Class Definition for Class 219

CLASS 219,	ELECTRIC HEATING
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class includes all those devices commonly known as electric heaters, electric-heating metal working apparatus, electrically-heated tools and instruments. Processes are classified with the apparatus unless otherwise indicated by the subclass title.

This is the generic class for electric heating devices, per se. Devices and systems equipped with electric heating means in which the electric heating means is combined with or includes specific other art structure whereby the heated material is withdrawn, stored or otherwise utilized will be classified in the appropriate other art class to which it pertains and cross referenced back to Class 219.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

An example of other classes as mentioned above in the Class Definition is Class 122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers in which such terms as steam dome, super heaters, steam separators, condensers, traps, etc., are considered to be art structure over and beyond the mere heating of a liquid and comprising specific means for further storing or utilizing the liquid or vapor resulting from a heating step and sufficient to exclude the claimed subject matter from this class.

The liquid heaters to be found in this class, subclasses 281+ are very similar to those classified in Class 122 and in Class 126, subclasses 344+. The general line to be followed in distinguishing between this and those classes is as follows: Where the claims recite specific electrical means for heating a liquid only and the end result recited is a heated liquid only and no further means is claimed for withdrawing the liquid for further use the device will be considered a liquid heater for this class. For an understanding of the lines between Classes 122 and 126 consult the class definitions and the notes thereunder.

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclass 284 for bed structures with devices for heating or cooling of, and subclass 421 for devices for supporting bed clothing with heating means.
12,	Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 1 for miscellaneous shoe machinery with heaters, subclasses 32.1, 33.2 and 41.5 for sole machines with electric heaters, subclasses 53.1, 53.3 and 69.7 for heel machines with electric heaters, subclass 78.5 for sole and/or heel burnishing machines with heating means, and subclasses 114.2, 114.6, 116.2, 117.4, and 129.4 for tools or forms used in shoe manufacturing with heating means.
15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 1.5 for electrostatic cleaning, subclasses 300.1+ for cleaning by air blast or suction wherein the fluid may be heated and subclasses 104.001+ for implements which may be heated.
19,	Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclass .27 for drying apparatus.
26,	Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclasses 3+ for singeing devices which may utilize electric heating means.
30,	Cutlery, subclass 32 for wire razor devices, subclasses 34.05+ for razors combined with heated blade, and subclass 42 for the combination where the blade is movable.
34,	Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclasses 519+ for processes which may utilize electric heaters particularly subclass 283 for drying the hair on the head and the subclasses under the title "Apparatus" for particular drying apparatus which may utilize electric heating means.
36,	Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, subclass 2.6 for boots and shoes with heating means.
38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 74+ for flat irons which may include electrical heating devices by name only.
44,	Fuel and Related Compositions, for pertinent subclass(es) as determined by schedule review.
48,	Gas: Heating and Illuminating, subclass 65 for cupola gas generators wherein electric current is used for heating purposes, and subclass 103 for retorts in which is located an electric heater for gasifying the oil.
60,	Power Plants, subclass 523 for a motor operated by the expansion and contraction of a unit mass where the expansion is caused by an electrical heating means.
62,	Refrigeration, particularly subclasses 148 , 159+, 167, 238, 275+, 324+, and 351 for heating means associated with refrigeration apparatus.
65,	Glass Manufacturing, appropriate subclasses for glass working apparatus utilizing electrical heating means particularly subclass 40 for means employing dielectric or joule effects and subclasses 152+ for fusion bonding devices.
70,	Locks, appropriate subclasses for heater lock combinations according to the particular lock structure.
72,	Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses for heating metal by a means other than electricity and deforming it.
73,	Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for measuring or testing devices with electrical heating means for testing purposes or for maintaining constant temperature.
75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, for patents claiming a metal composition, e.g., an alloy or a composition having a continuous phase of free metal made by consolidating metal particles.
81,	Tools, appropriate subclasses for particular tool structure which may be combined with heating means.
83,	Cutting, subclasses 170+ for cutting apparatus combined with means to modify or control the temperature of the apparatus or work.
96,	Gas Separation: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, for gas separation apparatus having heating or cooling means.
99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, takes food support means, peculiar to a food, shape, or condition, (e.g., can, jar, bottle, or slice holders, spits, griddles, waffle irons, sandwich grills, article confining or conforming supports), including a mechanism for manipulating food during cooking, other than mere agitation or stirring (e.g., conveying or bodily moving), or including a mechanism for treating food (e.g., basting, compressing, molding, drip, or gravy segregating), and, in any case, irrespective of whether or not a heat, steam, or vapor generator or enclosure is claimed; subclasses 324+ for cooking apparatus.
100,	Presses, subclasses 92+ for a press having an additional heating, cooling, or drying means to treat material or subclass 102 for a press that may be combined with an electrical heating means.
101,	Printing, see subclasses 3.1+ , especially subclasses 8, 9+, 21, 25, 27, and 31 for embossing or penetrating devices utilizing heated dies.
104,	Railways, subclass 15 for electric welders for track joints and subclass 279 for track clearing devices comprising rail heaters.
105,	Railway Rolling Stock, especially subclass 451 for heating devices which may be electrical.
110,	Furnaces, subclass 194 for cremation apparatus that may utilize electric heating means; and subclass 250 for a refuse incinerator provided with an electric heater.
118,	Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, especially subclass 47 for coating burning apparatus, and subclasses 50.1, 58+, 620+, 663+, and 723+ for coating devices with means for applying electrical or radiant energy to work and or coating material, particularly subclasses 641+ for radiant heating devices.
119,	Animal Husbandry, subclasses 308+ for a brooder warmed by an electrical component, or subclasses 318+ for an incubator warmed by an electrical component.
122,	Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, appropriate subclasses for steam generating devices which may utilize electric heating means.
123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, particularly subclasses 543+ for means for heating the carburetor, subclass 142.5 for the combination of an internal combustion engine combined with external heating means for heating the engine or some adjunct thereof and subclass 145 for incandescent igniters.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, appropriate subclasses for structural features peculiar to stoves and furnaces, see particularly subclass 273.5 for domestic ovens with heat accumulators and subclass 400 for heat accumulators, per se.
128,	Surgery, appropriate subclasses for various instruments combined with heating means or designed for the utilization of heat energy for therapeutic treatment of the human body.
131,	Tobacco, subclass 185 for tobacco users" appliances with igniter means.
132,	Toilet, subclass 7 for methods of hair treating comprising permanent waving with heat and subclass 118 for hair combs with heaters and subclass 148 for combs combined with other features; see also subclasses 31+ for hair crimpers or curlers which may include heaters.
134,	Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, subclasses 105+ for apparatus with heating, cooling or heat exchange means.
136,	Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric, for batteries in that class having heating means.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclass 341 for electric heating means for the system.
138,	Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclass 33 for electric thawing or freeze protection means therefor.
140,	Wireworking, subclass 112 for processes for joining of wires by electric welding.
141,	Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means, subclass 82 for the treatment of material by heating or cooling.
148,	Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 520 , 525, and 565 for processes of significant heat treatment of metal to modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical property of metal wherein electrical heating is utilized. See Lines With Other Classes, "Metal Casing, Metal Fusion Bonding, Machining, or Working Classes" to determine what constitutes significant heat treatment.
164,	Metal Founding, appropriate subclasses for metal casting apparatus which may employ an electric heater.
165,	Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses for systems comprising both heating and cooling means or heat transfer, particularly subclasses 200+ for automatic control; subclass 42 for vehicle heating and cooling and subclasses 47+ for structural installations such as radiant building panels.
166,	Wells, subclass 60 for well structure with an electric heater in the well.
174,	Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, appropriate subclasses for insulator devices and structural details of electrical conductors, per se.
175,	Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 16 for an electrical heating process or device for forming a hole in the earth by directly applying heat to fluidize or comminute the material forming the earth. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, in the class definition of Class 175 for the line between Class 175 and Class 219).
178,	Telegraphy, subclass 94 for pyros:graphic code recorders.
184,	Lubrication, subclass 104 for heating and cooling devices for lubricators.
191,	Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclass 62 for trolley heads with heated ice clearers or preventers.
196,	Mineral Oils: Apparatus, subclass 121 for vaporizing devices with electric heating means.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, for generic circuit maker and breaker structure, or subclasses 308+ for an electrical switch having indicator means.
201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, subclass 19 for a thermolytic distillation in which electrical energy is applied.
204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, particularly subclasses 210 , 236, 239, 241, 262, and 274 for electrolytic apparatus utilizing heating or cooling means.
210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 175+ for devices with heating or heat exchange means.
216,	Etching a Substrate: Processes, with the use of a plasma, note subclasses 67+ . The use of a cold plasma, which is a chemical reaction involving reactive ions and an article or substrate is not proper for Class 219, Electric Heating. However, cold plasma is proper for Class 216, Etching a Substrate: Processes. The use of a high temperature thermal plasma which removes or alters material by thermal means is proper for Class 219, Electric Heating.
221,	Article Dispensing, subclass 143 for dispensing devices with electrical ignition means and subclass 150 for such devices with article treatment involving heating or cooling.
222,	Dispensing, subclass 146 for dispensers with heating or cooling.
223,	Apparel Apparatus, subclass 26 for heated hat forms, subclasses 51, 70, 73, and 76 for apparatus including heating and steaming means and subclass 79 for heated glove forms.
236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, appropriate subclass for heating systems beyond the scope of Class 219 and involving automatic temperature control devices.
237,	Heating Systems, appropriate subclasses for complete heating systems in which the heat source may be electrical.
239,	Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, subclasses 128+ for heating or cooling means for the fluid or system.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, subclass 134 for ice prevention devices utilizing electric heating means.
250,	Radiant Energy, subclasses 316+ for infrared or thermal pattern recorders or document copiers, subclass 337 for a radiant energy electric signalling device responsive to luminous energy emitted from a heated luminophor irradiated by invisible radiation subclass 352 but conduction to or from some part of an infrared responsive electric signalling means, subclass 429 for temperature control of contained supported transferred fluent material, subclass 443.1 for a support for an object to be irradiated with charged particles with heat transfer to or from the object, and subclass 495.1 for plural invisible radiation sources including an infrared source, subclass 504 for an infraradiation source with a radiation modifying member and subclass 238 for photocells with temperature control.
261,	Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, subclasses 139 and 142 for such apparatus with an electrical external heat supply.
266,	Metallurgical Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for such apparatus with electrical heating devices.
285,	Pipe Joints or Couplings, subclass 41 for such devices with heating or cooling means.
290,	Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, for prime mover dynamo plants for producing heat.
307,	Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclasses 112+ for a residual switching system.
310,	Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 341+ for piezoelectric crystals with temperature control means in which electrical circuit connections and the crystal are claimed.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 236 for such structures with heating, cooling or heat exchange means.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for electric lamp, filament or cathode heaters, particularly subclasses 11+ including indented subclass 14 for pyroelectric devices and subclasses 15+ for such devices with electric heater temperature modifier means.
314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, particularly subclasses 26+ for such devices with temperature modifying means.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, particularly subclasses 46+ 49, 50, 94+, and 112+ for systems with heated filaments, cathodes or device temperature modifiers.
323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, for a generic class of electrical systems wherein a single electrical source is coupled to a single electrical load circuit and means are provided which control the magnitude or level of the current or voltage of either or both of said circuits, especially subclass 236 for other than an electrical zero switching output level condition responsive (e.g., heat, etc.) circuit.
331,	Oscillators, subclass 70 for oscillator with temperature modifier.
336,	Inductor Devices, subclasses 55+ for inductors with temperature modifiers.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for specific switch structure with thermal actuating means.
338,	Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for electrical resistors, per se. The mere claiming of a resistor having a heat insulating or heat conducting casing or housing does not exclude Class 338. However, as between Classes 219 and 338 the combination of a resistor used for heating purposes surrounded or incased by the structure to be heated or a resistor with structure or configuration for distributing, directing or concentrating the heat produced by the resistance is classified in this class (219), especially subclasses 200+ . See also Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, "Electrical Resistance Heaters," in the class definition of Class 338 for a more detailed treatment of the line between the two classes.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 12.22 through 12.55for miscellaneous remote control systems; subclasses 309.16-309.9 for a timer controlled system; subclasses 384.1-404.3 for an audible signaling device, especially subclass 387.1 for weatherproofing (e.g., means to melt sleet off of a signal device, etc.); subclasses 577-579 for a flame condition responsive system; subclasses 584-599 for a thermal condition responsive system; subclass 600 for radiant energy condition responsive system; subclasses 635-656 for electrical apparatus condition responsive system, especially subclass 640 for a heater element condition responsive system and subclass 655 for a condition responsive system indicating heating circuit energization; and subclasses 815.4-815.92 for visual indication systems.
343,	Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 704 for antennas with ice clearer or preventers which may utilize electric heaters.
346,	Recorders, subclass 76.1 for thermal recording of phenomenon.
347,	Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information, subclasses 171.1+ for thermal marking processes or apparatus.
355,	Photocopying, subclasses 3+ for electrophotography devices utilizing heating means.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 1+ for safety and protection of systems and devices; indented subclasses 24, 25+, 32, 34, 37, and 103+ provide thermal sensing devices in various circuits or systems; subclasses 99 and 211 for combinations including thermal relays and control circuits for thermal relays; subclass 158 for thermal indicating instrument; subclasses 161+ for control circuits including a thermal device and subclasses 247+ for igniting systems.
362,	Illumination, subclasses 92+ for the combination of illuminating means and a heating device.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, for furnaces which are especially adapted to metallurgical and related work. Such furnaces are generally characterized by electrical heating means within the chamber containing the material to be heated, the heating means being either an arc, a resistance, the material itself or a combination of such means and are further characterized by adaptation for operation on a granular material, such as crushed ore or for handling molten material fusing at a very high temperature, the material in both cases being received immediately within the body of the furnace.
374,	Thermal Measuring and Testing, including electric heating arrangements to perfect a measurement or test or to maintain a constant temperature.
401,	Coating Implements With Material Supply, subclasses 1+ for a hand-manipulated coating implement with means to heat the material supply contained therein.
405,	Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclasses 56 and 131 for devices for heating the earth which may use electrical heating means; and subclass 234 for a heating means employed in the installation of piling.
422,	Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclasses 21 and 22+ for processes of sterilizing with electric energy subclasses 186.19 and 186.2 for radiant energy chemical reactors with heating or cooling means; and subclasses 242 and 295+ for autoclaves.
425,	Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for a molding machine for shaping or reshaping nonmetals combined with means to heat or cool, see subclass 407 and the search notes thereunder.
427,	Coating Processes, subclasses 457+ for coating processes utilizing direct application of electrical magnetic, wave, or particulate energy.
429,	Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product, and Process, subclass 62 for battery having a temperature control and subclass 120 for battery having heat exchange feature.
431,	Combustion, subclasses 258+ for a burner having an electrical heater or igniter.
432,	Heating, appropriate subclass for a residual heating apparatus that may include a broadly recited electrical heater as a source of heat.
452,	Butchering, subclass 73 for hot wire singers for fowl.
454,	Ventilation, especially subclasses 83 , 93, 121+, and 198 for condensation prevention devices which may use hot or heated air blown on a window or windshield.
606,	Surgery, subclass 2.5 for subject matter relating to removal of a calculus (e.g., stone) from the body wherein the calculus is fractured or disintegrated by use of light energy.
901,	Robots, subcollection 10 for a robot arm in which a sensor physically contacts and follows the work contour to control the arm movement and subcollection 42 for an art collection of welding robots.
D23,	Environmental Heating and Cooling; Fluid Handling and Sanitary Equipment, subclasses 314+ for heating equipment.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 50]

METAL HEATING (E.G., RESISTANCE HEATING):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to the electrical heating of metal.

(1) Note. The heating in this and indented subclasses is often, but not necessarily, accompanied by working of the metal.

(2) Note. The metal heated is a workpiece and is separable and distinct from the heater, which is a tool. However, heat may be developed within the metal by the passage of electric current.

(3) Note. The heating may be for welding, brazing, soldering, heat treating or other purpose.

(4) Note. The art in miscellaneous subclass 50 relates, for example, to mere heating of metal by the passing of an electric current through it.

(5) Note. Subclasses 7.5, 8.5, 9.5, and 50 to 162 were formed in 1956 by making official some unofficial digests which had been established during the previous two decades by the Examiners of Divisions 37 and 60. A caveat is given: While it is believed that the titles and definitions are reasonably correct, no assurance can be given that all of the patents, issued prior to the date of reclassification, are in the proper subclass, since the individual patents were not read during the reclassification project. Consequently, in making a thorough search in these subclasses, it is advisable to investigate every subclass which may possibly be pertinent and not, in order to shorten the search, to rely upon the principle of superiority of subclass subject matter because of position in the schedule, since the principle is applicable only in classes where each patent has been analyzed and placed in the schedule in accordance with that portion of the disclosed subject matter which is claimed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

600+,	for this subject matter where the heating is inductive heating.
678+,	for microwave heating.
764+,	for capacitive dielectric heating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

148,	Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 520 , 525, and 565 for processes of significant heat treatment of metal to modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical property of metal wherein electrical heating is utilized. See Lines With Other Classes, "Metal Casing, Metal Fusion Bonding, Machining, or Working Classes" to determine what constitutes significant heat treatment.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate subclasses where the metal is heated in an electric furnace.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 934 for metallic stock produced by an electrical process, and subclass 939 for stock having a molten or fused coating.
483,	Tool Changing, generally for a process or apparatus including a tool transfer means combined with either a tool support or storage means. A process or apparatus for electric heating wherein the sole significantly recited feature is changing a tool (e.g., a nonconsumable electrode) is properly classified in Class 483, and may be cross referenced into this class (Class 219, Electric Heating).

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 51]

Chain:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter relating to the manufacture of chain link.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

59,	Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making, subclasses 1+ , and the search notes thereto, for miscellaneous chain making, not involving significant electric heating.

52	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Methods.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 53]

Rail bond:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter relating to the making of rail bonds.

(1) Note. The bond may be for the purpose of furnishing a low resistance electrical shunt around the mechanical joint between rail sections of a railroad track or it may be for the purpose of mechanically uniting rail sections.

54	Arc weld:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter in which the rail bond is made by means of an arc weld.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 55]

Resistance weld methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter relating to resistance welding methods.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

53,	for resistance welding apparatus for making rail bonds.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 56]

Wire, rod, or bar bonding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter relating to the bonding of wire or bar.

(1) Note. The wire, for example, may be part of a fabric mesh, or the bar may form a grating or a metal window.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

156,	for mere electric heating of rods or bars.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

140,	Wireworking, subclass 112 for this subject matter not having significant welding.

56.1	Of wire leads:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter wherein the wire is connected to or from a circuit element.

56.21	By microbonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 56.1. Subject matter wherein the bonding is produced between miniature or microminiature workpieces.

56.22	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 56.1. Subject matter including processes of bonding wire leads.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 57]

Butt bonding (e.g., welding):

This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter relating to butt bonding.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

101,	for miscellaneous butt bonding.

58	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Methods.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 59.1]

59.1

Of cylinders (e.g., pipes and tubes):

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter relating to the bonding of a seam of a cylinder.

(1) Note. The seam may be helical, as in indented subclass 62.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

101+,	for resistance butt bonding of cylindrical shaped tubing.
607+,	for this subject matter where the heating is inductive.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

413,	Sheet Metal Container Making, subclasses 58+ for the longitudinal seaming of containers, such as cans, where no significant electric heating is involved.

60	Electric arc:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter in which the bonding is accomplished by an electric arc.

60.2	Tube sheet welding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Subject matter wherein heat exchange tubes are arc butt welded to a perforated plate.

61	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Methods.

61.1	Having internal support means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter including support means for the cylinder, positioned inside the cylinder during the welding process.

61.11

With forming means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Subject matter including means for shaping the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

78.16,	for tube sealing apparatus.
91.23,	for tube sealing methods.

61.12

With cleaning means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Subject matter including means to remove excess or undesirable material from the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

78.14,

for work cleaning in bonding with pressure.

61.13

With edge guidance means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Subject matter including means to direct the path of the edges to be welded through the welding process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.3,

for edge guidance subject matter without cylinder internal support means.

61.2	Utilizing high frequency resistance heating:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter wherein the welding apparatus is operated by high frequency current.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 61.3]

61.3

With edge guidance means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter including means to direct the path of the workpiece edges through the welding process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.13,

for this subject matter along with cylinder internal support means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 61.4]

61.4

With adjustable electrode means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter including means to change the position of an electrode used in the welding process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

86.33+,	for spot bonding adjustable electrodes.
86.8,	for interchangeable electrodes.
88,	for positioning an electrode along a bus bar.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 61.5]

61.5

With condition responsive control of the welding process:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter wherein the control means of the welding apparatus responds to a sensed condition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

86.41+,	for spot bonding with electrode condition responsive control means.
91.1,	for spot bonding with condition responsive control means.
124.1+,	for automatic positioning of an arc.

61.6	Using three or more electrodes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter including the use of three or more electrodes in the welding process.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 61.7]

61.7

With cooling means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter including means to maintain or lower the temperature of part or all of the welding apparatus or work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

76.11,	for deposition welding with cooling means.
86.31,	for spot bonding electrode support with cooling means.
137.62,	for consumable electrode gun with cooling means.

62	Helical seam:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter in which the longitudinal bond or seam is helical.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 63]

Rotary transformer part:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter having a transformer of which at least a portion rotates in relation with the feed of the workpiece.

(1) Note. The entire transformer, including its secondary terminals and their electrodes may rotate in unison as the electrodes ride along the work, or only a portion of the transformer, such as the secondary and electrodes, may rotate.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

336,	Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the structure of rotary transformers, per se.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 64]

Container (e.g., cans):

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter in which the tube is a container.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

413,	Sheet Metal Container Making, subclasses 58+ for the longitudinal seaming of containers, such as cans, where no significant electric heating is involved.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 65]

Nonrotary electrode (e.g., oscillating):

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter having nonrotating electrodes.

(1) Note. The electrodes, for example, may oscillate to and from each other with the longitudinally split tube between them.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 66]

Inside electrode:

This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Subject matter having at least one electrode inside the cylinder being bonded.

(1) Note. The inside electrode, for example, may be opposed to an exterior electrode, with the current flow between them traversing the region of the cylinder adjacent the longitudinal seam.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

64,	for this subject matter where the cylinder is a container.

67	Resistance heating methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Resistance heating methods.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 68]

Cutting or disintegrating (e.g., machining engraving):

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter utilized for cutting or disintegrating.

(1) Note. This subclass relates, for example, to the severing of a wire cable by passing a fusing current through a short section thereof, or to the etching of a monogram into the surface of the metal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

19,	for similar subject matter not having metallic workpieces as, for example, perforating of paper by sparks and machining of nonmetal by electron beams.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

175,	Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 16 for an electrical heating process or device for forming a hole in the earth by directly applying heat to fluidize or comminute the material forming the earth.
205,	Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclasses 640+ for electrolytic erosion of a workpiece to change the shape or surface configuration thereof.
216,	Etching a Substrate: Processes, subclasses 75 and 100 for the etching of metal.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 69.1]

69.1

Electric arc:

This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter utilizing a continuous or sustained electric space discharge between an electrode and a work piece.

(1) Note. The disintegrating action of the arc may be assisted, e.g., by a flow of compressed air or oxygen.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121+,

for this subject matter not utilized for cutting or disintegrating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

148,	Metal Treatment, subclass 9.5 for using heat to desurface or gorge metal.
204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclass 224 for apparatus used for electrochemical machining.
266,	Metallurgical Apparatus, subclass 48 for flame cutting apparatus.

69.11

Electric spark machining:

This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter utilizing a brief electric space discharge between an electrode and a work piece (i.e., A. C. voltage).

(1) Note. This subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder were formerly unofficial digests. Hence, the placement of documents therein might not reflect schedule hierarchy.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses for apparatus and methods of electrochemical machining.

69.12

Wire cutting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter utilizing a wire electrode for cutting a workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

69.13,	for electrical circuits specially adapted to subject matter under subclass 69.1.
69.2,	for vibrating a wire electrode during cutting.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclass 206 for apparatus used in wire cutting use electrochemical machining.

69.13

Circuits:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter utilizing an electrical circuit specially adapted for cutting or gouging.

(1) Note. The electrical circuit may, for example, be the power supply or a control circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

320,	Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or Discharging, subclasses 166+ for capacitor charging or discharging.
700,	Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications, subclasses 159 through 195for machining using a numeric controller.

69.14

Dielectric composition and purification:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter involving a dielectric medium between a workpiece and an electrode and any reuse or purification of the dielectric medium.

(1) Note. The dielectric medium may be a gas or a liquid.

(2) Note. The medium under this definition does not include electrolyte.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, appropriate subclasses for liquid purification in general.

69.15

Electrodes:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter involving an electrode"s shape, composition or holder used in an electric arc or electric spark cutting (EDM) operation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclasses 280+ for electrodes used in electrochemical machining.

69.16

Gap spacing control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter including apparatus to control the gap distance between an electrode and a workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

205,	Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclasses 652+ for electrolytic erosion of a workpiece to change the shape or surface configuration thereof in which the gap between a tool and a workpiece is either maintained or defined.
318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 560+ for positional servo systems.

69.17

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter including a method of machining specially adapted for treating particular objects or for obtaining special results.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

205,	Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclasses 640+ for electrolytic erosion of a workpiece to change the shape or surface configuration thereof.

69.18	Pulse:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter including a circuit used to shape a particular electric pulse to be applied between an electrode and a workpiece.

69.19	Safety circuits:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter utilizing a safety circuit in the event of electric arcing or a short circuiting or in the event of danger (e.g., an earthquake or fire).

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 69.2]

69.2

Vibrating electrodes or workpiece:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69.11. Subject matter wherein the electrode or workpiece is vibrating during machining.

(1) Note. Any movement of the electrode or workpiece during machining will cause vibrationary movement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

205,	Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclass 671 for electrolytic erosion of a workpiece to change the shape or surface configuration thereof which provides for agitation or vibration of the electrolyte.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 70]

Hand-type tools:

This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Subject matter relating to hand held tools.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

138+,

especially subclass 139, for similar subject matter not utilized for disintegration or cutting.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 71]

Liquid electrode:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter in which the metal is heated by means of current flow between it and a surrounding liquid.

(1) Note. The liquid may be quiet, as in a tank, or flowing, as in a jet.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

72+,	for analogous subject matter where the liquid is not used as an electrode.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses for analogous subject matter utilized for electrochemistry.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 72]

Nonatmospheric environment at hot spot (e.g., resistance weld under oil, vacuum):

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter in which a nonatmospheric environment is created at the region of electric heating.

(1) Note. The environment may, for example, be a bath of oil which prevents overheating and oxidation during resistance welding, or it may be a vacuum.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

68+,	for similar subject matter utilized for cutting or disintegrating.
71,	for similar subject matter in which a liquid environment acts as an electrode.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses 218+ for formation of a metallic bond in a nonatomospheric environment wherein heating is other than electrical.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 73]

Slag (e.g., submerged arc):

This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Subject matter in which the non-atmospheric environment is slag or a slag forming material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

124.1+,	for this subject matter in combination with means to automatically position an electric arc.
145.22,	145.23 and 146.1+, for mere arc electrodes having fluxing or slagging means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, subclasses 21+ for arc lamps having an auxiliary material supply to the arc.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, subclass 28 for glass batch forming compositions containing slag.

73.1	Including electroslag welding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter including welding processes wherein coalescence is produced by molten slag which melts the filler metal and the surfaces of the work being welded.

73.11

For coating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 73.1. Subject matter wherein at least one layer of weld material is applied to cover a portion of the surface area of a workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

73.21,	for submerged arc coating.
76.1+,	for deposition welding.

73.2	With granular flux supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter including means for depositing particulate weld protection material.

73.21

For deposition welding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 73.2. Subject matter including welding processes wherein coalescence is produced by heating with an arc or arcs between a bare metal electrode or electrodes and the work, with the arc being shielded by a blanket of granular, fusible material on the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

73.11,	for electroslag coating.
76.1+,	for other deposition welding subject matter.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 74]

Gas supply (e.g., by ingredient of electrode, by external source):

This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Subject matter in which the nonatmospheric environment is a gas whose composition is not that of air or in which the nonatmospheric environment is compressed or rarified air.

(1) Note. The environment may be formed by the gases liberated by the coating of a "shielded" electrode (e.g., coated electrode) when an arc is struck from the electrode, or by an external gas supply connected to a hand held torch.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

122,	for this subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 231.01+ for analogous subject matter, not utilized to heat metal.
314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, subclass 22 for arc lamps having auxiliary fluent material feed to the arc.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 111.01+ for systems, not utilized to heat metal, analogous to the systems of this subclass.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 75]

Nonconsumable electrode (e.g., atomic hydrogen):

This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter in which the electric heating arc is of the nonconsumable electrode type.

(1) Note. This subclass relates, for example, to arc torches utilized in atomic hydrogen welding, in which the tungsten electrodes wear away only slowly.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 76.1]

76.1

For deposition welding (e.g., coating or building up):

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter relating to the coating or building up of a base by means of deposited metal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

427,	Coating Processes, appropriate subclasses for coating in general.

76.11

With cooling means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Subject matter including means to maintain or lower the temperature of part or all of the welding apparatus or work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

86.31,	for spot bonding electrode support with cooling means.
137.62,	for consumable electrode arc welding with cooling means.

76.12

Of multiple distinct layers:

This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Subject matter wherein the deposited weld material is a composite of separate strata.

(1) Note. The layers are usually, but not necessarily, dissimilar in composition.

76.13	By spark discharge:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Subject matter wherein a mixture of powders and combustible gases is detonated by an electrically produced spark, thereby simultaneously heating the powders and propelling them onto the workpiece surface at very high velocities.

76.14

By electric arc:

This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Subject matter wherein the welding process includes heating with an electrically produced arc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121.11+,

for electric arc welding.

76.15	With nonconsumable electrode:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.14. Subject matter including electrode arc producing means without consumption of the electrode.

76.16

Plasma:

This subclass is indented under subclass 76.14. Subject matter wherein coalescence is produced by heating with a constricted arc between an electrode and the work or the electrode and the constricting nozzle, and with shielding obtained from hot ionized gases.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121.36+,

for other arc plasma heating subject matter.

76.17

By resistance heating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Subject matter including heating processes wherein coalescence is produced by the heat obtained from resistance of the work to electric current in a circuit of which the work is a part, and by the application of pressure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

53,	and 55, for rail bond resistance welding.
59.1,	61.1+, 61.2, 61.3, 61.4, 61.5, 61.6, 61.7, and 67 for cylinder resistance heating methods.
78+,	for other resistance heating subject matter.

77	Cutting edges of tools:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Subject matter in which the part coated or built up is the cutting edge of a tool.

78.01

For bonding with pressure (e.g., resistance welding):

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter relating to the bonding of metal by means of pressure while heated by the electric current.

(1) Note. The bond is usually, but not necessarily, a metal-to-metal weld.

(2) Note. The heat is generally created by resistance heating, but may, as in the case of indented subclasses 97+, be created by an electric arc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

53,	and 55, for rail bond resistance welding.
59.1,	61.1+, 61.2, 61.3, 61.4, 61.5, 61.6, and 61.7 for cylinder resistance welding subject matter.
76.17,	for deposition welding by resistance heating.
603+,	for this subject matter where the electric current is induced in the metal by electromagnetic or electrostatic induction.

78.02	By solid-state bonding (e.g., diffusion):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter wherein the workpiece joint interface coalescence is produced essentially at temperatures below the melting point of the metals being joined, without the addition of a brazing filler metal.

78.11

Honeycomb:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter wherein the bonded work has the structure or appearance of a honeycomb.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, subclass 181 for metal fusion bonding processes for honeycombs.

78.12	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 78.11. Subject matter including processes of making honeycombs.

78.13

With additional heating device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter including means for heating part or all of the work being welded other than the heating means used principally for accomplishing the welding process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

91.22,

for methods of additional heating to the same spot.

78.14

With work cleaning means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter including means to remove excess or undesirable material from the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.12,

for electric heating of metal cylinders with internal support having cleaning means.

78.15

With work cutting means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter including means to sever work during or after the welding process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

124.21,

for work cutting with automatic positioning of an electric metal heating arc.

78.16

With work deforming means (e.g, tube sealing):

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter including means for forging or shaping of the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.11,	for forming means with the electric heating of cylinders having internal support means.
91.23,	for methods of spot bonding with work deforming.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 79]

With conveyer for workpiece:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter having a conveyer for handling the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

124.1,

and 125.1+, for similar subject matter in arc welding.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses (e.g., subclasses 373+ for a conveyor provided with an orienting device) for power driven conveyors, per se, and consult the search notes for related art.

80	Spot bond:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter in which the bond is a spot bond.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 81]

Roller electrode:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter in which the electric current is applied to the metal by roller type electrodes.

(1) Note. The roller electrode may produce a continuous weld or an interrupted weld, consisting of distinct spots.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

102,	for similar subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

191,	Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for current collecting and current distributing rollers.
492,	Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for, and see the notes thereunder.

82	Roller moves over work:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter in which the workpiece is stationary and the roller moves.

83	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Methods.

84	Electrode structure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Roller electrodes.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 85.1]

85.1

Brazing or soldering:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter in which the metal is heated and filler metal is used to produce a weld by means of brazing or soldering.

(1) Note. The filler metal (flux or solder) is to be applied to at least one surface of the metals to be joined.

(2) Note. This subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder were formerly unofficial digests. Hence, the placement of documents therein might not reflect schedule hierarchy.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

129,	for brazing or soldering where an electric arc (torch) provides the required heat.
615,	and 616, for specific means of applying the heat.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29,	Metal Working, for generic brazing and soldering means and methods.

85.12

Utilizing radiant energy:

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter in which the heat is applied to the metal by means of radiant energy (e.g., infrared lamps, resistance heaters, lasers, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121+,	for additional metal heating where the radiant energy source is an electron beam or laser.
347+,	for heat energy reflector means.
523+,	for the particular structure of resistance heater.

85.13

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.12. Subject matter including methods of brazing or soldering.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121,	for methods of welding metal workpieces by means of electron beam heating or by means of laser heating.

85.14	With filler metal in circuit:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter wherein the filler metal is melted by the passage of electrical current therethrough.

85.15	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 85.14. Subject matter which includes methods of brazing or soldering.

85.16

Electrically heated tool (e.g., electrodes, heaters, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter in which the required heat is applied to the metal workpiece by means of a resistance heated tool having a particular structure. Electrical current passes through the tool and produces the heat (e.g., electrodes, heaters, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

119,	for the particular structure of an electrode.
229+,	for a hand-manipulative tool with heated tip or heat applied to localized area.
523+,	for resistance heater structure.

85.17

Furnaces or enclosures:

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter in which the required heat is applied to the metal by means of a particular furnace or enclosure (e.g., a heating chamber).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

388+,	for oven type enclosures including means whereby the material to be heated may be passed continuously through heated area.
651,	for inductively heated furnaces or enclosures.

85.18

Wire lead bonders:

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter wherein the metal workpiece to be joined is wired.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

56.1+,

for the electrical bonding of wire leads.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, subclass 4.5 and 904 for miscellaneous wire lead bonders (i.e., bonders which do not necessarily specify electric heating).

85.19

Machine for predetermined operation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter in which the required heat and filler metal are applied to the metal workpiece by means of a machine including means for conveying the workpiece and/or positioning the heated tool.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

59.1+,	where the predetermined operation is the welding of pipes or tubes.
79,	for electrical heating machines with a conveyor for workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses 4.1+ for machines with means to apply the flux, to handle or move the work, and to align and bond the work.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 85.2]

85.2

Fluxes or solders:

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter in which the composition of a filler metal (flux or solder) can be used in a brazing or soldering operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

146.1+,

for the composition of a weld rod.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 122.1+ for alloy of metallic compositions; and subclass 257 for flux composition.
148,	Metal Treatment, subclasses 23+ for fluxing compositions.
228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses 262.1+ for a process of bonding wherein the work component, temperature, or pressure is critical.
420,	Alloys or Metallic Compositions, for the particular alloy composition.

85.21

Solder preforms:

This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter in which the structure or shape of the filler metal (flux or solder) is predetermined to form the resultant joint (braze or weld).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

85.2,

and 146.1, for the specific composition of the solder preform.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, subclass 56.3 for additional solder forms used in bonding.

85.22	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 85.1. Subject matter with miscellaneous methods of brazing or soldering.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 86.1]

86.1

By spot bonding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter wherein welding is made between or upon overlapping members, coalescence may start and occur on the faying surfaces or may have proceeded from the surface of one member, and the weld cross section is approximately circular.

(1) Note. This subclass relates, for example, to spot welding of two overlapped plates where the spot weld is a substitute for a bolt or rivet connection.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

56,	for spot bonding of wires, rods, or bars.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

140,	Wireworking, subclass 112 for nonelectric spot welders utilized to join wire.

86.21	With hand-manipulative portable devices:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter wherein the bonding apparatus includes structure adapted to manually hold or manipulate the bonding tool or instrument while in use.

86.22	With separately applied pressure and heat:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter wherein the pressure and heat are not applied simultaneously during the welding process.

86.23

With welding pressure controlled by the work support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter wherein the welding pressure is controlled by work support condition responsive means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

86.41+,

for significant electrode support condition responsive control means.

86.24	With work orientation means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter including means for positioning the work with respect to the welding apparatus.

86.25	With significant electrode support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter including means to position or orient the welding electrode with respect to the work.

86.31

Having cooling means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.25. Subject matter including means to maintain or lower the temperature of part or all of the welding apparatus or work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.7,	for cylinder welding with cooling means.
76.11,	for deposition welding with cooling means.

86.32	Having magnetic force actuated electrode:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.25. Subject matter wherein the bonding electrode is controlled by magnetically actuated means during the welding process.

86.33	Having adjustment means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.25. Subject matter including means to change the position of the electrode.

86.41

With condition responsive control means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.33. Subject matter wherein the electrode is automatically controlled in response to a sensed condition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.15,	for cylinder bonding with condition responsive control means.
91.01,	for spot bonding with condition responsive control means.
108+,	for automatic output control circuits.

86.51	Responsive to pressure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.41. Subject matter wherein the control means is affected by changes in the force applied to the work.

86.61	By force balancing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.51. Subject matter including means to equalize the welding pressure of plural, simultaneously applied electrodes.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 86.7]

86.7

For predetermined welding operation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.33. Subject matter wherein the welding process is performed in accordance with a preset schedule of operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

125.1+,

for arc welding with predetermined welding operation.

86.8	Having interchangeable welding electrodes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.25. Subject matter having means for allowing plural electrodes to be used in place of each other.

86.9	For one-face welding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter wherein all electrical welding contact is applied to one side of the work.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 87]

Multiple spot type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter in which multiple spot bonds are produced.

(1) Note. The multiple spot bonds can be produced, simultaneously by plural pairs of electrodes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

81+,	for this subject matter where the multiple bonds are produced by roller type electrodes.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 88]

Electrode positionable along fixed bus bar (e.g., reaction bar type):

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter having fixed bus bars of extended length for supplying the heating current and having electrodes for transferring the current to the work, said electrodes being movably positioned along the bus bar.

(1) Note. The bus bars, for example, may serve as backing members for absorbing mechanical thrust produced when the electrodes are clamped to the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

191,	Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclasses 43+ for trolleys for transferring electric current from a stationary conductor to a movable load.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 89]

Fluid pressure actuated electrode:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter in which the electrode is actuated by fluid pressure means.

(1) Note. The electrode may, for example, have a hydraulic cylinder attached to it to obtain a high clamping or indenting force.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

418,	Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses for rotary expansible chamber type pumps or motors, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

91,	Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses, for miscellaneous fluid pressure actuated motors.

90	Plier or tong type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter in which opposing electrodes are mounted on the jaws of a plier or tong.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 91.1]

91.1

With condition responsive control of the welding process:

This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter wherein the spot bonding process is automatically controlled in response to a sensed condition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.5,	for cylinder bonding with condition responsive control means.
86.41+,	for spot bonding electrode support condition responsive means.
108+,	for automatic output control circuits.

91.2	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 86.1. Subject matter including processes of spot bonding.

91.21

Of welding through insulation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 91.2. Subject matter including the processes of bonding through material through which essentially no current will flow.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

92+,	for methods of welding current limitation including interposed insulation.

91.22

With additional heating to same spot:

This subclass is indented under subclass 91.2. Subject matter including means to apply heat more than once to same area of the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

78.13,

for additional heating devices.

91.23

With work deforming:

This subclass is indented under subclass 91.2. Subject matter including means for forging or shaping of the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.11,	for forming means with the electric heating of cylinders having internal support means.
78.16,	for forming means with resistance welding.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 92]

Current limitation (e.g., by interposed insulation):

This subclass is indented under subclass 91.2. Subject matter in which the heating current is made to localize at particular points of the workpiece by means other than the electrodes.

(1) Note. The workpieces to be bonded, for example, may be coated with insulating paint on the contacting faces except at those points where bonding is to take place.

93	By localized projection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Subject matter in which the current localizing means comprises localized projections on the workpiece.

94	By interposed button:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Subject matter in which the current localizing means comprises a member which is interposed between either the workpiece and electrode or between the workpieces being bonded, said member becoming part of the bond.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 95]

Percussive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter in which the members to be bonded are brought together percussively to developed the bonding pressure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 940 for metallic stock comprising components bonded by percussive or explosive-type force.

96	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Methods.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 97]

Flash:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter in which the metal workpieces to be bonded are heated by an electric arc created between them before pressure is applied.

(1) Note. The metal workpieces may or may not be further heated, after pressure is applied, by means of resistive heating arising from current flowing through the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

95+,	for this subject matter in which the pressure is developed percussively.

98	Stud:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Subject matter in which the metal workpiece is a stud which is bonded to a base.

99	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Methods.

100	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Methods.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 101]

101

Butt:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter in which the bond is a butt joint between the end of a member and another member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

95+,	for this subject matter using percussively developed pressure.
97+,	for this subject matter in which the heat is developed by an electric arc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclasses 304.1+ for processes of butt joining nonmetallic elements.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 102]

102

Extended seam:

This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter in which the bond is an extended seam.

(1) Note. Two narrow sheets of metal, for example, may be edge bonded to form a wide sheet.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

81+,	for similar subject matter utilizing roller electrodes.

103	One part fed:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter in which one workpiece only is fed to develop the bonding pressure.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 104]

104

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Methods.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses 615+ for composite metallic stock comprising welded joints characterized by the composition of the parts joined and/or the filler metal.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 105]

105

Preparation of edges:

This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter relating to the preparation of the edges to be bonded.

(1) Note. The edges, for example, may be preshaped.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

73,	for arc welding with flux.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, appropriate subclasses for metallurgical bonding by nonelectrical heating; particularly subclasses 141.1+ when combined with work shaping; and subclasses 203+ when combined with other pretreating of the work.

106	By use of a bridging member (e.g., splice plate):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter in which a bridging member is utilized in bonding the butt joint.

107	End or edge to surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter relating to the bonding of an edge or end to a surface.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 108]

108

Systems of current supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter relating to the system for supplying the electric current which produces the heating.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

130.1+,

for similar subject matter used in arc welding.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, for miscellaneous voltage or current control systems.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 109]

109

With indicator (e.g., recorder):

This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter having indicating means.

(1) Note. The indicator may be, for example, a signal, alarm or recorder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

324,	Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for electric testing. Note subclasses 76.11+ for electric meters.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclass 655 for a condition responsive system indicating heating circuit energization.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 110]

110

Controlled in response to current, voltage, or temperature:

This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter which is controlled in response to current in, voltage at or temperature of the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, subclasses 234 through 298for automatically controlled voltage or current regulation systems.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 111]

111

Repeat or interrupted current systems (e.g., multiple welds, multiple heated weld):

This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein the current is repeated or interrupted automatically.

(1) Note. This subclass relates, for example, to systems where the current is interrupted so as to give alternate periods of heating and cooling at the same weld, and to systems where the current is interrupted so that it may be distributed to different weld areas.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

81+,	for roller electrode bonding, some of which utilize interrupted current supply systems.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 112]

112

Stored energy discharge (e.g., inductive):

This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter in which the heating current is derived from a stored energy source.

(1) Note. The stored energy source, for example, may be an inductor with a large flux in its core or it may be a storage battery.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 289+ for miscellaneous space discharge tube systems having a surge generator, and consult the search notes thereto for related art.
320,	Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or Discharging, appropriate subclass for charging or discharging a battery or capacitor energy storage system.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 113]

113

Condenser discharge:

This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Subject matter having a condenser to store the energy.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

320,	Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or Discharging, appropriate subclasses for charging or discharging a battery or capacitor energy storage system, especially subclasses 166+ for capacitor charging or discharging.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 114]

114

With space-discharge tube control (e.g., thyratron, ignitron):

This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter having a space discharge control tube.

(1) Note. The tube may be, for example, an ignitron or thyratron.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 246+ for miscellaneous gas tube systems having alternating current supply and consult the search notes thereto for related art.
323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, subclass 291 for miscellaneous space discharge tube type voltage or current control systems.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 115]

115

Synchronous switching on and off:

This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter having means to energize or deenergize the system in timed relation to the voltage oscillation of an alternating current supply system.

(1) Note. Switching may be accomplished, for example, only at the voltage or current zero, or in such a manner as not to cause saturation of a transformer.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 116]

116

With transformer:

This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter having a transformer.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, subclass 355 for miscellaneous transformer systems.
336,	Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses, for transformers, per se.

117.1

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter comprising processes of electric heating of metal for bonding with pressure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

78.12,

for resistance welding methods of making honeycombs.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 118]

118

Particular material (e.g., dissimilar, aluminum):

This subclass is indented under subclass 117.1. Subject matter involving a particular metal.

(1) Note. This subclass relates, for example, to the welding of dissimilar metals, and to the welding of aluminum, titanium and molybdenum.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 650 for a metallic composite in which a component has an aluminum base.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 119]

119

Electrodes (e.g., structure):

This subclass is indented under subclass 78.01. Subject matter relating to the electrodes utilized in pressure welding.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

439,	Electrical Connectors, appropriate subclasses for terminals.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 120]

120

With cooling:

This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter having cooling means for the electrode.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 11+ for analogous subject matter in the electric lamp and space discharge device art.
439,	Electrical Connectors, subclass 112 for cooled terminals.

121.11	By Arc:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter where a working arc of charged particles is caused to impinge on a workpiece.

121.12

Using electron beam:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.11. Subject matter wherein the working arc is an electron beam in a vacuum.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250,	Radiant Energy, subclass 492.1 for irradiation of objects or material and subclass 492.2 for irradiation of semiconductive devices.

121.13	Welding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter for joining two workpieces.

121.14	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.13. Subject matter including methods of joining two workpieces.

121.15	Deposition (e.g., sputtering):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein an electron beam impinges on a workpiece to evaporate material therefrom.

121.16

Melting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein the electron beam liquifies the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclass 65 for nonferrous electron beam melting processes.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclasses 10 and 11 for an electron beam furnace device.

121.17

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.16. Subject matter including methods of liquifying a workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclass 65 for nonferrous electron beam melting processes.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclasses 10 and 11 for an electron beam furnace device.

121.18	Cutting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein a workpiece is severed by an electron beam.

121.19

Etching or trimming:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.18. Subject matter wherein the cut is superficial or partially through the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

216,	Etching a Substrate: Processes, subclasses 63 and 94 for the use of an election beam in etching.
438,	Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process, particularly subclass 661 for combined processes for trimming a conductive pathway on a semiconductive substrate.

121.2	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.19. Subject matter including processes of cutting a workpiece.

121.21	Chamber:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein an evacuated housing structure is provided for partially or completely enclosing the workpiece.

121.22	Sealing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.21. Wherein vacuum or subatmospheric pressure securing means is provided on the chamber.

121.23

Monitoring:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.21. Subject matter wherein means are provided for visual or electronic communication with the interior of the chamber.

(1) Note. Communication includes such things as microscope and T.V. view.

121.24	Nonvacuum environment:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein the working electron beam is in the ambient atmosphere.

121.25

Shaping:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein the working are of the charged particle beam is geometrically configured by using a plate, mask electromagnetic lens electrostatic and electromagnetic deflectors.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250,	Radiant Energy, subclass 396 for focusing and magnetic lenses.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclass 14 for deflection control.

121.26

With focusing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.25. Subject matter wherein the location of the charged particle beam is directed to a particular location by focusing (e.g., dynamic of static coil means).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250,	Radiant Energy, subclass 396 for beam focusing.

121.27

With electrode or gun structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.25. Subject matter wherein a particular electrode configuration is provided or a particular electron beam generator housing structure is set forth.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclass 13 for electron beam gun assembly.

121.28	Position control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein the charged particle beam is located by deflecting the beam or moving the workpiece.

121.29	Swept or scanned:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.28. Subject matter wherein the beam of charged particles is continuously deflected in opposite directions by electrostatic or electromagnetic means.

121.3	Condition responsive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.28. Subject matter wherein the charge particle beam is located in response to a position detector (e.g., a detector circuit encoder and computer or a secondary emission detector).

121.31	Workpiece position control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject wherein the workpiece or a support therefore is located by moving the workpiece or the support (e.g., by servo control driving circuit for an XY table).

121.32	Condition responsive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.31. Subject matter wherein the workpiece or the support is moved in response to secondary emission detection of a faulty location.

121.33

With fluid supply (e.g., shielding gas or coolant):

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter wherein the particle beam generator structure is provided with means for receiving and utilizing a fluid as a working fluid in machining or as a cooling or shield fluid.

(1) Note. Machining includes welding, cutting, etching, etc.

121.34	Power supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter including a source of electrical energy.

121.35	Method:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.12. Subject matter including methods of heating a workpiece.

121.36

Using plasma:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.11. Subject matter wherein the working arc is an ionized gas plasma.

(1) Note. A plasma torch exclusive of furnace structure can be employed to heat the workpiece under this gas plasma.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

216,	Etching a Substrate: Processes, subclasses 67+ for the use of plasma in an etching process.

121.37	Melting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter wherein the ionized gas plasma liquifies the workpiece.

121.38	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.37. Subject matter including a process of liquifying a workpiece by a plasma.

121.39	Cutting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter wherein a plasma torch is used to server a workpiece.

121.4

Etching:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.39. Subject matter wherein eroding or abrading is accomplished with a plasma torch.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclasses 345.1 through 345.55for differential etching apparatus.
204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclasses 192.32+ for a sputter etching process and subclasses 298.31+ for the corresponding apparatus.
216,	Etching a Substrate: Processes, subclasses 67+ for chemically etching a substrate with a plasma.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 231.31+ fluid supply with plasma devices.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 111.21+ for plasma generating systems.

121.41

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.4. Subject matter relating to the process of eroding and abrading a workpiece with a plasma torch.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclasses 345.1 through 345.55for differential etching apparatus
204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclasses 192.32+ for a sputter etching process.
216,	Etching a Substrate: Processes, subclasses 67+ for chemically etching a substrate with a plasma.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 231.31+ fluid supply with plasma devices.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 111.21+ for plasma generating systems.

121.42

Rate control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.4. Subject matter wherein the speed of removal of material from a workpiece by a plasma torch is regulated (e.g., by controlling gas flow or power to the torch).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 231.31+ fluid supply with plasma devices.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 111.21+ for plasma generating systems.

121.43

With chamber:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.4. Subject matter wherein eroding or abrading of the workpiece is accomplished in an enclosure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 231.31+ fluid supply with plasma devices.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 111.21+ for plasma generating systems.

121.44	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 131.39. Subject matter relating to the process of eroding or abrading of a workpiece by a plasma torch.

121.45	Welding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter wherein workpiece are fused together by the plasma gas from a torch.

121.46	Method:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.45. Subject matter relating to processes of fusing workpieces by a plasma gas from a torch.

121.47

Spray coating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter wherein material is deposited on a workpiece with a plasma.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

76.16,

for deposition welding (e.g., coating or building up with a plasma).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

427,	Coating Processes, subclasses 446+ for spraying involving flame or plasma coating agent.

121.48

Plasma torch structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter having a housing including at least one electrode, a nozzle for fluid flow passage and a power supply.

(1) Note. The fluid flow passage may carry the working fluid, shielding fluid or cooling fluid.

121.49	Cooling system:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.48. Subject matter wherein a fluid is supplied to the torch for cooling the nozzle.

121.5	Nozzle system:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.48. Subject matter relating to the structural configuration of the distal end of the torch structure which influence the exit gas flow rate.

121.51	Gas supply system:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.48. Subject matter including structure for delivering working and shielding gases.

121.52	Electrode structure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.48. Subject matter relating to the cathode configuration.

121.53	Consumable electrode:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.48. Subject matter wherein a feed wire electrode is consumed during heating.

121.54	Control systems:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter including a system to regulate the associated components of a plasma system.

121.55	Gas supply:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.54. Subject matter relating to various gas supplies to the plasma torch and specific control of the same.

121.56	Arc positioning:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.54. Subject matter relating to controlling the location of the arc of the plasma torch (e.g., by magnetic deflection, XYZ control, etc.).

121.57

Arc ignition:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.54. Subject matter including means for starting an arc.

(1) Note. Between a starter nonconsumable electrode and the workpiece.

(2) Note. Between a consumable electrode and the workpiece.

(3) Note. Between the nonconsumable electrode of the torch and the torch structure.

(4) Note. Arc ignition includes interalia straight and reverse polarity and the control of power to the electrode.

121.58	With work holder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter including the support of the workpiece, (e.g., by roller support, XY table, clamp, etc.).

121.59	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.36. Subject matter relating to processes of heating by an ionized gas plasma in a furnace or by a plasma torch.

121.6

Using laser:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.11. Subject matter using coherent source of amplified light.

(1) Note. Produced by the relaxation of stimulated molecules or atoms.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

216,	Etching a Substrate: Processes, subclass 65 for the use of a laser in etching.
372,	Coherent Light Generators, appropriate subclasses for a particular coherent light generator or cavity structure.

121.61	Beam energy control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter which regulates the output of the beam (e.g., controlling the excitation source, switching, etc.).

121.62	Condition responsive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.61. Subject matter which controls the beam energy in response to a detected condition (e.g., reflected radiation).

121.63	Welding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter wherein a coherent light beam is used to cause two workpieces to unite by heating.

121.64	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.63. Subject matter including processes of uniting workpieces.

121.65	Melting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter wherein the coherent light beam liquifies the workpiece.

121.66	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.65. Subject matter including processes of melting a workpiece using a coherent light beam.

121.67

Cutting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter wherein the workpiece is severed by a coherent light beam.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

607,	Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, subclasses 303.1 , 84, and 88 for lasers used in surgery for cutting, coagulation, etc.

121.68

Etching or trimming:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.67. Subject matter wherein the cut is superficial or partially through the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

438,	Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process, particularly subclass 662 for combined processes for trimming a conductive pathway on a semiconductive substrate.

121.69	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.68. Subject matter including processes of etching or trimming the workpiece.

121.7

Hole punching:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.67. Subject matter including perforating a workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

131,	Tobacco, subclass 281 for cigarette making including perforating.

121.71

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.70. Subject matter including the processes of perforating a workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

131,	Tobacco, subclass 281 for cigarette making including perforating.

121.72	Methods:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.67. Subject matter including the process of severing a workpiece.

121.73	Shaping:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter including focusing of a coherent light beam.

121.74	With mirror:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.73. Subject matter wherein mirrors are used to focus the coherent light beam.

121.75	With lens:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.73. Subject matter wherein lenses are used to focus the coherent light beam.

121.76	Multiple beams:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter having plural coherent light beams.

121.77

With single source:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.76. Subject matter having plural beams using a beam splitter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclasses 618+ for beam deflection or splitting.

121.78	Beam position control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter wherein the coherent light beam is positioned on a workpiece by relative movement of the beam (e.g., X-Y table movement reflector movement, rotary discs).

121.79

Path adjustment:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.78. Subject matter relating to changing the location of the light beam by changing the path.

(1) Note. The beam path can be changed by telescopic movement, fiber optics movement, robotic movement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

901,	Robots, subclass 42 for welding devices.

121.8

Swept or scanned:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.78. Subject matter including oscillating or reciprocating the coherent light beam.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclasses 212.1 through 215.1and 223.1 through 226.1 for light deflection using a reflective element.

121.81

Condition responsive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.78. Subject matter wherein the coherent light beam is positioned in response to a detected condition.

(1) Note. For example, a feed back signal from reflected light is used to control an XY movement. Position sensors are used for computer control of digital deflector and XY movement.

121.82	Workpiece position control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter including control of the movement of a workpiece in an XY or XYZ position.

121.83	With monitoring:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter including observation of the position of the coherent light beam on the workpiece (e.g., by microscope, C.R.T., etc.).

121.84

With fluid supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter including fluid supply means for cooling or cleaning the laser apparatus or workpiece.

(1) Note. A working fluid is one which gives an exothermic reaction with the operation of the applied beam. A cooling fluid is used to cool some part (mirror, etc.) of the light beam apparatus and a cleaning fluid is used to clean a particular element of the apparatus such as the lens.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

372,	Coherent Light Generators, subclass 35 for liquid coolant.

121.85	Method:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter including processes applying a coherent light beam to a workpiece (e.g., welding, cutting, perforating, etching, etc.).

121.86	Chamber:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 121.60. Subject matter wherein the workpiece is in a hermetically sealed enclosure.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 122]

122

Control of arc direction:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter in which the path of the arc through space is controlled.

(1) Note. The arc, for example, between stationary electrodes may be deflected, so as to impinge against the work, by means of a gas blast.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

69+,	for this subject matter utilized for metal cutting or disintegrating.
73,	for the feeding of slag to an electric metal heating arc.
74+,	for this subject matter.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 123]

123

Magnetic:

This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter in which the means for controlling the course of the arc is a magnetic means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 153+ for this subject matter, not utilized for metal heating, and consult the search notes thereto for related art.

124.01

With ignition by retraction:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the arc heating means is initiated by a drawn arc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

130.4,

for arc ignition and stabilization arrangements with arc-power supplies.

124.02

With gap control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the arc torch is regulated by sensor means responsive to an arc current or voltage characteristic occurring in the gap between the arc torch and the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

69,	for gap spacing control in cutting or disintegrating electric heating.
130.01,	for circuits for monitoring arc parameters.
130.21+,	for automatic output control of arc-power supplies.

124.03	By arc voltage:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.02. Subject matter having sensor means responsive to the voltage occurring in the gap between the arc torch and the work.

124.1

With automatic positioning of arc:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein sensor means in response to a sensed condition controls automatic control means to position the arc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

901,	Robots, subcollection 10 for a robot arm in which an sensor physically contacts and follows the work contour to control the arm movement and subcollection 42 for an art collection of welding robots.

124.21

Including work cutting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 124.1. Subject matter including means to sever work during or after the welding process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

78.15,

for resistance welding with work cutting means.

124.22	In response to work shape:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.1. Subject matter wherein the sensor responds to the form of the work to be welded.

124.31	Having carriage supported by work:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.22. Subject matter wherein the arc torch support is provided by the work during the welding operation.

124.32	Having variable welding head travel rate (e.g., gravity feed):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.22. Subject matter wherein the arc torch moves at different speeds over the weld area of the work.

124.33	Having electrode angle control:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.22. Subject matter including means for regulating the orientation between the arc torch and the work.

124.34

By using probe means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 124.22. Subject matter including mechanical, optical, or magnetic work shape sensor means.

(1) Note. This subclass includes feedback circuit for control.

124.4	In response to work position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.1. Subject matter wherein sensed changes in the work orientation regulate movement of the arc torch.

124.5	In response to the transfer rate of the weld metal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 124.1. Subject matter wherein sensor means respond to the weld metal deposit rate to control the arc torch position.

125.1

With predetermined welding operation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the welding process is performed in accordance with a preset schedule of operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

86.7,

for predetermining welding operation of adjustable electrode support, spot bonding means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

901,	Robots, subcollection 10 for a robot arm in which a sensor physically contacts and follows the work contour to control the arm movement and subcollection 42 for an art collection of welding robots.

125.11

For closed path welding (e.g., circumferential welding):

This subclass is indented under subclass 125.1. Subject matter wherein during a continuous welding operation, the welder returns at least once to a point in the previously welded path.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

60.2,

for annular arc butt welding of heat exchange tubes to a perforated plate.

125.12	For oscillating electrode welding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 125.1. Subject matter wherein the arc torch welds across the width of the work seam with a reciprocal motion.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 126]

126

Vertical work (e.g., horizontal seam in vertical wall):

This subclass is indented under subclass 125.1. Subject matter in which the work is vertical.

(1) Note. The bonding operation may take place, for example, at a horizontal or a vertical seam of a vertical wall of a metal tank.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 127]

127

Spot arc bonding (e.g., arc riveting):

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter in which the arc is not moved continuously with respect to the work but touches it only at isolated points and in which the heat of the arc is used for bonding.

(1) Note. This is sometimes known as arc riveting or plug welding.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

87,	for similar subject matter in resistance welding.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 128]

128

With working of bonding metal (e.g., by peening):

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter in which the metal heated by the arc is worked after being deposited.

(1) Note. A deposited weld bead, for example, may be peened while it is cooling.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 129]

129

Brazzing or soldering:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter relating to brazing or soldering.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

69,	for spark producing.
85.1,	for similar subject matter utilizing pressure.
121,	for initiating plasma arc.
136,	for similar subject matter utilized for welding.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, for spark producing circuits.

130.01

Including circuits for monitoring arc parameters:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter including circuit means for sensing and indicating arc conditions.

(1) Note. The monitoring does not include a control function.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

109,	for resistance welding indicating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

324,	Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for circuits for measuring and testing electricity.

130.1

Including arc-power supplies:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter including circuit means for providing electrical energy for arc welding.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

69+,	for electric arc machining.
108+,	for resistance welding power supplies.

130.21

With automatic output control (e.g., short circuit, infrared):

This subclass is indented under subclass 130.1. Subject matter including circuit means for regulating the output in response to a sensed condition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

110,	resistance welding with control in response to current, voltage, or temperature.
124.02,	for gap control in arc welding.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, appropriate subclasses for automatic output control.

130.31

Responsive to arc voltage only:

This subclass is indented under subclass 130.21. Subject matter wherein the sensed condition pertains to the arc voltage

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

124.03,

for gap control by arc voltage in arc welding.

130.32	Responsive to arc current only:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 130.21. Subject matter wherein the sensed condition pertains to the arc current.

130.33	Responsive to both arc voltage and arc current:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 130.21. Subject matter wherein the sensed condition pertains to arc voltage and arc current.

130.4	With arc ignition and stabilization arrangements:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 130.1. Subject matter including circuit means to initiate and maintain an electric welding arc.

130.5

With predetermined time variation of arc voltage or current (e.g., programmed):

This subclass is indented under subclass 130.1. Subject matter including circuit means to constrain the arc voltage or current to follow a preestablished temporal pattern.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

125.1,

for predetermined arc welding operation.

130.51

Pulsating or periodic output:

This subclass is indented under subclass 130.5. Subject matter wherein the preestablished temporal pattern exhibits a nonsinusoidal repeating waveform.

(1) Note. This subject matter will include square waves or rectified sinusoids.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 132]

132

Remote control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 130.1. Subject matter having remote control.

(1) Note. A weld rod holder, for example, may be provided with means to remotely start a motor-generator set which supplies the current for the arc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, subclass 201 for miscellaneous motor-generator systems.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 1.1 through 16.1for miscellaneous remote control systems.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 133]

133

With generator (e.g., gas engine driven):

This subclass is indented under subclass 130.1. Subject matter having a generator for generating the current used in the electric arc.

(1) Note. The generator, for example, may be driven by a prime mover.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

290,	Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, appropriate subclasses for engine driven generator systems.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 134]

134

Electric motor driven:

This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter in which the generator is driven by an electric motor.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, subclasses 10+ for miscellaneous motor-generator systems.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 136]

136

Welding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter relating to welding.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

129,	for similar subject matter utilized for soldering.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses 615+ for composite metallic stock comprising welded joints characterized by the composition of the parts joined and/or the filler metal.

137	Process:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Processes.

137.2

With consumable electrode device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter including means having current carrying, fusible weld material as a welding electrode.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

72+,	for consumable electrode welding with nonatmospheric environment at hot spot.
75,	for nonconsumable electrode devices.
124.32,	for gravity feed consumable electrode arc welding.

137.31	Gun:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.2. Subject matter including means for projecting the weld material or necessary weld environmental elements to the weld site.

137.41	Having fume extractor:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.31. Subject matter including means for the removal of gaseous material from the arc weld site.

137.42	Having gas flow limiting shape (e.g., gas diffuser):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.31. Subject matter wherein the nozzle is of a form which restricts the travel of gas toward the weld site.

137.43	Having spatter shield:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.31. Subject matter including means to protect nozzle elements from weld splash back.

137.44	Having integral electrode guide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.31. Subject matter including means to direct an electrode through the welding gun.

137.51	With flexibility:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.44. Subject matter wherein the guide is capable of being bent.

137.52	With wear resistant liner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.44. Subject matter including durable insert means for protection against deterioration of the guide means.

137.61	Having filler electrical contact structure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.31. Subject matter including structural means to ensure electrical connection between a traveling filler and an electrically conductive component of the nozzle.

137.62

Having cooling means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 137.31. Subject matter including means to maintain or lower the temperature of the welding gun.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.7,	for cylinder resistance welding with cooling means.
76.11,	for deposition welding with cooling means.

137.63	Having supply connection means (e.g., quick disconnect):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.31. Subject matter including means to attach the nozzle to source of weld current or materials.

137.7

Rate control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 137.2. Subject matter including means to regulate the feed speed of the filler material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

130.21+,

for automatic output control for arc-power supplies.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, subclasses 40+ for oscillating or rotating, nonconsumable electrodes with interconnected feed mechanisms.

137.71	Circuits:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.7. Subject matter including electrical circuits for controlling the rate of feeding consumable filler to the welding arc.

137.8	Including filler wire deforming:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 137.2. Subject matter including means to bend filler wire prior to passage to the welding torch.

137.9

Supply cables (e.g., for current, shielding gas, coolant):

This subclass is indented under subclass 137.2. Subject matter including conduit means for providing weld current or materials.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

174,	Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, subclass 15.7 for welding cables.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 138]

138

Electrode holder (e.g., spring biased tong):

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter relating to arc electrode holders.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

439,	Electrical Connectors, appropriate subclasses for the subject matter when not disclosed as useful in electric arc heating of metal. Note especially subclasses 241+ .

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 139]

139

Plural adjustable electrodes (e.g., hand torch):

This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter having means for holding plural electrodes in adjustable relation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclass 147 for similar subject matter not used for metal heating.
314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, subclass 134 for analogous structure in arc lamps.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 140]

140

Spring jaw (e.g., sprung by electrode):

This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter in which the electrode is held in a spring jaw.

(1) Note. The electrode rod, for example, may be used to spring resilient jaws sufficiently far apart so that it may be inserted between them.

141	With separate actuator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter having means, separate from the spring jaws, for actuating the spring jaws.

142	Plunger jaw (e.g., screw actuated):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter having a jaw which moves longitudinally of the axis of the electrode holder.

143	Spring biased:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter in which the longitudinally moving jaw is spring biased.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 144]

144

Positive grip:

This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter in which means are provided for positively gripping the electrode.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

142,	for this subject matter where the electrode jaw moves longitudinally of the axis of the electrode holder.

145.1

Weld rod structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter including physical organization of the electrode or filler used in arc welding.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

427,	Coating Processes, subclasses 58+ for processes of forming weld rods by coating.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses 379+ for a rod which is merely coated and may be utilized as an arc welding electrode and is not classified elsewhere.

145.21

Nonconsumable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 145.1. Subject matter wherein the weld rod electrode is of a nonfiller material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

146.21,

for subject matter related to composition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 231.03+ for similar electrodes not for welding.

145.22

Flux cored:

This subclass is indented under subclass 145.1. Subject matter wherein a granular arc shielding material is encased by a sheath of filler metal.

(1) Note. Weld rods defined merely as cored rods are not classified herein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

146.3+,

for composition of flux.

145.23

Flux coated:

This subclass is indented under subclass 145.1. Subject matter wherein a granular arc shielding material covers the outer surface of filler metal.

(1) Note. A weld rod defined merely as a flux-coated rod is not classified herein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

146.3+,

for composition of flux.

145.31	Partially:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 145.23. Subject matter wherein only part of filler metal outer surface is covered.

145.32	With wire wrap:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 145.23. Subject matter including a metal strand wound around the filler metal.

145.41	Nonmetal cover:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 145.1. Subject matter including a sheath of a material other than metal.

146.1

Weld rod composition:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter relating to the chemical makeup of the arc electrode or filler.

(1) Note. Weld rods defined merely as alloy rods are not classified herein.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

420,	Alloys or Metallic Compositions, subclasses 122.1+ for arc electrode or filler alloys, per se.

146.21

Nonconsumable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 146.1. Subject matter wherein the material of the arc electrode is of a nonfiller material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

145.1,

for structure of nonconsumable electrodes.

146.22	Nonferrous:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.1. Subject matter relating to weld rods containing metal other than iron as primary constituent.

146.23	Containing nickel, chromium, and iron:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.1. Subject matter wherein the electrode contains at least some quantity of each of nickel, chromium, and iron.

146.24	Metal deoxidizer or denitrogenizer:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.1. Subject matter including a scavenger of oxygen or nitrogen of a metallic material within the filler.

146.30	Particulate:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.24. Subject matter wherein a scavenger material is included within a granular material.

146.31	Particulate:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.1. Subject matter including a granular material.

146.32	Alloying:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.31. Subject matter wherein at least a part of the granular material is to be added to the weld deposit.

146.41	Nickel or chromium:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.32. Subject matter wherein the material to be added to the weld deposit includes nickel or chromium.

146.51	Containing carbide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 146.31. Subject matter wherein at least part of the granular material is a carbide.

146.52

Shielding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 146.31. Subject matter including materials which decompose to provide protection to the weld site from atmospheric contamination.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

73.2,

for this subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

148,	Metal Treatment, subclasses 23+ for fluxing compositions, per se.
252,	Compositions, subclasses 500+ for arc shielding compositions.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, subclass 28 for glass batch forming compositions containing slag.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 147]

147

With eye shield:

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter having means for protecting the eyes of the operator from the effects of the arc.

(1) Note. The eye shield may, for example, have a shutter which is caused to automatically shut when arc current is drawn.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, subclass 432 for goggles having an antiglare lens.
351,	Optics: Eye Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting, subclasses 44+ for eyeglasses with light reducing means.
359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclasses 885+ for visual filters.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 148]

148

Bonding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter related to the bonding of metal by the heat developed by an electric current.

(1) Note. This subclass relates, for example, to miscellaneous bonding accessories, not above provided for, such as grounding clamps.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 149]

149

With forging or shaping (e.g., of powder):

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter combined with forging or shaping of the workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51+,	for this subject matter where the workpiece is chain.
56+,	for this subject matter where the workpiece is wire, rod or bar.
59.1+,	for this subject matter where the workpiece is a tube.
68+,	for this subject matter where the shaping is cutting.
78.01+,	for this subject matter where the workpiece is bonded to another by application of pressure while heated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

72,	Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses for plastic metal shaping not involving significant electric heating.

150	Upsetting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Subject matter in which the forging or shaping is upsetting.

151	Anvil electrode:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Subject matter in which one of the electrodes utilized to apply electric current to the workpiece also acts as an anvil for upsetting the work.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 152]

152

Simultaneous with heating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Subject matter in which the upsetting takes place simultaneously with the heating.

(1) Note. Either heating or upsetting may also, in addition to the defined mode, occur by itself.

153	Bending or twisting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Subject matter in which the forging or shaping is bending or twisting.

154	Subsequent to heating:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Subject matter in which the forging or shaping takes place after the electric heating.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 155]

155

Endless strip:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter in which the metal heated is an endless strip.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

226,	Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to effect movement of the material.
242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, appropriate subclasses for winding, tensioning, or guiding elongated material in general which may include endless material.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 156]

156

Rods and bars:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter in which the metal heated is a rod or bar.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

56+,	for similar subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

226,	Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to effect movement of the material.

157	Rivets:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter in which the metal heated is a rivet.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 158]

158

Work holders:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter relating to workpiece holders.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

269,	Work Holders, for unheated devices.

159	Rotating supports:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter having a rotating support for the workpiece.

160	Mandrels (e.g., anvil):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter having a mandrel.

161	Clamp:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter having clamping means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 162]

162

Methods:

This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Methods.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

58,	for wire, rod or bar electric heating methods.
83,	for electric pressure bonding methods utilizing roller electrodes.
91.1+,	for miscellaneous spot pressure electric bonding methods.
96,	for percussive electric bonding methods.
99,	100, for flash electric bonding methods.
104+,	for butt electric bonding methods.
117.1+,	for miscellaneous pressure electric bonding methods.
137,	for arc welding methods.
603+,	for induction heating.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 200]

200

HEATING DEVICES:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes significant structural details of miscellaneous devices of general utility whereby electrical energy is converted to thermal energy and in which thermal energy is utilized to raise the temperature of some material or object from a first value to a second higher value and not otherwise classifiable above in this class or other art class. In order to be classifiable in this class the claimed subject matter should include only means for utilizing the thermal energy generated in general terms.

(1) Note. The patents in this and the indented subclasses include only those devices in which the claimed subject matter includes specific details of electrical heating means whereby thermal energy is generated and transmitted to a space or an object (load) with no significant structural details of the load recited.

(2) Note. The heating devices to be found herein include specifically recited electrical heating devices combined with material to be heated in which the claimed combination does not constitute a part of a system or apparatus properly classified in another art class and subcombinations or elements of such heating devices which do not of themselves comprise subject matter classifiable elsewhere.

(3) Note. Patents in which the claimed subject matter is restricted to methods of heating and in which no apparatus claims appear will not ordinarily be classified in this or the indented subclasses, except in cases where an apparatus of the type, which if claimed, would be classifiable in this class, is shown and disclosed and there is no other appropriate class for the method alone.

(4) Note. Patents claiming the combination of particular art device structure with electric heater structure are, in general, classified with the particular art device.

(5) Note. Patents in which the claimed subject matter includes means to effect a change of physical state or of chemical composition of a material, and which may include electric heating means, will not be found in this class, but in the appropriate physical or chemical change class to which it appertains. The only exceptions provided for in this class are electric water heaters which may in the process of heating the water, generate steam or vapor and wherein no specific use of the steam or vapor aside from assisting in the heating function is claimed and electrically heated vessels and crucibles which may be utilized for melting material at low melting temperatures.

(6) Note. Patents in which the claimed subject matter includes both heating and cooling of a material in sequence will not ordinarily be found in this class. Class 165 is the generic class relating to the transfer of heat from one material to another and includes all means for modifying temperature not found in other classes. Subclass 58 of Class 165, e.g., provides for selectively or simultaneously heating and cooling external material. For other classes and subclasses utilizing heat exchange, see "SEARCH CLASS" under the class definition of Class 165.

(7) Note. See "SEARCH CLASS" under Paragraph II in the class definition above and see SEARCH CLASS notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

50+,	for electrical metal heating apparatus or methods.
600+,	for inductive heating.
678+,	for microwave heating.
764+,	for capacitive dielectric heating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses 250.05+ for window cleaning attachments combined with heating means (including electrical heaters). (See (7) Note, above.)
36,	Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, subclass 2.6 for those with heaters. (See (7) Note, above.)
53,	Package Making, subclass 373.7 , and see the "Notes" thereto for heat seaming combined with a packaging operations. (See (7) Note, above.)
99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclasses 324+ for cooking apparatus, especially subclass 358 for electrode type of cooking apparatus that heats food by running electricity through it.
100,	Presses, subclasses 92+ for a press including means of treating material by heating, cooling, or drying.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 204+ for body warmers having nonelectrical heating means. (See (7) Note, above.)
165,	Heat Exchange, see (6) Note above. 196, Mineral Oils: Apparatus, subclass 121, for electrically heated mineral oil apparatus. (See (7) Note, above.)
201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, subclass 19 for a thermolytic distillation process in which the distilland is heated by electrical energy. (See (7) Note, above.)
204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, for chemical processes and apparatus for utilizing electrical energy for purposes other than mere heating. (See (7) Note, above.)
250,	Radiant Energy, subclass 324 for methods and apparatus to irradiate objects by corona irradiations, subclasses 428+ for methods and apparatus to contain, support or transport fluent material with or without irradiating the material, subclasses 453.11+ for methods and apparatus to support an object with or without an irradiating source and subclasses 492.1+ for methods and apparatus to irradiate objects or material. (See (7) Note, above.)
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclass 337 for indirectly heated cathodes for electric space discharge devices which consist of a heater and a separate cathode surface which is to be heated thereby. (See (7) Note, above.)
338,	Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses, for electrical resistors commonly called heaters but not characterized by some feature especially adapting the unit for use as a heater. See also the reference to Class 338 under the class definition above, and also see the class definition of Class 338. (See (7) Note, above.)
374,	Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 182 for a thermocouple thermometer having reference junction temperature control. (See (7) Note, above.)
383,	Flexible Bags, subclass 901 for nonelectrical heating bag. (See (7) Note, above.)
604,	Surgery, subclass 114 for electrical means for heating or cooling the body device, or the treating material introduced or removed from the body. (See (7) Note, above.)
607,	Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, subclass 96 for devices for modifying the temperature of the body limited by claimed structure to therapeutic use. (See (7) Note, above.)

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 201]

201

Combined with diverse-type art device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the heating device is combined with other devices or mechanical structure having an added purpose or utility independent of the heating device and in which the utility of the other art device is not destroyed by the removal of or deactivation of the heating device and which claimed combination does not include sufficient specific structure of the other art device as to be classified either with the other art device, per se, or elsewhere.

(1) Note. See the appropriate other art class in the Manual of Classification for specific other art devices which are combined with heating means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 202]

202

Vehicle or vehicle component:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the diverse type art device comprises a vehicle or component thereof. The component may be a device which aside from and taken separately from the combination with a vehicle may have attained a separate status in the art; for instance, carburetor, radiator, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 451 for heating devices for rolling stock.
123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclasses 543+ for carburetors with heating, subclasses 41.01+ for cooling systems, subclasses 145+ for incandescent igniters, and subclass 142.5 for heating means.
180,	Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for a motor vehicle, generally, and for a motor vehicle having a component of a kind which is specifically provided for therein.
237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 5+ for automatic air heaters, subclasses 12.4+ for heat and power plants for cars and subclasses 28+ for vehicle heaters in general.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, subclass 134 for ice prevention devices for air craft.
296,	Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops, subclasses 84.1+ for windshields.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 203]

203

Windshield or window:

This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter wherein the diverse type art device comprises a windshield or other transparent surface of a vehicle provided for the purpose of admission of light or air or viewing the area exterior to the vehicle.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

522,	for wherein a housing or casing may perform plural functions (e.g., heated transparent housing).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, subclass 121 for shields and other protective devices, and subclass 134 for ice prevention devices.
296,	Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops, subclasses 84.1+ for windshields.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 204]

204

Steering device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises the steering wheel or other steering device for a vehicle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

74,	Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 552 for hand steering wheels.
180,	Motor Vehicles, subclasses 400+ for motor vehicle steering gear.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 205]

205

Motor or engine:

This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter wherein the diverse type art device comprises the motor or a component thereof of a vehicle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 142.5 for internal combustion engines with external heating means and subclasses 145+ for engines with incandescent igniters.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 206]

206

Manifold:

This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises the manifold of an internal combustion engine.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 142.5 for internal combustion engines with external heating means for heating some part or adjunct thereof.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 207]

207

Carburetor:

This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises carburetor means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

271+,

for heating devices with vaporizing means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 26 for carburetors providing additional air supply, and subclasses 434+ for charge forming devices for internal combustion engines.
261,	Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, subclasses 127+ for devices combined with external supply or removal of heat, particularly indented subclasses 139 and 142 for such devices with electric heaters.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 208]

208

Radiator or cooling system:

This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises the radiator or other part of the cooling system of an automobile.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

296+,

for liquid heaters having forced circulation means, subclasses 379+ for fluid heaters in general utilizing forced circulation, and subclasses 375, 404, 434, 443, 466, 530, and 540 for heaters with heat storage or transfer means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

123,	Internal-Combustion Engines, subclasses 41.04+ for cooling system structure, and subclass 142.5 for the combination of an internal combustion engine with external means for heating the radiator.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclass 341 for means for heating or cooling fluid handling systems combined with electrical heating means for the system.
165,	Heat Exchange, subclasses 41+ for heat exchange devices combined with vehicle feature.
180,	Motor Vehicles, subclasses 68.4+ for a motor vehicle having means for mounting a radiator for the vehicles motor.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 209]

209

Electrical devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises a device which is electrically operated or whose operative function is to control the condition of an electrical circuit, such as a motor or switch.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

511,	for thermally responsive circuit actuating means with auxiliary heating means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

310,	Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 341+ for piezoelectric crystals combined with temperature control means, subclass 16 for reciprocating dynamoelectric devices with temperature modification means and subclass 110 for clutches or brakes with means to dissipate induced energy in an external impedance.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 15+ for discharge devices with electric heater temperature modifying means.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses 32+ for systems with load device temperature modifying means and electrical circuit device, particularly subclasses 46+ and 49+.
322,	Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 81 for thermally varied resistance impedance circuit control means.
329,	Demodulators, subclass 202 for detectors wherein the signals effect a thermal charge in an impedance.
331,	Oscillators, subclass 70 for oscillators with a temperature modifier and, subclass 78 for electrical noise or random wave generators of a gaseous type with heating coil means.
332,	Modulators, appropriate subclasses for thermal modulators.
336,	Inductor Devices, subclasses 55+ for inductor devices with temperature modification means.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, subclasses 75 , 102+, 120, 141, and 377 for specific type electrothermal and thermal responsive actuating means.
338,	Electrical Resistors, subclass 7 for temperature compensated resistive value of a resistor, and subclass 23 for an indirectly heated thermistor.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclass 387.1 for an audible signaling device with weatherproofing (e.g., means to melt sleet off of a signal device, etc.).
343,	Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 704 for antennas with ice clearer or prevention means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 210]

210

Crystal or other vibratory device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises a piezo crystal or other vibratory device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

310,	Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 341+ for piezoelectric crystals with temperature control means, and subclass 16 for reciprocating or vibratory motors with temperature modification.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 211]

211

Apparel:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises a garment or other article of wearing apparel, usually having means whereby the apparel may be attached to or supported by the human body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

527,	for heating unit adapted to be body supported.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, appropriate subclasses for particular structure of devices of wearing apparel for the body which may be combined with heating means.
36,	Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, subclass 2.6 for boots and shoes combined with electric heating means.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 204+ for body warmers consisting of a garment combined with nonelectric heating means.
607,	Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, subclass 1.5 for electrically heated garments combined with means for setting up an electric field for the treatment of the body, subclass 96 for light, thermal, or electrical applicators adapted to be worn on the body for therapeutic reasons, and subclass 143 for body member enclosing thermal applicator.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 212]

212

Bed covering (e.g., blanket):

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises a blanket or other bed covering.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

529,	for flexible heating unit structure utilizing cloth or other fabric.
549,	for heating element with support of flexible material.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, subclasses 421+ for a bed, bed clothing, or a bed accessory combined with heating means.
607,	Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, subclass 1 for beds with thermal or electrical energy applicators, and subclass 96 for thermal applicators in general.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 213]

213

Static structure (e.g., building pavement, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises an element of a building, road, pavement or other permanently fixed static structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

104,	Railways, subclass 279 for electric rail heaters.
119,	Animal Husbandry, subclasses 302+ for brooder houses with heating means, and subclass 73 for stock watering troughs with temperature control.
165,	Heat Exchange, subclass 49 for radiant building panels.
191,	Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclass 27 for heated conductors of the third rail type.
246,	Railway Switches and Signals, subclass 428 for heated switches.
392,	Electric Resistance Heating Devices, subclasses 453+ for panel-type radiant heating devices adapted to form a part of or be attached to a building structure.
405,	Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclass 131 for radiant panels used for thawing the earth.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 214]

214

Vending, dispensing, or display device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises a vending, dispensing or display device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

267,	for igniters of the cigar or cigarette lighter type which may be disclosed as combined with a particular housing such as a display or dispensing means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

34,	Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclasses 88 and 237 for dryers combined with display, inspection or illuminating means.
40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 461 for cigar lighters combined with a changeable exhibitor.
99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for beverage or food preparation devices with dispensing or display means.
141,	Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means, subclass 82 for fluent material handling apparatus with material heating or cooling means.
221,	Article Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for article dispensing devices which may be combined with igniting ( subclasses 143+ ) or temperature, (subclass 150) control devices such as cigarette dispensers.
222,	Dispensing, appropriate subclasses, especially subclass 146 for dispensing devices combined with heating or cooling means.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, appropriate subclasses, especially subclass 114 for cabinets of the display case type which may be combined with heating means, and subclass 236 for cabinets in general with heating means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 215]

215

Shoe machinery:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises mechanisms specifically designed for the manufacture and repair of foot coverings.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

12,	Boot and Shoe Making, appropriate subclasses for shoe machinery combined with adhesive material heating or melting, thread warming or wax melting devices.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 216]

216

Printing or reproduction device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises a printing or other type of reproduction device.

(1) Note. Thermal print heads and similar devices which use a plurality of heaters to form a character to be printed are classified in Class 347, subclasses 171+.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

101,	Printing, subclasses 8 , 9, 21, 25, 27, and 31 for embossing devices utilizing heated dies.
346,	Recorders, subclass 76.1 for phenomenal recording using heat.
347,	Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information, subclasses 171+ for thermal print head and similar devices which use a plurality of heaters to form symbolic information.
355,	Photocopying, subclasses 100 and 106+ for devices for successively printing portions of a sensitized surface which may employ heating means.
399,	Electrophotography, subclasses 328+ , 330+, and 335+ for devices for fixing or fusing a toner image surface which use heating means.
430,	Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof, subclass 203 for transferring image using heat; and subclass 336 for heat developing.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 217]

217

Chair, bed, or other body-supporting means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises a chair, seat, bed or other support means for the human body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

528+,

for flexible or resilient housing structure adapted for use with electrical heating devices under the class (219) definition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

4,	Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, subclasses 237+ for toilet seats and covers.
5,	Beds, subclass 284 for beds with heating or cooling devices, and subclasses 421+ for heated mattresses.
297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 180.1+ for chairs or seats combined with heat exchange means.
607,	Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, subclass 1 for couches, beds, chairs and seats adapted for thermal application or therapeutic treatment.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 218]

218

Table or cabinet:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the other art device comprises an article of furniture consisting of (1) a smooth flat slab, board or the like supported on legs or (2) a cabinet type enclosure means for storage of articles.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

213,	for heaters associated with buildings, roads, pavements and the like.
214,	for heaters associated with dispensing cabinets.
443+,	for heating devices combined with a horizontal or planar heating surface which may be supported on a working counter, heating cabinet, stove top or other table like surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

62,	Refrigeration, subclasses 275+ for electric refrigerator cabinets with electrically heated defrosters.
108,	Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces, appropriate subclasses for specific table structure.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, appropriate subclasses especially subclass 236 for cabinet structures with heating, cooling or heat exchange means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 219]

219

Mirror:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the diverse type art device comprises a mirror.

(1) Note. Mirror devices with electrical heating means are ordinarily classified here, provided that the mirror structure is claimed broadly or in name only. For heated mirror structure combined with significant optical features the search will be in Class 359, Optical: Systems and Elements, subclasses 507+.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

376,	Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements, subclasses 100+ for plasma heating, laser heating, or electron or ion beam heating of a material or a plasma to obtain a nuclear fusion reaction.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 220]

220

Light means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus wherein the other art device comprises illumination means, broadly with significant electrical heating means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

230,	for heated-tip hand tool with illumination means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250,	Radiant Energy, subclass 495.1 for plural radiant energy sources including heat generator.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclass 15 for electric lamp or discharge device with electric heating means.
362,	Illumination, subclasses 92+ for the combination of specific light means with other structure which may be a heating device.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 221]

221

Tool or instrument:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein an electrical means heats a tool or instrument which is not otherwise classified.

(1) Note. Included in this and the indented subclasses are patents in which the claimed subject matter includes the combination of a tool or instrument with a stand or support when the tool or instrument is not a hand held or manipulative tool or instrument.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

201+,

for electric heaters combined with a diverse type art device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 140 for cutting tools with heater.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 226+ for tool heaters of the nonelectric type and subclasses 401+ for a self-heated tool utilizing liquid or gaseous fuel.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 222]

222

Hair heaters:

This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter wherein the tools or instruments under the definition of ... are for hair heating, treating or curling purposes, are formed into systems which utilize a plurality of tools or instruments for heating, treating or curling the hair with or without voltage or current control of the system, or wherein the tools, instruments or the system have manual or automatic connection and/or disconnection devices.

(1) Note. If in the claim the hair is included in the electrical circuit of the tool, instrument or the system, or the hair somehow is held or contained by the tool or instrument, the claim is properly classified in Class 132, Toilet. See Class 132, subclass 7 for all hair treating methods involving the hair on the scalp and subclasses 31+ for crimpers or curlers having crimping jaws, winding forms or mandrels which include rotating means and hair clamping jaws.

(2) Note. Included in this subclass are instruments to produce a vapor which will contact the hair for hair treating purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

156,	for means for electrically heating metal rods or bars.
271+,	for vaporizer means where the vapor is not used specifically for heat transfer or for hair heating, treating or curling purposes.
284+,	for electrolytic liquid heaters where the liquid to be heated forms part of the electric heating circuit.
520+,	for housings, casing, and support means for heating units which include means to hold or support the material to be heated, flexible casings, housings specially formed or adapted to fit the material to be heated, and hinged or separable compartments.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses 160 and 504 for brushes with heating means.
30,	Cutlery, for hand held cutlery implements for cutting hair, particularly subclasses 195+ for hair shears and thinners. See the notes under subclass 223 of this class.
34,	Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 283 , for processes for drying human hair while on the head and subclasses 96+ for apparatus for drying the hair on the head which includes structure to adapt the apparatus to the head of a person.
132,	Toilet, subclass 7 for methods of treating the hair on the scalp which includes cutting, softening or straightening and subclass 118 for heated combs or combs combined with additional features.
604,	Surgery, subclass 23 for applying gas to the body; and subclass 291 for heating or cooling material applied to or removed from the skin.
607,	Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, subclass 79 for brushes and combs for thermal applications.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 223]

223

Singeing apparatus:

This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter wherein the structure includes electrical heating means adapted to contact the hair or to be used with additional structure to transmit its heat to the hair for the purpose of hair singing.

(1) Note. Since the singeing instruments could be used for cutting, a search should also be made in Class 30, Cutlery. See subclasses 32+ for electrically heated hot wire type hand held razors for fixed or moving hot wire cutters and subclass 140 for cutters in general combined with heater. A claim to a hand held apparatus for cutting hair by an electrically heated wire would be classified in Class 30, Cutlery.

(2) Note. Class 606, Surgery, subclasses 27+, for heat applying surgical instruments, subclasses 32+, for heated surgical instruments which include cauterizers for cutting, sterilizing and coagulation of a wound. These instruments are structurally similar to those instruments found in this subclass and those listed in the search class notes of this subclass.

(3) Note. Class 132, Toilet, subclass 7 will take methods for cutting or singeing the hair on the scalp but this class will not take any instruments which are not specifically adapted for use on the head of a person. See subclass 9 for hair singers specifically adapted for use on a person"s head and subclass 118 for hair singers combined with combs.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

233+,

236+ or 260+, for similar hand held instruments which utilize a heated wire or other type of electrically heated tip to cauterize, mark, burn or ignite material, or to heat material for soldering purposes. Note the cauterizers in this class are similar to those found in Class 128.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

26,	Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclasses 3+ for cloth singers.
28,	Textiles: Manufacturing, subclasses 174 and 239 for singeing apparatus for warp and thread.
30,	Cutlery, see the (1) Note to this subclass and (4) Note under the class definitions of Class 30.
56,	Harvesters, subclass 229 for an electrically heated hot wire mower of crops.
83,	Cutting, particularly subclass 171 and other appropriate subclasses for electrically heated nonhand held machine type cutters of the hot wire type, which include those for making ice cubes and cutting plastics where there is no shaping or forming other than that caused by the cutting.
118,	Coating Apparatus, subclass 47 for means for burning off of coating ingredient.
128,	Surgery, see the (2) Note to this subclass.
132,	Toilet, see the (3) Note to this subclass.
452,	Butchering, subclass 73 for hot wire singers for hog or fowl.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 224]

224

Electrolytic:

This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter wherein there are hair heaters of the type which utilize an electrolyte which when placed in an appropriate electrical circuit will produce anions and cations, the movements of these anions and cations cause the heat which is used for hair heating and/or treating purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

271+,	for vaporizers with the specific use of the vapor other than heat transfer.
284+,	for liquid heaters which have the liquid to be heated in the electrical heating circuit.
360,	for convection type fluid heaters with ionizing or ozonizer means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

205,	Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for electrolysis, in general, which is employed for a purpose other than merely for heating.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 500+ for electrolytic devices (capacitors, rectifiers, active elements, e.g.), and systems therefor.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 225]

225

With heated clamp means (e.g., hand-held):

This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises clamping devices which encompass strands of hair usually wound on winding forms or mandrels.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are all patents to hand held scissors type electrically heated curling irons in which the claims or specification do not recite that the iron is used for curling human hair.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

524+,	for housing, casings, or supports comprising hinged or separable compartments with or without a plurality of heating unit means not restricted to any special use.
536+,	for housings, casings, or supports with significant heating unit mounting or attaching means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 400 for heat accumulator structures whose material composition is such that it may be utilized for hair heating clamps.
132,	Toilet, subclasses 32 , 34 and 37 wherein the art includes structure whereby the hair on the scalp is clamped between electrically heated members to form the wave, the hair on the scalp is clamped by a hand held jaw and wound about on the clamped jaw to form the wave, or the hair is wound on a form or mandrel, clamped and held in place by an electrically heated member.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 226]

226

With heated casing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter wherein the structure includes electrically heated casings which encompass strands of hair usually wound on winding forms or mandrels.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

460,	for heaters with means to adjust heating unit to shape of material heated.
524+,	for significant housing or casings which comprise hinged or separable compartments with or without a plurality of heating units not restricted to any special use.
534,	for rigid tubular housings or casings which include an electrical heating device.
535,	for casings or housings specially formed or adapted to fit the material to be heated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

132,	Toilet, subclasses 36+ for hair winding forms or mandrels with surrounding electrical heaters and heat protectors or tubes and wrappers.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 227]

227

Hand-manipulative:

This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter wherein the tool or instrument includes structure adapted to manually hold or manipulate the tool or instrument while in use.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are branding irons which have fixed characters or indicia but not those irons which can be used for other purposes. See subclasses 229+ for these irons. If the claim states the branding unit is in the form of letters or numerals, classification will be in Class 101, Printing, appropriate subclass.

(2) Note. Included in this subclass are tools to partially delaminate the plastic liner or multiple ply glass sheets.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

222+,	for hand held or manipulatable tools or instruments for heating, treating or curling the hair on the head of a person.
245+,	for hand manipulatable tools or instruments involving the use of pressure such as laundry irons.
346,	for transportable radiant type fluid heaters.
386+,	for portable heater containers with material support.
533,	for portable (with handle, e.g.,) heater structures in general.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

7,	Compound Tools, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous hand held compound tools which are not classified elsewhere.
15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, particularly subclass 160 for brushes which may be electrically heated.
16,	Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.), subclasses 110.1+ for handles in general.
26,	Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclass 6 for electrically heated singeing elements which may be hand held.
28,	Textiles: Manufacturing, subclasses 174 and 239 for electrically heated singers for preparing the warp or finishing thread which may be hand held.
30,	Cutlery, particularly subclasses 32+ and 140 for hand held tools electrically heated which include heated blade type razors, cutting shears and hole forming devices where no molding takes place in the forming of the hole.
69,	Leather Manufactures, particularly subclass 20 for hand held electrically heated wires or blades to remove hair from hides and tools for combing and glazing fur.
81,	Tools, for hand held and bench type electrically heated wire strippers and appropriate subclasses for nonheated hand held tools not specifically provided for elsewhere.
83,	Cutting, subclass 171 for a cutting tool which is heated.
101,	Printing, subclasses 3.1+ for hand held electrically heated instruments that burn, emboss, or penetrate the material to produce characters or designs and subclass 371 for mail cancelling stamps.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 220+ for heaters for tools and subclasses 401+ for a self-heated tool.
138,	Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclasses 33 and 35 for electric heaters which may be hand manipulable for thawing or preventing the freezing of fluid pipes.
156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, for methods and apparatus for making laminar material, particularly subclass 579 for hand manipulative devices having structure particularly adapted for bonding laminar material including plastic.
174,	Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, subclass 46 for handles in general relating to electrical conduits, cables, and conductors.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclasses 49+ for hand forks or shovels which may include electrically heated ice cream scoops or dippers.
401,	Coating Implements With Material Supply, subclasses 1+ for a hand-manipulated coating implement including means to heat the coating material (e.g., sealing wax appliers).
416,	Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclass 71 for hand manipulatable impellers which may be electrically heated.
425,	Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, subclass 12 for a hand manipulable tool including a shaping surface disclosed for product repair; subclasses 276+ for a shaping means of the ice cream scoop type; and subclasses 318+ for a hand manipulable shaping couple.
452,	Butchering, subclass 73 for fowl and hog singers which may be electrically heated and hand held or manipulated.
606,	Surgery, subclasses 32+ for electrical applicators which include hand held electrically heated needles for cutting and coagulation which are structurally similar to the corresponding instruments found in this subclass.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 228]

228

With heat distribution means (i.e., heat applied to extended area):

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein electrical heating means is contained within or on an extended housing, casing or support designed to form a hand manipulative tool or instrument for distributing heat over a substantial surface area.

(1) Note. This subclass includes, by way of example, means for heating a substantial area of a painted surface combined with a scraper for scraping off the heated paint.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

245+,	for hand held pressure application means such as laundry irons which heat a substantial surface area.
443.1+,	for an exposed horizontal planar support surface for material to be heated (e.g., hot plate, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses 235.4+ for mason"s trowels and floats and subclasses 236.01 for scrapers having a blade like edge used for cleaning and which trowels or scrapers may be electrically heated.
30,	Cutlery, subclass 140 for hand held electrically heated scrapers, and subclasses 169+ for hand held scrapers, per se. See (1) Note to this class relative to the combination of a surface heater and a paint scraper.
81,	Tools, subclass 3.5 for hand held or work-bench supported, electrically heated truncated mandrels for expanding spectacles frames.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 229]

229

With heated tip or other heat concentration means (i.e., heat applied to localized area):

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein the hand held tools or instruments have electrically heated tips rather than heated expansive areas forming the working area of the tool or instrument.

(1) Note. Class 113 will take soldering tips, per se, which are heated as a result of heat transfer from some heating means, including electrical, where the tip is not stated as being in an electrical circuit or a tip of the soldering gun type.

(2) Note. Hand held electrically heated burning in tools for filling in dents or scratches in furniture in general are placed here. However, Class 425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, subclass 12 provides for such tools which will fill or mold to a predetermined depth or dimension.

(3) Note. The subcombination of a tip and its heater of a tip-type hand held or manipulated tool or instrument is classified in the subclass containing the complete tool or instrument.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 140 for hand held electrically heated cutting knives including honey uncapping knives and other sharpened-edge type tools or instruments, including tire treading and detreading and scrapers for defrosting windshields.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 230]

230

With tip cooling, clamping, or lighting means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter wherein cooling, clamping or lighting means is combined with a hand held or manipulative tool or instrument.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are adjustable tips and solder and flux feeding means combined with a hand held soldering iron which include the tip, solder, and/or flux in an electrical circuit with the work.

(2) Note. The line between Class 113 and Class 219 for the combination of an electrically heated, hand held soldering iron with solder feeding is: Class 113 will take the combination of solder and/or flux feeding with a hand held soldering iron when the tip, solder and or flux fed is not part of an electric circuit completed through the work which latter combination is provided for in Class 219. See (1) Note above.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

120,	129 and 158+, for the cooling of electrodes used in bonding under pressure, arc heating, electrodes which are adjustable, and workpiece holders used with the electrical heating of metal.
220,	for a light combined with an electrically heated device which is not a hand tool or instrument.
421,	for an electrically heated container which holds meltable material, i.e., melting pot.
521,	for an electrical heating device combined with a housing, casing, or support which includes holding or support means for material to be heated.
531,	for the combination of a housing, casing or support and cooling means with an electrical heating device.
540,	for a significant heating unit with heat storage or transfer means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

228,	Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses 212+ for processes of soldering, brazing or welding employing clamps.
156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclasses 498 and 538+ for cooling of the work and means to clamp laminae in assembled relationship.
165,	Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses for the cooling of heated tools or instruments.
269,	Work Holders, appropriate subclasses for the generic class for structure to hold a workpiece.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 11+ and 146+ for temperature modifying devices and movable electrodes used with lamp or discharge devices respectively.
314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, subclass 134 for adjustable electrode supports.
362,	Illumination, subclass 92 for a portable combination of a device with an illuminator.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 231]

231

Convertible:

This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter wherein the tool or instrument is so constructed that the adjustment, addition, removal or reassembly of one or more parts to or of the tool or instrument, causes the iron to be capable of performing some other function.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

249,	below, for hand manipulable tools or instruments with pressure application means which are convertible to other forms or devices capable of performing a different function.
340,	for fluid heaters of the radiant type convertible to another heater or nonheating device.
361,	for convection heaters convertible to another type of heater or nonheating device.
416,	for deep well type heaters convertible to another type of heater.
452.13,	for an exposed horizontal planar support surface for material to be heated (e.g., hot plate, etc.) having a frame, casing or housing for a heating unit (e.g., range top, stove top, countertop, etc.) that is convertible.
472,	for devices for performing plural functions simultaneously (e.g., heating and illumination) or convertible to another type heater or noncoating device.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 232]

232

Internal arc-type heating unit:

This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter wherein the tool or instrument utilizes an electric arc for the source of heat for the tip of the tool or instrument.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121.11+,	particularly subclass 129 for arc type heaters where the arc is drawn between the metal to be heated and an electrode or the arc is contiguous to the metal rather than internally of a tool or instrument. See also subclasses 54, 60+ and 69+ where an arc heater is utilized in the heating, cutting, or disintegration of metals.
383+,	for electric arc heaters wherein the arc influences or passes through nonmetallic material to be heated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for space discharge devices, per se.
314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for arc lamp, per se, of the consumable electrode type.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses for systems for supplying electrical energy to discharge apparatus. See the Class 315 "Search Class" note to Class 219 for the line between Class 219 and Class 315.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 233]

233

Tip in electrical circuit:

This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter wherein the heated tip is in an electrical circuit and the tip itself or the tip and a highly resistive element part of the same circuit form the electrical heater of the tool or instrument.

(1) Note. Included herein is the subcombination of the hand held or manipulative tool or instrument which is the "gun" type tip, per se, with or without electrical terminals which is also the electrical heater of the tool or instrument.

(2) Note. The patents in this and the indented subclasses may use a granular, solid, loop or coiled wire type heater. Where the novelty resides in this type of heater, a search must be made in the appropriate subclasses of this class.

(3) Note. Cloth markers utilizing tip heaters which are part of the electrical circuit will be placed in this group of subclasses.

(4) Note. Included in this group of subclasses are needles, caponizers, cauterizing, coagulating, and cutting instruments of the same type found in the appropriate subclasses of Class 606, Surgery, subclasses 32+ for example.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

129+,

for electrodes which are in the circuit for soldering or brazing purposes but use an arc heater rather than resistance heating of the tip and/or some high resistance material in the tool or instrument itself.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 140 for hand held electrically heated wires used as cutters which go beyond mere heating of the material such as the forming of ice cubes from a block of ice, dairy products cutters, and hot wire type razors.
56,	Harvesters, subclass 229 for a hand held electrically heated hot wire mower.
83,	Cutting, for machine type cutters employing hot wire cutters and the cutting of plastic material where no molding or shaping takes place in addition to the cutting.
175,	Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 16 for hot wire cutting of natural ice formations.
606,	Surgery, see (4) Note to this subclass.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 234]

234

Work in circuit:

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Subject matter wherein the tip is composed of one or more electrodes which comprise the heater, per se, or the heater may be formed of one or more highly resistive elements contiguous to or adjacent the tip which heater completes its electrical circuit through means, usually the work, not part of the tool or instrument and its electrical circuitry to its power source.

(1) Note. If the claimed combination includes the solder or brazing material in addition to the hand tool or instrument the patent should be placed in subclass 230 and cross referenced in this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

137.2+,	for metal heating apparatus for producing a heating arc between the work and an electrode.
230,	for clamping means combined with a heated tip tool where the clamping means is not part of the heating circuit.
284+,	for heaters wherein the liquid heated is in the electrical circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

65,	Glass Manufacturing, subclass 40 and 135.6+ for processes of heating glass by passing an electric current therethrough; subclass 511 for means to heat a fiber or filament utilizing electric or electromagnetic heat.
81,	Tools, subclass 9.22 for an implement with electrical circuitry to simultaneously mark on and perforate the surface (e.g., pen, tattooing device).
148,	Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 520 , 525, and 565 for processes of significant heat treatment of metal to modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical property of metal wherein electrical heating is utilized. See the Class Definition of Class 148 to determine what constitutes significant heat treatment.
156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclass 275 for methods of surface bonding wherein the work constitutes a conductor in an electrical circuit.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclasses 120+ for furnaces wherein the charge may be in circuit.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 235]

235

With transformer secondary:

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Subject matter wherein the electrical circuitry includes a transformer whose secondary usually is in circuit with the tip.

(1) Note. Hand manipulative tools such as soldering brazing, burning, writing and surgical tools or instruments, which utilize inductive electrostatic or electromagnetic means to heat these tools, are excluded from subclasses 6.5+ of Class 219.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

234,	for the tip and work coupled to a transformer forming part of the power supply.
240,	for significant power supplies or voltage or current controls which may include a transformer in its circuitry.
618+,	for closed transformer secondaries with or without a high resistive element in the circuit forming a heat exchange arrangement with the material to be heated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclass 140 for heated cutting blades which could utilize a soldering "gun" type heating means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 236]

236

Coil or loop-type heating element:

This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter wherein the electrical heater of the hand held tool or instrument comprises a coiled or looped wire resistance heater.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are plural heating elements forming a heating unit which includes a switching arrangement to control the current to the heating unit or heating elements of diverse resistance characteristics and which automatically controls the current through the heating elements.

(2) Note. Included herein is the subcombination of a hand held electrically heated tool or instrument which includes the heating unit and the tip but not the heating unit, per se, or the tip, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

222+,	for hair treating, heating or curling instruments which are hand manipulatable and which utilize coil or loop type heating means in a similar manner.
254+,	for sole plate pressure application means which may use coil or loop type heating means.
520+,	for significant housing casing or support means, particularly subclass 530 for a heating unit which includes heat storage or transfer means.
538+,	for significant heating unit structure, particularly subclass 540 which includes heat storage or transfer means.
552+,	for heating elements, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

338,	Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for a resistor which is not stated as being an electrical heater.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 237]

237

Integral with tip:

This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein the tool or instrument comprises a subcombination of elements which comprise an integral heater and tip or a heater plus tip unit, significantly adapted for use with the tool or instrument.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

544,	for heating unit structure wherein the heating elements are embedded within or completely surrounded by a core, sheath, or support means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 238]

238

Detachable tip:

This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein means are provided for enabling the tip and the heater to be readily attached to or separated from each other.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

279,	Chucks or Sockets, for means for making a readily releasable connection between a holder and a body.
285,	Pipe Joints or Couplings, appropriate subclasses, for pipe joint type couplings in general.
403,	Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for joints and connections in general.

239	Threaded:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 238. Subject matter wherein the means for effecting the separation or attachment of the tip and heater unit comprises a threaded connection.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 240]

240

With power supply, voltage or current control, or connection and/or disconnection means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein the structure includes details of means to supply current to the electrical heating means of the tool or instrument, or voltage or current control means responsive to the condition within or externally of the tool or instrument, or connection and/or disconnection means in the electrical circuit of the heating means of the tool or instruments.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

108+,	for systems of current supply for resistance welding apparatus.
130.1+,	for systems of current supply for arc welding apparatus.
222+,	for systems utilizing hair treating, heating and/or curling which include power supplies, current or voltage control and connection and/or disconnection means.
250+,	for significant power supplies and voltage or current control means used with hand held sole plate type pressure application means.
482+,	for power supplies, voltage or current regulation or control means not associated with any particular type of electrically heated tool, instrument or device.
507+,	for significant current connection and/or disconnection means not associated with any particular type of electrically heated tool or instrument or device set forth in this class.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 51+ for the combination of a Class 439 quick make and break connector with or acting as a Class 200 circuit maker and breaker in an integral unit, subclasses 332.1+ for mechanical quick make and break switches including those mounted on handles.
218,	High-Voltage Switches With Arc Preventing or Extinguishing Devices, subclasses 1+ for arc preventing and extinguishing combined with switches.
307,	Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, appropriate subclasses for plural supply and/or plural load circuits for controlling the current or load circuits.
323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, appropriate subclasses for current or load regulation, transformer, impedance and phase control systems involving a single source of power and a solitary load device where no particular art devices are involved.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 139+ for electromagnetic device control circuit.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 241]

241

With thermal control means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Subject matter including thermally expansible bars, bimetallic elements, expansible fluids, thermomagnetic elements, thermocouples or other thermal devices which are responsive to the temperature of the tool or instrument to control the voltage or current to the electrical heating means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

251+,	for thermally responsive current control means for heaters used in sole plate type pressure application means.
494+,	for thermally responsible voltage or current regulation or control systems which are more complex or comprehensive than a thermally operated switch, per se.
510+,	for thermally responsive switches which include expansible solids, fluids and fusible elements.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for thermal current actuated or thermally responsive switches of the same type found in Class 219, subclasses 510+ but not in combination with an electric heating load.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 242]

242

Supports:

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter including support means for hand held electrically heated metallic tip type tools or instruments and which means are more than mere stands or brackets and which include electrical circuitry to transmit and/or control the electrical energy supplied to electrical heating means on the support and/or the tool or instrument and which support may include heat exchange means to the tool or instrument.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are electrically heated supports with or without current control for heating hand held or manipulative tools or instruments which include curling irons and clamps which do not have a self-contained heater and supports including electrical circuitry for transmitting power to self-contained heater type hand held or manipulative tools or instruments not otherwise provided for.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

246+,	for stands for hand held flatirons or the like with electrical circuitry.
259,	for supporting devices for electric flatirons, for example.
267,	for support for electrical igniters.
429+,	for electrically heated vessels and stands therefor.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

165,	Heat Exchange, subclasses 80.1+ for retainers for removable articles where a heat exchange is involved.
248,	Supports, appropriate subclasses for supports for hand held or manipulable tools or instruments where a stand or support does no more than support the tool or instrument. See particularly subclasses 51+ , 127+, 511+.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 243]

243

Combined with pressure application means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus including heating devices combined with pressure application means cooperating with the heating device in such a manner that pressure is applied to an object to be heated simultaneously with the heating operation and such apparatus not being provided for in another art class.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

8,	Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclasses 137+ for general laundry processes which may include ironing.
12,	Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 57.1 for shoe making machinery involving the upper part of the shoe where a seam is turned and the seam is pressed by any type of structure.
38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, for the generic class for devices and processes for producing a smooth appearance on a surface of a textile article or fabric, particularly subclasses 1+ for smoothing machines including platen pressers under subclasses 17+ and roller pressers under subclasses 44+, subclass 99 for stationary nonplanar pressing surfaces including electrically heated pressing irons, subclass 100 for smoothing implements consisting of a roller or rollers, subclasses 103+ for ironing tables including electric heaters and vaporizers, subclass 141 for miscellaneous devices necessary to ironing and subclass 144 for processes relating to the smoothing and ironing of fabrics not otherwise provided for.
53,	Package Making, appropriate subclasses for package making apparatus which may utilize physical pressure and electric heating simultaneously.
69,	Leather Manufacturers, particularly subclass 7 for seam pressing machines for leather goods, subclass 27 for fur smoothing and subclasses 37 to 48 which may include a surface to iron or smooth the leather goods.
72,	Metal Deforming, subclasses 200+ for a method or apparatus for heating or cooling metal in conjunction with deforming it between rollers.
100,	Presses, for the generic class for apparatus for subjecting material to compressive force by causing solid surfaces to approach one another while the material is between them, particularly subclasses 92+ for presses combined with heating, cooling or drying means.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, particularly subclasses 227+ for nonelectrical stoves or furnaces and attachments for the stoves or furnaces specially designed for heating of sadirons and subclass 230 for the heating of sadirons by nonelectrical stoves or furnaces using gaseous or liquid fuel.
131,	Tobacco, subclasses 315+ and 324+ for tobacco treatment including the smoothing of tobacco leaves by pressing with stemming and booking which could include heating of the leaves for the purpose of smoothing.
144,	Woodworking, subclasses 254+ for heating of wood and bending it to conform to a desired shape which may utilize electrically heated means.
156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclass 499 for separate nonpress heating means for work, subclass 579 for handle or hand grip heated tools for heat bonding laminar plastic sheet, subclass 580 for presses which include heated presses not of general application specific to the forming of laminar material.
223,	Apparel Apparatus, subclasses 35+ which includes combined sad and fluting irons and hand irons housing teeth intermeshing with a bed and subclasses 52+ for collar, cuff and neckband ironers.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 244]

244

Rotatable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter wherein the pressure application means comprises rotatable cylinder or other means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

388,	for the combination of an electrically heated container for enclosure with a conveyor which may be of the roller type to transport material through the enclosure.
469,	for the combination of an electrically heated roller whereby material may be heated while passing over or around the roller or roller means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 44+ for ironing machines including one or more rollers associated with heat for the purpose of pressing textile fabrics, subclass 76 for a roller pressing element combined with a hand held flatiron, and subclasses 100+ for hand held smoothing elements consisting of a roller or rollers for the purpose of ironing.
100,	Presses, for the generic class for apparatus for the subjecting of material to compressive force by causing solid surfaces to approach each other while the material is between them. subclasses 92+ includes the heating of material in addition to pressing the material and subclasses 155+ where rolls are used for the concurrent pressing and conveying of the material where the rolls may be heated.
156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclasses 583.1+ heated presses or press platens which could involve a heated roll for presses which are not of general utility or are combined with means to assemble or bring workpieces into association with each other.
241,	Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses 23 and 65+ for processes and apparatus which may include a heated roll or rolls.
492,	Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for, and see the notes thereunder.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 245]

245

Sole plate-type pressure application means (e.g., flatiron):

This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises pressure application means consisting of a manually held sole plate which generally includes hand held laundry irons.

(1) Note. Irons electrically heated by induction, electrostatics, radiation including infrared, the flow of anions and cations in a conducting medium such as impure water are classified herein.

(2) Note. Hand held irons of the electrostatic and electromagnetic type will be found herein (subclasses 245+) rather than in subclasses 6.5-10.73 supra.

(3) Note. The line between Class 38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing and Class 219 Electric Heating with regard to machine and hand held smoothing implements is: A claim including details of the pressure application means or smoothing surface with a detailed or in name only electrical heating means shall be classified in Class 38. A claim including a broad smoothing surface and a detailed electrical heating unit shall be classified in Class 219. A claim which includes a nondetailed heating unit and a nondetailed smoothing surface shall be classified in Class 38.

(4) Note. Claims dealing with safety features such as means to have the soleplate assume a raised position off the ironing surface when not in use, means to increase the ironing pressure of the soleplate, sole surfaces, travel irons and attachments for flatirons shall be classified in Class 38 rather than Class 219.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

227+,	for electrically heated hand manipulative tools or instruments where the heated surfaces do not involve pressure application in addition to heat transfer to the material being treated. See subclass 228 for heat applied to extensive areas by radiation, and subclasses 229+ for heat applied to localized areas.
443.1+,	for an exposed horizontal planar support surface for material to be heated (e.g., hot plate, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 74+ for hand held heated flatirons including electrically heated flatirons combined with structure for performing some other function in subclasses 75+, including a roller in the plane of the pressing surface, all electrically heated steam irons in subclasses 77.1+, subclass 82 for means including electricity for heating a flatiron internally, subclasses 88+ for structure relating to the general shape or form of materials which form the flatiron including heat insulation to hinder radiation of heat from the body of the iron, subclass 90 for handle structure of a flatiron, subclass 93 for the structure of the plate which forms the ironing surface, subclass 94 for attachments for flatirons not otherwise provided for and subclasses 100+ for smoothing implements consisting of a roller or rollers. See also (3) Note and (4) Note above for the line between Class 38 and Class 219.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 227+ for stoves or furnaces designed to be used alone or in connection with a flatiron structure and subclasses 411+ for a hand held flatiron that utilizes a liquid or gaseous fuel burner integral with the iron.
156,	Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclass 579 for hand held or manipulative electrically heated bonding tools or instruments which are specifically devices for use in the adhesive bonding of material.
223,	Apparel Apparatus, subclasses 21+ for machines and hand irons for making and ironing hats, subclasses 35+ for hand held fluting irons including combined sad and fluting irons, and subclasses 52+ for special ironers for collars, cuffs, neckbands and edge irons for those items which may be hand held and electrically heated.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 246]

246

Combined with stand:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including stand means combined with electrically heated irons of the soleplate type where the stand may or may not include electrical circuitry connecting an electrical power source, directly or indirectly, such as by induction, to the iron, or the stand has cam means including thermal means cooperating with electrical circuitry such as switches and disconnect devices in the heater circuit of the iron.

(1) Note. Included in the circuitry may be indicators, electrical switches and disconnect devices or any means which may control or convey directly or indirectly the electrical current to the iron from the power source.

(2) Note. The devices to be found here generally include means whereby the external electrical circuit terminates in the iron itself.

(3) Note. See subclass 259 for the same stands or supporting devices claimed alone rather than in combination with a hand held electrically heated iron.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

222+,	for the combination of a self-heated hair heating means combined with a support or stand which forms part of the electrical power supply to the heating means.
231,	for the combination of an electrically heated tip type hand tool or instrument with stands which are more than a mere support for a hand held tool and generally would include electrical circuitry in circuit with the iron.
242,	for supports or stands, per se, for hand held or manipulative tools or instruments which have integral electrical heaters or for hand manipulative or hand held tools or instruments which are heated by heat transfer on and from electrically heated stands.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclass 79 for supports which are formed integral with the flat irons, subclass 97 for a support for the flatiron in the form of an attachment, and subclass 107 for the combination of a flat iron with an ironing table.
223,	Apparel Apparatus, subclass 120 for supports, bases and stands claimed in connection with apparatus of this class.
248,	Supports, subclasses 51+ for supports for a pipe or cable which support a conductor chord or tube of an electrically or gas energized tool and hold the conductor chord or tube away from the work and subclasses 117.1+ for supports for a sadiron which include stands, clamps, or hold-down means.
312,	Supports: Cabinet Structure, for supports in the form of cabinets or enclosures, and particularly subclass 242 for such structures mounted in an aperture or recess in a wall, floor, ceiling or panel and subclass 245 for such structures having mounting means associated with a wall, ceiling, vertical panel, underside of a horizontal panel, or a pair of spaced vertical panels.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 247]

247

With complementary electrical connector means to external circuit terminating in stand:

This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter wherein the stand and iron each have contiguous complementary electrical circuit connections or the iron has a complementary contiguous electrical connector which connector forms a direct or contiguous complementary circuit connection with the electrical connection on the stand.

(1) Note. The devices found here include means whereby the external electrical circuit terminates in the stand rather than the iron itself as found in subclass 246 above.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

541,	for heater unit, per se, with terminal or connector.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, particularly subclasses 51+ for the combination of a Class 439 connection device and an electrical switch or disconnection device where the combination is an integral unit.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses especially 113, 187+ and 380 for thermal current or thermally actuated switches with a Class 439 connector coupling.
439,	Electrical Connectors, subclass 45 for quick make and break connections with plug ejecting or coupling separating means, subclass 147 for quick make and break connectors combined with other art devices where the combination is more than in name only, and sockets, receptacles and plugs, per se, in subclasses 176+.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 248]

248

With condition-responsive indicator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter and which includes electrical, audible, visual or mechanical type indicator means which is responsive to some internal condition of the iron.

(1) Note. A scale associated with an adjustable member to control the position at which a thermally actuated switch operator will operate its switch contacts or on-off, high-low switch position indicia is considered to be a setting position marker rather than a qualitative or quantitative indicator for this subclass.

(2) Note. A thermometer combined with the electrical heater to show the temperature of the iron is considered to be a perfecting feature of the iron rather than a separate art device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

109,	for a current supply indicator (e.g., a recorder, etc.) to a pressure bonding (e.g., resistance welding, etc.) metal heating (e.g., resistance heating, etc.) apparatus.
445.1,	for an exposed horizontal planar support surface for material to be heated (e.g., hot plate, etc.) with an indicator.
487,	for indicator means for a power supply, voltage or current regulation or control means for controlling or regulating plural separate distinct resistance elements selectively and/or alternately.
506,	for signal or indicating means for automatic power supply, voltage or current regulation or control means, for heating means in general under the class definition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

116,	Signals and Indicators, subclasses 200+ for nonelectric signals and indicators, particularly subclasses 327+ for pointers and indicator arms, and subclasses 101+ and 216+ for thermostatically operated signals or signals giving only a qualitative indication of temperature.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 56 for circuit controllers arranged to cooperate with a pointer of an indicating instrument or for a common operator for a pointer and the circuit controller.
236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, particularly subclass 94 for thermostatically controlled devices combined with temperature indicating means.
250,	Radiant Energy, subclasses 338.1+ for methods and apparatus including invisible energy responsive electric signalling devices for detecting and measuring infrared radiation.
324,	Electricity: Measuring and Testing, for measuring qualitatively and quantitatively electrical conditions and nonelectric properties in terms of electrical properties.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses especially subclasses 79 , 206, 241+, 265, 332, 376, and 417 for particular types of electrothermal and thermally actuated switches with condition indicating means.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 384.1+ for an audible signaling device, subclasses 577+ for flame condition responsive system, subclasses 584+ for a thermal condition responsive system, subclass 600 for radiant energy condition responsive system, subclasses 635+ for electrical apparatus condition responsive system, especially subclass 640 for a heater element condition responsive system, subclass 655 for a condition responsive system indicating heating circuit energization, or subclasses 815.4+ for visual indication systems.
374,	Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 141 for a nominally claimed iron combined with a thermometer.
439,	Electrical Connectors, subclass 113 for quick make and break connectors associated with means providing an indication of a condition, nature or position of an indicator.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 249]

249

Convertible:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including means by which the adjustment, addition, removal, or reassembly of one or more parts to or of the hand held, pressure application means causes the pressure application means to be capable of performing some other function other than heating and pressing.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

231,	for hand held, heated tip devices convertible to another structural arrangement to perform a different function.
340,	for radiant heaters convertible to a nonheating device or to a different type heater.
361,	for convection type fluid heaters convertible to another type heater or to a nonheater.
416,	for deep well heaters convertible to another type of heater.
452.13,	for an exposed horizontal planar support surface for material to be heated (e.g., hot plate, etc.) having a frame, casing, or housing for a heating unit (e.g., range top, stove top, countertop, etc.) that is convertible.
472+,	for electric heaters in general convertible to another type heater or to nonheaters.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 75+ for flatirons combined with other structures for performing some other function than ironing.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 250]

250

With power supply, voltage or current-control means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including detailed means either self-contained or external of the sole plate pressure application means whereby power is supplied to the electrical heating unit of the iron, means to effect voltage or current control, or current regulation means responsive to conditions within or externally of the iron.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

222+,	for power supplies and voltage or current control or regulation means which are utilized with hair treating or heating instruments or systems utilizing such instruments.
240,	for significant power supply voltage or current control or connections and/or disconnection means for hand manipulative tools or instruments.
482+,	for power supplies, voltage or current regulation or control means which include manual or automatic control for heating devices combined with enclosure, container or support.
507+,	for significant current connection and disconnection means combined with electrical heating devices in general.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 51+ for the combination of a Class 439 connector with a switch integrally formed, subclass 61.85 for switches associated with manipulating, operating or carrying handles, and subclasses 144+ for arc preventing and extinguishing means for circuit makers and breakers.
307,	Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclasses 112+ for switching systems not claimed with any particular art device and subclasses 149+ for miscellaneous systems including power packs and conversion systems.
320,	Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or Discharging, appropriate subclass for a method or apparatus to charge a battery used in a portable power system.
323,	Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, appropriate subclasses for current or voltage regulation systems including impedance systems when the regulation or control is not claimed with a specific art device.
327,	Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 530+ for miscellaneous circuits with specific source of supply or bias voltage.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 139+ for control circuits for relays and electromagnets when they are not claimed with any particular art device.
363,	Electric Power Conversion Systems, for systems involving the conversion of direct current to alternating current and/or alternating current to direct current.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 251]

251

Thermally responsive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Subject matter including at least one thermal operator with means for controlling a connection and/or disconnection means, or the voltage or current, in an electrical circuit to the heating unit or units of an iron.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

222+,	for electrical hair heating or treating instruments or systems utilizing these instruments which could utilize thermal control of the individual heaters or of the system.
241,	for thermal control means of electrically heated hand manipulative tools or instruments.
494+,	for a thermally controlled power supply, or voltage or current regulation or control means of electrical heating means in general where more than a thermal switch or disconnect device is utilized.
510+,	for thermally responsive current connection and/or disconnection means for electrical heating devices in general.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

116,	Signals and Indicators, subclasses 101+ and 216+ for qualitative thermostatically operated, mechanically actuated signals or indicators.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 56 for switches of special application and having indicating means and subclass 167 for indicators, per se.
236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, particularly subclass 7 for thermally motivated operators combined with pressure application surfaces of sadirons.
307,	Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclass 117 for thermally responsive electrical switching systems.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for thermally actuated switches adapted to control the connection or disconnection of an electrical circuit to the heating unit of an iron.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 161+ for relay operating circuits which are thermally responsive.
374,	Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 141 for a nominally claimed iron combined with a thermometer.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 252]

252

Adjustable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Subject matter including a thermal responsive means, usually a bimetallic device, having means whereby the predetermined temperature at which it operates may be adjusted or preset by an operator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

515,	for adjustable thermally responsive switches for controlling an electrical heating means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclass 77.7 for electrically heated hand held steam irons which generally have an adjustable thermal control for the heating element, and subclasses 82+ for hand held laundry irons which have claimed detailed sole plate structure and detailed or in name only electrical heating means combined with an adjustable thermally controlled switch to control the electrical heating means.
223,	Apparel Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for irons which may have adjustable, thermally controlled electrically heated units.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, subclass 141 for electrothermally actuated switches which may be adjustable and subclasses 298+ for thermally actuated switches with adjusting means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 253]

253

Comprising fusible metal, expansible liquid, or bar means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Subject matter wherein the thermal responsive means comprises a fusible solid, an expansible liquid, or expansible bar.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

512,	for current connection and/or disconnection means for electric heaters which have thermally responsive linear expansible metal operators for the connection and/or disconnection means.
513,	for current connection and/or disconnection means for electric heaters which have a thermally responsive expansible fluid operator for the connection and/or disconnection means.
517,	for current connection and/or disconnection means for electric heaters which are thermally responsive fusible links.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclasses 99+ and 101+ for thermally responsive solid or fluid elements which act as operators to perform some regulatory act.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for electrothermally or thermally actuated switches with actuating means comprising an expansible, liquid or bar or a fusible, combustible or explosive means.
374,	Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclasses 106 and 160 for measuring the temperature by means of fusible elements, subclasses 187+ for expanding solid type elements responsive to heat for measuring quantitatively the temperature, and subclasses 201+ for devices which measure the temperature as a function of the contraction or expansion of a confined fluid.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 254]

254

With heating unit structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including significant details of the heating unit structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

520+,	for an electrical heating unit structure in general combined with a significant housing, casing or support means.
538+,	for significant heating unit structure, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing and Smoothing, subclasses 82+ for means to heat the flatiron including electrical means, hot solid and fluid substances and solid fuels.
223,	Apparel Apparatus, subclasses 21 , 36 and 52.5+ for irons which may have detailed electrical heating units alone or combined with apparel making apparatus.
338,	Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for electrical resistors, per se.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 255]

255

Plural heating units:

This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Subject matter wherein the heating unit structure comprises at least two or more separate heating units. The separate units may be adapted to operate singly or simultaneously, either in series or parallel arrangement, by way of example.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

476+,	for plural heating devices, particularly subclass 478 for unitary housings, support or casing means and subclass 480 for selectively activated plural heating devices,
483+,	for the regulation or control of plural resistance elements including subclass 486 for selectively and/or alternatively activated plural resistance elements.
520+,	for significant housings, casings, or support means particularly subclass 537 for plural heating units combined with significant mounting means on a single support, housings or casing,
539,	for plural resistive elements forming significant heating unit structure and
552,	for heating elements having plural sections.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 256]

256

With electrical circuit completion or terminal structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including significant details of the terminal block, electrical connections within or on the hand held pressure application means, or connection and/or disconnection devices whereby the heating means may be electrically connected to or disconnected from an external source of power.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

240,	for hand held, heated tip type tools or instruments combined with connection and/or disconnection devices.
507,	for significant current connection and/or disconnection devices combined with electrical heating means in general.
541,	for heater unit, per se, with terminal or connector means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

174,	Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, particularly subclass 46 for handles which are associated with conductors or insulators of electricity, and subclasses 84+ for conductor joints which are not of the quick make and break type found in Class 439.
200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 51+ for a Class 439 connection and/or disconnection device with an integral Class 200 switch or a Class 439 connector acting as a switch, and the appropriate subclasses for the various types of switches including subclass 152 for liquid contact switches, subclass 332.2 for handgrip type switches, and subclass 520 for pushbutton switches.
307,	Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclasses 139+ for switching systems having means for actuating a switch.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 139+ for electrical circuits for relays and electromagnets.
439,	Electrical Connectors, subclasses 6+ for conducting joints for relatively movable conductor parts combined with a connector, subclass 58 for electrical tool or appliance handle mounted quick make and break connections, subclasses 75+ for locking means for coupled connectors, subclass 101 for flexible or pivoted guards or supports for the line cord or conductor combined with a quick make and break connection, subclasses 103+ for strain relieving means for a conductor attached to a terminal joint, subclass 108 for connectors combined with a detachable part or having a portion specifically shaped to facilitate the handling of the connector, subclasses 119+ for mounting or supporting means for a complete coupling or a coupling part, and subclasses 176+ for quick make and break sockets, receptacles, and plugs.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 257]

257

Automatically operated:

This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter including means whereby the completion or interruption of an electric current to an external source of current at the beginning or end of the use of the iron is accomplished automatically.

(1) Note. The term "automatic" is construed to include the operation of a switch in the circuit of the electrical heating means by a switch operator which is motivated by the grasping of the handle and the guiding of the soleplate type iron in the normal manner of using the iron.

(2) Note. The line between Class 200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers and this class is: where an electric iron is claimed by name only with no inclusion of a specific electric heater and just enough structure of the iron to support the switch, the patent shall be classified in Class 200, appropriate subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

250+,	for voltage or current control means for the iron responsive to variations in the voltage or current delivered to the heating means or thermal conditions of the iron which may involve connection and/or disconnection of the heater from a source while in use.
489,	for combined manual and automatic regulating or control means for the current to an electric heater in general.
490+,	for automatic control means of the voltage or current to an electrical heater in general.
509+,	for automatically operated switches for connecting and/or disconnecting electrical heating means in general from a power supply.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,

Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate subclasses for condition operated switch structures, particularly subclass 61.42 for a switch operator responsive to impingement against an object or motion of a feeler support, subclasses 61.45+ for switch closures responsive to the motion of or the change of inclination of an object including conducting fluid and tilt responsive switches, and subclass 61.85 for switches operable by the volitional use of guiding, lifting or actuating members used in the normal or intended manner.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 258]

258

With heat storage, exchange, or reflector means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including significant means whereby heat energy is stored for transmission at a later time, or is transmitted to a sole plate by conduction or reflection.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

347+,	for radiant type fluid heaters with reflector means.
405,	for oven type devices with heat energy directing or reflecting means.
461,	for planar type heaters with heat energy reflecting or directing means.
530,	for the combination of an electrical heating unit combined with housing, casing, or support structure in general and which includes means whereby heat energy is stored or is transmitted to a material or object to be heated. For a list of other electric heaters in this class provided with heat exchange or storage means consult "Search This Class, Subclass" under subclass 530.
540,	for the combination of an electric heating unit structure in general and significant heat transfer or storage means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

38,	Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclass 89 for structure to heat insulate the body of the iron to hinder the radiation of heat from the soleplate and storage means of the iron to the nonworking surfaces of the iron such as the handle.
165,	Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses for heating and cooling systems with the heat generator and heat transfer structure when claimed without the means forming the heat source.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 259]

259

Supporting devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including significant details of a stand or support apparatus which, while not comprising a complete iron, nevertheless is so specifically adapted for use with an iron as to be peculiar to the art classifiable in this class.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are structures which are more than mere stands or supports for hand held or manipulative sole plate type pressure application means and include electrical circuitry which includes electric switches, thermal and otherwise, disconnection devices of the Class 439 type and indicators alone or in combination, to connect the pressure application means to a suitable power source.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

242,	for supports for hand held heated tip instruments.
246+,	for sole plate pressure device combined with a stand.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 260]

260

Resistive element: igniter type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter relating to devices including electrical resistive means adapted, when heated to incandescence, to be brought into intimate contact with a material or object whereby the material or object is caused to be ignited, at least in part, or wholly consumed and which devices are not elsewhere classifiable.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

110,	Furnaces, subclass 250 for refuse burners which may employ electrical heating means.
122,	Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 2 for garbage burners.
221,	Article Dispensing, subclasses 143+ for dispensing means with electrical igniting means.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 247+ for igniters which utilize the electric spark; particularly subclasses 264+ for incandescent feature.
431,	Combustion, subclasses 258+ for an electrical igniter combined with a fuel burner.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 261]

261

With blower, suction, or other ignition facilitating means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Subject matter including means whereby a draft of air is circulated through or around the object or article to be ignited whereby ignition thereof is expedited or accelerated.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

296,	for liquid heaters with forced circulation means.
369,	for convection type fluid heaters with forced fluid circulating means.
380,	for fluid heaters with fluid impeller to control the fluid pressure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

221,	Article Dispensing, subclasses 144+ for dispensing devices having electrical igniter means combined with vacuum or draft producing means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 262]

262

With current control or external circuit connection or disconnection means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Subject matter including means whereby the current traversing the ignition unit of the device is controlled either automatically or at the will of an operator or whereby the ignition unit is connected to or disconnected from an external source of electricity.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

482+,	for power supply, current regulation or control means for heating devices in general under the class definition.
507+,	for heating devices in general with electric current connection and/or disconnection means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 263]

263

Automatic:

This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Subject matter wherein the current control or external circuit connecting or disconnecting means is automatically responsive to some predetermined condition of the igniter device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

490+,

for automatically actuated power supply, voltage or current regulation or control means, and subclasses 509+ for automatically actuated current connection or disconnection means for heating devices in general under the class definition.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 264]

264

Thermally responsive:

This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Subject matter wherein the current control or external circuit connection or disconnection means is thermally responsive to the condition of the ignition unit.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

494+,

and 510+, for thermally responsive current control or external circuit connection means for heaters in general under the class definition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

307,	Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclass 117 for thermally responsive switching systems.
337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for electrothermally and thermally actuated switches.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 161+ for thermally actuated relay circuits.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 265]

265

Bimetallic or other flexible means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter wherein the significant circuit connection means includes at least one or more bimetallic or other elements capable of flexing when heated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

337,	Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, subclasses 333+ for bimetallic and subclasses 382+ for longitudinally expansible solid actuated thermal switches.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 266]

266

Resilient means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Subject matter wherein the significant external electric circuit connection or disconnection means claimed comprises resilient spring material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

109,	for a current supply indicator (e.g., a recorder, etc.) to a pressure bonding (e.g., resistance welding, etc.) metal heating (e.g., resistance heating, etc.) apparatus.
445.1,	for an exposed horizontal planar support surface for material to be heated (e.g., hot plate, etc.) with an indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses 61.58+ for switches actuated concurrently with the operation or use of an art device, especially subclasses 61.76+ for spring actuated switches and subclasses 402+, for spring actuated snap switches.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 267]

267

With housing casing or support means for igniter unit:

This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Subject matter including significant details of the housing, casing or support device within or upon which the igniter unit is mounted. The structure to be found here will be generally restricted to the igniter plug or removable part of the device but may include details of the fixed receptacle which act to cooperate with features of the igniter in a manner to complete an electrical circuit, lock the two against displacement etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

270,	for structure of resistance igniter element, per se.
520+,	for significant housing or casing structure for heating devices in general under the class definition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

221,	Article Dispensing, subclasses 143+ for article dispensing devices combined with electrical igniter means.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 268]

268

With source of power or current:

This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Subject matter including significant details of means comprising a source of current or power for utilization in providing heating current in the resistive element heating means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

482+,

for power supplies for heating devices in general under the class definition.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 269]

269

With indicating means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Subject matter including means whereby some predetermined condition of the resistive element is communicated to the user by audible or other means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

248,	for electric irons with indicators.
487,	for selectively controlled plural resistance elements with indicator means.
506,	for power supply, current or voltage regulation or control means for heating devices in general under the class definition and having signal or indicating means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

200,	Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 167 for switches with indicators.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 384.1+ for an audible signaling device or subclass 640 for a heater element condition responsive system.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 270]

270

With igniter unit structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Subject matter including significant details of the resistance heating unit.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

267,	for the resistance heating structure associated with additional housing or support means.
538+,	for significant heating unit structure useful in heating devices in general under the class definition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

338,	Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for resistor element structure, per se.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 383]

383

Electric arc-type devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus including at least two spaced apart electrodes associated with a voltage generating means whereby when voltage is applied from the generating means to the electrodes an electrical discharge is established between the electrodes. The subject matter classified herein includes devices wherein the electrical discharge takes place directly through a nonmetallic material to be heated as well as apparatus where the electrical arc occurs through air or other gases with the material to be heated confined within the influence of the arc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

121.11+,	for miscellaneous heating of metal by an electrical arc produced between opposed electrodes or between an electrode and the metal.
232,	for hand held heated tip devices utilizing an internal arc heater unit.
234,	for hand held heated tip devices with tip and work in circuit.
284,	for liquid heaters with liquid in circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

250,	Radiant Energy, subclasses 542+ for electrical arc means specialized for carrying out chemical reactions wherein the electrical energy is more than a mere heating means.
313,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for the structure for electric space discharge devices designed to produce an electric arc.
314,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for electric space discharge devices, including arc discharge devices of the consumable electrode type and the circuits for supplying electric current thereto.
315,	Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, appropriate subclasses, for systems for supplying electric current to arc discharge devices.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclasses 61+ for furnaces in which a charge is heated by means of an electric arc produced between opposed electrodes.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 384]

384

With perforating or disintegrating means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Subject matter including means whereby a nonmetallic material is positioned between the electrodes of the device in such a position that, upon application of a voltage to the electrodes, the material within the influence of the electrodes is caused to be disintegrated thereby causing a permanent void or perforation therein.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

83,	Cutting, subclass 16 for processes utilizing means for heating material at a localized area such as a line of separation and subclass 170 for heat apparatus for heating the work.
283,	Printed Matter, subclasses 72+ for fraud prevention devices utilizing perforating or other material marking devices which are of the electric arc type.
346,	Recorders, particularly subclass 150.2 for phenomenal electric recorders in general wherein an electric arc penetrates the recording medium.
347,	Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information, subclasses 159+ for generic electric recorder wherein an electric arc penetrates the recording medium.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 596 for metallic stock material which has apertures that may be the result of a metal heating process.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 385]

385

Combined with container, enclosure, or support for material to be heated:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus including significant details of at least one heating device combined with a container, enclosure or support means for the material to be heated and wherein the combination claimed is not specifically provided for above or in another art class.

(1) Note. Class 219 is the generic class for electric heating. Class 373 is specific to the electric furnace structures or method for electrically melting or fusing refractory materials, usually granular in nature (ores, oxides, sulphides, etc.), the materials having a melting point of lead or above. Class 373 also provides for the electrically stirring of such high temperature melts. Class 373 also provides for electrical furnaces for melting or treating glass or silica (subclasses 27+) and for treating carbon (subclasses 109+). Subclasses 17 and 139 of Class 373 provides also for miscellaneous electric furnaces, such as the zone refining or melting type (e.g. semiconductor materials) and wherein electric furnace structure is claimed. See, also, the definition of Class 373 and the reference to Class 373 under Search Class in the class definitions of Class 219.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

520+,

for the structure of the heater unit and housing, casing and support therefor.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

34,	Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 201 for drying apparatus combined with kilns or containers.
99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclasses 324+ for cooking apparatus.
119,	Animal Husbandry, subclass 301 for brooders and incubators, subclasses 302+ for brooders, and subclasses 318+ for incubators utilizing electrical energy.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 33 for steam tables, subclass 55 for combined base and hot closet, subclass 224 for domestic refuse burners, and subclasses 273+ for ovens.
138,	Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclass 32 for tubular conduits with heater means.
310,	Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 341+ for crystal ovens.
366,	Agitating, subclasses 7 and 22 for process and apparatus of heated mortar mixing, and subclasses 144+ for heated mixers of general utility.
373,	Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, see (1) Note, above.
432,	Heating, subclasses 227+ for a residual heat generator with an associated work support or heat delivery structure.
607,	Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, subclasses 81+ for cabinets for enclosing the human body during application of heat.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 386]

386

Portable or mobile:

This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Subject matter including means whereby the special container may be lifted and carried bodily from place to place by hand or is provided with wheels or casters whereby it may be transported from one location to another.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

227,	for electrically heated hand tools or instruments.
346,	for transportable fluid heaters.
533,	for portable heater unit with housing, casing or support means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 11 for portable magazine stoves, subclass 268 for heated lunch wagon devices, and subclass 276 for wagon ovens.
206,	Special Receptacle or Package, appropriate subclasses for a container particularly configured to hold a specific article or material including an article(s) or material(s) put up as a mercantile unit.
600,	Surgery, subclass 22 for incubators.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 387]

387

Food conveying type (e.g., lunch box):

This subclass is indented under subclass 386. Subject matter wherein the significant container comprises a device specifically adapted for the heating or maintaining the temperature of foodstuffs such as a lunch box.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for containers specifically adapted for the treatment, cooking or storing of foods which may be and generally are portable.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 261+ for lunch heaters, particularly subclasses 262 and 266+.
296,	Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops, subclass 22 for lunch wagons.

[List of Patents for class 219 subclass 388]

388

With means whereby material to be heated may be passed continuously through heated area (e.g., conveyor):

This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Subject matter including means whereby material to be heated is continuously passed through a container or enclosure while being subjected to the effects of a heating device or devices, usually by means of conveyor means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

34,	Drying and Gas o