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CLASS 399,	ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class provides for electrophotographically reproducing an original (e.g., document) by the action of light directly from the original to a photoconductive member whose electrical conductivity, electrical charge, magnetic condition, or electrical emissivity of a photoconductive medium is selectively altered by the action of light to produce an electrostatic latent image which persists after imaging based upon differences in such electrical property. The latent image is made visible by development; and the developed image may be made permanent by transfer and fixing, or fixing. This class provides for the subcombinations directed to charging, developing, transferring, fixing, cleaning, or sheet feeding for an electrophotographic apparatus whether or not the imaging light is directly from the original. This class also provides for methods and means for perfecting the apparatus provided above (e.g., control of electrophotographic process, diagnostics, operator interface, etc.).

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY APPARATUS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE

In Class 250, Radiant Energy, subclass 315.3 provides for xerographic copying methods and apparatus which utilize invisible radiation, subclass 317.1 provides for infrared or thermal image document pattern copying methods or apparatus, and subclasses 582 and 583 provides for methods and apparatus to expose by radiant energy a recording detector. Copying methods are classified in Class 430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof.

ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY APPARATUS COMBINED WITH ANOTHER STRUCTURE OR STRUCTURES AND CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE

Claims which recite apparatus for photographing something other than an original or carrier as herein defined and also for copying an original or carrier are classified in Class 396, Photography, especially subclasses 310+, 322+, and 429+, or Class 346, Recorders. Class 386, Motion Video Signal Processing for Recording or Reproducing, provides for claims directed generally to recording or reproducing of a motion video signal, especially subclass 342, which is directed to photocopying that includes forming a television image by utilizing a cathode-ray tube. Class 396, Photography, subclasses 429+, provides for patents where only a nominal cathode-ray tube is recited. The combination of a detailed register with a broadly or specifically claimed copier is classified in Class 235, Registers. (See the first paragraph of the Class 235 class definition.)

ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY SUBCOMBINATIONS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE

Class 226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, especially subclasses 52+, provides for film advancing mechanisms where no more than a nominal optical or photocopying element is claimed. Photographic lights and projection lights, per se, are in Class 362, Illumination, subclasses 3+ and 257+. Class 271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, provides for sheet feeding or delivering means where no specific electrophotographic structure is recited. Class 359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements, provides for lenses in subclasses 642+, reflectors in subclasses 838+, and optical absorption filters in subclasses 885+.

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

SECTION IV - GLOSSARY

ELECTROSTATOGRAPHY

The formation and utilization of latent electrostatic charge patterns for recording or reproducing patterns in viewable form, for example: reproducing information from an original or carrier by selectively exposing a photoconductive member to an electrical or magnetic condition that produces a latent image whereby the image is developed to a visible image, then transferred and fixed from the photoconductive member to a medium.

LIGHT SOURCE

The source of illumination for the copier. The light source includes filters, reflectors, screens, and other light modifiers used to affect the spectral distribution, spatial distribution, and intensity of the illumination.

IMAGE

The representation of an object (e.g.,original, carrier) produced by the transmission or reflection of light incident upon the original.

IMAGE-BEARING MEMBER

A substrate for holding an electrostatic charge pattern or a toner image.

IMAGE, LATENT

The invisible image produced by the action of light alone or with other electrostatic charge-producing means on, or in, a photoreceptor. A latent image may be made visible by development.

IMAGING

Forming an image that is a reproduction of an original.

MACHINE

A complete unit, in itself, for imaging an original or carrier onto a receiver. It may also include means for developing, transferring, and fixing the image, as well as means for handling the record carrier on which the image is fixed.

MASTER

(a) The negative or positive original from which reproductions are made, (b) a microform copy used for the production of copies, or (c) a copy from which additional reproductions are made.

NEGATIVE

A visible image on a copy material in which the dark portions of an original appear light and the light portions appear dark.

ORIGINAL

Any object (generally two-dimensional) from which a copy is made by forming an image thereof on a photoconductor.

PHOTOCONDUCTIVE MATERIAL

A material that is an insulator in the dark and conducts electricity in proportion to the amount of impinging light or actinic radiation. This is usually provided as a layer of electrically conductive material on a conductive support. During use, the electrical conductor is charged (sensitized) in the dark, and light (in image configuration) allows or causes the electrically conductive layer to conduct so that the charge leaks through to the conductive layer leaving a charge pattern corresponding to the original image (electrostatic latent image).

PHOTOCONDUCTIVE MEMBER

A medium whose electrical conductivity, electrical charge, magnetic condition, or electrical emissivity is selectively altered by the action of electromagnetic radiation during imaging.

PLATEN

A flat or curved piece of rigid material on or against which an original is placed for imaging the original onto a photoconductive member.

TONER

Charged material (e.g., finely divided powder; i.e., usually thermoplastic or pigmented polymer particles), ink, or magnetic particles used in electrostatic processes to make visible a latent image and which may be treated (e.g., fused, dried, etc.) to render the image permanent. Toner can be charged by triboelectric action, by the direct application of charge (e.g., corona), or by inducing the charge through the action of the electrostatic latent image. The material may include or exclude a carrier element and may also be called "marking particles" or "developer material."

SUBCLASSES

1	COMBINED WITH DIVERSE SUBJECT MATTER:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein an electrophotographic device is combined with another art device or structure having an added purpose or independent utility other than to perfect an electrophotographic device and which combination is not provided for elsewhere. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 178,  Telegraphy,   subclasses 77+ for an electrophotographic copier combined with means for electronically sending a copy of the original from the copier as well as making a copy thereof. 347,  Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information, for diverse printers (i.e., ink-jet, thermal, LED, LCD),   per se. 358,  Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing,   subclass 300 for electrostatic or electrolytic facsimile recording apparatus. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. G03G 15/04 for exposing (i.e., transmitting the information given by the original image to the recording material). G03G 15/22 involving multiple steps. JPOFI G03G 15/22 103D for integrating in a facsimile.

2	With diverse image formation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for forming an image by an apparatus other than that provided for in this class. (1) Note. This subject matter, for example, may include an electrophotographic device that is combined with a raster output scanner used as an alternative exposure unit. (2) Note. Diverse subject matter may have techniques of image formation using an embossing.

3	Electrostatic:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Subject matter wherein the diverse image is formed by a charge pattern deposited onto or discharged from a medium forming a latent image. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 346,  Recorders,   subclasses 107.1+ for related photographic subject matter. 347,  Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information,   subclasses 112+ wherein an image is formed by depositing an electrostatic charge on or removing an electrostatic charge from a medium. 358,  Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing,   subclass 300 for electrostatic or electrolytic facsimile recording apparatus.

4	Light (e.g., laser, LED, LCD):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter wherein the discharge is caused by visible radiant energy. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 347,  Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information,   subclasses 129+ for LED"s, subclasses 134+ for LCD"s, and subclasses 224+ for lasers.

5	Shared optics:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Subject matter wherein a common optical component or light source is used for the image formation of this class and the diverse image.

6	Composite image:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Subject matter wherein an image produced by diverse imaging apparatus is combined with an image that is produced by the action of light directly from an original. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 194, for a composite image by light exposure directly from an original.

7	On or adjacent to platen:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 4.  Subject matter wherein an image source, other than an original provided for in this class, is used in addition to or in place of the original.

8	REMOTE MONITORING:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for transmitting or receiving data about a condition of an electrophotographic device or component thereof to an external location. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   appropriate subclasses for related subject matter. 379,  Telephonic Communications,   subclasses 102+ for signalling over a telephone line for control of a nontelephone device at a remote location. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 21/00 396 for central control or remote control over multiple apparatus. EPC G03G 15/00C10 for remote control machines (e.g., by a host).

9	DIAGNOSTICS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for detecting or analyzing (a) a condition that is outside the normal operating condition or (b) a malfunction or potential malfunction of an electrophotographic device or component thereof. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may include detection of an access door not being closed. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 8, for remote monitoring of an electrophotographic device. 38+, for control of the electrophotographic processes (e.g., charging, exposure, developing, transferring, fixing, and cleaning). 75+, for control of machine operations. 91+, for internal machine environmental control. 107+, for an electrophotographic device having particular structure. 127+, for supplemental electrophotographic processes. 130+, for image formation, per se. 343+, for cleaning an imaging surface. 361+, for document handling. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1.01+ for generic instrument calibration devices and methods. 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 452+ for testing a material property using electrostatic phenomenon (this type of test may be employed to determine the humidity or electrical insulating properties of copy paper, a photosensitive material, etc.) and subclasses 457+ which employ means to measure an electrostatic field, such a field being an integral property of the electrophotographic process. 356,  Optics: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 445+ for testing the reflectivity of the copy paper, for example, to determine proper exposure, toner concentration, etc. 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration devices. 377,  Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems,   subclasses 28+ for diagnostic testing of counters. 714,  Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,   subclasses 100+ for generic diagnostic testing involving data processing. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 21/00 386 for displaying and alarming. G03G 21/00 388 for control of electrographic apparatus. G03G 21/00 500 for special measures to malfunction. G03G 21/00 520 for a safety device of electrographic apparatus. EPC G03G 15/00D for self-diagnostics, malfunction, and lifetime display.

10	Log report:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein data is recorded or stored (e.g., in memory) of an analyzed performance, a malfunction, or a series of abnormal events of an electrophotographic device or component. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may include printing of status. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 83, for job mode selection with memory. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 365,  Static Information Storage and Retrieval,   subclass 48 for subject matter related to magnetographic electrophotography. 369,  Dynamic Information Storage and Retrieval,   subclass 125 for a photographic storage medium (e.g., variable density or area).

11	Service mode:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a technician operates or tests or calibrates the machine. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may include operating the apparatus or component without producing a copy. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 8, for operating or testing the machine from a remote location (i.e., over a network or phone line). 107+, for removal or insertion of components. 126, for mechanical adjustments. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 21/00 510 for check and maintenance of electrographic apparatus.

12	Unit or part identification:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for detecting or distinguishing an attachable or replaceable part of a particular type or color or manufacturer or condition. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may include a product identification of a replacement part that would otherwise be physically attachable to the apparatus (e.g., toner cartridges for different colors). (2) Note. For example, this subject matter may include determining if a component is new or used.

13	Component present or mounted:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for distinguishing whether or not a component is either present or properly attached in an operative manner. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 9, for detecting an access door ajar. 16, for diagnostics of document handling. 24+, for diagnostics of consumable materials.

14	Unacceptable copy coverage
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for determining that an acceptable copy cannot be produced because of the condition or nature of the original or an unsuitable feature selection or a machine default condition. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 21/00 390 for applicability and inapplicability.

15	By inspection of copied image:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein an image on a copy medium is analyzed. (1) Note. This subject matter may include a special test image for visual inspection by the operator. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 72, for controlling formation of a test image.

16	Document handling:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for analyzing a movement of a sheet medium through a traveled path of an electrophotographic device or component; or for analyzing the presence or absence of a sheet or recording medium, or holder therefor. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may include forms of movement such as feeding, inverting, stacking, sorting, collating, and conveying. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 361+, for normal machine operation for handling documents. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 226,  Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length,   appropriate subclasses for means to advance electrophotographic photoresponsive copy paper. 236,  Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,   subclasses 44+ for means to control the humidity of paper used in an electrophotographic copier, or the atmosphere within the copier to improve performance of the apparatus. 242,  Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   appropriate subclasses for subject matter related to winding and unwinding electrophotographic photoresponsive webs, etc. 270,  Sheet-Material Associating,   subclasses 1.1+ for related document handling subject matter. 271,  Sheet Feeding or Delivering,   appropriate subclasses for related subject matter. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 15/00 526 by detecting and correcting malfunctions related to paper handling. G03G 15/00 530 by measuring the characteristics of a means of discharging copies, of a sorter, and of a collator. EPC G03G 15/00J for detecting malfunctions relating to paper handling (e.g., jams). G03G 15/00J1 for detecting multiple sheets.

17	Of original:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Subject matter wherein the handling of the document to be reproduced is analyzed. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 14, for analyzing the condition of the image to be reproduced.

18	Malfunction detection responsive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Subject matter wherein the electrophotographic device performs a corrective operation in addition to or beyond displaying a warning or shuts down in response to the document handling abnormality. (1) Note. This subject matter may include, for example, performing a cleaning operation in response to a jam or the automatic displacement of parts. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C3 for machine control (e.g., microprocessor control).

19	Job recovery:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for completing a job run in progress or accounting for lost copies after an interruption or shutdown.

20	Purge:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for continuing sheet feeding despite a malfunction. (1) Note. This subject matter may include, for example, continued feeding of a sheet downstream from a jam. (2) Note. This subject matter may also include feeding out sheets left in an intermediate tray.

21	Jam:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for analyzing whether or not a sheet medium is traveling normally through a path.

22	Misstrip of copy:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for detecting whether or not the copy medium has failed to separate from an imaging or fixing member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 315, for details of the separation discharger (i.e., passive separation by neutralizing the transfer charge). 323, for stripping a copy during fixing. 398, for stripping from photoconductive member when delivering from transfer position. , OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: , IPC6 G03G 15/00, for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. , EPC G03G 15/00J2, for detecting missed stripping from a xerographic drum, band, or platen.

23	Copy medium supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for determining the need for replacement of copy medium.

24	Consumable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for determining the usable lifespan or exhaustion of a component or perishable material. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may also include maintenance counters. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 13, for component present or mounted. 23, for "out of paper" maintenance. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 21/00 512 for determining the time for repairing and replacing.

25	Process cartridge:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Subject matter wherein the component is a single unit that contains both a photoconductive member and an apparatus for one or more of charging, exposing, developing, transferring, and cleaning. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 111+, for process cartridge unit having particular modular or displaceable structure.

26	Photoconductive member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that determines whether or not a light-responsive member or a portion thereof is defective or needs replacement. (1) Note. A light-responsive member has a particular physical, electrical, or magnetic characteristic which enables the member to change its (a) electrical resistivity or (b) conductivity or (c) charge or (d) emissivity or (e) magnetic condition or (f) persistent internal polarization upon exposure to radiant energy in the form of light. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 116+, for photoconductive member having particular modular or displaceable structure. 161, for advancing a renewable section of photoconductor.

27	Toner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for determining whether or not replenishment or replacement is, or may be, required for developer material. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may include carrier particles. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 35, for diagnostics of cleaning a waste toner container. 49, for detection of toner involving plural control processes. 61+, for detection of toner in a developing unit. 99+, for toner removal. 106, for a toner cartridge. 120, for a new and waste toner container. 129, for supplemental exposure or charging of residual toner. 134, for image formation with photoconductive toner. 224, for adding colored toner. 239+, for application of liquid developer. 253, for conditioning dry toner. 254+, for mixing dry toner. 258+, for supplying new toner. 265+, for application of dry developer. 359, for supplying reclaimed toner to the developing device. 409, for binding copies by toner. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/08 for solid developer. JPOFI G03G 15/08 114 for detection of a toner level. EPC G03G 15/08H2 for detection of toner level.

28	Color:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.  Subject matter wherein an analysis is made of plural colors of toner.

29	Deterioration or developability of toner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for determining defects or abnormalities in material used to visualize a latent image. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 27, for an out-of-toner condition. 30, for the out-of-toner condition being determined by the concentration detector.

30	By concentration detector:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.  Subject matter wherein the need for replenishment or replacement is determined by a means or method that analyzes a ratio of toner particles to carrier particles. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 58+, for concentration control.

31	Image forming component:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that analyzes an abnormal condition for forming a latent or toner image. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 50, for controlling charging in response to a detected condition. 66, for controlling a charge applied for transferring an image.

32	Of exposure system (e.g., lamp, scanning, erase):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for analyzing a light source, light projection, or scanning system.

33	Fixing (e.g., over-temperature protection):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for analyzing an abnormal condition of permanently fixing a toner image to a copy medium or substrate. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 67+, for condition-responsive control of fusing. 91, for a fire extinguisher internal to the machine. 122, for fixing unit with particular modular or displaceable structure. 320+, for fixing (e.g., fusing), per se. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration devices. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/20 for fixing. JPOFI G03G 15/20 110 for preventing burn damage of the copy sheet.

34	Cleaning:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for analyzing the performance of a residual toner removal system. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 71, for control of cleaning during the electrophotography process. 123, for particular structure of a cleaning unit. 149, for combined development and cleaning by a single component. 245, for self-cleaning, with electrodes, a liquid development application member. 327, for cleaning of a fixing member. 343+, for cleaning an imaging surface (i.e., photoconductive member), including a cleaning member cyclically movable into and out of contact with the imaging surface. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 15,  Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   subclasses 1.51+ for electrostatic cleaning and subclasses 300.1+ for air blast or suction which may be used to clean electrophotographic, photoresponsive imaging surfaces. 134,  Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,   subclass 1 for cleaning applications of electric, wave, ray, or radiant energy.

35	Waste toner container:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for determining the condition (e.g., fullness, presence, absence, etc.) of a holder for removed toner. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 13, for a component present or mounted. 27, for diagnostic of consumables (e.g., toner). 49, for detection of toner involving plural control processes. 61+, for detection of toner in a developing unit. 99+, for toner removal. 106, for a toner cartridge. 120, for a new and waste toner container. 129, for supplemental exposure or charging of residual toner. 134, for image formation with photoconductive toner. 224, for adding colored toner. 239+, for application of liquid development. 253, for conditioning dry toner. 254+, for mixing dry toner. 258+, for supplying new toner. 265+, for application of dry development. 359, for supplying reclaimed toner to the developing device. 409, for binding copies by toner. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclass 612 for condition responsive indication of fluent material levels.

36	Of motive power or driven unit:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that analyzes the mechanical movement of a motor operation or motor-driven component. (1) Note. The component being driven may be a drum or the belts of a photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 167, for driving a photoconductive member.

37	Power supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that analyzes an electrical source or its connection to an electrophotographic device or component. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 88+, for machine operations with power supply. 168+, for charging of a photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 323,  Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,   for a power supply, per se. 361,  Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   subclasses 212+ for means to discharge or prevent accumulation of static electric charge and subclasses 225+ for electric charge generating or conducting means.

38	CONTROL OF ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY PROCESS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that senses a condition or change of condition and effects an image-forming operation of an electrophotography process (e.g., charging, exposing, developing, transfer, fixing, or cleaning), component, or device in response to the sensed or changed condition. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter includes the following controlling arrangements: control of ion modulation, forming a new latent image for plural developing or transferring in response to voltage detection, control of treatment of developed image prior to transfer, reformation of latent image for producing multiple copies, and enablement of image formation in response to detection of charge, exposure, or concentration. For other controlling arrangements within the electrophotographic apparatus which do not involve the electrophotographic process, see SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS in this subclass. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 9+, for diagnostics of an electrophotographic device. 75+, for control of machine operations. 92, for controlling a cooling fan in response to sensed temperature. 107+, for electrophotographic device having particular structure. 128, for condition responsive control of fatigue treatment (e.g., supplemental charge or exposure). 130+, for image formation, per se. 187, for condition responsive control of erase light. 343+, for cleaning an imaging surface. 361+, for control of an automatic document feeder in response to detection of original. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 15/00 303 for image quality control. EPC G03G 15/00C6 for measuring the copy material characteristics (e.g., weight, thickness). G03G 15/00C7 for measuring the photoconductor characteristics (e.g., temperature, a test patch).

39	Color balance:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for controlling each of a group of individual image formations that are combined to produce a color copy. (1) Note. This subject matter may include controlling charging or exposure or developing. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 28, for analyzing a malfunction or potential malfunction of color reproduction. 54, for color selection control. 112, for modular or displaceable color process cartridge unit. 178+, for formation of color separation images. 184, for color image editing of a selectable area. 223+, for development (e.g., applicators) of a color image. 298+, for transfer of a color image. 326, for fixing or fusing a color image. 344, for cleaning a color-image-bearing surface. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 430,  Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,   subclasses 42.1 through 47.5to produce a multicolor production (i.e., plural colors named or more than one color identified). OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/01 for producing multicolored copies. JPOFI G03G 15/01 for producing multicolored copies. EPC G03G 15/01D for details of unit. G03G 15/01D6 for developing.

40	Of overlapped toner images:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Subject matter wherein a second or subsequent color toner image is developed on the previously developed image(s).

41	Single detector for plural toners:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Subject matter wherein color balance is achieved by regulating the amount of colored toner being applied to a latent image. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 27, for diagnostic of consumables (e.g., toner). 35, for diagnostics of cleaning a waste toner container. 61+, for detection of toner in a developing unit. 224, for adding colored toner. 253, for conditioning dry toner. 254+, for mixing dry toner. 258+, for supplying new toner. 359, for supplying reclaimed toner to the developing device.

42	Artificial intelligence:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein an electrophotography system or method has the capacity to perform one or more of the functions of recognition, speech signal processing, knowledge processing (i.e., propositional logic, reasoning, learning, self-improvement), complex operations of a manipulator (e.g., robot* control), or inexact reasoning (e.g., fuzzy logic). SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 706,  Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,   appropriate subclasses for artificial intelligence, per se.

43	Responsive to number of copies or passage of time:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that effects a change in condition-responsive control according to an amount of copies produced or a passage of time. (1) Note. A control cycle being run every (n) times a copy is produced is classified with that control. (2) Note. A change in the set value of a process (e.g., charging, exposure, mode according to number of copies, etc.) that is otherwise not condition-responsive controlled is classified below. See SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS below. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 237, for adding liquid toner in response to the number of copies. 258, for adding dry toner in response to the number of copies.

44	Having temperature or humidity detection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that compensates or adjusts a control parameter in response to a temperature or humidity condition within the electrophotographic device. (1) Note. This subclass does not include temperature control of fusing in response to fusing temperature detection. For fusing temperature control subject matter, see SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS below. (2) Note. For example, a voltage applied to the charger is adjusted according to the temperature of the photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 69+, for temperature control of fusing. 94+, for internal machine temperature. 97, for internal machine humidity.

45	Responsive to copy media characteristic:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that compensates or adjusts a control parameter of the electrophotographic device in response to the detection of copy media type or attribute.

46	Of plural processes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for a controlling operation of two or more image-forming processes (i.e., charging, exposing, developing, or transfer) in response to a sensed or changed condition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 39+, for control of color balance controlling two or more processes.

47	Having detection of exposure light:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 46.  Subject matter wherein the sensed condition is light reflected from or passed through an original. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C5 for measuring the original characteristics (e.g., contrast, density).

48	Having detection of photoconductor potential:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 46.  Subject matter wherein the sensed condition is an electrostatic potential of a photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 73, for sensing means (e.g., electrometer or electrostatic voltmeter). SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 452+ for testing a material property using electrostatic phenomenon (this type of test may be employed to determine the humidity or electrical insulating properties of copy paper, a photosensitive material, etc.) and subclasses 457+ which employ means to measure an electrostatic field, such a field being an integral property of the electrophotographic process. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C7E for characteristics for an electrical parameter (e.g., voltage).

49	Having detection of toner (e.g., patch):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 46.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that senses developing material. (1) Note. Developing material may be applied in the form of a test patch or a developed image. (2) Note. Developing material may be detected in a developing apparatus before application to the latent image. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 27, for diagnostic of consumables (e.g., toner). 35, for diagnostics of cleaning a waste toner container. 41, for detecting plural colors of toner for concentration control. 61+, for detection of toner in a developing unit. 99+, for toner removal. 106, for a toner cartridge. 120, for a new and waste toner container. 129, for supplemental exposure or charging of residual toner. 134, for image formation with photoconductive toner. 224, for adding colored toner. 239+, for application of liquid developer. 253, for conditioning dry toner. 254+, for mixing dry toner. 258+, for supplying new toner. 265+, for application of dry developer. 359, for supplying reclaimed toner to the developing device. 409, for binding copies by toner. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C7 for measuring photoconductor characteristics (e.g., temperature, a test patch). G03G 15/00C8 for measuring the characteristics of an image on the copy material.

50	Control of charging:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a charge or potential level of a photoconductive member is adjusted in response to the sensed condition. (1) Note. This subject matter is for the charging of a photoconductive member only. For other charging (e.g., charging of toner), see SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS below. (2) Note. This subject matter includes, for example, using light exposure to control the charge level. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 88+, for machine operations with power supply. 100, for particle or contaminant control in removal of toner from a charging member (e.g., corona wire). 115, for charging unit having a modular or displaceable structure. 128+, for supplemental process (e.g., fatigue treatment) involving charging. 153, for simultaneous charging and exposure. 168+, for charging, per se. 296, for exposure or charging of a developed image prior to transfer. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 323,  Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,   for power supply, per se. 361,  Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   for subclasses 212+ for means to discharge or prevent accumulation of static electric charge and subclasses 225+ for electric charge generating or conducting means. 430,  Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,   appropriate subclasses for radiation imagery chemistry, process, composition, or product, especially Cross-Reference Art Collection 902 for cross-reference art collections involving charging. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/02 for sensitizing (i.e., laying down a uniform charge). JPOFI G03G 15/02 102 for arrangements for the control or the circuits. EPC G03G 15/02C for an arrangement for controlling the amount of a charge.

51	Control of exposure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for controlling the illumination of an original in response to the sensed condition. (1) Note. This subject matter includes regulating the amount of voltage or current to a lamp that illuminates an original or to a shutter in the optical path, or regulating the amount of light used in the formation of the latent image. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 177+, for exposure, per se. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/043 for controlling illumination or exposure. JPOFI G03G 15/04 120 for controlling the exposure. EPC G03G 15/052E for controlling illumination or exposure.

52	In response to light from original:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Subject matter wherein the illumination is controlled in response to the detected image density of an original.

53	Control of developing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that controls the application of toner to the latent image in response to detection of an image-forming condition. (1) Note. This subject matter may include, for example, dispensing toner in response to a sensed condition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 222+, for developing, per se. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 118,  Coating Apparatus,   for coating, per se. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/08 for using a solid developer (e.g., powder developer). EPC G03G 15/08H6 for testing or measuring developer properties or quality (e.g., charge, size, flowability).

54	Color selection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.  Subject matter wherein color of toner is selected in response to the sensed condition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 28, for analyzing a malfunction or potential malfunction of color reproduction. 39+, for balance control of color. 112, for modular or displaceable color process cartridge unit. 178+, for formation of color separation images. 184, for color image editing of a selectable area. 223+, for development (e.g., applicators) of a color image. 298+, for transfer of a color image. 326, for fixing or fusing of a color image. 344, for cleaning a color-image-bearing surface.

55	Bias control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.  Subject matter wherein voltage or current used to aid or influence development is controlled. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 240, for liquid application member with applied bias. 241, for liquid development with electrode influencing the attraction of liquid developer. 270+, for magnetic brush-type application member with applied bias. 285, for roller-type application member with applied bias. 291, for powder cloud applicator with electrode(s) influencing the attraction of dry developer. 293, for fluidized bed applicator with electrode(s) influencing the attraction of dry developer. 295, for cascade applicator with electrode(s) influencing the attraction of dry developer. 314, for electrostatic transfer with applied bias. 354, for cleaning an imaging surface by a fibrous brush with applied voltage. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/06 for developing. EPC G03G 15/06C for controlling the potential of the developing electrode.

56	In response to potential of latent image:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Subject matter wherein the bias is controlled in response to the sensed potential of a latent image to be developed. (1) Note. This subject matter also includes a "self-biased" electrode.

57	Liquid:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.  Subject matter wherein a liquid level, concentration, or additive is controlled in response to a detected condition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 237+, for liquid development. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/10 for using a liquid developer. JPOFI G03G 15/10 115 for detecting the liquid developer concentration. EPC G03G 15/10D1 for detection or control of the toner (liquid) concentration.

58	Concentration control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.  Subject matter wherein an amount or percentage of toner within the toner and carrier mixture is controlled. (1) Note. The concentration is generally effected by adding new toner to the developing unit. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 30, for toner concentration detector. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/10 for using a liquid developer. JPOFI G03G 15/08 115 for detecting and controlling the toner concentration. EPC G03G 15/08H1 for detection or control of the toner concentration.

59	Setting of reference value:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 58.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for designating a threshold level in response to a toner-carrier concentration.

60	Detection of developed image:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 58.  Subject matter wherein the concentration control is effected according to the sensed amount or density of toner that has been applied to a latent image. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 74, for a densitometer detail in an electrophotographic device.

61	Detection of toner in developing unit:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 58.  Subject matter wherein the concentration is controlled in response to detecting a property of the developer. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter includes electrical property of toner or charge/mass ratio (Q/M). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 27, for diagnostic of consumables (e.g., toner). 35, for diagnostics of cleaning a waste toner container. 49, for detection of toner involving plural control processes. 99+, for toner removal. 106, for a toner cartridge. 120, for a new and waste toner container. 129, for supplemental exposure or charging of residual toner. 134, for image formation with photoconductive toner. 224, for adding colored toner. 239+, for application of liquid developer. 253, for conditioning dry toner. 254+, for mixing dry toner. 258+, for supplying new toner. 265+, for application of dry developer. 359, for supplying reclaimed toner to the developing device. 409, for binding copies by toner. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/10 for using a liquid developer. JPOFI G03G 15/08 507K for detecting and testing.

62	Concentration detection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Subject matter wherein the concentration is controlled in response to a detected toner and carrier mixture ratio. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 30, for toner concentration detector. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/10 for using a liquid developer. EPC G03G 15/08H1E for a concentration being measured by electrical means.

63	Magnetic detector:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 62.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for detecting the concentration by using the magnetic properties of toner or carrier material. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/10 for using a liquid developer. EPC G03G 15/08H1M for a concentration being measured by magnetic means.

64	Optical detector:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 62.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for detecting concentration by using a light source. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 118, for optics with particular modular or displaceable structure. 137, for optical intermediate storage of original image. 196+, for variable magnification during exposure. 200+, for automatic adjustment of an optical component due to a change in magnification. 209, for a repositioning of a scanning carriage due to a change in scanning length. 216, for slit exposure by pivoting mirror. 218, for specific lens during exposure. 219, for fiber optics used during exposure. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 206,  Special Receptacle or Package,   subclass 316.1 for special receptacles for an optical or photographic means. 356,  Optics: Measuring and Testing,   appropriate subclasses for optical measurement and test instruments. 359,  Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,   subclass 12 for copying by holographic means. 385,  Optical Waveguides,   for optical waveguiding element, per se, particularly subclass 116 for imaging (i.e., with coherent fiber structure and includes shaping, enhancing, and correcting). OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/10 for using a liquid developer. EPC G03G 15/08H1L for a concentration being measured by optical means.

65	Including sample holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 64.  Subject matter wherein the toner to be detected is attracted to a detection location by an applied voltage.

66	Control of transfer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for controlling a parameter which causes a toner image to move from one surface or member to another. (1) Note. A parameter may be for example voltage, current, or pressure. (2) Note. Included herewithin is control of separation and electrical discharge of copy medium to remove charge applied by transfer. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 101, for particle or contaminant control of toner on a transfer member. 121, for transfer unit with particular modular or displaceable structure. 154, for image formation with transfer of latent image. 297+, for transferring a toner image, per se. 388+, for feeding a copy to the transfer position. 397+, for delivering a copy from the transfer position.

67	Control of fixing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for controlling a parameter which causes a developed image to be permanently attached to a copy medium or substrate. (1) Note. A parameter may be, for example, voltage, current, or pressure. (2) Note. Common applications for attaching an image to a copy medium are heat, pressure, and solvent. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 33, for over-temperature protection during fixing. 91, for a fire extinguisher internal to the machine. 122, for fixing unit with particular modular or displaceable structure. 320+, for fixing (e.g., fusing), per se. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration devices.

68	Conveyance of copy:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 67.  Subject matter wherein a speed at which the copy is transported through the fixing arrangement is regulated. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 361+, for document handling, per se. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration devices.

69	Temperature control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 67.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for controlling the amount of thermal energy that is applied to permanently fix a developed image to a copy medium or substrate. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 33, for over-temperature protection during fixing. 91, for a fire extinguisher internal to the machine. 122, for fixing unit with particular modular or displaceable structure. 320+, for fixing (e.g., fusing), per se. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/20 for fixing (e.g., by using heat). JPOFI G03G 15/20 109 for detecting and regulating the fixing temperature. EPC G03G 15/20H2P3 for controlling or regulating the fixing temperature. G03G 15/20H2P3A especially the axial heat repartition.

70	Warmup or standby mode:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69.  Subject matter wherein the temperature of a fixing unit is (a) controlled on power initiation or (b) set to a predetermined temperature when the fixing unit is idle. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration devices.

71	Control of cleaning:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for controlling a parameter which causes removal of developed material from an imaging surface after an image is transferred to a copy medium. (1) Note. A parameter may be, for example, voltage, current, or pressure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 34+, for cleaning diagnostics. 123, for particular structure of cleaning unit. 149, for combined development and cleaning by a single component. 245, for self-cleaning with electrodes a liquid development application member. 327, for cleaning of fixing member. 343+, for cleaning an imaging surface (i.e. photoconductive member), including a cleaning member cyclically movable into and out of contact with the imaging surface. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 15,  Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   subclasses 1.51+ for electrostatic cleaning and subclasses 300.1+ for air blast or suction which may be used to clean electrophotographic, photoresponsive imaging surfaces. 134,  Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,   subclasses 1+ for cleaning applications of electric, wave, ray, or radiant energy.

72	Forming test image:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for creating a latent or toner test image that can be detected. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 15, for inspection of copied image.

73	Electrometer detail:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for measuring a potential or charge level of a photoconductive member. (1) Note. The electrometer may also be called an electrostatic voltmeter. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 48, for detection of photoconductor potential. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   for electrical measuring and testing, per se.

74	Densitometer detail:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Subject matter wherein an arrangement is provided for measuring an optical density of toner. (1) Note. The optical density is the negative logarithm of the percent transmittance (or reflectance) or a transparent material (or opaque). For example, photographic transmission, photographic reflection, visual transmission of a material, etc. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 356,  Optics: Measuring and Testing,   for optical measuring and testing, per se.

75	MACHINE OPERATION:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for performing the basic cyclic operation necessary for the apparatus to run. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 9+, for diagnostics of an electrophotographic device. 38+, for control of the electrophotographic processes (e.g., charging, exposure, developing, transferring, fixing, and cleaning). 91+, for internal machine environmental control. 107+, for electrophotographic device having particular structure. 127+, for supplemental electrophotographic processes. 130+, for image formation, per se. 343+, for cleaning an imaging surface. 361+, for document handling. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 235,  Registers,   for registers, per se, include attachments to machines where the purpose is to ascertain or count the number of movements thereof. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. G03G 21/00 for an arrangement not provided for by groups 13/00 to 19/00 (e.g., cleaning or elimination of residue). JPOFI G03G 21/00 370 for control shared by components in the electrographic apparatus and control of the entire apparatus. G03G 21/00 388 for control of electrographic apparatus. G03G 21/00 502 for structure of a mechanical means adapted for controlling the electrographic apparatus. EPC G03G 15/00C for machine (e.g., regulating different parts of the machine, multimode copiers, microprocessor control).

76	Sequential control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Subject matter wherein the cyclic operation actuates the various components of the apparatus in the proper timing and sequence for producing a copy. (1) Note. Normal electrophotographic device functions, such as xerographic and paper handling, are classified below. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 235,  Registers,   for registers, per se, include attachments to machines where the purpose is to ascertain or count the number of movements thereof. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/14 for an electronic sequencing control. JPOFI G03G 21/00 372 for timing by simultaneous control.

77	Programmed:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.  Subject matter wherein the timing and sequence are provided by computer processing by a list of software instructions. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/14 for electronic sequencing control. EPC G03G 21/14 for electronic sequencing control.

78	Reference signal (e.g., pulse train):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.  Subject matter wherein the timing and sequence are provided by a generated series of clock pulses or a plurality of timed control signals. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/14 for electronic sequencing control. EPC G03G 21/14B for sequencing control wherein control pulses are generated by the mechanical movement of parts of the machine.

79	Accounting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided that authorizes, counts, or registers an amount of copy medium produced from an electrophotographic device. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter may include vending, renting, or charging a customer. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 235,  Registers,   for registers, per se, include attachments to machines where the purpose is to ascertain or count the number of movements thereof. 377,  Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems,   subclasses 13 through 16for accounting of machine or apparatus operating or monitoring time. 705,  Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice, Management, or Cost/Price Determination,   subclasses 400+ for cost or price calculations. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/02 for counting the number of copies, Billing. JPOFI G03G 21/00 392 for control on producing multiple number of copies; arrangement for collecting the coping fees. G03G 21/00 394 for structure of the counter used for electrographic apparatus. EPC G03G 21/02 for counting the number of copies, Billing.

80	User access:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79.  Subject matter wherein the authorization is provided by identification (e.g., ID number or key card). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 366, for restricted use based only on a property of a document or original to be copied.

81	Operator interface (e.g., display control panel):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Subject matter wherein an input or output arrangement is provided for communicating with an operator of the electrophotographic device. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 138, for operator adjusted density of an image formation. 158, for display of developed image. 182+, for editing color images. 387, for copy length adjustment. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 361,  Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   subclasses 679.21 through 679.3for computer related housing or mounting assemblies with display support. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C4 for user-machine interface; Display panels; Control console.

82	Job mode:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for selecting document handling functions to be performed on a group of documents by a sequence of operations. (1) Note. For example, document handling functions may include simplex or duplex, one or both sides, transparencies, number of copies, collate or stack, magnification, etc. (2) Note. This subject matter may include selection of a color to be used or a "default mode setting," in addition to other attributes. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 203, for plural exposure modes. 367, for plural modes of operation for an automatic document feeder. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 15/01R for setting, changing, and displaying the mode. G03G 21/00 376 for selection and display of copy mode. G03G 21/00 378 for automatic selection of mode. G03G 21/00 380 for guidance selecting a copy mode. G03G 21/00 384 for changing the control according to changes of copy mode.

83	Having memory:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 82.  Subject matter wherein the job mode is selected from or retained in an electronic storage unit. (1) Note. This subject matter may include a removable device (e.g., integrated circuit card). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 10, for storage of data on the operation of an electrophotographic device (i.e., log report). SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 365,  Static Information Storage and Retrieval,   subclass 48 for subject matter related to magnetos:graphic electrophotography. 369,  Dynamic Information Storage and Retrieval,   subclass 125 for having photographic storage medium (e.g., variable density or area). OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C9 for using information from an external support (e.g., a magnetic card).

84	Key sheet:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 82.  Subject matter wherein a job mode is determined in response to detection of indicia or a mark on an original or other medium. (1) Note. A mode is set, initiated, or changed by detection of a key sheet, marked original, or record card. The key sheet is generally on top of a stack of originals. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 382,  Image Analysis,   subclass 317 for image sensor control (e.g., OCR sheet controls copier or fax). OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C9F for being interleaved with the original or directly written on the original (e.g., using a control sheet).

85	Having mode change:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 82.  Subject matter wherein the job mode is changeable to a different setting automatically or during operation.

86	Auto copy size or magnification:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Subject matter wherein the job mode is automatic selection of the size of the copy medium or the magnification. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00C11 for matching the image with the size of the copy material (e.g., by calculating the magnification or selecting the adequate copy material size).

87	Having priority interrupt:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Subject matter wherein an operating mode is stopped to allow a second job mode to be run and the original mode is returned to after the completion of the second job mode. (1) Note. Generally a first mode of operation is interrupted before completion to enter a second job mode. This includes returning to the first mode after completing the second. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 19, for job recovery after interruption.

88	Having power supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for feeding electrical energy to an electrophotographic device. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 37, for diagnostics of power supplied to an electrophotographic device or component. 168+, for charging a photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 323,  Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,   for power supply, per se. 361,  Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   for subclasses 212+ for means to discharge or prevent accumulation of static electric charge and subclasses 225+ for electric charge generating or conducting means. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. JPOFI G03G 21/00 398 for electrical power source control, (e.g., arrangement for electrical power sources). EPC G03G 15/00P for details relating to power supplies, circuit boards, and electrical connections.

89	Supplying power to charger:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Subject matter wherein the power is supplied to a charging unit for charging a photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 168+, for charging, per se. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 361,  Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   subclass 235 for specific power supply of electric charge generating or conducting means. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/02E for supplying power to the sensitizing device.

90	Electrical connection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for connecting electrical signals or power between operative components or for a ground connection to a photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 88, for having a power supply. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 309.16 through 309.9for timer controlled systems. 368,  Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,   subclasses 1+ for a timer controlled by a disparate device and subclasses 10+ for a timer combined with a disparate device. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/00 for an electrographic process using a charge pattern. EPC G03G 15/00P for details relating to power supplies, circuit boards, and electrical connections.

91	INTERNAL MACHINE ENVIRONMENT:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein method or apparatus is provided that prevents or ameliorates adverse conditions of the machine interior atmosphere. (1) Note. For example, adverse conditions include high or low temperature, vibration, noise, humidity, scattered toner, or contaminants. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 9+, for diagnostics of an electrophotographic device. 33, for over-temperature protection during fixing. 38+, for control of the electrophotographic processes (e.g., charging, exposure, developing, transferring, fixing, and cleaning). 67+, for condition-responsive control of fusing. 75+, for control of machine operations. 107+, for electrophotographic device having particular structure. 122, for fixing unit with particular modular or displaceable structure. 127+, for supplemental electrophotographic processes. 130+, for image formation, per se. 320+, for fixing (e.g., fusing), per se. 343+, for cleaning an imaging surface. 361+, for document handling. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 236,  Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,   for humidity and temperature control, per se. 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration devices. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/20 for humidity or temperature control. JPOFI G03G 21/00 530 for internal apparatus environment control of the electrographic apparatus. EPC G03G 21/20 for humidity or temperature control, also ozone evacuation; internal apparatus environment control.

92	Forced air circulation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 91.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for generating air flow within the electrophotographic device. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 343, for cleaning an imaging member by air or vacuum. 355, for air circulation used in conjunction with a cleaning brush. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/20 for humidity or temperature control. JPOFI G03G 21/00 538 for removal of unnecessary substances from atmospheric air. JPOFI G03G 21/00 540 for ozone evaluation.

93	Having filtering (e.g., ozone removal):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for screening out particles or gas within the atmosphere of the electrophotographic device. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/20 for humidity or temperature control. JPOFI G03G 21/00 534 for humidity or temperature control (e.g., by using a heater or a fan).

94	Temperature:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 91.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for adjusting or dealing with adverse temperature within the electrophotographic device. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 33, for over-temperature protection of a fuser. 44, for having temperature or humidity detection. 69+, for condition-responsive temperature control of fusing. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration devices.

95	Platen:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 94.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided to prevent overheating of a structure for supporting an original during exposure.

96	Photoconductive member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 94.  Subject matter wherein a means or method is provided for heating or cooling a photoconductive member. (1) Note. For example, this subject matter includes detecting a temperature of a photoconductive member for controlling the heating or cooling thereof.

97	Humidity:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 91.  Subject matter wherein an arrangement is provided for regulating or ameliorating adverse conditions due to the moisture content of the environment within the electrophotographic device. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 44, for temperature or humidity detection. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 236,  Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,   for humidity control, per se. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/20 for humidity or temperature control. JPOFI G03G 21/00 534 for humidity or temperature control (e.g., by using a heater or a fan).

98	Particle or contaminant control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 91.  Subject matter wherein an arrangement is provided that limits the harmful effects caused by toner dust, mist, or other airborne fragments. (1) Note. This subject matter also includes applying a voltage or electrical connection to part(s) of the apparatus to prevent the attraction or settling of airborne particles. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 343+, for cleaning a photoconductive member. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 21/00 for an arrangement not provided for by groups 13/00 to 19/00 (e.g., cleaning or elimination of residue). JPOFI G03G 21/00 310 for cleaning (e.g., elimination of residual magnetic powder or elimination of paper residue).

99	Toner removal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 98.  Subject matter wherein an arrangement is provided for the cleaning of scattered, airborne, or spilled toner from parts of the electrophotographic device other than the surface bearing a developed electrostatic latent image. (1) Note. This subject matter also includes an arrangement for cleaning toner from the surface of the photoconductive member that does not receive toner for imaging. For cleaning toner from parts that normally come in contact with toner (e.g., developing, doctor blade, etc.), see SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS below. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 27, for diagnostic of consumables (e.g., toner). 35, for diagnostics of cleaning a waste toner container. 49, for detection of toner involving plural control processes. 61+, for detection of toner in a developing unit. 106, for a toner cartridge. 120, for a new and waste toner container. 129, for supplemental exposure or charging of residual toner. 134, for image formation with photoconductive toner. 222+, for cleaning toner from a developing unit. 224, for adding colored toner. 239+, for application of liquid developer. 253, for conditioning dry toner. 254+, for mixing dry toner. 258+, for supplying new toner. 265+, for application of dry developer. 359, for supplying reclaimed toner to the developing device. 409, for binding copies by toner.

100	Charging member (e.g., corona wire):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 99.  Subject matter wherein particles or contaminants are removed from the apparatus for applying charge to the photoconductive member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 50, for control of charging. 115, for charging unit having a modular or displaceable structure. 128+, for supplemental process (e.g., fatigue treatment) involving charging. 153, for simultaneous charging and exposure. 168+, for charging, per se. 296, for exposure or charging of a developed image prior to transfer. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 323,  Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,   for power supply, per se. 361,  Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   for subclasses 212+ for means to discharge or prevent accumulation of static electric charge and subclasses 225+ for electric charge generating or conducting means. 430,  Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,   appropriate subclasses for radiation imagery chemistry, process, composition, or product, especially Cross-Reference Art Collection 902 for charging. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/02 for laying down a uniform charge (e.g., for sensitizing; corona discharge device). JPOFI G03G 15/02 103 for safety and cleaning arrangement. EPC G03G 15/02B for the maintenance of the charging device (e.g., cleaning device or ozone removing device).

101	Transfer member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 99.  Subject matter wherein particles or contaminants are removed from the apparatus for transferring a latent image to a copy medium. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 66, for condition responsive control of transfer. 121, for transfer unit with particular modular or displaceable structure. 154, for image formation with transfer of latent image. 297+, for transferring a toner image, per se. 388+, for feeding a copy to the transfer position. 397+, for delivering a copy from the transfer position.

102	Seal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 98.  Subject matter wherein an arrangement is provided that prevents the escape of toner or developer material from an internal unit.

103	Developer seal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102.  Subject matter wherein an arrangement is provided for preventing toner from escaping the developing unit. OTHER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS: Type: Class/Subclass: Group: Description: IPC6 G03G 15/08 for using solid developer or powder developer. JPOFI G03G 15/08 505 for preventing the toner scattering. G03G 15/09 for preventing the toner scattering using a magnetic brush. EPC G03G 15/08S1 for preventing toner scattering (e.g. seals).