, Railways,   for rail vehicles combined with tracks. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail vehicles).
104, Railways,   subclass 44 for automobile turntables; and subclass 45, for portable turntables.
105, Railway Rolling Stock,   subclasses 27 , 28, 161 and 455 for handling devices mounted on railway rolling stock. (Convertible, To nonvehicular devices, To work platforms).
105, Railway Rolling Stock,   subclass 27 for self propelled power tools; 28, for locomotive type turntable carried power plant; 161, for mining machine trucks; 239+, for railway cars with dumping bodies; and 455 for railway cars with rotary turntable. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous).
105, Railway Rolling Stock,   (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail vehicles).
105, Railway Rolling Stock,   subclasses 26.1+ for railway vehicle having a power plant for propulsion thereof. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles).
105, Railway Rolling Stock,   subclasses 239+ for railway car dumping bodies; 314+, for railway sleeping cars; 327, for railway dining cars; 328, for merchandizing car bodies; 329.1+, for passenger car bodies; and 355+, for freight car bodies. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Bodies).
108, Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces,   subclasses 44+ for a horizontal planar supporting surface supported on a vehicle. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous).
111, Planting,   appropriate subclasses for planters. (Earth or Traveled Surface, Traversing and Working or Treating Devices).
114, Ships,   subclass 312 for external control of submarines; 21.1 for external control of torpedoes; and 144, for external control of ships. (Combined With External Means or Devices, Remote control).
114, Ships,   subclasses 27+ for dumping and unloading scows. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous)
114, Ships,   for boats. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Water).
123, Internal-Combustion Engines,   see reference to Class 60, Power Plants, above. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous).
137, Fluid Handling,   subclasses 899+ for fluid handling apparatus having a vehicle or part thereof as a support or casing.
152, Resilient Tires, and Wheels,   especially subclasses 450+ for pneumatic tires. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels).
152, Resilient Tires and Wheels,   subclasses 208+ for antiskid devices; and 416+, for tire inflating devices with vehicle carried supply. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous).
165, Heat Exchange,   subclasses 44+ for a heat exchanger installed on a vehicle, and appropriate subclasses for a heat exchanger, per se. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous).
169, Fire Extinguishers,   subclasses 24+ for fire engines. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous).
169, Fire Extinguishers,   subclass 25 for wheeled water towers. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Receptacle and support type).
169, Fire Extinguishers,   subclass 24 for fire engines; and 25 for wheeled water towers. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous).
172, Earth Working,   subclasses 669+ and the subclasses there noted for earth working apparatus with a wheel or supported on a wheeled frame. (Earth or Traveled Surface, Traversing and Working or Treating Devices).
172, Earth Working,   subclass 292 and the subclasses there noted for earth working apparatus with some specific propulsion means. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles)
180, Motor Vehicles,   subclass 2.7 for a motor vehicle having its motor supplied from an external source; subclasses 167+ for a motor vehicle provided with means for controlling its operation which is responsive to electromagnetic radiation, magnetic force, or sound waves received from a source, or reflected from an object or surface, which is located apart from the vehicle; and subclass 401 for a motor vehicle having steering gear of the power assisted type and wherein the operation of the power steering is controlled by a terrestrial guide. (Combined With External Means or Devices, Remote control).
180, Motor Vehicles,   appropriate subclasses for a land vehicle which is provided with a motor for propelling it. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles).
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold,   subclasses 10+ for a fire escape car carrier with a stationary strand and subclasses 36+ for a track mounted device of that class. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks).
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold,   subclasses 205+ for a fire escape car carrier with a stationary strand, subclasses 36+ for a track mounted device of that class. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail vehicles).
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold,   appropriate subclasses for wheeled supports of that class. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Receptacle and support type).
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold,   subclasses 63+ for a wheeled ladder, scaffold or escape with erection means. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous).
186, Merchandising,   subclasses 27+ and 45+ for wheeled carriers for store and dining room service, respectively. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks).
186, Merchandising,   subclasses 27+ and 45+ for wheeled carriers for store and dining room service, respectively. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail vehicles).
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for Vehicle,   subclasses 222+ for industrial fork lift trucks. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous).
188, Brakes,   subclasses 2+ for vehicle brakes. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous).
190, Trunks and Hand-Carried Luggage,   subclass 18 , for articles of baggage provided with wheels where specific structure of the baggage item is claimed. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Receptacle and support type)
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles,   (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks)
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles,   (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles)
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control,   subclasses 30+ for clutches. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
198, Conveyors: Power Driven,   subclasses 300+ and 506+ for a conveyor mounted on a vehicle. (Convertible, To nonvehicular devices, To work platforms)
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven,   subclasses 300+ and 506+ for loading machine type conveyors. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Handling Devices, Traversing type)
198, Conveyors: Power Driven,   subclasses 300+ and 506+ for a conveyor mounted on a vehicle. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous)
206, Special Receptacle or Package,   subclass 19.5 for vehicle attached special receptacles and packages. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
211, Supports: Racks,   appropriate subclasses, for wheeled racks. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Receptacle and support type)
212, Traversing Hoists,   subclass 312 for traveling bridge cranes and subclasses 71+ for over-head traversing hoists. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks)
212, Traversing Hoists,   subclasses 301+ for auxiliary supports for traversing hoists. (Convertible, To nonvehicular devices, To work platforms)
212, Traversing Hoists,   subclasses 180+ for hoists removably mounted on a vehicle; subclass 901, a collection of cross-referenced patents, for portable, dolley-type hoists or cranes; subclasses 328+ for a self-propelled carrier for an overhead hoist; and subclasses 343+ for surface type an overhead traversing hoists. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous)
212, Traversing Hoists,   subclasses 316+ for traveling cranes and subclasses 71+ for overhead traversing hoists. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail vehicles)
212, Traversing Hoists,   subclasses 180+ for a traversing hoist removably mounted on a vehicle; subclass 901, a collection of cross referenced patents, for ambulant dolley-type hoists or cranes; subclass 328 for self-propelled cable-trolley hoist; and subclasses 344+ for surface self-propelled traversing hoists. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles)
213, Railway Draft Appliances,   (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
221, Article Dispensing,   subclass 185 for ambulant article dispensing devices. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Traversing type)
222, Dispensing,   subclasses 608+ for ambulant dispensers. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Traversing type)
224, Package and Article Carriers,   subclasses 539+ for package and article carriers with complementary body parts. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Bodies)
224, Package and Article Carriers,   subclasses 400+ for vehicle attached package and article carriers. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
237, Heating Systems,   subclasses 12.1+ for combined heat and power plants for fire engines, vehicles, cars, etc. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles)
237, Heating Systems,   subclass 12.3 for combined heat and power plants for vehicles; and 28+, for vehicle heating systems. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,   subclasses 130+ and 146+ for sprayers with ambulant discharge and supply; subclasses 722+ for sprayers with stationary supply and ambulant discharge; subclasses 650+ for a container for nonfluid material and means for scattering or strewing the material, in which the container may be ambulant. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Traversing type)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclasses 390.7 , 391+, and 403+ for a reeling device mounted on a vehicle. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclasses 390.7 , 391+, and 403+ for a reeling device mounted on a vehicle. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Receptacle and support type)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclasses 391+ for a trundle reel. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
244, Aeronautics and Astronautics,   subclasses 75 through 99.9and the classes specified in the Notes thereto for apparatus and devices for controlling aircraft and other mobile craft. See subclasses 175+ and the classes specified in the Notes thereto for the classes which provide for the remote control by electrical means of aircraft and other vehicles and for a statement as to the lines between the classes. (Combined With External Means or Devices, Remote control)
244, Aeronautics,   subclass 50 for aircraft propulsion and steering on land or water. (Convertible, To different types of vehicles)
244, Aeronautics,   subclass 50 for aircraft propulsion and steering on water; 101, for amphibious landing gear; and 105+, for water landing gear. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Water)
244, Aeronautics,   for aircraft. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous)
244, Aeronautics,   subclasses 103+ for aircraft landing gear. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
248, Supports,   appropriate subclasses, for wheeled supports, especially subclass 98 , for wheeled golf bag stands; and 129 for wheeled receptacle stands. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Receptacle and support type)
248, Supports,   subclasses 560+ for resilient supports; and subclasses 637+ for machinery supports. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,   subclasses 2+ for hoisting trucks; and subclasses 279+ and 323+ for vehicles supporting a load hauling or hoisting cable drum. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous)
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,   subclasses 418+ for attached vehicle jacks, including retractable ground supports and props. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
258, Railway Mail Delivery,   for delivery to or from moving vehicles. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With external loading or unloading means)
258, Railway Mail Delivery,   for material delivery to and from moving vehicles. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Traversing type)
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus,   appropriate subclasses for carburetors. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
267, Spring Devices,   subclasses 2+ for vehicle springs. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
267, Spring Devices,   subclasses 2+ for resilient mountings for wheels. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
278, Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances,   (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
291, Track Sanders,   (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks)
291, Track Sanders,   (Earth or Traveled Surface, Traversing and Working or Treating Devices)
291, Track Sanders,   (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Traversing type)
291, Track Sanders,   (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Rail vehicles)
293, Vehicle Fenders,   subclasses 102+ for vehicle bumpers. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,   subclasses 15+ for hand bars and hand barrows. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Bodies)
295, Railway Wheels and Axles,   (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
296, Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,   subclass 20 for wheeled stretchers for ambulances. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With external loading or unloading means)
296, Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,   subclass 20 for wheeled ambulance stretchers. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous)
296, Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,   (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Bodies)
297, Chairs and Seats,   subclasses 1+ for a chair or seat convertible from wheel mounted to nonwheel mounted device by reorienting the chair or seat and subclasses 130+ for a chair or seat having alternately usable supporting devices, as wheels, rockers, suspending hangers and the like. (Convertible, To nonvehicular devices, Miscellaneous)
297, Chairs and Seats,   subclasses 5+ for occupant propelled walker or skater frames having a seat, usable by the occupant intermediate periods of walking or skating. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous)
297, Chairs and Seats,   appropriate subclasses for seat of general utility. This class (280) takes the combination of one or more seats and a vehicle. See the search notes in the class definition of Class 297 for the line. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Bodies)
298, Land Vehicles: Dumping,   for dumping vehicles of the land type. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Miscellaneous)
298, Land Vehicles: Dumping,   (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Bodies)
301, Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,   (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
305, Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles,   for wheel substitutes, per se. Class 305 takes patents claiming a vehicle and wheel substitute combination, where the vehicle is only nominally recited in the claims. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems,   subclass 16 for electric motors for steering where a rudder or steering means is claimed broadly, with or without radio control of said motor. (Combined With External Means or Devices, Remote control)
362, Illumination,   subclasses 459+ for vehicle lighting. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,   subclasses 6+ for a vehicle responsive parking meter and subclasses 1+ for an horological device acted upon by a disparate device. (Combined With External Means or Devices, Remote control)
384, Bearings,   appropriate subclasses for wheel bearings and journal boxes. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Wheels)
404, Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,   subclasses 101+ for road material distributors with treatment means. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Hand­ling Devices, Traversing type)
406, Conveyors: Fluid Current,   subclass 185 for a wheeled article carrier adapted to be propelled through a tube by a fluid current. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous)
414, Material or Article Handling,   subclasses 333 through 402for the combination of a vehicle of the load transporting type and means external of the vehicle for loading or unloading the vehicle. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With external loading or unloading means)
414, Material or Article Handling,   subclasses 595+ for an elevator or hoist and loading or unloading means therefor and wherein the elevator or hoist is on an inclined tracks. (Combined With External Means or Devices, With rails or tracks)
414, Material or Article Handling,   subclasses 467+ for a self-loading or unloading vehicle. (Self Loading and/or Unloading Vehicles and Portable Material Handling Devices, Miscellaneous)
414, Material or Article Handling,   subclasses 227+ for apparatus particularly adapted for charging or discharging a facility comprising one or more sites for the parking of wheeled vehicles. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
417, Pumps,   subclasses 231+ for pumps attached to vehicles and actuated thereby. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
440, Marine Propulsion,   for boats and ships combined with power plants for propulsion. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Motor vehicles)
441, Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices,   subclasses 65+ for skimming and walking devices for use on water. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Water)
446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   appropriate subclasses for wheeled toys. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous)
446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 97 through 99, 111-114 and 201+ for wheeled toys.
454, Ventilation,   subclasses 69+ for vehicle ventilation. (Vehicle Parts, Installations, Attachments and Furnishings; Miscellaneous)
472, Amusement Devices,   subclasses 1+ for a skater support or walker vehicle restricted to a circuitous path, i.e., a roundabout, particularly subclasses 14+ for an occupant propelled roundabout. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous)
482, Exercise Devices,   particularly subclasses 66+ for an occupant propelled support frame having movement facilitating feature, e.g., wheels, runners, etc., for foot travel. (Vehicle Types Otherwise Classified, Miscellaneous)
701, Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location,   subclasses 1+ for vehicle indication, operation, or guidance which includes a computation. Note, where significant vehicle structure is recited, classification is in the appropriate vehicle class. (Combined With External Means or Devices, Remote control)

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1]    1MISCELLANEOUS
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicles not provided for in the subclasses hereunder.
  
[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1.12]    1.12Aircraft
 This subclass is indented under subclass 828.  Vehicles in which the object simulated is an aircraft.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

827,for aircraft simulations which are pushed by the occupant.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 230+ for a toy aircraft having wheels.
  
[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1.13]    1.13Figure
 This subclass is indented under subclass 827.  Vehicles in which the object simulated is a living figure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

1.22,for figure simulating velocipedes which are adapted to be pushed along by the occupant.
200+,for occupant propelled vehicles in which the simulation is not claimed, and see the definition of subclass 827 for the line.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

104, Railways,   subclass 61 for simulated horses which progress along a track.
446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 269+ for a wheeled figure toy.
  
[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1.14]    1.14Noise makers
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles in which means is provided for making a sound, usually simulating the cry of the creature represented.

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446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 270+ for a wheeled figure toy having sounder; subclass 297 for a figure toy having a sounder; subclasses 188+ for air operated sounders; and subclasses 397+ for other sounding toys.
472, Amusement Devices,   particularly subclass 98 for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and including animal sound simulation.
  
[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1.16]    1.16Figure and carriage
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles in which the simulation is that of the figure drawing a carriage.

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446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 275+ for a toy representing a vehicle and an external figure.
  
[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1.165]    1.165With moving figure or figure parts
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.16.  Vehicles in which the figure as a whole or parts of the figure are so connected with the remainder of the structure as to have relative movement.

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1.201+,for figures having moving parts where no carriage is provided and where the rider"s body does not move.

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472, Amusement Devices,   particularly subclass 99 for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and a relatively movable animal part.
  
[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1.167]    1.167Relatively movable legs
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.165.  Vehicles in which the legs of the figure move relative to the trunk of the figure.

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1.204,for figure simulating velocipedes having moving legs but no carriage, the movement of the legs not being necessary to the movement of the vehicle.

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446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclass 276 for a toy representing a vehicle and an external walking figure.
  
[List of Patents for class 280 subclass 1.173]    1.173Plural
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles having either or both (1) more than one simulated figure, or (2) more than one occupant support.
(1) Note. A composite figure having two sides each comprising a separate cut-out is regarded as a single figure if the sides are rigidly secured to each other or the same seat or framework.

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203,for nonsimulating occupant propelled vehicles with side car.