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![[Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 454]](../as.gif) CLASS 454, | VENTILATION |
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION
This is the parent class for apparatus and processes for supplying air to and removing it from enclosures, for distributing and circulating the air therein, or for preventing its contamination.
SECTION II - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
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| 2, | Apparel, subclasses 171+ for head coverings (e.g., hats) which may include ventilation. |
| 4, | Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, appropriate subclasses for ventilation of devices forming the subject matter of that class, particularly, subclasses 209+ and 306 for ventilation of urinals; subclasses 347+ for ventilation of flush closets; and subclasses 472, 475, 477, and 482 for ventilation of dry closets. |
| 5, | Beds, subclasses 706+ for ventilation of a mattress. |
| 34, | Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate subclasses for ventilation processes and apparatus combined with added steps or means to cause drying or gas or vapor contact with solids. |
| 36, | Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, subclass 3 for ventilation of boots or shoes. |
| 52, | Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 198+ for structure forming an enclosure for or a cover over a room or compartment and having a fluid guiding port in an outer barrier communicating between the space and ambient, subclass 200 for an enclosure located on and within the periphery of a roof and having an open bottom or passage communicating with the space beneath the roof (e.g., cupola), subclasses 204.5+ for passageways which traverse a barrier and which allow passage of air, subclass 218 for a flue with gaseous fluid directing features, and subclass 219 for a flue connection to building structures. |
| 62, | Refrigeration, appropriate subclasses for ventilated rooms or chambers in combination with cooling or refrigeration means specialized to refrigeration. The mere inclusion of a cooler for the air or means subjecting the air to air-liquid contact is not considered a means specialized to refrigeration. |
| 95, | Gas Separation: Processes, for processes of gas separation, per se, in which dust or other contaminants are removed from air. |
| 96, | Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas separation, per se, in which dust or other contaminants are removed from air. |
| 105, | Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 350+ for passenger car constructions tending to lessen the dust contents of the air in the vicinity of car doors and windows. |
| 114, | Ships, subclass 187 for steamboat stacks and chimneys specially adapted to use on vessels and subclasses 211+ for ventilating devices specific to ships and involving the structure of the ship. |
| 126, | Stoves and Furnaces, appropriate subclasses for the combination of ventilating and heating wherein significant heating structure (i.e., more than a nominal recitation such as a broadly recited "heating means") is claimed. See specifically subclasses 21+ for ventilated ovens, subclasses 67+ for heating stoves provided with means for heating and circulating a current of air, subclass 80 for heating stoves provided with special ventilating attachments or features, subclasses 99+ for furnaces which heat air in an enclosing case or jacket to be distributed to points remote from the furnace, subclass 113 for the combination of an air moistener with a hot air furnace, subclass 198 for oven doors provided with means for ingress and egress of air, subclass 279 for ventilating platforms for stoves and furnaces, subclass 287.5 for fusible release-type stove or furnace dampers, subclass 293 for the combination of a smoke-controlling damper and a ventilating damper which are interconnected so that the movement of one operates to move the other, subclasses 299+ for stove hoods designed to carry off odors from kitchen ranges, subclass 312 for stovepipe ventilation, subclass 313 for air moistening attachments to stovepipes, subclass 316 for a combined stove pipe thimble and ventilator, and subclass 508 for a fireplace with a room humidifier. |
| 128, | Surgery, subclass 205.26 for ventilating chambers usable by a patient such as oxygen tents and hyperbaric chambers. |
| 135, | Tent, Canopy, Umbrella, and Cane, subclasses 93+ for ventilation of a portable structure (e.g., tent). |
| 137, | Fluid Handling, subclass 216 for vents in fluid lines to prevent backflow (e.g., antisyphon devices). |
| 160, | Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel, for ventilating devices (1) in the form of panels in which a flexible fabric or other flexible sheet material forms the panel portions; (2) in the form of panel units formed of plural strips, slats, or panels interconnected for relative motion (excluding those connected only by a common operator or mounted on a common support); (3) panels in the form of portable partitions, and (4) parts (1) - (3) combined with each other or with rigid closures or other rigid panels. Ventilators, as above, combined with additional means (as pumps, valves, baffles, etc.) to cause, control, or direct the flow of air are in Class 454, Ventilation. Closures and panel units in the form of grilles, shutters, or registers, whether of the stationary or noninterconnnected pivoted-vane type, have been treated as rigid panels. |
| 165, | Heat Exchange, subclasses 59 , 234+, and 248+, for the combination of air distribution means with specific heat exchange means adapted to heat or cool the air and subclass 60 for the combination of an air moistening device with a specific heat exchange means adapted to heat or cool a chamber. |
| 210, | Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 163+ for a grated fluid inlet. |
| 217, | Wooden Receptacles, subclass 42 for ventilated crates and subclass 74 for ventilated barrels. |
| 236, | Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, for automatically operating mechanisms for controlling temperature or humidity, per se. Class 236 does not include claims to the devices or systems controlled. |
| 237, | Heating Systems, appropriate subclasses and particularly subclasses 46+ for the combination of ventilating and heating wherein significant heating structure (i.e., more than a nominal recitation such as a broadly recited "heating means") is claimed. |
| 239, | Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, subclasses 34+ for slow diffusers, per se, and subclass 270 for a nozzle having an air supply means to the operator. |
| 261, | Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for air moistening devices, per se, and subclasses 127+ for heating and cooling devices combined with moisteners for the air. Devices including significant ventilating structure and excluding specific heating or cooling structure will be found in Class 454. |
| 280, | Land Vehicles, subclasses 847+ for devices for protecting the occupants of a vehicle or the vehicle itself from dust and mud incident to the use of that vehicle. |
| 296, | Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops, subclasses 84.1+ for vehicle windshields. |
| 399, | Electrophotography, subclasses 92+ for internal machine environment having a forced air circulation and subclasses 246+ for sprayed liquid developer applications. |
| 404, | Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus, subclasses 25+ for a pavement with a load bearing vault cover-closure which may include openings or vents. |
| 415, | Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps, for a blower, per se. |
| 416, | Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), for a fan, per se. |
| 417, | Pumps, for a motor driven blower, per se. |
SUBCLASSES
![[List of Patents for class 454 subclass 1]](../ps.gif) 1 | CHIMNEY OR STACK: | ||||||||||||||||||
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to a generally vertical, projecting,
conduit section having an uppermost portion which opens to a surrounding
environment, whereby air or products of combustion can flow between
a ventilated space and the surrounding environment.
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| 2 | Vehicle: | ||||||
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the ventilated space is in a device
for transporting passengers, goods, or equipment.
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| 3 | Chimneytop or stacktop structure (e.g., cowl): | ||||||
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter comprising structure at an uppermost end
of the vertical conduit section.
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| 4 | Cap closure: | ||||||||||||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising a cover which can be positioned
over the opening in the vertical conduit"s uppermost section
to stop flow therethrough of air or products of combustion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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| 5 | Pivoted: | ||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Subject matter wherein the cover rotates about an axis.
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| 6 | Plural, separately pivoted portions: | ||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter wherein the cover comprises at least two
parts, each part rotating independently about the same or different
fixed axes.
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| 7 | Having remote control: | ||||
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter comprising means for rotating the cover about
the fixed axis from a location distant from the cover.
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| 8 | Inlet and outlet: | ||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising separate passages for directing
air or products of combustion to and from the ventilated space.
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| 9 | Having air current responsive adjustment means (e.g., wind vane, etc.): | ||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter comprising a means which alters a position
or operation of the structure in reaction to a change in (1) flow
of natural air (i.e., wind) or (2) flow of air or products of combustion
through the vertical conduit section.
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| 10 | Inlet: | ||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising a passage for directing air to
the ventilated space.
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| 11 | Having air current responsive adjustment means (e.g., wind vane, etc.): | ||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Subject matter comprising a means which alters a position
or operation of the structure in reaction to a change in (1) flow
of natural air (i.e., wind) or (2) flow of air or products of combustion
through the vertical conduit section.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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| 12 | With means for mounting on brick-type chimney: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising means uniting the structure to an uppermost end of a brick or ceramic vertical conduit section (i.e., chimney). | |
| 13 | Chimneytop structure extends within chimney: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Subject matter wherein a portion of the structure is located in an interior portion of the brick or ceramic conduit section. | |
| 14 | Means for mounting to inner wall: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the uniting means fastens the structure to an interior surface of the brick or ceramic conduit section. | |
| 15 | With rotary means in air current (e.g., fan, etc.): | ||||||||||||
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising a unidirectionally rotating member
which acts on or is acted on by (1) flow of natural air (i.e., wind)
or (2) flow of air or products of combustion through the vertical
conduit section.
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| 16 | Driven by external power source: | ||
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter wherein the member is unidirectionally rotated
by a means other than (1) flow of natural air (i.e., wind) or (2)
flow of air or products of combustion through the vertical conduit
section.
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| 17 | Having air current responsive adjustment means (e.g., wind vane, etc.): | ||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter comprising a means which alters the position
or operation of the structure or a part thereof in reaction to a
change in (1) flow of natural air (i.e., wind) or (2) flow of air or
products of combustion through the vertical conduit section.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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| 18 | Cage-type blade set: | ||
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter wherein the unidirectionally rotating member
comprises a hollow cylinder with two or more strip-like (blade)
structures extending along the periphery thereof, which structures
act on or are acted on by (1) flow of natural air (i.e., wind) or
(2) flow of air or products of combustion through the vertical conduit
section.
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| 19 | Including additional blade set: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter further comprising a different group of rotating member (blade) structures acting on or being acted upon by (1) flow of natural air (i.e., wind) or (2) flow of air or products of combustion through the vertical conduit. | |
| 20 | Having air current responsive adjustment means: | ||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising a means which alters the position
or operation of the structure or a part thereof in reaction to a
change in (1) flow of natural air (i.e., wind) or (2) flow of air or
products of combustion through the vertical conduit section.
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| 21 | Wind vane: | ||
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Subject matter wherein the structure or a portion thereof
rotates to maintain a particular orientation relative to changing
natural air (i.e., wind) flow direction.
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| 22 | With air current inducing jet: | ||||||||
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter comprising a nozzle which ejects a high velocity
flow stream to cause air or products of combustion to flow through
the vertical conduit section.
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| 23 | Centered within induced air current: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Subject matter wherein the nozzle and its ejected flow stream lie in the middle of the air or products of combustion being caused to flow. | |
| 24 | Shield: | ||
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter wherein the rotating structure is a generally
vertical deflector which shelters the vertical conduit section"s
uppermost portion from direct exposure to the natural air current (i.e.,
wind).
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| 25 | Hood having outlet opening perpendicular to wind: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises a cover means over the opening in the vertical conduit"s uppermost section, the cover means rotating to maintain an air or products of combustion exhaust opening therein facing at a right angle to the natural air flow direction. | |
| 26 | Current regulator: | ||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Subject matter wherein the means varies flow of air or products
of combustion through the vertical conduit section.
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| 27 | Having readily movable air current regulating means: | ||||||||||
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises a means which
is easily shiftable to alter flow of air or products of combustion
through the vertical conduit section.
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| 28 | With temperature sensitive release: | ||||||||||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter wherein the shiftable means moves in reaction
to temperature.
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| 29 | Continuously horizontal panel: | ||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter wherein the shiftable means comprises a multiposition
plate which is maintained parallel to the horizon while in use and while
motion is being imparted to it.
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| 30 | Pivoted: | ||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter wherein the shiftable means rotates about
a fixed axis.
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| 31 | Plural: | ||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter having two such shiftable means which rotate
about the same or different fixed axes.
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| 32 | T-top: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises two arms which, with the vertical conduit section, form a T-shape. | |
| 33 | Spiral or plural stacked rings: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises (1) spaced-apart, helically-arranged strips or (2) rings spaced apart and positioned one above another. | |
| 34 | Four-side outlets with shield: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises exhaust openings 90 degrees apart with a deflector across each opening to prevent back draft. | |
| 35 | Spaced cap: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising a cover above and at a distance from the uppermost portion of the vertical pipe or conduit section. | |
| 36 | And spaced shield: | ||
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Subject matter comprising a structure which surrounds, is
located at a distance from, and which shelters an area immediately
above the uppermost portion of the vertical conduit section.
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| 37 | And skirt deflector extending outwardly from chimney or stack: | ||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Subject matter wherein the vertical conduit section has
a flange surrounding and stretching away therefrom for guiding air,
products of combustion, or water.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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| 38 | And skirt deflector extending outwardly from chimney or stack: | ||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Subject matter wherein the vertical conduit section has
a flange surrounding and stretching away therefrom for guiding air,
products of combustion, or water.
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| 39 | Having air current inducing jet: | ||||||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter comprising a nozzle for ejecting a high velocity
fluid stream which causes flow of air or products of combustion
through the vertical conduit section.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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| 40 | Plural, in-series jets: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter comprising two such nozzles, the high velocity fluid streams issuing from the nozzles acting on the air or products of combustion one after another in sequence. | |
| 41 | Having liquid drain: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter comprising means to remove liquid from the vertical conduit section. | |
| 42 | Having internal air current guide: | ||||
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter comprising a surface within the vertical
conduit section which straightens or diverts flow of air or products
of combustion through the conduit.
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| 43 | Having flue heater: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter comprising means to heat the air or products of combustion to increase their flow rate through the vertical conduit section. | |
| 44 | Having lining or sleeve: | ||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter comprising (1) an interior covering or coating
for the vertical conduit section or (2) a member which encases the
vertical conduit section.
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| 45 | Including breech opening: | ||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter comprising a side opening in a lower part
of the vertical conduit section for entrance of air or products
of combustion.
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| 46 | Pressurized air lining: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter comprising a layer of air which encases the vertical conduit section, the layer of air having a pressure above ambient. | |
| 47 | Axially connected chimney or stack sections: | ||
| This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter comprising at least two parts which are attached
together end-to-end to form the vertical conduit section.
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| 48 | EXTERIOR VAULT OR MANHOLE COVER: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a means positione |