Process or apparatus for forming an article of commerce, which
article is a receptacle intended to encompass and hold contents
from fibrous cellulose previously matted together in thin, planar
form, commonly called paper, or from material that is similarly
handled or deformed, without substantial thinning flow thereof,
or for forming a hollow cylinder from fibrous cellulose previously
matted together in thin, planar form, or from material that is similarly
handled or deformed, without substantial thinning flow thereof.
Process or apparatus for forming generally planar or curvilinear,
relatively thin, laterally limited material that is either longitudinally
limited or unlimited (such material hereafter is called a sheet
or web workpiece) into an article of commerce or into stock material
in either of the following operations:
A. Assembling or Disassembling - (1) the act of juxtaposing
or fastening together a sheet or web workpiece and another workpiece;
or, (2) the act of disengaging a sheet or web workpiece from another
workpiece to which it had previously been fastened.
B. Bending - the act of stressing a workpiece beyond its elastic
limit, without substantial thinning flow, so that when stress is
released the workpiece will not return to its original shape.
C. Flexing - the act of moving one portion of a workpiece
with respect to another portion of that workpiece in order to place
the respective portions of the workpiece in a desired positional
relationship.
D. Surface treatment - a surface modification of a workpiece
not penetrating deeply into the surface of the workpiece, which
modification is not provided for elsewhere. Additionally, this class
is the residual home for a process or apparatus for making a cigarette
filter.
(1)
Note. The sheet or web to be formed into an article of commerce
by the method or apparatus of this class may be of any material
except when provided for elsewhere. Specifically, note the search
notes to other classes listed below.
(2)
Note. A member previously made from a sheet or web into a
three-dimensional workpiece may be considered to be a sheet or web
workpiece under the definition of this class if it is treated as
a sheet or web. For example, folding of a flap of a previously
made container is included herein.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
A. Class 156 includes:
1. Bonding of sheet or web material surfaces (e.g., causing
a supply of previously assembled labels to be united with a waxed
paper carrier).
2. Bonding of sheet or web material surfaces combined with
bringing together two work surfaces in the formation of stock material,
e.g., bringing together then bonding a first and a second web.
3. Bonding of sheet or web surfaces (with or without bringing
the surfaces together) combined with bending in formation of an
indeterminate length stock material, e.g., spirally twisting and
bonding adjacent convolutions of a paper strip to form an indefinite
length pipe or other article; or, forming laminated stock material
comprising corrugating a generally planar sheet of material and bonding
a second and a third sheet to the top and bottom thereof.
4. Bonding a sheet or web surface to another surface combined
with bringing the surfaces together in the labelling of an article.
A postage stamp is considered to be a label, as is a decorative
layer secured to an article by adhesive bonding. Note that this
is an exception to the general line regarding bringing together
and bonding a sheet or web to another member in forming an article.
B. Class 493 includes:
1. Bringing together a sheet or web member and another member,
e.g., placing a partition member inside a box.
2. Bending or flexing a sheet or web in forming an article
of commerce (e.g., bending a flap in the formation of a box from
a box blank; or, twisting and abutting adjacent convolutions of
a paper strip and then cutting the product to length in the formation
of a drinking straw).
3. Bringing together a sheet or web member and another member
and bonding the two members together in the formation of an article
of commerce (e.g., placing a partition member inside a box and gluing
the partition member to the box; assembling and uniting a handle
to a paperlike article; or, bringing a tape to a box and bonding
that tape to the box to secure the integrity of the box). An exception
to this line is the application of a label, postage stamp, or decorative
layer to an article by adhesive bonding which is to be found in
Class 156, especially subclasses 556+. Such a device which
also serves another function, such as sealing a container closed,
which would otherwise be proper for this class (493), will also
be found in Class 156.
Metal Working,
subclasses 428+ for a process of and subclasses 700+ for
apparatus for assembling, generally; including assembling a sheet
or web member with another member when (a) the members are handled
in the manner of a nonsheet or web member (e.g., placing a window
pane into a window frame or assembly therewith, etc.), (b) combined
with metal deforming other than deforming a fastener to secure,
or (c) combining an operation of that class (29) generally with
an operation of this class (493). Subclasses 33+, 592+,
and 650 for combined operations in manufacturing an article from
a nonsheet or web material as well as for the combination of construction
of an article from a sheet or web, i.e., in the manner of this class
(493) with an operation going beyond such construction. See the
note below to Class 227, Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus, for
classification of means to force a nail or staple into a workpiece
even if the workpiece is a sheet or web if there is no other article
making that is proper for this class (493).
Package Making, for a method of or apparatus for placing goods or materials
in a container. The container may serve to identify, protect, or allow
unit handling of the goods or materials; and may comprise a simple
band wrapped about the goods or materials. The combination of making
a container from sheet or web material with packaging will be found
in Class 53. Apparatus for or the method of closing a filled package,
even without any recognition of the contents, is to be found in
Class 53. Generally, the combination of making a sheet or web assembly
will be found in this class (493) if the packaged material is a
component of the package; however, search Class 53,
subclasses 394+ for making a match book and match assembly, an
exception to the general rule.
Metal Deforming, the residual locus for plastic deformation (including
bending) of metallic work (a) as simple metal stock or a blank,
(b) in combination with nonmetal, as in the case of a paper and
metal laminate, or (c) as unspecified or unidentified material which
appears to be metal.
Sewing, for means to secure two sheets of cloth or clothlike
material by a sequence of stitches. The stitches of Class 112 may
be made repeatedly in the same area, as is done in tacking a label
of paper material to a cloth member. Folding of nontextile combined
with stitching, e.g., to secure the sheets of a book signature,
is to be found in this class (493).
Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, for securing two surfaces together, generally.
Class 156 is the generic home for surface bonding. This class (493)
is the generic home for making a product from a sheet or web comprising
assembling, bending, flexing, or certain surface treatment. Between the
classes, Class 156 is directed primarily to the formation of stock
material (with many exceptions) this class (493) is directed primarily
to the formation of a finished article (but includes subcombinations
and other exceptions). Class 156 has not been screened; however,
the following is believed to generally represent the placement of
the art.
Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, particularly
subclasses 430+ for a method or apparatus for winding a composite
article and subclasses 570+ for convolutely winding a web
to form a storage package.
Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, for paper making especially
subclasses 123+ for uniting of wet paper sheets; subclass 197 for
the method of decurling or flexing, bending, straightening, or decurling
combined with paper making or as an ancillary operation to paper
making.
Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus, for means to force a nail or staple into a workpiece (or
into a stack of workpieces that are not individually treated) even
if the workpiece is a sheet or web if there is not other operation
of this class (493), e.g., no assembling, bending, flexing, or surface
treatment. Assembling of a first workpiece which is a web or sheet
and a second workpiece combined with driving a staple to secure
the relationship of the first and second workpiece is to be found
in this class (493). Similarly, engaging a first portion of a workpiece
and engaging a second portion of a workpiece and driving an elongated
fastener into the portions to secure them together will be found
in this class (493).
Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, for the step of forming a sheet or web into an
article of commerce, e.g., bag, box, etc., or into stock material
if the step involves a thinning (or thickening) flow of the material.
Commonly, shaping moist previously made paper or paperlike material
or shaping sheet or web material in a heated die involves a thinning
flow and will be found in Class 264. Shaping of this class (493)
involves only incidental thinning flow. For example, drawing a planar
sheet into a cup shape is proper for Class 264; folding radiating
portions of a sheet to form a conical shape is proper for this class.
If it is not clear from the disclosure that there is a thinning
flow of the material, shaping of such material will be found in
this class (493). A Class 264 operation combined with an operation
of this class will be found in this class (493) unless both operations
are done in the same die, which will be found in Class 264.
Sheet-Material Associating, for bringing sheets of paper having printed material
thereon together so that the printed material of one of the sheets
corresponds to the printed material of the other sheet, even when
combined with an operation of this class (493).
Bookbinding: Process and Apparatus, for processes and apparatuses for assembling, bending,
or flexing of sheet or web material peculiar to the manufacture
of a book.
Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, for apparatus for forming sheet or web material
into an article of commerce or into stock material, e.g., bag, box, etc.,
involving thinning (or thickening flow of the material). Commonly,
means for shaping sheet or web material in a heated die involves
a thinning flow and will be found in Class 425. Shaping of this
class (493) involves only incidental thinning flow. For example,
apparatus for drawing a planar sheet into a cup shape is proper
for Class 425; apparatus for folding radiating portions of a sheet
to form a generally conical shape is proper for this class (493).
If it is not clear from the disclosure that there is thinning flow
of the material, the device for shaping such material is to be found
in this class (493). Apparatus for performing a Class 425 operation
combined with apparatus to perform an operation of this class generally
will be found in this class (493) unless both operations are done
in the same mold which will be found in Class 425.
CONTROL OF OPERATION BY USE OF TEMPLET, TAPE, CARD, OR
OTHER REPLACEABLE INFORMATION SUPPLY:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method or apparatus including detecting the characteristics
(e.g., physical, electrical, etc.) of a member carrying operation
instructions for the apparatus, which member is removable from both
the workpiece and the organized structure of the apparatus, and
regulating, as a direct result of said detection, the operation
of the apparatus.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes utilizing a prepared information
supply that is to be removably placed in the apparatus. This subclass
does not include utilizing the characteristics of a permanent part
of the apparatus, such as a cam or gear, to influence the operation
of other parts.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Method or apparatus including detecting information on the
removable member, which information is in binary (digital) form
or code readable by a detecting means, wherein the detected information
is utilized to regulate the apparatus by means other than a mechanical linkage.
CONTROL MEANS ENERGIZED IN RESPONSE TO ACTIVATOR STIMULATED
BY CONDITION SENSOR:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method or apparatus including: (a) detecting any of the
following characteristics; a state or property, a change in a state
or property, or the occurrence of a predetermined event in any of
the following: a workpiece, a product of the apparatus, the apparatus
itself, or the environment of the apparatus affecting the operation
thereof; and, (b) initiating, as a direct result of said detection,
a signal other than that generated or transmitted by the detecting means;
and, (c) regulating or modifying, as a direct result of said initiation,
the operation of the apparatus, or to actuate a signal or alarm.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Method or apparatus including forming of an article of commerce
adapted to be secured to or integrated with the end of a tubular
or rodlike tobacco or tobaccolike product, which article is intended
to restrict, entrap, or alter components of the flow of gases and
combustion products from the tubular or rodlike tobacco or tobaccolike
product when burning to thereby modify the composition or condition
of gases and combustion products passing therethrough.
(1)
Note. This class is the residual home for the making of a
cigarette filter, even if the filter is not constructed of paper sheet
or web material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Method or apparatus including detecting a characteristic
of the product of a station which station either serves to juxtapose
or fasten together two workpieces or serves to bring a flowable
material into covering engagement with a workpiece.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Method or apparatus including detecting a characteristic
of a workpiece, the formed article, or of the structure that engages
a workpiece of the formed article.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Method or apparatus including the use of a detecting means
responsive to air striking it or emanating from it or responsive
to pressure or vacuum in a supply line, which supply line is for
release of air to or vacuum from the atmosphere.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Method or apparatus including use of detecting means responsive
to luminous energy and adapted to emit electrical impulses to regulate the
operation of the apparatus.
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Method or apparatus including detecting a surface characteristic
of a workpiece, which surface characteristic has been previously
formed on the workpiece to be sensed by this detector, or which
surface characteristic is a recognizable intelligence (e.g., printed
matter, machine readable code, etc.) feature for which the detector
is adapted to respond.
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Method or apparatus including detecting a characteristic
of a workpiece, which characteristic would indicate that the workpiece
is faulty or including to detecting the absence of a workpiece or
the absence of a portion of a workpiece.
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Method or apparatus wherein the first detecting means and
the second detecting means are interconnected to cooperate in regulating
an operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Method or apparatus including a detecting means responsive
to luminous energy and including another detecting means responsive to
a condition other than luminous energy.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Method or apparatus including detecting a characteristic
of the workpiece or article, which characteristic indicates that
the workpiece or article is faulty and including removing from the
apparatus any such faulty material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 17. Method or apparatus wherein the first detecting means and
the second detecting means are interconnected to cooperate in regulating
an operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Method or apparatus including detecting one of the margins
of a sheet or web workpiece and detecting the margin directly across
the workpiece.
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Method or apparatus wherein the sheet or web workpiece is
translated through the apparatus and wherein the detected margins
comprise the lateral extent of the sheet or web perpendicular to
the direction of movement thereof.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Method or apparatus including regulation of means to pierce
a workpiece, means to apply bending force to sever a workpiece,
means to apply tensile force to sever a workpiece, or a crystalline
tool applied to a workpiece to remove portions therefrom.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Method or apparatus including regulating of apparatus comprising
means to bendingly stress a workpiece beyond its elastic limit along
a line to form a permanent crease along a predetermined line.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Method or apparatus including detecting a characteristic
of a workpiece having no more than one recognized longitudinal end.
(1)
Note. A spool or coil of work is considered to be "indeterminate
length".
for making a rigid container including bringing
and indeterminate length member together with another member combined
with cutting, breaking, tearing, or abrading by a reciprocatory tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Method or apparatus including regulating the operation of
structure serving to bring a workpiece to the machine, to carry
a workpiece through the machine, or to carry a produced article
away from the machine.
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Method or apparatus including detecting a characteristic
of the component indicative of an undesired condition.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Method or apparatus including detecting force acting on
the component or the reaction of the component to force.
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Method or apparatus including regulating movement of an
operationally stationary component of the apparatus from a first
fixed location or orientation to a second fixed location or orientation,
or regulating to change the limits of movement of an operationally
moving component.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method or apparatus combined with (a) determining a physical
characteristic of a workpiece or formed article; or, (b) comparing a
physical characteristic of the workpiece or formed article with
a known standard.
(1)
Note. A known standard may be referred to as a "control".
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method or apparatus including recognition of any condition
that might endanger the operative and accordingly make provision
to limit that danger.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method or apparatus including an article constructed to
be secured to or integrated with the end of a tubular or rodlike
tobacco or tobaccolike product, which article is intended to restrict,
entrap, or alter components, of the flow of gases and combustion
products from the tubular or rodlike tobacco or tobaccolike product
when burning to thereby modify the composition or condition of such
gases and combustion products passing therethrough.
(1)
Note. The article to restrict, entrap, or alter flow of gases
and combustion products shall herein after be referred to as a "filter".
(2)
Note. This class is the residual home for making a cigarette
filter, even if the filter is not constructed of sheet or web material.
Therefore, a patent directed to the making of such a cigarette
filter will be found herein unless provided for elsewhere.
(3)
Note. A cigarette is any rodlike article of tobacco or tobaccolike
material intended to be manually manipulated directly to the mouth
of the user.
Metal Working, for manufacture of a detachable cigarette filter,
e.g., a water bottle-type tobacco smoke filter, a hookah, a cigarette
holder having a filter, etc.
Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, for a method of forming material to be used as the
filler material of a cigarette filter.
Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, for apparatus for forming material to be used as
the filler material of a cigarette filter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Method or apparatus wherein the filter formed is provided
with means to show a condition of that filter, or of the gases or
combustion products passing therethrough, or with means to allow
the user to observe the interior of that filter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Method or apparatus including supplying thermal energy to
the filter to cause a sheet or web encasing member to be fastened
to or about that filter.
(1)
Note. Included herein is both "heat sealing" and
heat drying of adhesive.
(2)
Note. Included herein is securing filtering components to
the paper encasing member.
(3)
Note. The "wrapper" or "encasing
member" of this subclass may serve to enclose the entire
cigarette and hold both the tobacco and the filter or may serve
to enclose only the components of the filter or the tobacco. Note
that recognition (or engagement) of tobacco or tobaccolike material
is excluded from this class.
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Method or apparatus combined with trimming or deforming
material being formed into a filter, or including pressing adjacent
units, e.g., fibers, of material being formed into a filter closer
together, to give the filter a configuration to better effect the
flow of gases therethrough.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes shaping of filter material with
thinning flow of the material only if combined with assembling of
filter components.
(2)
Note. Cutting or severing may be "shaping" in
this subclass.
Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, for a method of compacting to shape a mass of particulate
or fibrous material other than when making a cigarette filter component.
Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus,
subclasses 406+ for apparatus for compacting to shape a mass of
particulate or fibrous material other than when making a cigarette
filter component.
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Method or apparatus including applying energy to raise the
thermal activity of the material being made into a filter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Method or apparatus including subjecting the material being
formed to direct engagement therewith of a gas or liquid to assist
in such forming operation.
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Method or apparatus wherein the configuration of the material
being formed is that of a shaft having no more than one recognized
end, including severing to longitudinally subdivide such shaft.
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Method or apparatus including deforming or pressing together
adjacent units of filter material and subsequently bringing that
material into positional relationship with other filter material.
(1)
Note. This subclass does not include recognition of tobacco.
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Method or apparatus comprising juxtaposing or fastening
together portions of different types of filter material.
(1)
Note. A tobacco or filter wrapping paper is not considered
to be a filter material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Method or apparatus including applying higher or lower than
atmospheric pressure air to the material being assembled, or including
imparting short distance, rapid, to-and-fro movement to the material
being assembled or to structure for transport of the material to
aid in transport of the material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Method or apparatus wherein at least one of the different
materials comprises (a) material to cause another material to be
changed to the plastic state, (b) material to secure two solid components
together by adhesive bonding, (c) flowable material to form a layer
over another material, or (d) flowable material to be absorbed into
another material.
(1)
Note. Adsorption is included in this subclass.
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Method or apparatus comprising forming a filter from material
having generally elongated, textilelike strands.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method or apparatus comprising the step of or means for
performing a final operation in the construction of a receptacle
intended to serve to encompass and hold material or an article.
(1)
Note. The "final operation" required in the
definition of this subclass may be considered to be that operation
that changes something less than a container into a container.
For example, closing the bottom of a tube forms a container if it
is intended to hold goods, and that step alone will be found herein;
whereas, placing a handle on a previously formed container or on
a blank to be formed into a container will not be found in this
and the indented subclasses unless claimed in combination with a
step which may be considered to be the required "final
operation".
(2)
Note. Making a container hold material better is considered
to be the "final" operation required by the definition
of this subclass; e.g., lining a container, applying a lid to a
container, etc., makes the container hold material better and is considered
to be proper for this and the indented subclasses.
(3)
Note. A common folder for holding sheet material, with a
front and back cover is not considered to be a container because
it does not encompass the contained article; however, a similar
folder with straps on the sides to attach the upper corners of the
front and back covers is a container because it does encompass the
contained article.
for making a pliable container and for making an
envelope or closed folder, e.g., a record envelope, even if the wall
thereof is rigid, provided the envelope or folder is formed at its margin
with a single fold only, thereby making no allowance for the thickness
of the contents.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Method or apparatus including making a receptacle that is
intended to generally retain its shape during use.
![[Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 493]](../as.gif)
CLASS 493,![[List of Patents for class 493 subclass 1]](../ps.gif)
1