Class Definition for Class 410 - FREIGHT ACCOMMODATION ON FREIGHT CARRIER

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CLASS 410,	FREIGHT ACCOMMODATION ON FREIGHT CARRIER
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

A. This is the generic class for the accommodation of discrete units of freight which have been loaded on board a freight carrier for transportation, the freight accommodation being to assure the integrity of the load unit against the hazards of dynamic forces incident to transit

The class comprehends:

Means, entitled "accommodating means" in direct contact with a load unit to inhibit untoward shifting relative to the carrier that would be hazardous to the integrity of the unit. The term "accommodating means" is the generic term therefor.

Load unit accommodation on a freight carrier is recognized by the provision of:

1. An accommodating means detail in the construction of the load-supporting section of a freight carrier;

2. Means, per se, installable or otherwise put to use on a freight carrier (like dunnage which is merely inserted between load units);

3. Particular means on an exterior surface of the load unit (usually, of the load bearer type) itself; particularly provided, that is, to contact and thereby to cooperate with a corresponding construction of the freight carrier to achieve the accommodation of the load unit thereon;

4. An arrangement of an article of freight or the grouping of articles in such a way or to assure the integrity of the load against untoward shifting on board the freight carrier. Accommodating means may, but need not necessarily be required nor used to effect the arrangement; or

5. Freight accommodating methods, namely (a) associating a load unit present on the freight carrier with the appropriate accommodating means or (b) arranging (e.g., grouping) a load unit on the freight carrier.

(1) Note. Cautionary note: A step of loading onto or of unloading a load unit from a freight carrier places the combination beyond the limits of this class; for which greater combination see the material or article handling class. B. Present the critical element of load unit accommodation as herein defined, placement in the class is on a predominant disclosure basis. An invention will be found herein when the subject matter of the invention, regardless of breadth is disclosed as: 1. A support or receptacle which has a use as a freight carrier vehicle body part, e.g., an on-and-off container or other load bearer provided with the accommodating means referred to above. 2. Article securing or bracing structure which in use is attached to, installed on, or even merely placed on board a freight carrier for freight accommodation (e.g., dunnage). 3. Structure concerning which the advance in the state of the art has caused to be recognized as uniquely suitable to freight accommodation on a freight carrier. The emphasis in the disclosure of load unit accommodation on freight carrier for this class should be on a level equivalent to a principal embodiment description. However, as to the state of the art test, a presumption of load unit accommodation on a freight carrier not negated in the disclosure will serve for inclusion of the document in this class (410). In fact, except where clearly negated by the detailed description, this class is available as a depository for such state of the art structure as dunnage structures for load bracing and twist lock devices for load bearer retention even when not pinpointed in the description for use on a freight carrier. 4. A load bearer which is a shipping support on which a single article is secured for on-and-off stowage aboard a freight carrier. This subject matter is provided for in this class, even when the shipping support load bearer does not include the accommodating means cooperating with the freight carrier. This is so because the state of the art recognition of the equivalency in the art of the shipping support load bearer, whether or not provided with such cooperating means, has become so integrated at the time of the inception of this class (410) that the search for both has been quite merged.

(1) Note. Cautionary note: A shipping support lacking the accommodating means and supporting a group of articles on a freight carrier has not been classified in this class (410) but will be found elsewhere. A freight container absent the accommodating structure cooperating between the container and the freight carrier will also be found elsewhere. See References to Other Classes. A term which is defined in this class (410) definition, and is limited to a single word, is identified by an asterisk. Where a group of words defines the term, parentheses are used to identify the beginning and end of the term; and this is followed by an asterisk.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

INTERNAL PLAN OF THIS CLASS

A. Class 410 consists of three major groupings, as follows:

1. Particular Article Accommodation, (see Subclass References to the Current Class, for the location of the definition of this term) - subclass 2+

2. Load Bearer Accommodation, (see Subclass References to the Current Class, for the location of the definition of this term) - 52+

3. Subcombinational Subject Matter, namely (a) Load Lashing - 96+; and (b) Load Bracing, i.e., Yieldable Brace - 117+, and Load Bracing - 121 (generally). (see Subclass References to the Current Class, for the location of the definition of these terms)

The accommodation to the shape of the particular article in this first group being of essence and the disclosure being almost inevitably to such a detail, inventions limited to the subcombination will nevertheless be uniformly classified in that superior locus (subclasses 2+) and will be found as a cross-reference only in the subcombinational loci, subclasses 96+ or, in particular, subclasses 117+ and 121+.

B. Search Time And Storage Economization: Search Units.

1. Economy in search time and retrieval efficiency and in search area storage space has been incorporated in the internal plan of this class. This was done by the abstraction from the more generalized art of some particular subclasses certain subjects matter meriting low priority as the depository of the original (as opposed to the cross-reference copy) of a document in the classification schedule. As a result, subclasses of such low priority subject matter recur as indents under classified loci of higher priority (typically as subcombinations in different superior and separately classified combinations). Recurring sets of extractions or "break outs" have thus been developed out of separate but mutually related indented subclasses. They are usually quite small. A one "break out" readily matches a second (sometimes also a third) freed from the disclosures in principal subclasses entirely extraneous to the particular search needs for which "search units" have been devised.

2. Search Units: Where these "break out" pairs (or triplets) most closely coincide in extensiveness and analogousness further economy is achieved by emphatic discouragement of cross-referencing internally of one another but rather, are singled out and can be identified as constituting search units. They are easily recognized and identifiable in the Class 410 schedule.

3. The vehicle classes: The vehicle classes involved in the haulage of freight, absent the freight accommodation feature(s) as defined in section I, above, are:

RELATIONSHIP TO THE VEHICLE CLASSES

The vehicle classes involved in the haulage of freight, absent the freight accommodation features as defined in the Class Definition, above, are found in References to Other Classes below.

Excluded from this class (410) are (a) haulage of material in bulk, whether fluid, aggregate, particulate or in any bulk form. However, a rigid-wall receptacle which contains fluent or other bulk material qualifies as a load unit (of the load bearer type) for this class (410); and (b) very short distance movement of articles on a vehicle propelled by a walking attendant handler (e.g., from a building to a moving van); for which see References to Other Classes, below.

Securement means for articles on a pleasure vehicle for the pleasure or convenience of the occupant(s), particularly, are provided for elsewhere.

RELATIONSHIP TO THE RECEPTACLE AND SUPPORT CLASSES:

The receptacle and support classes include disclosures for the provision of securement or bracing of an object or of a group of objects intended for shipment together as a unit, but excluded from the instant class (410) because of absence of accommodating means cooperating with a freight carrier. The receptacle classes of this description may be found in References to Other Classes below.

The support classes are found in Reference to Other Classes, below.

The receptacle and support classes are in particular related to subclass(es) 52+ of the instant class (410) in that a receptacle or support is recognized as a load bearer when conforming to the limitations set forth in the Class Definition; i.e., having means cooperating with a freight carrier to effect the accommodation thereof on the freight carrier. Placement in the instant

Class 410 is in no way barred because of further inclusion of details of receptacle or support structures. This class is the appropriate locus too, for a receptacle or support disclosed as being, in fact (a) a freight carrier body part, and (b) provided with accommodating means for a stowed load unit, e.g., the particular article under subclasses 2+.

RELATIONSHIP TO ARTICLE HANDLING CLASSES

See References to Other Classes for the generic article handling class, which provides for the means and method of loading and unloading freight on-and-off a freight carrier.

See References to OTher classes for article handling classes that provide for means for tautening flexible material about a load of objects--absent the attachment of the load to the freight carrier--and that provide for container lift loading and unloading devices of the spreader frame type. (This type lift device includes latch elements akin to the retainers of of the instant class (410), particularly akin to the twist lock type found in Class 410).

RELATIONSHIP TO ATTACHMENT DEVICE SUBCOMBINATIONS, ELEMENTS:

See REferences to Other Classes, below, for attachment devices used to secure objects to one another only, to make up a load unit found on a freight carrier, but which devices do not couple the load unit to the freight carrier.

Class 188 Brakes, subclass 32 is the generic locus for a wheel chock, recognized as a brake on the ground whereas the instant Class 410 is the locus for such a device used on board a freight carrier to stabilize freight; compare with instant Class 410, subclass 30 for a wheel chock for a stowed vehicle; and subclasses 49+ for a chock for stowed cylindrical article, generally. Compare, too, with instant subclass 62 for fore-and-aft accommodation of a stowed vehicle where the aft-end accommodating means may be a wheel chock. (Attachment Device Class)

RELATIONSHIP TO STOCK MATERIAL CLASSES

The locus for members of indeterminate shape, as for load bracing, e.g., dunnaging, is found elsewhere. When in fact of such a shape so as to be beyond the scope of that class, a bracing member will be found in the instant class (410) in subclasses 117+ when of flexible (i.e., flexible wall) material; subclass 121 being the principal subclass for load bracing; and subclasses 154 and 155 for, respectively, edge around and honeycomb dunnage. Subclass References to the Current Class of this class (410) is particularly relevant as a guide to the location of dunnage in the instant Class 410. (Stock Material Class)

SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

2,	for definition of the term Particular Article.
52,	for definition of the term Load Bearer.
68,	for a load unit of the load bearer type.
71,	for definition of Corner Pedestal.
77,	for definition of Retainer.
77,	(1) Note, for definition of Retainer, Rigid Or Hold-down Type.
82+,	for twist lock type retainers.
96,	for Load Lashing.
97,	for definition of Wraparound Lashing
101+,	for anchor part which directly engages the end of a flaccid material member to secure that end at an anchor location whereby to define the point from which the member diverges from the freight carrier surface.
106,	for the anchor-array one-piece member shaped or arranged to require no tie piece.
107,	see Tie Piece in the Glossary below.
117,	for definition of Yieldable Brace (i.e., flaccid or deformable).
121,	for definition of Brace and Load Bracing.
154,	155, for dunnage, species thereof.

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., include attachment devices used to secure objects to one another only, to make up a load unit found on a freight carrier, but which devices do not couple the load unit to the freight carrier. The class includes, for example, fasteners for coupling containers to one another; for which see subclass 287 for container-to-container locking devices including those of the twist lock type which operate like those of the instant class (410). (Attachment Device Class)
105,	Railway Rolling Stock, 239+ for dumping car bodies; and subclasses 358+ for tank cars; subclasses 355+ for freight car bodies; and subclasses 404+ for freight car frames and other structure. (Vehicle class involved in haulage of freight)
108,	Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces, see, particularly, subclasses 51.11+ for pallets; (Support Class)
114,	Ships, subclasses 72+ for freighters; subclasses 73+ for bulk cargo freighters. (Vehicle class involved in haulage of freight)
180,	Motor Vehicles, (Vehicle class involved in haulage of freight)
188,	Brakes, subclass 32 is the generic locus for a wheel chock, recognized as a brake on the ground whereas the instant Class 410 is the locus for such a device used on board a freight carrier to stabilize freight. See Lines With Other Classes, for a further discussion of the line (Attachment Device Class)
206,	Special Receptacle or Package, for shipping support lacking the accommodating means and supporting a group of articles on a freight carrier.
206,	Special Receptacle or Package, appropriate subclass, frequently according to the specifically provided for article; (Receptacle Class)
211,	Supports: Racks, (support class)
220,	Receptacles, see particularly subclasses 1.5+ for freight container, including invention in locking on-and-off containers to one another. (Receptacle Class)
224,	Package and Article Carriers, subclasses 400+ for securement means for articles on a pleasure vehicle for the pleasure or convenience of the occupant(s). (Vehicle class involved in haulage of freight)
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, subclasses 118.1+ for cargo planes; (Vehicle class involved in haulage of freight)
248,	Supports, (support class)
254,	Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force, subclasses 199+ provide for means for tautening flexible material about a load of objects---absent the attachment of the load to the freight carrier. The more comprehensive combination (including freight accommodation on the freight carrier) is proper for the instant class (410), for which see subclasses 34+, when the load consists of a tautened group of particular articles; and subclasses 96+ for load lashing of indiscriminate articles of freight. (Article Handling Class)
280,	Land Vehicles, for example, subclasses 423.1+ for semitrailers (Vehicle class involved in haulage of freight)
280,	Land Vehicles, for very short distance movement of articles on a vehicle propelled by a walking attendant handler (e.g., from a building to a moving van); subclasses 47.131+ (for a two-wheel or other type unstable vehicle), and subclasses 47.17+, and 47.34+. (Vehicle class)
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclass 81 provides for container lift loading and unloading devices of the spreader frame type. This type lift device includes latch elements akin to the retainers of of the instant class (410), particularly akin to the twist lock type found in lass 410). (Article Handling Class)
296,	Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops, (Vehicle class involved in haulage of freight)
298,	Land Vehicles: Dumping, (Vehicle class)
414,	Material or Article Handling, is the generic article handling class. The class provides for the means and method of loading and unloading freight on-and-off a freight carrier. The relevant loci in that class (the article handling vehicle search areas) include subclasses 333 , 334+, 337, 338, 339, 340+, 349+, 352+, 354+, and 373+ for various combinations of one or more moving or stationary freight carrier(s) and an external means of some nature for loading or unloading, or cooperating in the loading or unloading thereof. (Article Handling Class)
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, is the locus for members of indeterminate shape, as for load bracing, e.g., dunnaging. (Stock Material Class)

SECTION V - GLOSSARY

Also see Subclass References To The Current Class, above, for the location of the definition of other Glossary terms.

CUSHIONING MEANS:

Fore-and-aft slide cushioning means - Load unit protection means supplementing load accommodation. The effect of inadvertently inertial forces which could cause damage to the load unit is mitigated by means so supplementing accommodation as to permit such an extent of reactive movement of the load unit or the accommodating means, or both as to be adequate to prevent damage that could occur were the load rigidly fixed to the freight carrier. When the forces guarded against and the reactive movement acts in the direction along the longitudinal axis of the freight carrier, this is recognized as fore-and- aft direction slide cushioning. The effect of only mere compression-relaxation of a resilient block is not intended to be included in the cushioning concept.

LOAD LASHING RETAINER

Retainer which includes flaccid material accommodating means, the virtue of the flaccidity being in its infinite deflective capacity so that the means can (inter alia) (a) closely conform to exterior configurations of load units, (b) extend in guided changes in direction from the locus of securement to the freight carrier to that of the retentive engagement with the load unit, and (c) most particularly, under subjection to force multiplying means, be so tightly engaged with the load unit, and over such critical configurations of the load unit surface that the engagement of this nature constitutes load unit retention. A load lashing retainer may consist of a combination of rigid material and flaccid material elements provided that the flaccid material element (or member) is significant in the combination. Significance is present when the flaccid material element member is used (a) to attach the load lashing retainer to the freight carrier or retentively to connect with the load unit, or (b) to extend between the freight carrier attachment member and load unit securement member (one or both of which members are rigid) to impart to the load lashing retainer made up of these members unique advantages of flaccidity described in the preceding paragraph. Not all flaccid load unit accommodating relationships are, in fact, retentive. Tight encirclement of the load (i.e., wraparound lashing) tautened engagement with the load under the effect of force multiplying means, and a tiedown (defined hereinbelow) do, however, invariably accomplish load lashing retention.

TIE PIECE

The anchor part which directly engages the end of a flaccid material member to secure that end at an anchor location whereby to define the point from which the member diverges from the freight carrier surface. The term is used in the context of bi-partite construction in that the tie piece is an add-on (e.g., welded on) part, the other part of the anchor being the mounting for freight carrier attachment. Commonly, the mounting is a one-piece member shaped or otherwise so constructed or arranged on a freight carrier as to define an array of anchor locations, at one or more of which the add-on tie piece is attached. See Subclass References To The Current Class, above.

TIEDOWN

A load lashing retainer which diverges from the freight carrier surface whereat it is attached and extends and terminates at the point or localized area of attachment to the load units.

SUBCLASSES

1	INCLUDING TURNTABLE FOR LOAD, E.G., FOR SEMITRAILER:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Structure in which the freight carrier has a supporting surface which is rotatable to turn lading which it underlies (typically, a semitrailer or other wheeled vehicle for transhipment) between positions (a) for loading and unloading, and (b) for transit aboard the freight carrier.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 2]

PARTICULAR ARTICLE ACCOMMODATION:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Structure for accommodating, by direct contact, an article of the type which satisfies a particular need elsewhere (i.e., is not merely a bearer for the load in shipment, like a container or pallet), which structure is designed, in its contact with the lading, to take advantage of a particular configuration of the lading, or one of its parts, to minimize a carrying problem arising from such particular configuration, e.g., tendency of a cylindrical article to roll.

(1) Note. Included herein (see indented subclasses 31+) is the accommodation of articles by their having been grouped in a particular way or by having been otherwise so arranged on the freight carrier that a foreseeable problem in transit is minimized.

(2) Note. The class definition section, Internal Plan of This Class relating to this and the indented subclasses is reviewed, as follows: placement in this and indented subclasses is on a predominant disclosure basis, which means that, in the absence of a controlling claim barring such placement or an overwhelming emphasis in the total disclosure to that same effect, this is the locus (subclasses 2+) for the original placement of an invention to accommodating means for the particular article. Accordingly: a. A generic invention to structure disclosed as accommodating a semitrailer or container (ordinarily classified under subclasses 52+) and equally applicable to the accommodation of a particular article (a farm tractor in transit, for example) will be classified as an original in subclasses 2+ and will appear in subclass(es) 52+ only as a cross-reference where necessary. b. Subclasses 2+ will take an invention to a load lashing means or load bracing means subcombination for a particular article or group of articles and only a cross-reference will be placed in subclasses 96+, load lashing, or subclasses 121+, load bracing means; the locus for the lashing or bracing subcombinations, respectively, of general freight.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 2

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

35,	for a group of articles stowed on board a freight carrier together with an on-and-off base.
46,	for a shipping support onto which a single article only has been secured for on-and-off storage on board a freight carrier.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 3]

Wheeled vehicle:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Structure in which the freight carrier is particularly designed or equipped to accommodate that class of article which, in its normal use, moves along a land surface by means of its underlying supporting structure which rolls along that surface.

(1) Note. This (the principal) subclass includes inventions for bicycle stowage.

(2) Note. Semitrailers are presumed to be load bearers, not, in themselves, particular articles of freight.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 3

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

56+,	for the stowage of freight-laden semitrailers.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 4]

Four-wheeled vehicle accommodation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Structure in which the freight carrier is particularly designed or equipped to accommodate such a wheeled vehicle as has sets of running gear from corner-to-corner across the forward and the rear ends.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 4

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

206,	Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 335 for a four-wheel vehicle or group of vehicles preassembled in an on-and-off container for shipment on a freight carrier, absent means for interengagement with the freight carrier for accommodation against the hazards of transportation.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 5]

Overturned or on-edge vehicle arrangement

This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Overturned or on-edge vehicle arrangement: Structure for retaining the stowed vehicle upon the carrier at an attitude substantially 905 or 1805 from the road condition attitude.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 5

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

3,	(the principle subclass) for an upended arrangement in the stowage of bicycles.
13+,	for four-wheel vehicles stowage structure in which an end only of the stowed vehicle is raised to maintain it at an inclination of approximately 455.
24+,	for slanted deck structure to support stowed vehicles at about a 455 angle.

6	Ramp becomes vehicle sustainer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Structure including panel means constituting a vertical panel at the side edge of the freight carrier and mounted for swinging movement outboard thereof for rolling or placement of a vehicle thereonto for stowage, and means for securing the vehicle to the panel whereby, when the panel is then swung to its vertical position upward from the edge of the carrier the panel means further functions to sustain the stowed vehicle attached thereto at substantially 905 to its normal road use attitude.

7	*Vehicle retainer:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Structure including a retainer*; i.e., member(s) secured to the carrier and particularly constructed for direct securement engagement with a part of the stowed vehicle

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 8]

Multipositionable; i.e., along array strip or track:

This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Structure in which the carrier is further provided with an elongated mounting member which has retainer positioning locations therealong; and in which (a) the retainer engageable with the stowed vehicle part extends from the location selected as being the suitable one for retaining the vehicle on the freight carrier, or (b) the elongated mounting member is shaped to guide the vehicle retainer for sliding movement therealong to the selected location.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 8

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

104+,	for a track to guide a load lashing anchor to the suitable location on the freight carrier.
108+,	113+ and 115, for an array of anchors.
150,	for a track to guide a brace bar along a freight carrier to its load bracing position.

9	*Wheel hub, or axle retainer:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Structure in which the retainer* retentively engages that particular functional part of the stowed vehicle, i.e., a wheel, which rolls along the land surface in the normal road use of the vehicle; or that particular functional part which provides, or from which extends the road-use bearing axis for the rolling part.

10	*Tiedown:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Structure in which the retainer* for the stowed vehicle is a tiedown*.

11	*Tiedown:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Structure in which the retainer* for the stowed vehicle is a tiedown*.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 12]

Including force-multiplying takeup or tensioning means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Structure which includes tautening means effective to multiply the force applied to the tiedown and thence to the stowed vehicle over that of a mere straight-line pull, e.g., drum or winch, turnbuckle, jack strew, but not mere linkage.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 12

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

38+,	for force-multiplying means for forcing articles in a group into compactedly close proximity.
103,	for a load-lashing anchor incorporating force-multiplying means.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 13]

In arrangement in which the vehicle end, at least, is raised to hood section height:

This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Structure including means maintaining at least one end of a stowed vehicle supported at a level above the freight carrier floor a distance not less than the anticipatable conventional hood section height of a stowed vehicle.

(1) Note. The arrangement of this subclass, typically, is for overlapping with another vehicle intended to be transported.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 13

14	Elevatable deck suspended from hoist line
	This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Elevatable deck suspended from hoist line: Structure including support member(s) directly underlyingly engaging four-wheels of a stowed vehicle and mounted on the freight carrier for movement between raised transport position and lowered loading position; and means including a flexible member, e.g., chain, cable for raising the support member(s) and maintaining the member(s) higher than the carrier floor.

15	Lift simultaneously erects pivoted prop:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Structure including leg means hinged at its ends to the carrier floor and to the vehicle-underlying support member(s) so as to be raised along with the elevatable deck members from prone position to an erect position to cooperate in sustaining the deck.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 16]

Including wheel-straddling member which is a retainer* or retainer* adjunct:

This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Structure in which the member in direct securement engagement with the stowed vehicle is effective either (a) by engagement with the vehicle wheel, which engagement is uninterruptedly across a wheel dimension transverse to the circumference, i.e., substantially from sidewall to sidewall, or (b) by extension from wheel straddling structure to a location in securement engagement with another functional part of the stowed vehicle.

(1) Note. Accommodating structure such as a straddle or cradle does not constitute retentive securement where only the lower wheel quadrant is engaged; whereas retention amounting to securement necessarily is effected when similar structure encompasses the upper wheel quadrant(s).

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 16

17	*Including suspended retainer member or prop:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Structure in which the freight carrier is a walled vehicle and in which an elongate arm or flexible means depends from substantially the highest portion of the carrier interior either (a) to bring a retainer* member into its direct, retentive contact with a vehicle part, or (b) to abut and thereby brace either the retained vehicle or some part of the retainer*.

18	*Retainer arm or prop extending from freight carrier wall:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Structure in which is included a rigid, elongate member extending from a vertical surface of the freight carrier either (a) to bring a retainer* member into direct retentive contact with a stowed vehicle part, the retainer member being at the distal end of said elongate member, or (b) to abut and thereby brace either the stowed vehicle or some part of the retainer* structure.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 19]

For wheel, hub, or axle shaft:

This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Structure in which a retainer* member(s) is retentively attachable to the stowed vehicle functional part that rolls along the land surface in the normal road use of the vehicle; or to that particular functional part that provides or from which extends the road-use bearing axis for the rolling member.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 19

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

9+,	for a multipositionable (e.g., track-mounted) wheel, hub, or axle retainer.
16,	for a wheel straddling retainer in a raised vehicle arrangement.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 20]

Wheel wraparound*:

This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Structure in which the retainer* is a wraparound* in tight encirclement about the upper quadrants of a wheel.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 20

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

9+,	for a wheel, hub, or axle shaft retainer in a raised vehicle arrangement.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 21]

(Load lashing retainer)*:

This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Structure in which the retainer* is a (load lashing retainer)*.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 21

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,	for disclosed but not claimed hub or axle retainer structure quite commonly mounted on a "semi-decking" frame (an art term for the angularly propped vehicle sustaining deck).
48,	for a rigid retainer effective by contact with the core or hub of a cylindrical article, e.g., reel, or wheel not mounted to a vehicle.

22	*Hub or axle shaft retainer:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Structure in which a retainer* member is retentively attachable to that particular functional part of the stowed vehicle that provides, or from which extends the road-use bearing axis for the vehicle wheel.

23	*Tiedown:**
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Structure in which the retainer* is a tiedown*.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 24]

Raised vehicle arrangement:

This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Structure comprising means for supporting at least one end of the stowed vehicle above the freight carrier floor at a height at least that of the anticipatable conventional hood section height.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 24

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

13+,	for a raised vehicle arrangement in which is included a retainer for the stowed vehicle.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 24.1]

24.1

Including above-cab stowage:

This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Structure including means so located and constructed as to support at least one end section of a stowed vehicle directly over the compartment of the freight carrier operator.

(1) Note. The support means may be, or may include the vehicle cab roof to provide elevated height stowage.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 24.1

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 25]

Interrupted or recessed wheel support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Raised vehicle arrangement structure in which spaced supporting portions or members engage respective lower quadrant portions of a stowed vehicle wheel perimeter, whereby the intervening perimetral portion, which normally sustains the vehicle mass, as during road use, is uncontacted by said member or portions.

(1) Note. Another sunken and upwardly concave member may, however, span the space between the member or portions to substantially conform to and contact the lower half perimeter of the wheel.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 25

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

26,	for a raised vehicle arrangement wherein the underlying support, in the raised vehicle arrangement, is planar so as to contact the vehicle wheel at that point at which it normally sustains the vehicle mass.
30,	for wheel chock or cradle means to inhibit the rolling tendency of a vehicle wheel.
49+,	for similar means to inhibit the rolling tendency of any other cylindrical article.
57,	for the fore-and-aft accommodation of a semitrailer which could include similar sunken area structure for accommodating the rear wheels.
65,	for a rear wheel accommodating sunken area accommodating the stowage of a semitrailer.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 26]

Multilevel deck; i.e., four-wheel support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Structure including one or more planar members supporting the stowed vehicle entirely above the carrier floor by direct underlying engagement with all four-wheels of said vehicle, whereby the freight carrier floor sustains a vehicle at the requisite height above a lower level.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 26

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 371+ for a railway freight carrier convertible to multideck structure for hauling indiscriminate freight.
206,	Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 335 for a multilevel deck, on-and-off shipping container for delivery and shipment of vehicles on board a freight carrier.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 27]

Including interdeck transfer way:

This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Structure including further structure underlyingly receiving the vehicle wheel(s) thereupon and constituting either an elevator or inclined ramp for transit of vehicles between the vertically spaced decks.

(1) Note. Elevating structure, per se, and nothing more, is proper for this subclass only when, either in itself or together with another elevator(s), it provides a substantially continuous elevated support for a plurality of vehicles at least temporarily, for loading and unloading. The elevator or ramp must be in addition to, and for service between, a plurality of decks level. Absent the above, see principal subclass 26 for an inclined fixed height structure sustaining the four-wheels of a single stowed vehicle and subclasses 14+ for such a structure which is adjustable, e.g., elevatable.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 27

28	On dropped-center car:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Structure in which the freight carrier floor which underlyingly supports the vehicle wheels is of an extent to include a center area lower than the freight carrier running gear supports and another area extending therefrom to a level to support a part, at least, of a stowed vehicle directly above a running gear support.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 28.1]

28.1

On dropped section freight carrier:

This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Structure in which the freight carrier floor includes longitudinally contiguous areas, namely, a relatively high area at an end section of the freight carrier and a relatively lower area longitudinally inward thereof, whereby a vehicle may be towed athwart the areas at an incline with respective ends thereof supported at the corresponding floor areas.

(1) Note. The freight carrier of this subclass is of the type which is wheeled and is for highway travel and includes a floor section inward of the running gear used to advantage in freight haulage in being constructed lower than the running gear height.

(2) Note. The stowed vehicle may be supported, front and rear, directly on respective floor sections, or on structure supported by and straddling the floor sections.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 28.1

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 29]

Vertically swingable from hinge at freight carrier wall:

This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Structure in which the deck structure is pivotally mounted at the freight carrier wall for vertical swinging movement.

(1) Note. The hinged deck structure may include a plurality of members, of which each, or a pair of each extends from opposite walls of the freight carrier for supporting corresponding pairs of the supported vehicle wheels.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 29

29.1	Higher level deck positioned, then sustained by power cylinder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Structure in which the member which underlyingly supports the stowed vehicle by its wheels is vertically adjustable and in which piston and cylinder telescoping tube means has one end attached to the member and the other end to a point on the freight carrier, the telescoping tube means being subject to the influence of force from a fluid source to effect elongation thereof to position the wheel support member at the requisite height, or attitude at which the piston and cylinder means cooperates in retaining the vehicle support means.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 30]

Wheel cradle, chock, or well:

This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Structure wherein the means to accommodate the stowed vehicle engages the wheel(s) thereof at location(s) extending to, but not beyond both lower quadrants of the wheel periphery; or along, but not beyond, a substantial perimetral length of a lower wheel quadrant.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 30

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

49,	for cradle structure accommodating a cylindrical article other than a wheel mounted on a vehicle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

188,	Brakes, subclass 32 for a chock, recognized as a brake on the ground for that class and subclass, and which may be used to chock a vehicle wheel on a surface other than that of a freight carrier.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 31]

Grouped:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Structure particularly designed for accommodating a number of articles as a load unit, or an arrangement of such a number of articles.

(1) Note. This (the principal) subclass includes inventions particularly designed for accommodation of groups of engines, also racks or hanging hooks for meat carcasses.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 31

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

206,	Special Receptacle or Package, appropriate subclass for a group of articles which is prepackaged possibly for stowage as a load unit on board a freight carrier.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 32]

Group of articles which are, predominantly, regularly contoured; i.e., are rodlike, panel shaped, blocks, or analogous forms:

This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Structure or arrangement wherein the accommodated load unit consists of articles which are substantially the same in cross section throughout at least nearly all of their length.

(1) Note. The article, under the instant definition, may have a localized irregularity (for which, see subclass 31, indented hereunder) but remains, on the whole, "predominantly" regularly contoured, as the title to this subclass phrases it.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 32

33	Articles with protuberance or flange:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Structure or arrangement particularly designed to establish a load unit of articles shaped with a localized right-angled extension from each of their otherwise regular contours.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 34]

Grouped by load binder or press means

This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Grouped by load binder or press means: Structure including means firmly forcing the articles into compact proximity.

(1) Note. The means of this subclass may be firmly forced against the group of articles by muscle power or by force multiplying means associated with said first-named means (for which latter, see indented subclasses 38+).

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 34

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclasses 16+ for a wraparound load binder for a group of articles having no parts connected to a freight carrier; see, too, indented subclasses 19+ wherein the load binder includes a tightener; and see subclasses 68+ for a tightener, per se.

[List of Patents for class 410 subclass 35]

Grouped together with on-and-off base:

This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Structure further including underlying support structure for the load unit and united therewith by the load binder or press means for and throughout the loading and unloading sequences.

(1) Note. A rigid member underlying a load unit may be merely an element of the press means of principal subclass 34 when its dimensions are not substantially different from the remaining (side and top) press means member; rather than being so substantially dimensioned as to be clearly recognizable as a supporting base for the load unit.

Image 1 for class 410 subclass 35

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

206,	Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 386 for a group of articles prepackaged on an on-and-off base for stowage for shipment on board a freight carrier, absent means in interengagement with the freight carrier for accommodation against the hazards of transportation.

36	Cylindrical article group:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Structure in which the means firmly maintains or urges articles of substantially circular cross section into the compact proximity.
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