(A) Compositions of matter, having or not having structure,
physical form or heterogeneous arrangement of components and for
which there is no provision elsewhere.
(B) Packages of such compositions, or other articles which
include such compositions for which there is no provision elsewhere.
(C) Processes of making, or peculiar to making, such compositions
and for which there is no provision elsewhere.
(D) Apparatus for use in or peculiar to such processes and
for which there is no provision elsewhere.
(1)
Note. In this class each composition, the processes that
are peculiar to making the same, and apparatus that is peculiar
to such processes, are classified on the whole composition and its
complete, or primary, function or quality, and such processes and apparatus
are classified on or with the corresponding composition, unless
otherwise indicated.
(2)
Note. Elements other than C and H and compounds which contain
such other elements are not considered to be significant in this
class when they originate in and form a part of petroleum, or fractions thereof,
unless such elements or compounds are separately recited in the
claims.
(3)
Note. The term "metal" as used in this class
includes As, Sb, Bi, but not B, Si, Se, or Te. The terms "carboxyl" and "carboxylic",
as used in this class, refer to the radical - COO-.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
A. LINE BETWEEN THIS CLASS, SUBCLASSES 380+ AND THE
COMPOUND, ETC., CLASSES
Compositions that recite a chemical compound or element in
combination with an agent or agents whose sole purpose is to prevent
chemical or physical change (e.g., caking) in the compound or element,
or to prevent corrosion by the compound or element, are classified
with the compound or element. Processes of preparing such compositions,
and processes of thus preserving the compound or element or preventing
corrosion by the compound or element are also classified with said compound
or element.
Class 252, subclasses 380+ take (1) old compounds
limited to use as preserving agents, and (2) the combination of
a preserving agent with a substance preserved wherein said substance
preserved is so broadly claimed as not to afford a basis of classification,
e.g., "an organic substance."
B. COMPOSITION CLASS SUPERIORITY
The rules for determining class placement of the original
reference (OR) for claimed chemical compositions are as follows.
When all claims are in the same main class (i.e., a class and
the classes that are an integral part therein are a single main
class), placement of the OR is determined by the first occurrence
in that main class schedule.
Placement of the OR when claims are classified in different
main classes is controlled by the most comprehensive claim. When
there are two or more claims that are equally most comprehensive
and said claims are classified in different main classes, class
placement of the OR is determined among said claims by first occurrence
in the hierarchy set forth below in the ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR
COMPOSITION CLASSES. Class 252, subclass 1, MISCELLANEOUS, is the
residual placement subclass for claimed compositions whether or
not of any special use, property, or function, not provided for
elsewhere in the US Patent Classification System.
For purposes of determining class placement of the OR, a composition
claim is either (1) classifiable per se, i.e., recites in the claim
a special use, property, or function which is provided for by the
title and definition of a class or subclass; or (2) not classifiable
without recourse to the specification, i.e., does not recite in
the claim a special use, property, or function provided for by the
title and definition of a class or subclass.
If one or more composition claims are classifiable without
said recourse to the specificaiton, such claim or claims will control
OR placement according to the first occurrence in the hierarchy
set forth below in the ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES.
Any claims for which said recourse is necessary will be placed
as cross-references on the basis of the classification determined
by recourse to the specification. The exception to this placement
rule is that, if the definition of a class or subclass explicitly
provides for "solely disclosed" subject matter
(usually a special use) of that class or subclass, class placement
of the OR is that class or subclass if there is "solely
disclosed" class or subclass subject matter. Examples of
classes which provide for "solely disclosed" subject
matter include Classes 424, 426, 508 and 510.
Examples of classes and subclasses which provide for compositions
without a special use basis include Classes 106, 208, 252/363.5,
252/367.1, 252/372+, 252/378, 420,
501, 516, 520, 530, and 585. In the case of one or more composition
claims classifiable in such a class or subclass, class placement
of the OR is determined by first occurrence in the hierarchy set
forth below in the ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES
for claims classifiable without recourse to the specification for
disclosed special use/s.
If ALL composition claims are not classifiable without said
recourse to the specification, then each unclaimed disclosed special
use, property, or function will be treated as though recited in
a separate claim and Class placement of the OR is determined by
first occurrence in the hierarchy set forth below in the ORDER OF SUPERIORITY
FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES.
Any explicit statement of a class line or relationship between
classes, set forth in a class (or subclass) definition or note,
will be followed even if in conflict with the hierarchy set forth
below in the ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES.
ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES
504, Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions.
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions.
514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions (integral
part of Class 424).
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and
Products.
71, Chemistry: Fertilizers.
435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology.
436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing, subclasses
500 through 548, in the schedule order.
149, Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or
Product Thereof.
508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant
and Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous
Mineral Oil Compositions (integral part of Class 252).
44, Fuel and Related Compositions.
148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 22+.
252, Compositions, subclasses 2 through 611, in the schedule
order.
507, Earth Boring, Well Treating, and Oil Field Chemistry
(integral part of Class 252).
252, Compositions, subclasses 8.57 through 88.2, in the schedule
order.
510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions
(integral part of Class 252).
252, Compositions, subclasses 175 through 194, in the schedule
order.
502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product
or Process of Making (integral part of Class 252).
252, Compositions, subclass 478 through 407, in the schedule
order.
436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing, subclasses
1 through 183, in the schedule order.
252, Compositions, subclass 408.1 through the end of the
schedule (except Class 516, or subclasses 363.5, 367.1, 372+,
or 378, for which see below).
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification
of Textiles and Fibers.
429, Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product
and Process.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions (integral part of Class
204).
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy.
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 1.05 through
38.9, in the schedule order.
501, Compositions: Ceramic.
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600 through
316, in the schedule order.
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition.
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for
Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal
Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 300+.
420, Alloys or Metallic Composition.
148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 400+.
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,
530, Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or
Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof, subclasses 200+ and
500+.
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products.
512, Perfume Compositions.
516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting
(integral part of Class 252).
252, Compositions, subclasses 363.5, 367.1, 372+,
and 378.
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclasses 265+.
585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds (see the mixture
subclasses).
252, Compositions, subclass 1 residual location for unprovided
compositions.
This superiority list is not necessarily a complete list and
will be amended as the relationship between other Classes containing
compositions and the above listed Classes is determined.
C. LINES FOR PARTICULAR CLASS 252 SUBCLASS AREAS.
1. Lines Pertinent to Subclasses 62.51+
a. Lines With Class 148, Metal Treatment:
Subclasses 62.51+ take processes of preparing magnetic compositions
and the compositions resulting therefrom, as well as such processes
followed by a magnetizing and/or broad molding step. Subclasses
62.51+ also take any combination of the aforementioned
steps with a heat-treating operation, except where the heat treatment modifies
a magnetic property of a metallic component which is intentionally
present in the composition, ion which case the process is classified
in Class 148.
Class 148, subclasses 100 through 122 take processes fro altering
the magnetic properties of materials having at least one component
which is a free metal or alloy, except as indicated in the (2) Note
in Class 148, subclass 100. Subclasses 300+ in Class 148
provide for stock resulting from such processes.
Dust cores made from a Class 252 component, but containing
an intentionally included metallic component, whose magnetic properties
have been modified by heat treatment, are provided for in one of
said subclasses 300+.
b. Lines With Classes 29, Metal Working and 264, Plastic
and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes:
Class 29 provides for making magnets or cores for electromagnets
from comminuted materials, including from mixtures of nonmetallic
plastic materials and comminuted metals or magnetic nonmetals.
Subclasses 602.1+ of Class 29 provide for methods of manufacturing
magnets from nonmetallic materials which recite some step in addition
to one or more of the following: making the composition, molding,
heat treatment, and magnetizing. Processes restricted to any or
all of the four named operations are classified in this subclass,
62.51+, of Class 252, except if significant molding steps
are recited.
If significant molding steps are recited, the process is classified
in appropriate subclasses of Class 264, particularly subclasses
61, 104+, and 272. Class 264 provides for working, shaping,
or molding of plastic materials which may be disclosed to be a magnetic
compositions. See the Class Definition of Class 264 for the general lines
between Class 264 and the composition classes.
c. Lines with Class 210, Liquid Purification or Separation:
Class 210 is the locus for the separating or purification of
a liquid, generally claimed and for the separation, purification,
or treatment of water, specifically. Class 252 in the locus for
the resolution of colloids and will take the separation of liquids,
generally claimed, by breaking an emulsion and including ancillary
steps as decanting or passing through a separatory funnel, etc. Class
210 will take (a) a step of emulsion breaking of liquids generally
claimed, combined with the separation of a diverse component (unless
also by emulsion breaking), or (b) a step of emulsion breaking,
per se, for the purpose of obtaining water. The water may be intended for
use of for disposal.
d. Lines with Classes 106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic
and 520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers:
Thus a composition which would otherwise be classified in
Class 106, or in the Class 520 series would be classified herein
if it is claimed as being electrically conductive or emissive or
is so disclosed and the claims are generic as to the composition.
As to methods of preparing the composition or device, this and
indented subclasses will take those methods ordinarily classified
in Class 106 within the limits set forth in section IV and (4) Note
of the class definition of Class 106. The same limitations apply
as between these subclasses and Class 260.
e. Lines with Class 250, Radiant Energy :
The line between Class 250 and this and indented subclasses
is that Class 250 takes radioactive compositions combined with apparatus
(structure); whereas Class 252, subclasses 625+ are limited
to compositions, per se, or devices (structure) defined only in
terms of their composition.
The line between Class 250 and Class 252, subclasses 625+,
is that Class 250 takes radioactive compositions combined with apparatus
(structure); Class 252, subclasses 625+, on the other hand,
is limited to compositions, per se, or devices (structure) defined
only in terms of their compositions.
SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
175, 179, 193, 319, 410, and 427 for Search Class
references to Liquid Purification or Separation, for separation
processes and apparatus there provided for.
Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, see the main class definition for the compositions
classified therein.
Fuel and Related Compositions, appropriate subclasses for a solid or gelled composition
to be used either as a fuel or as a carbonaceous reductant in a
metallurgical process,
subclass 643 for a match scratcher composition or structure,
subclasses 640, 641 or 642 for a composition which, when present
with a burning solid fuel retards or removes wall deposits, improve the
combustion properties of the fuel or colors the flames, respectively,
and subclasses 300+ for liquid fuel.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, for processes of obtaining free metals from metal
compounds, ores, or mixtures, or preparing materials for such processes,
or compositions for use in such processes, and for alloys and other
compositions having a continuous phase of free metal, e.g., made
from metal powder.
Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for coating or plastic compositions and materials
or ingredients used in the making of coating or plastic compositions
which are not elsewhere classified. See References To Other Classes
in Class 106 for coating or plastic compositions classified in classes
other than those in Class 106. In particular, see the reference
to Class 252 for the line between Classes 106 and 252.
Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy Growth
Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor, for processes and non-coating apparatus for growing
therein-defined single-crystal of all types of materials, including
inorganic or organic.
Sugar, Starch, and Carbohydrates, for processes and apparatus for refining and manufacturing
sugar, starch and carbohydrates and for the products produced.
Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for washing or cleaning processes, which include use
of detergents, or apparatus therefor or for contacting liquids with
solids.
Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges, for explosive and thermic compositions where the
latter are used to produce usable heat or flame and by-products
resulting from the use of such compositions.
Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, Class 252 provides for etching agents, per se, and for
single crystal compositions within the class definitions, especially
subclass 62.3 for barrier layer compositions.
Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, appropriate subclasses, for chemical processes of
liberating cellulose and other fibers from fibrous materials, for
processes of making paper by depositing fibers from a liquid suspension
and for compositions employed in such processes.
Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, appropriate subclasses, for a carbonizing process and
subclasses 20 , 21+ and 25 for special carbonaceous compositions
used in thermolytic distillation.
Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, for processes involving electrolysis, producing chemical
changes by use of electrical or wave energy, involving electrophoresis
or electro-osmosis, or electrical separation or purification of
liquids including emulsion breaking and resolving other colloid
systems. Compositions which are the result of a wave energy process are
classified with the art use of said composition.
Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, for processes of cracking, distilling, purifying
or otherwise treating mineral oils or tars or the products of such
processes including lubricants, heat-exchange hydraulic and dielectric or
electrical resistance compositions that are purely mineral oil or
tar products, or mixtures thereof without any added specifically
recited chemical compound or element.
Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, for compositions containing a natural rubber and
for an organic compound, or a composition of an organic compound
and an agent for inhibiting caking of, corrosion by chemical decomposition
of, or other chemical changes of, the carbon compound, or processes
of so preserving such compounds.
Agitating, and the notes thereto for processes and apparatus
for mixing materials by agitation. Manipulative mixing processes
for compounding a composition from a plurality of ingredients are
properly classifiable in Class 366 only if the ingredients are not
sufficiently identified to form a basis of classification in this
class (252) or other appropriate composition classes.
Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems,
and Elements, appropriate subclasses especially
subclasses 156+ for the production and/or utilization
of radioactive substances and compositions.
Coating Implements With Material Supply,
subclass 49 for a piece of self-sustaining coating material
having a shaped end for rubbing contact with a workpiece.
Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, for (1) highway, pathway
or walkway structure, per se; and (2) process and apparatus for
making, installing, repairing or maintaining such structure-where
such structure, process or apparatus is not otherwise classifiable
as either (a) specifically provided for in other loci or (b) of
such general utility as to be provided for on that basis (See Subclass
References to the Current Class and References to Other Classes
in the Class 404 Class Definition for known collections of such
nature and the particular lines of demarcation).
Alloys or Metallic Composition, appropriate subclasses for alloys, intermetallic
compounds and metallic compositions. See Class 420, Lines With Other
Classes and Within This Class, for an elaboration of the line between Class
420 and this class (252).
Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing,
Preserving, or Sterilizing,
subclass 55 for litmus and other test papers and analogous
devices; also appropriate subclasses for apparatus employing catalysis.
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, appropriate subclasses for inorganic compounds and nonmetallic
elements, including processes for their manufacture, and note especially
subclasses 265+ for inorganic compounds and nonmetallic elements
which include an additive whose sole function is to preserve the
compound or element. For a further statement of the lines between
this class and Class 423 see the notes in 423.
and 514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating
Compositions, appropriate subclasses for: compositions (A) for
preventing, alleviating, treating or curing abnormal and pathological conditions
of the living body, for maintaining, increasing, decreasing limiting
or destroying a physiologic body function, for diagnosing a physiological
condition or state by an in vivo test, for controlling or protecting
an environment or living body by attracting, disabling, inhibiting,
killing, modifying, repelling, or retarding an animal or micro-organism,
(B) for deodorizing, protecting, adorning, or grooming a body, (C)
for fermentates and extracts for use in A or B and not elsewhere
provided for, and (D) such compositions defined in terms of specific
structure; methods of making the above compositions; methods of
using the class defined compositions for purposes in A and B; and
methods of using compounds, per se, for purposes in A and B.
Coating Processes, for coating processes in general and see the class
definition of Class 427 for the general line between Class 427 and the
composition classes.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, main Class Definition, Lines With Other Classes and Within
This Class, Compounds and Compositions, for the distinction between a
composition and a stock material, and also
subclasses 544+ for a stock material which is all metal or has
adjacent metal components, particularly subclasses 546+ for
composite stock having a particulate metal component.
Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition,
or Product Thereof,
subclasses 105-111.41 for developing composition or products
for electric or magnetic imagery and subclass 137.22 for processes
of making the developing compositions.
Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, for processes of making chemical compounds which
include fermentation or ferments or other compositions for use in
such processes or processes of making them.
Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions, for a plant stimulating or eradicating composition and
especially
subclasses 150+ for an algicidal composition.
Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material,
Process,
subclasses 100+ for high temperature (Tc
30 K) superconducting materials, per se, or subclasses 300+ for
processes of producing same.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, for synthetic resins, per se, and for resin containing compositions,
the use or utility of which is not specifically provided for elsewhere.
See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class in the Class
Definition of this class (252) above. Class 520 is the residual
class for solid resin containing subject matter.
Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds,
subclasses 1+ for a composition consisting of only hydrocarbons,
at least one component of which is a nonmineral oil hydrocarbon,
or a composition of a hydrocarbon with an agent for improving the
general properties of such hydrocarbon. See Lines With Other Classes and
Within This Class in the Class Definition of this class (252) above.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for or peculiar to
use in extinguishing fires or processes of making them.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclass 96 for compositions for forming protective coatings, layers,
or zones for protecting molten metal from oxidation.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Compositions which contain components for generating gas
by chemical reactions, substances peculiar thereto or processes
which include such reactions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Compositions which contain components for generating gas
by combustion of such components, substances peculiar thereto, or
processes which include such combustion.
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Compositions which contain components for generating gas
by chemical interreaction of such components, substances peculiar
thereto, or processes which include such interaction.
(1)
Note. Claims which are drawn to compositions which are chemically
decomposable by heat to form a fire extinguishive gas, but do not
contain individually components which are adapted to chemically
interreact to produce a gas are not classified in this subclass.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Compositions which contain agents for stabilizing foams
or other colloid systems and processes of making them.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Compositions which contain carbonates, ammonium compounds,
or other substances which are adapted to generate gas by heat-decomposition
thereof, substances peculiar thereto or processes which include
such heat-decomposition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Compositions which contain volatile noninflammable liquids
(other than water) or liquids charged with gases, the gases being
dissolved or liquefied, or processes of making the same.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Compositions which contain agents for stabilizing foams
or other colloid systems, and processes of making them.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
LEATHER OR FUR TREATING (OTHER THAN CLEANING COMPOSITIONS
OR AUXILIARY COMPOSITIONS FOR CLEANING):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions for treating leather or fur not more specifically
provided for elsewhere.
(1)
Note. Patents which claim a composition falling within this
subclass and also claim (a) processes involving no more than the
mere application of a composition to leather or fur and/or
(b) a leather or fur product characterized essentially by the application
of the composition are classified herein.
Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers,
subclasses 404+ for leather or fur dyeing compositions, and subclasses
94.1+ for (1) tanning compositions, (2) compositions which
chemically react with a hide, skin, or fur, and (3) compositions
for treating untanned hides or skins and are not more specifically provided
for elsewhere.
Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, for a composition for destroying or repelling a
pest and which may be used to coat or saturate leather or fur.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, particularly
subclass 275 for cleaning compositions for leather or fur.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
DURABLE FINISHES FOR TEXTILE MATERIALS, OR PROCESSES OF
PREPARING (E.G., CREASE RESISTANT, MOISTURE ABSORBENT, ANTISTATIC,
ETC., FINISHES):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized or designed for forming a lasting,
nonfugitive finish on a textile substrate, such as fabric, yarn,
or fiber, or processes of preparing the compositions.
(1)
Note. Formation of these durable finishes (e.g., permanent-press,
etc.) usually requires an additional step, such as application of
heat, in order to "set" the coating after application.
(2)
Note. Processes involving the mere use of a claimed composition
are included in this and indented subclasses. If no composition
is claimed or significant process steps are involved in addition
to such mere use, the patent is classifiable in other appropriate
classes.
(3)
Note. As used herein, the term "textile materials" includes
fabrics (woven, knitted, etc.), yarn, filaments, and fibers.
(4)
Note. Patents including claims to both a composition and
a textile material treated with the composition are classified in
the class providing for the treated material and cross-referenced
to this or indented subclasses.
Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers,
subclass 112 for carroting compositions and subclasses 125+ for
mercerizing baths.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclasses 224+ and 357+, for textile materials carrying
durable finishes.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,
subclasses 515+ for nondurable antistatic compositions used in
the course of a laundering operation or in a finishing step, such as
rinsing or drying, accompanying laundering.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8.61. Compositions adapted to form on the substrate treated therewith
an oleophobic or hydrophobic finish, or one which prevents the adherence
of soil, such as spilled food, to the substrate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8.61. Compositions adapted to impart a soft feel or hand to the
substrate treated therewith, other than laundry-use products.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,
subclasses 276+ for cleaning compositions for textile materials
and subclasses 515+ for nondurable textile softening compositions
used in the course of a laundering operation or in a finishing step, such
as rinsing or drying, accompanying laundering.
TEXTILE PROCESSING AID COMPOSITIONS, OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING
(E.G., LUBRICANTS OR ANTISTATIC AGENTS FOR FIBER, YARN, FABRIC,
ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed to facilitate the
processing of textile materials, such as the conversion of fibers,
filaments, yarns, or fabrics into the finished product (such as
thread or yarn; knitted, woven, or nonwoven fabric; or garment,
carpet, blanket, etc.) whereupon the finish may be removed by such
means as washing or scouring.
(1)
Note. Such finishes are applied to staple fiber or continuous-filament
yarns in order to reduce the tendency toward breakage of the individual
fibers or filaments making up the yarn when subjected to mechanical
processing, such as spinning, twisting, winding, texturizing by
crimping or false twisting, etc.
(2)
Note. Processes involving the mere use of a claimed composition
are included in this and indented subclasses. If no composition
is claimed or significant process steps are involved in addition
to such mere use, the patent is classifiable in other appropriate
classes.
(3)
Note. Patents including claims to both a composition and
a textile material treated with the composition are classified in
the class providing for the treated material and cross-referenced
to this or indented subclasses.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclasses 224+ and 357+, for textile materials carrying
processing aid compositions.
Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor,
Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and
Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions, for nontextile lubricant compositions
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8.81. Compositions specialized for use on tire-reinforcing yarn
or cord; elastomeric filaments, such as spandex; or fibers exhibiting
harmlessness to, or absorbability by, the tissues of a living organism.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8.81. Compositions specialized for maintaining the integrity of
fibers or filaments making up a thread or yarn while it is being
converted into a fabric, such as by knitting or weaving, or of threads
or yarn making up a fabric which is being converted into a finished
article by sewing or other means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8.81. Compositions wherein the textile material includes or consists
of polymeric fibers which are synthesized from starting materials
other than cellulose or its derivatives and are sometimes referred
to as man-made fibers.
(1)
Note. A spin finish, which is generally applied immediately
after extrusion of the polymeric filament and prior to drawing,
comprises a combination of a lubricant/antistatic agent
system. The finish facilitates subsequent processing of the filaments
into yarn at very high speeds, involving the generation of electrostatic
charges and friction, by preventing breakage of or damage to the filaments.
(2)
Note. Included in this subclass are blends of two or more
synthetic fibers and blends of a synthetic fiber with animal hair,
silk, or cellulosic fiber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8.81. Compositions wherein the textile material includes or consists
of fibers which are the hair or fur of an animal, such as vicuna.
(1)
Note. Included in this subclass are blends of two or more
animal hair fibers and blends of an animal hair fiber with silk
or cellulosic fiber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8.81. Compositions wherein the textile material includes or consists
of silk fibers or fibers of cellulose or its derivatives.
(1)
Note. Fibers made of regenerated cellulose (e.g., rayon)
or of cellulose esters or ethers, such as cellulose acetate, are sometimes
referred to as semisynthetic fibers or artificial silk.
(2)
Note. Included in this subclass are blends of any one or
more fibers with any other fiber under the subclass definition,
such as linen, jute, hemp, etc.).
(3)
Note. Many compositions in this subclass facilitate processing
by softening (making more flexible) the above fibers or materials
made therefrom.
COMPOSITIONS FOR ENHANCING THE APPEARANCE OF CONSUMER TEXTILE
GOODS (OTHER THAN CLEANING COMPOSITIONS OR AUXILIARY COMPOSITIONS
FOR CLEANING), OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING (E.G., ANTISTATIC OR WRINKLE-REMOVING
SPRAY FOR GARMENTS, ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized or designed for increasing the
positive visual impact of textile goods being used by a consumer,
such as by reducing static cling or eliminating wrinkling by relaxing
the fibers of an article of apparel, or processes of preparing the
compositions.
(1)
Note. Processes involving the mere use of a claimed composition
are included in this and indented subclasses. If no composition
is claimed or significant process steps are involved in addition
to such mere use, the patent is classifiable in other appropriate
classes.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,
subclasses 276+ , for cleaning compositions for textile materials;
subclasses 515+ for textile softening or antistatic compositions used
in the course of a laundering operation or in a finishing step,
such as rinsing or drying, accompanying laundering.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
use in physically separating from each other, by froth-flotation
or difference in specific gravity or rate of subsidence, two or
more components of a mixture which differ from each other at least
physically, or processes of making them.
for getter and gas or vapor generating compositions
for electric lamps, electric space discharge devices and other evacuated
or gas or vapor filled containers.
This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Compositions for use in separating components of mixtures
by froth-flotations or in each case by selective or differential
adherence of the composition, or agent containing the same, with
respect to two or more of the components of the mixture.
Liquid Purification or Separation,
subclasses 703+ for processes of precipitation involving flotation,
and subclasses 198.1+ particularly subclasses 220+ for
separators having means to add a treating material.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for use as heat or
sound insulating or deadening materials, substances peculiar to
such compositions, or processes of making the same.
Acoustics,
subclasses 284+ for a panel, web or sheet product with particular
internal or external structure disclosed as being provided for the purpose
of muffling sound.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in
the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet which may inherently
possess sound deadening or heat insulating properties; note especially
subclasses 131+ for such a product including apertures, subclasses
297+ for such a product including a component containing
structurally defined fibers, subclasses 304.4+ for such
a product including a component which is porous or cellular, subclasses
323+ for such a product having a component containing structurally
defined particles, subclasses 357+ for a mass or layer
of a structurally defined or coated element (e.g., flake, particle, rod,
strand or fiber); and subclass 920 (a cross-reference art collection)
for a product having heat insulating properties.
ELECTROLYTES FOR ELECTRICAL DEVICES (E.G., RECTIFIER, CONDENSER):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for use as an electrolyte
for an electrolytic cell of the type which is used merely as an
electrical circuit component.
Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for electrolytic processes and the electrolyte compositions
used therein.
Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 500+ for electrolytic devices, e.g., capacitors, rectifiers,
not elsewhere classifiable, the electrolytes for which generally
are found in this subclass (62.2).
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for use as one member
of two members whose interface exhibits barrier layer properties.
(1)
Note. A barrier layer device is defined for the purpose of
classification as an electrical component consisting of two conductors
placed either in contact with each other or separated by an interface layer,
to which contacts or terminals have been secured which component
has a nonlinear resistance characteristic. The nonlinear resistance
characteristic may be such that the device will pass current in
one direction when the voltage is applied in one direction but will
not pass any appreciable current when the voltage is applied in
the other direction (e.g., rectifiers, electrolytic condensers),
or will pass a proportionately different amount of current at different
values of applied voltage. In the latter case, where the device
passes a disapportionate amount of current, to be considered a barrier layer
device the nonlinearity must arise as a result of the electrical
action of the interface between the two conductors rather than from
the characteristics of the conductors. For example, an electrical component
having a resistance material which varies its resistance due to
inherent changes in temperature with change in applied voltage is
not a barrier layer device. Among the types of devices which may
have a barrier layer are rectifiers, condensers, transistors and
lightning arresters.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclass .5 for single metals including those containing a
nonmetallic constituent, subclass 236 for a composition having a
continuous phase of free metal made by consolidating metal particles
and containing carbide, and subclass 245 for such composition having
a transition metal base.
Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy
Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor, for processes and non-coating apparatus for growing
therein-defined single-crystal of all types of materials, including those
which may be suitable as or to produce a barrier layer device.
Class 118, Coating Apparatus, generally provides for coating apparatus, including
single-crystal (e.g., epitaxy) coating means.
Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric,
subclasses 236+ for thermoelectric batteries having a particular composition
and at least two elements of the battery, particularly subclasses 238
and 239 for semiconductive type.
Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 212+ for discharging or preventing accumulation of electric
charge, and subclasses 500+ for electrolytic devices such
as electrolytic condensers and rectifiers.
Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate subclasses for single metals and alloys or
metallic compositions and
subclass 903 for a cross reference collection of alloys which
are semiconductors.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions disclosed to be useful for magnetic purposes
as well as compositions and processes for making same.
(1)
Note. This subclass takes processes of preparing magnetic
compositions and the compositions resulting therefrom, as well as
such processes followed by a magnetizing and/or broad molding
step. It also takes any combination of these steps with a heat
treating operation except where the heat treatment modifies a magnetic
property of a metallic component which is intentionally present
in the composition.
(2)
Note. This subclass includes magnetic articles claimed in
terms of the composition from which it is made, when said articles
do not contain sufficient structural limitations to classify them
elsewhere.
(3)
Note. In some instances it is difficult to tell whether a
fused mixture of oxides (e.g., ferrites) is a compound or a composition.
If a claim of this type is restricted to atoms combined in definite, whole
number ratios, the product is considered a compound. However, a
patent not so limited; e.g., if the ratios of the elements are variable
or "impurities" are intentionally present, is
considered to be drawn to a composition classifiable in this or
indented subclasses.
(4)
Note. See section II, B, LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS
CLASS in the Class Definition for this class (252), for a discussion
of the lines between this subclass area and other classes.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for loose metal powder compositions
and consolidated compositions having a random mixture of ingredients
and a continuous phase of free metal, even when claimed as magnetic
and/or nominally claimed as a rod, wire, strand, etc.,
especially
subclasses 255+ for a composition of loose metal particles.
Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for strands, filaments and compositions distinguished
solely by being made of plastic compositions (e.g., mixtures of metal
powders and a plastic or coating composition). Such compositions
are classified for the most part, in Class 106 in the subclasses
entitled "With filler, dye or pigment". All magnetic compositions
which would otherwise be classified in Class 106 are provided for
in this subclass (62.51+) and its indents.
Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets,
subclasses 209+ for magnets and subclasses 296+ for magnet
structure, per se. See subclass 284 for magnetizing and demagnetizing
apparatus.
Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval,
subclasses 131+ for magnetic records claimed in terms of significant
structure. Note that merely claiming the record as a wire, filament,
rod, ribbon, strand or record, or no more structure than one or
more coatings on a base is not significant structure under the definition
of 360-131+.
Powder Metallurgy Processes, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclasses 61+ for processes for making articles, which may be
magnetic, from metal containing powders using pressure but no heat;
and subclasses 1+ for similar process involving use of
heat.
Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate subclasses for a single elemental metal
and for an alloy or metallic composition defined only as "magnetic", "magnetized" or "permanent
magnet" or alloys or metallic composition claimed, per
se, which are inherently magnetic.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 544+ for stock material which is all metal or has adjacent metal
components, even though claimed as being formed of magnetic material,
particularly subclasses 548+ for sintered composite metal
stock, subclass 611 for stock material having its magnetic properties
coordinated with its shape, subclasses 681+ for a metallic
composite which has an iron-base component, and subclass 928 for metallic
stock distinguished by magnetic properties. See the main Class Definition
of Class 428, Lines With Other Classes, "Compounds and Compositions" for
the distinction between a composition and a stock material.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, for compositions containing a synthetic resin or
natural rubbers and comminuted metal. All magnetic compositions
which would be classified in the Class 520 area are provided for
by this subclass (62.51+).
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.51. Compositions intended for use in processes of testing articles
for flaws, e.g., "Magnaflux," or for use in magnetic
clutches.
Clutches and Power-Stop Control,
subclass 21.5 for clutches employing a medium having frictional
characteristics which are augmented or altered in response to a
magnetic field.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.51. Compositions which contain a resin, wax, gum, or bitumenous
material or modified forms thereof. The term gum includes, e.g.,
natural rubber and balatta. Many of the patents in this subclass
are drawn to particles of magnetic material in a resin wax or gum
binder for use as magnetic coatings or to be molded into magnetic
articles (e.g., tapes).
(1)
Note. This subclass includes, e.g., cellulose ethers and
esters, drying oils, shellac, varnish, gum tragacanth, and modified
natural resins.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.53. Compositions containing a synthetic resin or materials disclosed
to be polymerizable or resinifiable to produce a synthetic resin.
(1)
Note. A synthetic resin for purposes of this subclass is
a solid film forming or moldable polymeric material having physical
properties akin to natural resins, the polymer chains of said synthetic
resins having been prepared by the reaction of nonresinous compounds.
This subclass also includes compositions containing nonresinous
compounds which are recited as resinifiable to produce a synthetic
resin as defined above and composition containing a catalyst to effect
such resinification.
(2)
Note. Specifically excluded from this subclass are natural
drying oils and the dried compositions therefrom and cellulose or
its derivatives.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.51. Compositions which contain compounds of iron and oxygen.
(1)
Note. Most of the patents in this and indented subclasses
are drawn to so called "ferrites," namely complex
oxides of iron and other elements. The term ferrite is used in
the art both to denote definite compounds of iron with other metals and
oxygen, and to generically cover compositions of fused mixed oxides
of varying composition classifiable in this class.
(2)
Note. In some instances it is difficult to tell whether a
fused mixture of oxides (e.g., ferrites) is a compound or a composition.
If a claim of this type is restricted to atoms combined in definite, whole
number ratios, the product is considered a compound. However, a
patent not so limited; e.g., if the ratios of the elements are variable
or "impurities" are intentionally present, is
considered to be drawn to a composition classifiable in this or
indented subclasses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.56. Compositions containing scandium, yttrium, gallium or an
element from the rare earth or actinide series in chemically combined
form.
(1)
Note. Rare earth includes an element of the Lanthanum series,
atomic numbers 57-71 inclusive.
(2)
Note. Actinides includes the elements of atomic numbers 89-103.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.56. Compositions containing boron in any form or aluminum, thallium,
or indium in chemically combined form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.56. Compositions containing silicon in any form or titanium,
zirconium, hafnium, germanium or indium in chemically combined form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.56. Composition containing a group I metal in chemically combined
form. This subclass and its indent encompasses both subgroups IA
and IB and specifically includes lithium (see subclass 62.61), sodium,
potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium, copper, silver and gold.
This subclass is indented under subclass 62.56. Compositions containing a group II metal or lead in combined
form. Group II metal as used in this and indented subclasses encompasses subgroups
IIA and IIB and specifically includes beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium,
barium, radium, zinc, cadmium and mercury.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for use as piezoelectric
materials and processes of making said compositions.
(1)
Note. A piezoelectric material, for the purpose of this definition,
is defined as a material which exhibits an electrostatic polarization
when subjected to mechanical stress or which exhibits a mechanical stress,
tending to produce a deflection when subjected to electric stress.
(2)
Note. Compositions, per se, are classified in this subclass
when, by either disclosure or claim, the composition is piezoelectric.
and 570+, for miscellaneous dielectric compositions,
which should be considered as a field of search because some dielectrics,
such as those used in electrets (the electrostatic analogue of the
permanent magnet) which exhibit permanent polarization are believed
to inherently possess piezoelectric properties.
Chemistry: Physical Processes,
subclasses 295+ for processes of crystallizing inorganic polycrystalline
chemical compounds; the products of these processes, and the seed
crystals used in the processes, are classified as chemical compounds.
Processes of detwinning crystals are classified in the crystallizing
subclasses. Method of preventing decomposition of crystals by enclosing
the crystals in an environment rich in the decomposition products
so that the equilibrium tendency is against decomposition (as when
an ammonium salt is surrounded with ammonia gas) are classified
with the crystals. Also see subclass 273 for seed crystals combined
with supports, which combination is classified as crystallizing apparatus.
Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy
Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor, for processes and non-coating apparatus (including seed
crystal combined with support) for growing thereindefined single-crystal
of all types of materials, including inorganic or organic. The products
of these processes, and the seed crystals used in the processes, are
classified as chemical compounds. Processes of detwinning crystals
are classified in the crystallizing subclasses. Method of preventing decomposition
of crystals by enclosing the crystals in an environment rich in
the decomposition products so that the equilibrium tendency is against decomposition
(as when an ammonium salt is surrounded with ammonia gas) are classified
with the crystals. Apparatus for detwinning crystals are classified
with the crystallizing apparatus as appropriate; for example, Class
117,
subclasses 200+ for non-coating apparatus which forms a therein-defined
single-crystal.
Coating Apparatus, generally provides for coating apparatus, including single-crystal
(e.g., epitaxy) coating means, especially
subclasses 400+ , 500+, or 715+.
Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, appropriate subclasses, for processes of crystallizing
organic compounds, the process being classified with its product.
The products of these processes, and also the seed crystals used in
the process, are classified as chemical compounds. Organic compounds, per
se, are classified in Class 260, even though claimed or disclosed
as being piezoelectric, when the compound is not claimed as being
shaped with respect to the piezoelectric property and where it is
uncombined with piezoelectric structure.
Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclasses 311+ (e.g., 357+) for piezoelectric organic
or inorganic compositions of particular shape where there is a disclosure
that the shape is significant to the piezoelectric property; subclass
323.11, for a piezoelectric element forming a resonant structure
used in a traveling wave motor constructed of a specific substance
or compound.
Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing,
Preserving, or Sterilizing,
subclasses 129+ where a chemical reaction means is provided and
subclasses 245.1+ where a physical reaction means is provided.
See Class 422, subclasses 129+ or 245.1+ for
crystallizing apparatus not provided for elsewhere.
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for inorganic compounds, per se, even though disclosed
or claimed as being piezoelectric, where the compound is not claimed
as being shaped with respect to the piezoelectric property and where
it is not combined with piezoelectric structure.
Compositions: Ceramic, appropriate subclasses for ceramic compositions and
ceramic dielectrics, such as those containing titanate compounds,
glass, procelain, or steatite. A disclosure of or claim to piezoelectric
properties results in classification in this subclass without a
cross-reference to Class 501.
VAPORIZATION, OR EXPANSION, REFRIGERATION OR HEAT OR ENERGY
EXCHANGE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
use in producing refrigeration, or heat or energy exchange, by operations that
include vaporization, or expansion or compression, of a substance
or of materials containing the same.
(1)
Note. This subclass provides, inter alia, for (1) claiming
admixtures of ingredients, or claims to an old compound limited
to use as a heat exchange agent, (2) processes of heat exchange
comprising known heat exchange steps broadly recited and distinguished
solely by the composition or compound used, and (3) apparatus with
the composition or compound therein, where characteristics of apparatus
structure are not claimed. The preceding are placed in this class
even though freezing or boiling points or temparatures of use are
specified.
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Compositions which contain agents for lubrication, inhibiting
corrosion or chemical decomposition, indicating or inhibiting leakage,
or an auxiliary substance for persisting as a gas, without liquefaction,
solution, or absorption thereof in any significant amount.
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Compositions which contain substances of relatively low
volatility as solvents or absorbents for gases or for substances
of relatively high volatility.
FROST-PREVENTING, ICE-THAWING, THERMOSTATIC, THERMOPHORIC, OR
CRYOGENIC:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
use in preventing frost, thawing ice, maintaining temperatures within narrow
ranges, supplying or absorbing heat, or producing low temperatures,
by changes in phases insubstances (e.g., solidification and liquefaction)
or other changes in substances other than mere temperature change,
but excluding combustion and irreversible chemical reactions.
Fuel and Related Compositions, for liquid or solid compositions for producing heat by
combustion, especially
subclasses 250+ for a composition which produces heat by a flameless
or glowless chemical reaction which is not readily reversible.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclass 169 for a composition containing a synthetic resin
or natural rubbers having utility to preserve visibility through
a windshield or other optical device by preventing the buildup of
fog or rendering the surface hydrophobic thereby causing the surface
to repel water or to processes of preparing said composition.
HEAT-EXCHANGE, LOW-FREEZING OR POUR POINT, OR HIGH BOILING COMPOSITIONS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
use in heat exchanges or which are low-freezing or high-boiling,
or which are adapted to form mixtures having a lower pour-point
or freezing point when mixed with other substances.
(1)
Note. Elements other than C and H and compounds which contain
such other elements are not considered to be significant in this
class, when they originate in and form a part of petroleum or fractions thereof,
unless such elements or compounds are recited separately in the claims.
(2)
Note. This subclass provides, inter alia, for (1) claiming
admixtures of ingredients, or claims to an old compound limited
to use as a heat exchange agent, (2) processes of heat exchange
comprising known heat exchange steps broadly recited and distinguished
solely by the composition or compound used, and (3) apparatus with
the composition or compound therein, where characteristics of apparatus
structure are not claimed. The preceding are placed in this class
even though freezing or boiling points or temparatures of use are
specified.
Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, for processes of heating liquids, etc., which may
involve the use of compositions classified in this subclass (71) and
its indents.
Distillation: Processes, Separatory, for processes of heating liquids, etc., which may
involve the use of compositions classified in this subclass and its
indents.
Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, for processes of heating liquids, etc., which may
involve the use of compositions classified in this subclass and
its indents.
Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor,
Lubricant and Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and
Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions, for compositions similar to those of this subclass
when such compositions are specialized for use as lubricants.
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Compositions which contain organic compounds which contain
nonmetallic elements other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Compositions which contain organic compounds which contain
nonmetallic elements other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Compositions containing organic compounds which have nonmetallic
elements other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for the treatment
of mineral substances (including metal) by surface removal with
chemical agents.
(1)
Note. This and indented subclasses also provide for patents
which in addition to a composition claim also contain a claim to
a nominal process of treating material therewith (e.g., etching,
contacting, etc.) even though the composition of the material treated
is recited.
(2)
Note. Compositions for "bright polishing" involving
the production of a shiny, mirror-like or specular finish on metals are
considered to involve surface removal for this and indented subclasses.
Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, for compositions used in dyeing fabrics for the
chemical modification of the fiber or fabric to produce ornamental
effects.
Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,
subclasses 210+ , 221, and 223 for etching processes combined with
electrolytic coating and subclasses 640+ and 687+ for
electrolytic etching processes without formation of an electrolytic coating.
Etching a Substrate: Processes, for etching processes. Any detail of a treating
step, e.g., dipping, spraying, etc., is sufficient to render an
etching process more than nominal, and to place the patent in Class
216.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, for compositions used to clean a solid surface by removal
of foreign matter and not involving the removal of the surface,
per se, especially
subclasses 245+ for bare metal surface cleaning compositions.
DUST SUPPRESSANTS FOR BULK MATERIALS, OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING
(E.G., FOR CONSOLIDATING DUST IN COAL MINES, CONTROLLING SOIL EROSION,
ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized or designed for suppressing dust
(e.g., by binding, consolidating, etc.) from materials stored in
large bulk, usually in open outdoor spaces, or processes of preparing
the compositions.
(1)
Note. Processes involving the mere use of a claimed composition
are included in this subclass. If no composition is claimed or
significant process steps are involved in addition to such mere
use, the patent is classifiable in other appropriate classes.
COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING OR IMPREGNATING A SUBSTRATE USED FOR
COLLECTING FINE PARTICLES BY ADHERENCE, OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING
(E.G., FOR IMPREGNATING DUSTING CLOTHS, DUST FILTERS, ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized or designed for collection of fine
particles, such as dust, by adherence to a substrate coated or impregnated with
the composition, such as furnace filters, or processes of preparing
the compositions.
(1)
Note. Processes involving the mere use of a claimed composition
are included in this subclass. If no composition is claimed or
significant process steps are involved in addition to such mere
use, the patent is classifiable in other appropriate classes.
Gas Separation: Processes, particularly
subclasses 273+ for processes of separating solid particles from
gas which may include use of a particle adherent composition.
WATER-SOFTENING OR PURIFYING OR SCALE-INHIBITING AGENTS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
use in treating water to soften or purify it, to precipitate impurities
in it, or to inhibit formation of scale or incrustation in steam
boilers or other water containers, or processes of making such compositions.
Liquid Purification or Separation,
subclasses 660+ for processes of separation involving ion exchange
or sorption, and subclasses 702+ for separating processes
involving precipitation.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,
subclasses 247+ for water scale removing compositions.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 113+ for compositions for or subcombination compositions
for or breaking of or inhibiting of colloid systems (e.g., foam
breaking, emulsion breaking, dispersion inhibiting, suspension settling,
gel breaking, smoke suppressing, coagulating, flocculating), when generically
claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the
USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Compositions in the form of packages or which contain, in
each case, a particular heterogeneous arrangement of two or more
components, other than mixed granules, which differ from each other
chemically or physically.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,
subclass 248 for descaling agents including a free element component
(e.g., metal).
This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Compositions which contain substantially water-insoluble
materials which are adapted to bind or take up bases or cations
in exchange for other bases or cations.
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 700+ for zeolites and appropriate subclasses for aluminosilicate
compounds having base-exchange capabilities.
This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Compositions which contain inorganic compounds or elements
other than alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates and
water.
GETTERS OR GAS OR VAPOR GENERATING MATERIALS FOR ELECTRIC LAMPS,
ELECTRIC SPACE DISCHARGE DEVICES, AND SIMILAR DEVICES:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which are (1) designed for use as a getter
for an electric lamp, an electric space discharge device, or other
container which is either evacuated or contains a confined atmosphere
of gas or vapor, and (2) designed for use in generating a gas or
vapor within the container of an electric lamp, and electric space
discharge device or similar container.
(1)
Note. Getters are materials which, when used in closed containers,
reduce the gas or vapor content of the container. A getter may
react with the gas or vapor in the container to form a solid nonvaporizable material,
or to adsorb or absorb the gas or vapor, or may reduce the amount
of the gas or vapor in the container in any other way. The material
may be a getter for one gas or vapor and may not have any effect
upon another gas or vapor.
(2)
Note. These subclasses provide for all materials which are
limited by the claims to use as a getter. Where the patent claims
a material broadly as well as claiming a getter made of the material, the
patent will be classified with the appropriate material where the
material is classified in a class other than Class 252 and cross-referenced
here. These subclasses provide for all materials broadly or specifically
claimed which are not otherwise classified which are disclosed for
use as getters.
(3)
Note. These subclasses provide for patents which claim merely
a container or device which contains a particular getter material
where no structure of the container or device is set forth. Where
the device is claimed by name only, as an electric lamp, or where
details of the device are claimed, the patent is classified with
the device.
(4)
Note. Where the patent claims a process of gettering and
also contains claims to the gettering material, the patent is classified
with the art which provides for the process and is cross-referenced
to these subclasses.
for compositions for use as agents or materials
for absorbing or binding extraneous compounds or elements, or for
use in causing or carrying out other changes by chemical reactions.
for materials for filaments, electrodes and shields
for electric lamps and electric space discharge devices. Such a
material when also adapted to act as getter or a gas or vapor generating
material is classified in subclasses 181.1+, and cross-referenced
into subclasses 500+.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclasses 228+ for a composition having a continuous phase of free
metal made by consolidating metal particles, and subclasses 255+ for
a loose metal particle composition.
Gas Separation: Processes, for processes involving steps resulting in separation of
a gas from a fluid mixture comprising (a) a gas and solid or liquid
particles entrained therein, (b) a liquid and gas entrained therein,
or (c) a plurality of gases. See particularly
subclasses 90+ for processes of gas separation using a solid sorbent.
Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus used in separation of a gas from a fluid
mixture comprising (a) a gas and solid or liquid particles entrained therein,
(b) a liquid and gas entrained therein, or (c) a plurality of gases.
See particularly
subclasses 108+ for solid sorbent apparatus for gas separation.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,
subclasses 545, 546, and 547 for electric lamps and electric space
discharge devices which are provided with a getter or gas or vapor generating
material within the envelope of the device.
Pumps,
subclasses 48+ for electrical or getter type devices, which are
more than merely the material, including significant claimed containers
holding getter material for disposition in a chamber to be evacuated.
Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor:
Product or Process of Making, for a composition comprising a catalyst or support
therefor or sorbent of general utility.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, for cleaning compositions of general or specific utility,
particularly
subclasses 367+ for those compositions which are adapted to bleach
or oxidize by chemical reaction.
This subclass is indented under subclass 181.1. Materials which contain either (1) a plurality of getter
substances, (2) a plurality of materials capable of generating two
or more different gases or vapors, or (3) a material capable of generating
a gas or vapor and a different material capable of acting as a getter.
(2)
Note. As many getter and gas or vapor generating materials
contain two or more ingredients, classification in this subclass
depends principally upon the disclosure of the patent.
for the case where there is only a single gas or
vapor generated and such gas or vapor is capable of acting as a getter
as well as being capable of supplying a gas or vapor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 181.1. Materials which contain a plurality of substances not in
chemical combination with each other, at least two of the substances
being capable of chemically reacting with each other to produce
the getter or gas or vapor generating material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 181.1. Getters where the getter material is normally gaseous.
(1)
Note. This subclass does not include materials which are
rendered gaseous or vaporous by treating a substance which is normally
nongaseous or vaporous.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for processes of making metals,
and
subclasses 228+ for consolidated and 255+ for loose metal
particle compositions.
Organic Compounds, appropriate subclasses for carbon compounds which contain
a metal, see
subclasses 1+ where the compound contains a heavy metal and subclasses
170+ where the compound contains aluminum.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclasses 255+ for loose mixtures of metal or alloy powder.
HAVING UTILITY AS A REACTIVE MATERIAL IN AN ELECTROCHEMICAL
CELL; E.G., BATTERY, ETC.:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which are chemically reactive and have utility
in electro-chemical cell, e.g., battery, etc.
Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus,
Product and Process, appropriate subclasses for materials of this subclass
combined with battery structure, e.g., electrolyte, electrode, etc.
COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING A SINGLE CHEMICAL REACTANT OR PLURAL
NONINTERACTIVE CHEMICAL REACTANTS; I.E., NOT VIS-A-VIS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Composition s containing a single reactant or plural reactants
under the class definition specialized or designed for use in subsequent
reactions with other materials, but not with each other.
(1)
Note. The addition of a material which serves a dual purpose,
i.e., reactant plus diluent, solvent, plasticizer, etc., will be classified
as a reactant; if the patent is silent as to its function than it
will be classified as a nonreactive material.
(2)
Note. The relationship between a subclass and subclasses indented
thereunder is such that reference is always to the same reactant,
unless the indented subclass begins with "With or Contains" in which
case they may refer to any reactant.
(3)
Note. A composition containing a reactant metal, element
or compound stabilized with a specified material, or a process of
making such a composition, is nonetheless classified accordingly with
the metal, element or compound classes.
(4)
Note. Whenever possible, full recognition should be given
to the term "catalyst" in describing a given substance even
though from prior art the substance is known to behave as a reactant.
Thus, triethanolamine can react with polyisocyanates to form polyurethanes;
however, if it stated that triethanolamine functions as a catalyst
in aiding the condensation of polyols with polyisocyanate, then
it is classified in the catalyst class and not as a reactant. Similarly,
a composition specified to function as an accelerating agent will
be classified in the catalyst class. Vulcanizing a curing compositions
are considered proper herein unless it is clear that their function
is strictly catalytic. Peroxide compositions, per se, will be considered
as catalysts, and therefore, proper for the catalyst class.
(5)
Note. To be classified in this or the indented subclasses
a patent must not recite a claim drawn to a composition containing
a solid synthetic polymer. Where a patent sets forth claims which are
drawn to species that may or may not be synthetic polymers as per
disclosure, or where a patent contains only generic claims and the
disclosure, or where a patent contains only generic claims and the
disclosure sets forth species which are appropriate as synthetic
polymers and species which are appropriate as synthetic polymers
and species which are not, the patent is placed here as an original
with the species which are appropriate as synthetic polymers and species
which are nonresinous and cross-referenced to the appropriate polymer classes.
Polymers are limited to synthetic organic polymers and excludes inorganic
polymer, natural polymers, e.g., starch, cellulose, collegen, wool, etc.
(6)
Note. A composition which contains (1) potentially reactable
ingredients to be polymerized and (2) all or the necessary reactants
to form a desired synthetic resin or (3) those reactants which are potentially
reactable at room temperature or that require merely heat and/or pressure
or moisture when reactant contains Si-C, Si-H, -N=C=X,
(X is chalcogen) or is a liquid polysulfide is classified in appropriate
polymer classes.
(7)
Note. See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
in the main class definition of this class (252) for a hierarchical
listing of composition classes.
for getter and gas or vapor generating compositions
for electric lamps, electric space discharge devices and other evacuated
or gas or vapor filled containers.
for the additon of a stabilizer or inhibitor to
a composition to prevent the interaction between two or more reactants,
such that the reactants can interact on removal of the stablizer
or inhibitor.
Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges, appropriate subclasses for gas generating compositions
which undergo a chemical change at a very rapid rate, or rate approaching
instantaneous reaction, resulting in the production of usable force
as in blasting, fire arms, jet propulsion, filling automotive passenger
gas-bags, etc.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; including those
instances when a composition would otherwise be proper for this subclass
(182.11) and its indented subclasses.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,
subclasses 50+ for compositions containing all the required reactants
or polymer derived thereof plus a foam generating composition (blowing agent).
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.11. Subject matter wherein the composition contains a single
reactant or plural noninteractive chemical reactants at least one
of which is organic in nature.
(1)
Note. The term organic denotes the reactant as one which
has carbon therein the which is further characterized by the presence
of (a) a C-C bond, or (b) C-H bond, or (c) (C-halogen bond, or (d)
C-N or C=N bond, with the proviso that hydrocyanic acid,
cyanogen, isocyanic acid, cyanamide, cyanogen halide, isothiocyanic
acid, and metal carbides are excluded as being organic in nature.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.12. Subject matter designed for subsequent use in polymerization
processes and other polymer treating processes, e.g., crosslinking,
grafting, blocking, curing, hardening, vulcanizing, etc.
(1)
Note. The term "subsequent" means that the
claimed composition will be used in one of the above stated processes directly,
immediately or in the very near future, and not remotely. Thus,
for example, a composition which contains a glycol which is to be
subsequently transformed into a liquid polyester is not classified
in this subclass. The subsequent esterification will not lead to
a solid polymer but merely the preparation of a compound by definition.
So, too, a composition designed for subsequent preparation of cyclic
trimmers for tetrameres, etc, which, by disclosure are compounds, are
also excluded from this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.13. Subject matter wherein a reactant contains an element other
than C, H, O, or N, e.g., an isocyanate compound containing silicon,
or a phosphorous-containing polyol both used for preparing polyurethanes,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.13. Subject matter wherein the reactant contains an ethylenic
group, e.g., methyl methacrylate,acrylic acid, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.18. Subject matter wherein the organic reactant containing an
ethylenic groups also contains an anhydride moiety, e.g., maleic anhydride,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.13. Subject matter wherein the organic reactant contains an
isocyanate (-N=C=O) or blocked isocyanate (-NHC(=O)-OR)
group.
(1)
Note. A blocked isocyanate is an isocyanate which has been
rendered inert by conversion to an inactive group usually in the
form of a urethane (-N-C(=O)-OR) group.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.2. Subject matter wherein the composition contains two or more
reactants which contain isocyanate or blocked isocyanate groups;
e.g., an isomeric mixture of 2, 2"-, 2, 4"- and/or
4, 4"- diisocyanate diphenylmethane, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.21. Subject matter wherein the isocyanate compound in addition
contains either a blocked isocyanate or urethane group.
(1)
Note. Found here typically is a polyisocyanate treated with
a polyol yielding an isocyanate terminated polyurethane.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.23. Subject matter wherein the organic reactant contains plural
hydroxyl groups, e.g., ethylene glycol, glycerine, sucrose, starch,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.14. Subject matter wherein the organic reactant additionally
contains an ether linkage, e.g., polyethylene glycol, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.23. Subject matter wherein the oxygen containing organic reactant
is a carboxylic acid or derivative thereof.
(1)
Note. A carboxylic acid derivative denotes: nitrile, ester,
anhydride, salt, amide, imide, lactam, lactone, and acyl halide.
The metal salt and acyl halide are not classified herein.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.12. Subject matter wherein the composition contains material
whose sole function is to impart stability to one or more compounds
for the purpose of delaying or retarding a chemical change in one
or more of these compounds, until such time when one or more of
these compounds may under so a subsequent reaction.
(1)
Note. This stabilization or inhibition process may occur
in any number of ways too numerous, if not impossible to elaborate
here. However, some processes may be: coating, encapsulation, impregnation,
complexation, or other altered chemicals forms, e.g., salting, hydrogen,
bonding, tautomerizing, clathration, etc. It is imperative to point
out that the stabilization or inhibition is related to only a chemical
change and not to any physical change. Thus, a surfactant added
to a composition to form a stable emulsion of a given reactant is
not classified in this subclass, whereas the stabilization of a
solution of a reactant wherein said reactant is unstable in the presence
of the solvent is properly classified here, etc.
for the addition of (1) a metal salt to stablize
H2O2 against decomposition and
(2) a third substance e.g. a dye to indicate possible peroxide decomposition
by way of a color change.
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclass 265 for a detailed discussion on the use of additives
to an inorganic compound wherein the resultant composition is properly
classified herein. For example, the addition of a metal salt to
stabilize hydrogen peroxide against decomposition would be classified
in Class 423, subclass 273.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.11. Subject matter wherein the organic reactant contains a phosphorous,
silicon or sulfur atom or contains a metal-to carbon bond, e.g.,
mixture of phosphite compounds to scavenge aldehydes and ketones,
etc.
for getter and gas or vapor generating composition
for electric lamps, electric space discharge devices and other evacuated
or gas or vapor filled containers.
Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Changes, appropriate subclasses for gas generating composition
which under go a chemical change at a very rapid rate, or a rate
approaching instantaneous reaction, resulting in the production
of usable force as in blasting, fire arms, jet propulsion, filling
automotive passenger restraining gas-bags, etc.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; including those
instances when a composition would otherwise be proper for this subclass
(182.11) and its indented subclasses.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,
subclasses 50+ for compositions containing all the required reactant
or polymer derived thereof plus foam generating composition (blowing agent).
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.12. Subject matter wherein the organic reactant is a phenolic,
phenolic ether or inorganic phenolate compound, e.g., phenol, bisphenol
A, the diglycidyl ether or bisphenol A, sodium pentachlorophenolate,
etc.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Class Definition glossary for a detailed definition
of a phenol, phenol ether and inorganic phenolate; this is encompassed
under the heading "phenolic reactant."
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.11. Subject matter wherein the composition contains an inorganic
reactant other than sulfur, e.g., a solution of silicon tetrafluoride
in tetrahydrofuran, liquid hydrogen fluoride dimethyl sulfoxide,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.32. Subject matter wherein the inorganic reactant contains a
heavy metal, e.g., titanium, vanadium, iron, manganese, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.32. Subject matter wherein the inorganic reactant contains nitrogen,
e.g., ammonium hydroxide sodium nitrate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.32. Subject matter wherein the inorganic reactant contains aluminum
or phosphorus, e.g., phosphoric acid, aluminum hydroxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which contains a mixture or association of
two or more reactants chosen for subsequent and not immediate chemical interaction
thereof, i.e., vis-a-vis, substances peculiar thereto, and processes
of making the same.
(1)
Note. This subclass provides for the addition of a stabilizer
or inhibitor to a composition to prevent the interaction between
two or more reactants such that the reactants con interact subsequently upon
removal or interruption of the stabilizer or inhibitor or otherwise
render them reactive.
(2)
Note. This subclass does not take solid synthetic polymers
as part of a composition.
(3)
Note. A composition containing potentially reactable ingredients
which are to be polymerized and which contains all of the necessary
reactants to form the desired solid synthetic resin; or contains those
reactants which are potentially reactable at room temperature or
requiring merely the addition of heat, pressure, or moisture when
said reactants contain a Si-C, Si-H bond or -N=C=X
group (wherein x is a chalcogen atom); or contains a liquid polysulfide
is classified in appropriate polymer classes.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 402+ , for solid polymer reactants A and B microencapsulated
within a given microcapsule or a sphere or specified dimensions,
and wherein the two are stabilized for subsequent reaction.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; including those
instances when a composition would otherwise be proper for this subclass
(183.11) and its indented subclasses.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses for a composition containing
a solid polymer admixed with a reactant, which may be an additional
solid polymer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 183.11. Subject matter wherein the composition contains a material
whose sole function is to impart stability or inhabitation to one
or more components in order to delay or retard a chemical reaction
from occurring.
This subclass is indented under subclass 183.11. Subject matter wherein composition contains both an organic
reactant and an inorganic reactant, e.g., tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate,
desiccated alkali metal formate and dehydrated aluminum sulphate,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 183.11. Subject matter wherein the composition contains only inorganic
reactants, e.g., a heat producing composition containing magnesium
sulfate and iron oxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 183.14. Subject matter wherein the inorganic reactants are considered
calcium carbide precursors, i.e., which when reacted, will produce calcium
carbide, e.g., calcium oxide and coke, etc.
Subject matter under search class 183.14 wherein the composition
contains an inorganic carbonate or bicarbonate, e.g., a buffering
composition containing a mixture of aluminum hydroxide and ammonium
bicarbonate, etc.
(E.G, EXPLOSIVE DOOR HINGE, TOOL EXPLOSIVELY ACTUATED,
BAND RELEASE, EXPANSION OF TUBE, CABLE CUTTER, EXPLOSIVELY OPERATED
SPLITTING WEDGES):
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Compositions in each case specialized and designed for,
or peculiar to, use in both absorbing or binding an extraneous substance,
physically or chemically, and yielding by chemical reaction a chemically-free
third substance which does not contain the substance which is absorbed
or bound, or in making substances for such use; such as ion exchange
compositions.
PLUMBIFEROUS SULPHUR BINDANT OR MODIFIANT CONTAINING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which contain substances which contain lead
or a lead compound for, or peculiar to, use in treating petroleum
to "sweeten" it, or eliminate therefrom or modify sulfur
or sulfur compounds therein, or chemically binding extraneous sulfur
or chemically modifying extraneous sulfur compounds, or in making
substances for such use.
OXIDATIVE BLEACHANT, OXIDANT CONTAINING, OR GENERATIVE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which contain substances for, or peculiar to,
use in bleaching by oxidation, or in other oxidation of extraneous
substances, or in generating oxygen, or in making substances for
such use, or processes of making such compositions or mere method
of using such compositions.
(1)
Note. A material qualifies as an oxidizing agent either if
it is so claimed, disclosed, or if it is generally art recognized as
such.
Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers,
subclasses 101+ for processes of bleaching or decoloring textiles
and which are other than the mere application of a novel oxidizing
bleach composition.
Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges,
subclasses 1 and 119 for a collection of organic and inorganic compounds
having oxidative uses in compositions of that class.
Liquid Purification or Separation,
subclasses 749+ for processes of chemically treating a liquid for
the purpose of purifying the liquid using an oxidizing composition,
e.g., a method to reduce the bacteria count in water using sodium
hypochlorite would be classified in Classes 210, subclass 756.
Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, appropriate subclasses for organic compounds, per
se, which may be oxidative and admixture of such compounds with
agents designed to improve the stability of such compounds.
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 265+ for an inorganic compound, which may be oxidative, admixed
with an agent designed to improve the stability of such a compound.
Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,
subclass 62 for compositions under the class definition which
bleach or remove color from live skin or hair and which are applied
topically.
Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor:
Product or Process of Making, for compositions containing an oxidant claimed or
solely disclosed as a catalyst.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, especially
subclasses 302+ and 367+ for cleaning compositions including
an oxidant or chemical bleach component.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, subclasses 31+ for colloid
systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid phase dispersed in primarily
organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses 77+ for colloid
systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous
liquid phase; or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing
such systems or agents; in each instance, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Compositions which contains two or more oxidizing agents,
e.g., a liquified mixture of chlorine and chlorine dioxide, sodium
chlorate and sodium peroxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.21. Compositions wherein at least two of the oxidants are peroxides,
e.g., ammonium persulfate and sodium peroxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.22. Compositions wherein at least one of the peroxides is organic,
e.g., peracetic acid, ditertiary butyl peroxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Compositions which contains an elemental material and which
composition is further devoid of water, e.g., graphite, charcoal,
metal alloys, oxygen, ozone, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Compositions containing a stabilizer wherein the stabilizer
is accompanied by additional materials properly classifying the
composition herein, e.g., a composition comprised of an oxidant,
stabilizer, plasticizer and densifying agent, etc.; a composition
containing a product therein which is a surface coated, impregnated, encapsulated,
or surface modified material, e.g., fiber, sheet, particle, or web,
etc.
(1)
Note. This subclass does not require that the product admixed
be in the same physical or chemical state after achieving the final
composition, e.g., the composition or product, per se, may be comminuted,
chemically treated, transitory, etc.
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for a Class 423 product admixed with a stabilizer
and the admixture is neither disclosed nor claimed as having any
utility.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 221+ for web or sheet containing structurally defined
element or component; and subclasses 357+ for coated or
structurally defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand-portion,
rod, filament, macroscopic fiber, or mass thereof.
Synthetic Resin or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses for a material impregnated,
encapsulated, surface modified or surface coated in a solid polymer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.25. Compositions which contains an organic peroxide, e.g., a
composition containing sodium peroxy carbonate coated with a stabilizing
quantity of fatty alkanol-amides, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.25. Compositions which contains an inorganic peroxide, e.g.,
a stabilized composition containing sodium peroxide, magnesium acetate,
and alkali metal silicate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.27. Compositions wherein the inorganic peroxide is hydrogen
peroxide, e.g., a composition comprised of hydrogen peroxide stabilized with
sodium stannate and aluminum acetate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.28. Composition which contains an organic material, e.g., a
composition comprised of hydrogen peroxide admixed with a stabilizing
amount of 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, etc.
(1)
Note. The presence of the organic material need not be attributed
exclusively to either a stabilizing agent or a material used to
coat, impregnate, encapsulate, or surface modify a particle, but
may function in other capacities, e.g., filler, plasticizer, solvent,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.27. Compositions which contains inorganic perborate salts, e.g.,
a composition comprised of sodium perborate stabilized with particle
coating of sodium carbonate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.3. Composition which contains an organic material, e.g., a
bleaching composition comprised of sodium perborate and benzoic
anhydride coated onto expanded perlite particles, etc.
(1)
Note. The presence of the organic material need not be attributed
exclusively to either a stabilizing agent or a material used to
coat, encapsulate, impregnate, or surface modify a particle, but
may function in other capacities, e.g., a filler, plasticizer, solvent,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.27. Composition which contains a Group IA metal peroxide (Li,
Na, K, Rb, Cs), e.g., a composition comprised of sodium percarbonate
coated with aqueous sodium silicate solution, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.25. Composition which contains a Group VIIB metal (Mn, Tc, Re)
or Group VIII metal (Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt) or compound
thereof, e.g., a composition comprised of zinc oxide particles coated
with silver permanganate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.25. Composition which contains an organohalogen compound as
the oxidizing or oxygen generating agent, e.g., N, N1 -di (2, 4,
6 - trichlorophenyl) -N, N1 -di - chlorourea stabilized with zinc
oxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.34. Composition which contains chloroisocyanurates as the organohalogen-type
oxidant, e.g., a composition comprised of trichloroisocyanuric acid
stabilized with magnesium sulfate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.25. Composition which contains an oxy-halogen acid compound,
an anhydride thereof, free halogen, or a compound which yields such a
halogen body when treated with water, basic material, nonhalogen
acid, or heat, e.g., a composition comprised of aqueous sodium hypochlorite
stabilized against trace amounts of iron impurities with calcium
chloride and sodium carbonate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.36. Composition which contains a Group IIA metal (Be, Mg, Ca,
Sr, Ba), e.g., a composition comprised of calcium hypochlorite core coated
with a mixture of calcium hypochlorite dihydrate and sodium chloride,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Composition which contains an activator admixed with an
inorganic peroxide, i.e., a material which enhances or assists in
the decomposition of the peroxide, e.g., a bleaching composition
comprised of an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide admixed with
a carboxylic acid anhydride, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.38. Composition which contains a heterocylic compound, e.g.,
a composition comprised of hydrogen peroxide and 1-acetyl - 5, 6
- dihydrouracil, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.39. Composition which contains an oxygen heterocycle, e.g.,
a composition comprised of sodium perborate and beta-propiolactone, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.38. Composition which contains hydrogen peroxide admixed with
an activator, e.g., a composition comprised of hydrogen peroxide and
sodamide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Composition which contains an organic peroxide, e.g., a
composition comprised of monoperoxyphthalic acid and magnesium sulfate,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Composition which contains an inorganic peroxide, e.g.,
a composition comprised of hydrogen peroxide and a fabric discoloration inhibitor,
3-Salicyloylamido benzimidazole, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Composition which contains an inorganic nitrogen containing
compound, e.g., a composition comprised of sodium hypochlorite and the
surface active agent, C-decyl-N-tri-methyl-alpha-betaine,etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Composition which contains an oxy-halogen acid compound,
an anhydride thereof, free halogen, or a compound which yields such
a halogen body when treated with water, basic material, nonhologen
acid, or heat, e.g., a bleaching composition comprised of perchloric acid
and polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.1. Composition which contains a halogen oxidant other than
chlorine, e.g., a cleaning composition comprised of iodine and ethylene
glycol, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.1. Composition which contains chlorine dioxide or monoxide,
e.g., a composition comprised of chlorine monoxide and 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.21. Composition which contains elemental chlorine, e.g., an
aqueous composition comprised of chlorine dioxide and chlorine,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.1. Composition which contains a chlorite salt, e.g., a composition
comprised of sodium hypochlorite admixed with sodium chloride, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.23. Composition which contains a hypochlorite salt, e.g., a
composition comprised of sodium hypochlorite admixed with magnesium
oxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.24. Composition which contains a Group IA metal hypochlorite
salt (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), e.g., a dustless bleaching composition
comprised of lithium hypochlorite, sodium chloride, and chlorinated
biphenyl, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.25. Composition which contains the hypochlorite in the form
of its sodium salt, e.g., a composition comprised of sodium hypochlorite
and magnesium silicate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.24. Composition which contains a Group IIA metal hypochlorite
(Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba), e.g., a composition comprised of magnesium hypochlorite
and citric or tartaric acid as solubilizing agent, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.27. Composition which contains a hypochlorite in the form of
its calcium salt, e.g., a composition comprised of calcium hypochlorite
and sodium chloride filler, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.28. Composition which contains in addition to calcium hypochlorite
a Group I A metal compound (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), e.g., a composition
comprised of calcium hypochlorite, calcium oxide and sodium carbonate,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.28. Composition which contains in addition to the calcium hypochlorite
a Group IIA metal compound (Be, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr), e.g., a composition
comprised of calcium hypochlorite and sodium stearate as lubricant,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.1. Composition which contains a chlorate or perchlorate salt
as an oxidizing agent, e.g., a composition comprised of sodium chlorate
and sodium chloride, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.1. Composition which contains hypochlorous acid, e.g., a solution
of hypochlorous acid in methyl ethyl ketone, etc.
(1)
Note. Hypochlorous acid compositions claimed in terms of
their precursors are classified on the latter whenever possible.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.1. Composition which contains a compound containing a nitrogen-to-chlorine
bond, as a hypochlorite precursor, e.g., a bleaching composition
comprised of 1, 3 - di-chloro - 5, 5 - dimethylhydantoin and tetrasodium
pyrophosphate buffer, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 187.33. Composition which contains chloroisocyanurates, e.g., a
composition comprised of dichlorisocyanurate and a carrier, sodium sulfate,
etc.
REDUCTIVE BLEACHANT, DEOXIDANT, REDUCTANT, OR GENERATIVE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Composition which contains substances for use in bleaching
by chemical reduction, in deoxygenation, or in other chemical reductions of
extraneous substances or in generating hydrogen, or in making substances
for such use, or in processes of making such compositions or mere
method of using such compositions.
(1)
Note. A material qualifies as a reducing agent either if
it is so claimed, disclosed or otherwise art-recognized as such.
(2)
Note. This subclass and its indents take compositions which
are claimed as detergents, but which recite only a reductant and
do not recite detergent-type ingredients.
for compositions containing a reductant and claimed
or solely disclosed as a catalyst. Included herein are oxygen scavenging
or deoxidant compositions which function by physical adsorption or
absorption; where the absorptive or adsorptive process in unclear
or unspecified as being either physical or chemical, the assumption
will be made that the process is physical.
Bleaching and Dyeing: Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers,
subclasses 101+ for processes of bleaching or decolorizing textiles
and which are other than the mere application of a novel reducing
bleach composition.
Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for loose mixtures of metal
powders.
Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges, appropriate subclasses for fuel intended for blasting,
firearms, jet propulsion of rockets, vehicles, rapidly filling automotive
passenger restraining gas bags, chemical lasers, etc. Included
in this class are propellants which, upon initiation, are capable
of undergoing a chemical change at a relatively high rate of speed.
The class also provides for compositions which utilize a reducing
agent to produce usable heat in an irreversible or nonregenerating
manner.
Liquid Purification or Separation,
subclasses 749+ for processes of chemically treating a liquid for
the purpose of purifying the liquid using a deoxygenating or reducing
composition; subclass 750 for a method of removing dissolved oxygen
from water using alkylhydrazines.
Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, appropriate subclasses for organic compounds, per
se, which may be reductive and admixtures of such compounds with
agents designed to improve the stability of such a compound.
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 265+ for an inorganic compound, which may be reductive, admixed
with an agent designed to improve the stability of such a compound.
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, for cleaning compositions, particularly
subclasses 247+ for deoxidant containing descaling agents and subclasses
302+ and 367+ for compositions including a chemical bleach
component which is a reducing agent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Composition which contains a sulfur containing reductive
bleachant, deoxidant, reductant, or generative, e.g., a reductive
bleaching composition comprised of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate
and zinc sulfate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.2. Composition which contains a sulfite, e.g., a dye-reducing
aqueous composition comprised of sodium borohydride and sodium sulfite,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.21. Composition which contains the specific hydrosulfite (dithionite)
salt, i.e., (S2 04)-2, e.g., an oxygen consuming composition comprised
of sodium dithionite (Na2 S2 04) and sodium sulfate, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.22. Composition which contains an organic additive e.g., a reducing
composition comprised of sodium dithionite and zinc hydroxymethanesulfinate,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.23. Composition which contains either an organic or inorganic
nitrogen containing additive, e.g., a reducing composition which
contains an aqueous dispersion of sodium dithionite (also known
as hydrosulfites or hyposulfites) and ammonium chloride as a solubility
suppressant, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Composition which generates hydrogen, i.e., one which either
contains or is designed to supply through chemical action hydrogen,
e.g., a hydrogen generating composition consisting essentially of
lithium hydride particles suspended in a liquid mixture of pyridine
and benzene, etc.
(1)
Note. For patents to be placed here there must be a positive
recitation that the composition generates hydrogen.
(2)
Note. The ionization of hydrogen containing materials is
not considered as a hydrogen generating process and therefore not
classified here.
for a reducing composition of Li H particles suspended
in a mixture of benzene and pyridine for which mixture there is
no positive recitation of hydrogen generation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Composition which contains a hydride, i.e., a more positive
element which contains the H - anion, e.g.,Li H, CaH2,
Li AlH4, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.26. Composition which contains a compound with an aluminum-to-hydrogen
bond, e.g., a reducing composition comprising, a solution of Na
Al H2 (O CH2 CH2 - N(CH3)2)2)
in tetra-hydrofuran, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Composition which functions to remove oxygen by chemical
means, e.g., an oxygen scavenger composition which consists of metallic iron,
silicic acid, soduim bromide, and calcium sulfate filler, etc.
CO, S, NEGATIVE ELEMENT, OR ACID, BINDANT CONTAINING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which contain substances for, or peculiar to,
use in chemically absorbing or binding extraneous CO, S, negative
elements, acids, or acid-anhydrides (includes salts of weak acids).
Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, appropriate subclasses, particularly 220+,
272+, 339+, 435, etc., for cleaning compositions
containing an alkaline component.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which contain substances for, or peculiar to,
use in chemically absorbing or binding extraneous metals, ammonia,
alkalis, or other extraneous bases, or in making substances for
such use.
Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, appropriate subclasses for setting bath compositions disclosed
to be solely for the purpose of precipitation or formation of articles,
e.g., filaments from a spinning or article forming composition extruded
or spun thereinto, for example, see
subclasses 183+ .
Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 700+ for zeolites and appropriate subclasses for aluminosilicate
compounds having base-exchange capabilities.
HUMIDOSTATIC, WATER REMOVIVE, BINDIVE, OR EMISSIVE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
use in absorbing, binding, removing, retaining, or emitting water,
or maintaining water concentrations within certain ranges, excepting
mere adsorbents and mere analytical, testing, or indicating compositions.
for getters for electric lamps, electric space discharge
devices, and other evacuated or gas or vapor filled containers
which are designed to absorb, bind, remove, or retain water vapor from
the atmosphere in the container.
Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor:
Product or Process of Making, for a composition comprising a catalyst which may
be used in or as an incandescent mantle composition.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous
solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs,
coagulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing
such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is
no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically
claimed art.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions containing a mesormorphic state of matter which
is intermediate between a crystalline solid and a normal isotropic
liquid; they resemble liquids mechanically (as to viscosity) but
crystals optically (light scattering and reflection).
(1)
Note. The combination of a liquid crystal composition and
structure is classified with the class providing for the structure.
Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual
Display Systems,
subclasses 38 , 50+, and 87+ for selective electrical
control of liquid crystal display devices.
Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 1 for liquid crystal stock material, i.e., a composition having
structure provided for by the class.
Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition,
or Product Thereof, appropriate subclasses for radiation imagery chemistry
involving a process, product, or composition using a liquid crystal.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.01. Compositions containing a dye capable of variable absorption
of light, e.g., colorless to colored, colorless to fluorescent,
etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.01. Compositions containing additives not optically active which
promote the alignment of the composition relative to the cell walls
of the device containing the same.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.01. Compositions containing additives not optically active which
do not have liquid crystal properties, e.g., liquids which improve
the viscosity, response time, anisotropy, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.01. Compositions containing a liquid crystal compound of specified
chemical structure for which a definite structural formula can be
drawn and which does not contain the cyclopentanophenanthren neucleus,
i.e.,
(1)
Note. A polymer which is not of a single molecular species
and is identifiable as an average of various molecular species is
excluded herefrom. A polymer which is a single molecular species,
e.g., dimer, etc., is included hereunder. The recitation "polymer" will
be presumed to be material of no single molecular species in the
absence of specific contrary disclosure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.6. Compositions wherein the liquid crystal compound has a ring
of three or more members, at least one of which is carbon and one
or more members selected from nitrogen or chalcogen.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.6. Compositions wherein the liquid crystal compound has at
least two rings with two or more carbon atoms in common, i.e., polycyclic
rings.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.6. Compositions wherein the liquid crystal compound has a carbocyclic
ring which does not have any carbon to carbon unsaturation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.6. Compositions wherein the liquid crystal compound has an
acid containing a benzene ring which is attached through its acid
function to the radical derived by the removal of -OH from an alcohol
containing a benzene ring. The compound must also contain three
or more benzene rings.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.64. Compositions wherein the liquid crystal ester compound having
three or more benzene rings also has at least two benzene rings linked
together by a direct bond.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.6. Compositions wherein the liquid crystal compound has at
least two benzene rings linked together by a direct bond.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299.6. Compositions wherein the liquid crystal compound is a ring
substituted derivative of the structure illustrated below, wherein
X is -CH=N-, -N=N, or -NO-N-.
ORGANIC LUMINESCENT MATERIAL CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which contain an organic substance having the
property of emitting light or analogous rays as a result of irradiation
by wave energy radiated by some other source.
(1)
Note. In this subclass are placed patents directed to compositions
which contain ingredients which require excitation to become fluorescent
or phosphorescent.
Radiant Energy,
subclass 302 for radiation tracer methods including fluorescent
and phosphorescent tracer materials, subclasses 361+ for
invisible radiant energy responsive signalling devices which include
a fluorescent or phosphorescent detector responsive to the invisible
radiation, subclass 458.1 for methods and apparatus to irradiate
fluorescent and phosphorescent devices, and subclass 483.1 for fluorescent
and phosphorescent devices.
Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,
subclass 92 for cathode ray tubes having a fluorescent or phosphorescent
screen or target, and subclasses 483+ for electric lamps
and space discharge devices which include a fluorescent or phosphorescent
substance as a part thereof.
Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523,
subclass 161 for a composition containing a synthetic resin
or natural rubber having utility as an invisible, ballpoint, or
typewriter ink or to processes of preparing said composition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 301.16. Compositions in which the luminescent material either (1)
can be stimulated to emit coherent light or other electromagnetic radiation,
i.e., optical maser, or (2) luminesces under exposure to ionizing
radiation, i.e., radio-photoluminescent.
Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy
Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor, for processes and non-coating apparatus for growing
therein-defined single-crystal of all types of materials, including those
which may be suitable as or to produce a lasing or scintillating
composition. Class 118 generally provides for coating apparatus,
including single-crystal (e.g., epitaxy) coating means.
This subclass is indented under subclass 301.16. Compositions which are to be employed as flaw penetrants
for detecting surface discontinuties in test bodies.
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