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CLASS 239,	FLUID SPRINKLING, SPRAYING, AND DIFFUSING
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

A. SPRAYING AND SPRINKLING

This is the general class for claims pertaining to the spraying, sprinkling, or scattering of fluids or fluent solids either in the form of slurries or as dry material, over an extended area on a surface. The class includes processes and apparatus, not provided for in some more specialized class, for ejecting fluents and slurries by slinging, sloshing, centrifugally throwing, overflowing, and projecting such materials in the form of fog, mist, droplets, spray, sprinkle or a modified stream in a general haphazard or broadcasting manner upon the immediate vicinity of operation or environment, upon a surface to be treated. The surface may be of any shape or form and the sprinkling, spraying, or scattering may be for any purpose, for example, a street to be flushed or oiled, a field or lawn to be irrigated by a lawn sprinkler, hose, nozzle, or overhead irrigating system or to be fertilized or to be seeded, a tree or other plant to be sprayed or dusted for some plant husbandry reason or for destroying insects, etc.; however, any claim reciting a specialized relation between the sprinkling, spraying, or scattering means and the surface, work or environment being treated is excluded from this class. Some form of modified flow, either by way of discharge characteristic, (e.g., droplet size, or degree of atomization, etc.) is required.

B. WEATHER CONTROL OR MODIFICATION

This class also takes methods for causing or inhibiting changes in atmospheric moisture conditions not elsewhere classified as by precipitating, dissipating, or inhibiting atmospheric moisture (rain, fog, frost, or snow) or inducing fog or like, and apparatus for precipitating atmospheric moisture if not classifiable in some other class on the basis of the claimed proximate functions.

C. DIFFUSERS

This class also takes methods and apparatus for disposing or disseminating a liquid or solid into the ambient air by unhurried evaporation or sublimation, the material being supplied to or supported by a holder, with or without controlled dripping of the substance through the ambient air or being fed usually to an absorbent material from whose surface evaporation takes place.

D. FOUNTAINS

This class also provides the locus for patents including steps or means for ejecting liquids into the air as a stream or spray to serve an ornamental or decorative function or for directing a bubble or stream generally upwardly for drinking purposes especially where the fluid conducting or ejecting member is associated with a stand, pedestal, or catch basin for overflow or waste.

E. DRINKING TUBES AND STRAWS

This class also provides the generic repository for portable drinking tubes and straws, per se, including those which are sipped through by placing one end of the tube in the mouth while the other end thereof is in the fluid within a holder, and also for those which are held in a flowing stream, e.g., juxtaposed a faucet, and redirect the fluid to the mouth.

F. DRY PULVERULENT MATERIAL

This class provides for the combination of a container or similar receptacle for holding a supply of dry material and a means to strew or scatter such material in the dry form over an extended area on a surface; a nozzle, per se, disclosed for scattering or strewing a dry powder is properly classified in this class only if the claimed structure is capable of use with a fluid.

Except as provided in the above paragraph, this is also the class for discharging or scattering a fluent material only if there is fluid sprinkling, spraying, or diffusing of the type specified in A. Spraying and Sprinkling, above, no matter in which order the fluent is discharged in relation to the fluid and with no regard as to whether or not one material reaches the surface to be contacted after the other has already been deposited thereon.

G. TERMINAL FLUID HANDLING ELEMENTS AND ORIFICE SHAPES

This class also provides the residual home for fluid discharging or ejecting members, per se, claimed as terminal members, i.e., members which render the final influence or point of control upon a fluid during its projection from the fluid system to discharge into the atmosphere, or through the air to the environment and not having such additional features which restrict the use thereof to some special art or other classification. Such nozzle, distributor, apertured pipe, orifice shape, rose, etc., must serve to modify flow of the fluid as it leaves the element. Terminal fluid handling elements, orifice shapes, ejecting or egress means for this class include:

(1) Outlet means which effect modification of the emitted stream to cause lateral compression or expansion thereof, such as would not occur in a mere abruptly terminated flow means (e.g., a pipe cut off at its end);

(2) means within, proximate to, or at the end of the flow line to cause the emitted stream to become more turbulent, or to be reduced in turbulence tending to assume a smooth or laminar flow, or to be redirected and dispersed;

(3) means to control droplet size, to restrict flow to increase pressure, or to alter discharge coverage, of the emitted stream.

Examples of means to accomplish the above are orifice shapes, spray heads, and the like; weir or drip type discharge, and other outlet means with such added features as whirlers, deflectors, rotation controllers, interiorly placed guides and distributors and systems including aspirating nozzles.

In order to be properly classified in this class, a claim must include a distributor or nozzle means more specifically than by name only (except as hereinafter provided with respect to Class 137). A claim which recites an ejecting, egress, or distributor means by name only is properly classified in this class only if the claim also includes:

(a) a coupling means for adjustably securing such terminal means to a support, or an articulated coupling means mounted on a support, if the disclosed purpose of the coupling is to reorient the terminal means relative to the support;

(b) special mounting or support means for purposes of continuous motion during discharge or emission of the stream, or means for directing such terminal means along a path of traverse, where the means for moving and the means for directing are disclosed for sprinkling or spraying;

(c) two or more such nominally recited terminal means and some suggestion of arrangement relative to each other or to a support, e.g., along a pipe, at the ends of a support, etc.

(d) a fluid handling system disclosed for sprinkling or spraying, if no better basis exists for classification in either Class 137 or Class 222. See References to Other Classes, below;

(e) a fluid handling system disclosed for spraying and including an aspirating nozzle where discharge is by aspiration, or feedback control, e.g., flow regulation as a result of discharge or for control of discharge, or some other provision as otherwise defined hereinabove; or

(f) a container for nonfluid material and it is clear that the broadly recited ejecting, egress or distributor means is an element which moves relatively to a fixed support, such as a rotating scatterer. See (3) Note in subclass 650.

Certain structures, for example, unitary plural outlet means, are considered to be terminal members, per se; therefore the following or the like are considered to involve more than mere named or nominal terminal means, and if such or similar language is recited in a claim, affords basis for classification in this class, unless reason exists for exclusion in view of the class lines set out below:

A pipe with a restricted outlet; a flexible, rigid or elongated nozzle; a spray gun; a rose; a shower head.

Similarly, a cutting or welding torch, a burner, a fuel injector recited as such is classified in this class if it is clear that the terminal member or tip is included in such recitation, and not just the support for such terminal member or tip.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

A. ART DEVICE COMBINATIONS AND SUPPORT

This class takes (1) means not provided for in any other class to support a distributor, terminal outlet member or a portion of the fluid supply system leading to the distributor or terminal outlet member on, in relation to, or from, a device which ordinarily performs a function other than that of mere support, provided the claimed relationship is no more than that required for support or normal operation of the fluid system or its terminal outlet member, (2) the subject matter of this class combined with an art device in which there in no special relationship claimed between the spray device and the art device.

Thus, a treating chamber nominally set forth as supporting a distributor or terminal outlet members therein is subject matter for this class as long as no special relationship to the walls thereof, for example, is required.

Accordingly, this Class 239 will take patents directed to the combination of a tank or treating chamber by name only and a distributor.

B. FLEXIBLE FLOW LINE STORAGE OR RETRIEVAL

This class provides for flexible flow line storage for nonuse housing or support including retrieval means except as provided hereinbelow:

Class 251, Valves and Valve Actuation, takes only the valve plus the actuator and support for the valve in a system disclosed for this purpose.

Class 285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, takes combinations of a pipe joint or coupling and a support therefor which support may be a reel or rack by name. Only so much flow line necessary for the coupling or joining modification may be included.

Class 242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, takes only combinations of reel means or the like (storage on sheaves) and supporting means or reels, per se, with or without the flexible conduit or with or without retrieval means. Inclusion of a fluid handling element not necessary to the reeling, unreeling or reel support, is sufficient to exclude such patent from the class.

Class 248, Supports, is in the same relative position in this regard with the fluid handling classes as is Class 242 explained above, taking only support or storage means for the flexible conduit or named nozzle. If a fluid handling element is included, such element must be necessary for the support function.

Class 137, Fluid Handling, takes combinations involving fluid handling means too much for the above named classes and wherein nozzles or outlet means for spraying are not included and not otherwise including features of dispensing recognized by Class 222.

Class 92, Expansible Chamber Devices, takes combinations involving an expansible chamber device and storage or retrieval means for a conduit supply working fluid to or from the expansible chamber and wherein nozzle or outlet means for spraying are not included and not otherwise including features of dispensing recognized by Class 222.

Class 222, Dispensing, takes the combination with storage or nonuse support means for the function of this section of a dispensing outlet or nozzle, the supply tank and a control means for the flow or delivery of fluid; or a tank, discharge assistant and dispensing outlet. Systems including broadly recited nozzles for spraying having dispensing features recognized by Class 222 will not mitigate against classification in this class.

Class 239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, takes combinations of the above named elements if there is included some detail of a spraying or sprinkling nozzle or outlet element. A nozzle in name only except as otherwise indicated (see Glossary) is classified as set forth above.

As a general rule, Class 239 provides a place for the entire combination of hose, hose storage and a specific spraying nozzle. For the subcombination of the hose, storage means and fluid handling, see Class 137; for the subcombination of a valve and support therefor, see Class 251; for the subcombination of a pipe joint or coupling and a support therefor, see Class 285; for a reel only and the hose (no additional flow conducting elements) see Class 242; for a hose support (no additional flow handling elements) see Class 248; for a tank, pump and broad outlet or nozzle, or for a supply tank, flow control and a broad outlet or nozzle, see Class 222.

C. FOG OR SMOKE, COLLOIDS, GENERATORS, AEROSOLS

Class 40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 213 for smoke producing apparatus and systems limited to skywriting.

Class 43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, for smoke or fog making apparatus where the sole disclosed use for the resulting fog or smoke is as an insecticide (except where a liquid is mechanically atomized), including such where vaporization of a liquid insecticide is involved.

Class 47, Plant Husbandry, subclass 2 for methods and devices for preventing the freezing of trees and plants and their fruit not elsewhere provided for (such as misting).

Class 102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 334 for apparatus for and methods of smoke generating (i.e., causing vapor, cloud, etc., to be formed by a burning), subclasses 335+ for pyrotechnics apparatus and corresponding methods designed to produce smoke, light, heat, and/or noise (e.g., fireworks display, amusement, flash photo, signal), subclasses 367+ for apparatus for or methods of using an explosion to cause a liquid, solid, or gas to be scattered or spread about in the form of a mist, vapor, particles, or gas (e.g., noxious or incapacitating, plant, insect, animal, foliage, biological warfare/chemical warfare).

Class 109, Safes, Bank Protection, or a Related Device, subclasses 29+ for devices of the Class combined with means for releasing, generating and/or distributing gas, smoke, vapors and/or liquids either manually, automatically upon attack, or automatically in case of fire, which fluent material is normally, but not necessarily, toxic, noncombustible, or incapacitating and may normally, but not necessarily, be used to repel attacks and/or put out, prevent, or impede the action of a fire, and this includes devices relating to jails, where the purposes of this subclass are also present.

Class 126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 59.5 for portable devices for generating heat or smoke for protecting orchards from frost (e.g., smudge pots).

Class 222, Dispensing, and 239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, depending upon nozzle detail, when a specific container or supply holding means is claimed to define a package. Class 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, takes aerosol compositions there specifically provided. Classification is with appropriate class for compositions should a container or supply holding means be broadly included to define a package. Classification is with Classes 222, Dispensing, and 239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, depending upon nozzle detail, when a specific container or supply holding means is claimed to define a package.

Class 239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, provides for mere mechanical atomization, not provided for in some more specialized class. This class also takes methods for causing or inhibiting changes in atmospheric moisture conditions not elsewhere classified as by precipitating, dissipating, or inhibiting atmospheric moisture (rain, fog, frost, or snow) or inducing fog or like, and apparatus for precipitating atmospheric moisture if not classifiable in some other class on the basis of the claimed proximate functions, see subclasses 14.1+ for apparatus for weather control, such as snow making.

Class 261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, subclasses 75+ for devices specially adapted to produce an intimate contact between gases and liquids (especially 78.1+ for atomizer).

Class 401, Coating Implements With Material Supply, subclass 190 for device including pressurized reservoir (e.g., aerosol device).

Class 424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclass 1.13 for radionuclide containing composition containing aerosol, subclasses 40+ for combustible or chemically reactive compositions to produce a smoke, mist, or aerosol, subclasses 43+ for effervescent or pressurized fluid containing composition, subclasses 76.2+ for non-body deodorizing substances which are evaporable, sublimable or gas (e.g., deodorization of air, aerosol spray compositions, gels), Digest 1 for aerosol hair preparations.

Class 426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products, subclass 116 for packaged or wrapped product having utility for dispensing or serving an aerosol, subclass 235 for application of a gas, mist, smoke, or vapor to a food material under the influence of electrical or wave energy.

Class 446, Amusement Devices: Toys, subclasses 24+ for smoke producing toys.

Class 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art. See the Search Class notes therein for various locations of compositions, processes, and apparatus relating to colloid systems.

D. LATHER MAKERS

This subject matter involves the addition of air or gas to solution to produce lather.

Class 422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, provides for holders for dissolving of solids (wherein the holder as disclosed is incapable of retaining a liquid) where the dissolving takes place in the holder and may thereafter be added to a stream, the handling of liquids being restricted to the purpose of dissolving.

Class 137, Fluid Handling, includes apparatus under the class definition for fluid handling plus means for holding a solid, flaky, or pulverized material to be dissolved or entrained and also provides means for adding a liquid to a liquid and with respect to each such handling relationship is entirely residual.

Class 222, Dispensing, provides for a holder or supply means for material to be dissolved, mixed, or entrained, in a liquid, or already in solution with additional means to mix ambient air with the solution including a spray, nozzle or outlet by name only, a dispensing outlet, and Class 222 type discharge means (and not the mere production of lather and the swelling or overflowing discharge resulting therefrom for which see Class 261), or trap chamber or metering chamber type control, outlet guide or movable material outlet guide, but not including a clear disclosure relating to the projection or forcibly expelling the lather or foam for distribution.

Class 261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, provides for specific gas and liquid contact apparatus, (and in this connection (dissolvers) makes no provision for contacting a liquid and solid means for purposes of obtaining a solution) to make lather with means to deliver the lather to a mere outlet pipe or line unmodified as to valving or other flow line characteristic recognized by Class 222 except to further effect the exchange of properties of the materials being contacted prior to discharge.

Class 239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, provides for combinations of the above considered subject matter having a modified discharging nozzle or otherwise limited projecting means coming within the class definition of spraying.

E. MORTAR MIXING AND PROJECTING - PARGETING

Class 366, Agitating, subclasses 1+ for processes and apparatus for batch mixing of mortar, asphaltic and hydraulic cement, concrete and the like, including projection thereof by spattering or pargeting devices or projection nozzles, with or without specific nozzle structure or mixing by or with fluids of the ingredients downstream of the hopper or vessel, if the disclosure is specific to or includes mixing mortar, plaster, or concrete ingredients (which as a general rule comprise sand, gravel, lime, plaster or the like lapideous material, etc.).

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

SECTION IV - GLOSSARY

DEFLECTOR

A solid means arranged exteriorly of the egress port or last point of confinement for dispersing or redirecting the effluent. Some deflectors may be abrupt continuations of the terminal flow conducting means unitarily formed therewith.

DISCHARGE MODIFIER

Any means which changes the characteristic of the fluid leaving the terminus as by whirling, deflecting, removing, or quieting turbulence, etc.

DISTRIBUTOR

A generic term to cover all means for effecting flow modification (e.g., dispersion, broadcast, projection, or scattering, etc.) of fluid, slurries or fluent material, coming within the class definition. Means altering or adjusting the quantity of fluid being delivered through the discharge port or the character of the flow as, for example, the dispersion pattern, the droplet size, the amount of turbulence or any other control for smoothing out or disturbing the discharge. This term is used as being generic to discharge modification and to flow regulation.

FLOW REGULATOR

Means for altering or adjusting the quantity of effluent.

FLUID

Includes any material which is handled like a fluid (i.e., may be caused to flow) and meets the definition of those materials accepted by this class in the class definition.

INJECTION NOZZLE

A terminal outlet member disclosed as connected to and as discharging into a relatively large pressure chamber (e.g., an internal combustion engine or combustion turbine combustion space).

SUPPLY HOLDER

A receptacle, container, or the like for retaining material to be sprayed with or without additional mixing with or entrainment in a fluid; a vessel or retainer other than a flowing stream or flow line.

THROUGH-FLOW OR SERIES CONNECTED TYPE

A species of terminal member but of special merit and therefore placed above in the order of superiority comprising a plurality of terminal outlet members connected end-to-end so that fluid may flow through them successively or a coupling member having a side outlet means supporting and communicating with an adjacent terminal outlet means in addition to a downstream fluid connection. At this level the terminal member itself will comprise lesser fluid elements. The series connected is regarded at a level above mere individual outlets, nozzles, or unitary plural outlet means.

WHIRLER

A means upstream of the egress means for inducing or causing turbulent flow of a swirling or turning nature.

SUBCLASSES

1	PROCESSES:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Processes concerned with steps or ways of distributing fluid material on or over an area or into the air. (1) Note. All methods involving burning or propagating or forming a flame are excluded from Class 239; accordingly any patent claiming a method of combustion is classified in Class 431, Combustion, subclasses 2+ and cross-referenced in Class 239 if it has significant distribution features for this class. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 43,  Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,   subclass 132.1 for specific processes of destroying insects with liquid insectible sprayers. 424,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   appropriate subclass for an insecticidal composition to be sprayed upon a field or plant and for a method involving the mere application or spraying of a biocidal, e.g., insecticidal, fungicidal, etc., composition.

2.1	Of weather control or modification:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Methods for causing or inhibiting changes in atmospheric moisture conditions not elsewhere classified and including methods of precipitating atmospheric moisture and/or inducing clouds, fog or the like to release or disperse their moisture either with or without precipitation of rain. (1) Note. Examples of method steps for rain production or fog dissipation which have been classified are (1) vibrating or precussing the air, (2) disturbing of the electric charges of particles of the atmosphere, (3) locally reducing atmospheric temperatures, or (4) contacting the moisture laden atmosphere with solid particles or liquid globules small enough to form nuclei about which droplets of moisture may form. Methods of dissipating fog involving no more than merely blowing heated or unheated air or gaseous products of combustion into the atmosphere have been excluded. (2) Note. For spraying or dispersion of particulate material into the air for purposes other than control of weather, see the class definition, Spraying and Sprinkling. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 14.1, for apparatus dealing particularly with control of the weather. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 47,  Plant Husbandry,   subclass 2 for methods of controlling frost to provide an atmosphere favorable to the growth of plant life. 149,  Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges,   subclass 117 for smoke generating or weather modifying compositions containing a resin. 244,  Aeronautics and Astronautics,   subclass 114 for methods of dissipating fog and the like adjacent an airport or aircraft and which claim a significant relation to the airport or aircraft. 516,  Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,   subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; and when not disclosed as adapted to (1) wet a surface or (2) to precipitate atmospheric moisture, for which see Class 239, the appropriate subclass for compositions for or methods of breaking or inhibiting continuous gas or vapor phase colloid systems.

2.2	Snowmaking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Methods for causing a particulate type of solidification of a liquid or gaseous material by spraying that material into an atmosphere in which the ambient temperature is below the materials freezing point. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 14.2, for snowmaking apparatus. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516,  Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,   subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; and when not disclosed as adapted to (1) wet a surface or (2) to precipitate atmospheric moisture, for which see Class 239, the appropriate subclass for compositions for or methods of breaking or inhibiting continuous gas or vapor phase colloid systems.

3	Including electrostatic charging:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Methods to project, sprinkle or scatter material from a supply system into the ambient air or atmosphere which include a step of electrostatically charging the material in order to obtain a desired spray characteristic, e.g., dispersion, drop size, velocity or direction. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 427,  Coating Processes,   subclass 458 for coating processes in general wherein an electrostatic charge is used to perfect the coating operation.

4	Vibratory or magneto-strictive projecting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes in which the material is forcibly scattered by an element which is caused to continuously vibrate with motion of small amplitude and relatively high frequency or to continuously expand and contract by electrical or electro-mechanical means. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 102.1+, for means which vibrates or jiggles the fluid in addition to the apparatus necessary for supplying and handling fluid for spraying. 659, for a container for nonfluid material and a means for scattering the material, comprising an oscillating, reciprocating or shaking element.

5	Of fuel injection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes including steps of delivering fuel to the combustion chamber of an engine by injection. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 86, through 96, and other appropriate subclasses for corresponding apparatus depending upon claimed features or mode of operation.

6	Involving slow diffusion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes involving the step or steps of slowly disseminating a substance into the atmosphere, usually from a porous or absorbent mass by volatilization influenced only by the ambient air. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 34+, for slow diffusers.

7	Including centrifugal force or spattering:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which include the use of rotating or spinning members to either (1) distribute the material into the atmosphere or (2) modify the flow of the already discharged material. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 214+, for apparatus in which the spray is effected by means of a rotating member. 380+, for apparatus in which the fluid discharged from a nozzle is modified by a rotating means.

8	Including mixing or combining with air, gas or steam:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which include the step or steps of mixing a gas with the material to be distributed. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 302+, 398+, appropriate subclasses for apparatus adding air to a material to be sprayed. 311, for means adding gas upstream of a nozzle outlet involving a flowing liquid stream and see the search class notes there referred to for other lather makers. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 431,  Combustion,   subclasses 8+ for a process of combustion involving flame shaping and subclass 12 for a process involving controlling or proportioning burner feed.

9	And additional dissolving or entraining of material in liquid stream:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes including the additional step of mixing, dissolving or entraining the material in a liquid, before, during or after combination with the gas. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 311, for gas addition upstream of nozzle outlet in apparatus including a supply holder for material to be mixed, dissolved or entrained.

10	Including dissolving or entraining in liquid stream:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes involving the step or steps of dissolving or mixing a material in a flowing liquid stream. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 310+, for apparatus including a supply holder for material to be mixed, dissolved or entrained in a flowing liquid stream.

11	Of discharge modification of flow varying:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes involving the steps of changing the character of the flowing or discharged material or of regulating the flow. (1) Note. The mere shifting of the distributor to change the flow from one area physically to another or the mere turning on or off are not considered modification or varying for purposes of this subclass and such patents will be found in subclass 1. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 290, all appropriate subclasses thereafter for discharge modification and flow varying.

12	Involving drinking or ornamental fountains:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Processes in which the material is discharged from a fountain of the drinking or ornamental type. (1) Note. Altering the color of the distributed material in ornamental fountains by lighting or chemical changes, but in which the discharge characteristic of the material is not otherwise changed is not considered discharge modification of flow varying for purposes of this subclass. Such patents will be found in subclass 1. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 16+, for corresponding apparatus.

13	Including heating or cooling:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which include a step of exchanging heat between the material to be sprayed and heating or cooling means. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 128+, for corresponding apparatus.

14.1	WEATHER CONTROL:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus claimed as particularly adapted for precipitating atmospheric moisture from clouds or fog. This is the generic locus for atmospheric moisture precipitating apparatus but patents claiming this subject matter are generally classified in some other class on the basis of their claimed proximate functions. (1) Note. Apparatus classifiable in some other class on a more proximate basis does not become subject matter for this subclass merely because it is stated that weather control is involved, e.g., a fan or fire pot to disperse fog or prevent frost, but only if there is no other basis for classification or if some detail is included and accordingly recognizable only for weather control. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 2.1+, for processes of weather control or modification. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 47,  Plant Husbandry,   subclass 2 for structures for controlling frost for preventing damage to plants, trees, and the like. 244,  Aeronautics and Astronautics,   subclass 114 for fog control structures claimed relation thereto, and subclass 136 for weather-control material discharging means particularly related to an aeroplane structure. 516,  Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,   subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; and when not disclosed as adapted to (1) wet a surface or (2) to precipitate atmospheric moisture, for which see Class 239, the appropriate subclass for compositions for or methods of breaking or inhibiting continuous gas or vapor phase colloid systems.

14.2	Snowmaking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.1.  Apparatus which sprays a liquid or gaseous material into an atmosphere in which the ambient temperature is below the materials" freezing point thereby precipitating the material as a particulate solid. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 2.2, for methods of snowmaking. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 516,  Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,   subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; and when not disclosed as adapted to (1) wet a surface or (2) to precipitate atmospheric moisture, for which see Class 239, the appropriate subclass for compositions for or methods of breaking or inhibiting continuous gas or vapor phase colloid systems.

16	FOUNTAINS OR DRINKING TUBES AND STRAWS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus for delivering a bubble, stream, or spray of liquid for drinking or ornamental purposes and usually comprising a stand or pedestal, a nozzle or other discharging member, and a catch-basin, or a fluid conducting means, per se, of a portable nature one end of the conductor being placed in or near the mouth and the other end thereof being placed in the liquid for drinking.

17	Ornamental:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Apparatus having an external embellishment or decorative appearance designed as household or lawn ornaments or to impart a pleasing or esthetic effect to a structure or grounds. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 211, for simulations.

18	With illuminating means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 17.  Apparatus having means to light or illuminate the fountain. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 84,  Music,   subclass 464 for devices for producing color effects combined with an instrument for producing music. 362,  Illumination,   appropriate subclasses for devices combining features of illumination and other structure.

19	With ground distributing means (e.g., lawn sprinklers):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Apparatus having additional means or support structure to spray the discharging water over the area proximate the device as, for example, over the ground. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 225.1+, for lawn sprinklers in general.

20	With recirculating means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Apparatus provided with means returning the fluid to the supply source or supply flow line for discharge. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 229+, for sprayers having system fluid relief or return to supply.

21	With reversible feed and waste chambers:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 17.  Apparatus having a liquid supply chamber and a catch basin which are shiftable such that the chamber which receives the waste from the fountain in one period of its operation becomes the supply chamber for the succeeding period.

22	Fluid pressure discharging means (e.g., aspirating):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 17.  Apparatus having a nongravity means to establish a pressure differential relative the discharge outlet and supply to cause the discharge or delivery of liquid.

23	Liquid pump, pulsator or follower:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 22.  Apparatus in which the discharge is effected by a liquid pump, a pulsator or follower.

24	Drinking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Apparatus which by function and design relates to drinking fountains most generally having the terminal element upwardly or at least sidewardly disposed as contrasted with the usual faucet arrangement) and disclosing features relating to guards and anti-contaminating devices for the discharge means, catch basins, means converting from ordinary faucets to drinking arrangements, high volume-low velocity flow and anti-squirting devices. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 62,  Refrigeration,   appropriate subclasses, for drinking fountains having significant refrigeration means, and subclasses 391+ for significantly included ice compartments.

25	With or for attachment to faucet:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Apparatus comprising a fluid diverter or conduit having means securing or connecting such device to faucet to convert said faucet to use as a drinking nozzle or fountain and where in the connection or joining means is such as to support some part of the weight of the device during use. (1) Note. Manually operated well pumps having a drinking nozzle attachment have been considered as faucets for purposes of classification herein. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 24, for diverters held against or beneath a faucet and entirely hand supported during use. 33, for portable tubes placed in the mouth for sipping or drinking.

26	Swivelly mounted single outlet means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Apparatus in which the diverter means has a single outlet and is so secured to the flow line as to be movable upwardly or downwardly about an axis which extends in the general direction of flow up-stream of the diverter.

27	Swingable into or out of deflecting position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Apparatus in which the diverter means is mounted for swinging or pivotal movement into or out of deflecting position with respect to the faucet outlet means. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 505+, for deflectors movably or removably mounted relative an outlet means particularly subclass 511 for deflectors rotated into position for spraying.

28	With catch basing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Apparatus in which the drinking fountain includes a waste water catcher or some means which provides run-off to waste for the discharge.

29	With flow line valve:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28.  Apparatus wherein the flow line supply means includes a valving means to control or regulate the discharge of fluid to be delivered for drinking.

29.3	Portable, or with self-contained liquid holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Apparatus comprising a drinking fountain which is movable from one location to another, or which has as part thereof a receptacle to be filled with liquid, as the source for the fountain.

29.5	Leg or foot actuated valve operator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Apparatus in which the valve operating mechanism has a portion thereof positioned or shaped to be moved by a drinker"s lower extremity. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 119,  Animal Husbandry,   subclass 76 for a fountain combined with a trough, flow to the fountain being controlled by a platform on which an animal stands.

30	Extensible or flexible bubbler nozzle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28.  Apparatus wherein the bubbler or nozzle is capable of being lifted or raised relative to its support or supply line or wherein the said bubbler is flexibly supported or joined to the supply. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 587+, for nozzle members adjustably or shiftably connected to a flow conduit.

31	Converging jets or bubblers (e.g., bubble cups):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Apparatus having (1) plural outlet means so arranged that the effluent from the several outlet means intersect each other and form a single stream for drinking or (2) means to form a standing stream of large volume and low velocity flow and of substantial width across the flow axis. (1) Note. Converging or overlapping streams which are arranged as a fence or barrier to act as an anti-contamination device are not included, per se, but are classified with the type of drinking arrangement as characterized by the titles of subclasses 24+. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 543+, for devices having two or more outlet means arranged so that fluid streams impinge upon each other.

32	With self-closing discharge valve:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Apparatus provided with flow regulator means in the supply line and which is biased to closing position to cease discharge.

33	Portable drinking tubes and straws:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Apparatus comprising tubular devices having openings at each end and being adapted for conducting fluids for drinking, one end being placed in the mouth and the other end being placed in the liquid during use. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 24, for drinking tubes of the portable type not disclosed as placed in the mouth during drinking. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 30,  Cutlery,   subclass 141 for spoons having a fluid conducting means therewith, usually arranged through the handle. 138,  Pipes and Tubular Conduits,   subclasses 109 , 111-174, 177, and 178 for tubular pipe wall structures of general utility. 215,  Bottles and Jars,   subclass 229 for closure means and straws combined, and subclass 388+ for combinations of tumblers and other drinking vessels with drinking tubes. 426,  Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,   subclass 85 , for "flavor straws" and the like and for straws including a confection of food flavoring. 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 71+ for a straw or portable drinking tube combined with a fanciful figure or toy for amusement of the use while sipping.

34	SLOW DIFFUSERS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having means to disperse or spread material out into the ambient air by vaporization from an open container or holder, capillary porous or wick type feed means, by mere drip through the air or by sublimation, all such media being merely exposed to the ambient air and without the use of draft producing means. (1) Note. This is the generic subclass for holders for slow diffusers and for volatilization of liquid saturated sorbents by mere ambient air desorption. See class definition, "Lines With Other Classes, Slow Diffusers," for lines between Classes 96, 239 and 261 in regard to this type of subject matter. For solid sorbent apparatus for gas separation, see Class 96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, subclasses 108+. (2) Note. In general, the combination of a slow diffuser and an art device is classified with the art device. See the example Class 312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclasses 31+ for containers combined with slow diffusers. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 4,  Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons,   subclasses 226.1 and 228.1-231. 43,  Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,   subclasses 129+ for vaporizing fumigators for insecticides. 96,  Gas Separation: Apparatus,   for apparatus for gas separation and see (1) Note above. 99,  Foods and Beverages: Apparatus,   subclass 323 for infusion receptacles. 118,  Coating Apparatus,   subclasses 264+ for absorbent or porous applicators. 119,  Animal Husbandry,   subclass 157 for animal daubers which may diffuse after application. 206,  Special Receptacle or Package,   subclass 0.5 for infusers. 223,  Apparel Apparatus,   subclass 86 for hangers having means to retain perfumery or insect repelling material. 237,  Heating Systems,   subclass 78 for diffusers designed for use with a radiator. 242,  Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclass 905 for a dispenser of coiled material with a deodorant containing mandrel. 252,  Compositions,   subclass 194 . 261,  Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus,   appropriate subclasses. 312,  Supports: Cabinet Structure,   subclasses 31+ for containers combined with slow diffusers, wherein the container is designed to hold material to be treated by the diffused substance. 422,  Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,   subclasses 1+ for processes disinfecting, deodorizing preserving or sterilizing and subclasses 120+ for treating air with a deodorizing, disinfecting, or sterilizing agent. 426,  Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,   subclasses 77+ an infusion receptacle. 428,  Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,   subclass 905 (a cross-reference art collection) for a product which releases an odor into the environment. 431,  Combustion,   subclasses 298+ for a wick type burner. 454,  Ventilation,   for diffusers designed for use with a hot-air register, especially subclasses 110 , 157, 223, 291, 328, and 337.

35	With empty or refill signal or indicator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus having a device to make known by visual, audible or other means that the material holder is empty or needs replenishing. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 71+, for other signals, indicators, and changeable exhibitors. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 116,  Signals and Indicators,   subclasses 109+ and 227+ for the signal or indicator, per se.

36	Garment or body attached:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus in which the fluid dispersing or disseminating device is part of or is fastened to the person"s clothing or is connected to, or worn on the body. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 2,  Apparel,   appropriate subclasses for specific garment features combined with diffusers. 63,  Jewelry,   appropriate subclasses for jewelry combined with diffusers.

37	Gravity flow of liquid from supply holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus in which the material is liquid and the flow from its receptacle is not assisted by added fluid or other pressure, but is caused solely by the forces of gravity.

38	Free drip to open holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 37.  Apparatus in which the liquid flows drop-by-drop through the atmosphere to a receptacle which is exposed to the atmosphere. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 193, for weir type discharge means.

39	Barometric flow to secondary holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 37.  Apparatus in which the liquid flows from its supply receptacle to an auxiliary reservoir and the flow is controlled by balancing flow (e.g., establishing equilibrium) with atmospheric pressure. (1) Note. This type of flow is usually the inverted bottle type where the bottle is inverted into an open container and discharges therein until the level in the bottle drops and causes a vacuum to be formed therein, thus preventing any more discharge until the level in the container drops below the bottle neck to permit air to enter the bottle and displace additional liquid therefrom. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 453+ for barometric means for maintaining a level of liquid in a fluid handling system. 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 457 for angle of repose trap chambers.

40	Drip discharge from secondary holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Apparatus in which the liquid discharges from the auxiliary reservoir in drop-by-drop manner.

41	To porous distributor to atmosphere:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40.  Apparatus provided with a foraminous or liquid permeable element exposed to the ambient atmosphere and in the path of the drop-by-drop discharge from the auxiliary reservoir.

42	Porous distributor to atmosphere:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Apparatus having a foraminous or liquid permeable element exposed to the ambient atmosphere and in the auxiliary reservoir.

43	To porous distributor exposed to atmosphere:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 37.  Apparatus in which the liquid is discharged from the liquid receptacle to a foraminous or liquid permeable element exposed to the ambient atmosphere.

44	With wick or absorbent means removing liquid from holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus where the material is a liquid confined in a receptacle and is provided with a porous, foraminous or absorbent element which is in contact with and discharges the liquid from the receptacle by means of capillary action in the pores or foraminae of the element. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 145, for porous or wick type discharge means to the atmosphere in the form of a liquid rather than a vapor. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 261,  Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus,   subclasses 99 , 104, and 107 for similar capillary feed porous mass elements combined with a means for positively forcing a gas stream across or through the moistened element.

45	Serially arranged wicks or absorbent means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Apparatus provided with a plurality of separate and distinct porous members arranged downstream to each other, the liquid flow taking place in series through all of the members. (1) Note. The individual porous members may be in contact with one another in which case it must be clearly disclosed that the members are separate and distinct or each porous member may be in a vessel or container to which liquid is discharged by a porous means and from which liquid is removed by an additional porous or absorbent pad.

46	With means for drip escape from casing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Apparatus provided with a means at the final porous member or vessel for permitting excess liquid to be removed therefrom in a drop-by-drop fashion.

47	Nonuse housing or casing arrangement (e.g., stored in supply):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Apparatus provided with a means to retain the porous or absorbent member in a position other than that in which it is normally used. (1) Note. The usual arrangement is of the wick-type air freshener where the porous member is moved to a position within the liquid receptacle (i.e., stored in the supply).

48	Reel-type storage:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 47.  Apparatus in which there is provided a spool on which is rolled a continuous spiral of the porous or foraminous material in contact with the liquid, and which may be unwound to extend material to expose more of its surface to the ambient atmosphere and which may again be wound to provide for nonuse storage of the absorbent or porous material. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 195+, for hose storage or retrieval means including reels and supports therefore. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 242,  Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclasses 370+ for a reeling device for unwinding and rewinding an elongated material of general use.

49	With flow varying means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Apparatus provided with means to control or adjust the liquid flow to or through the porous or absorbent means.

50	Relatively movable wick and supply for discharge or adjustment:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Apparatus in which the means for adjusting or controlling the liquid flow comprises means for varying the distance between the face level of the liquid supply and the end of the porous member (1) exposed to the ambient atmosphere or (2) discharging to an auxiliary reservoir.

51	With means for drip escape from holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Apparatus in which the liquid which has been removed from the holder by the porous or absorbent element is discharged in a drop-by-drop manner from the porous element or from a conduit into which the porous element has discharged.

51.5	In housing having multiported wall spaced from absorbent means
	This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Apparatus comprising an encasing means for the porous or absorbant element including a wall spaced from said element, the wall having a plurality of apertures or perforations. (1) Note. The wall or encasing means can be merely a screen; however, a screen wire support is not included under this definition if it is contiguous with the porous or absorbent element. It is necessary for diffusion to occur into the space between the porous element and the apertured wall for a device to qualify under this definition.

52	Reel or spool type support means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus having a spool type member for supporting a diffusible substance. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 195+, for flexible flow line storage or retrieval means. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 242,  Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclass 905 for a dispenser of coiled material with a deodorant containing mandrel and subclasses 590+ for a detail of a mounted coil holder of general use.

53	Liquid supply in absorbent or porous media only:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus in which the material to be dispersed is a liquid and is contained or retained only in an element which comprises pores or foraminae throughout so as to be absorbent and permeable to hold the liquid therein. (1) Note. In this group of subclasses, the liquid retaining means is reusable and may be saturated with liquid a plurality of times. This is contrasted with those self-sustaining materials which are themselves volatile and are expended. The latter type will be found in subclass 60. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 424,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   especially subclasses 1.25 and 422+ for an impregnated base from which a material, with a Class 424 utility, may slowly diffuse.

54	Rigid solid form media:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.  Apparatus in which the liquid material retaining element is of the nonfluid, dense, self-supporting type, (e.g., wood, plaster of Paris, etc.).

55	With enclosing casing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53.  Apparatus in which the liquid material retaining element is surrounded or substantially surrounded by a housing, there being spaces permitting the vaporized liquid to be disseminated into the ambient atmosphere.

56	Pad type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Apparatus in which the element is in the form of a relatively thin, flat blanket or mat.

57	With support for porous or apertured encasing means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus in which an apertured or foraminous housing surrounding the material is provided with an added element or additional feature by which the housing is maintained in place while in normal use to disperse the material.

58	With means to adjust casing porosity or openings:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus in which the member surrounding the material retaining element is foraminous or apertured and there is provided additional means whereby the apertures or foraminae are varied in size and/or number. (1) Note. So-called packages of vaporizable substances provided with means to cover and uncover the openings of the package to commence diffusion are placed here and in the indented subclass as originals or cross references. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 206,  Special Receptacle or Package,   appropriate subclasses for special packages and receptacles for other than diffusible substances.

59	By alignment of apertured members:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 58.  Apparatus in which varying of openings is accomplished by bringing a plurality of perforations into and out of registry with one another to open and close communication between the material space and the ambient atmosphere.

60	Solid form vaporizable material:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34.  Apparatus in which the material to be disseminated is in the form of a nonfluid, rigid mass, which sublimes into the ambient atmosphere and is consumed.

61	WITH SELECTIVE PROPORTIONING OR CORRELATED FLOW FOR PLURAL FLUIDS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having a movable means responsive to some variable condition in a first fluid (in addition to mere commencement or stoppage of flow) which causes a change in a second fluid flow or in a control means to maintain the relative amounts thereof according to a selectable ratio.

62	Having traversing motion responsive means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Apparatus having additional control means responsive to movement, e.g., rate of motion, across the area being treated and interposed in the proportioning or correlating mechanism. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 64, 69, for programming or overriding control means which may be related to traverse across an area being treated. 100, for ground wheel controlled intermitter.

63	WITH CUTOFF OR FLOW VARYING MEANS OPERATED BY MEANS RESPONSIVE TO DISCHARGED FLUID (E.G., GROUND MOISTURE SENSING):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus for commencing, terminating or changing the flow therefrom by means responsive, sensitive, or reactive to fluid which has left the system (or lack thereof) either in or on the surface of the ground or in the area being treated. (1) Note. The responsive means react to the fluid leaving the system through the normal distributor openings. If part of the fluid is bled off from the normal path to the openings and is permitted to discharge into a pan or receptacle or against moisture sensitive means such patents will not be found in subclasses 63+ but will be found in subclasses 67 and 68. (2) Note. For this and the indented subclasses, a system must at least be disclosed as a sprinkler apparatus with control means being responsive to a condition brought about by use of the said sprinkler. If there is no clear disclosure that the moisture sensing means is positioned within and senses the moisture in the area served by the sprinkler system, it is assumed that the means senses and responds only to atmospheric rainfall. An apparatus with a means sensing atmospheric rainfall for control of a sprinkler or a spray outlet is classifiable in other appropriate subclasses in Class 239 if the sprinkler or spray outlet is positively claimed and in Class 137 if a mere fluid system is claimed. (3) Note. Included are devices which respond to ground content moisture conditions to commence spraying because of lack of water in the ground or which terminate spraying because of a rain supplemented ground moisture condition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 67, for a spray system having a control means (e.g., volume, rate of flow or atmospheric rainfall responsive) for causing intermittent interruption of the supply. 238, for spray fluid motor drive means for moving distributors responding to weight of accumulated fluid for motion either of sprayed or diverted fluid. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 78.2+ for systems in which the control means responds to atmospheric conditions to control fluid flow and subclasses 403+ for liquid level responsive systems involving the weight of accumulated fluid.

64	With overriding second control means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63.  Apparatus in which there is provided an additional means which controls the flow regulating means regardless of the demand of the mechanism responding to the discharged fluid, or lack thereof. (1) Note. The additional control means may be either manually or automatically operated. In those systems including a timer or clock mechanism, such mechanism is the overriding second control means since it will not permit the flow of fluid to the sprayers until the selected time is reached, or regardless of the demand placed upon the system, or it will positively shut off the fluid when the set time period has elapsed, also regardless of the fact that additional demand is required externally of the system.

65	By level or weight in testing receiver:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63.  Apparatus in which the flow controlling means is actuated by the weight or level of fluid caught or trapped in a test receptacle positioned so as to intercept a portion of that which has left the spray openings.

66	SERIALLY OPERATED DISTRIBUTION MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having plural distributing means made up of single or multiple terminal elements which distributors (as distinguished from single outlet means of multiple outlet terminal members) are controlled to discharge at different times or at intervals either singly or in multiples with not all distributors being put into operation at once. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 97, for pattern control by synchronizing flow regulating means with a cyclically moving distributor. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 624.11+ for a fluid distribution system including a programmer or a timer.

67	WITH SELECTIVELY PRESET FLOW CUTOFF OR INITIATING MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having control means to start or to terminate discharge of material from such apparatus or part thereof with which such apparatus or part is interconnected and which is responsive to volume, rate of flow, time or other condition which may be selectively preset or determined prior to the initiation of the flow or at some time during the flow. (1) Note. For classification herein there must be claimed as control means something more than the mere limits defined by traversing guide, track or tethering means or the paying out or ultimate drag of a hose connected to supply means, i.e., there must be something in addition to the necessary spraying organization which is selectively-variably imposed on the system to control the flow. (2) Note. The apparatus must go through a complete cycle of operation (i.e., start, stop, start) in accordance with the setting of the control means. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 63, for a spray or sprinkler system having a control means responsive to discharged fluid and see (2) Note therein. 722+, for translating distributors which are caused to cut off flow at the end of the traversing motion due to some impact or drag means included in the means defining the mere limits of traverse by the guideway, track, or tethering means, and see (1) Note above. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclass 67 for flow control means operative to halt flow of fluid when a solid additive has been dissolved or destroyed. 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 54 for automatic control of dispensers by fusible or soluble means. 251,  Valves and Valve Actuation,   subclasses 48+ for a valve combined with a dashpot or fluid controlled retarder or timer.

68	By rate of flow or volume means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 67.  Apparatus having a meter or other flow measuring mechanism in the flow path and which can be preset to control the flow in the system with which it is interconnected when either (1) the rate of flow reaches the preset point (minimum or maximum) or (2) a preset volume of fluid has been reached. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 222,  Dispensing,   subclasses 14+ for cut- offs for dispensers selectively preset and responsive to volume or rate of flow mechanism.

69	By programming means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 67.  Apparatus in which the control means is actuated by nonfluid operative or responsive mechanism. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 624.11+ for a valve controlled by a programmer. 901,  Robots,   subcollection 43 for a collection of spray painting or coating robots.

70	Timer means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 67.  Apparatus in which the control means is actuated by a clock mechanism or the like, operated independently of all other parts of the system. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 624.11+ for a valve controlled by a clock mechanism. 431,  Combustion,   subclass 86 for a device specialized to combustion, controlled by a manually started timer or retarder or by a time of day device.

71	WITH SIGNALS, INDICATORS, RECORDERS, METERS OR CHANGEABLE EXHIBITORS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus comprising information yielding or relatively movable or changeable parts which give information, measure or totalize quantity, permit inspection to determine a condition in the system or indicate a condition or the extent of motion or position of the system in a system part. (1) Note. A system part may cooperate with some graduated part to form the indicator or may be a flow indicating means or fluid quantity inspection device as a flow sight. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 67+, for the subject matter of this subclass combined with selectively preset flow cut-off means. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 603+ for electrical automatic fluent material responsive indicating systems.

72	Audible:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Apparatus giving audible information. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 116,  Signals and Indicators,   subclasses 67+ for alarms, per se. 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclass 558 for liquid level responsive alarms. 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 39 for audible signals for dispensers. 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 384.1+ for electrical communications audible signal giving means, per se.

73	Position or extent of motion indicator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Apparatus having means giving information as to the position or range of motion of a discharge effecting part or parts necessary to the control of discharge. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 116,  Signals and Indicators,   particularly subclasses 200+ for scale and pointer subcombinations. 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 553+ for fluid handling systems having position or extent of motion indicators. 222,  Dispensing,   subclasses 41+ for dispensers having position or extent of motion indicators.

74	With spray material quantity or flow indicating means (e.g., sight gauge):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Apparatus having means giving information as to amount or quantity or showing by inspection that material is flowing in the system. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 222,  Dispensing,   subclasses 154+ for dispensers having inspection devices and subclasses 71+ for volume or rate of flow metering means.

75	WITH VISCOSITY OR TEMPERATURE RESPONSIVE CONTROL MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus comprising means which senses viscosity or temperature and in response thereto, causes actuation of a control or regulatory member. (1) Note. The viscosity or temperature need not be that of the system material or a system part; thus, included under this definition would be a device in which a thermostat responds to temperature of the ambient atmosphere to impose or remove a control.

76	WITH PRESSURE OR FLOW EQUALIZATION MEANS TO PLURAL DISTRIBUTORS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having plural discharge means and including some sensing arrangement along one or more discharge routes together with appropriate flow controlling means effective to bring about a regulatory function in response to a change of pressure or volume along one or more such routes and tending thereby to distribute the flow equally among the said discharge means. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 71, for flow equalization to plural outlet means by regulation through metering means. 124+, for system relief or by-pass means (e.g., pump or nozzle unloading) which operate to keep pressures or flows at some desired level or equal among plural nozzles which means may be interconnected as by a common drive or shaft but which are not responsive to differences in individual flow lines and effective to balance out or overcome the flow condition. 533+, for regulator means comprising multiple fluid pressure responsive flow regulators associated with plural nozzles which may be selectively set so as to maintain uniform flow at some desired level. 553+, for unitary plural outlet means having an interior guide or flow divider whose function is generally to equalize the flow to the plural outlet openings.

77	ORCHARD-TYPE MOBILE DISTRIBUTOR COMPRISING FLUENT DISCHARGED INTO GASEOUS CONVEYING CURRENT:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus comprising either a nozzle or a strewing means to project or scatter a fluent material, and means to create an air stream related in a manner such that the fluent is discharged into the said air stream and further characterized by a disclosure that: (1) the air stream has a cross sectional area and a volumetric flow which are very large as compared with the outlet area and volumetric flow capacity of the nozzle or strewing means, (2) the apparatus is provided with means rendering it mobile (e.g., wheels) and (3) the fluent is conveyed by the air stream onto a tree or trees. (1) Note. Liquid and air pumps unitarily constructed are included if discrete air and liquid impelling means are included, as for example, a centrifugal slinger with air vanes thereon. (2) Note. If vaporization takes place by heat and the result is a smoke which is discharged and the sole disclosed or claimed use for the smoke is for insecticidal purposes, classification is in Class 43. If there is no purpose disclosed for the smoke, classification is in Class 516. If there is no vaporization, but liquid is discharged classification is in Class 239. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 290+, for apparatus including a supplemental gas shaping or shielding jet. 340+, for supply holders for material with a gas space above the material and a pressure reducer at the holder outlet. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 617 for ambulant fluid flow dispensers wherein no significant nozzle structure is claimed; and subclasses 630+ for other fluid flow discharge devices, particularly for pulverent materials which are not scattered or strewn (as claimed). 406,  Conveyors: Fluid Current,   appropriate subclasses for fluid current conveying means and their necessary material intake, regulating and blower relationships.

78	With current directing louvers:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 77.  Apparatus in which the air directing conduit or conveying means includes an arrangement of slats distributing vanes or the like to form an open work panel-like structure suitable for adjusting or directing the said flowing air.

79	WITH MEANS FUSING SOLID SPRAY MATERIAL AT DISCHARGE MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus which includes a means to melt particles or bodies of a normally solid substance and contiguous means to distribute the melted substance into the ambient air, usually for the purpose of coating a base surface upon which the distributed material solidifies. (1) Note. Systems in which a solid or granular material is fused at a point remote from the distributor are not included in this group of subclasses, but are classified in other appropriate subclasses of this class according to the nature of the distributor or system involved. (2) Note. Included herein are melting distributors which do not disclose any material feeding means or which disclose only material supply pipe or conduit means. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 219,  Electric Heating,   subclass 421 for similar devices having specific electric heating means. 250,  Radiant Energy,   subclass 251 for molecular or atomic beam devices for producing and propagating a stream of neutral particles or atoms through a vacuum, usually at thermal velocity. 264,  Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes,   subclasses 5+ for processes of forming particulate material directly from a molten or liquid mass, e.g., liquid comminuting. 425,  Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus,   subclasses 6+ for apparatus for forming particulate material from melts by utilizing a liquid comminutor (e.g., air blast, slinger, etc.) and means for congealing particles so formed. 427,  Coating Processes,   appropriate subclasses for a process of coating a substrate, especially subclasses 421.1 through 427.7for spray coating.

80	Plural supply means for solid spray materials:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79.  Apparatus which includes more than one means for conducting a solid substance to the means for melting and projecting it. (1) Note. The plural means may consist of separate sources, or a single branched flow line with separate nozzle means.

81	Electric arc, spark plug or induction heating:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79.  Apparatus having means to melt or heat a normally solid substance which means includes either (1) a means to create an electric spark across spaced electrodes or (2) a heating medium disposed in a fluctuating electromagnetic field. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 3, 690+, for electrostatic charging of sprayed or projected fluids. 80, for electrically heated nozzles (e.g., by electric arc means) having plural means to supply normally solid material. 82, 83, for nozzle heaters, many of which are of the electrical resistance type.

82	Nozzle with molten pool holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79.  Apparatus which includes a terminal outlet member having a reservoir or other means to retain a quantity of a molten, normally solid substance for use as required. (1) Note. A disclosure that the heating means is adapted to melt a solid material faster than it can escape through an outlet means is sufficient to warrant classification in this subclass.

83	Wire or rod type supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79.  Apparatus in which at least part of the supply of fusible solid consists of an elongated mass which is fed longitudinally to the discharge means.

84	Moving feeder for fusible wire or rod:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 83.  Apparatus including a member contacting the elongated supply of fusible material and adapted to urge it towards the melting and distributor means. (1) Note. The member is usually, but not necessarily motor driven and may be one of a pair of cooperating rollers. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 226,  Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length,   appropriate subclasses, for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to effect movement of the material.

85	With supply holder for fusible material (e.g., pulverulent solids):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79.  Apparatus which includes a storage receptacle or dispenser for a normally solid material and means to carry or conduct said material to the portion of the apparatus where it is melted and distributed. (1) Note. The material may be positively carried by a feeder conveyor, impeller and/or a fluid stream or may merely flow or fall by gravity.

86	INJECTION NOZZLE HAVING CAPILLARY TYPE FEED PASSAGES:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having an injection nozzle and a means for filtering fluid supplied thereto which includes very closely spaced or fitted, pre-shaped members between which said fluid flows to remove impurities. (1) Note. Filters made of strands, etc., of filtering material assembled in random fashion have been excluded and will be found in the appropriate subclass herebelow. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5, for a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 210,  Liquid Purification or Separation,   appropriate subclasses containing "filter" in title for the filtering element, per se.

87	INJECTION NOZZLE HAVING PLUNGER OR VALVE CONTROLLED BY PRESSURE BEYOND NOZZLE OUTLET (E.G., COMPRESSION PRESSURE OPERATED):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus which includes an injection nozzle discharging into a combustion chamber and means responsive to pressure in said chamber to control the flow of fluid through the nozzle. (1) Note. The pressure may actuate a valve or a fluid pump means associated with the nozzle but only nominal relations of the nozzle and combustion chamber are classified herein. Specific relations between the nozzle and combustion chamber are classified on the basis of the particular combustion chamber involved. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5, for a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber.

88	UNITARY INJECTION NOZZLE AND PUMP OR ACCUMULATOR PLUNGER:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus which includes an injection nozzle having an expansible and contractible chamber intimately and contiguously associated therewith and adapted to deliver fluid intermittently through the nozzle in response to contraction of the chamber. (1) Note. The chamber collapsing means may be a resilient biasing member or a motor driven means provided that there is no more than a nominal recitation of a motor of which the nozzle forms a part. (2) Note. Expansible chambers formed by pressure responsive surfaces formed on, or connected to a valve or valve stem have been excluded from this and the indented subclasses even though these chambers may deliver a small amount of fluid to the nozzle during closing movement of the valve. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5, for a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 123,  Internal-Combustion Engines,   appropriate subclasses for internal combustion engines which inject fuel (or fuel plus another fluid) into the combustion space.

89	Accumulator plunger biased to discharge fluid:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Apparatus in which the expansible chamber is normally urged towards collapsed position to force fluid through the nozzle. (1) Note. The chamber is usually charged with a supply of fluid during a period when the injection valve is closed.

90	Plunger interconnected or mounted bypass:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Apparatus in which a means communicates with the passage between the nozzle inlet and the outlet of the collapsible chamber and is actuated by or concurrently with the collapse of the chamber to relieve the pressure at the nozzle inlet and thus terminate delivery of fluid thereto after a predetermined volume.

91	Plunger interconnected or mounted valve (e.g., outlet valve):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Apparatus which includes a means controlling flow of fluid to or through the nozzle which means is either (1) actuated by or concurrently with the collapse of the chamber, or (2) mounted in or on a plunger or other part of the collapsible chamber. (1) Note. This flow control means is normally, but not necessarily, that part of the injection nozzle which determines the flow of fluid therethrough, e.g., the injector valve. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 90, for pump plunger operated by-pass valves.

92	Fluid operated plunger motor:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Apparatus in which the expansible chamber for delivering pressurized fluid to the nozzle is collapsed by means of a motor means energized by the movement of a volume of fluid. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 87, for fluid actuated fuel pump plunger motors which are responsive to combustion chamber pressure.

93	FLOW REGULATOR OPERATED CONCURRENTLY WITH INTERMITTENT FLUID PUMP:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus which include a means to control flow of fluid interposed between a distributor and a pump which delivers the fluid to the distributor in distinct, separated pulses or cycles, and means to actuate the flow control means in timed relation to the pump. (1) Note. Flapper valves other than parts of a distributor and valves located upstream of the pump are excluded since they are considered part of the pump means rather than part of the supply system (which includes the pump). (2) Note. The fluid control means (e.g., injection valve) may be opened in response to pressure of fluid supplied by the pump. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5, for a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber.

94	Plural motor surfaces on flow regulator (e.g., opposed):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 93.  Apparatus which includes a first area or surface of the distributor flow control means subjected to fluid pressure from the pump and an additional surface on said flow control means subjected to a separately controlled fluid to oppose or assist the force exerted on the first surface (e.g., to delay or assist valve opening or to close the valve at a desired time). (1) Note. The additional motor surface on the valve may be actuated by fluid from the pump, controlled by a separate valving means or by any other pressurized fluid desired.

95	UNITARY INJECTION NOZZLE AND VALVE WITH CONTINUOUSLY INTERMITTENT OPERATOR:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus which includes an injection nozzle having a flow control means and means disclosed as continuously moving and adapted to cyclically operate the flow control means. (1) Note. Internal-combustion engine valve operating linkages or portions thereof such as cams, levers, links, hydraulic and the like valve lifters, and fluid motors have been included in this subclass where no specific relation to the rest of the engine is recited, on the theory that they could be operated by a separate motor. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5, for a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 123,  Internal-Combustion Engines,   subclasses 27+ for fuel valves for internal-combustion engines which are operated by a member which, as claimed, is synchronized with the same engine which employs the valve as opposed to a cam or linkage means or the like which, as claimed, could be driven by an external engine or by hand.

96	INJECTION NOZZLE OPENED BY RELIEVING SUPPLY (E.G., ACCUMULATOR TYPE):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus which includes an injection nozzle and a valve therefor, an inlet supply passage for spray fluid, a means to store this fluid under pressure for injection after the valve is opened and means responsive to the presence of inlet fluid pressure to bias the valve closed. (1) Note. Fluid is usually supplied to a storage reservoir from the supply through a restriction or check valve and discharge occurs when the inlet line is vented to remove its biasing effect. (2) Note. Other means, e.g., springs or pressure operated means, are normally provided to open the valve when the inlet fluid conduit is vented. During the time that the nozzle inlet is under pressure, fluid is usually bled to an accumulator and this stored fluid is available for discharge when the valve opens. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5, for a method of injecting fuel into a combustion chamber. 94, for valves having plural motor surfaces, one of which may bias the valve towards closed position.

97	PATTERN CONTROL BY SYNCHRONIZING FLOW REGULATOR MEANS WITH CYCLICALLY MOVING DISTRIBUTOR:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus including a distributor member continuously and recurrently traveling in a cycle along a path or orbit which is fixed in relation to an area on which material is to be discharged; and means to establish an instantaneous rate of flow through said outlet member which varies in accordance with some predetermined function of the position of the member in said cycle in order that the flow may always be the same at any given position of said member in the cycle. (1) Note. The flow establishing means may be either a valve or a pump means and the flow may be either fluctuating or intermittent.

98	Plural outlets with abutment operated flow diverter :
	This subclass is indented under subclass 97.  Apparatus which include a plurality of distributor members and valve means actuated by engagement of said valve means with a member which is fixed relative to a support for said member in order to transfer the flow of fluid from one member to another. (1) Note. The plural outlet members usually constitute oppositely directed reaction nozzles which discharge alternately in order to impart oscillation to said apparatus.

99	WITH MEANS CAUSING INTERMITTENT INTERRUPTION OF SUPPLY TO DISTRIBUTOR MEANS (I.E., ON-OFF):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having, in addition to the necessary fluid supply and/or handling elements providing a normal flow for spraying and the like, means to stop periodically and cyclically the total flow of fluid to the entire terminal outlet means and then restore the normal flow therethrough. (1) Note. The cycle or period may be of any duration but there must be a clear disclosure of a complete stoppage of supply of discharge fluid to the terminal outlet means for a distinct interval. (2) Note. The means for interrupting the supply must be in addition to all the various confining surfaces which collectively bound and define an essential flow path, but said means may include (1) fluid passage or chamber means which, if closed off from the flow path, would not affect normal discharge flow, and/or (2) motor surfaces disposed out of the normal and direct path of fluid to the terminal outlet. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 66, for successively operated multiple distributors. 70, for a single timed cycle. 93+, 95+, for apparatus of the internal combustion engine type having some character of intermittent discharge control. 97, for spray pattern control by flow regulation synchronized with the movement of the distributor. 380+, for motor or spray operated continuously moving discharge modifier and not having the additional means required by (2) Note above. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 431,  Combustion,   subclass 279 for process or apparatus providing for combustion bursts or flareups in pulses or serial pattern.

100	Ground wheel controlled intermitter:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 99.  Apparatus in which the means to periodically and cyclically stop the total flow to the entire terminal outlet means is actuated by a rolling member in response to traversing motion of the device upon which the terminal outlet member is supported. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 156+, for a mobile tank type supply means with a ground wheel operated discharge controller which does not intermittently terminate flow.

101	WITH MEANS FOR FLUCTUATING FLOW OR PRESSURE OF FLUID SUPPLIED TO DISTRIBUTOR MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having in addition to the necessary fluid supply and/or handling elements for spraying and the like, means to vary continuously and cyclically the total rate of flow of fluid to the entire terminal outlet means and/or to change cyclically the pressure of the fluid supplied to said entire terminal outlet means. (1) Note. The cycle may be of any desired duration but must repeat itself. (2) Note. The means for varying the rate of fluid must be in addition to all the various confining surfaces which collectively bound and define an essential flow path but said means may include (1) fluid passage or chamber means which, if closed off from the flow path, would not affect normal discharge flow, and/or (2) motor surfaces disposed out of the normal and direct path of fluid to the terminal outlet means. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 17+, for an ornamental fountain in which the fluid flow or pressure may be cyclically varied. 97, rotary distributors in which the fluid supply to successive spray arms and the like may vary. 99, for intermittent interruption of fluid supplied to the distributing means. 380, for motor or spray operated continuously moving discharge modifier and not having the additional means required by (2) Note above.

102.1	WITH MEANS TO VIBRATE OR JIGGLE DISCHARGE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having means in addition to the necessary fluid supply and/or handling elements for spraying and the like, said means being driven by a motor means in order to change rapidly and periodically or cyclically the normal character of discharge from a terminal outlet or to change the normal character of the flow pattern, spray or trajectory downstream of said outlet. (1) Note. The means to change the flow characteristics of the discharged fluid may include means to superimpose a rapid wave motion on the normal fluid stream by (1) continuously moving the discharge outlet member, or (2) continuously moving a member in contact with the fluid, before, after or during discharge. (2) Note. The vibrating flow means must vary some instantaneous flow characteristic of the sprayed fluid, and means to move a nozzle or deflect a discharged fluid for the mere purpose of distribution over a desired area are excluded and will be found in pertinent subclasses herebelow. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 4, for a method of distributing fluid by contacting the fluid with an element which is continuously vibrated or caused to expand or contract. 99, 101, for cyclic variation of the quantity of fluid sprayed. 140+, for means movably mounting a supply container for discharging contents. 144, for agitation of supply means by vibrating the container or container part. 225+, especially subclasses 229, 242 and 255 for a distributor continuously moving relative to its support during spraying. 380+, for motor or spray operated continuously moving discharge modifier. 589.1, for a jiggled discharge caused by the geometry of the flow path of the distributor. 659, for a container for nonfluid material and scattering means which has an oscillating, reciprocating, shaking or other back and forth motion to strew the material over an extended area. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 116,  Signals and Indicators,   subclass 137 for a compressional wave generator which may comprise a magnetostrictive or vibratory device.

102.2	By electric transducer (e.g., piezoelectric crystal):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 102.1.  Apparatus wherein the motor means is a device which converts electrical energy into mechanical oscillations or vibrations. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 263.1, for a distributor driven by an electric motor which continuously moves relative to its support during spraying. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 310,  Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,   subclass 26 for a means producing motion by a magnetostrictive element. 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 10 and 11 for an underwater compressional wave caused by a vibration transducer of the piezoelectric or magnetostrictive type, respectively.

103	NOZZLE CARRIED APERTURED SHIELD AND COLLECTOR:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having a surface or area defined by a solid member spaced from the nozzle outlet and further provided with an aperture(s) and collecting means all carried by the nozzle so that the spray material which is projected from the outlet passes through the aperture(s) in the said member, the portion of the fluid not finding escape being collected or returned to the supply. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 104+, for sprayers having drip collecting, waste disposal or soil preventing guards and shields. 288, for solid means as guards or protectors.

104	WITH CLEANING MEANS, DRIP COLLECTING, WASTE DISPOSAL OR SOIL PREVENTING GUARDS OR SHIELDS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having means (1) to apply a cleaning agent (fluid or solid) to the parts of the apparatus, (2) to catch system fluid which is escaping as drip or leakage from the fluid handling system, (3) to make away with trapped or retained fluid to prevent drip or leakage or other soil possibilities, or (4) externally applied or directed to the system parts to prevent soil thereof or to the environment. (1) Note. Soil is considered to be that part of the spray fluid not desired to be discharged, or when discharged, is prevented from settling on areas not desired to be contacted by the fluid. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 28, for waste water catch basins associated with drinking fountains. 288, for arrangements provided with means to prevent soil from affecting the operator where there is some relationship between the apparatus and the operator or the operator"s normal position.

105	Soil preventing gas shield:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 104.  Apparatus having means in the form of a protecting envelope of nonliquid fluid for preventing soil by precluding the formation of drops or drip accumulation, i.e., by constantly wiping a discharge aperture edge with a gas, to return excess fluid delivered to a point of egress by an air stream or by merely enshrouding the discharging liquid with an envelope of gas. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 290+, for apparatus having supplemental gas shaping or shielding jets applied or directed against the sprayed fluid to confine or shape the fluid beyond the egress means to a particular outline.

106	Nozzle cleaner, flusher or drainer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 104.  Apparatus having means to remove foreign particles lodged in or on surfaces near the egress port, washing out unwanted material or permitting the escape thereof from the terminal member.

107	With means for enlarging spray openings beyond normal operating position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 106.  Apparatus having means for flushing out or draining the nozzle comprising an arrangement for increasing the egress opening to a size beyond the normal operating spraying limits. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 452+, 533+, for mere fluid pressure responsive discharge modifier or regulator and not having means operating to permit egress openings beyond a normal spraying range.

108	With separate fluid reacting surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 107.  Apparatus having a motor surface in addition to or as a separate part of outlet forming surfaces or valving means for assisting in the flushing or draining operation by enlarging the escape ports.

109	Reduction of fluid pressure affects opening (e.g., self-draining showers):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 108.  Apparatus in which the absence of or the dropping of pressure below an established minimum causes opening of the spray openings beyond normal use position.

110	With separate drain or access opening:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 106.  Apparatus provided with a drainage or access opening which is apart or discrete from the egress ports for spraying.

111	Absence of fluid pressure opens drain:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 110.  Apparatus having means which responds to the absence of fluid pressure to cause the additional opening to be made available. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 109, for similar control means affecting the spray openings.

112	With diverted system fluid or nonspraying fluid for cleaning:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 106.  Apparatus having means to redirect or reroute system fluid or having means to cause a nonsystem fluid used for spraying to clean, flush or drain the nozzle. (1) Note. There must be claimed some means whereby one of the system fluids (air or solvent generally) is made to flow through the other (paint or solute) line to flush out the nozzle.

113	System fluid diverted:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 112.  Apparatus in which a fluid of the system used for spraying is redirected.

114	Solid scraping or clearing member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 106.  Apparatus having a nonfluid agent associated therewith. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 15,  Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   appropriate subclasses for scrapers, wipers, brushes, and the like, for cleaning.

115	Member and nozzle mounted for relative motion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 114.  Apparatus in which the cleaning agent is supported for movement with respect to the nozzle which it is to clear.

116	Member is in flow line:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 115.  Apparatus having the cleaning agent supported within the flow confining member.

117	Member moves through spray opening:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 116.  Apparatus having the member movably mounted to project through the egress opening of the device. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 319, for moving solid surfaces supplying material through an opening to a carrier fluid outlet.

118	By fluid pressure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 117.  Apparatus having the cleaning member moved by fluid pressure.

119	Return or reverse flow from outlet:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 106.  Apparatus in which the nozzle member is cleaned or drained by means causing flow away from the nozzle in a direction opposite to the normal spraying direction. (1) Note. Air from without the nozzle rushing through the egress port to replace the liquid in the system returned to supply is included. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 112, for nonspraying fluid applied exteriorly or interiorly to the nozzle for cleaning.

120	Waste disposal or drip collecting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 104.  Apparatus in which means are provided to catch or otherwise dispose of material escaping or leaking from the system through uncontrolled paths or beyond the last point of control. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 312+ for fluid handling systems with leakage or drip prevention features. 141,  Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means,   subclasses 86+ for filling means having waste catchers, and subclasses 115+ for drip prevention. 222,  Dispensing,   subclasses 108+ for dispensers having drip collectors, and see the search notes to that subclass for additional fields of search.

121	Drip cup or trough:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 120.  Apparatus having a drip collecting means in the form of a cup or trough.

122	Combined with deflector:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.  Apparatus having the drip collecting means intimately associated with a means which disperses and redirects spray fluid. (1) Note. The usual arrangement comprises projection devices spraying against a deflector in a fog or mist generator and having means to collect the liquid not finely enough divided to make mist. Here are collected various vegetable fresheners using mist.

123	Solid scraping or clearing member:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 104.  Apparatus having a nonliquid member or agent operative to clean or clear the system of soil. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 114+, for similar arrangements for nozzles or terminal members. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 15,  Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   appropriate subclasses, for solid agent cleaning means, per se.

124	WITH SYSTEM FLUID RELIEF OR RETURN TO SUPPLY:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having means (1) to discharge or permit escape of system fluid through other than the spray egress ports, including relief to atmosphere without provision for return to supply, (2) to by-pass or redirect system fluid away from the out flow direction, and (3) to direct system fluid flowing toward the outlet means back to the source. (1) Note. Relief of system fluid particularly in the intermittent pump type by providing a deformable or expansible chamber or flow line to temporarily accept and store fluid without actual loss to atmosphere or return to supply is not included. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 88+, 99 and 331, for example and see (1) Note above. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 222,  Dispensing,   subclasses 318+ and 424 for by-pass or liquid return to supply in that class.

125	Recirculation within nozzle (e.g., burner nozzle cooling):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Apparatus wherein provision is made to divert spray fluid back through additional passages in the outlet member and away from the egress port to the supply for recirculation. (1) Note. This arrangement is generally regarded as a "spill nozzle" in the internal combustion engine type and may provide such arrangement for nozzle cooling, also for burner nozzle cooling. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 132.3+, for nozzles provided with heat exchange means.

126	By pressure responsive means (e.g., to sump or atmosphere):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Apparatus in which relief or return to supply of spray fluid is under the control of a means sensitive to the pressure of fluid in the system. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 452+, 464 and 533+, for fluid pressure responsive discharge modifiers or flow regulators.

127	Return from liquid pump outlet to supply holder (e.g., tank filling, mixing or pump unloading):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.  Apparatus in which return of spray fluid to the supply means is made from the outlet side of the pump to relieve the discharge pressure, to act as a pumping means either for the addition of other fluids for mixing purposes or for tank filling (e.g., venturi arrangements) for pump unloading or the like purposes.

127.1	REACTION MOTOR DISCHARGE NOZZLE WITH JACKETED OR HOLLOW PORTION FOR COOLING FLUID FLOW:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus comprising the distributor for the fluid ejected from a reaction motor to produce a thrust, said distributor, or a portion thereof, being provided with a spaced wall or internal cavity, the cavity or the space defined by the wall being connected to a source of fluid, heat from the distributor being transferred to the fluid to prevent inordinate temperature rise of the distributor. (1) Note. See the definition and notes of subclass 265.11 for the meaning of "reaction motor" distributor. (2) Note. This subclass will only accept devices in which the distributor is cooled; for devices in which heat is transferred to the distributor, see subclasses 128+. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 132.3+, for cooling means in a terminal element in which the element is not disclosed as a reaction motor discharge.

127.3	With subsequent mixing in main discharge stream in or downstream of nozzle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 127.1.  Apparatus in which the cooling fluid is introduced into the main discharge stream at a location in the distributor or downstream of the distributor, after said cooling fluid has passed through the space or cavity. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 265.17, for a reaction motor nozzle having means for adding a secondary fluid upstream of the outlet, with however, no jacket or hollow portion for passage of such secondary fluid for cooling purposes. 265.23, for a reaction motor nozzle in which a secondary fluid is added to the main fluid subsequent to its discharge through the nozzle for deflecting the main fluid jet for steering purposes, with however, no jacket or hollow portion for passage of such secondary fluid for cooling purposes.

128	WITH HEATING OR COOLING MEANS FOR THE SYSTEM OR SYSTEM FLUID:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus in which either the material to be sprayed or the apparatus parts are subjected to a treatment which either raises or lowers the temperature thereof. (1) Note. A device in which an incandescent or radiant member or a system part as claimed, is positioned in the path of the fluid discharged or distributed from the system, which fluid is disclosed as ignitible to produce a flame, thus heating the member, the system part or the system fluid, whether or not the flame is actually claimed, is excluded from Class 239 and will be found in Class 431, Combustion. (2) Note. Mere heat insulating means is excluded under this definition and will be found in subclass 397.5. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 13, for corresponding processes. 79+, for apparatus involving the fusion of solid or granular material in the nozzle prior to or during spraying. 125, for burner nozzle cooling by recirculation of spray fluid within the nozzle. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 122,  Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers,   subclasses 6.5 and 6.6+ for a furnace having a feed port or tuyere with passages in which liquid is heated in cooling the port or tuyere structure. 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclasses 334+ fluid handling means with heating or cooling of the system. 141,  Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means,   subclass 82 for filling arrangements including heating or cooling means. 169,  Fire Extinguishers,   appropriate subclasses, for CO2 snow nozzles having diffusing therefor. 222,  Dispensing,   subclasses 146+ for dispensers having heating or cooling means and see the accumulated search notes there included to other classes on heating and cooling subject matter. 431,  Combustion,   subclasses 207+ for a fuel emitter in which the fuel supplied to the emitter is heated by the burning of the emitted fuel, and subclasses 347+ for an incandescing or radiating component heated by the discharge from a burner nozzle. See (1) Note above.

129	Employing waste heat or exhaust gases:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Apparatus in which the temperature is raised by the use of fluids or heat retaining media which would ordinarily be disposed of in nonheat exchange relationship. (1) Note. This type of heat exchange usually involves the use of a heat producing apparatus, such as an internal combustion engine, or steam driven prime mover, which apparatus is present for a purpose other than for heat exchange and the exhaust gases from the engine or the exhaust steam from the prime mover are used to then heat the spray material or the spray apparatus, instead of being disposed of in the usual manner. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclass 336 for a burner having a flue extending through the fluid.

130	Vehicle mounted heater and spray device:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Apparatus provided with a conveyance on which the spraying apparatus and the temperature modifying elements are mounted. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 146+, for mobile type tank supply means. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   appropriate subclasses for a motor vehicle, per se. 280,  Land Vehicles,   appropriate subclasses for a land vehicle, per se.

131	With plural fluids through outlet means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 130.  Apparatus in which more than a single fluid discharges through the egress opening.

132	In terminal element (e.g., injection nozzle cooling):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Apparatus having means positioned in the end element for varying the temperature of such element.

132.1	Heat exchange fluid:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 132.  Apparatus in which there is a passage in the means and a fluid is passed through said passage to perform a heat exchange function.

132.3	Cooling of terminal element:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 132.1.  Apparatus in which the fluid lowers the temperature of the element. (1) Note. Except for the broad subclass 128, this and the indented subclass are the only subclasses in this group which take cooling, which must at least affect the temperature of the terminal spray element, if not that of the fluid passing therethrough. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 127.1+, for cooling a reaction motor discharge nozzle by passing a cooling fluid into a jacketed or hollow portion of the nozzle.

132.5	Coolant is spray fluid or is added to spray fluid:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 132.3.  Apparatus in which, after the cooling fluid has passed through the passage, it is combined with the spray fluid either before or after passing through the terminal outlet, or is itself the spray fluid and is discharged through the terminal outlet. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 127.3, for cooling a reaction motor discharge nozzle by passing a cooling fluid into a jacket or hollow portion of the nozzle and then passing the cooling fluid into admixture with the main discharge stream either at or downstream of the nozzle.

133	Spray terminal carrying member carriers heater:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Apparatus including a heating device which is operatively fixed to and mounted on the portion of the apparatus which also supports the terminal element. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 118,  Coating Apparatus,   appropriate subclasses, for specific spray projection or coating apparatus having radiant energy heating means or separate work heating or treating gas or vapor nozzles, e.g., flame heaters, carried by such projection apparatus and whose disclosed primary function is to heat or treat the work before or after coating thereof.

134	With additional upstream heating means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 133.  Apparatus in which there is an additional heating device intermediate the supply source and the heating means carried by the terminal member.

135	Heating means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 128.  Apparatus including a means to raise the temperature of the apparatus parts or spray material. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 43,  Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,   subclasses 129+ for vaporizing fumigators for insecticides. 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 146 for heating means for dispensers and see the collected search class notes thereto for the locus of heating apparatus.

136	Vapor generator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 135.  Apparatus including a device which heats a liquid to produce its vapor. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 122,  Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers,   appropriate subclasses for heaters and vaporizers, per se, or including a nominal spraying member, or for the combination of a burner or flame nozzle specifically related to a closed liquid receptacle.

137	Plural fluids through outlet means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 136.  Apparatus in which more than one fluid is discharged through the terminal outlet means. (1) Note. There must be some characteristic differing between the fluids in order to qualify for the subclass, e.g., pressure, temperature, state, etc.

138	One an aspirating fluid for discharge:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Apparatus provided with means whereby one of the fluids draws, sucks, pumps or siphons at least one other fluid for passage through the end terminal element to atmosphere. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 340+, 398+, appropriate subclasses for aspirating spray arrangements.

139	Spaced jacket or compartment for heating fluid:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 135.  Apparatus including a wall separated from and forming with the apparatus or a part thereof, an enclosed chamber or space through which the heat exchange medium passes or whereby it is contained.

140	WITH MEANS MOVABLY MOUNTING SUPPLY MEANS FOR DISCHARGING CONTENTS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus (1) in which the supply container is supported for relative motion with respect to means which sustains it against the forces of gravity or (2) wherein there is some means constraining the supply to have motion relative to the ground, e.g., (rolling contact) in addition to translating motion, to cause discharging of the contents. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 146+, where the supply tank is mounted on a vehicle but has no motion relative to the vehicle chassis for discharging of contents.

141	Rotating tank type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 140.  Apparatus in which the supply means has rolling contact with the area it is spraying, or rotates around its support. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 722+, for mobile distributors having a fixed supply.

142	WITH AGITATION OF SUPPLY MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having means in addition to the discharge effecting means or other unmodified discharge controller for commingling, mixing or keeping in motion the material to be sprayed. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 366,  Agitating,   for agitating process and apparatus, per se.

143	Gas agitation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 142.  Apparatus having means to agitate the supply by applying gas to the contents of the supply holder including for example gas pressure force feed arrangements peculiarly arranged to discharge below the surface of the supply level, or gas pump discharge means disconnected from its discharge function and operated to agitate the supply. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 85, for supply holders for fusible, powdered or pulverulent spray material which holders frequently employ gas jets to agitate the material. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 195 for dispensers having gas agitation. 261,  Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus,   subclasses 121+ for submerged blast type gas and liquid contact apparatus. 366,  Agitating,   subclasses 3+ and 10+ for mortar mixing effected by gas agitation, and subclasses 101+ for gas effected agitation of general utility.

144	Movably mounted tank or tank part (e.g., vibratory type):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 142.  Apparatus having means to movably mount a tank or tank part with respect to its support to cause agitation of the contents. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 140+, for means movably mounting a supply means for discharging the contents thereof. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 366,  Agitating,   subclasses 108+ for agitation by vibration.

145	POROUS OR EXTERNAL WICK DISCHARGE MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus in which the egress means comprises a member of permeable material or a permeable strand extending outwardly from the terminal of a conduit. (1) Note. This class does not include the application of a liquid to an area or surface by a wiping action. (2) Note. "Soaker hoses" are included under this definition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 34+, for slow diffusers. 266+, for distributors comprising longitudinally spaced outlets in a flow line conduit. 326, for temporary storage in wick or pad of liquid to be picked up by an air stream. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 15,  Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,   appropriate subclasses, particularly subclasses 104.93+ and 209.1+ for wipers. 47,  Plant Husbandry,   subclasses 1.01 and 48.5 for plant husbandry involving the application of fertilizers, etc., to plants, and subclass 1.5 for wick-like, porous discharge means having a liquid supply and adapted to wipe the liquid onto a growing plant. 55,  Gas Separation,   appropriate subclasses, for porous or permeable members useful for separating gas, vapors, liquids or solid particles from a gas streams. 138,  Pipes and Tubular Conduits,   especially subclasses 123+ for conduits of general utility which may be porous. 210,  Liquid Purification or Separation,   appropriate subclasses, for porous or permeable members for separating constituents from a liquid. 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 187 for dispensers having wick or absorbent material feed. 401,  Coating Implements With Material Supply,   subclasses 198+ for a hand-manipulable implement including a wick feed from within a reservoir. 405,  Hydraulic and Earth Engineering,   subclasses 36+ for installed irrigation devices or those with below-ground terminal outlets. See especially subclass 45 for a pipe or flume having a porous side wall or opening. 428,  Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,   subclasses 304.4+ for a composite stock material product embodying a component which is porous. 431,  Combustion,   subclasses 326+ for a burner in which fuel is fed to a flame area through a capillary, permeable or sieve like structure in or on which combustion takes place.

146	WITH MOBILE TANK-TYPE SUPPLY MEANS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus having a tank, container or receptacle constituting the supply means, mounted on a vehicular support to thereby affect or permit transposition thereof during the spraying operation. (1) Note. Mere wheel, skid or the like support means (1) directly secured to, or (2) secured to axle means, and carried by the supply means is not sufficient to qualify the support as a vehicle. The support means must be sustainable as such without the presence of the tank-type supply. (2) Note. Many of the patents in this group are placed here on the basis that a mobile tank supply is disclosed even though only a supply means is claimed. The mobility of the supply means whether claimed or not where combined with the distributor so that there is a self-contained operative unit capable of performing its function detached from a "pipe line" or "mains" supply and therefore during motion is deemed sufficient to warrant the disclosure as basis for the placement of the patents in this group. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 225.1+, for a distributor continuously moving relative to its support during spraying. 273+, for support means or connections to art devices especially subclasses 286+ for means facilitating transportation of parts of system. 650+, for a container for nonfluid material, which may be mounted on a vehicular support and means to strew or scatter the material. 722+, for mobile distributors having a fixed supply. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 404,  Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,   subclasses 101+ for an apparatus to distribute material on a road or roadway.

147	Ground traversing wheel-form supply tank:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.  Apparatus in which the container or receptacle is rotatably mounted and has a circular circumference supported by and adapted to roll over the ground. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 141, for other circular supply tanks supported by and adapted to roll over the ground for discharging the contents thereof. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 111,  Planting,   subclasses 118+ for means to spray liquid or gas onto or into the soil combined with means to disturb the soil to facilitate absorption. 172,  Earth Working,   subclasses 170+ for land rollers combined with some other earth-working tool, and subclasses 518+ for tools of the rolling implement type. 404,  Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus,   subclasses 122+ for a compacting roller device.

148	With means replenishing system supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.  Apparatus including a means carried thereby that is particularly adapted to facilitate the filling or replenishing of the fluid supply in the receptacle.

149	With means movably mounting supply container relative to its support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.  Apparatus having a means to adjust the height and/or angle between the fluid receptacle and its mounting. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 140+, for movably mounting supply means for effecting discharge of the contents. 142+, for agitation of supply means including a movably mounted tank or tank part.

150	With spray deflecting or compressing means (e.g., striping):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.  Apparatus provided with means to redirect or disperse the spray or to prevent the spray from spreading beyond a predesired size or shape. (1) Note. The type of device herein classified is usually identified as a roadway or lane marker. (2) Note. For this subclass, the means to redirect or disperse the spray is usually in the form of a solid shield or guard and is positioned directly in the path of the fluid leaving the terminal element and before the fluid contacts the surface being coated. Those devices in which the shield redirects or disperses the fluid after it has contacted and rebounded from the surface are for soil prevention and are found in subclass 104. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 103, for shields or templates which permit only the desired shape of spray to pass therethrough and which deflect and collect the remainder. 104, if the function of the shield is to prevent spray from reaching areas not desired to be so contacted and the shield is in the path of the spray rebounding from the surface (see (2) Note, above). SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 118,  Coating Apparatus,   subclasses 504+ for work surface shields, masks, or protectors, and subclass 301 for masks or stencils for projection apparatus.

151	By gas stream means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 150.  Apparatus in which the means to disperse, redistribute or prevent the spray from spreading is a jet blast of air or other gas. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 290+, for gas shaping or shielding jets in other combinations.

152	BODY OR ANIMAL CARRIED:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus comprising a supply receptacle constructed and arranged so as to facilitate its transportation on some part of a person or animal (e.g., harness, body straps, contour, etc.). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 653, for apparatus comprising a container and scattering means for nonfluid material and means for supporting the apparatus on the body of a user. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 222,  Dispensing,   subclass 175 for body carried or operated dispensers.

153	Body contour feature:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 152.  Apparatus in which the supply receptacle is shaped to complement and fit upon the surface form of a human or animal.

154	Hand manipulated discharge means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 152.  Apparatus in which the position of the distributor or end spray element is shifted manually. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 652, for a container for nonfluid material and a strewing means comprising a manually moved tube.

155	Operational means interconnected with ground traverse:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.  Apparatus in which there is an element moving in contact with the ground and operatively united with any one or more of the other operating or controlling mechanisms of the fluid handling system so as to be controlled thereby. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 62, for selective proportioning or correlated flow means having traverse motion response means. 100, for ground wheel controlled intermitter. 160, for motor means disassociated from ground traverse for imparting movement to boom or bar type distributors.

156	Ground wheel operated discharge means or controller:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 155.  Apparatus in which the ground contacting movable element is rotatably mounted and actuates a mechanism to cause the fluid to be ejected through the terminal element or to move some part of the terminal element to control the amount or characteristic of the flow therethrough. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 100, for ground wheel operated control means to intermittently terminate and restore the fluid flow to a terminal outlet means.

157	Ground wheel operated pump:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 156.  Apparatus in which the mechanism actuated by the ground contacting means is a device which moves to change the pressure acting with respect to the material in the tank to be sprayed.

158	Gas pressure pump:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 157.  Apparatus in which the moving means acts upon gas in contradistinction to liquids. (1) Note. The usual type of gas pump in this group is that in which air is compressed and transferred to the top of a liquid which is then ejected by the gas pressure.

159	Spray boom or bar type distributor:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.  Apparatus characterized by an arrangement of individual egress openings or plural groups of such openings along an elongated fluid conductor, bar, or bean-like member to define a spray pipe, terminal outlet members connected in series for through flow or a manifolding arrangement for individual heads.

160	With motor means imparting movement to distributor during use:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 159.  Apparatus further including motion effecting means transmitted to the distributors during the spraying operation.

161	Plural bars or booms:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 160.  Apparatus having more than one bar or boom. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 163, for plural diverse bars or booms.

162	Plural spray heads individually mounted for motion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 160.  Apparatus having a plurality of separate terminal heads or members and each so supported to have its own cycle of motion relative to its support.

163	Plural diverse bars or booms:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 159.  Apparatus including at least two distributing bars or booms which are different as to kind or type of arrangement of egress means, the difference involving more than mere details of support or placement upon the carrier.

164	Adjustable distributor:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 159.  Apparatus having means effective to variously shiftably or angularly position the fluid distributor relative to its support.

165	Extensible or telescoping boom:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 164.  Apparatus having a distributor comprised of sections such that the member can be elongated or projected and retracted relative to the fixed sections thereof. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 281, 753, for extensible distributing means in other combinations there classified.

166	Plural sections articulated or pivotally mounted:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 164.  Apparatus having a number of bar or boom type sprayers either (1) hingedly or otherwise nonslidably joined together or (2) each of a number hingedly secured to the supporting means.

167	Symmetrically disposed outboard of carrier :
	This subclass is indented under subclass 166.  Apparatus having distributors equally and similarly disposed to either side of a central axis or plane extending longitudinally through the unit.

168	With central section:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 167.  Apparatus having a section which is uniformly positioned relative the longitudinal axis ahead of, above, below or to the rear of the carrier unit and having some relation to the outboard ones included.

169	Flexible coupling section to distributor:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 164.  Apparatus including a nonrigid connecting flow line section joining the distributor to the supply means for purposes of adjustment or rearrangement. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 175+, 587+, for other adjustable and shiftable arrangements.

170	Having means to selectively control discharge paths:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 159.  Apparatus including flow control means so that selected ones or sections of egress means may discharge or not.

171	Aircraft carried:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.  Apparatus wherein the vehicular support is an aircraft. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 244,  Aeronautics and Astronautics,   subclass 136 for material discharging or diffusing devices and arrangements of aircraft structure, e.g., including significant aircraft structure, structure modified to accommodate the material discharging means, or mode of operation requiring flight.