This class is an integral part of Class 252, as shown by the
position of the box identifying this class in the Class 252 schedule.
As such, this class is subject to the Class Definition and Notes
of Class 252, except as noted in the box.
(1) STATEMENT OF CLASS SUBJECT MATTER
This class includes the following subject matter, not provided
for elsewhere, when a utility set forth below is either (a) claimed
or (b) solely disclosed.
(A) CLEANING COMPOSITIONS FOR SOLID SURFACES which are specialized
and designed for, or peculiar to, use in cleaning or removing foreign
matter from solid surfaces.
(B) AUXILIARY COMPOSITIONS, PER SE, for perfecting the cleaning
compositions of this class or for perfecting a cleaning process
(e.g. rinse- or dryer-added fabric softener compositions, etc.)
for which there is no provision elsewhere.
(C) COMPOSITIONS OF THIS CLASS DEFINED IN TERMS OF SPECIFIC
PHYSICAL STRUCTURE (E.G., TABLET, COATED PARTICLE, ETC.) - The lines
generally prevailing between the composition classes and the article
classes are applicable to Class 510 unless otherwise indicated,
with the exception that Class 510 provides for a composition, per
se, defined in terms of specific structure, having a utility for
Class 510.
(D) PACKAGES of compositions of this class, or other articles
which releasably enclose or support such compositions, for which
there is no provision elsewhere.
(E) PROCESSES OF PREPARING subject matter of A - D not provided
for elsewhere.
(2) CLASSIFICATION GUIDELINES FOR THIS CLASS
(A) In this class, the classification of a composition is based
on its primary utility as (a) a cleaning agent or (b) an auxiliary
agent for perfecting a cleaning composition or a given stage of
a cleaning process.
(1) Within category (a), above, the classification is based
on (i) the claimed or solely disclosed utility for cleaning a specific
substrate or removing a specific contaminant; or, for all-purpose
cleaning compositions, or (ii) the presence of a specified perfecting
component; (iii) the physical form of the claimed composition; (iv) the
particular process of preparing the composition; and (v) the chemical
nature of the components of the composition.
(2) Within category (b) of section A, above, the classification
is based on (i) the claimed or solely disclosed utility as a perfecting
component for a cleaning composition or as an auxiliary composition
for cleaning, with further placement according to criteria (ii),
(iii), and (v) of section A, (1), above.
(3) Within category (v) of section A (1), above, the chemical
structure of the components of a composition disclosed as having
a utility set forth in section A (1), above, is used as the primary
basis of classification. Processes of using compositions or compounds,
per se, and processes of making the compositions, not provided for elsewhere,
are classified in the first appearing subclass providing for the
particular component being employed or prepared.
(B) The rule followed in classifying a patent having separate
claims to several species of a given ingredient which fall into
different subclasses is that the patent is placed as an original
in the first appearing subclass providing for the claimed subject
matter and cross-referenced to the appropriate lower subclass(es).
Where there are one or more indents under the generic subclass and one
of the claimed species is not provided for specifically by any of
these indents the patent is placed as original in the generic subclass,
since this is the first appearing subclass providing for said individually claimed
species. In classifying a patent containing Markush type claims
(e.g., "group consisting of X and Y") and no species
claims, the original patent is placed in the first appearing subclass
providing for the species (members) in the Markush group. If, in
addition to the Markush group, there are species claims, the first
cited rule, governing a patent having separate species claims, is
followed. The same rules apply to subject matter within the meaning
of categories (i)-(iv) of section A, 1, above, by analogy with the "species" concept.
(C) Patents claiming subject matter coming within the SpecialSubclasses 101
through 107 have been classified on the basis of the claimed or
disclosed function and the chemical structure of the active component
(i.e., fragrance or aroma enhancer), and include compositions which
otherwise would fall within subclasses 108 through 537 as originals.
(D) In determining the utility of a composition recited in broad
terms (e.g., "a cleaning composition comprising," "a
fabric softener composition comprising," etc.), use is made
of the specific utility recited in any nominal method-of-use claims
to determine placement of the patent within the categories of (a)(i)
or (b)(i) of section A, above (e.g., the recitation of "a
process of defluxing a printed circuit" or "a
process of softening a fabric in the rinse cycle of an automatic
washer" would place each patent in subclasses 175+ and
521+, respectively).
(E) Mere presence of a surfactant component is insufficient
for placement of a patent in subclasses 108 through 512 of this
class, since surface-active agents are used in minor amounts as
emulsifying, suspending, dispersing, etc., agents in many other
compositions, such as bleaches, fabric softeners, etc. The placement
of such a patent is determined by the ultimate utility of the claimed
composition.
(F) A patent claiming a cleaning or auxiliary composition
without specifying its physical form has been placed as an original
in the first subclass providing for the claimed composition as if
a structureless powder were recited in the claims, and crossed into
appropriate subclasses providing for any other disclosed or exemplified
physical forms (e.g., liquid, tablet, etc.).
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
(A) GENERAL CLASS LINES
(1) COMPOUND CLASSES
a. Where a patent claims a Class 510 utility in nominal terminology
only (e.g., "A process of producing a biodegradable detergent
compound") and there are no claims to a Class 510 method
of use or a true mixture, the original has been placed with the
compound claimed.
(b) Where a patent claims a composition wherein, in addition
to a compound, (i) another ingredient is recited, however broadly,
or (ii) proportions are recited, the original has been placed in
Class 510. Some examples of claims using broad terminology and included
herewith are: "A cleaning composition comprising a surfactant
of the formula," "with a detergent builder," "A cleaning
composition comprising 1 to 5% of compound X," etc.
(2) COMPOSITION CLASSES
The rules for determining Class placement of the Original
Reference (OR) for claimed chemical compositions are set forth in
the Class Definition of Class 252 in the section LINES WITH OTHER
CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection COMPOSITION CLASS SUPERIORITY,
which includes a hierarchical ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES.
(3) PROCESS OF USE CLASSES
The following general lines exist between Class 510 and other
classes providing for cleaning processes or containing patents wherein
the claims recite a process of cleaning a solid substrate as provided
for in that class.
(a) Where a patent claims a cleaning composition and a nominal
process of using the composition, the original has been placed with
the claimed composition. Some examples of nominal terminology are: "applying
the composition and removing it [by rinsing, wiping, etc.]," "immersing
the article to be cleaned in a cleaning bath containing the composition," etc.
(b) Where a cleaning composition, per se, is not claimed or
where the claimed cleaning process involves significant process
steps in using a claimed composition, the original has been placed
with the claimed cleaning process. Examples of significant process
steps include the use of a cleaning bath or medium at a specified
non-ambient temperature, specified non-standard pretreatment and/or
after-treatment step in addition to contact with the cleaning composition,
etc.
(B) LINES WITH RELATED CLASSES
CLASS 8
(1) Class 8, Bleaching And Dyeing; Fluid Treatment And Chemical
Modification Of Textiles And Fibers, provides for processes of bleaching,
dyeing, cleaning, and laundering of textile materials. Class 8 also
provides for optical brightener or blueing agent compositions.
(2) Class 510 provides for compositions for cleaning or laundering
textile materials, and for any accompanying method of use claims
reciting the mere application of claimed composition.
(3) Class 510 provides for cleaning compositions comprising
a bleach, optical brightener, or blueing agent as a perfecting component.
CLASS 15
(1) Class 15, Brushing, Scrubbing, And General Cleaning, provides
for cleaning implements coated or impregnated with a cleaning composition.
(2) Class 510 provides for cleaning compositions enclosed
in or supported on an inactive material which merely serves to dispense
a required amount of the cleaning composition.
CLASS 51
(1) Class 51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, Or Composition,
provides for abrasive compositions, per se.
(2) Class 510 provides for cleaning compositions which include
an abrasive material as a perfecting component.
CLASS 106
(1) Class 106, Compositions: Coating Or Plastic, provides
for coating compositions which form a film of polish on the base
or prevent the formation of fog, frost, or ice thereon.
(2) Class 510 provides for cleaning compositions which include
a component which deposits a film on the cleaned surface to provide
a polished appearance or to prevent the formation of fog, frost,
or ice on the surface.
CLASS 134
(1) Class 134, Cleaning And Liquid Contact With Solids, provides
for processes of cleaning solid surfaces.
(2) Class 510 provides for compositions for cleaning solid
surfaces, as well as any accompanying method of use claims reciting
the mere application of the claimed composition.
CLASS 206
(1) Class 206, Special Receptacle Or Package, provides for
packages or containers wherein the material for the container or
content is specified.
(2) Class 510 provides for cleaning compositions or auxiliary
compositions therefor which are enclosed in a defined package or
container.
CLASS 252
(1) Class 252, Compositions, provides for compositions which
form a permanent finish on textile materials and for compositions
which enhance the appearance of consumer textile goods.
Class 510 takes textile cleaning and auxiliary compositions
therefor having a fabric softening or antistatic component or a
soil release or antisoiling component which is removed by subsequent
laundering.
(2) Class 252 provides for dust suppressing compositions for
bulk materials and for compositions for coating or impregnating
a substrate used for collecting fine solid particles by adherence.
Class 510 takes compositions which bind or suppress dust in
the course of a floor sweeping operation.
(3) Class 252 provides for water-softening or water-purifying
or scale-inhibiting agents and for optical brightening compositions.
Class 510 takes cleaning compositions for solid surfaces which
include a water-softening, scale-inhibiting or optical-brightening
component, as well as for auxiliary compositions specifically designed
for use with cleaning compositions which include a water-softening
or scale-inhibiting component (e.g., detergent builder compositions,
etc.) or an optical brightener (e.g., textile softening or antistatic
compositions containing an optical brightener, etc.).
(4) Class 252 provides for oxidative or reductive bleachant,
oxidant, reductant, and deoxidant compositions.
Class 510 takes cleaning compositions for solid surfaces and
auxiliary compositions therefor which include a chemical bleach,
oxidant, reductant, or deoxidant component.
(5) Class 252 provides for foam suppressant compositions
and for wetting, emulsifying, or colloid dispersing or stabilizing
surfactant compositions.
Class 510 takes cleaning compositions comprising a foam suppressing
component or a surfactant component, as well as auxiliary surfactant
compositions designed for use as a component in a cleaning composition.
(6) Class 252 provides for solvent compositions and mere soap
compositions having a general utility.
Class 510 takes solvent containing compositions adapted for
cleaning a solid surface as well as a cleaning composition which
comprises soap as a component or consists of soap in a physical
form suitable for direct use in cleaning (e.g., liquid, flake, bar,
etc.).
CLASS 424
(1) Class 424, Drug, Bio-affecting And Body Treating Compositions,
provides for biocidal compositions, including disinfectants or antiseptic
compositions, per se.
Class 510 takes cleaning compositions and auxiliary compositions
therefor protected against biological attack by a Class 424 composition,
or containing a biocidal or antiseptic component as a perfecting
ingredient.
(2) Class 424 provides for dentifrice compositions for oral
use.
Class 510 takes compositions for cleaning removable dentures.
(3) Class 424 provides for shaving preparations, for medicated
(e.g., antidandruff, etc.) hair shampoo compositions, and for hair
conditioning, antifly, or softening compositions, per se (e.g.,
creme rinse, etc.).
Class 510 takes nonmedicated hair shampoo compositions, as
well as shampoos comprising a conditioner, antistatic agent, or
softener as a perfecting component which restores any natural moisture
or suppleness lost in the cleaning process.
(4) Class 424 provides for medicated or emollient skin treating
compositions, per se (e.g., moisturizing cream, lotion, etc.).
Class 510 takes nonmedicated compositions for cleansing human
skin, as well as such cleansing compositions comprising an emollient
as a perfecting component which restores any natural moisture and
oils lost in the cleansing process.
CLASS 435
(1) Class 435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology And Microbiology,
provides for enzymes, per se, which are not more specifically provided
for elsewhere, and stabilized, immobilized, granular, or free-flowing
enzyme compositions, unless a Class 510 utility is recited in the claim
or is the sole utility disclosed. Class 435 also takes processes
of cleaning using an enzyme and processes of preparing the above
compositions.
(2) Class 510 takes enzyme compositions which are claimed
or solely disclosed for use as a perfecting component in a cleaning
composition, as well as cleaning compositions containing enzymes.
CLASS 514
Class 514, Drug, Bio-affecting And Body Treating Compositions,
is an integral part of Class 424 (after subclass 780) and follows
the schedule hierarchy, retaining all pertinent definitions and
class lines of Class 424.
CLASS 516
Class 516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating to: colloid
systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions, foams,
aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such as leveling,
penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions of colloid
systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed for
or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems (such
as foam suppressants); processes of making the compositions or systems
of the class; processes of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid
systems; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is
no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically
claimed art.
Class 510 takes cleaning compositions comprising a foam suppressing
component or a surfactant component, as well as auxiliary surfactant
compositions designed for use as a component in a cleaning composition.
Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers,
subclasses 137+ for processes of cleaning or laundering textile
materials; subclass 648 for optical brightening or blueing compositions
for textile materials, per se; and subclass 94.16 for hair removing
compositions and processes. See the main class definition for the
compositions classified therein.
Fuel and Related Compositions,
subclass 640 for a composition which in the presence of burning
solid fuel serves to prevent or remove deposits (e.g., soot, etc.)
from the walls of combustion apparatus.
Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for washing or cleaning processes which include use
of detergents or other cleaning compositions included in Class 510.
Compositions,
subclasses 8.61+ for durable finishes for textile materials, including
antistatic and textile softening compositions; subclasses 8.81+ for
textile processing aid compositions, such as lubricants; subclass
8.91 for consumer-goods appearance enhancing compositions, such
as antistatic sprays; subclasses 79.1+ for etching or brightening
acidic or alkaline compositions; subclasses 88.1 and 88.2 for dust
or particle adherent compositions; subclasses 175+ for
water softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting agents which are
not specifically adapted for use as detergent builders; subclasses
181.1+ for getter and gas or vapor generating compositions
for electric lamps, electric space discharge devices, and other
evacuated or gas or vapor filled containers; and subclass 367.1
for mere soap compositions not adapted for direct use as cleaning agents.
Coating Implements With Material Supply, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclasses 196+ , 261+, and 268+, for a coating
implement with material supply, used for cleaning.
Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,
subclasses 49+ for an oral dentifrice, subclasses 70.1+ for
a live hair treating composition other than a shampoo (e.g., a hair
conditioner, etc.), subclasses 43+ and 73 for a shaving
preparation, and subclass 78.04 for an ophthalmic preparation (e.g.,
for preserving a contact lens).
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and
designed for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid
systems; compositions and subcombination compositions specialized
and designed for or peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting
colloid systems (such as foam suppressants); processes of making
the compositions or systems of the class; processes of breaking
(resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance, when
generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
SECTION IV - GLOSSARY
Note. The meaning to be given the various "art" terms appearing
in this class, which have not been included in the GLOSSARY below,
is the same as that generally accepted or in common usage. However,
certain terms employed in this class (510), which are included below, have
been assigned definitions tailored to meet the needs of this class
and therefore these may be more restricted or less limited or even
altogether different from those in common usage. Their use in any
particular subclass is to be consistent with the meaning in this Glossary.
See the glossary in Class 532 for definitions of other chemical
terms used in this Class.
ANIONIC SUBSTITUENT
Denotes that portion of an organic compound which is negatively
charged in an aqueous solution at a neutral pH (i.e., pH=7)
and is attached to the portion of the molecule of higher molecular
weight by covalent bonding. Examples of common anionic substituents
include carboxyl, sulfate, or phosphate monoester or sulfonate groups,
as well as their salts, including betaines.
CARBOXAMIDO
Denotes a substituent wherein a trivalent nitrogen atom is
single bonded to a carbonyl (-C(=O)-) group.
CARBOXYL (Carboxylic Acid)
Denotes the presence of a -C(=O)OH group.
CATIONIC SUBSTITUENT
Denotes that portion of an organic compound which is positively
charged in an aqueous solution at a neutral pH (i.e., pH=7)
and is attached to the portion of the molecule of higher molecular
weight by covalent bonding. Examples of common cationic substituents
include primary, secondary, or tertiary amino groups, as well as quaternary
ammonium substituents.
CORROSION (See METAL CORROSION)
CREAM
Denotes a thick, usually opaque, emulsion having little or
no tendency to flow.
GEL
Denotes a colloidal solution of liquid in solid having
a thick consistency with little or no tendency to flow.
HETEROCYCLIC
Denotes an organic compound wherein one or more carbon
atoms are covalently bonded in a ring system with at least one hetero
atom of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, selenium, or tellurium and having
no other atoms in the ring.
HIGHER FATTY ACID
Denotes a monocarboxylic acid having an acyclic chain of
at least seven uninterrupted carbons attached directly to the carboxyl
carbon by covalent bonding.
LIGNIN
Denotes a material usually derived during paper pulp manufacture
by separation of the cellulose from wood. Lignin is considered to
be the binder for cellulose in wood. Lignin includes crude mixtures
of lignose, lignone, and lignin. Lignin, per se, is a complex structure
having some aromatic rings and phenolic groups.
LIQUID
Denotes a shapeless, fluid composition of high incompressibility.
Included herein are pumpable or flowable slurries or suspensions.
MACROSCOPIC
Denotes a shape discernible by the naked eye.
METAL CORROSION
For purposes of this class, the term denotes impairment or
deterioration of a metal surface, such as erosion, embrittlement,
tarnishing, or discoloration, usually by chemical action.
NONIONIC COMPOUND
Denotes an organic compound devoid of cationic or anionic
substituents and thus lacking any ionic charge at a neutral pH (i.e.,
pH=7).
ORGANIC
Denotes compounds containing carbon which are further
characterized by the presence in a molecule thereof of two carbon
atoms bonded together, or one atom of carbon bonded to at least
one atom of hydrogen or halogen, or one atom of carbon bonded to
at least one atom of nitrogen by a single or double bond.
(1)
Note. Compounds included within this definition, but not considered
organic for purposes of this class are hydrocyanic acid, cyanogen,
isocyanic acid, cyanamide, dicyanamide, cyanogen halides, isothiocyanic acid,
fulminic acid, and metal carbides.
SOAP
Denotes a water-soluble alkali metal (Li, Na, K, Rb,
or Cs), ammonium or organic base salt (e.g., phosphonium, substituted
ammonium, etc.) of an unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted, saturated
or unsaturated, higher fatty acid, or of rosin (abietic) acid, or
of mixtures of any of these acids.
SULFOXY
Denotes a substituent having at least one oxygen atom double
bonded to a tetravalent or hexavalent sulfur atom.
SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENT (Surfactant)
Denotes an organic compound which alters (usually reduces)
the surface tension of a liquid, thus facilitating cleaning. Surface-active
agents are commonly referred to as surfactants, emulsifiers, wetting
agents, or simply detergents, as distinct from detergent compositions which include additional
components, such as detergency builders or other cleaning auxiliaries.
A surfactant molecule contains a hydrophobic (water-repelling) portion
which is frequently an alkyl radical having a straight chain of
eight or more carbons, and a hydrophilic (water-attracting) portion.
For purposes of this class, the broad categories of surfactants
are based on the nature of the hydrophilic portion of the molecule.
(1)
Note. An anionic (anion-active) surfactant, referred to in
the schedule as "anionically substituted," includes
a hydrophilic portion which is most commonly a water-soluble salt
of a carboxylic or sulfonic acid, or of a long-chain alcohol ester
of sulfuric, phosphoric, or phosphonic acid (e.g., sodium higher
alkyl sulfonate, etc.).
(2)
Note. A cationic (cation-active) surfactant includes a hydrophilic
portion which is a cation (i.e., positively charged ion), such as an
ammonium or quaternary ammonium salt, having a long-chain alkyl
substituent (e.g., higher-alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, etc.).
(3)
Note. A nonionic surfactant includes a hydrophilic portion
which commonly is a poly(ethylene oxide) moiety (i.e., polyether chain)
attached to a hydrophobic portion which may be nonpolar or have
a lower degree of polarity than the hydrophilic part, such as poly(propylene
oxide), higher alkyl, etc.
(4)
Note. A zwitterionic, amphoteric, or ampholytic surfactant
includes both an anionic and a cationic portion connected by a covalent
bond, usually indirect (e.g., betaines, amino acids, etc.).
(5)
Note. Semipolar nonionic surfactants include water-soluble
amine and phosphine oxides and sulfoxides.
(6)
Note. Soap, for purposes of this class, is an alkali metal,
ammonium or organic base salt of an unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted,
saturated or unsaturated higher fatty acid, or of rosin (abietic)
acid, or of mixtures of any of these acids. These salts are water-soluble
and are considered to be anionic surfactants.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which include a feature inherent in the composition,
per se, rather than in the packaging, alerting the user to the presence
of a hazardous material or to completion of a cleaning process or
stage thereof.
(1)
Note. Included among such features are, for example, color
or odor change responsive to pH, concentration, presence of toxic
materials, completion of the cleaning process, etc.
WITH OXYGEN, HALOGEN, SULFUR, OR NITROGEN CONTAINING OR
ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPONENT WHICH IS A FRAGRANCE OR AROMA
ENHANCER (E.G., PERFUME, ORGANOLEPTIC MATERIAL, ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which include a specific component which functions
as a fragrance or aroma enhancer and contains oxygen, halogen, sulfur,
nitrogen, or ethylenic unsaturation.
(1)
Note. Compositions merely reciting a perfume or odorant component,
without specifying any of its chemical constituents, are excluded
from this and indented subclasses for placement as originals.
(2)
Note. This subclass is generic to both cleaning and auxiliary
compositions for cleaning which contain a specific fragrance or
aroma enhancing component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Compositions wherein the specific fragrance or aroma enhancer
component includes a system of two or more rings wherein two of
the rings share at least two carbon atoms with each other.
(1)
Note. Examples of such systems are bridged, orthofused, etc.,
polycyclo ring systems.
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Compositions wherein the polycyclo ring system includes
an acyclic carbonyl containing substituent which is attached to
the system by direct or indirect nonionic bonding.
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Compositions wherein the specific fragrance or aroma enhancer
component carries a carboxylic or thiocarboxylic ester substituent.
(1)
Note. A thiocarboxylic ester function is an analog of a carboxylic
ester wherein at least one oxygen of the -C(=O)O- group
is replaced by sulfur.
CLEANING COMPOSITIONS OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING (E.G.,
SODIUM BISULFATE COMPONENT, ETC.)
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
use in cleaning or removing foreign matter from solid surfaces,
or processes of preparing such compositions.
(1)
Note. This is a generic subclass for all cleaning compositions,
whether of all-purpose utility or tailor-made for cleaning a particular
substrate or removing a single contaminant, as well as for processes
of preparing the compositions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions specialized and designed for, or peculiar to,
cleaning a specifically identified substrate or removing a specifically
identified contaminant.
(1)
Note. Terms such as "hard surface" or "general
household" cleaner are not considered to be specific for
the purpose of placement of patents in this and indented subclasses.
(2)
Note. For purposes of this and indented subclasses, the specifically
identified substituent or contaminant must be either recited in
the claims or must be solely disclosed.
(3)
Note. For purposes of this and indented subclasses, the "contaminant" may
constitute a material which no longer serves a useful function,
such as old paint or photoresist material following exposure, or
is deemed undesirable for personal reasons, such as fingernail polish.
Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,
subclass 78.04 for ophthalmic preparations used for disinfecting,
sterilizing, or preserving contact lenses.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid
phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses
77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed
in aqueous continuous liquid phase (e.g., suspensions); or agents
for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Compositions which include an enzyme component the activity
or source of which is explicitly stated.
(1)
Note. For placement in this subclass, the activity (e.g.,
protease, etc.) or source (e.g., of bacterial origin, etc.) of the enzyme
component must be recited in the claims.
(2)
Note. Compositions merely reciting an "enzyme" are
excluded from placement in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Compositions which include a water-soluble component which
is a peroxy compound, a silicone resin, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Compositions which generate a gas in the course of cleaning.
(1)
Note. The gas may facilitate cleaning merely by agitation
of the cleaning solution (e.g., carbon dioxide, etc.), by oxidation
or bleaching action (e.g., nascent oxygen, etc.), or both.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning live human scalp hair,
scalp, or natural or synthetic wigs.
(1)
Note. This subclass and its indents includes shampoos which
contain a nonmedicated hair conditioning, antistatic, softening,
etc., component but have cleaning as their primary function.
(2)
Note. Included herein are shampoo compositions designed to
remove dandruff flakes but devoid of any biocidal component for
treating the underlying cause.
Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,
subclasses 70.1+ for hair conditioning or rinse compositions devoid
of any cleaning function and subclasses 43+ and 73 for
all shaving preparations regardless of any soap or detergent content.
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Compositions in the form of a package or of a solid, or
which are dispensed by the release of pressurized gas.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g.,
smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or
making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC
for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Compositions which include an amine oxide, quaternary, or
zwitterion nitrogen component which is different from the component
of subclass 123.
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Compositions which additionally include an organic component
containing a covalently bonded sulfoxy substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Compositions which include a component having both a (-C(=O)N=)
substituent and an alkanol, carboxyl (-C(=O)OH), or alkylamino substituent
in a single compound, or salt of the component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Compositions which additionally include a component which
is urea (HHNC(=O)NHH, wherein substitution can be made
for hydrogen only), or a component which has a polyoxyalkylene radical
and is devoid of any covalently bonded anionic substituents.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Compositions which include an antiseptic, biocidal, or deodorizing
component which contains halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, or phosphorus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Compositions which are specialized for use as surgical scrub
(e.g., cleaning and disinfecting hands, arms, etc., prior to or
subsequent to performing surgery, etc.).
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Compositions specialized for facilitating the removal of
a material that is attached to the skin by means of an adhesive.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 10+ for foam colloid systems or agents for such systems
or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Compositions specialized for removing makeup from human
skin (e.g. removing mascara, pancake makeup, etc.).
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Compositions specialized for use on a particular area of
the human body.
(1)
Note. Terms such as "personal cleaning composition" are
not considered to be specific for the purpose of placement of patents
in this and indented subclasses, since they also read on shampoos,
etc.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid
phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses
77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed
in aqueous continuous liquid phase (e.g., suspensions); or agents
for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Compositions which are enclosed in a package, casing, or
receptacle which is removed prior to or in the process of cleaning,
or which are packaged in an aerosol dispenser.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g.,
smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or
making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC
for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Articles to the exterior of which is integrally attached
a casing or coating which is not removed prior to or during use
of the article.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Articles which float on water or are capable of returning
to their initial form after deformation or are capable of being
shaped by manual pressure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Articles the surface of which has one or more discrete indentations
or protuberances.
(1)
Note. The purpose of the irregular (e.g., concave or convex)
surface is to form an ornamental design, facilitate handling of the
article, hold the residue of a used detergent bar, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Articles which are adapted to fit a dispenser which produces
small particles of the composition, such as flakes or shavings,
by mechanical action.
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Articles which also include a specific component which disperses
water-insoluble salts formed from soap in water which has a high content
of minerals, such as calcium or magnesium salts.
(1)
Note. The presence of a lime-soap dispersant prevents the
formation of scum (e.g., bathtub ring) in the washing equipment,
facilitates lathering, and prevents waste of the soap component.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 9+ for continuous liquid phase colloid systems (e.g., foams,
emulsions, suspensions, dispersions), subclasses 98+ for
colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with
discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates) or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning instruments or equipment
used in the practice of medicine or dentistry, and in their supporting professions,
such as analytical laboratories.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning semipermeable membranes,
ion-exchange resins, or equipment used in conjunction therewith.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning optical mirrors, optical
lenses, or molds used for casting the mirrors or lenses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning equipment used in
electrophotography, such as xerography, or various parts of the
equipment.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning magnetic tapes or
disks, magnetic recorder or playback heads, or drive assemblies
therefor.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning photos:graphic film
or equipment used in processing the film to produce finished photographs.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning equipment used in
ink recording or ink printing, or molds used for producing such
equipment.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning printed or integrated
electrical circuits or semiconductor devices, such as computer chips.
This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Compositions specialized for stripping photoresist material.
(1)
Note. This subclass is intended to encompass compositions
used to remove photoresist material used in manufacturing printed
circuits, once the resist material has fulfilled its function.
This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Liquid compositions which are substantially constant boiling
and which approximate or duplicate the behavior of a single-substance solvent
at a given temperature.
(1)
Note. The distillates of azeotropes have the same composition
as the original mixture.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning glass equipment used
in various laboratories or in pharmacies or the pharmaceutical industry.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning equipment used in
processing or conveying gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon materials
or synthetic resins.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning the interior of a
mechanical garbage disposal unit or of an automatic dishwasher.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for removing food residues, which
have been degraded (e.g., charred, carbonized, etc.) by heat, from
solid surfaces which are usually inorganic.
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Compositions which are dispensed by the release of pressurized
gas, or packages enclosing such compositions (e.g., aerosol containers).
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g.,
smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or
making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC
for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for producing a clean surface by
the removal of an adhesive agent, or of adhesively attached material,
from a substrate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for accomplishing or facilitating
the removal of an organic protective or ornamental coating, sealant,
or finish from a substrate to which it is integrally attached.
(1)
Note. Many of these compositions function by loosening the
coating, thus facilitating its removal by peeling, rinsing, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Compositions in the form of a concentrated composition which
is compatible with water with which it is mixed prior to use or
aqueous mixtures of such compositions in the form of solutions,
dispersions, etc.
(1)
Note. Prior to mixing with water, the composition may be in
the form of a solid or a liquid concentrate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Compositions which additionally include a natural or synthetic
hydrocarbon or ester wax component, such as paraffin, carnauba wax, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Compositions which additionally include a metal hydroxide
component or a wax component which is a natural or synthetic hydrocarbon
or ester wax.
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Compositions which additionally include a component which
is a carboxylic acid, a phenol, or a salt of any of these components.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Compositions which include a component which is an amine
or carboxamide or is a hydroxide or alkoxide of a metal.
This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Compositions specialized for facilitating sweeping of uncarpeted
floors by reducing the amount of dust that becomes airborne.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 113+ for compositions for or subcombination compositions
for or breaking of or inhibiting of colloid systems (e.g., smoke
or dust suppressing), when generically claimed or when there is no
hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically
claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning equipment used in
processing, handling, storing, or serving food and beverages.
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Compositions specialized exclusively for cleaning equipment
or containers made of glass or synthetic resin.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 9+ for continuous liquid phase colloid systems (e.g., foams,
emulsions, suspensions, dispersions), subclasses 98+ for
colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with
discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Compositions which include an organic component which has
a phosphorus or silicon containing substituent, or which is a natural
or synthetic hydrocarbon or ester wax.
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Compositions which include a component having plural carboxyl
substituents attached to one another by direct or indirect nonionic
bonding, or a salt of such a component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Compositions which include an enzyme component the activity
or source of which is explicitly stated.
(1)
Note. For purposes of this subclass, the activity (e.g., protease,
etc.) or source (e.g., of bacterial origin, etc.) of the enzyme
component must be recited in the claims.
(2)
Note. Compositions merely reciting an "enzyme" are
excluded from placement in this subclass as originals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Compositions which additionally include a component, other
than an alkali metal silicate, which serves to protect the glaze
on such articles as china, or prevents damage, such as etching,
to glassware.
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Compositions which include an organic component having a
phosphorus, silicon, or covalently bonded sulfoxy containing substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Compositions which include a component having plural carboxyl
substituents attached to one another by direct or indirect nonionic
bonding, or a salt of such a component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Compositions which include a component which is a hydroxide,
carbonate, bicarbonate, or sesquicarbonate of an alkali metal (Li,
Na, K, Rb, or Cs).
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Compositions which contain a component which is an abrasive,
a protein, or is an organic compound having a phosphorus containing substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Compositions which include a component which contains nitrogen
and is a carboxamide, amine oxide, a heterocyclic compound, quaternary
ammonium salt, or a zwitterion, such as betaine or sultaine.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning a substrate carrying
a baked-on vitreous coating on its surface, or for cleaning acoustic
materials, such as porous tile, fabric, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for removing dirt from a surface
which carries a protective or ornamental coating or finish or has
a covering which is attached to it by an adhesive.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 9+ for continuous liquid phase colloid systems (e.g., foams,
emulsions, suspensions, dispersions), subclasses 98+ for
colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with
discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning a substrate made of
synthetic resin, rubber, or fiberglass which is other than a textile.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning a metal surface which
does not carry a permanent finish or coating.
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Compositions specialized for removing scale which forms
on the inner surface of equipment which in use remains in contact
with water.
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Compositions which include a component which is tannin,
whole animal or plant material, or a crude extract of such material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Compositions which additionally include a component which
is a vegetable oil, a hydrocarbon, a fat, or substituted or unsubstituted phenol.
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Compositions which additionally include a component which
is a hydroxide, carbonate, or bicarbonate of an alkali metal (Li,
Na, K, Rb, or Cs).
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Compositions specialized for cleaning the surface of a metal
or alloy which is other than iron or iron alloy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Compositions which include a component which inhibits corrosion
of the surface being cleaned or stabilizes a solvent.
(1)
Note. The stabilized solvent is usually a halogenated hydrocarbon
which is stabilized against metal-catalyzed decomposition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Compositions which include a component which is a halogenated
hydrocarbon, an abrasive, or is a coating agent or nonabrasive polishing
agent, such as chalk.
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Compositions which include a component which inhibits corrosion
or embrittlement of the surface being cleaned, or stabilizes a solvent.
(1)
Note. The stabilized solvent is usually a halogenated hydrocarbon
which is stabilized against metal-catalyzed decomposition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Compositions wherein the corrosion or embrittlement inhibiting
component is a quaternary ammonium salt or contains a heavy metal
compound (i.e., metal having a specific gravity of at least 4).
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Compositions wherein the corrosion or embrittlement inhibiting
component is an organic compound containing a sulfonium substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Compositions wherein the corrosion or embrittlement inhibiting
component is an organic compound containing divalent sulfur.
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Compositions wherein the corrosion or embrittlement inhibiting
component is an organic compound which contains nitrogen.
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Compositions which include at least one additional corrosion
or embrittlement inhibiting or solvent stabilizing component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Compositions wherein the corrosion or embrittlement inhibiting
component contains an ethylenically or acetylenically unsaturated substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Compositions which include a component which is an abrasive
or is a nonabrasive polishing agent, such as chalk.
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Compositions which additionally include a component containing
a heavy metal (i.e., metal having a specific gravity of at least
4).
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Compositions which additionally include an organic solvent
component which is a hydrocarbon or includes a halogen or oxygen
containing substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for cleaning a textile material
which is either in the form of a fabric, finished article, such
as a garment, or in the form of textile fiber, such as wool, or
intermediate product, such as yarn.
Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers,
subclasses 137+ for processes of cleaning or laundering textile
materials.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions wherein two or more different cleaning compositions
or different components thereof, or an auxiliary composition for
cleaning and a cleaning composition, each of which is individually
packaged or enclosed, are present in a single container or package
for convenience in use.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions specialized for cleaning a pile fabric or upholstery
material, such as installed carpeting or upholstered furniture.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g.,
smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or
making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC
for the specifically claimed art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 9+ for continuous liquid phase colloid systems (e.g., foams,
emulsions, suspensions, dispersions), subclasses 98+ for
colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with
discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions specialized for removing localized stains other
than merely in the course of a laundering or dry-cleaning operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Compositions the use of which for localized stain removal
precedes dry cleaning of the entire textile article.
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Compositions the use of which for the removal of localized
stains precedes laundering of the entire textile article.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions specialized for overall cleaning of textile
materials by use of liquid compositions which are totally or nearly
totally free of water.
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Compositions which additionally contain a chemical bleach
or oxidant, or an antiseptic or biocidal component which contains
halogen, oxygen, or nitrogen in its molecule.
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Compositions which additionally include a component which
inhibits corrosion of metal which comes in contact with the composition or
which is a textile treating agent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Compositions which include a surfactant which is free of
any covalently bonded anionic substituent and contains a polyoxyalkylene
group.
(1)
Note. See class definitions for further information on surfactants.
(2)
Note. Included herein are, for example, polyethoxylated lauryl
alcohol or lauryl amine.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions in the form of an article which holds or comprises
an amount of the composition sufficient for more than one cleaning
operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 295. Compositions wherein the premeasured dose is contained in
an enclosure at least part of which comprises a material which loses
its physical integrity upon immersion in water (e.g., polyvinyl
alcohol, etc.).
This subclass is indented under subclass 295. Compositions wherein the premeasured dose is contained in
a pouchlike enclosure made of water-insoluble material, which may,
however, be water-permeable so that the cleaning composition can
be dispersed or dissolved in water.
This subclass is indented under subclass 295. Compositions wherein the premeasured dose is in the form
of a unitary solid article possessing particular macroscopic shape.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include a component which
either retards resoiling of an article laundered therewith or facilitates
the removal of newly accumulated soil in a subsequent laundering
operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Compositions which additionally include an enzyme component
the activity or source of which is explicitly stated.
(1)
Note. For purposes of this subclass, the activity (e.g., protease,
etc.) or source (e.g., of bacterial origin, etc.) of the enzyme
component must be recited in the claims.
(2)
Note. Compositions merely reciting an "enzyme" are
excluded from this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include a specific component
which is a photoactivator or possesses a photobleaching function
(i.e., requiring the presence of light).
(1)
Note. Such compositions are primarily designed for operations
wherein the laundered articles are line-dried, preferably outdoors.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include a chemical bleach
or oxidant component which contains oxygen or halogen.
(1)
Note. A chemical bleach may be an oxidizing agent (e.g., chlorine,
inorganic peroxide, etc.) or a reducing agent, such as sodium hydrogen
sulfite, sulfur dioxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Compositions which additionally include an enzyme component
the activity or source of which is explicitly stated.
(1)
Note. For purpose of this and indented subclasses, the activity
(e.g., protease, etc.) or source (e.g., of bacterial origin, etc.)
of the enzyme component must be recited in the claims.
(2)
Note. Compositions merely reciting an "enzyme" are
excluded from this and indented subclasses.
This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Compositions wherein the component is a proteolytic enzyme
(i.e., an enzyme which decomposes protein-containing contaminants,
thus facilitating their removal).
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Compositions which additionally include a component containing
oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur which fluoresces and imparts a brighter, less
dingy (e.g., white or bluish) hue to the laundered article.
(1)
Note. Optical brighteners are also referred to as optical
bleaches, which are distinct from chemical bleaches.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Compositions which additionally include a component which
contains oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur, and which reduces the amount
of static in, or imparts a softer feel or hand to, articles laundered
therewith.
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Compositions wherein the chemical bleach or oxidant component
contains a peroxy substituent (i.e., -O-O-).
This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Compositions wherein the peroxy component contains a percarboxylic
acid substituent (-C(=O)-O-OH) or a salt of such
an acid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Compositions which additionally include a heavy metal containing
component (i.e., metal having a specific gravity of at least 4)
which accelerates or facilitates the bleaching action, especially
when washing at lower temperatures.
This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Compositions which additionally include a nitrogen or oxygen
containing component which acts as a precursor or activator for
the peroxy bleach component by increasing its bleaching capacity,
especially at lower washing temperatures.
(1)
Note. The activator component may act as a percarboxylic acid
or salt bleach precursor, such acid or salt being formed in the
presence of an inorganic peroxide.
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Compositions wherein a carbonyl group is single bonded directly
to the nitrogen atom of the activator or precursor component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Compositions wherein the activator or precursor component
contains nitrogen which is bonded to carbon by a double or triple
bond.
This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Compositions which additionally include a component having
a suds regulating function or which is the salt of an alkaline earth
metal (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba) with an inorganic acid.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 113+ for compositions for or subcombination compositions
for or breaking of or inhibiting of colloid systems (e.g., foam
breaking or inhibiting), when generically claimed or when there
is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically
claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Compositions which additionally include a component having
plural carboxyl substituents attached to one another by direct or
indirect nonionic bonding, or a salt or acid anhydride of such a
component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include an antiseptic or
biocidal component which contains halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, or
phosphorus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include an enzyme component
the activity or source of which is explicitly stated.
(1)
Note. For purposes of this and indented subclasses, the activity
(e.g., protease, etc.) or source (e.g., of bacterial origin, etc.)
of the enzyme component must be recited in the claims.
(2)
Note. Compositions merely reciting an "enzyme" are
excluded from placement in this and indented subclasses as originals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Compositions which additionally include a component which
contains oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur and which eliminates or reduces
static electrical charge on, or imparts a softer feel or hand to,
articles treated therewith in the course of laundering.
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Compositions which include an aluminosilicate component,
such as an alkali metal salt of an inorganic aluminosilicate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include a component containing
oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur which fluoresces and imparts a brighter, less
dingy (e.g., white or bluish) hue to the laundered article.
(1)
Note. Optical brighteners are also referred to as optical
bleaches, which are distinct from chemical bleaches.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include a component which
contains oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur and which eliminates or reduces
static electrical charge on, or imparts a softer feel or hand to,
articles treated therewith in the course of laundering.
This subclass is indented under subclass 328. Compositions which include a fabric softener or antistatic
component which contains a quaternary nitrogen or phosphorus or
a heterocyclic nitrogen substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Compositions which include a fabric softener or antistatic
component which contains a quaternary nitrogen or phosphorus or
a heterocyclic nitrogen substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Compositions which include a component which is a nonionic
surfactant that contains oxygen, or which is polyacrylamide.
(1)
Note. A nonionic surfactant is devoid of any anionic or cationic
substituents.
(2)
Note. See class definitions for further details on surfactants.
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Compositions wherein the textile softener or antistatic
component contains nitrogen which is single bonded to more than
one carbon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which additionally include a component which
prevents the corrosion, such as tarnishing or discoloration, of
metal or vitreous enamel laundering equipment which comes into contact
with the cleaning agent, said component being other than an inorganic
silicate salt.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 9+ for continuous liquid phase colloid systems (e.g., foams,
emulsions, suspensions, dispersions), subclasses 98+ for
colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with
discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid
phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses
77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed
in aqueous continuous liquid phase (e.g., slurry, suspension); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or
agents; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there
is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed
art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Compositions which include a component which is a hydroxide
or borate of an alkali metal (Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs), or which is
whole animal or plant material, or a crude extract of such material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Compositions wherein at least one organic surfactant is
devoid of any covalently bonded anionic substituents and contains
nitrogen.
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Compositions which include a component which is a color-imparting
substance, a soap or a silicon containing organic compound.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a component which is whole animal
or plant material, or a crude extract of such material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a component which is an alkali
metal salt of an oxygen containing inorganic acid of boron, generically known
as borates.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include an organic component which contains
a sulfonium or phosphonium substituent or contains a covalently bonded
sulfoxy substituent which does not form an anion in an aqueous solution
at a neutral pH.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include an organic component which has
a silicon containing substituent, or which is a phosphate ester
or a natural or synthetic hydrocarbon or ester wax.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a component which is titanium
dioxide or is an inorganic salt of an alkaline earth metal (Be,
Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba).
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which are physically heterogeneous and include
as one of the components a particle which is coated, encapsulated,
or impregnated with a diverse material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a mixture of a surfactant other
than soap with a diverse surfactant which is devoid of any covalently
bonded anionic substituents and contains nitrogen.
(1)
Note. Included herein, for example, are mixtures of higher
fatty acid amides, such as di(hydroxyethyl) lauramide, with sodium
sulfonates, such as dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a mixture of a surfactant other
than soap with a diverse surfactant which includes at least one
covalently bonded anionic substituent and contains sulfur.
(1)
Note. Included herein, for example, are mixtures of sodium
sulfonates, such as dodecyl benzene sulfonate, with polyethoxylated
alcohols, such as lauryl alcohol.
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Compositions which include more than one surfactant each
of which contains sulfur and at least one anionic substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a component which is a higher
fatty acid or its salt or a higher fatty acid ester of glycerine.
This subclass is indented under subclass 353. Compositions which additionally include a component which
disperses water-insoluble salts which are formed from soap in water
having a high content of minerals, such as calcium or magnesium
salts.
(1)
Note. See (1) Note under subclass 154 for effects produced
by the dispersant.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a surfactant which is free of
covalently bonded anionic substituents and contains oxygen.
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Compositions which additionally include a component which
is a fatty alcohol containing a straight chain of at least eight
carbons.
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Compositions which additionally include an inorganic component
which contains phosphorus (e.g., builder salt, etc.).
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a component which contains a
poly(oxyalkylene) substituent or more than one carboxamido substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Compositions which include a component which contains more
than one carboxyl group attached to one another by direct or indirect nonionic
bonding, or an acid anhydride or salt of the component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for removing deposits of water-insoluble
salts of higher fatty acids or for removing combustion residues,
such as carbon, from a solid surface.
(1)
Note. The scum or curd residues are formed primarily by alkaline
earth metal salts of fatty acids, and are also referred to as lime
soaps.
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Compositions specialized for removing from a solid surface
stains or marks caused by an iron, aluminum, or protein containing
substance.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 198+ for wetting agents (e.g., spreading, penetrating,
leveling) or methods of making such agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 198+ for wetting agents (e.g., spreading, penetrating,
leveling) or methods of making such agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which additionally include a chemical bleach
or oxidant component which contains oxygen or halogen.
(1)
Note. A chemical bleach may be an oxidizing agent (e.g., chlorine,
inorganic peroxide, etc.) or a reducing agent, such as sodium hydrogen
sulfite, sulfur dioxide, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Compositions which additionally include a component which
facilitates cleaning by exerting a scrubbing or scouring action.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid
phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses
77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed
in aqueous continuous liquid phase (e.g., slurry, suspension); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or
agents; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there
is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed
art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid
phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses
77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed
in aqueous continuous liquid phase (e.g., slurry, suspension); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or
agents; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there
is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed
art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Compositions including a component which is a color-imparting
substance, an amine or phosphine oxide, or contains a sulfoxy substituent which
does not form an anion in an aqueous solution at a neutral pH.
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Compositions which additionally include an enzyme component
the activity or source of which is explicitly stated.
(1)
Note. For purpose of this subclass, the activity (e.g., protease,
etc.) or source (e.g., of bacterial origin, etc.) of the enzyme
component must be recited in the claims.
(2)
Note. Compositions merely reciting an "enzyme" are
excluded from this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Compositions which additionally contain a component which
contains a heavy metal, nitrogen, or oxygen and functions as an
activator, catalyst, or precursor for the peroxy component.
(1)
Note. See the definition for subclass 311 for details on the
heavy metal containing catalyst or activator.
(2)
Note. See the definition for subclass 312 for details on the
bleach activator component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Compositions which include an aluminosilicate component,
such as an alkali metal salt of an inorganic aluminosilicate, or
which is soap.
(1)
Note. An example of the aluminosilicate salt is a natural
or synthetic zeolite.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which include an antiseptic or biocidal component
which contains halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, or phosphorus.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 389. Compositions wherein the antiseptic or biocidal component
is a compound which contains a heavy metal (i.e., having a specific
gravity of at least 4), a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring,
or an organic phosphorus-containing substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Compositions wherein the antiseptic or biocidal component
contains iodine or a quaternary ammonium or sulfonium substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which include an enzyme component the activity
or source of which is explicitly stated.
(1)
Note. For purposes of this and indented subclasses, the activity
(e.g., protease, etc.) or source (e.g., of bacterial origin, etc.)
of the enzyme component must be recited in the claims.
(2)
Note. Compositions merely reciting an "enzyme" are
excluded from placement in this and the indented subclass as originals.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which additionally include a component containing
oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur which absorbs ultraviolet radiation,
or which fluoresces and imparts a brighter, less dingy (e.g., white
or bluish) hue to a substrate, or which eliminates or reduces static
electrical charge on the cleaned substrate, or imparts a softer
feel to fibrous articles treated therewith in the course of cleaning.
(1)
Note. Optical brighteners are also referred to as optical
bleaches, which are distinct from chemical bleaches.
(2)
Note. The optical brightener may be present to improve the
appearance of the cleaning composition, per se, rather than brightening
the substrate cleaned therewith.
(3)
Note. The fibrous articles which are softened herein are generic
in nature and include non-textile fibers, such as hair, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which additionally include a component which
facilitates cleaning by exerting a scrubbing or scouring action.
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Compositions which are in the form of a cream, paste, gel,
solid article possessing particular macroscopic physical shape,
other than mere granules, or are in the form of a composition which
is dispensed by the release of pressurized gas.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid
phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses
77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed
in aqueous continuous liquid phase (e.g., slurry, suspension); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or
agents; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there
is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed
art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 397. Compositions which include a component which contains plural
carboxyl groups attached to one another by direct or indirect nonionic bonding,
or an acid anhydride, salt, or ester of the component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which additionally include a component which
(a) retards resoiling of a surface cleaned therewith or (b) facilitates
the removal of newly accumulated soil in a subsequent cleaning operation
or (c) forms a coating on a surface cleaned therewith or (d) is
a nonabrasive polishing agent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which additionally include a component which
inhibits the corrosion of metal which comes into contact with the
cleaning composition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Compositions wherein the metal-corrosion inhibiting component
is an organic compound which includes a sulfur or nitrogen containing substituent.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous
solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs,
coagulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing
such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is
no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically
claimed art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 98+ for colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous
solid phase with discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs,
coagulates) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing
such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is
no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically
claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which are enclosed in a package or container
or are dispensed by the release of pressurized gas.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 1+ for continuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g.,
smoke, fog, aerosol, cloud, mist) or agents for such systems or
making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC
for the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Compositions which are substantially constant boiling, and
which approximate or duplicate the behavior of a single-substance
solvent at a given temperature.
(1)
Note. The distillates of azeotropes have the same composition
as the original mixture.
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Compositions which include a surfactant which is free of
any covalently bonded anionic substituents and contains a polyoxyalkylene group.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which are substantially constant boiling and
which approximate or duplicate the behavior of a single-substance
solvent at a given temperature.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 9+ for continuous liquid phase colloid systems (e.g., foams,
emulsions, suspensions, dispersions) or agents for such systems or
making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or
when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid
phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses
77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed
in aqueous continuous liquid phase (e.g., slurry, suspension); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or
agents; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there
is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed
art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which include a component which is an alkali
metal or ammonium salt of a boron and oxygen containing inorganic
acid, or is a crude extract of whole plant or animal material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which include a surfactant which is free of
any covalently bonded anionic substituents and contains a polyoxyalkylene
moiety.
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Compositions wherein at least one organic surfactant contains
nitrogen or phosphorus and is free of covalently bonded anionic
substituents.
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Compositions which include a surfactant which contains sulfur
and a covalently bonded anionic substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Compositions which additionally include a component which
is soap or a different surfactant which contains sulfur.
(1)
Note. See class definitions for details on what constitutes
soap.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which include a surfactant which contains sulfur
and a covalently bonded anionic substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Compositions which include at least two distinct surfactants
each of which contains sulfur and a covalently bonded anionic substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Compositions wherein the anionically substituted surfactants
include a sulfonate and a sulfate monoester.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which include an organic surfactant which contains
nitrogen and is free of any covalently bonded anionic substituents.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which include a component which contains plural
carboxyl groups attached to one another by direct or indirect nonionic bonding,
or an acid anhydride or salt of the component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Compositions which include a component which is ammonia
or is a hydroxide or carbonate of an alkali metal (Li, Na, K, Rb,
or Cs).
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions in the form of a particulate heterogeneous
arrangement of two or more components which differ from each other
chemically or physically.
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Arrangements which are in the form of a package or of a
premeasured unit dose sufficient for a single cleaning operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Arrangements which include a solid component which is coated
with or encapsulated in a solid material of diverse chemical composition, or
processes of preparing the arrangements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 441. Arrangements wherein the coating agent is applied from an
aqueous medium, or processes of preparing the arrangements.
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Arrangements which include a spray-dried component which
is admixed with one or more diverse components, or processes of
preparing the arrangements.
(1)
Note. See the definition for subclass 452 for details on spray
drying.
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Products which are granular or particulate in form and are
made by binding together very fine particles, such as powder, by
means of a liquid or liquefiable binder, such as aqueous sodium
silicate, in an agitated environment, such as a fluidized bed; processes
of preparing the products; or heterogeneous arrangements comprising
an agglomerated component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions in the form of articles or structures which
are solid, visible to the naked eye, and possess particular physical
shape or structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 447. Articles which include a component which disperses water-insoluble
salts formed from soap in water having a high content of minerals, such
as calcium or magnesium salts.
This subclass is indented under subclass 447. Articles which include a surfactant that is other than soap
and carries a covalently bonded anionic substituent, and a soap
component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Structures which are shaped by extruding a semifluid material
through an aperture having a particular shape, or processes of preparing
the products.
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Structures in the form of a particulate product made by
spraying a solution, melt, or slurry of cleaning composition ingredients
into a heated atmosphere, or processes of preparing the products.
(1)
Note. The heated atmosphere facilitates the removal of the
liquid medium and formation of the solid particles, which are usually
spherelike and hollow.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Processes wherein a particulate solid product is produced
by spraying a hot melt, solution, or slurry of the cleaning composition
components into a cool atmosphere, or products of such processes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Processes wherein a particulate solid product is produced
by drying a solution or slurry of the cleaning composition components
on an evaporative surface, such as a rotating drum or roll, or on
a stationary hot plate, or products of such processes.
(1)
Note. The dried composition is usually separated from the
hot surface in the form of a sheet, or the like, and subsequently
subdivided (e.g., by grinding) into particulate form.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Processes wherein a composition containing soap is produced
by converting an ester of a higher fatty or rosin acid, usually
a glyceride, such as animal fat or vegetable oil, into a salt of the
acid and into the corresponding alcohol, usually by means of an
alkaline material, such as sodium hydroxide; or products of such
processes.
(1)
Note. See the class definition for a definition of soap.
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Processes wherein the saponification step is followed by
an additional processing step or steps to obtain the finished product,
or products of such processes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Processes which include a component which is inorganic and
contains boron or silicon, or which is of animal or plant origin
and retains its original cellular structure; or products of such
processes.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which are in solid form and include an organic
component in which at least one of the constituent atoms, in addition
to carbon, is known or can be deduced with certainty.
(1)
Note. For purposes of this and indented subclasses, the term "organic
material" is considered too broad, as are materials recited
in terms of mere function, such as "perfume," "anionic
surfactant," etc.
(2)
Note. See the class definition, paragraph IV, F, concerning
placement of patents wherein the physical form of the composition
is not explicitly recited in the claims.
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Compositions wherein the organic component is of animal
or plant origin and retains its original cellular structure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 467. Compositions wherein the component is a phosphoric acid
glycerol ester containing a higher fatty acid moiety.
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Compositions wherein the organic component is a synthetic
polymer, other than a polyether, or is natural rubber.
This subclass is indented under subclass 475. Compositions wherein the polymer contains a carboxylic acid
anhydride or a free carboxyl substituent, or is a salt of the carboxyl
substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Compositions wherein the organic component contains plural
carboxyl substituents attached to one another by direct or indirect
nonionic bonding, or is a salt of such substituents.
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Compositions which additionally contain a component which
is a carbonate or bicarbonate salt of an alkali metal (Li, Na, K,
Rb, or Cs).
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Compositions wherein the polycarboxylic component contains
a nitrogen substituent which is attached to the component by nonionic
bonding which may be direct or indirect.
This subclass is indented under subclass 481. Compositions which include a component which disperses water-insoluble
salts formed from soap in water having a high content of minerals,
such as calcium or magnesium salts.
This subclass is indented under subclass 481. Compositions which transmit substantially all incident radiation
in the visible spectrum range, or processes of preparing the compositions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 481. Compositions which additionally contain a component which
is a hydrocarbon or is an organic compound containing a sulfoxy
substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 481. Compositions which additionally include an inorganic component
which contains boron, silicon, or phosphorus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Compositions wherein the carboxyl or carboxylic salt group
is attached indirectly to sulfur by nonionic bonding.
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Compositions wherein the carboxyl or carboxylic salt group
is attached indirectly to nitrogen by nonionic bonding.
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Compositions wherein the sulfoxy group is attached directly
or indirectly to nitrogen by nonionic bonding.
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Compositions wherein the organic component contains a sulfonic
acid or sulfate monoester substituent or is a salt of the substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Compositions which additionally include an organic component
which is devoid of any covalently bonded anionic substituents and contains
nitrogen.
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Compositions which additionally include an organic component
which contains a hydroxy substituent and is nonionic.
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Compositions which include at least two distinct organic
components, each carrying a sulfonic acid or sulfate monoester substituent,
or a salt of the substituent.
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Compositions wherein the organic component contains an amido
substituent (i.e., a carbonyl group, -C(=O)-, is bonded
directly to the nitrogen).
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which are solid and include an inorganic component
which is clay or the salt of an aluminosilicate.
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which are solid and include an inorganic component
which contains aluminum or a heavy metal (i.e., metal having a specific
gravity of at least 4).
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Compositions which are solid and include a component which
is a carbonate, bicarbonate, or sesquicarbonate of an alkali metal
(Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs).
AUXILIARY COMPOSITIONS FOR CLEANING, OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING
(E.G., LAUNDERING AIDS, SUCH AS WRINKLE-REDUCING COMPOSITIONS, ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions which: (a) constitute an intermediate composition
of two or more components used in the manufacture of cleaning compositions,
such as detergent builder compositions, or surfactant compositions
specialized for use in cleaning agents; or (b) when used in the
cleaning process or in a finishing step, improve the appearance
or feel of the cleaned articles, such as dishwasher rinse or textile
softening compositions; or (c) when used together with surfactants
and other customary components of cleaning compositions, facilitate
the removal of soil in the course of a current or subsequent cleaning
operation, such as laundry sour, enzyme, or soil-release compositions.
(1)
Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are compositions
such as dishwasher rinses, textile softening or antistatic agents,
soil-release or antisoiling agents, laundry sours, enzymes, detergent
builders and surfactants, consonant with categories (a) through
(c) of the subclass definition and specialized and designed for
such utility, as well as any compositions within the purview of such
criteria which are not provided for elsewhere.
Compositions,
subclasses 175+ for water-softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting
agents which are not specifically designed for use as detergent builders,
subclass 321 for defoaming compositions, and subclasses 186.1+ for
oxidative bleach or oxidant compositions, per se.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating
to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions,
foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such
as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions
of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed
for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions
and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or
peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems;
processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes
of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance,
when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior
provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art; such as
surfactants which are not specifically designed for use in cleaning
compositions.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 198+ for wetting agents (e.g., spreading, penetrating,
leveling) or methods of making such agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Compositions designed to eliminate or reduce static electrical
charge, or to impart a softer feel or hand to textile articles treated
therewith in the course of, or subsequent to, a laundering or dry
cleaning operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 515. Compositions which additionally include a component which
performs a different textile treating function.
This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Compositions wherein the diverse component either retards
resoiling of an article treated therewith or facilitates the removal
of newly accumulated soil in a subsequent cleaning operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Compositions wherein the diverse component is a chemical
bleach or oxidant, or is an antiseptic, biocidal, or deodorant agent,
and contains halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, or phosphorus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 515. Compositions which are activated by heat of a clothes dryer
and may be enclosed in a package or combined with a substrate.
(1)
Note. Certain of these compositions may be enclosed in a package
or dispenser which is added to the load to be laundered at the beginning
of the wash cycle but the active composition is only released in
the dryer. These are the so-called "through-the-wash" compositions and
packages.
This subclass is indented under subclass 519. Compositions which are dispensed in the dryer from a water-insoluble
single-use enclosure or substrate, or compositions to be combined
with the substrate or enclosure.
This subclass is indented under subclass 522. Compositions which include a component which is an acyclic
hydrocarbon, or is a higher fatty acid devoid of nitrogen, or is
an ester or an alcohol derived from such fatty acid.
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Compositions which, when used together with a cleaning or
auxiliary agent, either retard the resoiling of an article treated
therewith, or facilitate the removal of newly accumulated soil in
a subsequent cleaning operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Compositions which serve to neutralize excess alkalinity
remaining from a cleaning agent.
(1)
Note. Laundry sour compositions are used primarily in the
rinse cycle in commercial laundries, where highly alkaline detergents
are utilized in the main wash.
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Compositions which include an enzyme component and are specialized
and designed for incorporation with other components of a cleaning
composition; the enzymes usually facilitate cleaning by degrading
specific types of soil, such as protein, oil, or grease.
Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,
subclasses 174 through 182for carrier-bound or immobilized enzymes, and preparation
thereof; subclass 187 for processes of preparing granular or free-flowing
enzyme compositions; subclass 188 for processes of stabilizing an
enzyme; and subclass 264 for processes of cleaning using an enzyme.
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Compositions specialized for use in conjunction with surfactants
or other cleaning agents, such as alkaline substances, and which
enhance the detergency of the surfactant or cleaning agent (e.g.,
by providing a water-softening effect by removing polyvalent metal
ions, such as calcium).
(1)
Note. See search notes under subclass 513 for other water-softening
compositions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Compositions which include a component which is a metal
salt of a silicate which is combined with aluminum or boron.
(1)
Note. The action of such components is usually via the ion-exchange
mechanism, which immobilizes polyvalent metal ions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Compositions which include a component which contains plural
carboxyl substituents attached to one another by direct or indirect nonionic
bonding, or is a salt of such substituents.
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Surface active compositions which are not raw soap and which
are specialized for use in cleaning compositions together with other
auxiliary components, such as builders, fillers, etc.
(1)
Note. See class definitions for further details on surfactants.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 198+ for wetting agents (e.g., spreading, penetrating,
leveling) or methods of making such agents, when generically claimed
or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for
the specifically claimed art.
This subclass is indented under subclass 535. Compositions which include an organic surfactant component
which includes a sulfoxy-containing anionic substituent.
(1)
Note. The anionic substituent may be, for example, a sulfonate
salt or sulfate monoester moiety.
Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations
Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,
subclasses 9+ for continuous liquid phase colloid systems (e.g., foams,
emulsions, suspensions, dispersions), subclasses 98+ for
colloid systems of continuous or semicontinuous solid phase with
discontinuous liquid phase (gels, pastes, flocs, coagulates); or
agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents;
in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically
superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.
The definitions for FOR 100-FOR 243 below correspond to
the definitions for only the following abolished subclasses under
Class 252 from which these collections were formed: 80-87, 89.1,
90-174, 174.11-174.25, 523-559. See the Foreign Art Collection
schedule for specific correspondences. [Note: The
titles and definitions for indented art
collections include all the details of the one(s) that are hierarchically
superior.] Note: Foreign art collections related to textile treating and sweeping
or dust or particle adherents are located in Class 252,
Compositions. These foreign art collections may be pertinent to
subclasses in this class (510).
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain substances which are specialized and designed for, or peculiar
to, use in removing or loosening scale or incrustation from the
inner surfaces of steam boilers, water heaters or other water containers,
or processes of making such compositions.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions contain
inorganic compounds or elements other than alkali metal hydroxides, alkali
metal carbonates and water.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain inorganic compounds or elements other than alkali metal
hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates and water.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions specialized
and designed for, or peculiar to, use in cleaning or removing foreign matter
from solid surfaces.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions in
the form of packages or which contain, in each case, a particular
heterogeneous arrangement of two or more components, other than
mixed or coated granules, which differ from each other chemically
or physically.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions when
there are present sheets or other bodies of nondetergent materials
impregnated or coated with thin layers of soaps or detergents, per
se.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
in each case, include a zone which contains a water-soluble soap
and a separate zone of material which does not contain a water-soluble
soap.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain antiseptics, insecticides or other substances which are
adapted to destroy plant or animal life, for the purpose of more
than merely preserving the compositions.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain, both an organic and an inorganic water-insoluble abradent,
nonsaponifiable wax, gum, solid thickener or solid filler.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain organic water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes,
gums, solid thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain organic compounds which are not hydrocarbons or water-soluble soaps
of fatty acids or rosin.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners, or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain, both an organic and an inorganic water-insoluble abradent,
wax, gum, solid thickener or solid filler.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain organic plant or animal extracts or matter or compounds
other than the water-soluble soaps of fatty acids or rosin.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain inorganic compounds or elements other than water, alkali-metal hydroxides,
and alkali-metal carbonates.
Foreign Art Collections including composition containing
ammonia or hydrazine, or a derivative of either, in which at least
one hydrogen is replaced by a singly or doubly bonded carbon or
by an acyl group or a salt of ammonia, hydrazine or such derivative, except
protein.
Foreign Art Collections including composition in
which the amine compound includes a carboxy group having a water
soluble cation, e.g., sodium nitrilotriacetate.
Foreign Art Collections including composition which
includes an additional surfactant which does not ionize, e.g., ester,
polyether, polyol, or fatty alcohol.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-soluble cyanides, cyanates or thiocyanates, other
than mere double cyanides (e.g., potassium ferr- or ferri-cyanides).
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which,
in each case, contain a substance for inhibiting corrosion or attack
of the solid surfaces to be cleaned, by any other substance in the
compositions.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain organic compounds which contain sulfur which is joined directly to
carbon but not joined directly to oxygen.
Foreign Art Collections including composition containing
ammonia, or hydrazine, or a derivative thereof in which at least
one hydrogen is replaced by a singly or doubly bonded carbon or
by an acyl group or a salt of ammonia, hydrazine or such derivative, except
protein.
Foreign Art Collections including composition in
which the amine compound includes a carboxy group having a water
soluble cation, e.g., sodium nitrilotriacetate.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain water-insoluble abradents, nonsaponifiable waxes, gums, solid
thickeners or solid fillers.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain organic compounds which contain oxygen, other than the substances
recited in this hierarchy.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain organic compounds which contain elements, other than carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen, other than the substances recited in this hierarchy.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which,
in each case, contain a wax or cellulose ester and also an abradent,
inorganic solid, thickener or filler other than a wax or cellulose
ester.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions in
which all or part of the composition consists of particles having
a material coated thereon or impregnated therein or consists of solid
or liquid material having an encapsulation coating, but excluding
mere detergent composition powders formed by spray drying.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions wherein
the carbohydrate moiety containing compound also contains a carboxyl group,
either in free or in salt or esterified form.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain a nonpolymeric compound having at least two free carboxyl groups
or carboxylate salts or is an anhydride.
Foreign Art Collections including compositions which
contain a polymer.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes proteins, unless present in
the form of enzyme or in naturally occurring materials known to
also include carbohydrate moieties.
(2)
Note. This subclass includes, e.g., gelatin and polyvinyl
alcohol.
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