(A) The purpose of this class is to provide a search for subject
matter directed to means for driving a tool and also reciting some
feature relating to the tool, or reciting a combination of features
peculiar to driving a tool which cause separate classification in
the specific motor classes, and in the specific machine element
and mechanism classes to be impractical, but which subject matter is
of such general application in the tool arts that separate classification
in each specific tool class is also impractical.
(B) The term, tool, as used in this class means primarily a
work contacting element which functions to effect some physical
alteration in the work, such as chipping or boring, but is also
used to include other elements which are driven in the same manner
as such a tool (e.g., a nail or post). It must be noted, however,
as explained in the next paragraph, that a means which impacts a
tool is not in itself, regarded as a tool.
(C) The term, impacting device, as used in this class defines
a means including a mass of material (i.e., hammer head) which is
specifically intended to deliver an impact or blow to a tool as
defined in paragraph B and is not itself a tool but is defined as
a species of means for driving a tool.
(D) This class, in accordance with the purpose of paragraph
A, provides for an impacting device, as defined in paragraph C,
or a means to actuate the hammer head of an impacting device, said
impacting device or means to actuate said hammer head being claimed
in combination with at least one of the following features relating
to a tool as defined in paragraph B: (1) a nominally recited tool,
(2) a means to retain or hold a tool to receive a blow, (3) a means
to align a tool with respect to the hammer head to receive a blow,
or (4) a means (anvil) situated between the hammer head and a tool
and which is intended to transmit a blow from the hammer head to the
tool.
(E.) This class also provides for a motor and/or
a machine element or mechanism for driving a tool claimed in combination
with one or more of the following: (1) a means for causing, controlling,
or selectively preventing the advancing movement of a driven tool,
(2) a cleansing means, i.e., a means for cleaning the area of tool
operation or (3) a manipulating handle. In the absence of a separate
drive means, a means to cause, control or selectively prevent advance
claimed in combination with a cleansing means will be classified
in this class.
(F) This class also provides for processes of operating apparatus
included under the class definition and not claiming any additional
feature limiting the process to a particular art.
(G) This class also is intended to provide for subject matter
in accordance with the purpose of paragraph A not specifically provided
for in paragraphs D, E and F or excluded by paragraphs H and J.
Examples of such subject matter are means for driving a tool combined
with (1) a vehicle support for the drive, (2) work engaging means
supporting the drive or (3) means to adjust the position of the
axis of tool advance. This class also includes subcombinations
of impacting device structure which are not elsewhere classifiable
such as a specific means to transmit an impact from a hammer head
to a tool.
(H) This class is not intended to provide original classification
for a claim having any specific recitation of (1) the work contacting
portion of the tool, (2) plural, cooperating tools (e.g., angularly
related tools), (3) and underlying work support opposed to the tool,
or (4) any other specifically recited feature pointing to classification
in a particular tool art and not provided for in this definition.
An exception to (1) is that the recitation of the work contacting
portion of the tool as being broadly provided with a cleansing fluid
passage or port is not considered to define the work contacting
portion of the tool with sufficient specificity to preclude classification from
Class 173.
(J) Not all classes have been cleared of art such as defined
herein. This class, therefore has only such art as is cleared from
other classes. Section III of the class definition indicates those
classes which have bodies of art in conflict with the definitions
of this class.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
If both the drive means and means to cause, control or selectively
prevent advance comprise merely gear or mechanical motion elements
as defined in Class 74, Machine Element or Mechanism, classification
is in Class 74. However, if structure is claimed which goes beyond
the scope of Class 74, such as specific motor structure, a vehicle
support for the drive, work engaging support means or means to adjust
the position of the axis of tool advance, classification is in Class
173.
A motor vehicle having a power take-off of general utility,
but which may be described as for the purpose of driving a tool
is classifiable in Class 180, Motor Vehicles, particularly subclasses
53.1+. Therefor, to be included under (1) in G above, the
means for driving a tool must include a structural feature of relationship which
is peculiar to tool driving.
RELATIONSHIP TO SPECIFIC TOOL CLASSES
The claiming of specific work contacting tool structure in
combination with subject matter of this class will cause original
classification of the patent in the appropriate specific tool class,
as will the claiming of plural, angularly related cooperating work
contacting elements such as angularly related tools or a tool combined
with an opposing support for the work. However, many of the specific
tool classes have not been cleared as to original classification
in accordance with this line, nor has complete cross-reference of
subject matter been made. The classes which should be closely investigated
when making a search for the subject matter provided for under this
definition are as follows:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning
30, Cutlery
56, Harvesters
81, Tools
82, Turning
83, Cutting
125, Stone Working
142, Wood Turning
144, Woodworking
172, Earth Working
234, Selective Cutting (e.g.,Punching)
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool
433, Dentistry
451, Abrading
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus
MISCELLANEOUS SEARCH NOTES
The Search Notes below include statements of the line with
classes having closely related art.
Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate subclass for a cleaning device, and particularly
subclasses 3+ for cleaning machines, including in subclasses
300.1+ such machines with air blast and/or suction.
Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclasses 110.1 through 446for handles, including handles described as for
the purpose of manipulating tool drives, and including handles having vibration
dampening or absorbing means. If the handle is claimed in combination
with a mere named tool drive, classification will be in Class 173
only if features relating to control of or energy supply for the
tool drive are claimed.
Metal Working, appropriate subclass for metal working apparatus, and processes
of operating same, and particularly
subclasses 700+ for assembling and disassembling apparatus. See subclasses
243.53+ for riveting apparatus not elsewhere classified.
Cutlery, appropriate subclass for hand operated cutting tools, or
hand manipulated, power operated cutting tools, and particularly
subclasses 272.1+ for cutting tools having blade moving means.
Harvesters, appropriate subclass for driven harvesting devices,
and generally comprising such devices which are advanced by a land
vehicle as they operate.
Power Plants, appropriate subclasses for motors which may include
a named type of tool as a load for the motor, and also for plural motors
of diverse types. If one motor is described as a tool drive means
and another as tool advance means, the patent will be classified
in Class 173.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclass for a mechanical motion transmitting means,
and including such means even though separate elements thereof are
described as operating the drive, and causing or controlling the
advance of a tool, such means merely being considered equivalent
to mechanical movements or transmissions involving plural power paths.
Class 74 also includes patents claiming a named type of motor,
or plural named motors for imparting motion to a mechanical movement
or transmission.
Tools, appropriate subclass for a drive device for an assembling
tool, and particularly
subclasses 463+ for an assembling tool with impact delivering means
and subclasses 54+ for a machine wrench.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclass for structure of a motor, or
plural motors of that class. Class 91 includes a motor having a
named type of tool as a load, however, a motor having impact device
features as defined in section "D" of this definition
a motor structure having a supplement specific passage to convey
cleansing fluid to a tool, a motor described as for a tool drive
and having specific structure of a manipulating handle, or plural
motors, even though merely described as separately having feed and
drive loads are classified in Class 173.
Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclass for a device of that class
for driving a tool. The line between Class 92 and Class 173 is the
same as the line between Class 91 and Class 173.
Planting, appropriate subclass for driven planting devices,
and generally comprising such devices which are advanced by a land
vehicle as they operate.
Internal-Combustion Engines, appropriate subclass for a motor of that type, even
though a named type of tool is included as a load. The line between
Class 123 and Class 173 is generally the same as between Class
91 and Class 173.
Earth Working, appropriate subclass and particularly
subclasses 35+ for a drive device for an earth working tool.
Generally, such devices are advanced by a land vehicle as they
operate. A described use as a drive for an agricultural earth working
tool will cause classification in Class 172.
Boring or Penetrating the Earth, appropriate subclass for a tool drive means, advance causing
or controlling means, impacting device or work cleansing means which
is combined with specific structure of the work contacting portion
of a tool, a fluid handling head adapted to seal in a bore entrance,
or a bore wall engaging guide or packing device on the tool shaft,
and
subclasses 293+ for a below ground hammer or impact means, either
combined with a specific earth boring tool or comprising a means
forming a lost motion connection in a shaft or cable string, such
means comprising relatively movable members which are provided with
faces that impart each other to generate a "jar" which is
transmitted by the rod or cable to a means connected thereto.
Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclass for a vehicle means which may be described
as supporting a tool drive means, and particularly
subclasses 53.1+ for a motor vehicle having a power take-off which
may be described as for operating a tool driving or advancing means.
If the power take-off does not include a structural feature or
relationship that is more than of general utility, classification
will be in Class 180.
Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for a driver combined with
a magazine for members, e.g., nails, clenching anvil or work support
which would preclude classification in Class 173.
Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material, appropriate subclass and particularly
subclasses 29+ for a machine having a specific tool described
as for disintegrating hard material in situ. In general, claiming
of specific tool structure is necessary to cause classification
of a machine in Class 299, with the exception that Class 299 includes
some large tunnel forming machines with material handling features
and chain cutter driving, advancing and manipulating machines which
do not necessarily recite specific tool structure.
Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate subclass for motor of that class, including
such motors having a named type of tool as a load, and particularly
subclass 50 for a dynamo-electric motor for a portable hand tool.
Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate subclass for plural motors including a named
type of tool as a load, and particularly
subclass 39 for plural, diverse, or diversely controlled electric
motors, in which such motors comprise work and feed motors.
Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, for (1) a tool-drive means combined with work-recognizing
structure for use in the operation of that class (2) a tool-drive
means combined with a specific tool of that class type, or (3) tool-drive
means combined with significant "machine frame" structure
generally limiting the drive to operation in a machine of that class.
"Machine frame" structure is in addition, to
the housing required to support the drive structure. Such "machine
frame" structure may be significantly recited by physical limitations
of the structure of by a named recitation of two or more parts of
the structure including the interrelationship of the parts.
Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, appropriate subclasses for a drive means or advance
causing means used in a gear cutting, milling, or planing operation.
Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps, appropriate subclass for a motor of that type for operating
a tool, and particularly
subclass 904 , for a tool drive turbine.
Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, for rotary expansible chamber devices, per se, and see
the Note to Class 91 above for a statement of the line between this
class (173) and Class 91, the line between Classes 91 and 418 being the
same.
Abrading,
subclasses 64+ for a machine for performing an abrading function,
which machine also includes a drive means or an advance causing
or controlling means which is used in the abrading operation.
Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making:
Process and Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for processes of operating
machines for making articles of the class.
SECTION IV - GLOSSARY
ADVANCE
The forward movement of the tool into or along the work.
Such movement is in addition to the drive movement (i.e., cyclic
forward and backward or lateral motion of the tool). Included under
this definition as apparatus functioning under the broad meaning
of advance are means for causing, controlling, or selectively preventing
the forward movement of the tool into or along the work.
CLEANSING
The act of removing matter resulting from the operation of
the tool on the work.
CLEANSING FLUID
A fluid which is adapted to perform a cleansing function upon
work. Such a fluid may be solely described as performing some other
function, such as cooling the work, so long as it is directed in
such a manner as to inherently cleanse the work.
DRIVE
The motion of a tool which performs a function upon work.
Impact is included under the definition of this term. Also, any
means to cause the drive motion of a tool such as a motor, cooperating
gearing or mechanical movement elements, or an impacting device.
HAMMER HEAD
The striking element of an impacting device.
IMPACTING DEVICE
A means including a mass of material (i.e., hammer head)
which is specifically intended to deliver a blow to a tool. The
mass of material need not necessarily strike the tool directly,
but may deliver the blow through an intervening element (e.g., anvil).
IMPACTING
A type of drive function which includes striking a mass of
material (e.g., tool) with another mass of material (e.g., hammer
head).
MANIPULATING
Moving the tool drive from one place to another to perform
a function upon work. This movement is separate from or in addition
to the advance movement of the tool.
MANIPULATING HANDLE
A means specifically intended to be grasped by the hand or
hands of an operator to move the tool drive, of which it forms a
part, to different positions with respect to the work, and to be
continually grasped by the operator as the tool advances in performing
a function upon work.
MOTIVE FLUID
A fluid used to drive a motor, and including fluid taken from
a stream supplying a motor, or from a stream exhausting from a motor.
Fluid fuel for or fluid exhaust from a combustion motor is included
under this definition.
TOOL
A work contacting element which functions to effect some
physical alteration in the work, such as chipping or boring, but
also includes other elements which are driven in the same manner
as a tool such as a nail or post.
WORK
The object or mass of material which is contacted by
the tool to be physically altered thereby.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Methods for operating tool driving or impacting devices
to perform a function which is not limited by a manipulative step
to a specific tool art.
(1)
Note. This subclass is not intended to form a complete search
for all described processes of operating tool driving or impacting
devices as provided for under the class definition. Therefore,
the search for process claims falling herein should be completed
in the appropriate apparatus subclass.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) means for sensing a condition or
change of condition, which condition or change of condition may
or may not occur, (2) a separate control means and (3) a separate
power operated means to initiate, modify, or terminate the functioning
of the apparatus, said three means being so related that the sensing
means controls operation of the control means and the control means
controls operation of the power means, all without the intervention
of a human operator.
(1)
Note. Apparatus wherein the driven tool constitutes the sensing
means and controls the control means for the power operated means
is included under this definition only if the control means moves
relative to the driven tool. An apparatus having structure integral
with or fixed to the tool as the sole means to control the operating
means is not considered to be automatic, and is classified on other
features.
(2)
Note. A valve having one specific area which senses the condition
of a fluid, and a completely different area which controls the flow
of the same or a different fluid to operate as power means is included
under this definition as separate sensing and control means. A valve which
senses and controls with the same surface (i.e., a check valve),
is not included and is classified on other features.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the sensing means senses the condition
of (1) a specific modification of the tool drive which is for the
purpose of removing unwanted material from the work face being operated
on by the tool or (2) structure combined with the tool drive which
functions to remove unwanted material from the work face being operated
upon by the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the sensed condition of operation controls
a power operated means to initiate, modify, or terminate the operation
of the means to positively cause or progressively control the forward
movement of the tool into or along the work.
Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 5+ and 8+ for a boring or drilling machine
having automatic or tool position control of tool movement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Apparatus in which the sensing means senses a condition
of (1) force applied to the tool to drive the tool about an axis
or (2) rate of motion of the drive means.
Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 6 and 8+ for a drilling machine having torque
or penetration resistance responsive control of a feed mechanism.
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Apparatus in which the sensing means includes a means to
also sense the condition of the means which causes or controls forward
movement of the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Apparatus in which means driving the tool comprises a motor,
and the sensing means senses a condition of the motor power material or
electric current.
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Apparatus in which the drive motor power material comprises
a fluid which operates a fluid motor (e.g., expansible chamber type motor
or turbine).
(1)
Note. Included under this definition are those motors which
derive power solely from the pressure or flow of a fluid stream.
An internal combustion engine, for example, which may utilize a
fluid fuel, but requires a chemical reaction to operate, is excluded
from this definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Apparatus in which the means which causes or controls forward
movement of the tool comprises a motor operated by fluid.
(1)
Note. Included under this definition are those motors which
derive power solely from the pressure or flow of a fluid stream.
An internal combustion engine, for example, which may utilize a
fluid fuel, but requires a chemical reaction to operate, is excluded
from this definition.
for automatic control of tool advance causing or
controlling means in response to motive fluid pressure or current
sensed torque or speed condition of a drive.
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Apparatus in which the sensing means senses the distance
of cyclic to and fro motion of a (1) hammer head or (2) tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the power means comprises a drive means
and the sensing means senses a condition of a means to positively cause
or progressively control the forward movement of the tool into or
along the work.
Cutting,
subclass 76 for cutting means combined with means to monitor
and control operation, including means to compensate tool speed
for work-feed variations.
DRIVE CONTROLLED BY RELATIVE AXIAL MOVEMENT OF TOOL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a tool drive means and a tool or means
to receive or retain a tool for actuation by the drive means, the
tool or tool receiving or retaining means being adapted to move
relative to the drive in a direction parallel to the axis of tool
advance, said relative movement being adapted to initiate, modify,
or terminate the operation of the tool drive means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the relative movement starts the operation
of the tool drive by causing a reciprocating element of the tool
drive to be mechanically coupled to and directly operated by the
pulsation or reciprocation of a confined mass of fluid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in which the tool is driven by a motor and the
relative movement initiates, modifies or terminates the operation
of the tool drive motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in which the operation of the drive motor is initiated,
modified, or terminated by a change in internal relationship of
the parts of the motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Apparatus in which the tool drive motor is of the cyclically
operable, expansible chamber type and the path of reciprocatory
movement of a motor piston is altered relative to a port which supplies
fluid to a working chamber of the motor or a fluid operated distributor
motor.
DRIVE CONTROLLED BY RELATIVE MOVEMENT OF ADVANCE CAUSING OR
CONTROLLING MEANS OR MANIPULATING HANDLE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a tool drive means and a means to positively
cause or progressively control the forward movement of the tool
or a means specifically adapted to be engaged by the hand of the
operator to manipulate the drive, and one of the latter means is adapted
to move relative to the drive means to operate a means to initiate,
modify, or terminate the operation of the tool drive means.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a means to positively cause or progressively
control the forward movement of the tool into or along the work,
and which is adapted to reverse the movement of the tool upon the
tool reaching a predetermined position without the intervention
of a human attendant.
Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 5+ for boring and drilling combined stopping means
effective on completion of predetermined number of tool cycles;
subclasses 10+ for automatic or tool position control
of tool movement; subclass 17 for drive structure of that class
to cyclically reciprocate the tool.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with a means to indicate or signal a
condition or the occurrence of a condition to a human attendant.
(1)
Note. Means which signal or indicate are dials, graduations,
horns, bells, etc., but a means to form a mere stop or single fixed
reference point are not included under this definition and are classified on
other features.
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Apparatus in which the means signals or indicates a position
or condition of the forward movement of the tool into or along the
work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the travel of the vehicle is utilized
to positively cause forward movement of the tool into or along the
work.
Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 29+ for a machine for disintegrating hard material
in situ and which is generally carried on a vehicle.
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the means to power the transporting movement
of the vehicle is provided with a mechanical power take-off to drive
the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Apparatus in which the means to drive the tool includes
gear means, and elements of the gear means are adapted to move relative
to the power take-off of the vehicle to (1) adjust the axis of tool
advance or (2) accommodate movement of the tool into or along the
work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the same source of energy (e.g., current,
pressure, fuel, etc.), motivates the power means for the vehicle
and the tool drive.
(1)
Note. One of the power means may operate a pump or generator
to supply pressure or current for the other power means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the supporting structure of the tool
drive is constructed in such a manner as to adapt the tool drive
to be moved from the position in which the tool normally works to
a position which better facilitates transportation.
Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),
subclasses 111+ for a mechanism or relatively movable shaft assembly, e.g.,
a power erected tower and subclass 143 for a residual building structure
with a transportation feature.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which means are provided to perform a tool
drive function and a tool drive function in a different manner or
a function other than tool driving after (1) removal of a significant
portion of the apparatus (2) installation of additional parts or
(3) substantial rearrangement of existing parts.
WITH MEANS ENGAGED BY PART OF HUMAN OTHER THAN HAND:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with structure particularly adapted to
be engaged by some portion of the body of a human, with the exception of
the hands.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with the structure of means other than
the tool, which is specifically adapted to engage the material upon
which the work is being performed, said structure bearing the weight
of the tool drive or resisting the reactive force of the means causing
forward movement of the tool while the tool drive is operative.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus in which the work engaging means comprises a structure
adapted to positively engage the material being worked at a point
in the face being worked (e.g., the face perpendicular to the axis
of tool advance), in such a manner as to resist reactionary movement
of the means causing forward movement of the tool into the work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Apparatus in which the axis of tool advance forms substantially
the geometric center of points of engagement of the means which
positively engages the work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus in which the material being worked is engaged
by the structure at opposed points, such as opposed positions on
the walls of a shaft or tunnel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus in which the drive is adapted to operate a tool
to advance along an axis substantially perpendicular to a line extending
between the opposed points of engagement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus in which the structure engages the material being
worked at a point opposite to the working point, generally being
the opposed wall of a shaft or tunnel.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus in which the work engaging structure includes
plural work engaging elements, and an element is adapted to be adjusted
relative to the tool drive means and relative to another work engaging
element.
SWINGING ARM CAUSES ADVANCE WITH MEANS TO GUIDE RECTILINEAR
TOOL ADVANCE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having means to cause forward movement of the
tool into or along the work comprising a lever, one end of which
is mounted to pivot about a fixed or shifting point and the opposite
end being connected to the tool or tool drive, the forward movement
of the tool being substantially rectilinearly controlled by (1)
shifting the pivot point or (2) directly guiding the tool or tool
drive.
WITH MEANS TO ADJUST POSITION OF AXIS OF TOOL ADVANCE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the tool drive means is adjustably connected
to a substantially fixed structure (e.g., support), and means are
provided to hold the tool drive means in different positions relative
to the fixed structure to provide plural selective positions of
the axis along which the driven tool moves forward into the work.
Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 29+ for a hard material disintegrating machine having
means to adjustably manipulate a chain cutter or the like.
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Apparatus in which the tool drive includes a source of power
and a driven gearing element, and said gearing element being shifted
bodily relative to the source of power in adjusting the axis along
which the tool moves forward.
for a vehicle support for a drive in which the vehicle
motor operates the drive, and means are provided whereby drive gearing
may be displaced relative to the vehicle motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Apparatus in which the tool drive includes plural driven
gearing elements, and the gearing elements being relatively bodily
shifted and each bodily shifted relative to the source of power
in adjusting the axis along which the tool moves forward.
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Apparatus in which a motor or mechanism is provided to move
the tool drive to relatively adjusted position.
WITH MEANS TO SPACE AXIS OF TOOL ADVANCE RELATIVE TO PRIOR POSITION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means such as a template or element
of predetermined length to locate an axis along which the driven
tool will move forward into the work relate to a position in which
the driven tool previously moved forward into the work.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with apparatus which is not included
under the class definition and is not merely ancillary to the driving means,
a means for advancing the tool, a tool drive manipulating means,
or a work cleansing means.
DRIVE ADJUSTABLE TO COMPLETELY CHANGE KIND OF DRIVE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including an adjustable drive means so constructed
that the basic kind of motion imparted to the tool may be changed
by manipulating a drive part (e.g., shifting gears in a transmission).
for a tool drive which rotates a tool under one
torsional load condition and which rotary drive slips or yields under
another torsional load condition to cause torsional impact to be
delivered to the tool.
DRIVE BY MEANS REACTING TO ROTATING ECCENTRIC MASS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the tool drive means includes a mass
which is driven about an axis, the axis of rotation being eccentric
relative to the center of weight of the mass, said mass causing
movement of an element which supports said axis of rotation when
the center of weight of the mass reaches a certain position relative
to the axis of rotation of the mass to drive the tool.
(1)
Note. The element which supports the axis of rotation of
the mass generally (1) is guided against movement in other than line
movement, and moves when the center of weight of the mass substantially
corresponds with the guided line, or (2) supports a pair of masses
rotating in opposite directions, and said element moves when the
combined centers of weight of the masses are unbalanced.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a motor or drive element connected
to plural power paths to simultaneously drive plural tools.
(1)
Note. If the tools cooperate as a tool "gang" to
perform a function requiring interaction upon the work, a claimed
relative position of the tools is considered to define specific
work engaging tool structure, and classification will be in the appropriate
art class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Apparatus in which at least two of the power paths include
means to impart a rectilinear to and fro movement to a tool or the
hammer head or an impact delivering device.
SINGLE ADVANCE CAUSING OR CONTROLLING MEANS OR MANIPULATING
FOR PLURAL DRIVES:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising plural separately operable tool drive
means which are supported by a common rigid structure combined with
a single advance causing or controlling means or manipulating means
for the rigid structure.
HAMMER OR TOOL SHAFT RECIPROCATED BY GRIPPING MEANS WHICH RELEASE
OR YIELD TO PERMIT ADVANCE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a hammer head or tool includes a rod
or rod like structure rigidly connected thereto, and the drive means includes
means to grasp said rod or rod like structure, and a means to reciprocate
the grasp means, said grasp means permitting the hammer head or
tool to move forward relative to the reciprocatory path of the grasp
means by (1) cyclic release by the rod or rod like means by the
grasp means or (2) relative slippage between the grasp means and
rod or rod like means as the work progresses.
Metal Deforming,
subclasses 429+ for a tool driving means in a metal shaping machine,
especially subclasses 431+ for a yieldable connection and
subclasses 435+ for a "drop-hammer".
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Apparatus in which during each cycle of reciprocation the
grasp means engages a stationary structure to cause the grasp means
to release or slip the rod or rod like means to permit the hammer
head or tool to move forward as the work progresses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Apparatus in which cyclic engagement of the grasp means
with the stationary structure positively releases the grasp means
from the rod or rod like structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Apparatus in which the grasp means, or means causing reciprocatory
movement thereof, simultaneously causes the rod or rod like means
to rotate or oscillate during each cycle of reciprocation of the
grasp means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which the operation of work cleansing is initiated,
modified, or terminated by relative movement between the tool drive and
(1) the tool, (2) the means to positively cause or progressively
control the forward movement of the tool or (3) a means specifically
adapted to be engaged by the hand of the operator to manipulate
the drive.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which the cleansing is performed by fluid derived
from a motive fluid stream supplied to or exhausted from a drive
motor or an advance causing or controlling motor.
(1)
Note. The motive fluid supply to or fluid exhaust from any
type motor is included under this definition, including fluid exhaust
from an internal combustion motor, which may utilize solid fuel
for an energy supply, but exhausts a fluid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Apparatus in which the motive fluid stream does not contact
the work face, but is provided with means to induce flow of an ambient
fluid (e.g., a venturi) to cause the ambient fluid to circulate
over and cleanse the work face.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Apparatus in which a means is provided to utilize a fluid
from a nonmotor source for cleansing, as well as a fluid derived
from the supply or exhaust of the motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which means are provided to selectively control
the supply of both fluids, whereby either one of the fluids may
be separately admitted to the work face.
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in which means are provided to derive motive fluid
to be utilized for cleansing from the stream which supplies the
motor, before the fluid passes into a motor chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Apparatus including means which are provided to derive motor
fluid to be utilized for cleansing from the stream which supplies
the motor, before the fluid passes into a motor chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Apparatus having the means which controls the rate of flow
of motive fluid to the motor chamber said means being provided with
additional structure to control the supply of motive fluid which
is to be utilized for cleansing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Apparatus in which the drive motor comprises a cyclically
operable reciprocating type expansible chamber fluid motor, and
a specific modification of the motor is provided whereby the motor
may be controlled to stop operation and simultaneous continuously
direct the flow of the motive fluid stream through one working chamber
of the motor for direction upon the work to perform a cleansing
function.
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Apparatus in which the cyclically operable motor includes
a relatively movable motive fluid distributor, and means are provided
to stop relative movement of the distributor during the continuous
flow of motive fluid through one working chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Apparatus in which the motor is provided with a throttle
valve controlling the inlet of motive fluid, and the throttle valve
is adapted either by direct engagement or through a linkage to stop relative
movement of the distributor for the purpose of maintaining cleansing
fluid supply through one working chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Apparatus in which the motor is provided with a throttle
valve to control the exhaust of motive fluid from the motor, and
actuation of said valve to control exhaust also functions to stop the
distributor and maintain cleansing fluid supply through one working
chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Apparatus in which a mechanical means is provided to stop
relative movement of the distributor while cleansing fluid is continuously supplied
through one working chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Apparatus in which means are provided for the purpose of
preventing unwanted material (such as material removed from the
work face) from entering the motor through a cleansing fluid passage.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Apparatus in which the motive fluid for cleansing is exhausted
from a motor which causes or controls advance.
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Apparatus having means to direct the motive fluid into a
passage in a tool or tool shaft, from which passage the fluid is
directed upon the work face.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which means are provided to selectively or
simultaneously utilize fluids from separate supplies for cleansing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which the tool drive means pumps or mechanically
drives a pump means to pressurize or cause circulating of a fluid
material which performs a cleansing function.
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Apparatus in which the pump means to pressurize or cause
circulation of the fluid material comprises the hammer head or impact
transmitting anvil of an impacting device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which the fluid material for cleansing is controlled
by an element which also controls the drive means or advance causing
or controlling means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which the mass of material which comprises
the hammer head of an impacting device is provided with a passage
which is specifically described as for the purpose of conveying
fluid cleansing material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which structure necessary to the operation
of a tool drive motor, or advance causing or controlling motor is
provided with a passage which is specifically described as for the
purpose of conveying fluid cleansing material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus in which a mass of material which is adapted to
transmit an impact from a hammer head to a tool is provided with
a specific passage which is described as for the purpose of conveying
fluid cleansing material.
MEANS TO CONTROL ADVANCE AND CYCLICALLY RECIPROCATE A CABLE-OPERATED
HAMMER OR TOOL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising the combination of means to cause reciprocation
of a hammer head or tool by a cable, or similar flexible element, and
a means to control the cable for the purpose of controlling the
forward movement of the path of reciprocatory movement of the hammer
head or tool.
(1)
Note. The means to reciprocate and cause forward movement
of the hammer head or tool may comprise a common element such as
a cable drum which oscillates to reciprocate the hammer head or
tool, while progressively rotating to control the forward movement
of the hammer head or tool.
(2)
Note. These devices are commonly known as "Cable
Tool Rigs", in the well drilling and pile driving arts.
Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 264+ for apparatus for hauling or hoisting a load including
a driven device which contacts and pulls on a cable.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Apparatus in which the means to reciprocate the hammer head
or tool cyclically actuates a means to control forward movement
of the hammer head or tool so that the advance is only permitted
at a certain point in each cycle of reciprocation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Apparatus in which the means to control forward movement
of the hammer head or tool is bodily reciprocated by a separate
means which causes the reciprocation of the hammer head or tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Apparatus in which means are provided to cyclically release
the driving connection between the cable, or similar flexible element, and
the hammer head or tool.
for a hammer or tool shaft reciprocated by gripping
means which release or yield to permit advance, and in which contact
with a fixed structure moves the grips out of shaft engagement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Apparatus including at least two drums which receive plural
turns of cable.
(1)
Note. For inclusion under this definition, at least one of
the drums must be claimed as part of a combination to reciprocate
and control forward movement, while the other drum may be completely
independent of the combination.
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Apparatus in which a structure is provided to support the
cable or similar flexible element against gravity at a relatively
elevated point between the means causing the cable or similar flexible
element to reciprocate, and the hammer head or tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Apparatus in which the means causing the cable or similar
flexible element to reciprocate comprises a drum receiving plural
turns of the cable, the drum being oscillated about an axis to cause
the reciprocation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Apparatus in which the means causing the reciprocation of
the cable comprises a cable engaging element which is oscillated.
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Apparatus in which the drive to the oscillating cable engaging
element is cyclically disconnected to permit the hammer head or
tool to substantially freely drop under the sole influence of gravity.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a mass of material (i.e., hammer head)
which is specifically intended to deliver a blow to a tool.
(1)
Note. Included under this definition are means to transmit
an impact from a hammer to a tool (e.g., an anvil).
Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclass 135 for an above ground impacting device combined with
a specifically claimed earth boring or penetrating tool and subclasses
293+ for hammer or impact means located below ground in
an earth bore, either combined with a specific earth boring feature
or comprising a means forming a lost motion connection in a shaft or
cable string, such means comprising relatively movable members which
are provided with faces that impact each other to generate a "jar".
See the class definition of Class 175, sections I, C and IV B.
Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 69+ for a hard material disintegrating machine operating
a specifically claimed percussive type cutter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus including a means to mechanically clutch and release
the tool or tool shaft during each cycle of operation of the hammer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus including an anvil which is related to a hammer
head in such a manner as to transmit a blow from a hammer to the
tool to rotate the tool about an axis.
Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclass for a clutch which may be suddenly
applied to cause a torsional impulse and particularly
subclasses 3.21+ for a vortex-flow drive and clutch.
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Apparatus in which driving means for the hammer head rotates
the tool without impact under one torsional load condition and includes means
which release or yield under a different torsional load condition
whereby the hammer head delivers a blow to the anvil to cause rotary movement
of the tool.
Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts,
subclasses 30+ for rotary displacement between a shaft and a driven
member occurring upon imposition of excessive torsional load.
This subclass is indented under subclass 93.5. Apparatus in which the hammer head reciprocates on a line
coincident with or parallel to the axis of rotation of the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Apparatus in which the anvil is adapted to transmit a tool
rotating blow from a hammer head which is limited to rectilinear
movement along or parallel to the axis of rotation of the tool.
for an impacting device having a hammer head delivering
rectilinear impact to the tool in which the tool is rotated by the
hammer head or drive for the hammer head.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which the hammer, or a portion thereof, travels
substantially upon some portion of a path generated by a point moving
at a constant distance about a relatively fixed axis.
for a hammer having an anvil arranged to transmit
torsional impact to a tool having rotary drive with torque responsive
impact and in which the hammer reciprocates along the rotary axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Apparatus in which means are provided to selectively release
or vary the movement in the path generated about an axis without
stopping or changing the reciprocation in the path coincident with
or parallel to the axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Apparatus in which the hammer is coupled to the tool to
cause the tool to move in the path generated about an axis.
for a hammer head which rotates and reciprocates,
in which means are provided to selectively release or vary rotation,
generally such rotation being transmitted to the driven element.
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Apparatus including means for permitting or causing the
hammer to detour from the path generated about an axis, this movement
being usually for permitting the hammer to clear the tool or anvil
after the delivery of a blow thereto.
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus in which the hammer detours from the path generated
about an axis by moving in a second path generated about an axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Apparatus in which the hammer cyclically reverses direction
of movement in the path generated about an axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which the hammer includes plural relatively
movable impacting heads which are adapted to alternately impart
cyclic impacts to a tool.
(1)
Note. The impacting heads do not necessarily directly impact
the tool but may impact one another or a common anvil.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Apparatus in which the relatively movable impacting heads
are arranged in such a manner that a common line passes through
the geometric centers of both heads.
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Apparatus in which the hammer head is driven by a fluid
motor and means are provided to convey fluid which has been utilized
in a fluid motor which causes the tool to move about an axis to
the second motor which drives the hammer head, said fluid being
further utilized as motive fluid in said second motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Apparatus in which the hammer head is driven by a fluid
motor and means are provided to convey the fluid which has been
utilized in the hammer head driving motor to a fluid motor which
causes the tool to move about an axis, said fluid being further
utilized as motive fluid in said second motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Apparatus in which the motor which causes the driven element
to move about an axis is provided with a working member which cyclically moves
to and fro.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Apparatus in which means are provided to transmit movement
of the hammer head or the means driving the hammer head to the tool
for the purpose of moving the tool about an axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus in which the hammer head comprises an element
in the drive train for moving the tool about an axis.
for an impacting device having a hammer head that
reciprocates and moves about an axis, and in which the movement
about an axis is transmitted to the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus including a means to positively cause or progressively
control the forward movement of the hammer head in driving the tool
into or along the work, such motion being in addition to the regular
impacting motion of the hammer head.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Apparatus in which the means for positively causing or progressively
controlling the forward movement of the hammer head is actuated
by (1) mechanical connection to the hammer head or drive therefor
or (2) pulsations caused by the cyclic impacts or reversal of direction
of the hammer element or a drive element therefor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus including means selectively operable to change
the distance that the hammer head moves in delivering an impact.
Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate subclass for an electric motor, including a
hammer head claimed as a mere load, and particularly
subclass 50 for a dynamo-electric rotary portable or hand tool motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which a resilient member is arranged to transmit
force to a hammer head, and said member moves in entirety during
each stroke of the hammer head.
(1)
Note. A fluid spring is included as a resilient element for
purposes of this definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Apparatus in which a means is included to selectively vary
the degree to which the resilient element is strained.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which the means transmitting drive motion from
a source of power to the hammer head includes an element which cyclically
moves relative to the hammer head.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclass for a mechanical movement or
gearing of general utility, and including a hammer head as a nominal
load.
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Apparatus in which the hammer head and motion transmitting
element are coupled and uncoupled during each blow delivering cycle of
movement of the hammer head.
for a means to control advance and cyclically reciprocate
a cable operated hammer or tool, in which the hammer or tool is
cyclically disconnected from the cable.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which the mass of material which forms the
hammer head includes an internal chamber which receives the piston
of a motor, said internal chamber being adapted to receive motive
material to cause the mass of material to move relative to the piston
and deliver a blow.
Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,
subclasses 196+ for an expansible chamber motor in which the cylinder necessarily
moves, and including a moving cylinder which may be recited as a
hammer head.
Internal-Combustion Engines,
subclasses 52.1+ for an internal combustion engine having a moving
cylinder, and including a moving cylinder which may be recited as
a hammer head.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which the hammer head is composed of (1) at
least two separate elements or (2) at least two separate materials.
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus in which the hammer head comprises or is rigidly
connected to a mass of material forming an element which is received in
a chamber, said element having surface which is acted upon by motive
material in the chamber to cause the element to move and deliver
a blow.
Expansible Chamber Devices,
subclasses 172+ for the piston of an expansible chamber device
which is formed of specific or diverse materials, and including
a piston which may be recited as a hammer head.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus comprising a mass of material which receives the
direct blow from the hammer and transmits the blow to the tool or
tool shaft.
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus in which the impact transmitting mass of material
is specifically adapted to be attached at more than one point to
the tool or tool shaft in a direction parallel to the path of travel
of the hammer head.
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus in which the impact transmitting mass of material
is specifically adapted to engage a tool or tool shaft of a specific
shape, other than circular in cross-section, at the location of
engagement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus in which the impact transmitting mass of material
comprises structure arranged such that the impact is transmitted
through (1) separate parts or (2) specified different materials.
for an anvil means which translates longitudinal
impact relative to a tool shaft to impact in a torsional direction,
and which may comprise plural parts.
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus in which the impact transmitting mass of material
is provided with means to provide a direct and positive connection
to the tool or tool shaft.
Chucks or Sockets, appropriate subclass for means to attach an anvil to a tool
and particularly
subclasses 19+ for a socket type, lost motion tool retainer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus in which the impact transmitting mass of material
is arranged relative to the tool in such a manner as to permit relative
movement between said mass and said tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus in which fluid motive material is applied to cause
movement of the element, upon the surface of the element that strikes
the blow.
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Apparatus in which the surface of the element which strikes
the blow is provided with a port through which fluid motive material
is supplied.
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Apparatus in which the total area of the surface of the
element to which fluid motive material is applied is greater than
the area of the surface that strikes the blow.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus in which a passage or port is provided to conduct
fluid motive material to or from the surface of the element that
strikes the blow, generally for the purpose of cooling, lubrication
or the removal of leakage motive fluid.
DRIVE GEARING ADVANCES RELATIVE TO SOURCE OR POWER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a relatively fixed source of power
for driving a tool and cooperating mechanical motion converting
elements for transmitting the power from the source to the tool,
said cooperating mechanical motion converting elements advancing
with the tool and relative to the source of power.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a means to positively cause or progressively
control the forward movement of the tool into or along the work,
such movement being in addition to a cyclic forward and backward
or lateral motion of the tool.
(1)
Note. The forward movement and cyclic motion of the tool
may be caused by the same power source or by a different power source.
(2)
Note. For classification under this definition the means
to positively cause or progressively control forward movement of
the tool must be adapted to urge or resist forward movement continuously during
the forward movement of the tool. Means which are adapted merely
to stop the advance at specific points are classified on other features.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclass for a mechanical movement or transmission
to cause or control advance or drive a tool, and particularly
subclasses 829+ for constant length alternation stroke with means
operable during motion to displace the end limits, and subclasses 840+ for
a rotary driven device with means operable during motion to adjust
the position of the device relative to its supporting structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Apparatus in which the means to cause or control forward
movement of the tool operates with no power input other than pulsations resulting
from the cyclic change of direction of movement of an element of
the tool drive means, which element moves to and fro in a substantially
rectilinear path.
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Apparatus in which the movement resulting from the pulsations
causes an element of the means moving the tool forward to move unidirectionally
step by step about an axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Apparatus in which one mechanical motion converting element
transmits motion from a source of power to cause cyclic to and fro
rectilinear motion of a tool and to simultaneously cause or control
forward movement of the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Apparatus in which one mechanical motion converting element
transmits movement from a source of power to drive the tool by rotating the
tool about an axis and to simultaneously cause or control forward
movement of the tool.
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 840+ for a rotary driven device with means to adjust
during operation the position of the device relative to its supporting
structure.
Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 113+ for an earth boring tool combined with means to
feed and rotate the tool from a single mechanical element.
Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 431+ for apparatus for advancing and rotating an elongated article
by means adapted to engage the article between its ends.
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Apparatus in which the means connecting the mechanical motion
converting element to the means to cause tool rotation or cause
or control forward movement is provided with (1) a clutch having
frictionally engaging elements or (2) a coupling which yields without
breaking the drive train in response to the imposition of an excessive
torque load.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Apparatus in which force to cause forward movement of the
tool is imparted to the tool or tool drive through an easily bendable
element which in normal operation is repeatedly curved and straightened
such as a belt, cable, chain, etc.
Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 47+ for a side wall working mining machine having a
driven flexible member which causes advance of the machine.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Apparatus in which the tool drive remains substantially
axially fixed during operation while the tool axially moves forward
relative thereto.
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Apparatus in which the means to cause or control forward
movement of the tool includes structure adapted to engage the tool
or tool shaft at any point along the axial extent thereof, whereby
the axial extent of the forward movement of the tool or tool shaft
is not limited by the advance stroke of said advance means.
Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 29+ for pipe and rod jacks, and including devices which
are adapted to advance a pipe or rod by grasping the pipe or rod
at any point.
Material or Article Handling,
subclasses 431+ for apparatus for advancing and rotating an elongated article
by means adapted to engage the article between its ends.
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Apparatus in which the means to cause or control forward
movement of the tool includes a motor having a moving power applying
member which during operation is adapted to move forward upon an
axis substantially coaxial with the axis upon which the tool is
moving forward.
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Apparatus comprising a means to coil or otherwise drive
a cable or similar flexible element which is connected to the tool
to control forward movement of the tool.
Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or
Pulling Force,
subclasses 264+ for apparatus for hauling or hoisting a load which
includes a driven device which contacts and pulls on a cable.
for advance causing or controlling means operated
solely by vibrations from a reciprocating element of a means causing
drive motion of a tool, said reciprocating element usually being
a motor or motor driven.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which the motor for causing or controlling
forward movement is a fluid motor and in which the tool is driven
by a separate fluid motor, the motive fluid exhausted by the drive
motor being utilized as motive fluid in the motor causing or controlling
forward movement.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which the tool is driven by a separate motor,
and the separate motor also operates a means (e.g., a pump or generator),
to produce a supply of motivating energy for use by the motor which
causes or controls forward movement of the tool.
for a tool drive combined with running gear structure
of a vehicle support for a tool drive in which the vehicle drive
motor actuates a means to generate tool drive or advance motivating
energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which the motor for causing or controlling
forward movement is a fluid motor and in which the tool is driven
by a separate fluid motor, the motive fluid exhausted by the motor
causing or controlling forward movement being utilized as motive
fluid in the drive motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus combined with a lock or brake operable at least
one point between the limits of a complete forward movement stroke
to inhibit or prevent the tool from moving forward.
(1)
Note. The lock or brake may be operable while the motor is
causing or controlling forward movement, or may only operate while
the motor is stopped or disconnected.
(2)
Note. The "complete forward movement stroke" is
the distance that the tool may move forward without stopping or
altering the operation of the forward movement causing or controlling
means, therefore, structure which functions to lock or brake forward
movement at merely the beginning or end of such a stroke is not
classified under this definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which the tool is driven by a separate motor,
and a single element is provided to start and stop or regulate the
flow of motivating energy to both the drive motor and the motor for
causing or controlling forward movement of the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus in which an additional, separately movable means
to start and stop or regulate the flow of motivating energy to the
motor for causing or controlling forward movement of the tool is
provided to control said motor independently of the drive motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which the tool is driven by a separate motor,
and a supply of motivating energy flows from one source to both
the drive motor and the motor for causing or controlling forward
movement of the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which an element is moved relative to both
basic motor structure and the tool for transmitting motion to the
tool to cause or control forward movement of the tool.
(1)
Note. Elements such as the stator and rotor of a turbine
motor, piston and cylinder of an expansible chamber motor, etc.,
are considered to be "basic motor structure",
and the transmitting element must be moved relative to all such
basic motor structure for inclusion under this definition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in which means specifically adapted to be engaged
by the hand of an operator to manipulate the tool drive is provided
with a relatively movable means to regulate the flow of motivating
energy to the motor.
INCLUDING MEANS TO VIBRATIONALLY ISOLATE A DRIVE MEANS FROM
ITS HOLDER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having structure which a) is positioned between
an apparatus causing motion of a tool, i.e., tool drive means of
the apparatus, and b) functions to attenuate oscillatory or shock
motion originating in the tool drive means hindering its transfer
to the manipulating or supporting means.
(1)
Note. A means to dampen transmission of vibrations within
the tool drive means, i.e., between a power source and the tool,
is not included under this definition.
Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclass 56 for subject matter dealing with vibratory type
earth boring, and including vibration cushioning or absorbing structure.
Supports,
subclasses 560+ for resilient supports, per se, and subclass 638 for
means for isolating or reducing vibrations from a supported member to
the supported means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1. Subject matter wherein the means for supporting or manipulation
the apparatus causing motion of the tool includes a part that is designed
to be grasped by a terminal appendage of an arm of a user, i.e.,
a hand.
Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclass 431 for insulated handle structure for a tool or the
like.
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus comprising a means which is specifically described
as performing the dual functions of moving a tool about an axis
to cause a tool to perform work, and to prevent movement about an
axis of a section of tool shaft while moving another section of
tool shaft about an axis.
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus in which the means to move the tool about an axis
remains fixed relative to the axis of tool advance and is adapted
to impart torque to the tool while the tool relatively advances.
Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses, and particularly
subclasses 434+ for a gear train or gear element, per se, adapted
to drive a relatively advancing shaft.
Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts,
subclasses 162+ for a torque transmitting coupling which accommodates
relative axial movement between coupled members.
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus combined with a means which is selectively useable
to prevent relative tool advance, said means including a motor or
a relatively movable operating element to actuate the means into
advance preventing condition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus combined with a means to prevent relative tool
advance by grasping the tool or tool shaft at a plurality of positions
along the longitudinal axial extent of the shaft, which positions
do not have to be preconditioned compared with other positions on
the shaft to cooperate with the particular grasping means.
PASSAGE IN MANIPULATING HANDLE FOR DRIVE MOTOR MOTIVE FLUID:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a means specifically adapted to be engaged
by the hand of the operator to manipulate the drive is provided
with internal structure to convey motive fluid to a fluid operated
tool drive motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Apparatus in which the internal structure of the means engaged
by the hand of the operator is further provided with a means to
permit or stop flow or adjust the rate of flow of fluid to the fluid
operated tool drive motor.
DRIVE CONTROL OPERABLE BY HAND ENGAGING MANIPULATING HANDLE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a tool drive means is provided with a
means specifically adapted to be engaged by the hand of an operator
to manipulate the drive and a means to control a tool drive (such
as a motor control or clutch operating means), the control being
related to the hand engaged manipulating means in such a manner
as to enable the tool drive to be controlled and manipulated by
a single hand of the operator.
(1)
Note. Pistol grip type handle apparatus is classified under
this definition.
Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclasses 110.1+ for handles of general utility, and including a
handle for manipulating a tool drive.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus in which the power operated means comprises a
drive means and the sensing means senses either (1) a condition
of force applied to the tool to move the tool about an axis or (2) the
rate of motion of the drive means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Apparatus wherein the torque or speed of the device is measured
by sensing the force exerted on a surface by a gas or liquid, the
sensed condition effecting a valve which modifies the tool operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Apparatus wherein a device to engage or to disengage the
connection between the drive means and the power means is provided
and operates in response to a change in the force applied to the
tool to move the tool about an axis.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with the significant structure of a vehicle
which is (1) adapted to move the tool drive from work station to
work station or (2) adapted to support and advance the tool drive
during operation.
(1)
Note. By significant vehicle structure is meant more than
a mere nominal vehicle or part of the vehicle, such as a bed, which
is not peculiar to a transporting device. However, the inclusion
of a nominal vehicle and the recitation of power take-off, plural
wheels or plural skids, etc., comprises sufficient vehicle structure
for inclusion under this definition.
Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclass for a motor vehicle of general utility and
particularly
subclass 53.1 for a vehicle in which the driving motor functions
as an external source of power.
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the tool drive means is mounted to the
transport means such that the drive swings about an axis in relation
to the transport.
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in which the vehicle is combined with additional
means to support the vehicle structure in a nontransporting condition
during the time the tool drive is operative.
Land Vehicles,
subclasses 6.15+ for a land vehicle of general utility including
means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running
gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body,
chassis, or frame; subclasses 43+ for a land vehicle of
general utility having vertically adjustable wheels for altering
a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof, especially subclasses 43.14
and 43.24 wherein additional nonwheel means engage the support surface;
subclass 475 for a vehicle train provided with retractable ground support
upon the draft connection for at least partially supporting one
of the vehicles when disconnected from each other; subclass 755
for an attachment designed to stabilize or otherwise keep the vehicle
from rolling or tilting past a given point; or subclasses 763.1+ for
an exteriorly located retractable stabilizer, prop, or support attachment.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Apparatus wherein the nontransporting means to support the
vehicle has means to vary its supporting position.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus wherein the means to vary the support position
includes an air or gas powered expansible chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Apparatus in which a device is provided to operate at least
one of the adjustments which either (1) converts chemical or electrical energy
or fluid pressure into mechanical energy or (2) contains a mechanical
linkage.
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus wherein the fluid motor operates in conjunction
with a mechanical device such as linkages, gears, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Apparatus wherein the fluid motor operates in conjunction
with a pliable, continuous line (e.g., rope or chain).
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including (1) a specific modification of the tool
drive which is for the purpose of removing unwanted material from
the work face being operated upon by the driven tool or (2) structure
combined with the tool drive which functions to remove unwanted material
from the work face being operated upon by the driven tool.
(1)
Note. The arrangement of structure which will inherently
perform a work cleansing function is included in this definition
even through the described function may not include work cleansing (e.g.,
cooling or lubricating the tool).
Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
subclasses 207+ and see the search notes therein for an earth boring
means combined with means to handle drilling fluids or cuttings.
Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material,
subclasses 64+ and see the search notes therein for a hard material
disintegrating machine having means to handle material.
Abrading,
subclasses 2+ for an abrading machine, device, or process with condition
responsive control for sandblasting; subclasses 75+ for
a sandblast abrading machine; and subclasses 103+ for an
abrading machine with a scouring device.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus using either (1) a suction or (2) a circulation
of fluid up through a tool in a direction opposite normal operation
to remove unwanted material.
(1)
Note. Reverse circulation usually involves the flow of drilling
mud or lubricant up through a drilling bit instead of down to the
work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Apparatus wherein a supply line delivers a fluid to the
tool without going through the working parts of the tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which a force is applied and subsequently released
in rapid succession to a hammer head by a mass of fluid.
Power Plants,
subclasses 537+ for a self-cycling reciprocating motor of the pulsator
type that may include a hammer head as a nominal load for the motor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus wherein application and subsequent release of
the fluid force is caused by movable, mechanically operated elements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which the motion of the hammer head, at least
in one direction, is caused by the recoil of a resilient element
which has been strained or compressed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Apparatus wherein the resilient element is a fixed volume
of a compressible pneumatic or hydraulic fluid contained in a chamber
on either side of the hammer head.
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Apparatus in which the relatively moving means which transmits
drive motion includes an element which moves about an axis, and which
element includes a movement imparting slide surface impacting movement
to another element, said slide surface being arranged at variable
distances relative to the axis of rotation whereby rotation of the
element imparts relative motion to said other element.
Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclasses 53 , 54, and 55+ for mechanical movements
of the rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating type which
includes a cam.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus in which the hammer head comprises or is rigidly
connected to a disk or cylinder within a chamber, said disk or cylinder having
a surface which is acted upon by a motive fluid in the chamber which
causes the disk or cylinder to move and deliver a blow.
(1)
Note. These devices differ from fluid springs in Class 173,
subclasses 204 and 212 in that a fluid spring contains a closed
fixed volume of fluid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus having a means to control fluid flow not immediately
involved with the force transmitting fluid for the hammer head.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Apparatus whereinthe drive motor is powered by a gasoline
or diesel piston engine in which fuel is burned within the engine
proper.
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus including resilient or flexible structure which
is external to the hammer head or drive therefor which functions
to absorb a blow under some condition of operation, or is adopted
to cushion against the transmission of vibrations resulting from
the operation of the hammer drive.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus wherein the impact cushioning means is a resilient
element that recovers its shape after being stretched or compressed.
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus wherein the impact cushioning means is a fixed
volume of compressible hydraulic or pneumatic fluid contained in
a chamber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus wherein a means is provided to revolve a linearly
oscillating piston about its radial axis during its oscillation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus wherein a means is provided that is directly actuable
by an operator of the tool to regulate the motor.
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