(A) This class relates to devices which include an expansible
chamber, said chamber having a wall portion thereof (i.e., a working
member) movable in a to and fro motion to vary the volume of the
chamber, and having a fluid conducting passage means in communication
with the chamber for introducing or withdrawing fluid therefrom,
said device being the type in which:
(1) The introduction of fluid into the chamber or the withdrawal
of fluid from the chamber acts upon the movable wall portion and
effects a movement thereof in a direction to change the volume of
the chamber and produce a mechanical force output which is employed
to do work (e.g., motor) or
(2) Application of a mechanical force to the movable wall
portion effects a movement of such movable wall portion in a direction
to change the volume of the chamber to draw fluid into or expel
fluid from the chamber (e.g., pump).
(B) This class also takes miscellaneous subcombinations of
motors or pumps disclosed as being of the type having a chamber
as indicated in part A, above, not involving control of the working
fluid and not provided for in other classes, (e.g., bellows walls,
diaphragms or pistons).
(C) This class excludes means to control the fluid to or from
the chamber, except in the case of a sealing means for a working
member which is adapted under certain conditions of operation to
flex away from the encompassing chamber wall to allow fluid passage
between said means and the chamber wall.
(1)
Note. Claims Not Controlling In Patents Prior To 1936. Patents
issued prior to 1936 have not necessarily been classified by claims
so that the placement of these patents does not necessarily indicate
lines of classification. However, most of the patents regardless
of their age have been placed in accordance with their claimed subject
matter.
STATEMENT RELATING TO PLACEMENT OF PATENTS INVOLVING COMBINATION
AND SUBCOMBINATION SUBCLASSES
In many instances the schedule of this class provides for
a combination which requires a given subcombination and elsewhere below
provides for the subcombination.
The following rule has been followed as to the placement of
the original patent and as to cross-referencing and should be followed in
the future:
Where the combination subclass requires the same subcombination
as is provided for in the subcombination subclass (i.e., subcombination
defined with the same specificity in both subclasses) a patent disclosing the
combination is placed as an original in, or under, the combination
subclass regardless of whether the claims are directed to the combination
or subcombination and is not cross-referenced to the subcombination subclass.
A patent disclosing only the subcombination and claiming same is
placed as an original in the subcombination subclass and is not
cross-referenced to the combination subclass.
This rule is applicable only in instances where there is but
a single subcombination subclass (i.e., no indented subclasses),
but the combination subclass may be further subdivided into indented
subclasses.
The prime feature of this situation is the that the subcombination
must, by definition, be of equal specificity in the two subclasses.
A search for the subcombination, at least in the case where it is
adapted to be used in the combination, of necessity involves all
of the patents in the combination subclass. Under this system of
placing the patents a complete search of the combination can be
made in the combination subclass, and of the subcombination in both subclasses
without the addition to the search files of the otherwise necessary cross-reference
copies.
The subclasses involved in this combination-subcombination
relationship have been indicated in the schedule by numbers in parenthesis,
as explained in a paragraph after the class title.
See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, below
for the exemplary of this situation in the Class 92 schedule.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
EXEMPLARY IN THE CLASS 92 SCHEDULE
Exemplary of this situation (as described in the Class Definition,
above) in the Class 92 schedule are subclasses 11 and 12. It is
noted that subclass 11 provides for a working member combined with
means to control the flow of nonworking arresting fluid therefor
in which said flow control means is responsive to the position of the
working member and an auxiliary adjustable throttle for further
controlling such flow while subclass 12 merely requires an adjustable
throttle for controlling such flow. As between these subclasses
a patent having a disclosed means responsive to the position of
the working member for controlling the flow of nonworking arresting
fluid for a working member combined with an auxiliary adjustable
throttle is placed as an original in subclass 11, whether or not
working member position control means is claimed and is not cross-referenced
in subclass 12. A complete search for the subject matter provided
for in subclass 12 of necessity involves all of the patents in subclass
11.
COMBINATIONS WITH LOAD DEVICES
Inasmuch as a mechanical force output of an expansible chamber
device within the definition of this class is to operate or move a
load the inclusion of the load in the claim by name only or in general
terms will not exclude a patent from this class. An exception to
this general rule exists where the load on the expansible chamber
device is a valve. The combination of an expansible chamber device
and a valve as the load moved thereby, even if the valve is claimed by
name only, is excluded from this class and will be found in Class
137, Fluid Handling, or Class 251, Valves and Valve Actuation.
This line also applies where the load is a tool: that is,
a named tool moved by the expansible chamber will not exclude a patent
from this class if no tool details are recited. However, if a support
for the work being acted upon by the tool is claimed, classification
in the appropriate tool class results even though both the tool
and the support are claimed by name only. Also see Search Class
173 note in References to Other Classes, below, for the line with regard
to a nominally claimed tool driven by an expansible chamber device
combined with other features such as work cleansing or tool feeding.
No attempt has been made to review the classification of all
patents found in classes relating to loads adapted to be moved by
an expansible chamber device. Thus, it is to be noted that the original
classification of all patents is not consistent with the above statement
as to nominally claimed loads and this particularly applies as to
classes not recently reclassified. In those instances in which a
body of art is known to exist in a given class in which the load
adapted to be moved by the expansible chamber device is claimed
only nominally, and especially where the classification of that
class provides for a fluid pressure actuator for the device, currently
issuing patents will not be classified as originals in Class 92
even though the load is only nominally claimed.
The means which transmits power from the working member of
the expansible chamber device to the load to be moved (e.g., linkage,
gearing, etc.) is not considered to be the load to be moved by the
expansible chamber device. See References to Other Classes, Search
Note to Class 74, for a discussion of this subject.
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS 91.
For the relationship between this class and Class 91, see "(3)
Note" in the class definition of Class 91.
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS 60
Class 92 is directed to expansible chamber devices per se
of the type which includes an oscillating or reciprocating working
member and is generally related to Class 60, as a subcombination
of a Class 60 device of the type which includes an expansible chamber.
More specifically the line may be categorized as follows:
A. PLURAL OR COMBINED WITH A MOTOR
(1) The combination of an expansible chamber device of the
type set forth in part (A), (1), of the class definition above combined
with a motor of a different type is classified in Class 60. However,
the combination of a Class 92, Expansible Chamber Devices with a
motor which performs work solely for use by the expansible chamber device
(e.g., move the working member, or adjust a part thereof) is classified
in Class 92. The combination of a plurality of Class 92, Expansible
Chamber Devices having a plurality of working members (e.g., pistons)
is classified in Class 92.
B. WORKING FLUID SOURCE, MODIFICATION OR EXHAUST TREATMENT
(1) Pumps. The inclusion in a claim of a pump broadly which
provides motive fluid for utilization by the Class 92, Expansible Chamber
Devices does not preclude classification in Class 92. The following
examples have been considered to be nominal inclusion of a pump
and if so claimed would not preclude classification in Class 92:
(a) a pump; (b) a rotary pump; (c) a motor driven pump; (d) a motor
driven rotary pump; (e) an internal combustion engine having an
intake manifold (as a source of vacuum); (f) a plurality of pumps arranged
in parallel; (g) a circuit comprising a sump, pump and expansible
chamber device.
The following examples have been considered to be significant
inclusion of a pump and if so claimed would preclude classification
in Class 92 and cause classification in Class 60, if otherwise appropriate:
(a) a pump which is characterized as to type, e.g., centrifugal,
eduction, constant displacement, variable displacement, pulsator,
etc. (however, see (b) in the preceding paragraph)
(b) a motor driven pump in which the motor is characterized
as to type, e.g., turbine, electric motor, internal combustion engine (however,
see (e) in the immediately preceding paragraph)
(c) a pump which has any detail thereof recited as, for example,
a "piston"
(d) a plurality of pumps in series
(e) a particular physical relation between a nominal pump
and (1) a motor supplied thereby or (2) with a sump, reservoir or tank
forming part of the circuit supplying the pump. For example, this
particular physical relation may include their relation in space
or mechanical interconnection means.
See particularly Class 60, subclasses 325+.
(2) Accumulators.
An expansible chamber device in constant communication with
an accumulator for pressurized working fluid is not precluded from
Class 92 regardless of the specificity with which the accumulator
is recited, the accumulator in this case being considered to be
merely a part of the expansible chamber.
(3) Internal Generation.
Class 60 takes an expansible chamber device in which the working
fluid within the expansible chamber device is heated or cooled,
as, for example, by a fluid in heat exchange relation with the interior
of the chamber. Such fluid may be the same working fluid used in
the chamber either before or after it passes through the chamber.
However, a mere heat exchange space or jacket associated with the
chamber through which a heat exchange fluid may be circulated is
not excluded from Class 92, unless some means are provided to control the
flow of heat exchange fluid into or out of the space or jacket.
See Class 60, subclass 508.
(4) Heating, Superheating or External Generation
An expansible chamber device having a nominally claimed means
to heat or superheat the working fluid before introduction into
the expansible chamber is not precluded from Class 92. For example,
Class 92 takes a boiler combined with an expansible chamber device
while a "fire tube boiler" combined with a Class
92 expansible chamber device would be classified in Class 60. See,
for example, Class 60, subclasses 643+.
Class 92 does not take the combination of an expansible chamber
device with an explosive generation of working fluid even if nominally
claimed. See, for example, Class 60 subclasses 632+.
(5) Exhaust Treatment or Handling
Class 60 takes combinations involving treatment of motive
fluid after it leaves an expansible chamber where means is claimed
to change some characteristic of the fluid. A condenser, muffler
or filter are examples of such means, but the inclusion of a condenser,
muffler or filter in a claim by name only is not sufficient to preclude
a patent from Class 92.
Class 60 also takes combinations involving handling of exhaust
fluid from a fluid motor. Handling is considered to necessarily
include more than a mere pipe or chamber to conduct the exhaust
fluid away. However, an exhaust fluid conductor having a number
of ports therein merely for the purpose of dividing the exhaust
stream is more than a mere chamber or pipe and is classified in
Class 60. Claimed limitations to an elbow, support or other fitting
which constitutes a mere part of the exhaust pipe will be ignored,
but any significant relation of the pipe and expansible chamber
device will result in classification in the appropriate exhaust
treatment subclass of Class 60. A particular physical relation or
mechanical inter-connection between a chamber or reservoir for receiving
exhaust fluid from the motor and the motor has been considered exhaust
handling for Class 60. See Class 60, subclasses 272+ and
685+.
C. PULSATORS
Class 60 takes a pulsator system in which a generally constant
mass of confined working fluid is moved by the working member of
one expansible chamber device to effect movement of the working
member of said expansible chamber device. Where only one of the
expansible chamber devices forming a pulsator system is claimed,
classification is generally in Class 92. However, see (3) Note of
the definition of subclasses 533+ of Class 60 for a list
of pulsator elements or subcombinations classifiable in Class 60.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 232+ for an expansible chamber type volume or rate of flow
meter. Class 73 takes an expansible chamber meter combined with
registering mechanism and a meter incapable of general use as an expansible
chamber device. A meter is considered to be incapable of such general
use if there is no disclosed means to take power therefrom for external
use such as to a registering mechanism. Therefore class 92 takes
an expansible chamber device disclosed as a meter having means to
take power therefrom such as for an unclaimed registering mechanism;
subclasses 700+ for a fluid pressure gauge. Class 73 takes a
sealed capsule disclosed as forming a pressure sensing means. Class
73 also takes an expansible chamber device combined with a means
to indicate the condition being sensed by the deflection of the
movable wall of the expansible chamber device.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for a mechanical movement,
gearing or element. Class 74 takes a motion converting linkage,
gearing or element there provided for even though a piston and cylinder is
recited where such piston and cylinder amounts to no more than a
named load on or drive source for the linkage, gearing or element;
even a recitation of a geometrical or spatial arrangement of plural
pistons and cylinders is not considered to constitute more than
a named load or drive source and does not preclude classification
in Class 74. A support, casing, housing or covering (e.g., a crankcase) may
also be included in a claim to a Class 74 mechanism, provided that
only so much detail of such support, casing, housing or covering
is recited as to constitute a support or enclosure for the mechanism.
For example, a machine element such as a crankshaft which, per se,
is classifiable in Class 74 will still be in Class 74 even though
a crankcase or cover therefore is recited. Similarly a mechanical
movement (e.g., a piston, connecting rod and crankshaft) which,
per se, is classifiable in Class 74 is still proper for Class 74
even though it includes a piston housing (e.g., cylinder) and crankshaft housing
(e.g., crankcase). Class 92 takes a casing for a crankshaft or other
Class 74 element where disclosed as being associated with an expansible
chamber device either where such casing is claimed, per se, or where
the Class 74 element is nominally claimed.
Internal-Combustion Engines, for an expansible chamber device which is limited
for use as a part of an internal combustion engine. Class 123 has
not been cleared and many expansible chamber devices which are not
limited for use in an internal combustion engine will be found in
Class 123 without any stated line or perceptible distinction with
the subject matter found in Class 92.
Mechanical Guns and Projectors,
subclasses 56+ for a fluid pressure actuated gun in which a projectile
is impelled from a confined space or barrel by the force of a fluid
under pressure.
Pipes and Tubular Conduits,
subclasses 30+ for a fluid pressure compensator for a fluid system,
comprising a chamber provided with a movable wall (e.g., piston
or diaphragm) to allow the volumetric capacity of said chamber to
be varied, and disclosed as for receiving and accommodating a surge
of fluid in the system; subclasses 118+ for a circumferentially
corrugated or pleated flexible tubular member of conduit. Class
92 takes such a device where the sole specific disclosure or a claim
is directed to a bellows device for an expansible chamber device;
appropriate subclasses, for a tubular member, even though disclosed
as a cylinder for an expansible chamber device. Class 138 takes
a tubular member disclosed as a cylinder for an expansible chamber
device, where the claim is directed to no more than the wall structure
of such tubular member.
Tool Driving and Impacting, appropriate subclasses for an expansible chamber
device for operating an impact delivering means or for operating
a tool combined with work cleansing or feed means and see section
IV of the class definition of Class 173 for a statement of the line
between Class 92 and Class 173.
Lubrication, appropriate subclasses for lubrication of general utility,
and particularly
subclasses 18+ for lubrication of an engine cylinder. Class 184
takes a nominal cylinder and piston provided with lubricating means.
Class 92 takes the combination of a cylinder and piston and lubricating
means therefor where either the cylinder or piston is modified for
a purpose other than for lubrication. Claimed structural limitations,
for example, such as sealing means between the cylinder and piston
or specific piston construction effects classification in Class 92.
However the claiming of a pitman or connecting rod pivotally secured
to a piston including means to lubricate such connection does not
preclude classification in Class 184.
Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift
for Vehicle, especially
subclasses 213+ for an expansible chamber fluid motor in claimed combination
with a more than named stationary lift for raising a vehicle in
its entirety between spaced vertical positions, and subclasses 272+ for
an expansible chamber fluid motor in claimed combination with a
more than named load-underlying support surface (e.g., external
load support guide structure which is not necessary to the fluid
motor internal drive, particular load-underlying support surface structure,
elevator counterbalances).
Brakes, appropriate subclasses for brakes and locks of general
utility and particularly,
subclasses 297+ for a fluid type brake or dashpot. Class 188 takes
a fluid containing chamber having a movable wall (e.g., piston and
cylinder) or an element thereof where the sole specific disclosure
or a claim is directed to a dashpot or brake; subclass 67 for a
brake or lock for a rod which may include a piston. Class 188 takes
a piston and cylinder combined with a movement retarding or preventing means,
where the piston and cylinder is only nominally set forth in the
claim.
Receptacles, appropriate subclasses for the structure of a device disclosed
as a cylinder for an expansible chamber device, where the claimed
subject matter includes no more than the structure of a container
and particularly
subclasses 200+ for a container closure. Class 220 takes the combination
of a cylinder and a closure or head therefor, or a cylinder closure or
head, per se, where the claimed subject matter includes no more
than a container and closure or a container closure of general utility. Class
92 takes such combination or the closure, per se, where the claim
includes subject matter which limits the device to an element of
a working chamber for an expansible device, such as for example
fluid porting in the closure, or means on the closure for cooperating with
a piston part.
Dispensing,
subclasses 206+ for a resilient wall dispenser, and subclasses
386+ for a dispenser comprising a container or cylinder
provided with a follower (e.g., piston) adapted to act against a
fluent material to expel the material from the chamber. Class 222
takes a combined container and follower where the sole specific
disclosure or a claim is directed to a dispenser for fluent material.
However, Class 92 takes a claim to a follower or piston, per se, even
though disclosed as for use in a dispensing device.
Valves and Valve Actuation,
subclasses 12+ for a fluid pressure actuated valve, and especially
subclasses 61+ for a valve having a fluid actuator which
includes a diaphragm, bellows or flexible wall type expansible chamber device
and subclasses 62+ for a fluid actuator comprising an expansible
chamber device having a cylinder with a relatively movable piston therein.
Class 251 takes a nominally recited valve combined with an expansible
chamber device actuating means therefor; subclasses 324+ for
a reciprocating piston type valve and subclass 331 for a reciprocating
diaphragm type valve. Class 251 takes a piston or diaphragm when
there is a disclosure that such piston or diaphragm is used as a
valve element.
Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclass 93 for a fluid actuated pushing or pulling implement.
Class 254 takes a fluid pressure actuated pushing or pulling implement
where some detail of the load engaging means is claimed.
Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses for a fluid type spring device.
Class 267 takes a device comprising a chamber provided with a movable
wall (e.g., piston and cylinder) and adapted to contain a fluid
designed to contact and exert a force against said movable wall,
or an element of such device (e.g., piston) when there is a disclosure
that such device is used as a spring device.
Seal for a Joint or Juncture, appropriate subclasses for a packing or sealing
member, even though disclosed as sealing between relatively movable
elements of an expansible chamber device. Class 277 takes a nominally
claimed piston and cylinder combination, or a nominally claimed
piston or cylinder, per se, where the claim is otherwise directed
to a packing or sealing means between relatively movable surfaces
of said cylinder and piston or on said cylinder or piston. Class
92 takes such devices, where some details of the cylinder or piston
is set forth in the claim. However, structure of such device which
is solely intended to cooperate with the packing or sealing means
is not considered a detail of the device for Class 92, and is classified
in Class 277. A device including either a flexible cup or flange
type sealing member combined with a supporting body structure is
classified in Class 92 where such device is disclosed as a piston
for either a pump or motor. Such sealing structure either claimed,
per se, or combined with a supporting body structure and disclosed
as a device other than a piston for a pump or motor is classified in
Class 277.
Thermal Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 201+ for expanding fluid thermometers. Class 374 takes,
expanding fluid bulb or expansible chamber driving an indicator.
Such a bulb or chamber with an indeterminate load is classified
in Class 60, subclasses 516+; an expansible chamber, per
se, is in Class 92; and a bulb, per se, is in Class 428, subclass
35.
Bearings, appropriate subclasses for bearings and guides. Class 384
takes a nominally claimed piston and cylinder combination as a guide
and slide where the claim is otherwise directed to a specific surface
structure of one, or both of said elements to form a bearing surface.
Further the combination of a nominal cylinder having an opening
in an end wall thereof slidably receiving a piston rod is considered
a slide and guide and classified in Class 384, Class 92 takes the
above combination where the piston is claimed.
subclasses 429+ for a crankshaft bearing support. Class 384 takes
an engine crankcase enclosing and supporting bearings for a crankshaft,
the inclusion of a nominal cylinder, or cylinders does not preclude
classification in Class 384. Class 384 takes a nominal piston, or
cylinder where the claim is otherwise directed to a specific surface structure
to form a bearing surface.
Joints and Connections, particularly
subclasses 230+ for a rod connected to a base plate or head. Class
403 takes the combination of a nominally claimed piston and means
for either pivotally or rigidly mounting a rod thereto where the
subject matter claimed amounts to no more than a connection between
a rod or a means to pivotally mount a rod and a tubular or cup-shaped
member. Class 92 takes such combination where some detail of the
piston other than that which is utilized solely for the purpose
of effecting the joint or connection between the piston and the
rod or rod mounting member is claimed. For example, claimed features
involving sealing means on the piston, specific piston forming material,
ribs or fins on the piston other than those utilized to support or
mount the rod or rod mounting means on the piston, or structure
in which a portion of the rod or rod mounting means extends through
the piston end face are considered as piston details and are classified
in Class 92.
Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for planetary gear transmissions, per se. The same
line exists between Class 92 and Class 475 as exists between Class
92 and Class 74.
Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including
Engine Control, for interrelated controls between an engine and
a transmission, clutch, or brake. Class 477 was formed from patents
in Classes 74 and 192 and so the same line exists between Class
91 and Class 477 as exists between Class 91 and Classes 74 and 192.
Surgery,
subclasses 218+ for piston and cylinder type hypodermic device,
and subclasses 212+ for a pump type syringe. Class 604,
Surgery, provides for a device which includes no more than a piston
and cylinder or other type of expansible chamber device, or any
subcombination thereof, but in which the sole specific disclosure
or claim is directed to a hypodermic dosing device or syringe.
SECTION IV - GLOSSARY
CYLINDER
A rigid external member which permanently surrounds the
piston, the latter constituting a relatively moving wall for the
expansible chamber, the other walls of which are formed by the cylinder,
and the cylinder ordinarily including the abutment or reaction surface
against which the motive fluid acts, or the piston forming the abutment
for the cylinder when the cylinder is movable and the piston fixed.
However, the abutment or reaction surface for the piston need not
necessarily be formed by the cylinder but may be formed by a second
relatively movable opposed piston within the cylinder.
END FACE
The end face of the piston consists of the portion thereof which
is opposite the abutment of reaction surface of the cylinder and
which is adapted to contact the working fluid.
NONWORKING CHAMBER
Any space within a part of an expansible chamber device
which is not designed to receive working fluid for acting upon the
working member, or for being acted upon by the working member.
PISTON
A working member which has relative sliding sealing engagement
with the encompassing wall of a cylinder type working chamber. The
principal parts of a piston consist of an end face portion and a
side wall portion which are defined as follows:
SIDE WALL
The side wall of the piston consists of that portion
which is opposite the wall of the cylinder which slidably engages
the piston.
WORKING CHAMBER
The space in an expansible chamber device which includes
the working member and which is adapted to receive working fluid
for acting upon the working member, or for being acted upon by the
working member.
WORKING FLUID
The fluid which is admitted into or withdrawn from the expansible
chamber to effect movement of the working member, or the fluid which
is either drawn into or expelled from the expansible chamber responsive
to movement of the working member.
WORKING MEMBER
The wall portion of the expansible chamber of an expansible
chamber device which is acted upon by the working fluid to be moved
thereby to change the volume of the chamber and produce a mechanical
force output, or which, having a mechanical force applied thereto
is moved to change the volume of the chamber to either draw fluid
into or expel fluid from the chamber. The term includes the movable
wall portion and any part which is immovably fixed thereto (e.g.,
piston rod).
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including temperature responsive means associated
with the expansible chamber device, said means being effective to overcome
or counteract a pressure change, which effects the expansion or
contraction of the expansible chamber device, resulting from a change
in the ambient temperature adjacent the expansible chamber device,
or a change in the temperature of the working fluid.
ONE WORKING MEMBER RECIPROCATES AND ANOTHER ROTATES COMMON
OUTPUT MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising two or more working members which are
movable with respect to each other, said working members being operatively
associated with a single member designed to transmit the mechanical
force exerted by said working members, one of said working members
being effective to impart longitudinal movement to said element,
and a second said working member being effective to impart rotary
motion to said element about the longitudinal axis thereof independently
of the longitudinal movement imparted by said first working member.
Tool Driving or Impacting,
subclass 108 for means to rotate a reciprocated impact delivering
tool, said means comprising a separate reciprocating type motors.
WITH DISENGAGEABLE ROTARY DRIVE FOR MOVING WORKING MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a first rotary element driven by a
source of power, a second rotary element connected to the working
member to drive same, and means to selectively engage or disengage
said first and second rotary elements to connect or disconnect the working
member and source of power.
Pumps,
subclass 319 for pumps having disengageable rotary drive connections.
For the relationship between Class 92 and Class 417 see section
III of the class definition of Class 417.
WITH (1) SIGNAL OR INDICATOR OR (2) INSPECTION WINDOW IN
EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER WALL PORTION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including (1) an indicator, register, recorder
or alarm responsive to a condition of operation or position of a
part of the expansible chamber device or of the working fluid or
(2) a window in a wall of an expansible chamber device part to permit
inspection of normally hidden portions of said part or of the working
fluid.
(1)
Note. An expansible chamber device part made of a material
which may be transparent (e.g., a glass piston or cylinder) is excluded,
unless the disclosure specifies that such material was used for the
purpose of allowing inspection of interior portions of said part.
(2)
Note. A visible element associated with an expansible chamber
device (e.g., fastening or securing means for an expansible chamber
device parts) which is specifically intended to become distorted when
some malfunction of some part of the expansible chamber device occurs
to indicate such malfunction is included under this definition.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 1 for a signal, indicator or inspection window to
indicate a condition of operation of an expansible chamber type
motor.
EFFECTIVE AREA OF WORKING MEMBER END FACE SELECTIVELY VARIABLE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the expansible chamber device is provided
with means whereby the area of the working member end face which
is acted upon by the working fluid or which acts upon the working
fluid during movement of the working member may be selectively changed.
WITH OVERCENTER MEANS TO BIAS WORKING MEMBER IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS
OVER DIFFERENT PORTIONS OF STROKE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means movable with the working member,
said means comprising a portion which moves in an arcuate path between
end limit positions corresponding to the end limits of the working
member stroke, said means being effective during the first half of
the working member stroke and while said portion moves toward a
center position between said end positions to exert a force in a direction
resisting the movement of the working member, and during the last
half of the working member stroke while said portion moves away
from said center position to exert a force in an opposite direction
to assist the movement of the working member.
WITH MEANS TO CONTROL FLOW OF NON-WORKING ARRESTING FLUID FOR
WORKING MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a body of nonworking fluid adapted
to flow as a result of working member movement and incident to said
flow to retard or stop the movement of the working member, and means
for varying the flow of the nonworking fluid.
(1)
Note. A mere compressible fluid spring provided with valve
means to allow entry of make-up fluid in the spring is excluded.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 41 for correlated control of motive fluid, and locking
means for the working member of an expansible chamber device.
Brakes,
subclasses 297+ for fluid type brake or dashpot; Class 188 takes
the nominal recitation of a cylinder and piston and a fluid brake
or dashpot therefor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus in which the body of fluid is positioned in an
enclosure having a movable partition therein which is in sliding
sealing engagement with the enclosure wall providing a pair of chambers,
said partition being secured for movement with the working member,
fluid passage means extending between said chambers for placing
said chambers in fluid communication with each other, and flow varying means
positioned in said passage means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus in which the flow varying means is controlled
in response to the working member attaining a certain position in
the working chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Apparatus including a second means for varying the flow
of the non working fluid, said second means being adapted to be
selectively moved and held to different flow varying positions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus in which the flow varying means is adapted to
be selectively moved and held in different flow varying positions.
for a working member position control of flow of
nonworking arresting fluid for working member provided with an auxiliary
adjustable throttle. Note section IV of the class definition and
the paragraph following the title in the schedule of this Class.
DISPLACEMENT CONTROL OF PLURAL CYLINDERS ARRANGED IN PARALLEL,
RADIAL, OR CONICAL RELATIONSHIP WITH ROTARY TRANSMISSION AXIS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising two or more cylinders, each cylinder
being provided with a relatively reciprocating piston (includes diaphragm)
to thereby form a plurality of expansible chambers, the cylinders
or a transmission element in common operative engagement with said
cylinders or pistons being adapted for continuous rotation about
a fixed axis; said cylinders being physically arranged in a manner
such that their longitudinal axes either (1) intersect at a common
point or (2) extend parallel to said axis of rotation; there being
provided means to selectively vary either the extent or end limits
of reciprocatory movement between said cylinders and their respective
relatively reciprocating pistons.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 473 for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship
with a rotary transmission axis in which means are provided for
controlling the drive transmission of the motor in response to a
sensed condition and subclasses 497+ for expansible chamber
type motors having three or more cylinders arranged in radial relationship
with a rotary transmission axis and means for varying the relative
reciprocatory stroke between the motor cylinders and pistons.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1. Apparatus in which the longitudinal axes of said plural
cylinders are parallel to and spaced from said axis of rotation.
(1)
Note. This definition is not intended to include displacement
control in response to a sensed condition (e.g., speed or motive
fluid condition responsive).
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 473 for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship
with a rotary transmission axis in which means are provided for
controlling the drive transmission of the motor in response to a
sensed condition and subclasses 504+ for expansible chamber
type motors having three or more cylinders arranged in parallel
relationship with a rotary transmission axis and means for varying
the relative reciprocatory stroke between the motor cylinders and
pistons.
Pumps,
subclasses 222.1+ for means for controlling an adjustable axial pump
operating cam in the pump drive transmission in response to a sensed
condition.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means associated with the expansible
chamber device, said means being adapted to be selectively positioned
or moved and held in different positions to either change the extent
or vary the end limits of reciprocatory movement of the working member
relative to the working chamber.
(1)
Note. Means which acts to positively lock a working member
in both directions of reciprocatory movement is not considered to
be a stroke varying device under this definition, such subject matter being
classified in subclasses 15+ below.
(2)
Note. An expansible chamber device having means to vary the
displacement thereof and in which it cannot be determined whether
the expansible chamber device is of the Class 92 or Class 418 type
will be classified under this definition.
(3)
Note. Included under this definition are diaphragm or bellows
type working members which are reciprocated to cause expansion or
contraction of the chamber formed thereby.
(4)
Note. This definition is not intended to include stroke control
in response to a sensed condition (e.g., speed or motive fluid condition).
for plural relatively movable working members in
which one of said working members is moved by a second working member
through a separating abutment connection.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 167 for an expansible chamber motor comprising a unit
having separately controlled working chambers the extension of which
equals the sum of the individual chamber extension.
Pumps,
subclasses 499+ for means to effect control of a pumping member controlled
port at different positions of the pumping member stroke by changing
the extent or varying the end limits of the pumping member reciprocatory
path.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the means which is moved or positioned
to change the extent of movement of the working member is actuated
by a motor.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 506 for a motor operated means to adjust the angle
of inclination of a reaction plate for plural radial cylinders for
the purpose of varying working chamber displacement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the expansible chamber is defined in
part by a deformable wall, movement of said deformable wall being
caused by or effecting expansion and contraction of the chamber.
(1)
Note. The deformable wall of the above definition may be either
(1) fabricated of flexible material or (2) formed by a plurality
or relatively movable rigid members hinged together in a manner
such that relative pivotal movement thereof is caused by or effects
expansion and contraction of the chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the extent of movement of said working
member is changed relative to and independent of the extent of movement
of another relatively movable working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the means which is moved or positioned
to change the extent of movement of the working member is limited
to be moved and held or positioned in one or more preselected adjustment
locations and not capable of being held or positioned in locations
other than or intermediate of said preselected positions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13.3. Apparatus in which the means which is moved or positioned
to change the extent of working member movement comprises an element which
is either (1) removed from the device and replaced therein in a
different position or location, (2) removed from the device or,
(3) assembled to the device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the means which is selectively positioned
or moved and held in different positions changes the extent of reciprocatory
movement of a single working member in one stroke direction only;
there being provided additional means which is selectively positioned
or moved and held in different positions for changing the extent
of reciprocatory movement of said working member in the other stroke
direction, said additional means being selectively positionable
or movable separately and irrespective of movement of said first
mentioned means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the working member forms a pair of axially
spaced working faces which are normally rigidly interconnected,
the selectively positionable or movable means being effective to
change the axial spacing of said working faces for the purpose of
changing the extent of reciprocatory movement of said working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the means which is selectively positioned
or moved to change the extent of working member movement comprises
an element having a portion which is positioned within the confines
of the working chamber and exposed to working fluid therein; the
portion of said element within the working chamber being either
(1) fixed against movement by the working member and engageable
therewith to limit the extent of working member movement or (2)
positioned on the working member for movement therewith and engageable
with a fixed member (e.g., cylinder end wall) for limiting the extent
of working member movement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which there is provided means for transmitting
motion to or from the working member comprising at least one element
(e.g., cam, gear, link, etc.), which is mechanically associated
with and movable relative to the working member; the selectively
positionable or movable means for changing the extent of working
member movement being operatively associated with said relatively
movable transmission element to either (1) limit the motion of said
element for changing the extent or varying the end limits of working
member or (2) change the driving relationship of said element relative
to the working member or another element of the transmission for
the purpose of changing the extent or varying the end limits of working
member movement.
for plural cylinders arranged in parallel, radial
or conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis and having means
which is selectively movable to adjust a relatively movable transmission
element for varying the displacement of the cylinder working chambers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which there is provided an element carried
by piston type working member which extends axially therefrom to
a location exterior of the working chamber (e.g., piston rod), the
portion of said element exterior of said working chamber being provided
with screw threads for threadably engaging the means which is positionable
or moved and held for changing the extent of working member movement.
WORKING MEMBER MOVES LOAD AND LATCHING MEANS FOR LOAD:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an element positioned to be moved by
a working member, said working member being capable of limited relative
motion with respect to said element, and means engageable with said
element to prevent movement thereof, said means being engageable
by said working member during the initial portion of its stroke
to disengage said means from operative position with respect to
said element to allow movement of said element in response to further
movement of said working member.
WITH RELEASABLE STOP OR LATCH MEANS TO PREVENT MOVEMENT
OF WORKING MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means engageable between a working
member or a member moved thereby and a fixed part, said means when
engaged being effective to prevent the movement of said working
member relative to said part in at least one direction of its movement
at some point along the path of travel thereof, said means being
selectively disengageable to permit movement of the working member
in such direction.
(1)
Note. The movement preventing means may be held in operative
working member movement preventing position by the working fluid
in the working chamber, or may be released from such operative position
by such working fluid.
(2)
Note. The movement preventing means may hold the working member
against movement either from the action of a mechanical force exerted
thereon or from a force exerted thereon by working fluid acting
against the end face thereof.
(3)
Note. For classification under this definition the means must
be released before any movement of the working member in the direction
in which it is held against movement can occur. A mere resilient detente
which is releasable responsive to a movement of the working member
is excluded from this definition. Such structure is classified in
subclass 30.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 41 for a correlated control of motive fluid, and locking
means for the working member of an expansible chamber motor.
Brakes, appropriate subclasses for a brake or latch, per se, and
particularly
subclass 67 for a brake or latch for a rod. Class 188 takes
a nominally claimed piston and cylinder, if the claim is otherwise
directed to a brake or latch means for holding the piston against
movement relative to the cylinder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus including means for actuating the movement preventing
means, said first means being capable of causing a predetermined period
of time to elapse before actuation of the movement preventing means
is effected.
(1)
Note. A device in which the movement preventing means is actuated
by a fluid pressure responsive member, which device includes adjustable
throttling means in a fluid conduit to said fluid pressure responsive
member to regulate the flow of fluid to said member to vary the
time required to sufficiently increase the fluid pressure to said
member to actuate the movement preventing means after initiating
flow of such fluid in the conduit, is included under this definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus comprising an element having the axis thereof
coinciding with the axis of the working member, said element being
connected to the working member so that reciprocation of the working
member effects relative rotation between said working member and element,
and in which the movement preventing means is adapted to engage
said element to prevent rotation thereof relative to said working
member, and thereby prevent movement of the working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in which the movement preventing means comprises
an element having intermeshing engagement with the working member
or member moved thereby, said element being adapted to intermesh
with said working member or member moved thereby at plural predetermined
spaced locations corresponding to spaced locations of the working
member along its path of travel, at least one of said locations corresponding
to a position between the opposite extremities of said path of travel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Apparatus in which means are provided to bias the intermeshing
element toward engaging position with the working member or member moved
thereby, so that the intermeshing element is self engaging as the
working member or member moved thereby reaches one of said predetermined
locations.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus comprising a member by which power is transmitted
to or from the working member, said member being connected to said working
member to permit relative movement therebetween and in which the
movement preventing means is adapted to engage said member to prevent
movement of said member and the working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in which the movement preventing means is movable
either to engage or disengage position by two or more separate means, said
means being distinct from each other and being operable independently
of each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus comprising two or more working members which are
movable with respect to each other and movement preventing means
to prevent movement of each of said working members, said movement
preventing means for each of the working members being actuated by
another of said working members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in which said movement preventing means includes
an element providing intermeshing engagement between the working member
and a fixed member.
(1)
Note. A member projected into a cylinder in a direction transverse
to the direction of movement of the piston to overlie an end face
of the piston to prevent movement thereof past said member is considered
as intermeshing with the piston and is included in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus in which the intermeshing element is moved to
or from, or retained in working member movement preventing relationship
by means of a member which is movable relative to said intermeshing
element, said member being movable responsive to the action of a pressure
fluid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Apparatus including a mechanical motion converting means
including a pivoted link between the intermeshing element and the
fluid pressure actuated member so that motion of the member will
be transmitted to said intermeshing element through said pivoted
link.
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus in which the intermeshing element is moved to
or from intermeshing relationship with the working member responsive
to the action of a pressure fluid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in which the disengageable means is moved to or
from working member movement preventing relationship responsive
to the action of a pressure fluid.
for an intermeshing movement preventing means actuated
by a pressure fluid. Note the class definition, Statement Relating
To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination
Subclasses, and the paragraph following the title in the schedule
of this class.
WITH RELEASABLE LATCH MEANS BETWEEN WORKING MEMBER AND POWER
TRANSMISSION ELEMENT AXIALLY SLIDABLE THEREIN:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the working member is provided with a
passage extending axially therethrough, and including an element designed
to transmit movement to or from the working member, said element
extending through the passage and mounted for sliding movement relative
to the working member, and releasable interengaging means for selectively coupling
or uncoupling the working member to the element to allow or prevent
relative movement between said working member and element.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a spring biased member having cooperative
intermeshing engagement between the working member or a member moved
thereby and a relatively movable element, the intermeshing engagement being
such that relative movement between the working member or the member
moved thereby and the relatively movable element effects disengagement
of the spring biased member from cooperative intermeshing engagement.
RECTILINEARLY MOVING WORKING MEMBER AND COAXIAL OR PARALLEL
ELEMENT SLIDABLY INTERENGAGED FOR RELATIVE ROTARY MOVEMENT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an element positioned with the axis
thereof coinciding with or parallel to the axis of the working member, said
working member and element being slidably interengaged and including
cooperating means therebetween such that (1) said element has rotary
movement and the working member has rectilinear movement or (2)
the element is fixed and the working member has both rotary and
rectilinear movement.
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 25+ for a mechanical movement for converting reciprocatory motion
to or from rotary motion, and particularly subclasses 55+ for
a cam and slide for converting reciprocatory motion to or from rotary
motion. Class 74 takes such mechanical movements even though a piston
and cylinder are nominally recited.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 233 for a valveless expansible chamber type motor,
in which the control of the motive fluid is effected by rotary motion
of the working member responsive to the reciprocation thereof.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclass 45 for an internal combustion engine provided with
a piston which rotates responsive to the reciprocation thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus comprising means engageable between the element
and a fixed part, and being effective to allow rotation of the element relative
to the fixed part in one direction of movement of the working member,
and to prevent rotation of said element relative to the fixed part
in the other direction of movement of the working member, said means
being moved to or from engaged position responsive to the action
of the working fluid for the expansible chamber device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus in which the element is positioned to extend through
a portion of the working member in some position of axial movement
of the working member.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a flexible structure which is capable
of expanding to increase the volumetric capacity thereof, said structure comprising
(1) a tube of flexible material having a circumferentially corrugated
or pleated wall, (2) at least two annular plates arranged in superposed
relation, said plates being hingedly secured together in sealed
relation along their inner peripheral edges only or (3) a pair of
rigid plate like members pivoted together along a portion of their
peripheral edges, the remaining peripheral edge portion of said
plates being joined together by a flexible member which is pleated
in some position of relative pivotal movement of the plate like
members.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 262+ for a volume or rate of flow meter which includes
a bellows type expansible chamber, and subclass 729.1 for a bellows
type fluid pressure gauge.
Fluid Handling,
subclass 510 for a line condition change responsive valve having
a separate connected fluid reactor surface in which the reactor
surface comprises a bellows.
Pipes and Tubular Conduits,
subclass 21 for a corrugated flexible tube, or pipe of general
utility. Class 92, Expansible Chamber Devices takes a corrugated
tubular member where the sole specific disclosure or a claim is directed
to a bellows element for an expansible chamber device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus comprising two concentrically arranged bellows
defining a ring shaped expansible chamber therebetween.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in which the plural bellows expansible chambers
are provided with passage means establishing communication between
the chambers formed by the several bellows, and including a body
of nonworking liquid contained within said bellows chambers such
that contraction of one of the bellows will cause such liquid to
flow into a second bellows to thereby cause expansion of such second
bellows.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in which the several bellows type expansible chambers
are provided with a wall secured to adjacent ends of the chambers
to form a closure wall for each of said chambers, said wall being
movable responsive to expansion or contraction of either chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus including a separate means other than the working
fluid associated with the bellows type expansible chamber for continuously exerting
a force in one direction of movement of said bellows type expansible
chamber.
(1)
Note. The separate means as set forth in this definition does
not include the inherent resiliency of the material forming the bellows,
but must include a separate member (e.g., spring) which member may
be secured to or embedded in the wall of the bellows.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus including means designed to subdue vibrations
incurred in the bellows type expansible chamber wall during expansion
or contraction of such bellows.
(1)
Note. A mere spring designed to bias the bellows in one position
of its movement is excluded.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus including a ring-like member positioned to abut
against the bellows type expansible chamber wall at the apex of
a pleat thereof, said ring-like member forming a means for restraining
radial movement of said pleat portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus including means associated with the bellows type
expansible chamber wall and axially movable therewith, said means
being engageable with a fixed member lying in the path of travel
of the bellows type expansible chamber wall to arrest movement of
said bellows type expansible chamber wall after a predetermined
extent of axial movement thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus including a rigid member extending parallel to
the longitudinal axis of the bellows type expansible chamber device,
said bellows type expansible chamber device having a portion thereof
slidably engaged with said rigid member, said member functioning
to constrain said bellows device to a path of travel extending parallel
to the longitudinal axis thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus in which the pleated portion includes a pair of
superposed ring shaped elements having the inner peripheral portion thereof
secured together.
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Apparatus in which a portion of the ring shaped elements
or the means forming the connection between the elements include
a nonmetallic material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus in which the bellows wall is formed of (1) two
or more different materials, (2) a single material which has been
treated to provide portions of the bellows wall with specific properties
which are different from the properties of another portion thereof
or (3) claimed as of a specific material.
(1)
Note. In part (3) the mere recitation that the bellows wall
is formed, for example, of "flexible material", "rubber", "leather" or "plastic" is
not considered as specific material and is excluded from this subclass.
However, specifying a kind of rubber, or plastic is considered a recitation
of a specific material for this subclass.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising two or more working members, each of
said working members having a portion of the wall thereof formed
of material which is pliable, and in which the flexing of said pliable
material constitutes the movement of said working member.
(1)
Note. A device comprising plural axially spaced flexible wall
members having working surface areas of the same size and forming
the sole means for dividing an encompassing housing into separate working
chambers, and in which movement of one flexible wall member is transmitted
to the second flexible wall members as a result of having said flexible
wall members in face to face contact, or spaced with an interposed
rigid element, or body of incompressible fluid to form in effect
a single diaphragm is excluded from this definition.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 263+ for a volume or rate of flow meter of the diaphragm
or collapsible chamber wall type having a plurality of diaphragms,
and subclasses 716+ for a fluid pressure gauge including plural
and/or differential diaphragms.
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in which each working member comprises a relatively
thin membrane like member peripherally secured to an encompassing
tubular structure and extending inwardly from said peripherally
secured edge portion forming a partition for said tubular structure, and
in which the surface area of one working member adapted to contact
the working fluid is larger than the working fluid contacting surface area
of a second of said working members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in which the working members form opposite walls
of a chamber which is adapted to contain the working fluid, said
working members being movable toward and away from each other during
the contraction and expansion of the expansible chamber device.
(1)
Note. A unitary bag-like flexible wall working member is excluded
from this subclass, such subject matter is classified below as indicated
in the Search Notes.
MUTUALLY RELATIVELY MOVABLE CYLINDER OR SLEEVE, MEMBER SEALINGLY
SLIDABLE THEREIN AND OUTER CYLINDER THEREFOR:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a first cylinder or elongated tubular
element, a member positioned in said first cylinder or tubular element in
coaxial relationship therewith, and a second cylinder for receiving
said first cylinder or tubular element therein, said member sealingly engaging
said first cylinder or tubular element and being axially slidable
relative thereto and said second cylinder sealingly engaging said first
cylinder or tubular element and being axially slidable relative
thereto and to said member.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 169 for an expansible chamber type motor in which the
chamber is formed of mutually relatively movable cylinder, sleeve
and piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Apparatus in which said first cylinder or tubular element
is so arranged in the device as to constitute a working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Apparatus including an additional cylinder receiving said
second cylinder therein in coaxial relationship, said second cylinder
sealingly engaging said additional cylinder and being axially slidable
relative thereto.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a cylinder having a piston therein,
said cylinder being mounted on a fixed supporting structure for
movement during operation relative thereto in a circular path of
more than 360 degrees about an axis other than the longitudinal
axis of the cylinder, said movement being responsive to or causing the
expansion or contraction of the expansible chamber.
Pumps,
subclasses 462+ for an expansible chamber type pump having a cylinder
which rotates about an axis other than the longitudinal axis of
the cylinder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Apparatus comprising a conduit for conducting fluid to or
from said cylinder, the axis of said conduit coinciding with the
axis of rotation of said cylinder.
for plural cylinders arranged in parallel, radial,
or conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis with means to
adjust the working chamber displacement thereof.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 472+ for an expansible chamber type motor having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship
with a rotary transmission axis.
Pumps,
subclasses 269+ for an expansible chamber type pump having three or
more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship
with a rotary transmission axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Apparatus in which the several cylinders are positioned
with the axes thereof parallel to each other and in which the axis
of the circular path extends in a direction parallel to the axes of
the several cylinders.
for plural cylinders arranged in parallel relationship
with a rotary transmission axis and having means to adjust the working
chamber displacement thereof.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 499+ for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
Pumps,
subclass 269 for expansible chamber type pumps having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Apparatus in which the several cylinders are so positioned
relative to each other as to have the axes thereof intersect at
a point on said axis.
for plural cylinders arranged in radial or conical
relationship with a rotary transmission axis and having means to adjust
the working chamber displacement thereof.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 491+ for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinders arranged in radial relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
KNOCKDOWN OR FLOW CONDUIT STORAGE OR RETRIEVAL MEANS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which either (1) the expansible chamber device
or power transmission portion thereof is adapted to be rearranged
for storage purposes or (2) the expansible chamber device is provided
with a conduit for conducting working fluid to or from the chamber
and means to return the conduit to or retain the conduit in a nonuse
or stored position.
(1)
Note. The mere movement of a power transmission element (e.g.,
handle) to an extreme nonuse position is excluded under this definition.
However, a power transmission having features provided for the express
purpose of allowing compact storage (e.g., sectionally hinged or telescoping
portions of an operating lever or means for permitting ease of disassembly
of an operating lever) is considered proper subject matter under
this definition.
Fluid Handling,
subclasses 355.16+ for apparatus for storing or retrieving a flexible
conduit which is not combined with a claimed expansible chamber
device.
Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,
subclasses 195+ for apparatus having a flexible conduit and terminal member
and means for returning or retaining the flexible conduit or terminal
member. Also, see section III (b) of the Class 239 definition for
a statement regarding various related subcombinations.
CONVERTIBLE, OR CHANGEABLE BY ASSEMBLY OR DISASSEMBLY:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus (A) adapted to be rearranged to perform a different
function or (B) adapted to be altered so as to operate in a different
way or change its function in some way by (1) disassembling the
device in some major portion and then reassembling the device with
the same or different portion, (2) disassembling some major portion
from the device, or (3) assembling some major portion to the device.
(1)
Note. A mere adjustment of some part of the expansible chamber
device, such as for example, an adjustable spring used to bias a
working member in a direction of its movement, or a radially adjustable piston
side wall portion is excluded from this definition, such features
being classified below.
(2)
Note. A portion of an expansible chamber device, such as for
example a working chamber liner which is adapted to be reversed,
replaced, removed or added to present a new working member engaging
surface but which does not change the mode of operation of the expansible chamber
device is excluded from this subclass, however where such change effects
a change in the size or shape of the expansible chamber device,
classification is in this subclass.
for a piston having a radially adjustable side wall
portion and especially subclass 204 for means to adjust the side
wall portion radially comprising a shim element which may be selectively
inserted or removed from between relatively movable piston portions.
WITH FLEXIBLE OR RESILIENTLY BIASED NON-WORKING MEMBER MOVABLE
WALL IN CONSTANT COMMUNICATION WITH WORKING CHAMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a movable wall for the expansible chamber
device other than a working member positioned to be in constant open
communication with the working chamber, said movable wall being
either (1) made of resilient flexible material or (2) urged in one direction
by means of a spring device.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising selectively adjustable means to change
the volume of the expansive chamber remaining after the working member
has reached the limit of its movement in a chamber decreasing direction,
said means not involving a mere stroke of the working member.
(1)
Note. The adjustment usually involves a selective movement
of a chamber wall or the opening or closing of a valve between the
expansible chamber and a blind chamber, i.e., clearance chamber.
(2)
Note. This definition excludes an expansible chamber pump
or motor having a valved clearance chamber in which the valve is
controlled in response to a pump or motor condition. Such pump or
motor is classified in the appropriate pump or motor class.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising two or more working members which are
movably related to each other.
(1)
Note. A fluid responsive element which is movable relative
to the working member, of an expansible chamber device and which
is utilized to perform work solely for use by a part of the expansible chamber
device, such as for example, to adjust a part of the working member,
or to effect a seal or a lubricating means between expansible chamber
device parts is not considered as a working member movable relative
to the working member of the expansible chamber device being acted
upon or modified by such element, and is excluded from this subclass.
Such structure is classified below on other features.
(2)
Note. Class 92 excludes multiple expansion type motors and
multistage pumps even if no valving is claimed if the claims do
include the fluid connection between stages of the motor or pump.
and the search there noted, for a working member
which is movable relative to a second working member and which operates
a latch or lock to secure said second working member against movement.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 152+ for multiple expansion type motors, subclasses
170+ for an expansible chamber type motor, having relatively
movable working members with one controlled by, movably interconnected
with or moved by another; subclasses 508+ for an expansible
chamber type motor having plural working members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus comprising a first working member movable along
a path, and a second working member coaxial therewith, means on
said first working member normally free of force transmitting engagement
with said second working member at some point along the path of
travel of said first working member and adapted to contact and move
said second working member at some other point along the path of
travel of said first working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Apparatus including a separate means other than the working
fluid associated with at least one of the working members for continuously exerting
a force in one direction of movement of said working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which one of said working members has at least
a portion of the wall thereof formed of material which is pliable,
and in which the flexing of said pliable material constitutes the
movement of said working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus comprising a first working member provided with
a rigid stem extending axially therefrom, and a second working member
provided with an opening extending axially therethrough, said rigid
stem on said first working member extending slidably through said
opening as said working members move relative to each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which (1) the relatively movable working members
comprise movably mounted cylinders or (2) the relatively movable
working members are disposed in movably mounted cylinders.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which the working members are of the type which
move back and forth in an arcuate path within a working chamber
to effect expansion or contraction of the expansible chamber, the
travel of said working members in one direction of said arcuate
path being limited to no more than 360 degrees.
for a plurality of reciprocating working members
which are positioned in movable cylinders which are mounted for
oscillatory movement in an arcuate path of not more than 360 degrees.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus including a shaft mounted for rotation, and a
means (e.g., linkage or gearing) interconnecting said shaft and
the working members so that rotation of the shaft effects reciprocatory
motion of the working members, or reciprocatory movement of the
working members effects rotation of the shaft.
for plural cylinders arranged in parallel, radial,
or conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis with means to
adjust the working chamber displacement thereof.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for mechanisms for converting one
type of motion into another, and particularly
subclasses 25+ for mechanisms for converting reciprocating movement
to or from rotary, and subclasses 640+ for means for converting
one type of motion to another involving gearing. Class 74 takes
nominally recited pistons and cylinders combined with a mechanical
motion converting linkage or gearing mechanism. For a further explanation
of the line between Class 74 and Class 92, see References to Other
Classes of the class definition.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 472+ for an expansible chamber type motor having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship
with a rotary transmission axis.
Pumps,
subclasses 269+ for an expansible chamber type pump having three or
more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship
with a rotary transmission axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Apparatus in which the working members form opposite walls
of a chamber which is adapted to receive the working fluid, said
working members being movable toward and away from each other during
the contraction and expansion of the expansible chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Apparatus in which the axes of the working members are coaxial
or parallel to each other and the axis of the shaft is parallel
to the axes of the working members.
for relatively movable working members interconnected
with a common rotatable shaft having the axis thereof extending
in a direction parallel to the axes of the working members.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 501 for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinder arranged in parallel relationship with a rotary
transmission axis in which the cylinders contain plural oppositely
movable pistons.
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Apparatus in which the axes of the working members are parallel
to each other, and the axis of the shaft is parallel to the axes
of the working members.
for relatively movable working members forming oppositely
movable walls of a common chamber and being interconnected by a
common rotatable shaft having the axis thereof extending parallel
to the axes of the working members. Note the class definition, Statement
Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination Subclasses,
and the paragraph following the title in the schedule of this class.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 499+ for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
Pumps,
subclass 269 for expansible chamber type pumps having three
or more cylinders arranged in parallel relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Apparatus in which the axis of the rotary shaft extends
transversely to the direction of movement of the working members,
and the longitudinal axes of the working members intersect the axis
of the shaft.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 491+ for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinders arranged in radial relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Apparatus in which the working members are so arranged relative
to each other that the longitudinal axes of the various working
members are parallel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Apparatus in which each of the relatively movable working
members is provided with an opening extending therethrough in a
direction perpendicular to the direction of a movement of the working
member, and the shaft extends through the opening in each of the
working members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which the working members form opposite walls
of a chamber which is adapted to receive the working fluid, said
working members being movable toward and away from each other during
the contraction and expansion of the expansible chamber.
for a plurality of oppositely movable flexible wall
working members positioned in a common chamber. Note the class definition,
Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination
And Subcombination Subclasses, and the paragraph following the title
in the schedule of this class.
for oppositely moving working members in a common
chamber, said working members being connected to a common rotatably
mounted shaft. Note the class definition, Statement Relating To
Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination Subclasses,
and the paragraph following the title in the schedule of this class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which the working members are interconnected
by means of a mechanical motion converting linkage device having
parts which are movable relative to each other.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an enclosure or casing for forming
the working chamber of the expansible chamber device, said enclosure
or casing being positioned within a cavity in the earth, the surrounding
walls of said cavity being in contact with and forming reinforcing means
for said working chamber forming enclosure or casing.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means for separating or filtering a
foreign material from a fluid which is adapted to contact a portion
of the working member to enhance the operation of some portion of
the expansible chamber device (e.g., working fluid or lubricant).
(1)
Note. Included under this definition are means for removing
a gaseous fluid from a hydraulic fluid, including means for bleeding
or venting a space designed to receive a liquid, but which may have become
filled with a gaseous fluid.
(2)
Note. Class 96 or Class 210 which are directed to fluid purification
take a fluid purification means (e.g., filter) when claimed, per
se, or in combination with an enclosure even though disclosed as
a cylinder or working chamber for an expansible chamber device,
regardless of the disclosed use of such means. Class 96 or Class
210 also take the combination of an expansible chamber device of the
type set forth in the class definition of the class (92), (A)(1),
combined with detailed means to purify the working fluid thereof
positioned either upstream or downstream of the expansible chamber
device unless there is a specific disclosure that such purification
is for the purpose of protecting some portion of the expansible
chamber device.
Class 92 takes the combination of an expansible chamber device
with a specific fluid purification means where such purification
means is specifically disclosed as protecting some portion of the expansible
chamber device. Class 92 also takes the combination of an expansible
chamber device and a nominally recited purification means regardless
of the disclosed purpose of such means. Recitations such as "a
filter", "a filter in the inlet line", "a
filter adjacent a port or opening" are considered nominal
recitations of a purification means and patents containing such
recitations are classified in Class 92 regardless of the disclosed purpose
of such means.
(3)
Note. The combination of an expansible chamber device of the
type set forth in the Class Definition of this class (92) section
(A)(1), with a nominally recited working fluid purifying means of
the type which constitutes subject matter for Class 96 or Class
210 as set forth in (2) Note is excluded from this subclass. For the
purpose of classification in Class 92, the nominal purifying means
will be ignored and classification will be on other features with
cross-referencing in appropriate subclasses in Class 96 or Class
210.
Receptacles,
subclasses 366.1 and 367.1+ for a vented closure for a
container in which the vented closure may include filtering means.
Class 220 takes a nominally recited cylinder, crankcase or engine
block provided with a specific vented closure including filtering
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Apparatus in which the fluid is a liquid and the separating
or filtering means is adapted to remove a gaseous fluid entrained
in said liquid.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes means for venting or bleeding
a gaseous fluid from a space designed to contain a liquid.
WITH FORCE EXERTING MEANS TO MOVE FLUID FROM NON-WORKING CHAMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means such as a pump for exerting a
force upon a fluid to remove such fluid from a space in the expansible
chamber device, other than the working chamber.
Power Plants,
subclasses 325+ for a pump in communication with the working chamber
of an expansible chamber device where the pump is more than nominally
claimed. Class 60 takes such combination even though the pump is
disclosed for the purpose of draining condensation or other extraneous
fluid from the working chamber.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclass 41.86 for crankcase ventilation for an internal combustion
engine, including pump means to force fluid from the crankcase.
WORKING MEMBER FORMS RESERVOIR FOR NON-COMPRESSIBLE WORKING
FLUID:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a working member having a chamber formed
therein, said chamber being in open communication with the working
chamber through a restricted opening in said working member end
face and forming a storage space for a noncompressible liquid type
working fluid, said noncompressible working fluid being effective
to move said working member upon being exhausted from said working
member chamber to said working chamber through said restricted opening.
WITH MEANS TO CONTROL FLUID FLOW FROM NON-WORKING CHAMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a passage communicating with a space
in the expansible chamber device other than the space which forms
the working chamber, and valve means for said passage to control
the egress of fluid from said space.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclass 41.86 for crankcase ventilation of an internal combustion
engine, including valve means to control the flow of fluid from
the crankcase.
Receptacles,
subclass 44 for a vented closure for a container in which the closure
includes a valve. Class 220 takes a nominally recited cylinder crankcase
or engine block provided with a specific vented closure which includes
a valve means.
LIQUID POOL SEALING RELATIVELY MOVABLE CHAMBER WALLS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a portion of the expansible chamber device
is provided with a space which contains a body of nonworking liquid,
the working member being provided with a portion which extends into
said liquid at all positions of movement of said working member
to form a seal between the working chamber and a nonworking chamber
space.
RESILIENT MEANS INTERPOSED BETWEEN WORKING MEMBER AND RELATIVELY
MOVABLE POWER TRANSMISSION ELEMENT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a working member and a power transmission
member movable with respect thereto, a resilient device interposed
between and in engagement with said members, said members being
so related that movement of one of said members is effective to
move said other member by means of said resilient element.
(1)
Note. A mere resilient piston side wall portion which forms
a seal means for the piston positioned between an end face portion
and a second piston portion such that movement of said end face
portion toward said second portion effects radial movement of said
resilient portion is excluded from this definition. Such subject
matter is classified below on other features.
for a resilient piston side wall portion interposed
between a piston end face portion and a relatively axially movable
other portion, and spring means for biasing said end face portion
and other portion toward each other to effect radial movement of
the resilient side wall portion.
for a resilient piston side wall portion interposed
between an end face portion and another piston portion in which
relative axial adjustment of said end face portion and other portion
effects radial movement of the resilient side wall portion.
for a resilient piston side wall portion interposed
between an end face portion and another relatively axially movable
other piston portion in which fluid pressure responsive axial movement
of the end face portion effects radial movement of the resilient
side wall portion.
Valves and Valve Actuation,
subclass 63.4 for an expansible chamber valve actuator having
a resilient means interposed between the actuator and a relatively
movable valve.
WITH CUSHIONING MEANS EFFECTIVE OVER A PORTION ONLY OF STROKE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means operable for a portion only of
the stroke of the working member, said means being effective to
cushion the movement of such working member over the portion of
the stroke in which it is effective.
(1)
Note. A device (e.g., spring) which is effective over the
entire stroke of the working member to urge the working member in
one direction of its movement is excluded from this subclass.
WITH REMOVAL CONDUIT FOR LIQUID SEEPAGE FROM EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a passage means communicating with a
space in the expansible chamber device which is intended to form
a receiver for liquid which escapes from the working chamber, said
conduit forming a means for allowing escape of such liquid from said
space.
PASSAGE IN CYLINDER FOR APPLICATION OF SEPARATE FLUID TO
CYLINDER AND PISTON SIDE WALL INTERFACE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the working chamber is defined by a cylinder
having a port or passage formed therein which terminates in an opening
on an interior longitudinal wall portion of the cylinder which is
adapted to be traversed by the working member, said passage or port being
provided for the purpose of allowing entry of a nonworking fluid
(e.g., sealant or lubricant) to the area of cylinder and working member
interengagement.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means for scraping, dissolving or otherwise
removing foreign matter from a part of an expansible chamber device,
said means being in nonsealing relationship with said part of the
expansible chamber device from which such foreign matter is being
removed.
SEALED OPENING IN LONGITUDINAL WALL OF CHAMBER FOR RECEIVING WORKING
MEMBER PORTION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising an elongated chamber for receiving
a reciprocating working member, the longitudinal wall of said chamber being
provided with an elongated opening extending between the ends of
the chamber through which a portion of the working member is adapted
to protrude and means cooperating with said chamber wall adjacent
the opening to seal the opening adjacent said protruding portion.
COLLAPSIBLE CHAMBER WALL PORTION (E.G., HINGED OR FLEXIBLE WALL):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a wall portion of an expansible chamber,
said wall portion being formed of flexible material or rigid members hinged
or interfitted together so that the members are movable relative
to each other; the flexing of the material or the relative movement
of the members constituting the movement which effects the work
function of the expansible chamber.
(1)
Note. As to portion (1) of this definition the sheet of flexible
material must be disclosed as of the type which flexes or is distorted
to cause expansion of the expansible chamber. A member formed of
flexible material such as a flexible material piston which is disclosed
as being slidable in a chamber to cause expansion of the chamber
is excluded. Such devices are classified below on other features.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 262+ for a flexible wall type, expansible chamber volume
or rate of flow meter, and subclasses 715+ for a flexible
wall type fluid pressure gauge.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus comprising a bulb, bag, box or other container
like enclosure formed of flexible material, said enclosure being
provided with a relatively small opening in a wall thereof through
which working fluid may be admitted to or exhausted from the enclosure.
Surgery,
subclasses 212+ for a pump or squeeze bulb type syringe. For a discussion
of the line between Class 92 and Class 604, see section III of the
class definition (92).
Pipes and Tubular Conduits,
subclass 30 for a pressure compensator comprising a flexible
bag member, adapted to expand and contract responsive to pressure
surges.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus comprising a pair of concentric rigid members,
said members being fixed with respect to each other and being radially
spaced from each other to provide a ring shaped space therebetween
and a ring shaped flexible wall portion spanning said space and
having the inner periphery thereof in sealing engagement with the
inner member and the outer periphery thereof in sealing engagement
with the outer member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus including a separate means other than the working
fluid associated with the flexible wall portion for continuously
exerting a force in one direction of movement of said flexible wall
portion.
(1)
Note. The separate means as set forth in this definition does
not include the inherent resiliency of the material forming the flexible
wall portion, but must be a separate member (e.g., spring).
Valves and Valve Actuation,
subclasses 61.3 , 61.4 and 61.5 for a flexible wall expansible chamber
valve actuator and valve which is provided with spring means for
biasing the flexible wall.
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Apparatus in which the force exerted by the means may be
selectively increased or decreased so that the force exerted on
the flexible wall portion by the means can be varied.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus comprising a relatively thin membrane-like member
having a peripheral edge portion, said member being adapted to be
associated with a surrounding or encompassing tubular rigid structure
to extend transversely thereof to form a closing wall for said tubular structure,
the outer peripheral edge of said membrane being in sealing relationship
with the encompassing wall of said tubular structure.
(1)
Note. The membrane-like member need not span the entire space
within the encompassing wall of the tubular member, but may be in
the form of a ring or frustum having the inner peripheral edge thereof
in sealing engagement with a rigid element movable relative to and coaxial
with the encompassing tubular member.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 269+ for a diaphragm type, expansible chamber volume
or rate of flow meter, subclasses 279+ for a diaphragm
for an expansible chamber type volume or rate of flow meter, and subclasses
715+ for a diaphragm for a fluid pressure gauge.
Fluid Handling,
subclass 315.05 for a fluid handling system with repair, tapping,
assembly, or disassembly means for a diaphragm type pressure regulator,
pressure-regulating valve or reducing valve, subclass 315.07 for
a fluid handling system with means to assemble or disassemble a
compressible tube or diaphragm type valve, subclass 510 for a line
condition change responsive valve having a separate connected fluid
reactor surface in which the reactor surface is a diaphragm, or
subclasses 843-860 for a direct response line condition change responsive
valve formed of resilient material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in which the diaphragm comprises two or more relatively
thin membranes positioned with one member overlying and spaced from
the other member, and means comprising a rigid element or an incompressible
fluid positioned between said members, so that movement of one member
is transmitted to said other member through said rigid element or incompressible
fluid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in which the periphery of the diaphragm is directly
secured along all of its length against motion in any direction
to the wall of a rigid structure which forms the working chamber
for the diaphragm.
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus including a rigid member spaced from the wall
of the working chamber and coaxial with such working chamber, said
rigid member being secured to a portion of the diaphragm lying inwardly
of the peripheral edge thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Apparatus in which said rigid member includes a pair of
plate-like members of the same area, said plate-like members being
positioned on opposite sides of the diaphragm.
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus comprising a rigid power transmission element
positioned within the working chamber, said element being unsecured
to the diaphragm (i.e., capable of movement with respect thereto)
and adapted to be abutted thereby.
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus in which a separate sealing gasket is interposed
between the peripheral portion of the diaphragm and the rigid structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in which the diaphragm is formed of (1) two or
more different materials, (2) a single material which has been treated
to provide portions of the diaphragm with specific properties which
are different from the properties of another portion thereof or
(3) claimed as of a specific material.
(1)
Note. In part (3) the mere recitation that the diaphragm is
formed for example of "flexible material", "rubber", "leather" or "plastic" is
not considered a recitation of a specific material and is excluded from
this subclass. However, specifying a kind of rubber or plastic is
considered specific material for this subclass.
for a bellows type expansible chamber portion formed
of a specific or diverse material. Note the Class Definition, Statement
Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination
Subclasses, and the paragraph following the title in the schedule
of this class.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product
in the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet which may be
nominally claimed as a diaphragm, or which may be described as,
or for use as, a diaphragm. Class 428 takes a named diaphragm where
the claim is directed to no more than a single or plural layer stock
material provided for therein.
Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or
Cloth, etc.),
subclasses 59+ for fabric which is coated or impregnated and subclasses
181+ for a woven fabric which may be bonded to a second
component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in which the working fluid contacting face of
the diaphragm is provided with an embossment formed by having a
portion of the material thereof deformed out of the plane of said
face.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus comprising a rigid tubular member, a second rigid
member movable relative to said tubular member positioned within
said tubular member with the axis thereof coinciding with the axis
of said tubular member, said members being laterally spaced from
each other defining a ring shaped space therebetween, the flexible wall
portion spanning said space for the full peripheral extent thereof
and being sealingly secured to said two members.
FLUID CONDUIT IN CONSTANT COMMUNICATION WITH RELATIVELY ROTATABLE
WORKING CHAMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a working chamber having a fluid conduit
connected thereto, said working chamber being rotatable about its longitudinal
axis relative to said fluid conduit, the connection between said
working chamber and fluid conduit being so arranged as to allow constant
communication between said conduit and working chamber, irrespective
of the position of said working chamber relative to said conduit.
ANNULAR WORKING MEMBER OR ANNULAR LINEARLY EXTENDING CHAMBER
THEREFOR:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) a ring shaped working member provided
with sealing portions along its inner and outer periphery for sealingly
engaging the spaced walls of a chamber formed between a pair of
fixed concentric members in which the ring shaped working member
is slidably disposed or (2) a longitudinally extending chamber for
receiving a ring shaped working member comprising a pair of relatively
fixed concentric members said members being spaced from each other
to provide a space therebetween.
for an annular working member having a coaxial element
extending therethrough and mounted for relative rotary movement
responsive to reciprocatory movement of the working member.
for mutually relatively movable cylinder or sleeve,
member slidable therein and outer cylinder therefor, in which the
cylinder or sleeve is an annular working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Apparatus in which the ring shaped working member is provided
with an elongated portion extending in a direction parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the ring, said portion being hollow and the
dimension of the outer peripheral portion thereof being less than
the dimension of the outer peripheral portion of the working member
end face.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a piston provided with an elongated
relatively slender tubular element extending axially therefrom and immovably
secured thereto.
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus in which the tubular element includes two or more
separate and distinct passages spaced from each other in a direction
perpendicular to the direction of the piston axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with a port opening
through a side wall portion thereof, and said port is in open communication
with the passage in the tubular element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Apparatus including an elongated member which is movable
relative to the piston, at least a portion of said member being
positioned within the tubular element.
for a working member provided with a hollow axially
extending hollow rod, and a second working member having a portion
thereon adapted to extend axially through said hollow rod and being
movable relative thereto.
for a ring shaped piston provided with a rigid axially
extending hollow stem, in which the stem moves relative to a portion
forming the working chamber for the ring shaped piston which portion
extends axially through the stem.
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Apparatus in which the member may be selectively moved in
the direction of the axis of the tubular element and held in different
axial positions relative thereto.
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Apparatus in which the member forms an actuator for means
positioned within the body of the piston which means operates to
vary the dimension of the outer peripheral portion of the piston
side wall upon movement of said member relative to the tubular element.
(1)
Note. A piston in which the member is rigid with a portion
of the piston forming the end face thereof is excluded from this
subclass. Such structure is classified below on other features.
for a piston having a pair of axially spaced rigid
members one of which forms an end face portion, and an interposed
side wall portion, in which relative axial movement of said rigid members
effects lateral movement of the side wall portion.
WITH AXIALLY EXTENDING ELEMENT MOUNTED ON WORKING MEMBER
FOR RELATIVE ROTARY MOVEMENT ONLY:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including an elongated member extending axially
of the working member, said member being secured to the working member
in such a manner as to allow rotation of said member relative to
the working member, but to prevent movement of such member in a
direction either parallel to or laterally of the axis of said working
member.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a cylinder adapted to slidably receive
a piston therein, said cylinder being mounted for relative movement
with respect to a supporting structure, movement of said cylinder
relative to said supporting structure being responsive to or causing
the expansion or contraction of the expansible chamber.
(1)
Note. An expansible chamber device in which it involves an
obvious matter of choice or reversal of parts whether the piston
is stationary and the cylinder movable or vice versa is excluded
even if the claim identifies the cylinder as the movable element.
In the case, however, where the cylinder, for example, is provided
with a specific power transmission element, or means to guide the
cylinder in a specific path, including an outer casing in which
the cylinder partakes of a relative axial movement incident to expansion
or contraction of the chamber, or where a specific form of mounting means
is provided to allow the cylinder to move about an axis incident
to the expansion or contraction of the expansible chamber, classification
under this definition results.
for a cylinder which is rotatable relative to a
working member slidable therein along an axis which coincides with
the axis of the cylinder, incident to the rectilinear motion of
the working member.
for a cylinder movable relative to a concentric
outer casing, and having a working member within such cylinder and
axially movable relative to both said cylinder and casing.
for a plurality of relatively movable cylinders
forming either (1) working members or (2) working chambers for a
plurality of relatively movable working members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Apparatus comprising means mounting the cylinder on the
supporting structure for movement about a fixed axis.
(1)
Note. A cylinder pivoted to a supporting structure for the
purpose of adjusting the angular relation of the cylinder relative to
the supporting structure, but which does not move incident to the
expansion or contraction of the expansible chamber device is excluded.
for a cylinder pivoted to a supporting structure
for the purpose of adjusting the angular position of the cylinder relative
to the supporting structure.
Measuring and Testing,
subclass 241 for a volume or rate of flow meter of the expansible
chamber type having a reciprocating piston movable in an oscillating
cylinder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Apparatus in which the conduit or passage means for admitting
working fluid to the cylinder extends through the axis of said mounting means,
so that working fluid may be admitted to said cylinder continuously
irrespective of the position of the cylinder relative to the supporting
structure about said axis.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 211+ for an oscillating cylinder provided with a ported
bearing or trunnion and valve means in said bearing or trunnion.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) a working member of the type designed
to move back and forth in an arcuate path of not more than 360 degrees
about a fixed axis or (2) a working chamber designed to receive
a working member of the type defined in section (1) of this definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Apparatus in which the working member comprises a blade-like
member having a rotatably mounted shaft secured along one edge thereof for
movement therewith and forming the means for transmitting mechanical
power to or from said working member, the axis of said shaft forming
the axis about which said blade-like member is adapted to move.
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus comprising a second blade-like member having one
edge thereof secured to the rotary shaft and extending outwardly
therefrom in spaced angular relation with the other blade-like member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus in which the connection between the shaft and
the blade-like member provides for limited movement of the shaft
relative to the blade-like member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus in which the blade-like member has a portion along
the periphery thereof which is movable relative to other portions
of said blade-like member, and spring means associated with said
blade-like member for urging said portion away from said other portions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus in which the blade-like member is provided with
a nonmetallic portion along the periphery thereof adapted to sealingly
engage a working chamber wall portion.
WITH DIFFERENTIAL RADIAL THRUST PRODUCING MEANS FOR WORKING
MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means associated with the working member
for exerting a force on the working member, or a major portion thereof,
in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the working
member to oppose a transverse force exerted on the working member
during the normal functioning of the apparatus of which the working
member is a part.
(1)
Note. The transverse force exerted on the working member due
to the normal functioning of the apparatus is usually that due to
a piston rod pivoted to the working member, the weight of the working member
when operating in a horizontal cylinder or the force exerted by
burning gases on a sloping face of the working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus in which said force exerting means comprises a
fluid under pressure, and means are provided to direct or conduct
said pressure fluid between a side wall portion of the working member
and the adjacent wall of the working chamber containing said working
member.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means designed to facilitate the removal
or replacement of a part of an expansible chamber device.
(1)
Note. Excluded from this subclass are devices including mere
securing means for either a cylinder or piston portion, which means
are so located as to be easily accessible, for example, means for securing
piston parts together such as bolts which extend through the piston face
for easy accessibility upon removal of a cylinder end wall is excluded. Included
in this subclass are, for example, an expansible chamber device
combined with a tool for disassembling or assembling a part of the
device, cooperating means between a cylinder and piston for facilitating
the insertion or removal of the piston from the cylinder, special
openings through which a tool may be inserted to assemble or disassemble
a part of the device, or specific structure of a piston having a
part removable therefrom which structure is specifically disclosed
as for facilitating assembling or disassembling such part from the
piston without the use of separable fastening means.
for an open ended hollow skirt type piston formed
of separable parts, and in which the parts are secured together by
means which may be easily accessible or detachable.
Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for an installation, removal, assembly, disassembly, or
repair feature,
subclass 421 for a close proximity labyrinth seal, subclass
435 for a piston ring, piston ring expander or seat therefor, subclass
511 for a dynamic circumferential contact seal intended for containment
or compression by a gland member in a packing box, subclass 551
for a dynamic peripheral radially sealing flexible projection (e.g.,
lip seal, etc.) for other than a piston, subclass 598 for a static
contact seal for use between parts of an internal combustion engine,
or subclass 630 for a static contact seal for other than an internal
combustion engine, or a pipe, conduit, or cable.
ABUTMENT CONNECTION BETWEEN WORKING MEMBER AND POWER TRANSMISSION
ELEMENT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a working member and a rigid power
transmission element positioned for movement therewith, said element being
unsecured to the working member (i.e., capable of movement with
respect thereto) and adapted to be abutted thereby.
for a concentric arrangement of tubular members,
including a working member said members being in sealed relatively
sliding relationship, and in which said working member moves one
of the other members through separating abutment surfaces.
for plural coaxial relatively movable working members
in which one working member is moved by a second working member
through separating abutment surfaces.
Valves and Valve Actuation,
subclass 63.4 for an expansible chamber valve actuator having
a lost motion or abutment connection between the actuator and the
valve.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a separate means other than the working
fluid associated with the working member for continuously exerting
a force in one direction of movement of the working member.
for an overcenter means for biasing a working member
in one directionduring a portion of the stroke, and in the opposite
direction during a second portion of the stroke.
Valves and Valve Actuation,
subclass 63.6 for an expansible chamber valve actuator which
includes spring means biasing the working member of the expansible
chamber device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in which the working member is normally maintained
in a position intermediate the ends of the working chamber by said
force exerting means, so that upon removal of the force exerted
to move the working member in the operation of the expansible chamber device,
the working member is returned to such position by said force exerting
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in which the force exerting means comprises a
spring device, said spring device being so related to the working
member that movement of the working member responsive to the action
of working fluid or a mechanical force to effect normal operation
of the working member causes said spring device to be extended from
its normal position of equilibrium, so that upon removal of such
force, the spring contracts to effect the return movement of said
working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in which the amount of force exerted by said force
exerting means on the working member may be selectively increased or
decreased.
Pipes and Tubular Conduits,
subclasses 30+ for an accumulator chamber adapted to receive a
fluid on one side of a movable wall and a confined compressible
fluid on the opposite side of the movable wall.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in which the force exerting means includes a portion
thereof in force transmitting engagement with the working member
end face.
WITH TOOTHED GEAR, SPLINE OR THREAD RIGID WITH WORKING MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means forming a part of the working
member for engagement with a relatively movable element, said means comprising
(1) a spline extending longitudinally of the working member, (2)
gear teeth or (3) a thread.
(1)
Note. A piston having a portion thereof provided with a threaded
or splined section for the sole purpose of securing a second piston
portion rigidly therewith is excluded from this subclass. Such structure
is classified below on other features.
for a rectilinearly moving working member and coaxial
element interengaged for relative rotary movement in which the interengaging
means includes a thread or spline on the working member.
WITH FLEXIBLE TRANSMISSION ELEMENT SECURED TO WORKING MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a flexible elongated element secured
to the working member and movable with the working member, said
elongated element functioning as a means for transmitting power
to or from said working member.
(1)
Note. Included in this subclass for example is a rope, chain
or cable having one end thereof connected to a piston and the other
end connected to a load wherein movement of the piston will move
the load.
and the search there noted, for a spring device
having one end thereof secured to a working member and being effective
to bias said working member in one direction of its movement.
WITH LINKAGE OR TRANSMISSION ENGAGING PORTION INTERMEDIATE SPACED
WORKING MEMBER END FACES:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a working member having a pair of axially
spaced end faces, and a portion located between and rigidly secured
to said end faces, said portion having means formed thereon to engage
with a mechanical motion converting linkage or power transmission
member.
for a plurality of relatively movable working members,
each working member having spaced end faces and a rotating shaft
engaging portion intermediate said end faces, said working members
being positioned side by side in parallel relationship.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 174 for a plurality of relatively movable working members, each
working member having spaced end faces and a linkage or transmission
engaging means intermediate said spaced end faces.
WITH CYLINDER WALL CONTACTING GUIDE ARTICULATED TO PISTON:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a piston type working member, adapted
to reciprocate within a cylinder, said piston type working member being
provided with a member pivotally secured thereto and extending coaxially
therewith, said member being slidably engageable with the walls
of the cylinder in which the piston reciprocates to guide the piston
in its movement in the cylinder.
WITH LINKAGE OR TRANSMISSION HAVING RELATIVELY MOVABLE MEMBERS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means for transmitting a force to or
from a working member, said means comprising a plurality of mechanically interconnected
members which are movable relative to each other, one of said members being
connected for movement with the working member.
for a working member having a relatively movable
power transmission element and means adjusting or limiting the motion
of said transmission element to vary the working member stroke.
for a plurality of relatively moving working members
provided with mechanical motion converting means connecting said
working members to a common rotary shaft.
for a linkage or transmission arrangement associated
with an expansible chamber device and in which such linkage or transmission
includes a gear, thread or spline rigid with working member.
for an expansible chamber device provided with a
working member having a pair of spaced end faces and a linkage or
transmission means engaging the working member at a point intermediate
the spaced end faces.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for a mechanical movement
or mechanism of general utility. Class 74 takes a nominally claimed
expansible chamber device combined with a power transmitting linkage
or transmission. (For a more detailed statement of the line between Class
74 and Class 92, see References to Other Classes of the class definition).
WITH SEPARABLE FLUID DEFLECTING SHIELD OR BAFFLE ON WORKING MEMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a plate-like member detachably secured
to a portion of the working member, said plate-like member being
for the purpose of diverting a fluid away from some part of the
expansible chamber device, or a part associated with the expansible
chamber device.
WITH RESERVOIR FOR NON-COMPRESSIBLE WORKING FLUID:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a chamber associated with the expansible
chamber device, said chamber being separate from that portion of
the working chamber traversed by the working member and being in
open communication therewith and forming a storage space for a noncompressible
liquid type working fluid when said fluid is not in that portion
of the working chamber traversed by said working member.
(1)
Note. A mere pipe or conduit leading to the portion of the
expansible chamber device traversed by the working member does not
constitute a reservoir for this subclass. For classification in
this subclass the device must include a container-like structure
into which the working fluid is exhausted upon being expelled from
the portion of the chamber traversed by the working member.
WITH MOVEMENT DAMPING MEANS (E.G., FLUID FLOW RESTRICTOR):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means associated with the expansible
chamber device to (1) resist or slow down the movement of the working
member or (2) absorb shock or vibration incident to the operation
of the expansible chamber device.
WITH ENCOMPASSING HEAT EXCHANGE MODIFYING SPACE OR JACKET:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a working chamber forming member provided
with a housing, spaced from and enclosing the outer wall thereof
to form a space between said structure and outer wall which space
is designed to (1) form a jacket for circulating a heat exchange fluid
therein or (2) form an insulating space to reduce the flow of heat
to or from the working chamber through the walls of said member.
(1)
Note. A cylinder head or end closure provided with a heat
exchange modifying space or jacket is included under this definition.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclasses 41.72+ and subclass 195 for a jacketed cylinder or end
closure therefor for receiving circulating heat exchange liquid
to cool the operating parts of an internal combustion engine. A
specific disclosure that a jacketed cylinder or end closure therefor
is to form a part of an internal combustion engine is sufficient
for classification in Class 123.
Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses for a heat exchange modifying space
or jacket of general utility. Class 165 takes a nominally claimed cylinder
or working chamber forming member of an expansible chamber device,
where the claim is otherwise directed to a surrounding space or jacket
designed to modify the heat exchange properties of the cylinder
or member.
Receptacles,
subclasses 592.01+ for a receptacle having means for maintaining its
contents above or below ambient temperature and particularly subclass
592.05 for such a receptacle having spaced walls.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in combination with features other than working
fluid conducting or admitting means, working chamber supporting
or retaining means, working member sealing, guiding or movement
facilitating means, or mechanical motion converting means articulated
to a working member and not provided for above.
(1)
Note. Fluid conducting or admitting means includes a conduit,
groove, channel or port designed to conduct fluid to or from the
working chamber.
(2)
Note. Working chamber supporting or retaining means includes
a means such as a casing, bedplate or framework for holding or maintaining
a working chamber forming member of an expansible chamber device
in a position for operation.
(3)
Note. Working member sealing, guiding or movement facilitating
means includes piston rings or seals, guiding structure on a cylinder
end member for encircling and maintaining a piston portion to a predetermined
path of motion and lubricating features, special cylinder and piston
surface structure or configuration to facilitate the movement of
the piston in the cylinder.
(4)
Note. A mechanical motion converting means articulated to
a working member includes a connecting rod or similar power transmitting
element which is movably secured to the piston.
(5)
Note. In this subclass for example are combinations with (a)
a heating element within the working chamber to evaporate a working
fluid which has condensed (b) a tool for radially adjusting a piston
side wall portion, said tool being mounted on the cylinder head
or end closure (c) a piston having a hook at one end thereof to
retrieve or grapple parts which may become detached or broken from
the piston.
for a nominally claimed art device (e.g., bicycle,
chair) which forms a support for the expansible chamber device,
no more of the art device being claimed than that necessary to mount
or support the expansible chamber device.
PLURAL UNITARILY MOUNTED CYLINDERS OR FRAME THEREFOR (161):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) two or more cylinders adapted to
receive reciprocatory working members, said cylinders being rigidly secured
together in a unitary structure, or (2) a frame or support having
means associated therewith for rigidly securing two or more cylinders
together.
(1)
Note. A single axially extending hollow tubular element provided
with a fixed partition for dividing the same into two distinct chambers
is included under this definition, also included under this definition
is a single axially extending hollow element having portions along
its length of different cross-sectional areas which portions form
separate working chambers. However, a single axially extending hollow
tubular element of uniform diameter in which the sole means for
dividing the same into two chambers is a reciprocatory working member
is not considered to constitute two or more cylinders for this subclass
and is excluded. Such structure is classified below on other features.
(2)
Note. Class 92 excludes multiple expansion type motors and
multistage pumps even if no valving is claimed if the claims do
include the fluid connection between stages of the motor pump.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 152+ for multiple expansion type motors and subclasses
508+ for an expansible chamber type motor having a plurality
of working members.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclasses 52.1+ for an internal combustion engine having a plurality
of unitarily mounted cylinders, subclass 195 for a frame construction
for an internal combustion engine having a plurality of unitarily
mounted cylinders.
Motor Vehicles,
subclasses 55+ for a motor vehicle having its motor mounted partly
or wholly on the vehicle"s lower running gear; subclass
63 for a motor vehicle having its motor mounted on the vehicle"s
body or body frame, connected to the vehicle"s rear axle,
and movable with the axle relative to the body or body frame; subclasses
291+ for a motor vehicle having a specific motor-to-body-frame
relationship; and subclass 312 for a motor vehicle having a frame which
is provided with structure adapted to receive or support a motor, a
change-speed gearing, or some other element of the vehicle"s
power train.
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Apparatus including means to enclose or support a mechanical
motion converting linkage including a rotary shaft, said means being
rigidly secured to the cylinder supporting means to form a unitary
structure therewith.
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Apparatus comprising three or more cylinders arranged with
the axes thereof lying in angularly related planes which intersect
at a common line.
for three or more radially arranged cylinders provided
with relatively movable working members secured by mechanical motion
converting means to a common rotating shaft.
Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 247+ for a volume or rate of flow meter of the expansible
chamber type having a plurality of radially arranged cylinders.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 491+ for expansible chamber type motors having three
or more cylinders arranged in radial relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Apparatus in which a pair of cylinders are positioned with
the axis thereof lying in angularly related planes, said planes
extending at an angle of less than 180 degrees relative to each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Apparatus in which the cylinders are positioned end to end
and have a common longitudinal axis.
(1)
Note. A mere axially extending hollow tubular element of uniform
diameter, in which the sole means for dividing the same into two
chambers is a reciprocatory working member, is not considered as
constituting plural cylinders, and is excluded from this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Apparatus in which the cross sectional area of a first of
said cylinders is smaller than the cross sectional area of a second
of said cylinders.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including (1) means to, apply, direct or conduct
a substance to a location between relatively movable parts of an
expansible chamber device designed to reduce the friction between
said parts or (2) means forming a part of an expansible chamber
device, which means is formed of a material which is normally applied
between relatively movable elements to reduce the friction between
said elements.
(1)
Note. Included under this definition are expansible chamber
device parts, such as for example, a piston formed of Teflon, mica
or a material having a high graphite content or other material known
to be self-lubricating.
Lubrication, appropriate subclasses for lubrication of general utility,
and particularly
subclasses 18+ for lubricating means for an engine cylinder. Class
184 takes a nominal cylinder and piston having lubricating means therefor.
For a more detailed statement of the line between Class 184 and
Class 92, see section III of the class definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus in which the lubricant is picked up or collected
and carried along by working fluid which is entering or being exhausted
from the expansible chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus in which a part of the expansible chamber device
which is in slidable engagement with another part of such device
is formed of material which inherently performs a lubricating function.
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus comprising a passage through which lubricant is
adapted to flow and means associated with said passage capable of
being operated to selectively open or close said passage.
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus in which a piston is provided with a connecting
rod pivotally connected thereto, said rod having an axially extending
passage means through which lubricant is conveyed between a lubricant
source and a portion of the piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus comprising a piston provided with means for (1)
holding or storing lubricant or (2) conveying or guiding lubricant
from one location on the piston to another location thereon.
(1)
Note. Such means may include an open peripheral groove or
channel either sectional or continuous, a port, slit, or any opening
through a portion of the piston disclosed as for the purpose of
conducting lubricant from one point to another.
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Apparatus in which said means includes a cavity, trough,
or other means which forms a part of the piston and acts as a reservoir
for the lubricant.
(1)
Note. A mere radially directed circumferential oil retaining
groove on the piston side wall portion having the open side closed
by the relatively movable cylinder wall is excluded. Included is
a circumferential groove having a configuration which permits the
retention of oil therein independently of the cooperating cylinder
wall, or a ported trough or chamber on a piston portion or generally any
receptacle means on the piston capable of trapping or collecting
lubricant for holding such lubricant or directing the same to some
specified outlet in said receptacle means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Apparatus in which said means comprises a passage or port
which extends completely through a portion of the side wall of the
piston so that there is an unobstructed opening from the piston
outer periphery to the interior of the piston.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a base, bracket, standard or framework
to which a cylinder or other working chamber forming means of an expansible
chamber device is secured to be supported in operative position.
(1)
Note. A mere cylindrical sleeve or casing claimed as a pump
body, crankcasing, cylinder block or engine block, which receives
a second sleeve therein claimed either as a cylinder or cylinder liner
which forms the inner surface thereof for slidably receiving a piston,
is not considered a support for this subclass and is classified
as a cylinder detail in subclasses 169+.
(2)
Note. This subclass will take those patents in which an expansible
chamber device is supported on a nominally claimed art device such
as a chair or bicycle. However, if the art device is claimed specifically,
i.e., more is claimed than that necessary to support the expansible
chamber device, classification is generally with art device.
for a cylinder mounted on a support, said cylinder
being mounted for movement relative to said support incident to
the operation of the expansible chamber device.
for a plurality of cylinders secured to a support
or frame to be immovable relative to each other when in an operative
position. Note section IV of the class definition and the paragraph
following the title in the schedule of this class.
Supports, appropriate subclasses for a support of general utility,
and particularly
subclasses 637+ for a machinery support. Class 92 takes the combination
of a cylinder or working chamber forming means of an expansible chamber
device and a support therefor where some specific structure of the cylinder
or working chamber forming means other than means which are designed
solely for the purpose of positioning or securing the cylinder or working
chamber forming means to the support is claimed. For example, the
mere nominal recitation of "a cylinder having a flange", "means
for positioning the cylinder on a support", or "openings
for the reception of bolts for securing the cylinder to a support",
will not preclude classification in Class 248.
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Apparatus in which the base, bracket, standard or framework
is particularly adapted to be connected to or cooperate with a vehicle
wheel.
SPACED CYLINDER AND PISTON WALLS DEFINE PASSAGE BETWEEN OPPOSED
PISTON SIDE WALL ENDS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a cylinder and a piston reciprocally
mounted therein, and in which a relatively small unobstructed space
or passage is provided between the side wall of the piston and the
adjacent cylinder wall, said space or passage extending from one
end of the piston side wall portion to the opposite end thereof
to allow working fluid to flow from the chamber formed at one end
of the piston side wall portion to the chamber formed at the opposite
end thereof.
Brakes,
subclass 316 for an internal resistance fluid brake comprising
a cylinder and piston, and passage means between the cylinder wall
and piston side wall to allow restricted flow of fluid from one
end of the piston to the other as the piston moves in the cylinder.
Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing means or process,
subclasses 411+ for a dynamic close proximity seal (e.g., contactless,
fluent, etc.) having a gap or clearance.
FLUID CONDUIT OR PORT IN FIXED WALL OF WORKING CHAMBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a passage or port adapted to conduct
and permit the entry or exhaust of fluid to or from the working
chamber of the expansible chamber device, said passage or port not
being in the movable wall portion of said chamber.
for a cylinder having one end thereof pivotally
mounted on a supporting structure, and in which the fluid conduit
or port for permitting entry or exhaust of working fluid to or from the
cylinder extends through the pivoted connection.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses for a fluid port or conduit
opening into the working chamber of an expansible chamber which
conduit is provided with selectively variable means to control the flow
of fluid through the conduit. A mere closure cap or plug for a port
or conduit opening into the working chamber of an expansible chamber device
is not considered as a means to control the flow of fluid through
the port or passage and is classified in Class 92.
This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Apparatus in which the working chamber is provided with
a removable end closure member, the port or passage being located
in said member.
WITH GUIDE OR SEAL ON CYLINDER END PORTION FOR PISTON OR
MEMBER MOVED BY PISTON:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means formed on an end portion of a
cylinder, and being engageable with the piston or a member moved
by the piston, said means being effective to (1) constrain said
piston or member to a predetermined path of movement or (2) provide
a sealing means between the inside of the cylinder and the outside
thereof.
Bearings,
subclasses 7+ for linear bearings. Class 384, Bearings takes
a nominally claimed cylinder and end wall therein slidably engaging
a rod to guide the same, however, where details of the piston are
included in the claim, classification is in this class (92).
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus comprising a second guide means positioned in
the end of the cylinder opposite the end containing said first guide
means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus in which the guide means is so related to the
cylinder end portion as to be movable relative to the cylinder in
a direction perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal axis
of the cylinder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus comprising a nonmetallic sealing element between
the cylinder end portion and the piston or element moved by the
piston.
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclass 18.2 for a flexible sealing element secured to a casing
portion and to a reciprocating rod portion to prevent the seepage
of fluid into or out of the casing. The mere nominal recitation
of a cylinder and piston does not preclude classification in Class
74.
Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing means or process,
subclasses 500+ for a dynamic, circumferential, contact seal for
other than a piston.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising particulars of a cylinder.
(1)
Note. Patents disclosing a cylinder or working chamber but
claiming no more of the disclosed device than what is descriptive
of a structure of general utility, such as a tube, container or
closure are classified in appropriate structural classes. Examples
of claimed features which are considered to be too special to the
cylinder art for classification in general structural classes and
which cause classification under the definitions are (a) a part
or other restricted passage for fluid flow, (b) a nominally claimed
piston, (c) the naming of a part as a pump body, engine block, cylinder
block, crankcasing or the like or (d) a cylinder or liner positioned
in a casing or housing and in which the casing or housing closure
secures the cylinder or liner within the casing.
(2)
Note. A cylinder head or closure, per se, claiming some structure
which goes beyond a closure of general utility, and which limits
such closure or head for use as a part of an expansible chamber device
is included under this definition.
(3)
Note. A piston and cylinder combination in which the cylinder
is nominally claimed is excluded from this subclass. Such structure
is classified below on the structure of the piston.
Pipes and Tubular Conduits, appropriate subclasses for the structure of a tubular
member even though disclosed as a cylinder for an expansible chamber
device. Class 138 takes a cylinder when the claims include no more
than the structure of a tubular member.
Receptacles, appropriate subclasses for a container and/or
closure therefor of general utility. Class 220 takes a nominally
claimed cylinder for an expansible chamber device when the claims
are directed to no more than the structure of a container. Also Class
220 takes a cylinder or cylinder head therefor to no more than a
container or closure therefor.
Pipe Joints or Couplings, appropriate subclasses for a joint between a plurality
of tubular members or between a tubular member and a plate-like
element. Class 285 takes a device comprising a plurality of tubular
members and means to join said tubular member together, even though
the completed structure may be disclosed as or nominally claimed
as a cylinder for an expansible-chamber device. Further Class 285
takes a joint between a tubular member and a plate-like element
even though the tubular member may be disclosed as as cylinder.
Closure Fasteners, appropriate subclasses for closure fasteners of
general utility. Class 292 takes a nominally claimed cylinder and
head or closure combined with means to secure the head or closure
to the cylinder.
This subclass is indented under subclass 169.1. Apparatus including structure specifically provided for
(a) increasing the rigidity of the cylinder, or (b) strengthening
the cylinder, or (c) bypassing the effect of pressure deformation
on the cylinder to a cylinder mounting structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 169.2. Apparatus wherein the structure of the reinforcing structure
comprises a member extending through the working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 169.2. Apparatus wherein the structure is the reinforcing structure
comprises a member extending parallel and concentrically with the
working member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus comprising a casing and a cylinder or liner positioned
within said casing to be encompassed thereby, and a removable closure for
closing an end of the casing, said cylinder or liner being secured
in said casing by the closure member, or by means which cooperate with
the closure member.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a piston as defined in the Glossary
of the class definition.
(1)
Note. A member secured to the piston so as to be immovable
relative thereto (e.g., rigid piston rod) when the piston is performing
its intended function in the expansible chamber device is considered as
forming a part of the piston.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclass 47 for a valved piston for use in an internal combustion
engine, and subclasses 193.1+ for a piston which is limited
for use in an internal combustion engine.
Pumps,
subclasses 545+ for a valved piston disclosed as for use in a pump. A
piston of the type in which a peripheral sealing element is adapted
to be deflected out of sealing engagement with a chamber wall during
a portion of the stroke of such piston, to allow passage of fluid
from one side of the piston to the other is not considered a valved
piston for Class 417, and is classified in Class 92.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus including a surface on the piston positioned to
be contacted by the working fluid, said surface being so shaped
that contact of the working fluid therewith effects either a rotary
movement of said piston about its longitudinal axis or a rotary
movement of the body of working fluid about an axis coinciding with the
longitudinal axis of the piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston includes a pair of axially
spaced rigid side wall portions and a body of liquid positioned
between said spaced portions for direct engagement with such chamber
wall when said piston is in operative position.
Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing means or process,
subclasses 411+ for a dynamic close proximity seal (e.g., contactless,
fluent, etc.) having a gap or clearance.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston includes a pair of axially
spaced portions each of which includes an end face and a side wall,
said spaced portions being rigidly joined by a portion of smaller
peripheral extent than the spaced portions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with a sealed
space in a portion thereof for the purpose of modifying the heat
exchange properties of said piston portion.
(1)
Note. The space may either be filled with a gas, or an insulating
material, or may be under a vacuum.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclass 41.16 for an internal combustion engine piston provided
with a closed space having a coolant material sealed in said space.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the peripheral portion of the piston
at the end thereof containing the end face portion has a shape in
transverse cross section other than circular.
for an open ended hollow skirt type piston in which
the skirt has a portion thereof, spaced from the end of the piston
containing the end face, oval shaped in transverse cross section.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus including a ball or roller bearing means mounted
on the piston for engagement with a working chamber wall when the
piston is in operative position.
Bearings, appropriate subclasses for linear bearings with
ball or roller anti-friction contacting surfaces. Class 384 takes
a nominally claimed piston and cylinder having ball or roller type anti-friction
contacting surfaces.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with a rod adapted
to transmit motion between the piston and a relatively movable member,
said rod being pivotally mounted on the piston and having the end
thereof which is joined to the piston in direct communication with
working fluid when the piston is in operative position in a working
chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with a fluid conducting
port or passage extending from the end face thereof through a portion
of the piston and (1) communicating with a cavity in the piston
for which the port or passage forms a restricted opening or (2)
extending through a wall of the piston other than the end face (3)
communicating with a cavity in the piston having a wall which is
radially movable and forming a side wall portion of the piston.
(1)
Note. See the search class notes under subclass 172 of Class
92 for a piston having an opening in the face thereof for admitting
or exhausting working fluid to or from a working chamber, said opening
being controlled by valve means.
(2)
Note. The mere claiming of a flow through passage in a well
type pump plunger is not sufficient for classification in this subclass.
Such plunger is classified below on its other features.
Brakes,
subclasses 316+ for an internal resistance fluid type brake (e.g., dashpot)
including a piston having a passage therethrough, for allowing fluid
to pass from one side of the piston to the other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Apparatus in which the port or passage communicates with
a cavity in the piston, said cavity having a wall thereof which
is radially movable and forming a side wall portion of the piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Apparatus in which the port or passage is provided with
valve means for controlling the flow of fluid through the port or
passage.
(1)
Note. The valve means under this definition must be some means
other than a means which has a valving action due to a radial movement
of the radially movably wall itself.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with opposed end
faces each of which is provided with a fluid port or passage.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with a chamber
having a restricted opening for communicating such chamber with
a source of heat exchange fluid.
(1)
Note. The fluid may be the working fluid for the expansible
chamber device, or a fluid which is separate and distinct from the
working fluid.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclasses 41.35+ for an internal combustion engine piston provided
with a cavity therein and means to circulate a coolant in said cavity.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus including a member joined to the piston by means
which allow separation of said member from the piston without in
any way destroying or permanently deforming the piston or member
or the means joining said piston and member together, said member
forming a support or bearing member for pivotally mounting a connecting
rod to the piston.
(1)
Note. An open ended skirt type piston in which a portion of
the skirt is detachably secured to a second portion containing the
end face and in which the connecting rod pin bearing portions forms
an integral part of such skirt portion or portion containing the
end face is excluded. Such structure is classified on other features.
Joints and Connections,
subclasses 52+ for articulated connections in general, particularly
subclasses 150+. See References To Other Classes. of the
class definition under "SEARCH CLASS", 403, for
the line between Class 92 and Class 403.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in which the means for securing the member to
the piston comprises a ring-shaped element positioned about the
outer periphery of the piston and forms a side wall portion thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in which the piston is formed of separate end
face and side wall forming portions and in which such portions are
secured together by means which allow separation of said portions
without, in any way, destroying or permanently deforming the end
face or side wall forming portions or the means securing said portions
together.
This subclass is indented under subclass 189. Apparatus in which the means for pivotally mounting the
connecting rod to the piston forms the means which secures the end
face and side wall portions together.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the side wall portion of the piston is
provided with a plurality of axially spaced relatively thin flexible
metallic tongue-like members extending circumferentially and radially
with respect to the piston axis, said tongue-like members being
formed as an integral part of the side wall portion and the outer ends
thereof forming the outer peripheral extent of the piston side wall
portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with a side wall
portion which is movable radially with respect to the piston axis,
and a separate spring device is provided for exerting a force against
said portion of urging the same in such radial direction.
for a differential thrust producing means for a
working member comprising a spring member for biasing the working
member toward one side of the working chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in which the radially movable side wall portion
comprises a lip made of flexible material extending around the periphery
of this piston and in a direction axially of the piston, and the
spring device exerts a force on said lip for urging the same in
a radial direction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in which the radially movable side wall portion
is, or is a part of an elongated hollow tubular skirt-like member
closed at one end by the end face portion and being open at the
opposite end.
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in which the hollow tubular skirt-like member
is provided with a slit in the wall thereof extending from the open
end in a direction toward the closed end thereof and in which the
spring device is positioned in the slit.
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in which the spring device comprises a discontinuous
ring-like element made of resilient material, a substantial portion
of the periphery of said element being in force exerting engagement
with the interior surface of the skirt.
for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with
a spring member for biasing a portion of the skirt radially, and
in which the force exerted by the spring is adjustable. Note "Statement Relating
To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination
Subclasses" of the Class Definition and the paragraph following the
title in the schedule of this class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in which the spring device comprises a discontinuous
ring-like element made of resilient material.
for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the
skirt is radially biased by means of a split annular type spring. Note "Statement
Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination
Subclasses" of the Class Definition and the paragraph following
the title in the schedule of this class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which means are provided to move and hold a
side wall portion of the piston to different positions laterally
of the piston axis to vary the peripheral extent of the piston.
for a piston having a radially adjustable side wall
portion, and provided with means for moving said side wall portion,
said means including an actuator extending through an axially extending
hollow rod on the piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in which the adjustable portion comprises a hollow
tubular skirt-like member secured at one end to the end face portion
and extending in a direction opposite from the end face, said skirt-like
member being open at one end and being closed at the opposite end
by the end face portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Apparatus in which the means for effecting lateral movement
of the skirt-like member comprises an element having a bevelled
surface, said element being movable relative to said skirt-like
member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in which the means for effecting the radial adjustment
of the side wall portion includes a spacer or shim element positionable between
relatively movable parts of the piston and which may be optionally
inserted between said parts or removed therefrom to effect such adjustment.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in which the side wall portion is positioned between
and in contact with a pair of rigid axially spaced end members,
said end members being capable of being moved and held to different
positions toward or away from each other, movement of said end members effecting
lateral movement of the side wall portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Apparatus in which the surfaces of one of said rigid end
members and side wall portion at the point of contact between said
member and portion are beveled.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in which the means for effecting lateral movement
of the side wall portion comprises an element having a beveled surface
and being movable relative to said side wall portion, so that movement
of said element relative to the side wall portion effects lateral
movement of said portion.
for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the
skirt is radially adjustable and in which the adjustment is effected
by a wedge member movable relative to the skirt. Note "Statement Relating
To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination
Subclasses" of the Class Definition and the paragraph following the
title in the schedule of this class.
for a radially expansible side wall portion positioned
between axially spaced relatively movable end members, and in which
the abutting surfaces between an end member and the side wall portion
are beveled to provide a wedging action.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the peripheral portion of the piston
includes a hollow tubular skirt-like member secured to and extending
in a direction opposite from the end face portion, said skirt-like
member being open at one end thereof and being closed at the opposite
end by said end face portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus including means adapted to be added to or removed
from the piston to vary the weight of the piston for the purpose
of (1) equalizing the weight of the piston with respect to another
piston with which the piston is to be associated or (2) equalizing
the weight of a portion of the piston with respect to another portion
of the piston.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes pistons provided either with
integral projections which may be cut away as desired to vary the
weight of the piston or with separate weight elements which may
be attached or removed from the piston to vary the weight of the
piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with a circumferentially
extending expansible ring positioned in a groove on the outer periphery
of the skirt-like member, and a substantially rigid elongated member
formed of material which is different from the material which forms
the skirt-like member, said member extending diametrically across
the interior of the skirt-like member and having an end thereof
extending through an opening in the wall of the skirt-like member
and abutting against said ring.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the piston includes as an element thereof
a portion which is formed of material other than metal.
(1)
Note. Since few trunk type pistons include nonmetallic parts,
all trunk type pistons which include a part formed of nonmetallic
material are classified in this subclass. Normally the nonmetallic
portion is for the purpose of modifying the transfer of heat between
piston parts.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the end face surface is provided with
a portion made of material which is different from the material
which forms another portion of said end face.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the skirt-like member is formed at a
portion thereof extending for the full perimetric extent thereof
with a pair of walls which are spaced from each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus comprising independent end face and skirt portions,
said portions being secured together by means of a separate fastening
element in the form of a spring-like device for effecting a resiliently
movable connection between said end face and skirt portions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the piston is formed of a plurality of
parts or sections, joined together by means which allow separation
of the parts from each other without in any way destroying or permanently
deforming any of the parts or the means for joining the parts.
(1)
Note. For classification under this definition, the parts
must constitute a major portion of either the end face or side wall portion
of the piston. A mere ring positioned in a groove about the periphery
of the skirt, for example, which forms but a small area of the side
wall portion is excluded. Such subject matter is classified on other
features.
Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for joints in general. Class 92
takes a joint between metallic parts where the sole disclosure is
directed to a piston structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus in which the parts are provided with cooperating
interengaging portions such that the rotation of one of the parts
relative to the other will cause engagement of said interengaging
portions to detachably secure the parts together.
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Apparatus including a separate element interengaging between
the relatively rotatable piston parts, said element when in operative interengaging
position being effective to prevent relative rotation between the
parts.
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus in which separable parts of the piston are so
interfitted or related as to remain joined in operative relation
to one another without the addition of a connecting or fastening
member which is intended to be entirely detached from the parts
when the parts are disconnected.
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Apparatus in which the threaded fastener is in the form
of a bolt or screw which extends through the end face portion of
the piston, and in which the head of such bolt or screw is accessible
from the side of the end face portion which constitutes the pressure
receiving surface of the piston.
for a threaded fastener for securing a separable
connecting rod mounting means to a piston, said fastener extending
through an end face portion of the piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the piston or a portion thereof is composed
of (1) two or more different materials (2) a single material which
has been treated to provide portions of the piston with specific
properties which are different from the properties of another portion
thereof (3) a specific material or (4) a welded brazed or soldered
joint.
(1)
Note. Under part (3) the mere recitation that the piston is
formed of iron, steel or aluminum is excluded since such subject matter
is extremely common in this art. However specifying, for example,
a combination iron and steel or iron and aluminum, or a specific
alloy is included.
for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with
a separate spring member for biasing a portion of the skirt radially,
said spring member being normally formed of material which is different
from the material forming the piston.
for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with
an element of diverse material extending through a wall of the skirt,
and abutting against a circumferentially extending resilient ring positioned
on the outer periphery of the skirt.
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in which one of the materials is in the form of
a thin layer of metal applied to the surface of the end face or
skirt-like member of the piston and which forms a unitary part thereof.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in
the form of a plural layer or coated article, and especially
subclasses 375+ for a coated or bonded rod or strand. Class 428
takes a nominally recited piston having a surface thereof provided with
a specific coating. However, a limitation in a claim that the coated surface
constitutes a specific part of the piston, such as the head or skirt, for
example, is considered a structural limitation and indicates classification in
Class 92.
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in which the end face portion of the piston is
formed of material which is different from the material forming
a major portion of the outer peripheral portion of the skirt-like member.
for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the
end face or skirt is provided with a surface coating which constitutes
a material for such portion different from the material forming
the other portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with an element
formed of material other than the material forming the skirt-like
member, said element being positioned in engagement with a skirt
portion, and being effective to restrain movement of said skirt
portion in a direction normal to the longitudinal axis of the piston.
for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with
a spring member for biasing a portion of the skirt radially, said
spring member being normally formed of material which is different from
the material forming the piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Apparatus in which the element is in the form of a laminated
plate-like member in which the different laminae are composed of
different metals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Apparatus in which the element is in the form of a ring
positioned about the skirt-like member and forming a portion of
the outer periphery of the skirt-like member.
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Apparatus in which the element is secured to the piston
by having a portion thereof embedded in a part of the piston in
such a way that removal of the member would require a distortion
or deformation of such element or piston part.
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Apparatus in which the axis of the ring-like member extends
transversely to the longitudinal axis of the piston and is positioned
to encircle a projection on the piston which forms the supporting
bearing for a transversely extending piston rod connecting pin.
for an open ended skirt-type piston having a surface
portion thereof provided with a metal coating which is molecularly
bonded to the metal of the piston surface.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the skirt-like member is provided with
a slit or other separation along the periphery thereof forming a
pair of spaced skirt portions, and means to bridge the space between
said portions comprising an inwardly bent web or corrugation formed
from the material of the skirt-like member, said web or corrugation
being resilient to allow relative movement between said skirt portions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the cross sectional shape of the skirt-like
member for a major portion of its longitudinal dimension is elliptical.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the skirt-like member is provided with
an elongated relatively narrow aperture extending through the wall
thereof normally for allowing relative movement between the parts
of the skirt-like member adjacent the aperture.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclass 174 for a plurality of relatively movable working members, each
working member having spaced end faces and a common rotating shaft connected
to said working members between said spaced end faces.
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus in which the elongated relatively narrow aperture
extends circumferentially of the skirt-like member in a direction
normal to the longitudinal axis of the piston.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus including another elongated relatively narrow
aperture extending in a direction which lies at an angle to the
direction of the first aperture.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the free end of the skirt-like member
has parts which are circumferentially spaced from each other.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the piston is provided with an apertured
connecting rod pin support portion, all parts of said support portion
being located within the hollow skirt-like member and radially spaced
from the inner periphery of the skirt-like member portion which
lies immediately adjacent said connecting rod pin support portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in which the end face or the skirt portion is
provided with (1) a projecting formation in the form of a rib or
corrugation or (2) a rigid member secured to an end face and a skirt portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston includes around the periphery
thereof a lip made of flexible material and extending in a direction
axially of the piston, said lip being adapted to be in direct contact
with working fluid to be urged in a radial direction thereby when
the piston is in operative position in a working chamber.
for a piston having a side wall portion which includes
a peripheral axially extending flexible lip, and provided with separate
resilient means to bias the lip radially.
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus including an element of a material other than
the material forming the lip, said element being embedded in the
axially extending lip for reinforcing the same.
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus comprising a plurality of peripheral axially extending
flexible lips, said lips being spaced one from the other in a direction extending
along the piston axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Apparatus in which each of the axially spaced oppositely
facing lips is formed on separate independent members, which members
are secured together by means which allow separation of the members
from each other without in any way destroying or permanently deforming the
members or the means for forming the members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus comprising a cup-shaped element formed of flexible
material having an imperforate planar portion forming the bottom
of the cup and in which the peripheral lip forms the side wall of
the cup.
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus in which the flexible lip is formed of metallic
material.
(1)
Note. A laminated lip forming member including layers of metallic
and nonmetallic material and in which the layer of metallic material
forms the outer periphery of the lip, which is adapted to contact the
working chamber wall is included under this definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston comprises a pair of spaced
relatively axially movable rigid members one of which comprises
the end face portion, and a radially movable element forming a side
wall portion of the piston interposed between said members so that
axial movement of said end face portion relative to said other rigid
member responsive to the pressure of working fluid acting on said
end face portion causes radial movement of said element.
for a piston provided with a side wall portion positioned
between a pair of axially spaced relatively movable rigid members,
and in which the axially spaced members may be moved and held to
different positions toward or away from each other to effect radial
adjustment of the side wall portion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in which the pliable nonmetallic portion forms
a side wall portion and is interposed between a pair of axially
spaced relatively axially movable separate rigid elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Apparatus in which the flexible nonmetallic portion comprises
two or more separate independent elements extending in axially aligned relation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Apparatus in which the pliable nonmetallic portion comprises
three or more separate independent axially aligned pliable nonmetallic
elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in which the flexible portion forms a side wall
portion of the piston and includes a pair of axially spaced flexible
elements having a nonflexible member interposed between said elements.
for two or more axially spaced flexible nonmetallic
elements interposed between separable rigid members, and including
a rigid spacer member positioned between said elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus including means formed of a material other than
the material forming the flexible nonmetallic portion of the piston,
said means being embedded in the flexible nonmetallic portion for
reinforcing the same.
for a piston having a peripheral axially extending
flexible lip provided with a reinforcing means embedded in the lip.
Note "Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving
Combination And Subcombination Subclasses" of the Class
Definition and the paragraph following the title in the schedule
of this class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in which the piston is formed of a plurality of
members joined together by means which allow separation of the parts
from each other without in any way destroying or permanently deforming
any of the members or the means for joining the parts.
for an open ended hollow skirt type piston formed
of plural separable parts. Note "Statement Relating To Placement
Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination Subclasses" of
the Class Definition and the paragraph following the title in the schedule
of this class.
Tool Driving or Impacting,
subclass 127 for a piston of a drive motor formed of plural
separate parts in which said piston forms an impacting hammer head.
Joints and Connections,
subclasses 230+ for a joint between a rod and a plate or head.
Class 403 takes a joint between a plate or head and a rod even though
the plate or head and rod are disclosed and nominally included as
a piston and piston rod. Class 92 takes the above combination where some
feature of the piston other than that which relates to the joint
is included. For a further statement of the line between Class 92
and Class 403, see References To Other Classes of the class definition
of this class (92). Class 92 takes a joint between metallic parts
where the sole disclosure is directed to a piston for an expansible
chamber device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Apparatus in which the members are secured together by means
of a separate fastening element in the form of a spring-like device
for effecting a resiliently movable connection between the members.
for a piston in which the end face portion is movable
relative to another portion of said piston, and having a spring
device interposed between said portions, such that movement of the end
face portion responsive to the action of the motive fluid will effect compression
of said spring device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Apparatus comprising a side wall forming portion and two
axially spaced rigid members, said side wall forming portion being
interposed between said members, said members being detachably secured
together.
for a piston having a side wall portion interposed
between a pair of separable axially spaced rigid members and in which
movement of the rigid members toward or away from each other effects
radial adjustment of said side wall portion
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Apparatus in which the means for detachably securing the
members together comprises a rigid elongated stem or rod, the axis
of which coincides with the axis of the members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Apparatus in which the piston includes a side wall portion
which abuts and is movable relative to another part, the abutting
surfaces of said side wall portion and the other part being bevelled.
and the subclasses there noted for a radially adjustable
side wall portion, in which the adjustment is effected by relative
movement between the side wall portion and a piston part in which said
portion and part have abutting bevelled surfaces.
for an open ended skirt-type piston having a portion
thereof welded, brazed or soldered to another portion. Note "Statement
Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination
Subclasses" of the Class Definition and the paragraph following
the title in the schedule of this class.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter not provided for in other subclasses.
(1)
Note. For example this subclass includes a housing for a mechanical
motion converting linkage or transmission disclosed as being interconnected
with an expansible chamber device, and not classifiable elsewhere.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for a machine element or
mechanism enclosed within a casing or housing. Class 74 takes a
housing for a crankshaft, or other Class 74 element where some detail
of the crankshaft or other element is set forth in the claim. However
the claiming of a gear as part of the device enclosed within the
casing will effect classification in Class 74 even though no detail
of the gear is set forth. Class 92 takes a casing for a shaft or
other Class 74 element, where disclosed as being associated with
an expansible chamber device, either, per se, or where such element
is nominally claimed, unless such structure is classifiable elsewhere
on other features.
Bearings,
subclasses 429+ for a crankshaft plain bearing and subclasses 457+ for
a crankshaft antifriction bearing which may include a housing or
casing for the shaft. The nominal recitation of the crankshaft will
not preclude placement in Class 384.
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