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CLASS 702,	DATA PROCESSING: MEASURING, CALIBRATING, OR TESTING
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class provides for apparatus and corresponding methods wherein the data processing system or calculating computer is designed for or utilized in an environment relating to a specific or generic measurement system, a calibration or correction system, or a testing system.

This class is structured into four main parts:

1. Data processing for a measurement system in a specific environment.

2. Data processing for a calibration or correction system.

3. Data processing for a testing system.

4. Data processing for a generic measurement system.

See Subclass References to the Current Class for these specific subclasses.

Scope of the class:

A. MEASUREMENT SYSTEM IN A SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT

This class is limited to data processing and calculating computer apparatus and corresponding methods for measuring in a specific environment. There must be significant claim recitation of the data processing system, process or calculating computer and nominal recitation of the specific environment. When significant structure of the device or process pertinent to the specific environment is claimed, classification is in the appropriate device or process class. Control system for specific application adapted for a sole purpose of measuring is classified in this class. This class does not includes data processing in combination with a specific application control system for controlling a device or apparatus (see References To Other Classes below for a generic or specific electrical computers and data processing control systems).

B. CALIBRATION OR CORRECTION SYSTEM

This class includes subject matter directed to data processing for calibration or correction system disclosed or claimed in plural art devices such as geometrical instrument, mechanical system, timing apparatus, fluid flow or fluid measurement, etc. (see References To Other Classes below).

C. TESTING SYSTEM

This class includes subject matter directed to data processing for testing system disclosed in plural art devices such as electrical circuit and components testing, sensing apparatus testing, signal converting, shaping or generating (see References To Other Classes below).

This outdent excludes a mere monitoring system for determining performance of a device or process under normal operation without subjecting the device or process to a specific testing procedure or signal.

D. GENERIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

This class is limited to data processing and calculating computer apparatus and corresponding methods for measuring that are not strictly adapted to one particular environment. Such apparatus and corresponding methods for measuring could extend to several different applications. There must be significant claim recitation of the data processing system, process or calculating computer. A generic control system adapted for a sole purpose of measuring is classified in this class. This class does not includes data processing in combination with a generic control system for controlling a device or apparatus (see References To Other Classes below for a generic or specific electrical computers and data processing control systems).

SECTION II - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

SECTION IV - GLOSSARY

CALCULATING OPERATIONS

Arithmetic or some limited logic operations performed upon or with signals representing numbers or values.

DATA PROCESSING

For the purpose of this class, data processing is defined as a systematic operation on data in accordance with a set of rules which results in a significant change in the data.

SUBCLASSES

1	MEASUREMENT SYSTEM IN A SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein the data processing system or calculating computer includes a measurement system or process designed for or utilized in a particular art device or application. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 85+, for data processing in a calibration or correction of a measurement system. 108+, for data processing in a testing system. 127+, for data processing in a generic measurement system. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 33,  Geometrical Instruments,   appropriate subclasses. 73,  Measuring and Testing,   appropriate subclasses for measuring and testing apparatus or processes not found elsewhere. 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   appropriate subclasses for measuring or testing electricity, per se. 356,  Optics: Measuring and Testing,   appropriate subclasses. 358,  Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing,   subclass 504 for measuring, testing and calibration of natural color facsimile. 368,  Horology: Time Measuring System or Devices,   appropriate subclasses. 374,  Thermal Measuring and Testing,   appropriate subclasses.

2	Earth science:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Subject matter wherein the measurement system or process is designed for or utilized in an area directed to the earth or its related sciences. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring and Testing,   subclass 784 for earth stresses measuring and testing. 405,  Hydraulic and Earth Engineering,   appropriate subclasses, particularly subclass 258.1 for earth treatment or control. 434,  Education and Demonstration,   subclasses 130+ for subject matter relating to the teaching of geography.

3	Weather:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Subject matter including the study of an atmospheric phenomenon of a region (e.g., rain, storm, snow, wind, etc.). (1) Note. This subclass includes weather forecasting. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 170.16+ for meteorology.

4	Lightning:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Subject matter wherein the atmospheric phenomenon is the flashing of light produced by electricity discharged in the air. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring and Testing,   subclass 170.24 for meteorologic electric disturbance (e.g., lighting). 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 72+ for testing potential in specific environment (e.g., lighting stroke).

5	Topography (e.g., land mapping):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Subject matter wherein the related sciences including the study of set of data related to natural or man-made features of an area (e.g., gravity data, terrain data, sea floor, etc.) to present, usually on maps or charts, their relative positions and elevations. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 434,  Education and Demonstration,   subclasses 130+ for geography, particularly subclasses 150+ for map or terrain model.

6	Well logging or borehole study:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Subject matter including a drill rigging apparatus or measuring tool for penetrating an earth formation to form a well bore or for investigating physical condition or a parameter related to the apparatus, the tool, the well bore or the earth formation. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring or Testing,   subclasses 152.01+ for bore hole and drilling testing in general. 166,  Wells,   subclasses 250.01+ for well processes which includes indicating, testing, measuring, or locating, and subclass 66 for well apparatus including electrical signaling means. 175,  Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   subclasses 40+ for a process or means of measuring combined with an earth boring means. 250,  Radiant Energy,   subclass 253 for invisible radiant energy detection in geological testing. 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 323+ for electrical well bore testing. 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 853.1+ for telemetering a well bore environment. 367,  Communication, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices,   subclasses 25+ for well logging, subclasses 81+ for wellbore telemetering, and subclass 86 for borehole testing. 703,  Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation,   subclass 5 for analog simulator of physical phenomenon and subclass 10 for the simulation of well logging.

7	By induction or resistivity logging tool:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Subject matter comprising means having transmitter and receiver coils or electrodes arranged for taking measurements, at various depth of the borehole, representing electrical characteristic of the earth formations or planar layers surrounding the borehole (e.g., conductivity, resistivity, dielectric constant). SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 339+ for induction logging within a borehole.

8	By radiation (e.g., nuclear, gamma, X-ray):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Subject matter comprising (a) means for irradiating the earth formation with rays containing radiation particles (i.e., alpha, beta, gamma, neutrons, photon, etc.) such as those in nuclear, gamma, X-ray, etc. and (b) means for detecting and processing resultant signals for logging measurements. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 28, for molecular structure or composition determination using radiant energy. 40, for flaw or defect detection using radiant energy. 49, for flow metering using radiant energy. 134+, for a temperature measuring system using radiant energy. 172, for a thickness or width measurement system using radiant energy. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 250,  Radiant Energy,   appropriate subclasses. 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 332+ and 344+ for measuring and testing of geophysical surface or subsurface with radiant energy or non-conductive type transmitter and receiver, respectively.

9	Drilling:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Subject matter including borehole equipment having a movable tool for penetrating through the subterranean formations of the earth to make a long cylindrical hollow to obtain particular parameters of interest. (1) Note. This subclass includes measuring-while-drilling (MWD) apparatus in which measurements are received during drilling. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring or Testing,   subclass 152.03 for formation logging during drilling, and subclasses 152.43+ for measuring and testing during drilling. 166,  Wells,   subclasses 250.01+ for well processes which include indicating, testing, measuring, or locating, and subclass 66 for well apparatus including electrical signaling means. 175,  Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   subclasses 40+ for a process or means of measuring combined with an earth boring means.

10	Dipmeter:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Subject matter comprising means for determining a dip angle or dip direction of subsurface formations intercepted by a well borehole. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11, for the determination of physical property related to earth formation.

11	Formation characteristic:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Subject matter comprising detail of means for determining physical properties (temperature, pressure, fracture, etc.) related to the earth formations. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 10, for dipmeter. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring or Testing,   subclasses 152.02+ for formation logging. 166,  Wells,   subclasses 250.01+ for well processes which include indicating, testing, measuring, or locating, and subclass 66 for well apparatus including electrical signaling means. 175,  Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   subclass 50 for indicating, testing, or measuring a condition of formation.

12	Fluid flow investigation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Subject matter comprising means for evaluating fluid flow controlling parameters or properties (e.g., porosity, permeability, etc.) related to the nature and movement of a flowing fluid in the well bore or from a potential producing zone in the earth formations. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 45+, for flow metering. 50+, for fluid measurement. 100, for calibration of fluid or flow measurement. 114, for testing of a pneumatic or hydraulic system. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring or Testing,   subclass 38 for porosity or permeability, and subclasses 152.18+ for flow study in borehole or drilling. 166,  Wells,   subclass 252.5 for well processes which include determination of permeability or viscosity. 175,  Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   subclass 50 for indicating, testing, or measuring a condition of formation. 700,  Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications,   subclass 281 for fluid level or volume control and subclasses 282-285 for flow control.

13	Hydrocarbon prospecting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Subject matter wherein means for evaluating includes means for determining the location or volume of an accumulation of hydrocarbon deposits within the potential producing zone.

14	Seismology:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Subject matter comprising means for detecting and recording a seismic reflected or refracted signal representative of earth vibrations. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 181,  Acoustics,   subclasses 108+ for mechanical seismic sources and detectors and subclass 113 for seismic wave generation. 250,  Radiant Energy,   subclasses 253+ for geophysical exploration or irradiation by the use of invisible radiant energy. 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 323+ for geophysical surface or subsurface exploration in situ which includes electrical testing. 367,  Communication, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices,   subclasses 14+ for geophysical exploration by the use of seismic waves, subclasses 87+ for geophysical exploration by the use of compressional waves and subclasses 140+ for geophysical vibration transducers. 703,  Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation,   subclass 5 for analog simulator of physical phenomenon.

15	Earthquake or volcanic activity:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Subject matter including a seismic strong-motion recording means for monitoring or exploring shaking of the earth or a volcanic phenomenon. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring and Testing,   subclass 784 for measuring and testing of earth stress.

16	Specific display (e.g., mapping, profiling):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Subject matter including (a) means for carrying out a series of steps in a sequence (e.g., mapping, profiling, etc.) to generate a visual presentation of data or (b) structural details of means for displaying data. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5, for topography (e.g.,land mapping). 67+, for display of a measured waveform. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 345,  Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual Display Systems,   appropriate subclasses. 367,  Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices,   subclasses 68+ for display systems in land-reflection type seismic prospecting.

17	Filtering or noise reduction/removal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Subject matter comprising means for removing certain frequency components of the seismic signal or means for lessening or eliminating disturbance in the seismic signal. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 111, for a testing system having noise signal stimulus. 191+, for signal extraction or separation including filtering or noise eliminating, and particularly subclass 195 for noise removal or extraction by subtracting noise component. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 327,  Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems,   subclasses 551+ for unwanted signal suppression. 367,  Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices,   subclasses 43+ for filters in land-reflection type seismic prospecting.

18	Velocity of seismic wave:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.  Subject matter comprising means for measuring seismic wave parameter over time to compute speed of propagation of seismic wave.

19	Biological or biochemical:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Subject matter wherein the data processing system or calculating computer is designed for or utilized in a measurement system directed to an environment of life or chemical compound or process in a living system. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 22+, for measurement system in chemical environment. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   appropriate subclasses. 504,  Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions,   appropriate subclasses. 506,  Combinatorial Chemistry Technology: Method, Library, Apparatus,   for in silico screening of a chemical or biological library. 700,  Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications,   subclasses 266 through 274for chemical process control or monitoring systems.

20	Gene sequence determination:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 19.  Subject matter including a chemical process which determines genetic information including the chains of a set of sequencing fragments (e.g., DNA sequence information) used to define identity of biological species. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 935,  Genetic Engineering: Recombinant DNA Technology, Hybrid or Fused Cell Technology, and Related Manipulations of Nucleic Acids,   appropriate subclasses.

21	Cell count or shape or size analysis (e.g., blood cell):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 19.  Subject matter comprising a measuring means for determining quantity, geometric, or proportional dimensions of a particular biological particle. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 382,  Image Analysis,   subclasses 133+ for cell analysis, classification, or counting.

22	Chemical analysis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Subject matter including means for analyzing a sample through study of its chemical aspect. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 19+, for measurement system in biological or biochemical application. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 71,  Chemistry: Fertilizers,   appropriate subclasses. 204,  Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,   appropriate subclasses. 260,  Chemistry of Carbon Compounds,   appropriate subclasses. 423,  Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,   appropriate subclasses. 436,  Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,   appropriate subclasses. 506,  Combinatorial Chemistry Technology: Method, Library, Apparatus,   for in silico screening of a chemical or biological library. 700,  Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications,   subclasses 266 through 274for chemical process control or monitoring systems.

23	Quantitative determination (e.g., mass, concentration, density):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 22.  Subject matter comprising means to determine an amount or proportion of a component in the sample.

24	Gaseous mixture (e.g., solid-gas, gas-liquid, gas-gas):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Subject matter wherein the component is a constituent in a solid-gas, gas-liquid, or gas-gas mixture. (1) Note. The constituent may include solid, liquid, or agent gas. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring or Testing,   subclasses 23.2+ for gas analysis, and subclasses 19.01+ for gas content of a liquid or solid.

25	Liquid mixture (e.g., solid-liquid, liquid-liquid):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Subject matter wherein the component is a constituent that a solid-liquid or a liquid-liquid mixture. (1) Note. The constituent may include solid or liquid. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring or Testing,   subclasses 53.01+ for liquid analysis or analysis of the suspension of solids in a liquid.

26	By particle count:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Subject matter wherein the amount or proportion of the component is determined by totalizing quantity of particles in the component. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 377,  Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits And Systems,   subclasses 1+ for application, particularly subclasses 10+ for field of view contains plural entities or entities scanned plural times, and subclasses 19+ for measuring or testing.

27	Molecular structure or composition determination:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 22.  Subject matter comprising means to determine structure of a sample on the molecular level or means to identify different components making up an unknown sample.

28	Using radiant energy:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.  Subject matter comprising a radiation source (e.g., X-ray, infrared light source, spectrophotometer) for irradiating the sample with a beam to determine its structure or composition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 8, for well logging or borehole by radiation. 40, for flaw or defect detection by radiant energy. 49, for flow metering using radiant energy. 134+, for temperature measuring system by radiant energy. 172, for thickness or width measurement system using radiant energy. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 250,  Radiant Energy,   subclasses 339.12+ for invisible radiant energy responsive electric signalling using sample absorption for chemical composition analysis.

29	Particle size determination:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 22.  Subject matter wherein means for analyzing the sample includes means for generating signals having amplitude proportional to the size of respective particles of the sample. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 377,  Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems,   subclasses 1+ for application, particularly subclass 11 for field of view contains plural entities or entities scanned plural times including particle size determination variations, and subclasses 19+ for measuring or testing.

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