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 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 362]   CLASS 362,ILLUMINATION
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class is the residual locus of means and processes for casting visible radiant energy in at least one direction to render objects in that direction visible.

BASIC SUBJECT MATTER OF THE CLASS

The basic subject matter of the class is comprised of:

A. The combination of a source of visible radiant energy and means to modify the distribution or composition of the radiant energy emanating from the source.

B. Methods utilizing the combination of A, above, to cast light in at least one direction to render objects in that direction visible.

SCOPE OF THE CLASS

In addition to the basic subject matter of the class, this class also provides for:

A. Subcombinations of the basic subject matter of the class not provided for elsewhere comprising:

1. means to modify the distribution of composition of light from sources other than the heavenly bodies;

2. means to support a source of visible radiant energy;

3. means to support the modifying means of item (1), above, and

4. combinations of (1), (2) and/or (3) above.

B. Combinations of the basic subject matter of the class and subject matter classified elsewhere insofar as the combination is not provided for elsewhere.

C. Accessories to the basic subject matter of the class limited in their intended use to the basic subject matter of the class.

(1) Note. Wherever drawings are associated with subclass definitions, they are used merely to illustrate the basic concept encompassed by the definition of that subclass and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter covered by that subclass.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

A. LIGHT SOURCES, PER SE

Light sources, per se, are not classifiable in this class (362). For such devices, see References to Other Classes, below.

B. LIGHT MODIFIERS

Generally, light modifying means, per se, used merely to modify light from light sources other than a heavenly body are classifiable in this class (362). For exceptions listed in this class, see Subclass References to the Current Class, below.

Light modifying means not limited in use to illumination are not classifiable in this class. Two such modifying means may be found in References to Other Classes, below: (1) Filter, i.e., means to modify the composition of light, not limited in use to illumination. And (2) Reflectors, refractors, etc., i.e., means to modify the distribution of light, not limited in use to illumination.

C. LIGHT SOURCE SUPPORTS OR HOUSINGS

This class (362) provides for combinations of a support for a light source and significant structure of a light source and for a light source support having structural features limited to use with a light source. Housings for light sources having more than nominally recited light source supporting means or having or comprising light modifier means of this class type are also provided for in this class. For Light source housings, per se, and certain types of light source supports, see References to Other Classes, below.

D. SIGNALLING AND COMMUNICATION

Illuminating means, per se, which are used to convey information (e.g., "signal lanterns") are generally classified in this class (362) unless explicitly provided for elsewhere.

Means to convey information classifiable in another class combined with illuminating means is generally classified in the other class. Classes providing for such combinations may be found in References to Other Classes, below.

E. COMBINATIONS OF DEVICES PROVIDED FOR IN OTHER CLASSES AND ILLUMINATING MEANS

Combinations of devices provided for in other classes and illuminating means are classified with the device unless specifically provided for in this class (362) whether or not the illuminating means illuminates the device itself. See the search notes of the combination subclasses of this class (362) for the lines between this class and other relevant classes.

Classes providing for combinations of devices of the respective class type and illuminating means may be found in References to Other Classes, below.

F. SPECIAL APPLICATIONS

In general, the proximate function of the basic subject matter of this class (362) is merely to direct visible radiation in at least one direction to render a reflective object in that direction visible to an observer in the path of the light reflected from the object.

Illuminating means used to perform functions provided for in other classes are classified in such classes. See References to Other Classes, for class references to subsection D, above, for classes providing for illuminating means used in signalling and communication. Additional classes also providing for illuminating means used in performing the function of the classes may be found in References to Other Classes, below.

SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

257,see the search notes for exceptions to light modifying means found in this class (362).

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids,   subclass 88 for drying apparatus and apparatus for contacting gases or vapors with solids which are provided with electric lamp illuminating means. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,   particularly subclasses 480 , 502 and 541+ for means for illuminating subject matter of this class. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Signalling and Communication.")
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,   particularly subclasses 480 , 502 and 541+ for illuminating means associated with the subject matter of the class (40). (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
73, Measuring and Testing,   subclass 293 for illuminated liquid level and depth gauges. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
84, Music,   subclass 464 for musical instruments combined with means to produce color or light effects. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
114, Ships,   subclass 66 for observation ships having means to illuminate the object or field to be observed. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
116, Signals and Indicators,   subclass 3 for combinations of horns and lamps, subclasses 18+ for illuminated mechanical code signal apparatus. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Signalling and Communication.")
116, Signals and Indicators,   subclass 7 for mechanical burglar alarms combined with illuminating (e.g., floodlighting) means; subclasses 18+ for illuminated mechanical code signal apparatus; subclasses 48, 49 and 54 for mechanical illuminated vehicle motion and direction indicators; and subclasses 241+ for illuminated radio tuning dials. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
126, Stoves and Furnaces,   subclass 209 for a combined body warmer and illuminating means; subclasses 235 and 241 for tool heaters with illuminating means; subclasses 255+ for lamp heaters; and subclass 267 for a combined lunch bucket heater and illuminating means. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
128, Surgery,   for illuminating means for treating the human body with light rays. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
165, Heat Exchange,   for patents claiming heat exchange apparatus combined with a device to be heated or cooled thereby if no structure of said device is included other than the structure necessary for cooperation with the heat exchange apparatus. The mere naming of the device as a lamp, light fixture, etc., will not be sufficient to exclude the patent from Class 165. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
219, Electric Heating,   subclass 553 for heating devices wherein the heating elements are ordinary incandescent lamps. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
220, Receptacles,   for housings, per se, for light sources including such housings having nominally recited light source supporting means. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Source Supports or Housings.")
232, Deposit and Collection Receptacles,   subclass 13 for illuminated fare boxes. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,   appropriate subclasses for a fluid fuel distributor which may be disclosed as an illuminating burner. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,   subclasses 18+ for ornamental illuminated fountains. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
246, Railway Switches and Signals,   subclass 473 for illuminated railway signals. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Signalling and Communication.")
246, Railway Switches and Signals,   subclass 483 for illuminated semaphore arms. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
248, Supports,   appropriate subclasses for supports which may support, but are not limited to the support of light sources. See also the notes to the definition of subclass 382 , below. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Source Supports or Housings.")
250, Radiant Energy,   subclasses 462.1+ for self-luminous articles. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
250, Radiant Energy,   subclasses 200+ for illuminating means combined with photocells. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-line Implements,   subclass 1.2 for a contact lens applicator combined with illuminating means and subclass 66.2 for illuminating means combined with underwater handling equipment. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,   generally, for electric light sources, per se, of the nonconsumable electrode type. See Lines With Other Classes, "Combined With a Support, Combined With a Temperature Modifying Means" (subsection 1), "Combined With a Separable Casing, Jacket, Shield, or Envelope Protective Means," and "Combined With Optical Device or Having a Special Ray Transparent Envelope," in the class definition of Class 313 for the lines between Class 313 and this class (362). (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes,   for consumable carbon arc-type light sources, per se. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,   for an electric light source and circuitry for energizing the light source where the source of power (battery or generator) is not recited as an integral part of the claimed combination. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
340, Communications: Electrical,   appropriate subclasses for claimed combinations whose proximate function is to convey information by means of electrically generated visible light. Such combinations must necessarily include a light source or light source and modifier and some (encoding) means which establishes a correspondence between the distribution, composition or location of the light and some other fact to be communicated. This requirement is based on the premise that, in signalling with visible light, the light itself is merely the carrier of or medium for the transfer of information and not the information itself. If the proximate function of the claimed combination is to convey information and illuminate or to convey information or illuminate, the combination is classifiable in this class (362). Subcombinations of subject matter of this class (362), for example, a light source and modifier which can be used for signalling (e.g., "signal lantern") or is used for signalling in nonclaimed disclosure, are classified in this class (362), unless explicitly provided for in Class 340. However, N.B., Class 340 has not been screened for such subcombinations which may have been originally classified there in the past. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Signalling and Communication.")
340, Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 907+ for illuminating means combined with means to convey information. See also subsection D, above. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
352, Optics: Motion Pictures,   subclasses 198+ for illuminating means used to project motion pictures. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
353, Optics: Image Projectors,   for illuminating means used to project images. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing,   subclass 46 for incandescent materials used in the testing of visible light or materials for optical properties; and subclasses 331+ for monochromators of the visible type. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
359, Optical: Systems and Elements,   subclass 885 for optical filters, subclasses 483-502 for polarizers. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Filter.").
359, Optical: Systems and Elements,   generally, for light modifiers which modify light from an illuminated object or field rather than directly from a light generating means. See subclass 515 for signal reflectors which may modify the distribution of (reflect) light directly from a light generating means; especially subclass 527 for a signal reflector for a signal source remote from the observer; subclass 528 for a signal reflector for a source behind the reflector; subclasses 642-830 for lenses. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Reflectors, Refractors, etc.").
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,   subclasses 67 and 227 for illuminated clocks.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval,   subclasses 100+ for apparatus and systems including illuminating means for electrically recording or reproducing photographic sound records. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
372, Coherent Light Generators,   appropriate subclasses for laser-type light sources, per se. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 100+ for detailed structures of thermometers.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 100+ for the detailed structure of thermometers. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
385, Optical Waveguides,   appropriate subclasses for light transmitting fibers, rods, or pipes. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Reflectors, refractors, etc.")
398, Optical Communications,   various subclasses for light wave communications. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Signaling and Communication.")
399, Electrophotography,   for illumination systems including light sources used in electrophotographic devices, specifically subclasses 9+ for diagnostics, subclasses 38+ for controls, subclasses 130+ for image formation, subclasses 168+ for charging, subclasses 177+ for exposure, subclasses 222+ for development, subclasses 297+ for transfer, subclasses 320+ for fixing, subclasses 343+ for cleaning, and subclasses 361+ for document handling. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, Per Se.")
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers),   subclass 5 for impellers combined with illuminating means. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,   subclass 38 for a mass transmissive of light through all layers and having an opaque border; subclass 415 for a stock material product in the form of a nonstructural laminate of glass or quartz next to epoxy; subclasses 426+ for a stock material product in the form of a nonstructural laminate embodying one or more layers of glass or quartz; and subclass 918 (a cross reference art collection) for a material abnormally transparent. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Filter.")
431, Combustion,   for flame-type light sources, per se, especially subclasses 100+ for a mantle type illuminating burner; subclasses 288+ for a candle; and subclasses 298+ for a wick-type liquid fuel burner. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Sources, per se.")
433, Dentistry,   subclasses 29+ for illuminated or illuminating dental apparatus. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
439, Electrical Connectors,   appropriate subclasses for an electrical connector, per se, such as a light bulb or tube socket which may also support or contribute to the support of the light bulb or tube. See also the notes to the definition of subclass 382 , below. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Source Supports or Housings.")
441, Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices,   subclasses 13+ for illumination buoys. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclass 47 , 91, 242, and 485+ for illuminated toys. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
454, Ventilation,   for illuminating means combined with means to ventilate an enclosed space other than, or in addition to, a light source or light source enclosure, particularly subclasses 293+ for a ceiling diffuser with a light fixture. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
463, Amusement Devices: Games,   subclasses 51+ for a simulated projectile game wherein a light ray is used to simulate a projectile. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
472, Amusement Devices,   subclasses 57+ and particularly subclass 61 for illusion apparatus with illuminating means appropriate therefor. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Special Applications.")
501, Compositions: Ceramic,   subclasses 11+ for glass compositions which may act as a light filter. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Light Modifiers, Filter.")
600, Surgery,   appropriate subclasses for illuminated diagnostic apparatus and for apparatus for treating the human body with light rays. In particular, search subclasses 101+ for endoscopes; subclass 11 for pharygoscopes; subclasses 185+ for nonpivoted gags; subclasses 184+ for tongue depressors; subclass 241 for pivoted specula; subclass 200 for reflectors with lamps; subclass 249 for miscellaneous illuminated diagnostic apparatus not otherwise classified; subclass 200.11 for medicating apparatus. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
601, Surgery: Kinesitherapy,   subclass 1 for kinesitherapy devices. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
602, Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage,   subclass 2 for orthopedic devices including light, heat, or electrical applicators. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")
604, Surgery,   subclasses 20+ for electrical energy applied to the body for therapeutic purposes. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means."")
606, Surgery,   subclass 1 for surgical instrumentation. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Combinations of Devices Provided for in Other Classes and Illuminating Means.")

SECTION V - GLOSSARY

The following definitions of terms occurring frequently in the titles and definitions of this class are intended only to be used as aids in determining placement of subject matter within this class and do not necessarily encompass all usages of the terms in the art. Because the following definitions are generalized, certain subclass definitions may include definitions of the listed terms which deviate somewhat from the definitions given below. In such cases, the subclass definition is controlling. The use of ambiguous or equivocal art terms in the titles and definitions of this class has been avoided wherever possible. For the interpretation of such terms for classification purposes, see the notes to the definitions of "Modifier".

FILTER

A type of transparent or translucent selected wavelength modifier which absorbs light of at least one wavelength (i.e., color) and transmits light of another wavelength.

ILLUMINATING MEANS

Basic subject matter of the class or subcombinations thereof.

LIGHT SOURCE

An element (e.g., filament) or material (e.g., neon) which converts energy into visible radiant energy and/or the essential container of such an element or material, i.e., a light source envelope including the envelope base (e.g., light bulb, fluorescent tube). Unless otherwise specified a light source is assumed to be a point source. For purposes of classification within this class, nominal recitations such as "light unit", "lamp", "headlight", etc., are assumed to denote only a light source.

MODIFIER

A recited element or combination of elements whose proximate function in the claimed combination is, according to the claim or the claimed disclosure, to alter the distribution or composition of light emitted from a light source by reflecting, refracting, or partially or completely absorbing the light.

(1) Note. Certain terms such as "lens," "shield," "screen," etc., are used in the art in some instances to denote modifiers and in other instances to denote structure whose proximate function is other than to modify light. For example, the term "lens" is used in some instances to denote means whose proximate function is to refract light and in other instances to denote merely a transparent window in a light housing whose proximate function is to protect the light source. Whether or not a means recited in a claim in such ambiguous terms is to be considered a modifier for placement within this class must be determined by the proximate function (according to the claim or the claimed disclosure) of the means in the claimed combination.
(2) Note. Certain terms such as "shade," "bowl," etc., are used in the art in some instances to denote recited modifiers which, according to the claim or claimed disclosure, function to modify light in two or more ways provided for separately in this class. A recited "bowl," for example, may, according to the claim or claimed disclosure, function in the claimed combination to diffuse light by internal scattering within the material of which the bowl is made (viz., translucent bowls) and reflect light from one of its surfaces. Such a modifier is classifiable in the first-occurring subclass providing for modifiers which perform at least one of its modifying functions.

REFLECTOR

A light modifying device having a surface which redirects incident light back into the medium from which it came. Reflectors are more commonly opaque but may be transparent. Light incident on the redirecting surface of a transparent reflector may arrive from the transparent material of the reflector itself in which case it is redirected back into the transparent material of the reflector, or it may arrive at the redirecting surface from some other material (e.g., air) in which case it is redirected back into the other material. Whether a recited transparent modifier is a reflector or some other type of modifier or both depends, for purposes of classification within this class, on its proximate function according to the claim or claimed disclosure.

REFRACTOR

A light modifier whose proximate function is to redirect light comprising a light previous material having a pair of opposed surfaces at least one of which is, at least in part, so angularly related to the other surface that the path of a light ray incident on one opposed surface of the material and the path of the same ray after it emerges from the material through the other opposed surface are not parallel. A nominally recited "lens" is considered a refractor for purposes of classification within this class only if the structural and functional characteristics of a refractor can be imputed to it from the claim or claimed disclosure. (See (1) Note to the definition of "Modifier", above).

SELECTED WAVELENGTH MODIFIER

A type of modifier which modifies light of at least one wavelength (color) differently from light of another wavelength. Such modifiers may reflect, refract or filter light.

TRANSLUCENT

Having the property of certain light previous materials which results in the random internal scattering of light rays passing through the material.

TRANSPARENT

Having the property of certain light previous materials which permits light rays to pass through the material in straight lines. Transparent illuminating means may or may not be light modifiers.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 1]    1DAYLIGHT LIGHTING
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter having means for modifying the spectral character of light from an artificial source for the purpose of producing light simulating daylight.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a combination of light sources of differing spectral outputs with means for mixing the outputs for a combined spectral output simulating daylight.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

231,for plural light sources with different radiation outputs but not limited to simulated daylight.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,   subclasses 110+ for optical device or special ray transmissive envelope, per se.
607, Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application,   subclass 95 for a cabinet to enclose a person and designed to expose the person to the sun"s rays; and subclasses 88+ for devices to apply light to the body for therapeutic purposes.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 2]    2Including selected wavelength modifier (e.g., filter)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Subject matter wherein the means for modifying the light has different effects on different light wavelengths such as absorbing some while transmitting others or reflecting others.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

293,for an illumination light source or support combined with a selected wavelength modifier but not limited to simulating daylight.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,   subclasses 885+ for light filters, per se.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 3]    3PHOTOGRAPHIC LIGHTING
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter comprising means to illuminate a subject and designed for use with a device (camera) for recording an image of the subject on photosensitive material and not classifiable elsewhere.
(1) Note. This and the indented subclasses include subcombinations adapted to perfect the illumination function such as a "flashgun" designed to give a short burst of high intensity light when used with an unclaimed shutter actuator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

257+,for light projectors of general illumination utility including "photo flood lights" which fail to require structural features that would limit them to a photographic environment.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators,   subclasses 250+ for a printed circuit board, per se.
219, Electric Heating,   subclasses 260+ for resistive element igniters.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,   appropriate subclasses for photoflash bulbs, per se, of the nonconsumable type.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,   appropriate subclasses for systems including circuit means for energizing light sources of the nonconsumable type.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   subclasses 243+ for electrical systems for igniting combustible flashbulbs of general utility and wherein the flashbulbs are not limited by specific structure. See the reference to Class 431 below.
396, Photography,   subclasses 155+ for combinations of photographic lights and significant camera structure which may include photoelectric means.
399, Electrophotography,   for illumination systems including light sources used in electrophotographic devices, specifically subclasses 177+ for exposure.
431, Combustion,   subclasses 357+ for photoflash bulbs, per se, of the combustible type and combinations which include means for igniting such specific bulbs. That section also provides for a nominal light source, such as a "flashbulb", or a nominal light modifier or "reflector" if combined with specific mechanical igniting means, such as percussive means and which may include light source support means. See the reference to Class 361 above which provides for more general utility electrical ignition means that are not limited by light source, modifier or support details.
439, Electrical Connectors,   subclass 151 for a coupling part connector combined with means to allow repositioning of a mating part for engagement of different contacts on the mating part, e.g., a flash cube, etc.; and subclasses 620.01-620.34 for an electrical connector combined with a named circuit component; and see the notes appended thereto.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 4]    4Light responsive
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter having an electrical device which responds to radiant light energy by (1) varying its electrical characteristics, (2) generating an electric current, or (3) means for determining the intensity or quantity of light emanating from a particular location or direction, wherein any of the aforementioned three are combined with photos:graphic illumination structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6,for devices which respond to infrared radiation or other forms of thermal energy.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250, Radiant Energy,   subclasses 200+ for photocells, circuits and apparatus, especially subclass 215 where combined with a diverse type device.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,   subclasses 149+ where the system is combined with radiant energy sensitive control means.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 213+ for photometers per se and see the search class notes for other fields of search.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   subclasses 173+ for relays and solenoids combined with light condition responsive means.
396, Photography,   subclasses 155+ for combinations of photographic lights and significant camera structure which may include light sensing or indicating.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 5]    5Measuring or indicating
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter including means for measuring or indicating some condition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

23+,for means to illuminate a scale or dial generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 6]    6Heat responsive or control
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter including thermal sensitive means or means to facilitate the transfer of heat energy.
(1) Note. It is recognized that all material objects are heat conductive and heat sensitive to some degree, but this subclass is limited to means for significantly utilizing the thermal reaction characteristics of the objects.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 7]    7Convertible
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter including means which selectively perform two dissimilar functions by appropriate rearrangement of parts or means including specific adaptor structure.
(1) Note. Included as dissimilar functions are such examples as: continuous lighting and flash lighting, single flash and plural simultaneous flashes for greater light intensity; combustive light source and incandescent or gas discharge light source; and means for converting from manual lamp substitution to automatic indexing lamp substitution.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

12,for the combination of a photoflash bulb and a flood lamp to be used simultaneously but without switching means for converting from one type to the other.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 8]    8Combined
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter to which has been added a subcombination or assembly which is recognized as the subject matter of some other class.
(1) Note. The subject matter of subclasses 10 to 18 below are considered so basic to the operation characterizing this photographic illumination section that they are dealt with as manifestations of the photographic light operation rather than a combination for this subclass.
(2) Note. In this subclass are included combinations of a photographic light unit and (1) mechanical structure for connection to a camera or (2) cable storage means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

12,for the combination of a photoflash bulb and a flood lamp without control structure such as a selector switch.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 9]    9With battery support means
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Subject matter wherein the added subcombination includes specific structure to hold an electrochemical cell.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

102,for an illuminator combined with a cane, baton, umbrella or club and which may include a battery.
103+,for an illuminator combined with wearing apparel and may include a battery.
109+,for an illuminator and implement which may include a battery.
183+,for an electric self powered lamp per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248, Supports,   subclass 503 for vehicle mounted hold-downs.
294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,   cross reference art collection 903 for hand-held battery carriers.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,   subclass 150 for power pack systems.
429, Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product, and Process,   subclass 100 for a battery support, per se.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 10]    10Safety or interlocks
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter including means for protecting the user from undesirable effects, or means to protect photographic lighting apparatus or means that include additional structure that must be manipulated before normal operation of photographic lighting apparatus can proceed.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 11]    11Plural light sources or light source supports
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter including two or more light sources, or holders for two or more light sources, or structure adapted to support or move said holders.
(1) Note. This subclass, or those indented thereunder, include structure that facilitate proper orientation for photographic lighting such as rotary indexing mechanisms that may support and impart the desired movement to a support for plural light sources (flashcubes).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

20,for automatic substitution of nonphotographic light sources.
184,for self powered electric lamps with plural lamp bulbs.
209,for plural nonelectric light sources.
210,for plural carbon arc-type light sources.
227+,for plural light sources.
254,for light source substitution.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 12]    12Diverse type or size
 This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Subject matter wherein the light sources are of different sizes or types.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

228+,for plural light sources of a diverse nature for general illumination.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 13]    13Lamp substitution or selection
 This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Subject matter including (1) means for replacing one light source with another, or (2) means for selectively energizing plural light sources one at a time.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 14]    14Indexing (i.e., dynamic)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Subject matter including means to move a light source or support from a nonilluminating position to an illuminating position, or which allows such movement to be made by the user from one predetermined position to another illuminating position.
(1) Note. Mere light source socket means that allow the user to insert a light bulb is not sufficient for this or the indented subclasses.
(2) Note. This and the indented subclasses include means for moving a light source support for plural light sources such as a flashcube, where not elsewhere classified.

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20,for automatic substitution of nonphotographic light sources.
254,for light source substitution.

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431, Combustion,   subclasses 357+ for (1) the combination of a specific Class 431 type combustible flashbulb and a nominal light modifier or reflector; or (2) the subcombination of a percussive actuator and indexing means for a combustible flashbulb; or (3) a nominal flashbulb with mechanical ignition means.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 15]    15With electrical ignition
 This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Subject matter combined with means to apply electrical energy to a combustible light source.

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431, Combustion,   subclasses 357+ for a specific Class 431 combustible flashbulb and electrically ignited primer without a specific light modifier or specific light reflector.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 16]    16Including specific light modifier
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter including specific means to affect light waves emitted from an illuminating light source.

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257+,for the combination of a light source or support and a light modifier for general illumination.
317,for a light modifier, per se, for illumination.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 17]    17Plural diverse
 This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Subject matter wherein the specific means includes two or more different light modifying structures.

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10,for the combination which may include a safety screen.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 18]    18Selective or adjustable
 This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Subject matter wherein the specific means permit adjustment of the orientation or position of light affecting surfaces.

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228+,for adjustable or positionable light modifiers, per se.
269+,and 277+, for similar subject matter for general illumination.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 19]    19WITH POLARIZER
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter comprising a light source which emits a ray of light having substantially equal components of wave energy in various directions transverse to the path of the ray and means to alter the light so that the ray has a greater wave energy component in one transverse direction than in another.
(1) Note. Where the illuminating devices includes only a reflector or other means which may incidentally polarize the light; the patent is not classified in this subclass. This subclass includes only illuminating devices where means are provided especially for the purpose of polarizing the light emitted by the light source. See the other appropriate subclasses for illuminating devices with reflectors, especially subclasses indented under subclass 296.

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293,for a light source or support therefor and a nonpolarizing filter.

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313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,   subclass 112 for an electric lamp having a light polarizer as an integral part thereof.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,   subclass 756 for antennas with a polarization filter or converter; and subclasses 909+ for radio wave polarizers, per se.
359, Optical: Systems and Elements,   subclasses 483+ for (1) light polarizing compositions, (2) light polarizing devices, and (3) polarizing systems not provided for in some other optical class.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 20]    20AUTOMATIC SUBSTITUTION OF POWER SUPPLY OR LIGHT SOURCE
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter having either (1) one energy source and first and second light sources and means to supply energy from the energy source to the second light source in response to failure of the first light source; or (2) first and second energy sources and one light source and means to cause the second energy source to supply energy to the light source in response to failure of the first energy source; or (3) first and second energy sources and first and second light sources and means to cause the second energy source to supply energy to the second light source in response to failure of either the first energy source or the first light source.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 21]    21WITH FILAMENT CONTROL MEANS RESPONSIVE TO FRACTURE OF LIGHT SOURCE ENVELOPE OR ENCLOSURE
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein the light source is an incandescent electric filament enclosed in an envelope and may additionally be contained in an enclosing means and wherein electric circuit means is provided to connect the filament to a source of electrical energy and wherein means are provided to disconnect the filament from its source of electrical energy or to reduce or otherwise inhibit the flow of energy through the filament in response to the breakage of the envelope or the enclosing means.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 22]    22Fluid or pressure responsive
 This subclass is indented under subclass 21.  Subject matter having an enclosure which is sealed and a fluid within the enclosure and wherein the means to disconnect the filament from its source of electrical energy etc. includes a switch and wherein the enclosure, the fluid and the switch are so interrelated that a break in the enclosure either (1) changes the amount of fluid in the enclosure to open the switch, or (2) changes the pressure of the fluid in the enclosure to open the switch and thus open the circuit to the filament.
  
[List of Patents for class 362 subclass 23]    23ILLUMINATED SCALE OR DIAL
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter combined with means, claimed or disclosed as bearing two or more markings corresponding to the same number of consecutive measurements of some variable other than merely the position, composition, or distribution of light from the illuminating structure of this class wherein