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Classification Resources
 

 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 549]   CLASS 549,ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES
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SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 1]    1Sulfur containing hetero ring (e.g., thiiranes, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds under Class 540, ... which contain a hetero ring having sulfur as a ring hetero atom.
(1) Note. Inner sulfonium salts, even when represented in cyclic form, are classified under Class 568, subclasses 18+.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 2]    2With preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which occur in admixture with agents which function to prevent physical or chemical change.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 3]    3Heavy metal or aluminum containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which include aluminum or a metal with a specific gravity greater than 4.
(1) Note. Arsenic is considered a metal for the purpose of this subclass.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 4]    4Boron or silicon containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which include boron or silicon.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 5]    5Phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein phosphorus is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 6]    6The hetero ring is five-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 5.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is five-membered.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 7]    7Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Compounds wherein the five-membered hetero ring contains at least one ring hetero atom in addition to the ring sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 8]    8Four chalcogens bonded directly to the same phosphorus
 This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Compounds having exactly four chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) bonded directly to the same phosphorus atom.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 9]    9The hetero ring has at least seven members
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring has seven or more members.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 10]    10Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least one hetero atom in addition to the ring sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 11]    11Plural ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least two ring sulfurs.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 12]    12Polycyclo ring system having at least three cyclos and having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring having at least seven members is a cyclo in a polycyclo ring system containing at least three cyclos.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 13]    13The hetero ring is six-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is six-membered.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 14]    14Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least one ring hetero atom in addition to the ring sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 15]    15Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 16]    16Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 15.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 17]    17Plural ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least two ring sulfurs.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 18]    18Three or more ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Compounds wherein the six-membered hetero ring contains at least two ring hetero atoms in addition to the ring sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 19]    19Plural ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least two ring sulfurs.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 20]    20Two ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains exactly two ring sulfurs.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 21]    21Chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.  Compounds wherein nitrogen or chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 22]    22Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) or nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 23]    23Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Compounds wherein the six-membered hetero ring is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 24]    24The polycyclo ring system has at least four cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system has at least four cyclos.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 25]    25Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 26]    26Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 27]    27Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 26.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 28]    28Chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) or nitrogen is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 29]    29The hetero ring is five-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is five-membered.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 30]    30Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least one ring hetero atom in addition to the ring sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 31]    31Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 32]    32Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 33]    33Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 22.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 34]    34Three or more ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least two ring hetero atoms in addition to the ring sulfur.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 35]    35Two ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains exactly two ring sulfurs.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 36]    36Chalcogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 37]    37Nitrogen or chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 36.  Compounds wherein nitrogen or chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 38]    38Nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 39]    39Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 40]    40Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 41]    41Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein the five-membered hetero ring is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 42]    42Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 41.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly four rings.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 43]    43Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 41.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 44]    44Chalcogen attached directly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 43.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 45]    45Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 46]    46Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 47]    47Halogen attached directly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 48]    48Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 49]    49Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 41.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 50]    50Plural ring hetero atoms in the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compounds wherein the bicyclo ring system contains at least one ring hetero atom in addition to the ring sulfur of the five-membered hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 51]    51Chalcogen attached directly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 52]    52Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 53]    53Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 52.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to the ring sulfur of the five-membered hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 54]    54Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 52.  Compounds wherein at least two chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) are bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 55]    55Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 52.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 56]    56Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 52.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 57]    57Nitrogen or a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compounds wherein X nitrogen or --, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), is attached directly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 58]    58Chalcogen attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 59]    59Additional hetero ring containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds which contain an additional hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 60]    60Ring oxygen in the additional hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 59.  Compounds wherein the additional hetero ring contains oxygen as a ring hetero atom.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 61]    61Cyano bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein the -CN group is bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 62]    62Chalcogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 63]    63Nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 62.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 64]    64Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 62.  Compounds wherein --, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 65]    65Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 62.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 66]    66Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 62.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 67]    67Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 62.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 68]    68Nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 69]    69Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the nitrogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 68.  Compounds wherein --, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the nitrogen atom.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 70]    70Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein --, in which X is chalcogen, (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 71]    71The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 70.  Compounds wherein the -C-is part of a --X- group, in which the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 72]    72Nitrogen or chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 70.  Compounds wherein nitrogen or chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 73]    73Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 70.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 74]    74Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 75]    75Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 74.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 76]    76The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Compounds wherein the chalcogen, X (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), is in a -- group.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 77]    77Unsaturated carbocyclic ring or acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 76.  Compounds which contain an unsaturated carbocyclic ring or acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 78]    78Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 79]    79The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 78.  Compounds in which the chalcogen, X, is part of a --X- group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium).
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 80]    80Unsaturated carbocyclic ring or acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds which contain an unsaturated carbocyclic ring or acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 81]    81Halogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 82]    82Three or more halogens attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 81.  Compounds wherein at least three halogen atoms are attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 83]    83The compound consists of the ring sulfur, carbon, and hydrogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds in which the five-membered hetero ring is unsubstituted or substituted by hydrocarbon radicals only.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 84]    84Process of forming the hetero ring from acyclic reactants only
 This subclass is indented under subclass 83.  Processes of forming the five-membered hetero ring utilizing acyclic reactants only.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 85]    85Metal containing catalyst utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 84.  Processes which utilize a metal containing catalyst.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 86]    86Process of alkylating the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 83.  Processes in which the five-membered hetero ring is alkylated.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 87]    87Plural chalcogens double bonded directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Compounds wherein at least two chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) are double bonded directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 88]    88The hetero ring is four-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is four-membered.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 89]    89Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 88.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least one ring hetero atom in addition to ring sulfur.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

 and

and

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 90]    90The hetero ring is three-membered and has chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly or indirectly thereto by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is three-membered and contains chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) or nitrogen attached directly or indirectly thereto by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 200]    200Oxygen containing hetero ring (e.g., dioxirane, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds under Class 540, ... which contain a hetero ring having oxygen as a ring hetero atom.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 201]    201With preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Products which contain a compound having an oxygen containing hetero ring in admixture with a preserving or stabilizing agent whose sole function is to prevent physical or chemical change.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 202]    202Oxirane containing compound with preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 201.  Products wherein the hetero ring is oxirane, i.e., a three-member hetero ring consisting of two ring carbons and one ring oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 203]    203Cyclic anhydride containing compound with preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 201.  Products wherein the hetero ring is a cyclic anhydride, i.e., -C(=X)OC(=X)- is part of the ring, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 204]    204Lactone containing compound with preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 201.  Products wherein the hetero ring is a lactone, i.e., -C(=X)0- is part of the ring, wherein X represents chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium).
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 205]    205Compound in which the hetero ring is five-membered with preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 201.  Products wherein the hetero ring is five-membered.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 206]    206Heavy metal or aluminum containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds which include aluminum or a metal having a specific gravity greater than four.
(1) Note. Arsenic is considered a metal.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 207]    207Arsenic containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Compounds which contain arsenic.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 208]    208The hetero ring has three members or at least seven members
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains either (1) three members, or (2) seven or more members.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 209]    209The metal is bonded directly to carbon, which carbon is a ring carbon of the hetero ring or which carbon is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Compounds wherein the metal is bonded directly to (1) a ring carbon of the oxygen-containing hetero ring, or (2) a carbon atom which additionally is attached directly or indirectly to the oxygen-containing hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Excluded from this subclass are compounds such as:

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which require "doubling back" through the metal to satisfy the conditions necessary for inclusion here.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 210]    210The metal is bonded directly to chalcogen, which chalcogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Compounds wherein the metal is bonded directly to chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), which chalcogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 211]    211The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 210.  Compounds in which the chalcogen, X, is part of a --X- group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens.
(1) Note. These compounds are usually referred to as "salts".
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 212]    212Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 206.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is a cyclo in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 213]    213Boron containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds which contain boron.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 214]    214Silicon containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds which contain silicon.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 215]    215Oxirane ring containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 214.  Compounds which contain a three-membered ring consisting of one oxygen and two carbons:

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(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 216]    216Phosphorus bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds in which phosphorus is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 217]    217Oxirane ring containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 216.  Compounds which contain a three-membered ring consisting of one oxygen and two carbons, i.e., oxirane.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 218]    218Phosphorus attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds in which phosphorus is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 219]    219Oxirane ring containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 218.  Compounds which contain a three-membered ring consisting of one oxygen and two carbons, i.e., oxirane.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 220]    220Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 218.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is a cyclo in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 221]    221Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 218.  Compounds in which the hetero ring contains at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 222]    222Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 218.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 223]    223Xanthene ring system having a benzene ring bonded directly thereto para to the xanthene ring oxygen, wherein the carbon of a -COO- group is bonded directly to the benzene ring ortho to its position of attachment to the xanthene ring system, and spirolactone derivatives thereof (e.g., fluoresceins, chlorofluorans, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds having one of the following basic structures which may contain double bonds between ring members of the tricyclo ring system:

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(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 224]    224The xanthene ring system is three cyclos of a polycyclo ring system having at least four rings (e.g., benz(c)fluorans, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 223.  Compounds which contain the xanthene ring system as three cyclos of a polycyclo ring system containing four or more rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 225]    225Nitrogen bonded directly to the xanthene ring system (e.g., rhodols, aminofluorans, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 223.  Compounds in which nitrogen is bonded directly to the xanthene ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 226]    226Plural nitrogens bonded directly to the xanthene ring system (e.g., 2,6 diaminofluorans, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 225.  Compounds in which at least two nitrogens are bonded directly to the xanthene ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 227]    227Rhodamines
 This subclass is indented under subclass 226.  Compounds in which nitrogens are bonded directly to the xanthene ring system at the 2- and 7- positions according to the following structure:

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(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 228]    228The hetero ring contains -O-C(=X)-O- as part of its structure, wherein X is chalcogen (e.g., cyclic carbonates, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds in which the hetero ring contains as part of its structure -O-C(=X)-O-, wherein X represents chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium).
(1) Note. This subclass includes cyclic carbonates.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 229]    229The hetero ring is five-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 228.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring has five ring members.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 230]    230The five-membered hetero ring, except for the =X to the ring, is unsubstituted or hydrocarbyl substituted only
 This subclass is indented under subclass 229.  Compounds in which the five-membered hetero ring, except for the single =X to the ring, has only hydrogen or hydrocarbyl group(s) bonded to it.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 231]    231Cyclic anhydrides (i.e., -C(=X)OC(=X)-, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, is part of the hetero ring)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is a cyclic anhydride; i.e., --O- is part of the ring, X"s are the same or different chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 232]    232The cyclic anhydride has at least six members and is a cyclo in a polycyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 231.  Compounds wherein the cyclic anhydride has at least six ring members and is one of the cyclos in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 233]    233The cyclic anhydride is five-membered (e.g., succinic anhydride, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 231.  Compounds wherein the cyclic anhydride has five ring members.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 234]    234Polycyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.  Compounds wherein the five-membered cyclic anhydride is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 235]    235Tetracyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 234.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly four rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 236]    236Tricyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 234.  Compounds wherin the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 237]    237Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 236.  Compounds wherein at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of an additional cyclo in the tricyclo ring system (i.e., bridged).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 238]    238Halogen bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 237.  Compounds wherein halogen is bonded directly to the bridged tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 239]    239Plural ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 236.  Compounds wherein the tricyclo ring system includes at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 240]    240Bicyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 234.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 241]    241Plural bicyclo ring systems each having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 240.  Compounds wherein at least two bicyclo ring systems, each having a cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos, are present.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 242]    242Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to at least one of the bicyclo ring systems
 This subclass is indented under subclass 241.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to at least one of the bicyclo ring systems that has a cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 243]    243Nitrogen or additional chalcogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 240.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) or nitrogen is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 244]    244Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 240.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 245]    245The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)XH group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, or salt thereof (e.g., trimellitic anhydride, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 244.  Compounds in which the -- is part of a --XH group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium); and wherein H of -XH may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium ion or a Group IA or IIA light metal.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 246]    246Halogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 240.  Compounds wherein halogen is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 247]    247Phthalic anhydride per se
 This subclass is indented under subclass 240.  The compound which has the following structural formula:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 248]    248Preparing by oxidation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 247.  Processes for the preparation of phthalic anhydride, per se, by an oxidation reaction.
(1) Note. Examples of processes provided for herein are the oxidation of naphthalene or of orthoxylene to phthalic anhydride.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 249]    249Fluidized catalyst
 This subclass is indented under subclass 248.  Processes wherein a catalyst, which is fluidized by passing gaseous reactants through it, is employed.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 250]    250Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 247.  Processes wherein the phthalic anhydride is separated from impurities or from the reaction medium.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 251]    251By chemical reaction of impurity in presence of added chemical substance
 This subclass is indented under subclass 250.  Processes which include the step of subjecting impurities contaminating phathalic anhydride to chemical reaction.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 252]    252Plural hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.  Compounds which contain the cyclic anhydride and at least one additional hetero ring which may also be a cyclic anhydride ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 253]    253Nitrogen or additional chalcogen attached directly or indirectly to the cyclic anhydride by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.  Compounds wherein nitrogen or additional chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium) is attached directly or indirectly to the cyclic anhydride by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 254]    254Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the cyclic anhydride by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the cyclic anhydride by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 255]    255Acyclic carbon chain containing carbon to carbon unsaturation bonded directly to the cyclic anhydride
 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.  Compounds wherein an acyclic carbon chain that contains an olefinic or acetylenic linkage is bonded directly to the cyclic anhydride ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 256]    256Preparing by oxidation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.  Processes wherein a five-membered cyclic anhydride is prepared by an oxidation reaction.
(1) Note. Among the processes provided for herein are: oxidation of crotonaldehyde to meleic anhydride, oxidation of furfural to maleic anhydride, and oxidation of mesityl oxide to citraconic anhydride.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 257]    257Of benzene or hydrocarbyl substituted benzene
 This subclass is indented under subclass 256.  Processes wherein the oxidation reaction is performed on benzene or on a hydrocarbon that contains the benzene ring.
(1) Note. Examples of processes provided for herein are: oxidation of benzene to maleic anhydride and oxidation of biphenyl to phenyl maleic anhydride.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 258]    258Of acyclic or alicyclic hydrocarbon
 This subclass is indented under subclass 256.  Processes wherein the oxidation reaction is performed on an acyclic or alicyclic hydrocarbon.
(1) Note. Examples of processes provided for herein are: oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride, oxidation of butene to maleic anhydride, and oxidation of isoprene to citraconic acid anhydride.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 259]    259Vanadium and phosphorus, in compound or elemental form, utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 258.  Processes wherein vanadium and phosphorus, in compound or elemental form, are utilized.
(1) Note. The vanadium and phosphorus may both be part of a single compound; they may each be components of individual compounds; one or both may be in elemental form; in sum, vanadium and phosphorus may be utilized in any possible manner.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 260]    260Additional heavy metal, other than titanium, utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 259.  Processes wherein, in addition to vanadium and phosphorous, a further heavy metal, other than titanium, is utilized.
(1) Note. Titanium, if utilized alone, does not satisfy the requirement of this subclass for an additional heavy metal, whereas the combination of titanium with an additional heavy metal does satisfy the requirement.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 261]    261Double bond between ring members of the cyclic anhydride
 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.  Compounds wherein the five-membered cyclic anhydride has a double bond between two of its ring members.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 262]    262Maleic anhydride per se
 This subclass is indented under subclass 261.  The compound which has the following structural formula:

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(1) Note. Examples of concepts provided for herein are: synthesis of maleic anhydride from maleic acid, and purification and separation of maleic anhydride.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 263]    263Lactones (i.e., -C(=X)O-, wherein X is chalcogen, is part of the hetero ring)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is a lactone, i.e., a cyclic inner ester, wherein --O- is part of the ring, X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 264]    264Spiro
 This subclass is indented under subclass 263.  Compounds which contain a spiro ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 265]    265The spiro includes the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 264.  Compounds wherein at least one of the rings included in the spiro ring system is a lactone ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 266]    266The lactone ring has at least seven members
 This subclass is indented under subclass 263.  Compounds in which the lactone ring has seven or more ring members.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 267]    267Plural ring oxygens in the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 266.  Compounds in which the lactone ring contains two or more ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 268]    268Polycyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 266.  Compounds wherein the lactone ring having at least seven members is a cyclo in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 269]    269Bicyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 268.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 270]    270Additional acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring (e.g., zearalanone, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 269.  Compounds wherein an additional acyclic chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the lactone ring.
(1) Note. Compounds classified herein have at least two acyclic chalcogens bonded directly to the lactone ring, one of which is the chalcogen of the lactone group which is double bonded directly to the ring.
(2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 271]    271Additional chalcogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 266.  Compounds wherein an additional chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Compounds classified herein have at least two chalcogens bonded directly or indirectly to the lactone ring, one of which is the chalcogen of the lactone group which is double bonded directly to the ring.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 272]    272Preparing from a cyclic ketone (i.e., a ketone where the carbonyl is part of a ring)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 266.  Processes wherein the compound containing the lactone ring of seven or more members is prepared from a cyclic ketone, i.e., a ketone wherein the carbonyl is part of a ring.
(1) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 273]    273The lactone ring is six-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 263.  Compounds in which the lactone has six ring members, having the following basic structure, which may contain double bonds between ring members.

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 274]    274Plural ring oxygens in the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.  Compounds in which the lactone ring contains two or more ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 275]    275Polycyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.  Compounds wherein the six-membered lactone ring is one of the cyclos in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 276]    276Tetracyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 275.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly four rings.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 277]    277The tetracyclo ring system consists of four six-membered cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 276.  Compounds wherein the tetracyclo ring system consists of four six-membered rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 278]    278At least two additional chalcogens bonded directly to the tetracyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 277.  Compounds in which two or more additional chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) are bonded directly to the tetracyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 279]    279Ring oxygen bonded directly to ring carbon which is a member of two cyclos in the tetracyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 276.  Compounds wherein the tetracyclo ring system contains a ring oxygen bonded directly to a ring carbon, which carbon is a member of two of the cyclos in the tetracyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 280]    280Tricyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 275.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 281]    281Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or ring carbon is shared by the three cyclos (e.g., bridged or peri compounds, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 280.  Compounds wherein (1) at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of an additional cyclo in the tricyclo ring system, or (2) a ring carbon is a member of each of the cyclos of the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for bridged and peri-fused ring systems.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 282]    282Plural ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 280.  Compounds wherein the tricyclo ring system contains at least one ring oxygen in addition to the ring oxygen of the six-membered hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 283]    283Bicyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 275.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 284]    284Plural bicyclo ring systems each having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 283.  Compounds which contain at least two bicyclo ring systems each of which contains a six-membered lactone as one of its cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 285]    285Additional acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 283.  Compounds wherein an additional acyclic chalcogen is bonded directly to the six-membered lactone ring.
(1) Note. Compounds classified herein have at least two acyclic chalcogens bonded directly to the lactone ring, one of which is the chalcogen of the lactone group which is double bonded directly to the ring.
(2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 286]    286Benzene ring and the lactone ring bonded directly to the same acyclic carbon
 This subclass is indented under subclass 285.  Compounds wherein a benzene ring and the six-membered lactone ring are both bonded directly to the same acyclic carbon.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 287]    287Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 283.  Compounds in which an acyclic -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the lactone ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 288]    288Nitrogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 283.  Compounds in which nitrogen is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 289]    289The other cyclo of the bicyclo ring system is a six-membered carbocyclic ring to which chalcogen is directly attached
 This subclass is indented under subclass 283.  Compounds wherein the other cyclo of the bicyclo ring system is a six-membered carbocyclic ring which has chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) bonded directly to it.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 290]    290The bicyclo lactone consists of two six-membered rings and is unsubstituted or hydrocarbyl substituted only
 This subclass is indented under subclass 283.  Compounds in which the bicyclo ring system consists of the six-membered lactone and an additional six-membered ring; said bycyclic lactone is either unsubstituted or substituted by hydrocarbon groups only.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 291]    291Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.  Compounds in which an acyclic -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the lactone ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 292]    292Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.  Compounds wherein an additional chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the lactone ring.
(1) Note. Compounds classified herein have at least two acyclic chalcogens bonded directly to the oxygen-containing hetero ring, one of which is the chalcogen of the lactone group which is double bonded directly to the ring.
(2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 293]    293Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.  Compounds in which nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to lactone ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 294]    294Double bond between ring members of the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.  Compounds in which there is at least one double bond between ring members of the lactone ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 295]    295The lactone ring is five-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 263.  Compounds wherein the lactone has five members.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 296]    296Plural ring oxygens in the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds wherein the five-membered lactone ring contains at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 297]    297Polycyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds wherein the five-membered lactone is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 298]    298Tetracyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 297.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly four rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 299]    299Tricyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 297.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 300]    300Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or ring carbon is shared by the three cyclos (e.g., bridged or peri compounds, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 299.  Compounds wherein (1) at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of an additional cyclo in the tricyclo ring system, or (2) one ring carbon is a member of each of the cyclos of the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 301]    301The tricyclo ring system consists of the lactone ring, a five-membered carbocyclic ring, and a three-membered carbocyclic ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 299.  Compounds wherein the tricyclo ring system consists of the five-membered lactone ring, a five-membered carbocyclic ring and a three-membered carbocyclic ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 302]    302Bicyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 297.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 303]    303Nitrogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is bonded directly to the lactone ring of the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 304]    304Nitrogen attached indirectly to the lactone ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached indirectly to the lactone ring of the bicyclo ring system by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 305]    305Chalcogen attached indirectly to the lactone ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the lactone ring of the bicyclo ring system by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 306]    306Plural ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.  Compounds wherein the bicyclo ring system contains at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 307]    307The other cyclo of the bicyclo ring system is benzene (e.g., phthalides, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.  Compounds wherein the bicyclo ring system consists of the five-membered lactone ring and a benzene ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 308]    308Two carbocyclic rings bonded directly to the same ring atom of the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 307.  Compounds wherein two carbocyclic rings are bonded directly to the same ring atom of the lactone ring of the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 309]    309Nitrogen bonded directly to each of the carbocyclic rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 308.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is bonded directly to each of the carbocyclic rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 310]    310Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 307.  Compounds wherein an additional chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. The chalcogen required by this subclass is in addition to the double bonded oxygen of the -C-O- grouping of the lactone ring.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 311]    311The bicyclo ring system consists of two five-membered rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.  Compounds wherein the bicyclo ring system consists of the five-membered lactone ring and another five-membered ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 312]    312Acyclic carbon chain containing carbon to carbon unsaturation attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 311.  Compounds wherein an acyclic carbon chain containing carbon to carbon unsaturation is attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 313]    313Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds wherein an additional chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the lactone ring.
(1) Note. The chalcogen required by this subclass is in addition to the double bonded oxygen of the --O- grouping of the lactone ring.
(2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 314]    314At least two additional chalcogens bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 313.  Compounds wherein two or more additional chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) are bonded directly to the lactone ring.
(1) Note. Compounds classified herein have at least three acyclic chalcogens bonded directly to the oxygen- containing hetero ring, one of which is the chalcogen of the lactone group which is double bonded directly to the ring.
(2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 315]    315Double bond between ring members of the lactone ring or chalcogen double bonded directly at the 3- or 4-position of the lactone ring (e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 314.  Compounds wherein there is a double bond between ring members of the lactone ring, or chalcogen (i,e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is double bonded directly at the 3- or 4- position of the lactone ring.
(1) Note. Example of compounds provided for herein are:

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(2) Note. The two compounds of (1) Note, supra, are related by keto-enol tautomerism.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 316]    316Amine addition salts
 This subclass is indented under subclass 315.  Compounds which are amine addition salts.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 317]    317Sulfur or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to acyclic chalcogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 315.  Compounds in which sulfur or a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to a cyclic chalcogen.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 318]    318Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 313.  Compounds wherein an acyclic -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), is attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 319]    319Plural alkyl groups bonded directly to the same ring carbon of the lactone ring (e.g., pantolactone, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 313.  Compounds wherein plural alkyl groups are bonded directly to the same ring carbon of the lactone ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 320]    320Plural hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds which contain the five-membered lactone ring and at least one additional hetero ring, which may also be a five-membered lactone ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 321]    321Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 322]    322Having -C(=X), wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), is bonded directly to the lactone ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 323]    323Chalcogen attached indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 324]    324Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 325]    325Preparing by hydrogenation of cyclic anhydrides
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Processes wherein the lactone ring is prepared by hydrogenation of a cyclic anhydride.
(1) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 326]    326Preparing from compound containing -COO- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 295.  Processes wherein the lactone ring is prepared from a compound containing the --O- group.
(1) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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(2) Note.The reactant containing the --O- group may be a lactone itself, which is converted into a five-membered lactone ring; for example:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 327]    327Acyclic carbon double bonded directly to a ring carbon of a four-membered lactone ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 263.  Compounds in which acyclic carbon is double bonded directly to a ring carbon of a four-membered lactone ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 328]    328Four-membered lactone ring formed
 This subclass is indented under subclass 263.  Processes whereby a four-membered lactone ring is formed.
(1) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 329]    329From a ketene (HCH=C=O, wherein H may be substituted)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 328.  Processes whereby the four-membered lactone ring is formed from a ketene.
(1) Note. Ketene is represented by the structure HCH=C=O, wherein -H may be substituted.
(2) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 330]    330Spiro
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds which contain a spiro ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 331]    331The spiro includes a hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 330.  Compounds wherein at least one of the rings in the spiro ring system is an oxygen containing hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 332]    332The spiro includes a three- or four-membered hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 331.  Compounds wherein at least one of the rings in the spiro ring system is a three- or four-membered oxygen containing hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 333]    333Plural ring oxygens in a spiro hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 331.  Compounds wherein at least one of the rings in the spiro ring system contains two or more ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 334]    334Both rings which form the spiro are hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 333.  Compounds wherein both of the rings in the spiro ring system are oxygen containing hetero rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 335]    335Two six-membered hetero rings, which each contain plural ring oxygens, form the spiro (e.g., spirobi-(meta-dioxane), etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 334.  Compounds wherein both of the hetero rings in the spiro ring system are six-membered rings, each containing at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 336]    336Polycyclo ring system having one of the two rings which form the spiro as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 333.  Compounds wherein one of the two rings which form the spiro ring system is additionally one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 337]    337Additional hetero ring containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 336.  Compounds which contain an additional oxygen containing hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 338]    338Plural five-membered hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 337.  Compounds which contain at least two five-membered oxygen containing hetero rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 339]    339Spiro ring is a cyclo in a tricyclo-carbocyclic ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 336.  Compounds wherein one of the two rings which form the spiro ring system is additionally one of the cyclos of a tricyclo-carbocyclic ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 340]    340Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 339.  Compounds which contain an acyclic -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 341]    341The spiro hetero ring is five-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 333.  Compounds in which the spiro hetero ring is a five-membered ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 342]    342Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 341.  Compounds which contain an acyclic -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 343]    343Both rings which form the spiro are hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 331.  Compounds wherein both rings in the spiro ring system are oxygen containing hetero rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 344]    344Polycyclo ring system having one of the two hetero rings which form the spiro as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 343.  Compounds wherein one of the two oxygen containing hetero rings in the spiro ring system is additionally one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 345]    345Bicyclo ring system having the spiro hetero ring as one of the cyclos (e.g., griseofulvin, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 331.  Compounds in which the spiro hetero ring is one of the cyclos in a bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for, inter alia, griseofulvin and its derivatives, e.g.,

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 346]    346The hetero ring has at least seven members
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds in which the oxygen containing hetero ring has seven or more ring members.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 347]    347Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 346.  Compounds in which the hetero ring contains at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 348]    348Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 347.  Compounds in which the hetero ring is one of the cyclos in a polycyclo ring system.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 349]    349Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 348.  Compounds in which the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 350]    350Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 348.  Compounds in which the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two cyclos.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 351]    351Three or more ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 350.  Compounds wherein the bicyclo ring system contains at least three ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 352]    352Three or more ring oxygens in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 347.  Compounds in which the hetero ring contains at least three ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 353]    353Exactly four oxygens in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 352.  Compounds in which the hetero ring contains exactly four oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 354]    354Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 346.  Compounds in which the hetero ring is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 355]    355Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 354.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 356]    356The hetero ring is six-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds in which the oxygen containing hetero ring has six ring members.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 357]    357Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring (e.g., 1,2-dioxin, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds in which the hetero ring contains at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 358]    358Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 357.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is one of the cyclos in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 359]    359Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 358.  Compounds in which the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 360]    360Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 359.  Compounds wherein at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of an additional cyclo in the tricyclo ring system (i.e., bridged).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 361]    361Three or more ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system (e.g., actinospectacin, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 359.  Compounds wherein the tricyclo ring system contains at least three ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 362]    362Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 358.  Compounds in which the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 363]    363The two cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 362.  Compounds wherein at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of the other cyclo in the bicyclo ring system (i.e., bridged).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 364]    364Three or more ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 362.  Compounds wherein the bicyclo ring system contains at least three ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 365]    365The ring oxygens are in the 1,2- or 1,3-positions of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 362.  Compounds in which the hetero ring consists of two ring oxygens and four ring carbons wherein the ring oxygens are in the 1,2-positions or 1,3-positions of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 366]    366Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 362.  Compounds in which nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 367]    367Three or more ring oxygens in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 357.  Compounds in which the hetero ring contains at least three ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 368]    368Trioxane per se
 This subclass is indented under subclass 367.  The compound which has the following structure:

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(1) Note. This subclass provides for trioxane, per se, and processes for the production, purification, separation, etc., of trioxane.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 369]    369The ring oxygens are in the 1,3-positions of the hetero ring (e.g., 1,3 dioxane, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 357.  Compounds in which the hetero ring consists of two ring oxygens and four ring carbons wherein the ring oxygens are in the 1,3-positions of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 370]    370Plural hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 369.  Compounds which contain an additional oxygen containing hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 371]    371Nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 369.  Compounds in which nitrogen is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 372]    372Chalcogen or -C(=X), wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 369.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., sulfur selenium, or tellurium) or a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen, is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 373]    373Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 369.  Compounds in which nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 374]    374Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 369.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 375]    375The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 374.  Compounds wherein the chalcogen, X, is in a -C- group.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 376]    376Preparing by reacting an aldehyde with a compound containing acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 369.  Processes in which an aldehyde is reacted with a compound containing acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation to prepare a 1,3-dioxane compound.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for processes such as the preparation of 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane from isobutylene and formaldehyde, etc.

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 377]    377The ring oxygens are in the 1,4-positions of the hetero ring (e.g., 1,4 dioxane, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 357.  Compounds in which the hetero ring consists of two ring oxygens and four ring carbons wherein the ring oxygens are in the 1,4-positions of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 378]    378Chalcogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 377.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 379]    379Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 378.  Compounds in which at least two chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) are bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 380]    380Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 377.  Compounds in which halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 381]    381Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds in which the hetero ring is one of the cyclos in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 382]    382Pentacyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 381.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly five rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 383]    383Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 381.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly four rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 384]    384The tetracyclo ring system consists of four six-membered cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 383.  Compounds wherein the four rings of the tetracyclo ring system are each six membered.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 385]    385Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 381.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 386]    386Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or ring carbon is shared by the three cyclos (e.g., bridged or peri compounds, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 385.  Compounds wherein (1) at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of an additional cyclo in the tricyclo ring system, or (2) a ring carbon is a member of each of the cyclos of the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 387]    387Plural ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 385.  Compounds wherein the tricyclo ring system includes at least one ring oxygen in addition to the ring oxygen of the six-membered hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 388]    388The tricyclo ring system consists of three six-membered cyclos (e.g., xanthene, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 385.  Compounds wherein the three rings of the tricyclo ring system are each six-membered.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 389]    389Naphtho-pyrans (including hydrogenated)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 388.  Compounds wherein the tricyclo ring system consists of a naphthalene ring system, which may be hydrogenated, sharing two adjacent carbons with the six-membered hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 390]    390Dibenzo(b,d)pyrans (including hydrogenated)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 388.  Compounds wherein the tricyclo ring system has the following basic structure which may contain double bonds between ring members.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 391]    391Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 390.  Compounds in which at least two chalcogens are bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 392]    392Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 388.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring of the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 393]    393Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 392.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 394]    394Nitrogen bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 388.  Compounds in which nitrogen is bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 395]    395Acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 385.  Compounds in which acyclic chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring of the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 396]    396Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 381.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 397]    397The two cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 396.  Compounds wherein at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of the other cyclo in the bicyclo ring system (i.e., bridged).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 398]    398The bicyclo ring system consists of the hetero ring and a six-membered carbocyclic ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 396.  Compound in which the bicyclo ring system consists of the six-membered hetero ring and a six-member carbocyclic ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 399]    399Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 398.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring of the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 400]    400Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 399.  Compounds wherein at least two chalcogens are bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 401]    401Chalcogen bonded directly to the ring carbon para to the ring oxygen (e.g., chromones, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 399.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the ring carbon in the position which is para to the ring oxygen.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 402]    402Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 401.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 403]    403Benzene ring bonded directly to the hetero ring (e.g., flavones, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 401.  Compounds in which a benzene ring is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 404]    404Nitrogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 398.  Compounds in which nitrogen is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 405]    405Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 398.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 406]    406Carbocyclic ring bonded directly to the hetero ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., flavanes, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 398.  Compounds in which a carbocyclic ring is bonded directly to the hetero ring of the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 407]    407Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 398.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) or nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 408]    408Chalcogen bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., tocopherols, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 398.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 409]    409Chalcogen double bonded or plural chalcogens bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring (e.g., coenzyme Q, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 408.  Compounds in which chalcogen is double bonded or at least two chalcogens are bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 410]    410Chalcogen of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., tocopherol esters, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 408.  Compound wherein the singly bonded chalogen of a --X-group, in which the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 411]    411Preparing from 1,4-di-oxygen substituted carbocyclic ring (e.g., of p benzoquinones, p-hydroquinones, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 408.  Processes wherein a 1,4-di-oxygen substituted carbocyclic ring is utilized as a reactant.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for processes utilizing l,4-benzoquinones and 1,4-dihydroxy benzene compounds, inter alia, as reactants.
(2) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 412]    412Processes for chemical modification of substituents on the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., alkylation of tocopherols, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 408.  Processes whereby substituents on the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system are modified chemically.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 413]    413Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 408.  Processes whereby the product is separated from impurities or from the reaction medium.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 414]    414Plural hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds which contain an additional oxygen containing hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 415]    415Plural six-membered hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 414.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygen containing hetero ring is six-membered.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 416]    416Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 417]    417Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 416.  Compounds wherein at least two chalcogens are bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 418]    418Hydroxy bonded directly at the 3-position and oxygen double bonded directly at the 4-position of the hetero ring (H of -OH may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium ion or a Group IA or IIA light metal)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 417.  Compounds in which hydroxy is bonded directly at the 3-position and oxygen is double bonded directly at the 4-position of the hetero ring, wherein the -H of the hydroxy may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium ion or a Group IA or IIA light metal.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 419]    419Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 416.  Compounds in which nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 420]    420Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 416.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 421]    421Alicyclic ring bonded directly to the chalcogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 416.  Compounds in which an alicyclic ring is bonded directly to the chalcogen.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 422]    422Five-membered carbocyclic ring having the hetero ring as part of one substituent and -COO- as part of another substituent (e.g., prostaglandin intermediates, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 416.  Compounds containing a carbocyclic ring which has at least two substituents, one of which contains the hetero ring and another one of which contains a -COO- group.
(1) Note. An example of compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 423]    423Hydroxy or halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding (H of -OH may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium ion or a Group IA or IIA light metal)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 416.  Compounds in which hydroxy or halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding, wherein the -H of the hydroxy may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium ion or a Group IA OR IIA light metal.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 424]    424Nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds in which nitrogen is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 425]    425Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 426]    426Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 427]    427Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 428]    428Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 356.  Compounds in which halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 429]    429The hetero ring is five-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds wherein the oxygen containing hetero ring has five ring members.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 430]    430Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least two ring oxygens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 431]    431Three or more ring oxygens in the hetero ring (e.g., ozonides, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring contains at least three ring oxygens.
(1) Note. Ozonides are included herein. These products are usually formed by combining ozone with compounds containing a carbon-to-carbon multiple bond.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 432]    432Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 433]    433Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 432.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 434]    434Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 432.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 435]    435Plural hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 434.  Compounds wherein at least two hetero rings are present.
(1) Note. The compounds provided for herein include those wherein both rings of the bicyclo ring system are hetero, as well as those wherein one hetero ring is part of the bicyclo ring system and the other hetero ring may be monocyclic or part of a different bicyclo ring system.
(2) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 436]    436Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 434.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 437]    437Acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 434.  Compounds wherein the acyclic chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 438]    438Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 437.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e. oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 439]    439Nitrogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 434.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 440]    440Nitrogen attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 434.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached indirectly to the bicyclo system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 441]    441The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 440.  Compounds wherein the nitrogen is bonded directly to a X -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 442]    442The nitrogen is attached directly to carbon by a double or triple bond
 This subclass is indented under subclass 440.  Compounds wherein the nitrogen is attached directly to carbon by a double or triple bond.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 443]    443Chalcogen attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 440.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 444]    444The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 443.  Compounds in which the chalogen, X, is in a -- group.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 445]    445Chalcogen attached indirectly to the ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 434.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 446]    446The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 445.  Compounds in which the chalcogen, X, is in a -- group.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 447]    447The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 446.  Compounds in which the -- is part of a --X- group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 448]    448Plural hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds which contain at least two hetero rings, which may be the same or different.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 449]    449Nitrogen or chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds wherein nitrogen or chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 450]    450Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 451]    451Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 452]    452The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 451.  Compounds in which the nitrogen is bonded directly to a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 453]    453Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 454]    454The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 453.  Compounds wherein the chalcogen, X, is in a -- group.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 455]    455Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 430.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 456]    456Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is one of the cyclos of a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 457]    457Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 456.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly four rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 458]    458Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 456.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 459]    459Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 458.  Compounds wherein at least three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of an additional cyclo in the tricyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 460]    460Dibenzofurans (including hydrogenated)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 458.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring shares ring members with two six-membered carbocyclic rings, which may contain double bonds between ring members.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 461]    461Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 460.  Compounds wherein a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached directly or indirectly to the ring system by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 462]    462Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 456.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two rings.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 463]    463The two cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein three ring members of one cyclo are ring members of the other cyclo in the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 464]    464Plural ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein at least two ring oxygens are present in the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 465]    465The bicyclo ring system consists of two five-membered cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein the bicyclo ring system consists of two five-membered cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 466]    466Acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein acyclic chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 467]    467Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached directly to the hetero ring or is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 468]    468Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 469]    469Benzene ring bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein a benzene ring is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 470]    470Chalcogen of -C(=X)X-, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein the singly bonded chalcogen of a --X- group, in which the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 471]    471Plural double bonds between ring members of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 462.  Compounds wherein there are plural double bonds between ring members of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 472]    472Plural hetero rings
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein at least two hetero rings, which may be the same or different, are present.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 473]    473Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 472.  Compounds in which an acyclic -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 474]    474Cyano bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein a cyano group (-C=N) is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 475]    475Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 476]    476Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 475.  Compounds wherein at least two chalcogens are bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 477]    477Chalcogen double bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 476.  Compounds wherein at least one chalcogen is doubled bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 478]    478Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 476.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 479]    479Double bond between ring members of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 475.  Compounds wherein there is a double bond between ring members of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 480]    480Nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 481]    481Nitro bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 480.  Compounds wherein a nitro group (-NO2) is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 482]    482The hetero ring and an additional nitrogen are bonded directly to the same carbon
 This subclass is indented under subclass 481.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring and an additional nitrogen are bonded directly to the same carbon.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 483]    483Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 484]    484The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 483.  Compounds in which the -- is part of a --X- group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 485]    485Plural -C(=X)X- groups bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 484.  Compounds wherein at least two --X- groups are bonded directly to the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 486]    486The carbon of the -C(=X)X- group is bonded directly at the 3-position of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 484.  Compounds in which the carbon of the --X- group is bonded directly at the 3-position of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 487]    487Nitrogen bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 483.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is bonded directly to the -C- group.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 488]    488Additional chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 483.  Compounds wherein an additional chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 489]    489Preparation of furfural (i.e., furan-2-aldehyde)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 483.  Processes for the preparation of furfural, per se.
(1) Note. Furfural is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 490]    490Purification or recovery of furfural
 This subclass is indented under subclass 483.  Processes wherein furfural is separated from impurities or from the reaction medium.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 491]    491Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein nitrogen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 492]    492Nitrogen and the hetero ring are single bonded directly to the same acyclic saturated hydrocarbon group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 491.  Compounds wherein nitrogen and the hetero ring are single bonded directly to the same acyclic saturated hydrocarbon group.
(1) Note. The expression "acyclic saturated hydrocarbon group" refers to alkylene.
(2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 493]    493The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 492.  Compounds wherein the nitrogen is bonded directly to a -- group, in which X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 494]    494Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 492.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 495]    495Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 492.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 496]    496Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 491.  Compounds wherein a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 497]    497Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 498]    498The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 497.  Compounds wherein the chalcogen, X, is in a -- group.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 499]    499The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 498.  Compounds in which the -- is part of a --X- group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 500]    500Plural -C(=X)X- groups attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 499.  Compounds wherein at least two --X- groups are attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 501]    501Additional chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 499.  Compounds wherein an additional chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 502]    502Plural chalcogens attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 497.  Compounds wherein at least two chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) are attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 503]    503Preparing by hydrogenation of furfural
 This subclass is indented under subclass 497.  Processes wherein furfural is hydrogenated to yield a compound wherein oxygen is attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 504]    504Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 505]    505Plural double bonds between ring members of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds which contain plural double bonds between ring members of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for furan, per se, and for processes relating to the production, purification, separation, etc., of furan.
(2) Note. The structural formula of furan is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 506]    506Hydrocarbyl substituted
 This subclass is indented under subclass 505.  Compounds wherein the hetero ring is hydrocarbyl substituted.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 507]    507One double bond between ring members of the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Compounds wherein exactly one double bond is present between ring members of the hetero ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 508]    508Preparing from compound containing -COO- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Processes wherein the five-membered hetero ring is prepared from a compound that contains a -C-O- group.
(1) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 509]    509Preparing from a hydroxy containing compound
 This subclass is indented under subclass 429.  Processes wherein the five-membered hetero ring is prepared from a compound that contains a hydroxy group.
(1) Note. An example of a process provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 510]    510The hetero ring is four-membered
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds in which the oxygen containing hetero ring has four ring members.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 511]    511Sulfur or halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 510.  Compounds wherein sulfur or halogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 512]    512The hetero ring is three-membered consisting of one oxygen and two carbons
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Compounds which contain a three-membered ring consisting of one ring oxygen and two ring carbons:

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(1) Note. This subclass does not provide for polymerized oxirane compounds, e.g., polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, etc.
(2) Note. The three-membered ring provided for herein is frequently referred to as an epoxide, even though the term "epoxide" includes oxygen containing rings having more than three members.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 513]    513Processes
 This subclass is indented under subclass 512.  Processes for producing, purifying, or recovering an oxirane containing compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 514]    514Epihalohydrin, glycerol monohalohydrin or glycerol dihalohydrin reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 513.  Processes which include obtaining a glycidyl moiety by a condensation reaction of an epihalohydrin, (X=halogen) or a glycerol mono- or di-halohydrin,

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(1) Note. The glycidyl moiety is represented by the following basic structure.

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 515]    515Glycidyl ester formed by bonding the oxy of a -COO- group directly to an acyclic carbon which is bonded directly to an oxirane ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 514.  Processes which include bonding oxy of a -C(=O)O- group to the acyclic carbon of the glycidyl moiety to form an ester:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 516]    516Glycidyl ether formed by bonding oxygen directly to an acyclic carbon which is bonded directly to an oxirane ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 514.  Processes which include bonding oxygen to the acyclic carbon of the glycidyl moiety to form an ether:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 517]    517Phenolic ether formed
 This subclass is indented under subclass 516.  Processes wherein the glycidyl ether oxygen is bonded to a benzene ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound prepared by the process herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 518]    518Oxirane ring formed
 This subclass is indented under subclass 513.  Processes which include the formation of an oxirane ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 519]    519Carbonyl of aldehyde or ketone reacted to form oxirane ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 518.  Processes wherein the functional group -- in an aldehyde or ketone undergoes a reaction to form an oxirane ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 520]    520By dehydrohalogenation of a halohydrin or by reacting a hypohalite or hypohalous acid with an ethylenically unsaturated compound at the site of unsaturation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 518.  Processes wherein (1) a halchydrin (X=halogen) is dehydrohalogenated to form an oxirane ring or (2) a hypohalite or hypohalous acid reacts with an ethylenically unsaturated compound at the site of ethylenic unsaturation.
(1) Note. The hypohalite or hypohalous acid may be formed in situ, e.g., from X2 and H2O.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 521]    521Oxirane ring and chalcogen, cyano, nitrogen, or halogen are bonded directly to the same carbon (e.g., glycidyl ester formed, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 520.  Processes of forming a glycidyl containing compound wherein bonded directly to the acyclic carbon of the glycidyl moiety is chalcogen (e.g., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), cyano (i.e., -C=N), nitrogen, or halogen.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the formation of glycidyl ethers, esters, amides, etc. The compounds formed have the following basic structure, where X=chalcogen, -CN, -N, halogen.

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 522]    522Oxirane ring is unsubstituted or hydrocarbyl substituted only
 This subclass is indented under subclass 520.  Processes wherein the substituents on the oxirane ring of the compound formed are limited to hydrogen or hydrocarbon groups.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 523]    523Epoxidation at site of ethylenic unsaturation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 518.  Processes for reacting an ethylenically unsaturated compound with an oxidizing agent so that oxygen supplied by the oxidizing agent forms an oxirane ring at the site of ethylenic unsaturation.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 524]    524Liquid phase epoxidation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 523.  Processes wherein a reactant is in liquid form or wherein the reaction takes place in a substance which is liquid during the reaction.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 525]    525Organic peracid utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 524.  Processes wherein the oxidizing agent includes an organic peracid.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 526]    526In situ formation of the organic peracid from carboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide
 This subclass is indented under subclass 525.  Processes wherein the organic peracid is formed from a carboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the epoxidation reaction medium rather than having been preformed and added to said reaction medium.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 527]    527Epoxidizing unsaturated fat or fatty oil, or unsaturated derivative thereof
 This subclass is indented under subclass 526.  Processes wherein a naturally occurring unsaturated higher fatty acid having seven or more carbon atoms bonded to a carboxyl group, or an unsaturated derivative thereof, is epoxidized.
(1) Note. The term "derivative", as used herein, includes those chemical modifications which involve the conversion of the carboxyl group into a carbonylic derivative thereof which on hydrolysis reverts to the carboxyl group, e.g., salts, amides, esters, acid halides, and acid anhydrides, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 528]    528Epoxidizing unsaturated fat or fatty oil, or unsaturated derivative thereof
 This subclass is indented under subclass 525.  Processes wherein a naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid having seven or more carbon atoms bonded to a carboxyl group, or unsaturated derivative thereof, is epoxidized.
(1) Note. The term "derivative", as used herein, includes those chemical modifications which involve the conversion of the carboxyl group into a carbonylic derivative thereof which on hydrolysis reverts to the carboxyl group; e.g., salts, amides, esters, acid halides, and acid anhydrides, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 529]    529Organic hydroperoxide reactant
 This subclass is indented under subclass 524.  Processes in which the oxidizing agent includes R-OOH, wherein R is a organic radical.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

525,for a process of forming an oxirane ring wherein an organic peracid is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 530]    530Boron containing catalyst utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 529.  Processes wherein a boron containing catalyst is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 531]    531Hydrogen peroxide utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 524.  Processes wherein the epoxidizing agent includes H2O2.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

526,for processes wherein a peracid is also present.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 532]    532Air or molecular oxygen utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 524.  Processes wherein the epoxidizing agent includes a gas containing molecular oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 533]    533Heavy metal containing catalyst utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 532.  Processes wherein a catalyst which contains a metal having a specific gravity greater than 4 is present.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 534]    534Silver containing catalyst utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 523.  Processes wherein a silver containing catalyst is employed.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 535]    535Fluidized catalyst
 This subclass is indented under subclass 534.  Processes wherein the catalyst particles are fluidized by passing gaseous reactants upward through them.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 536]    536Additional heavy metal containing material utilized (e.g., promoter which contains heavy metal utilized, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 534.  Processes wherein a material containing a metal having a specific gravity greater than 4, in addition to the silver, is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 537]    537Group IIA light metal containing material utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 534.  Processes wherein a material which contains a Group IIA light metal is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 538]    538Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 534.  Processes which include separating an oxirane containing compound from an impurity or by-product.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 539]    539Ether or -COO- group formed
 This subclass is indented under subclass 513.  Processes wherein an ether group or -COO- group is formed.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 540]    540Isomerization, halogenation, hydrogenation, or dehydrohalogenation to form compound
 This subclass is indented under subclass 513.  Processes wherein the oxirane containing compound is formed by isomerization, halogenation, hydrogenation, or dehydrohalogenation.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 541]    541Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 513.  Processes which include separating an oxirane containing compound from an impurity or by-product.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 542]    542By adsorption or by chemical reaction with impurity
 This subclass is indented under subclass 541.  Processes whereby the purification or recovery is effected by adsorption or by chemical reaction with an impurity.
  
[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 543]    543Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 512.  Compounds wherein the oxirane ring is a cyclo in a polycyclo ring system.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 544]    544Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 543.  Compounds in which the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly four cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 545]    545Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 543.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly three cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 546]    546Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 543.  Compounds wherein the polycyclo ring system consists of exactly two cyclos.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 547]    547Plural bicyclo ring systems each having a hetero ring as one of the cyclos
 This subclass is indented under subclass 546.  Compounds which contain at least two bicyclo ring systems, each having a hetero ring as one of the cyclos.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 548]    548Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 512.  Compounds in which a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is bonded directly to the oxirane ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 549]    549The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 548.  Compounds in which the -- is part of a --X-group, wherein the X"s are the same or different chalcogens (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 550]    550Cyano, nitrogen, or halogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 512.  Compounds in which cyano (i.e., -C=N), nitrogen, or halogen is bonded directly to the oxirane ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 551]    551Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 512.  Compounds in which nitrogen is attached indirectly to the oxirane ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 552]    552Cyano or nitrogen and the hetero ring bonded directly to the same carbon
 This subclass is indented under subclass 551.  Compounds wherein cyano (i.e., -C=N) or nitrogen and the oxirane ring are bonded directly to the same carbon.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 553]    553The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 551.  Compounds wherein the nitrogen is additionally bonded directly to a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium).
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 554]    554Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 512.  Compounds in which chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) is attached indirectly to the oxirane ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 555]    555Chalcogen and the hetero ring bonded directly to the same carbon (e.g., glycidyl ethers, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 554.  Compounds wherein chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium) and the oxirane ring are both bonded directly to the same carbon.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 556]    556Sulfur or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 555.  Compounds in which sulfur or a -- group, wherein X is chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium), is attached indirectly to the oxirane ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 557]    557The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group or a -X-X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens (e.g., -COO-HCH-oxirane, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 556.  Compounds in which the chalcogen, X, is in a --X- group or in a -X-X- group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 558]    558Halogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 555.  Compound in which halogen is attached indirectly to the oxirane ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 559]    559Carbocyclic ring containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 558.  Compounds which contain a carbocyclic ring.
(1) Note. Examples of compounds provided for herein are:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 560]    560Carbocyclic ring containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 555.  Compounds which contain a carbocyclic ring.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 561]    561The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
 This subclass is indented under subclass 554.  Compounds in which the chalcogen, X, is part of a --X- group, wherein the X"s are the same or diverse chalcogens.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 562]    562Additional -C(=X)- or other sulfur attached indirectly to the hetero ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 561.  Compounds in which an additional -C(=X)- group or sulfur, other than as part of the -C(=X)X- group, is attached indirectly to the oxirane ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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[List of Patents for class 549 subclass 563]    563Halogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 512.  Compounds wherein halogen is attached indirectly to the oxirane ring by nonionic bonding.
(1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

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