Class Definition for Class 42

CLASS 42,	FIREARMS
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class includes all the portable firearms, i.e., those which are supported by hand when operated, such as shoulder guns, pistols, toy firearms and cane guns, except the automatic or explosion-operated firearms. This class also has such firearms combined with cleaners, intrenching devices, bayonets, and other cutters (including specifically pistol-swords). The following devices are likewise found here either, per se, or in combination with the firearm; ram rods, gun-rests and some body supported arm rests.

SECTION II - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

7,	Compound Tools, subclass 158 for hand manipulable cutters (including bayonets) combined with other tools.
15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses 104.05+ for gun cleaners.
30,	Cutlery, pertinent subclasses, for hand manipulable cutters (including bayonets), per se, and subclasses 142+ for the combination of two or more cutters.
60,	Power Plants, subclasses 632+ , for one shot explosion actuated expansible chamber type motors.
81,	Tools, subclass 3.05 and the notes thereto appended for shell projectile or wad extractors.
86,	Ammunition and Explosive-Charge Making, for pertinent sublcass(es) as determined by schedule review.
89,	Ordnance, for heavier mounted guns, subclass 14.1 for all barrels with heat exchangers, and subclasses 125+ for automatic or explosion-operated firearms.
102,	Ammunition and Explosives, appropriate subclasses, for gun projectiles, per se.
124,	Mechanical Guns and Projectors, for mechanical projectile throwing or impelling apparatus in which the propelling agent is nonexplosive.
206,	Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 317 for a weapon container (e.g., gun case).
221,	Article Dispensing, subclass 24 for article dispensers shaped to simulate various figures and which may include firearm simulations. Also, see the class definition of Class 221 for article dispensers in other classes related to magazine feed in general.
222,	Dispensing, subclass 79 for dispensers simulating firearms, e.g., water pistols, and subclass 192 for dispensers combined with firearms where only so much of the firearm as is necessary to support or operate the dispenser is claimed.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclasses 49+ for intrenching tools of the shovel type.

SUBCLASSES

1.01	INDICATORS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices having means to convey information to one of the senses.

1.02	Magazine shot:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.01. Devices comprising a compartment which holds ammunition ready for chambering and having means for indicating the presence or absence of ammunition or for indicating the number of ammunition rounds left or spent from the compartment.

1.03	Single shot, e.g., digital type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.01. Devices having means for either indicating the total number of shots discharged from the firearm or whether a projectile has been fired.

1.04	Hammer position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.01. Devices having means to designate the position of that part of the firing mechanism of a gun that strikes the firing pin or cartridge primer.

1.05	Chamber status:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.01. Devices having means to designate the presence or absence of ammunition in that part of a gun in which the ammunition is placed for firing.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 1.06]

1.06

WITH RECOIL REDUCER:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices having means to decrease the reaction of a gun after being discharged.

(1) Note. Recoil, particularly as pertains to small firearms, is popularly called "kick".

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

74,	for cushioned stocks.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 1.07]

1.07

WITH ADJUSTABLE HEAD SPACE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices having adjustable means to compensate for the distance between the face of the locked bolt or breech block of a firearm and some specified point in the chamber.

(1) Note. With guns designed for rimless, bottlenecked cartridges, head space is the space between the bolt face and specified point on the shoulder of the chamber; with guns using rimmed cartridges, the head space between the bolt face and the ridge or abutment in the chamber against which the rim rests; and with guns using rimless straight-case cartridges, the space between the bolt face and the ridge or point in the chamber where the mouth of the cartridge case rests.

1.071	By reaming:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.07. Subject matter includes enlarging the headspace or the space between the bolt face and specified point on the shoulder of the chamber with a metal working tool.

1.08	FOR DISCHARGING A STUNNING AGENT:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms specifically designed to fire a projectile containing a gas or other medium so as to render physical insensibility to any one of the senses.

1.09	DISGUISED AS BODY ARTICLE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms concealable in such a manner as to appear as an object normally worn, or carried by person, e.g., pen gun, watch, etc.

1.11	BODY BORNE REMOTE OPERATED:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms attachable to some part of the body and discharged from or by another part of the body.

1.12	CATTLE SLAUGHTER TYPE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms specifically designed to discharged a projectile solely for the purpose of the humane slaughter of animals.

1.13	TRIP, TRAP OR BURGLARY PREVENTION:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices including hidden means attached to a firearm device which can discharge the firearm from a remote area when the hidden means are disturbed.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 1.14]

1.14

UNDERWATER TYPE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms adapted to be used and/or discharge in subaqueous conditions, e.g., spear guns, share cartridges, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 6+ for fishing with harpoons and spears.
102,	Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 399 for marine-type projectiles.
124,	Mechanical Guns and Projectors, appropriate subclass.

1.15	FLARE TYPE GUN:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms particularly adapted to discharge a pyrotechnic medium designed to produce a source or light.

1.16	BILLY CLUB TYPE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms disguised as a wooden club which would normally be used by policeman.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 2]

BREECH LOADING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous firearms adapted for loading at the breech. The subclasses under this title, except those of the spring-motor guns, and the grip-magazine pistols, are based on the movements of the breechblock or barrel in opening the breech. Features of magazine structure may be found in any of the magazine subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

75,	for frame and barrel fastenings for take-down purposes only. Where the barrel must be separated from the frame for the purpose of loading and unloading, the patent is in this subclass (2).

5	Spring-motor operated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Firearms in which a spring, which is wound up, is utilized to furnish the power for opening the breech, usually by sliding the breechblock rearward, ejecting the shell, reloading and closing the breech. Usually one winding of the spring is sufficient for a magazine full of cartridges.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 6]

Magazine guns:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Miscellaneous breech-loading magazine-guns not classifiable in any of the other subclasses of magazine-guns.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

and 7.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 7]

Grip magazine pistols:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. The magazine is placed in the handle or grip of the pistol. Usually the breech-block slides rearward or the barrel forward to open the breech.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

16,	Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.), subclass 111.1 and the notes thereto appended for handles which also serve as receptacles.
89,	Ordnance, subclasses 195+ for automatic guns of the grip magazine type.

8	Breech hinged barrel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. "Breakdown" guns in which the hinge is located at the breech.

9	Faucet breechblock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. The breechblock turns about a central fixed axis, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the barrel like a faucet valve, to open and close the breech. The charge is sometimes received in this block and there retained when fired. In other cases the block closes the breech containing the charge.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 10]

Forward-sliding barrel:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. The barrel slides forward to open the breech.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclass 161 for automatic guns of this type.

11	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Magazine-guns in which the barrel slides forward to open the breech, this movement also operating to reload the gun from the magazine.

12	Side swinging barrel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. The barrel, to open the breech, is made to swing to one side.

13	Parallel pivot:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12. The barrel, to open the breech, is made to swing to one side on a pivot, or axis parallel to the length or axis of the barrel.

14	Sliding breechblock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. The breechblock is made to slide in guides to open or close the breech.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 15]

Movable chamber:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Firearms having a chamber which is movable relative to the barrel and surrounds or holds a cartridge or load in firing position, and which may be integral with, connected to, or separate from, the sliding breechblock.

(1) Note. This subclass also includes sectional chambers if at least one section is movable relative to the barrel.

(2) Note. A magazine as distinguished from a chamber, does not hold the cartridge or load in firing position.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

27,	and 39.5, for other firearms having movable chambers.
59+,	for all firearms, whether breech or muzzle loaded, having a revolving cylinder adapted to hold two or more cartridges and to bring each successively to firing position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclasses 155+ for automatic guns with movable chambers.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 16]

Rearward:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14. The breechblock, in opening the breech, is made to slide rearward substantially in line with the barrel.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

and 7.

16.1	Method of making:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter includes a step of fabricating a rearward sliding breechblock.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 17]

Magazine:

This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Magazine-guns having a breechblock made to slide rearward substantially in line with the gun-barrel.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

and 7.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 18]

Box:

This subclass is indented under subclass 17. The magazine is of the side-feeding or "box" type.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

and 7.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 19]

Rotary:

This subclass is indented under subclass 17. Firearms in which a rotary magazine, like a revolver-cylinder, is employed to bring the cartridges successively to position in line with the breech, where they are pushed into the barrel by the returning breechblock. In revolvers the cartridges are retained in the cylinder when fired.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

59,

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 20]

Pivoted hammer:

This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Guns of this type in which a pivoted hammer is employed to strike the charge or a firing-pin which transmits the blow to the charge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

and 7.

21	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Magazine-guns of the type in the preceding subclass.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 22]

Box:

This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Magazine-guns with this breech-block movement which have the side-feeding or "box" magazine.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

and 7.

23	Vertical mortise:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14. The breech-block, in opening the breech, slides vertically in a mortise.

24	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Magazine-guns which have the breechblock fitted to slide in a vertical mortise.

25	Extractors:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Shell-extracting devices pertaining to this type of gun.

26	Swinging breechblock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. The breech-block is hinged or pivoted and made to swing to open the breech.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 27]

Movable chamber:

This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Firearms having a chamber which is movable relative to the barrel and which surrounds or holds a cartridge or load in firing position, and which may be integral with, connected to, or separated from, the swinging breechblock.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,	39.5 and 59+, and see the notes under subclass 15.

28	Downward and rearward:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. The breech-block being pivoted at its rear end, its front end swings downward and to the rear to uncover the breech.

29	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Magazine-guns in which the breech-block is pivoted at its rear end, so its front end swings downward and to the rear.

30	Laterally forward:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. The breech-block, pivoted at its forward end, swings outward and forward at its rear end to open the breech.

31	Laterally rearward:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. The breech-block is pivoted at its rear end, and its front end swings outward and to the rear to open the breech.

32	Parallel pivot:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. The breech-block, to open the breech, swings on a pivot or hinge which is parallel with the gun-barrel axis.

33	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Magazine-guns in which the breech-block, to open the breech, swings on a pivot or hinge which is parallel to the gun-axis.

34	Rearward and downward:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. The breech-block is pivoted below the gun- axis, and the upper part of the block, to open the breech, swings rearward and downward.

35	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Magazine-guns in which the breech-block, to open the breech, swings to the rear and downward.

36	Upward and forward:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. The breech-block is pivoted at its forward part, and, to open the breech, its rearward part swings upward and forward.

37	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Magazine-guns in which the breech-block is pivoted at its forward part and, to open the breech, swings the rearward part upward and forward.

38	Upward and rearward:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. The breech-block is pivoted at the rear end, and to open the breech, its forward end swings upward and to the rear.

39	Magazine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Magazine-guns in which the breech-block is pivoted at its rear end. To open the breech, its forward end swings upward and to the rear.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 39.5]

39.5

Movable chamber:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Firearms having a chamber which is movable relative to the barrel and which surrounds or holds the cartridge or load in firing position.

(1) Note. Plural chambers carried by endless carriers and moved by star wheels or formed by tangential contact of two cylinders having complementary grooves, are in this subclass rather than subclasses 59+.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,	27 and 59+, and see the notes under subclass 15.

40	Upward-tilting breech:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. The barrel is pivoted to the stock at a point in advance of the breech, and, to open the breech, the barrel swings on this pivot, the muzzle downward and breech upward. These are often styled "breakdown" guns.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 41]

Firing mechanism:

This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Guns having means functioning to ignite or to control the igniting of the charge.

(1) Note. The term "lock" is sometimes used to designate firing mechanism, particularly in the older patents.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

65+,	for firing mechanism limited to revolvers.
69+,	for firing mechanism not limited to revolvers nor to upward swinging breech guns.

42.01	With single actuator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Devices having a single trigger that is interconnected to two or more firing train mechanisms of a firearm which is comprised of plural barrels and may be discharged either simultaneously or sequentially.

42.02	Plural triggers:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 42.01. Devices wherein the plural triggers are interconnected to a firing train mechanism and plural triggers are operated by a single trigger actuator.

42.03	Single trigger and hammer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 42.01. Devices wherein a single trigger actuator is utilized to operate the firing train mechanism device which discharges each of the plural barrels.

43	Cocking devices:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 41. In the breaking down of the gun or in closing the breech the hammer is cocked.

44	Barrel locks:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Devices for holding or locking the breech in the closed position.

45	Hammer cocking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Barrel-locking devices which also operate to cock or partly cock the hammer.

46	Extractors:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Shell-extracting mechanism usually operated by the breakdown of the gun.

47	Ejectors:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Mechanism, usually operated by the breakdown of the gun, for throwing out or ejecting the cartridge-shells.

48	Hammer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 47. The ejector is struck by an ejector hammer, usually in breaking down the gun, and thus throws out the cartridge-shells.

49.01

Magazines:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Devices comprising a dtructure or compartment for storing ammunition or explosives ready for chambering and which may be detachable or nondetachable to the firearm.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6,	for magazines guns.
11,	17, 18, 21, and 22, for breech loading firearm type magazines.
59+,	for revolving cylinders containing cartridges.
87+,	for magazine chargers.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclasses 33.01+ for cartridge feeding devices.

49.02

Adapters or capacity reducers:

This subclass is indented under subclass 49.01. Devices including structure which provides for the feeding and firing of difference size caliber rounds within the firearm.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

16,	for bolt adapters.
77,	for barrel adapters.

49.1	Method of making:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.01. Subject matter includes a step of fabricating a structure or compartment for storing ammunition or explosives ready for chambering.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 50]

Box:

This subclass is indented under subclass 49.01. The novelty resides solely in the magazine, of the side-feeding or "box" type.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

88,

51	MUZZLE LOADERS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Firearms which can be loaded only through the muzzle.

52	CANE GUNS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Walking-canes, which are adapted also to be used as firearms.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 53]

PISTOL SWORDS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Those pistols which combine therewith a sword or knife attachment.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for cutters not attached to or combined with a gun.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 54]

TOY:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices--such as toy pistols, cannon, etc., -- made to imitate firearms and which either fire an explosive, like a cap or match, by means of some sort of a lock or which have a barrel in which an explosive is placed and fired.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

102,	Ammunition and Explosives, subclasses 202+ for caps for toy firearms.
124,	Mechanical Guns and Projectors, subclass 2 for spring or air guns which project a missile and also explode a cap.
222,	Dispensing, subclass 79 for simulated firearms, e.g., water pistols, and subclass 192 for dispensers (other than cartridge magazines) combined with firearms where only so much of the firearm as is necessary to support or operate the dispenser is claimed.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, subclasses 398+ for cap-exploding toy which do not simulate firearms; and subclass 473 for toy firearms which do not explode caps.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 55]

Cannon:

This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Devices made in imitation of cannon, mortars, etc., and adapted to hold an explosive charge, generally a firecracker. A projectile may or may not be used.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

124,	Mechanical Guns and Projectors, subclass 29 for devices made in imitation of pieces of ordnance adapted to project a missile by some mechanical means.

57	Ribbon fed:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 54. The device is adapted to receive a "ribbon" of the explosives or caps and feed this ribbon as the caps are successively exploded by the hammer.

58	Revolvers:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 54. The toy is made to imitate a revolver.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 59]

REVOLVERS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Pistols or rifles in which there is a revolving cylinder adapted to carry a plurality of loads and bring each load successively to firing position.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

39.5,

for plural chambers carried by endless chains or formed by tangential contact of two cylinders having complementary grooves.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclasses 13.05+ for machine guns with revolving cylinders, and subclasses 155+ for automatic guns with movable chambers.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 60]

Magazine-fed cylinder:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. The revolver carries a fixed magazine from which the cylinder is supplied or fed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

19,

61	Cylinder loaded from muzzle end:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. The cylinder can be loaded only from the forward end.

62	Swinging cylinder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. The cylinder swings outward to reload, clean, etc.

63	Hinged barrel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Revolvers of the breakdown type.

64	Barrel catches:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Devices for locking or holding the barrel in its closed operative position.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 65]

Firing mechanism:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Guns having means functioning to ignite or to control the igniting of the charge.

(1) Note. The term "lock" is sometimes used to designate firing mechanism, particularly in the older patents.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

41+,	for firing mechanism limited to upward swinging breech guns.
69+,	for firing mechanism not limited to upward swinging breach guns nor to revolvers.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 66]

Safety devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Arrangements for preventing premature explosion of the charge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

83,

67	Cylinder stops:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Devices for checking the revolution of the cylinder and holding it during the firing.

68	Shell extractors:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Shell-extracting mechanism.

69.01	FIRING MECHANISM:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices having devices which enable the firing train mechanism or any part thereof to be actuated to discharge the firearm.

69.02	Rearward sliding breech bolt:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69.01. Devices wherein the firearm has a rearwardly sliding breech bolt for closing the rear part of the barrel during firing.

69.03	With pivoted hammer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69.02. Devices wherein the firing train includes a pivoted hammer for striking a firing pin.

70.01

SAFETY MECHANISM:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices having means for temporarily securing some part of a firearm to render it inoperative.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

41,	65+ and 69.01+, for other types of safety devices on the firearm.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclasses 137+ , 142 and 148 to 154 for safety devices used in automatic guns.

70.02	Magazine operated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices wherein the security mechanism for rendering the firearm inoperative is operated by the magazine or some element thereof.

70.03	Shoulder operated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices wherein a hand held firearm includes mechanism in the butt end of the firearm that is activated from a security condition to an operative condition by bracing the butt end against the shoulder of a person firing the firearm.

70.04

Sear trigger lock:

This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices wherein the security mechanism prevents movement of the firing train by preventing the operation of both the trigger and the sear device.

(1) Note. Sear is the part or device which engages the hammer, striker or other firing device and holds it in the cocked position until firing is desired. The sear is disengaged to cause firing by trigger movement.

70.05	Sear lock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices wherein the security mechanism prevents movement of the firing train by preventing the operation or movement of the sear device.

70.06	Trigger lock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices including means that prevent the trigger device of a firearm from movement.

70.07	On trigger guard:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices wherein the firearm includes a protective device over the trigger and further includes means to cover the protective device so as to prevent access to the trigger.

70.08	Hammer of firing pin:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices wherein the security mechanism is located on or engages that part of the firing mechanism that strikes the firing pin or percussion cap to prevent discharging the firearm.

70.09	Responsive to particular firing angle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices having means which prevent the firearm from being discharged unless the firearm is disposed at a particular elevation.

70.11	Firearm lock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.01. Devices designed to prevent the use of the firearm.

71.01	STOCKS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices comprising supporting framework or structure which is normally attached to a firearm for supporting the barrel and receiver of the firearm.

71.02

For pistols:

This subclass is indented under subclass 71.01. Devices wherein the framework or structure is designed to support a small caliber firearm which is held and fired with one hand.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

7,	for pistol grip magazines.

72	Auxiliary:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71.01. Additional or auxiliary stocks to be attached usually to pistol-handles to convert them into shoulder-guns.

73	Adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71.01. Adjustably-attached stocks to permit varying the angle between the stock and barrel.

74	Cushioned:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71.01. Rubber, spring, air, or other cushioned gunbutt to diminish the effect of the recoil or "kick" of the gun.

75.01

STOCK OR BARREL CONNECTORS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices having means for fastening the stock of a firearm, the receiver and/or the barrel to each other.

(1) Note. A receiver is that part of the gun which contains the firing mechanism and the stock and barrel are connected thereto.

75.02	Barrel to receiver:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.01. Devices having means for fastening the barrel of a firearm to the receiver.

75.03	Receiver to stock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.01. Devices having means for fastening the receiver to the stock.

75.04	Hinged or pivoted barrel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.01. Devices wherein the barrel may be moved in any direction about an axis relative to the stock and/or receiver.

75.1	Method of making:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 75.01. Subject matter includes fabricating a projectile delivery tube together with a handle, usually as one piece.

76.01

BARRELS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device comprising a tubular structure through which a projectile is fired.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are barrels having means for uniting two or more barrels.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclasses 14.05+ for barrels and barrel structure used with ordnance devices.

76.02	Materials or coatings:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.01. Subject matter comprising the substance of which the barrel is made of compositions for treating the surface or the barrel.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 76.1]

76.1

Method of making or modifying by metal working:

This subclass is indented under subclass 76.01. Subject matter includes (a) a step of fabricating or (b) a step of altering by reshaping using, e.g., a lathe, a boring device, machine, or other tools or devices used in the art.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

76.1,

for muzzle making, attaching, or repairing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclass 14.7 for lining, rifling, or making barrels.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 77]

Auxiliary:

This subclass is indented under subclass 76.01. Barrels some of which are adapted to be placed within the usual barrel to make a rifle in place of a shotgun or for some other reason to reduce the usual bore; some barrels adapted to be placed by and removed from the side of the usual barrel to make a double-barreled gun or one with a shot and also a rifle barrel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclass 29 .
102,	Ammunition and Explosives, subclasses 444+ for auxiliary barrels having a subcaliber bore and adapted to be loaded or otherwise handled like a practice cartridge.

78	Rifling or lining:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.01. Gun barrels in which the novelty resides in the rifling. This subclass includes rifling for heavy ordnance as well as for the lighter firearms.

79	Choke devices:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.01. Gun muzzle constructions or muzzle attachments designed to prevent the shot scattering when the charge leaves the gun.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 83]

NIPPLES AND GUARDS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Nipple structures and also guards either carried by the stock or by the hammer and adapted to prevent the hammer prematurely striking the nipple.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

66,

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 84]

ELECTRIC APPLIANCES:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Principally electric firing devices. Some alarms for indicating when the guns of the "hammerless" type are set at "unsafe".

(1) Note. For electrical releasing devices for mechanical projecting devices, see Class 124, Mechanical Guns and Projectors, subclass 32.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclasses 28.05+ for electric firing devices for non automatic ordnance, and subclass 135 for electric firing devices for automatic guns.
362,	Illumination, subclasses 110+ for electric-lighting devices combined with firearms.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 85]

GUN TRIMMINGS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Hands, clips, hooks, etc., combined with the gun, for sling-strap attachment, gun-stacking, and ram or wiper rod attachment.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclass 2.5 for bands which hold the barrel of a gun to its stock and in addition perform some other function, e.g., support a hook and/or one or more loops, and subclass 265 for strap-end-attaching devices.
224,	Package and Article Carriers, subclass 150 , for gun slings and carriers not claiming significant gun structure.
248,	Supports, subclasses 683+ for article carried supports which support the article in storage position and remain with the article when in use.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 86]

BAYONETS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Gun bayonets of various kinds in combination with the firearm.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

52,	for cane guns combined with swords.
53,	for pistols combined with swords.
90,	for other type cutters combined with guns.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

7,	Compound Tools, subclass 158 for cutters combined with other implements, and particularly subclass 116 for cutters combined with intrenching tools.
30,	Cutlery, pertinent subclasses, for bayonets and other cutters, per se, and subclass 142 and indented subclasses, for combined cutlery.
482,	Exercise Devices, particularly subclass 12 for exercise apparatus involving thrusting a pointed weapon, e.g., a fencing foil, etc., or a simulation thereof.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 87]

MAGAZINE CHARGERS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices for temporarily holding a series of cartridges or gun charges and inserting them in the gun-magazine.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

49,

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

224,	Package and Article Carriers, subclasses 196 , 199, 223, 239, 600+, 660+, and cross-reference art collect 931 for cartridge holders combined with carrying means.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 88]

Packs:

This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Cartridge-holding clips or packs for temporarily holding the loads and inserting them in the gun-magazine.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

50,

89	Revolver:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Devices for temporarily holding cartridges in such position as to readily insert them in the cylinder of a revolver.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 90]

IMPLEMENTS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Various implements intimately associated with the use of firearms, such as cartridge-openers, loaders for muzzle-loading guns, wire-fence-cutting attachments when combined with the gun, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, appropriate subclasses, for cutters not attached to or combined with a gun.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 93]

Intrenching:

This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Digging implements combined with the gun.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

7,	Compound Tools, subclass 116 for shovel type tools combined with cutters (including bayonets).
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclass 49 , and indented subclasses, for intrenching implements.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 94]

Rests:

This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Various forms of arm-rests and also gun-rests adapted to partially support the usual shoulder firearms.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclass 37.01 for gun mounts which completely support a firearm or heavy gun.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 95]

For barrel cleaning:

This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices including means adapted to purge residue from the bore of the barrel of a firearm.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 104.16 for reciprocating type scrapper, cutter, wiper or brush.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 96]

Firearm protectors:

This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices including means which are utilized to preserve or safeguard the outer or inner parts of the firearm.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

70.07,	for devices that fit on trigger guard to prevent access to trigger.
74,	for cushioned pads that fit over the firearm stock.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

206,	Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 317 for a receptacle for a weapon (e.g., gun case).

97	Weights and balances:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices including means which are attached to portions of the firearm to equalize or to compensate for imbalance in the firearm weight.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 98]

Shell catchers:

This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices including means attached to the firearm to capture ejected shells.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

89,	Ordnance, subclass 33.4 for empty shell receivers for ordnance devices.

99	Magnetic holding devices:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices including means adapted to secure devices to the firearm magnetically.

104	Finger recoil pad:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices including devices which cushion the shock of the reaction of trigger reversion.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 105]

105

For launching grenades:

This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Devices comprising means attached to the firearm to propel a projectile toward a target, e.g., grenade.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

102,	Ammunition and Explosives, subclasses 483+ for grenades, per se.

106	MISCELLANEOUS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices including firearms and accessories not classifiable in any of the subclasses.

107

MUZZLE MAKING, ATTACHING OR REPAIR:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter includes fabricating, assembling, or mending the discharging end of the firearm.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

76.1,

for barrel making or modifying.

108	TOOL FOR ASSEMBLY OR DISASSEMBLY:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter includes an implement to put together or take apart the firearm.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 111]

111

Sight devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter including an aiming enhancing attachment for a hand-held firearm (e.g., pistol, rifle, etc.) or hand-carried firearm (e.g., mortar, tripod mounted machine gun, etc.) wherein the attachment defines a line from a user s eye to a target or point on a target.

(1) Note. This subclass and the indented subclasses are reclassified from 33/233, 234, 241-261 area.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33,	Geometrical Instruments, subclass 227 for straight-line light ray type.
89,	Ordnance, subclass 200 for gun sights on ordnance devices.
356,	Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 247 for similar subject matter including significant optical structure.
434,	Education and Demonstration, subclass 19 for a device for instructing or training in the use of a gunsight.

112	Vent, vented, or ventilated rib type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which the attachment is a protrusion or projection, extending from a firearm barrel, designed to allow gas to escape the barrel during firearm discharge or allow heat from the barrel to radiate to the atmosphere.

113	Target spot or dot superimposed on sight:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which the aiming enhancing attachment comprises a small circle of light projected on a larger, usually transparent, surface pointed in the direction of an aimed-at object.

114

Focused beam type (e.g., laser on target, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which a coherent light type generator, or other light concentrating means, directs a ray at the target.

(1) Note. Laser aiming devices included in this subclass also include devices for directing a light beam for target practice.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

372,	Coherent Light Generators, subclass 38 for particular component circuitry.

115	Having beam adjusting structure or mounted for correction:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter in which (1) the light is refocused or redirected via, e.g., moving the prism, etc., or (2) the generator is capable of being realigned relative to the firearm.

116	Through the bore type (i.e., insertable into firing chamber):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter wherein the attachment is so structured or shaped as to permit installation within the firearm barrel and in which the imaginary line travels the same path as one round of ammunition.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 117]

117

Activated by a switch:

This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter in which the coherent light generator is actuated by a device for making, breaking, or changing connections in an electrical circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, 237 for switch details.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 118]

118

Periscope type or using a mirror:

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which the aiming attachment consists of at least one mirror that reflects an image to the user, usually to allow the user to aim the firearm while out of the target s view.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclass 850 for plural mirrors or reflecting surfaces.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 119]

119

Telescopic type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein the aiming enhancing attachment comprises a usually tubular optical instrument providing a magnified view of a target.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclass 399 for telescope.

120	With a collimating or sighting-in device:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter in which a device rectifies the barrel with the optical instrument.

121	Insertable into muzzle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter in which the rectifying device is secured within a firearm barrel.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 122]

122

Having a reticle (including adjustable):

This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter in which the instrument has a system of lines, dots, cross hairs, wires, or the like, in the focal plane and, in addition, may have structure to allow for windage and elevation correction.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are means to displace or selectively move the lines, cross hairs, etc., relative to each other.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33,	Geometrical Instruments, subclass 297 , for a sight line device of more general utility having an adjustable reticule.
359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclass 428 for telescopes with a reticle.

123	And an illuminating or incandescent device:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter in which the reticle is highlighted by (1) the combination of a source of visible radiant energy and means to modify the distribution or composition of the radiant energy emanating from the source or utilizing the combination to cast light in at least one direction or (2) a white, glowing, or luminous source.

124	Mount or Mounting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter comprising structure to fasten the instrument attachment to the firearm.

125	Allowing adjustment:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Device wherein the structure allows the entire instrument to be moved with respect to the gun barrel or a gunstock.

126	Vertically and laterally:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter wherein the structure allows the instrument to be movable both in a direction transverse to the line of sight and in an up or down direction.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 127]

127

Quickly detachable (i.e., knockdown):

This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter wherein the structure allows the instrument to be installed on or removed from a gun barrel or stock without the necessity of removing bolts, screws, fasteners, etc., or without the use of tools.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

148,	for quickly detachable sight.

128	To nonuse position, including to reload:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter wherein the instrument fastening structure allows relocating from an operative condition to an out-of-the-way or nonfunctional condition, sometimes to facilitate placing another round in the firearm.

129	Lens cover, scope hood, or shade:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter wherein the instrument has a protective lid, cap, shroud, etc., for the optics or to prevent glare from the device being reflected into the eye of the user.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 130]

130

With a reticle or graticule (e.g., crosshairs, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter including a system of lines, dots, cross hairs, wires, etc., in the focal plane of the device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33,	Geometrical Instruments, subclass 297 for a sight line device of more general utility having an adjustable reticule.

131	Including an incandescent or illuminating device:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter in which the reticle is highlighted by (1) a white, glowing, or luminous source or (2) the combination of a source of visible radiant energy and means to modify the distribution or composition of the radiant energy emanating from the source or utilizing the combination to cast light in at least one direction.

132	Illuminated, including fiber optics:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which the aiming enhancing attachment includes the combination of a source of visible radiant energy and means to modify the distribution or composition of the radiant energy emanating from the source or utilizing the combination to cast light in at least one direction plus transmitting light through a glass or plastic filament to render the attachment visible.

133	Having variable size aperture, slot, notch, or cone-shaped:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter provided with means permitting adjustment of the size of the aiming enhancing opening or the aiming enhancing device is in the profile of a circular planar base and line segments connecting an imaginary elevated point to the base with the opening at the elevated point.

134	Through the bore type (e.g., sighting in or straightness testing device, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein the attachment is so structured or shaped as to permit installation within the firearm barrel and in which (1) an imaginary line travels the same path as one round of ammunition or (2) crooks or other imperfections in the barrel are revealed.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 135]

135

Correctable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein the aiming enhancing attachment may be moved with respect to the gun barrel or stock upon which it is mounted.

(1) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are patents to sights which are movable to compensate for range, windage, or the velocity of a moving target.

136	Vertically adjustable (e.g., slide, ramp, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Device wherein the sight may be moved upwardly or downwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 137]

137

And laterally:

This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Subject matter wherein the sight may also be moved in a direction transverse to the line of sight.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are a front sight adjustable horizontally and a rear sight adjustable vertically.

138	By pivoting about transverse axis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Subject matter wherein the aiming enhancement attachment is rotatable upwardly or downwardly about a line which is normal to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 139]

139

Laterally, including target leading type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter wherein the aiming enhancing attachment is moved in a direction transverse to the line of sight sometimes for aiming at a moving target, e.g., flying birds, etc.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are devices that allow for windage correction.

140	Dual flip-, superimposed-, or dial-type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter comprising at least two aiming enhancing devices that are configured (1) in an L shape about a pivot in which the desired device is rotated to a use position or (2) with one device moved, in line, in front of another or (3) as a disk to be rotated to bring a desired device into use position.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 141]

141

Multisight, for moving targets (e.g., shotgun type, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter comprising a single aiming enhancing attachment having structural elements spaced at a predetermined distance or angle with respect to each other, which elements may be selectively used without adjustment of parts, creating a plurality of lines useful for aiming at e.g., flying birds, etc.

(1) Note. This type of sight is most commonly used on a smoothbore shoulder weapon for firing shot at short range.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33,	Geometrical Instruments, subclass 276 , for a multisight line device of more general application.

142	Nonadjustable rangefinder type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which the device comprises fixed indicia to locate the distance to the target.

143	Hood, guard, shade, or cover:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter including means to protect the device from damage or to prevent glare from the device being reflected into the eye of the user.

144	Using contrasting material or color (e.g., bead, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which the attachment has the property of a phenomenon of light or visual perception that enables one to differentiate otherwise identical objects such as to distinguish the barrel from the sight or the sight from the target.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 145]

145

Luminescent, phosphorescent, luminous material:

This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Subject matter in which the distinguishing material emits light by chemical action.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250,	Radiant Energy, subclass 467.1 for luminophor irradiation in reticle, gunsight, or with optical element.

[List of Patents for class 42 subclass 146]

146

Target illuminated (e.g., via flashlight, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which visible radiant energy is aimed in the direction of a mark to shoot at in order to render the mark perceptible to vision.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

362,	Illumination, subclass 110 for firearm.

147	Yieldable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter in which the aiming device gives way to pressure and returns to the original position.

148	Stowed, relocated to nonuse position, or quickly detachable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein the aiming enhancement attachment is moved from an operative site to (1) an out-of-the-way or (2) a nonfunctioning site, or (3) allow the instrument to be installed on or removed from a gun barrel or stock without the necessity of removing bolts, screws, fasteners, or the like, or without the use of tools.

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