SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION
This is the residual class for electrical devices, circuits or
systems having an output not directly proportional to its input
and comprising at least one component which can provide gain or
can route electrical current and which device, circuit
or system does not form a complete system such as is classified
specifically elsewhere or a subcombination of utility only in such
elsewhere classified system.
| (1)
Note. The scope of patents classified herein can
be determined only by determining the scope of other related classes
which are listed below under SEARCH CLASS. Also, consult
search notes and definitions of these classes. |
| (2)
Note. Typical active components are solid-state
components, vacuum tubes, and gas filled tubes.
However, also included would be components broadly claimed
to have active properties, but which are not specifically
limited to a particular embodiment such as a vacuum tube.
MAIN SUBDIVISIONS OF THIS CLASS
A. Specific Signal Discriminating (e.g., Comparing
Or Selecting) Without Subsequent Control
Included here are circuits for the comparison, selection, or
distinguishing of specific characteristics of either an input signal
or signals without continuous regulation of such characteristic.
B. Signal Converting, Shaping, Or
Generating
Included here are circuits wherein: (a)
an inherent input signal parameter such as phase, frequency, amplitude
or current is modified, maintained at some value, or changed
to an entirely different parameter; (b) an
input signal having a particular waveform modified into an output
signal having a partially or a completely different waveform; or (c) an
output signal of specified waveform is produced.
C. Specific Input To Output Function
Included here are circuits wherein an output signal is proportional
to a mathematical expression involving an input signal or signals. |
| (1)
Note. Characteristically, the input signals are
continuous and slowly varying. |
| (2)
Note. Circuitry performing Boolean Algebra functions, per
se, are excluded from this class. See References
to Other Classes, below. |
| (3)
Note. The input signals of this subclass do not
contain information (data). For data processing
see References to Other Classes, below.
D. Gating (i.e., Switching
Input To Output)
Included here are electron tube or solid-state gating
circuits which distribute unmodified input signals to selected outputs.
E. External Effect
Included here are circuits, not elsewhere classified
responsive to or compensating for an ambient nonelectrical condition
such as heat or magnetism.
F. With Particular Control
Included here are circuits where current or power to a broadly
recited device is controlled in response to a control signal.
The control signal may be derived from an external source or from
a feedback structure responsive to the condition of the load. |
| (1)
Note. Where a specific load device is recited, classification
will be in the particular class providing for the specific load device.
G. Specific Identifiable Device, Circuit, Or System
Included here are circuits having a particular structure, arrangement, or
construction not classifiable elsewhere.
H. Miscellaneous
Included here are systems or circuits not provided for elsewhere. |
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
ACTIVE FILTERS
The filters proper for this class include at least one active
device utilized in producing the transfer function defining the
frequencies that will be passed.
A filter in combination with a specific load will be classified
in the class providing for the load. See References to
Other Classes, below for filtering of data within an electrical
digital calculating computer or analog computer.
The filters within the Specific Identifiable Device, Circuit, Or
System area (see above) are active filters that suppress
an unwanted input signal. See Noise Filters below for
additional noise filter areas within Class 327.
NOISE FILTERS
Limiting, clipping, or clamping circuits
which achieve transient or signal noise reduction by filtering or
otherwise are classified in this class.
Compensation for a noise signal which is a by-product
of switching thereof is found in this class.
Miscellaneous unwanted signal suppression is classified in
this class.
See Subclass References to the Current Class below for these
art areas.
PHASE LOCK LOOP
A nonlinear phase lock loop circuit, per se, is
classified in Class 327. A phase lock loop circuit in
combination with a special art device, is classified with
the special art device. For example, a phase
lock loop claimed in combination with an oscillator is classified
in Class 331, subclasses 172+, a phase
lock loop in combination with a telecommunication system is classified
in Class 455, and a phase lock loop in combination with
a pulse or digital communication system is classified in Class 375, subclasses
111+.
See Subclass References to the Current Class below for a phase
lock loop to synchronize one signal with another for the creation
of a replica signal.
DIGITAL LOGIC
Digital logic, per se, is classified in
Class 326 and this includes, for example, multiple
connections of AND, OR, or NOT gates.
However, combinations of multiple AND or OR gates, etc., which
perform a particular function proper to some other class are classified
in that other class. For example, an AND gate
claimed to be used as a comparator, for example, will
be classified in Class 327, whereas a claimed AND gate, per
se, would be classified in Class 326.
MULTIVIBRATOR
Patents reciting a free running astable multivibrator, per se, are
classified elsewhere. For example, see References
to Other Classes for a relaxation oscillator multivibrator.
Multivibrators having one or more stable states are classified
in Class 327. See Subclass References to the current Class.
Generally, detailed flip-flops, per
se, are in this class, subclasses 185+; however, multifunctional
or programmable logic having a flip-flop is in Class 326, subclasses 37+ and
redundant logic having a flip-flop is in Class 326, subclass
12.
INTEGRATED STRUCTURE
An integrated circuit chip, per se, is classified
in Class 257.
Lead frames, per se, are classified in Class
257 since these are only used to connect an integrated circuit chip externally.
An integrated circuit chip in combination with a single lead, a
battery or bias without any additional circuit configuration, is
classified in Class 257.
An integrated circuit chip in combination with an external
circuit proper for Class 327 will be classified in Class 327 since
Class 327 is higher than Class 257 in the overall class hierarchy.
Circuit interconnections (e.g., point
to point, lead interconnections, diode and transistor
interconnections, etc.) within the confines
of the integrated circuit chip itself are classified in Class 257, whereas
circuit interconnections outside the environment of an integrated
circuit chip are not.
If an integrated circuit is recited with other than a nominal
recitation of a utility, the patent will be classified
in the utility class.
CHARGE COUPLED DEVICES
CCD"s recited as part of the circuitry within an integrated
circuit chip are classified in Class 257.
CCD"s recited with other than a nominal recitation of utility
are classified in the utility class. See References to
Other Classes, below.
POWER SUPPLIES
Power supplies in combination with another art device, classifiable
elsewhere, will be found with the other art device.
Tubes or solid-state device power supplies for a nonlinear
device, circuit, or system, not elsewhere
classified, will remain in this class (327).
A power supply in combination with a load, (i.e., a
single power supply and a single load) without any claim
to a substrate circuit is classified elsewhere. See References
to Other Classes, below.
The power supply patents of this class, subclasses
530+ require a nonlinear device, circuit, or
system as a load or control for the power supply. A claim
to a power supply circuit in combination with a substrate containing
a nonlinear device, circuit, or system is classified
in Class 327.
SYSTEMS WITH SPECIFIC SOURCE OF INPUT ENERGY ONLY IDENTIFIED
BY CHARACTERISTIC
This class does not provide for the subject matter included
herein in combination with a specific type of electromagnetic wave
energy since the broad recitation of the specific source would be
classifiable with the art containing that particular source of energy.
However, this class will take the systems and networks
of the class in combination with a source of wave energy wherein the
energy is expressed only as being composed of a band of frequencies
or a source of pulses, etc., or wherein
the source is recited by name only as a wave energy generator (such
as an oscillator, pulse generator, etc.).
Where the specific details of the source are recited such systems
are classified with the art which provides for systems utilizing
such specific source.
MECHANICAL STRUCTURE
Claims to a specific mechanical structure in combination with
generic circuitry are classified with the mechanical structure.
However, claims to broad mechanical structure in combination
with specific circuitry is classified in this class unless provided
for in a mechanical or electrical class and provided the circuitry is
nonlinear.
MEMORY CIRCUIT
A generic nonlinear circuit claimed with a memory inside the
circuit is classified in this class (327), whereas a
claim to generic circuitry in combination with a memory external
to the circuit would be classified with the memory class.
MONITORING, TEST OR CALIBRATING
The following areas reciting monitoring, testing
or calibrating take precedence over Class 327:
Class 73, subclasses 1.01+ for
instrument proving or calibrating; and subclass 865.9
for testing of apparatus.
Class 324, subclass 601 for calibration, and
subclasses 74+ for testing and calibrating of electric
meters.
Class 342, subclasses 165+ for testing or
calibrating a radar system.
Class 348, subclasses 180+ for television
monitoring or testing.
Class 358, subclass 406 for facsimile measuring or
testing.
Class 374, subclasses 1+ for thermal measuring
and testing.
Class 455, subclass 115 for measuring, testing
or monitoring of a transmitter and subclass 226 for measuring, testing, or
monitoring of a receiver. Only monitoring, testing, or
calibrating, not elsewhere classified, and related
to nonlinear devices, circuits and systems are classified
in Class 327. The following are examples of those found
in Class 327: subclasses 20, 262, 292, 378, 509, and
538.
Class 600, subclass 486 for testing means inserted
in the human body.
Class 702, appropriate subclasses for testing and
measuring which includes a computation.
FUNCTION
Only those nonlinear circuits or systems whose function is
not specifically provided for elsewhere would be classified in this
class (327) subclasses 334+.
SWITCHING
See References to Other Classes, below for examples
of other areas for switching;
CIRCUITS WITH ELECTRON OR OTHER CHARGED PARTICLE BEAM TUBE
Only those nonlinear circuits utilizing electron or other charged
particle beams that are not classifiable in other areas would be
classified in Class 327.
Examples of electron or other charged particle beam tube circuits
classified elsewhere are the cyclotron and CRT circuits of Class
313.
MODULATION OR COMMUNICATION
Nonlinear circuits used in combination with a modulated signal
are classified in the classes containing the communication of information
via a modulated signal.
ELECTRICAL CONTROL OF MACHINES
Electrical control with a broad machine is classified with
the machine, if a class exists for the machine.
Only those electrical control patents, not provided for
in the machine classes, would be classified in Class 327, provided
the circuit is nonlinear.
NEURON CIRCUITS OR NETWORKS
Patents reciting neuron simulator circuitry, per
se, and neural networks are classified elsewhere. See
References to Other Classes below.
FUSIBLE LINK AND INTENTIONAL DESTRUCT CIRCUIT
Miscellaneous circuits of this type are classified in this class (327) subclass
525.
OSCILLATORS
Free running oscillators (including the asynchronous type) are
classified elsewhere. See References to Other Classes
below.
PERSONNEL OR DEVICE PROTECTIVE CIRCUITS
Circuits used to protect personnel from harm, or
protect devices from failure (e.g., overload, power
surge) are excluded from this class. See References
to Other Classes below.
SYSTEMS WITH SPECIFIC LOADS IN THE OUTPUT CIRCUIT
This class does not provide for the subject matter in combination
with a specific load device even though the load device is recited
by name only (as a motor, loud-speaker, etc.).
Such systems are classified in general with the particular art device
constituting the load.
AMPLIFIERS
This class does not include electronic circuits, per
se, wherein a variable electric current or voltage input
signal is applied to an electrical amplifying device to control
a source of electrical energy applied to the same device, and
from which is derived an output signal of substantially the same
waveform as the input signal and substantially linearly related
thereto.
LINEAR DEVICE, CIRCUITS OR SYSTEMS
This class excludes linear resistors, reactive apparatus and
insulators, per se. Although the claimed solid-state device
may be active or passive and have some insulative or reactive properties, it
cannot be classified in this class if the device is generally thought
of as being only an insulator or reactive apparatus such as a capacitor, inductor, transformer, motor, etc.
COUNTERS
See References to Other Classes for electrical pulse counters, pulse
dividers, or shift registers.
PASSIVE FILTERS
See References to Other Classes for filters utilizing lumped
or distributed parameter passive elements.
SPECIAL ART DEVICES
Special art devices are to be classified with the specified device.
GAS TUBE
Circuitry utilizing gas tubes not elsewhere provided for are
included here. See, Subclass References To The Current
Class, below, for an example.
SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147+, | 156+ provide for a phase lock loop to synchronize
one signal with another for the creation of a replica signal. |
185+, | for multivibrators having one or more stable states. |
310+, | for limiting, clipping, or clamping
circuits which achieve transient or signal noise reduction by filtering
or otherwise. (See "Noise Filters" above) |
379+, | for compensation for a noise signal which
is a by-product of switching thereof. (See "Noise Filters" above) |
551+, | for miscellaneous unwanted signal suppression. (See "Noise
Filters" above). |
601+, | for circuitry utilizing gas tubes (see "Gas Tube" above) |
SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for systems and apparatus for making
a measurement or test not provided for in other classes, particularly
subclasses 1.01+ for instrument proving or calibrating, and
subclass 865.9 for testing of apparatus. |
84, | Music,
subclasses 600+ for electrical musical tone generation using transistors
or space discharge devices. |
136, | Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric, appropriate subclasses. |
148, | Metal Treatment,
subclasses 33+ for barrier layer stock material. |
174, | Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, appropriate subclasses for the physical structure
of conductors. |
178, | Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for telegraph apparatus and systems, particularly
subclass 43 for space induction systems, and subclasses
66.1+ for alternating or pulsating current telegraph
systems. |
191, | Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, appropriate subclasses. |
200, | Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate subclasses for electric switches and circuit
breakers and for electrical and mechanical switches. |
204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses for apparatus for producing
chemical changes through the agency of electrical wave energy. |
219, | Electric Heating,
subclasses 600 through 780for induction, electro-static
or electro-magnetic heating systems and subclass 114 for
welding circuits with space discharge tube control. |
246, | Railway Switches and Signals, appropriate subclass for electric circuits utilized
in railway switches and signals. |
250, | Radiant Energy, appropriate subclasses for the detection of nuclear
or electromagnetic radiant energy, the testing of material
by nuclear or electromagnetic radiant energy, the irradiation of
material by nuclear or electromagnetic radiant energy, electron
energy analysis, the deflection or focussing of an ion
or electron beam, and the generation of control of nuclear
or electromagnetic radiant energy. |
252, | Compositions,
subclasses 62.3+ for barrier layer compositions and subclasses 500+ for other
semiconductor compositions. |
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for particular nonlinear
solid-state devices, per se, also for
an integrated circuit chip, per se, and for lead
frames, per se, since these are only used to
connect an integrated circuit chip externally. An integrated
circuit chip in combination with a single lead, a battery
or bias without any additional circuit configuration is classified
in Class 257. |
290, | Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, appropriate subclass for electric circuits utilized
in prime mover dynamo plants. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, appropriate subclasses for circuits providing electrical
transmission or interconnection such as those having plural energy sources
or plural loads and class appropriate switching systems, wave
form determinative networks, and circuits responsive to
external effects such as temperature or magnetism. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 326+ for circuits used to protect personnel from harm, or
protect devices from failure (e.g., overload, power
surge). (See "Personnel Or
Device Protective Circuits" above) |
310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate subclasses for the physical structure of electric
generators and motors and electromagnetic clutches and for the circuits
that relate to electromagnetic clutches, and particularly
subclasses 314+ for piezoelectric devices in combination with tube
structure where the significant structure claimed is that of the
crystal, and the tube structure or circuitry is only incidentally
claimed. |
313, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for the physical structure
of electronic lamp and discharge devices, per se. |
314, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Consumable Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for electric lamp and discharge
devices of the arc discharge type which may be combined with an electron
space discharge tube. |
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Systems, appropriate subclasses for circuits in combination with
charged particle beam tubes, cathode-ray tubes
or electric lamp and space discharge devices, particularly
subclasses 8.51+ for pulse storage systems utilizing cathode-ray
tubes, and subclasses 84.51+ for pulse storing
systems comprised exclusively of gaseous discharge tubes. |
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclasses 400.1 through 400.42for synchronous motor commutation control systems. |
320, | Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging
or Discharging, appropriate subclass for a battery or capacitor
charging or discharging application that employs a space-discharge
device. |
322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclasses 72+ for electron space discharge tube systems for controlling
a single generator. |
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems, appropriate subclasses for circuits utilized in
power voltage magnitude and phase control systems. |
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems, for a power supply in combination with a load, (i.e., a
single power supply and a single load) without any claim
to a substrate circuit (See "Power Supplies" above). |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for circuits utilized in
electrical measuring, testing, and sensing systems. |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, appropriate subclasses for combinational or sequential logic, per
se. |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, for circuitry for performing Boolean Algebra functions, per se. (See
Class Definition, "Specific Input To Output Function" above) |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, for a logical function (see "Charge
Coupled Devices" above) |
327, | Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and
Systems, for delay (see "Charge Coupled
Devices" above) |
329, | Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for circuits extracting information
from a carrier. |
330, | Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for electron space discharge tube
apparatus combined with circuitry to form an amplifier system and
subclasses 250+ for semiconductor amplifiers. |
331, | Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for electron space discharge tube
or solid-state apparatus combined with tuned circuit apparatus
forming an oscillatory system of the self-sustaining type, an
asynchronous oscillator, per se, or in combination
with other circuitry or an oscillator combined with a phase lock
loop without any intelligence claimed;
subclasses 8+ for transistorized automatic frequency control
for oscillators; and subclasses 108+ for solid-state oscillators. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 144 for a relaxation oscillator multivibrators. |
331, | Oscillators, for free running oscillators (including
the asynchronous type). (See "Oscillators," above) |
332, | Modulators, appropriate subclasses for circuitry which superimposes
information on a carrier. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 19 for passive element wave differentiating or integrating
systems, subclasses 24+ for passive filters, and
subclass 20 for wave shaping networks of the passive element type;
subclasses 167+, 186+, and 202+ for
filters utilizing lumped or distributed parameter passive elements. |
334, | Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuning circuitry. |
335, | Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and
Electromagnets, appropriate subclasses for magnetically operated
switches and circuit breakers. |
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for passive inductive devices. |
337, | Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated
Switches, appropriate subclasses for thermal switches, per
se. |
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 12.1 through 12.55for pulse responsive selective systems, particularly
subclass 12.2 for pulse responsive counting chains which
may employ an electron space discharge device; subclass 15.1
for electron beam-type selective or remote control systems; subclass
146.2 for digital comparator systems; and subclasses
870.01-870.44 for telemetering systems. (Also
see "Charge Coupled Devices" above.) |
341, | Coded Data Generation or Conversion,
subclasses 50+ for code converters and subclasses 20+, 186, and
191 for a pulse transmitter or generator having a space discharge
device. |
342, | Communications: Directive Radio Wave
Systems and Devices (e.g., radar, Radio
Navigation), appropriate subclasses for systems for object detection
and utilizing pulse radio wave forms and
subclass 165 for testing or calibrating a radar system. |
343, | Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, appropriate subclasses for antennas, per
se. |
348, | Television, (see "Charge Coupled Devices" above). |
348, | Television,
subclasses 180+ for television monitoring or testing. |
352, | Optics: Motion Pictures,
subclasses 1+ for sound accompanied motion pictures including active
electronic devices. |
356, | Optics: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 3+ for systems using light for distance finding and subclasses
26+ for light systems for the determination of velocity. |
358, | Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing,
subclass 406 for facsimile measuring or testing. |
359, | Optics: Systems (Including
Communication) and Elements, appropriate subclasses for optical components. |
360, | Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval, appropriate subclasses. |
361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and
Devices,
subclasses 1+ for safety and protection of systems and devices, subclasses
100+ for current fault sensor with semiconductor circuit
interrupter, subclasses 139+ for control circuits
for electromagnetic devices, and subclasses 196+ for
control circuits for electromagnetic devices with time delay including
a semiconductor device. |
361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 1+ for circuits used to protect personnel from harm, or
protect devices from failure (e.g., overload, power
surge). (See "Personnel Or
Device Protective Circuits" above) |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems, appropriate subclasses for circuits utilized in electric conversion
systems where a single electrical source is connected to a single
electrical load and particularly
subclasses 94 , 99, 111+, 151, and
166 for systems whereby a current or voltage of one characteristic
is converted to a current or voltage of another characteristic and utilizing
electron space discharge devices. |
365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval,
subclasses 73+ for recirculation of information in a storage
read/write system, subclass 78 for plural shift
register memory devices, subclasses 80+ for magnetic
shift register, per se, subclasses 129+ for
storage systems using a particular storage element, subclass
189.011 for read/write circuits peculiar to
a storage and retrieval system, and subclasses 230.01+ for
addressing circuits peculiar to a storage and retrieval system. (Also
see "Charge Coupled Devices" above). |
367, | Communications, Electrical:
Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices, appropriate subclasses. |
369, | Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, appropriate subclasses. |
370, | Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for multiplexing systems. |
373, | Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces,
subclasses 70 , 102+, 135+, and
147 for electric furnaces having significant electrical circuits. |
374, | Thermal Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 1+ for thermal calibration. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclasses 106+ for digital communication synchronization. |
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift
Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for electrical pulse counters, dividers, and
shift registers and particularly
subclasses 57+ for charge coupled devices used as a counter, pulse
divider, or shift register. (Also see "Charge
Coupled Devices" above) |
378, | X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,
subclasses 91+ for circuits combined with X-ray
devices. |
379, | Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses, for telephone systems. |
380, | Cryptography, appropriate subclasses for cryptographic circuitry. |
381, | Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and
Devices,
subclasses 94.1+ for noise suppressing audio circuitry and subclass
111 for circuitry combined with a specific type of microphone or
loudspeaker. |
382, | Image Analysis, appropriate subclasses. |
388, | Electricity: Motor Control Systems, art collection 913 for motor control systems including space
discharge devices. |
396, | Photography, appropriate subclasses for apparatus producing pictures
on light sensitive material which may utilize electronic devices. (Also
see "Charge Coupled Devices" above). |
427, | Coating Processes,
subclasses 58+ for coating processes wherein an electrical product
is produced. |
428, | Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 620 for semiconductor stock material. |
438, | Semiconductor Device Manufacturing:
Process, for methods of making semiconductor electrical devices; see
the search notes thereunder. |
445, | Electric Lamp or Space Discharge Component or
Device Manufacturing, appropriate subclasses for circuits utilized in
the manufacture or repair of electric lamp or electric space discharge
devices. |
455, | Telecommunications, appropriate subclasses for telecommunication systems
and subsystems. |
600, | Surgery,
subclasses 300+ for diagnostic apparatus utilizing transistors
or tubes. |
702, | Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing, appropriate subclasses for testing and measuring
which includes significant data processing. |
706, | Data Processing: Intelligent Processing
Systems and Methods,
subclasses 15+ for neural circuits and networks. (See "Neuron
Circuits Or Networks" above). |
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and
Calculating,
subclasses 300+ for digital filters unique to digital computing ,
subclass 540 for the performance of arithmetic operations by a CRT,
subclass 819 for analog filters which are unique to analog computing, and
subclass 849 for analog function generation which utilizes a CRT. (See
"Active Filters", above.) |
714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault
Detection/Recovery, appropriate subclasses. |
SUBCLASSES
1 | SPECIFIC SIGNAL DISCRIMINATING (E.G., COMPARING, SELECTING,
ETC.) WITHOUT SUBSEQUENT CONTROL: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein an output signal is derived from
one or more input signals by comparing, selecting, or distinguishing
a particular input signal parameter and which parameter is not continuously
thereafter regulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
100+, | for signal converting, shaping, or generating which
may include control of the type of signal parameters found herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, | Radiant Energy,
subclass 250 for wave meters, subclasses 281+ for systems
adapted for ionic separation or analysis and comprising phase or
frequency determining devices. |
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclass 683 for electric motor position servomechanisms involving phase
comparison devices. |
322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclass 32 for automatic frequency control for generator systems. |
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 212+ for automatic phase control systems restricted
to power circuits. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 76.39+ for frequency measuring or testing of electricity
and subclasses 76.77+ for phase comparison systems for
measuring or testing electricity and involving plural inputs. |
329, | Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators of signals which
have been modulated by an intelligence signal. |
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 3.1 through 3.9,315, and 870.18-870.24 for electrical circuits whereby
an indication or signal is transmitted to a distant point and which
signal is indicative of an electrical condition which may comprise phase
or frequency difference; and subclass 146.2 for digital comparator systems. |
361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 236+ for speed-controlled systems involving phase or frequency
determining devices. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclasses 106+ for synchronization in digital communications. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 130+ for a telecommunication receiver. |
714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery, appropriate subclasses for error detection or correction
of information content of a digital signal. |
|
| |
2 | By phase: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the discriminated input signal parameter
is that fractional part of a periodic waveform which has elapsed
relative to a fixed origin.
| (1)
Note. If the time for one signal period is represented as
360 degrees along a time axis, the phase position is called the phase
angle. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39+, | for frequency comparison circuits. |
231+, | for phase correction or control. |
261+, | for output waveform production delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, | Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System,
subclasses 91+ for speed-controlled vehicle systems. |
329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 345+ for phase angle demodulation in which a intelligence
signal is extracted. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 1+ for systems for stabilizing the frequency of an
oscillator utilizing phase or frequency comparison devices, and
subclasses 37+ for systems wherein two or more frequencies
are combined to produce a beat frequency. |
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 144+ for systems wherein the phase of a carrier wave
is modulated by an arbitrarily varying quantity. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 214+ , for frequency or phase modulation with particular
discrimination or detection. |
|
| |
3 | Comparison between plural inputs (e.g., phase angle indication,
lead-lag discriminator, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the output signal is indicative of
the phase positioning or phase differences among two or more input
signals.
| (1)
Note. Detectors producing an output which is a result of
demodulation of a carrier having previously been modulated by an
intelligence waveform which varies arbitrarily will not be classified here.
See SEARCH CLASS below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40+, | for comparison between plural input frequencies. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 345+ for circuits producing an output which is a result
of demodulation of a carrier having previously been phase modulated
by an intelligence waveform. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems, appropriate subclasses for phase conversion circuits
with phase angle sensing. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 130+ for mixers or converters utilized in a superheterodyne
receiver (commonly referred to as a first detector). |
|
| |
4 | With transducer: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein a device is included that converts
energy forms other than electrical into electrical energy.
| (1)
Note. The other energy forms may be mechanical, thermal,
hydraulic, or chemical, etc. | |
| |
6 | With electron space discharge: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter including a vacuum tube device or a gaseous
medium within a gas tight envelope in which electron conduction
takes place through the vacuum or gas. |
| |
7 | With reference signal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein a signal of fixed phase acts as a
constant for comparison to a variable input.
| (1)
Note. The reference signal is usually an input signal or
produced from an input signal. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42, | for frequency comparison between a fixed reference
frequency and a variable input. |
|
| |
8 | With varying frequency: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter wherein the reference signal varies over
a range of different frequencies or the reference signal is compared
to different frequency signals. |
| |
9 | With sampling: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter wherein a reference signal is derived by
representation of an input signal at intermittently timed intervals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91+, | for details of sampling or holding in general. |
|
| |
10 | Uniform pulse waveform: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter wherein the reference signal is a series
of pulses evenly spaced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42, | for a frequency comparison between a fixed reference
frequency and a variable input. |
|
| |
11 | With transformer: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter wherein an electromagnetic induction device
transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another adjacent
circuit at a constant frequency.
| (1)
Note. A transformer changes voltage in direct proportion
to the ratio of the number of turns of its primary and secondary windings. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for transformer details. |
|
| |
12 | With logic or bistable circuit: |
| Subject matter under 3 wherein the phase comparison (a)
includes a device performing Boolean functions such as AND, OR,
or exclusive-OR or (b) utilizes a device having two stable states.
| (1)
Note. The combination of logic with specific phase comparison
circuitry or function, not elsewhere classified is classified here. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185+, | for particular stable state circuits including bistable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for clocking or synchronizing of one or more logic
stages and appropriate subclasses for general digital logic circuitry
not classified elsewhere. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 1 for automatic frequency control synchronization with
logic elements. |
|
| |
13 | By shape: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein input signal discriminating is based
upon a predetermined geometric configuration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134, | for sawtooth or triangular wave producing systems
with slope or duration control. |
172+, | for pulse signal shaping with duration or width
control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, | Television,
subclasses 525+ for sync separating systems which may depend upon
differences in the slope or shape of the input pulses. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 296+ for static or noise elimination in radio receivers
which may depend upon the slope or shape of the pulse present in
the input signal applied to the receiver. |
|
| |
14 | Slope: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the predetermined geometric configuration
is signal rate of change.
| (1)
Note. The rate of change may be determined by digital means
(such as counters) or analog means (such as slope detection using
a charging capacitor). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134, | for sawtooth or triangular waveform generation with
slope control. |
170, | for slope control of a pulse or clock waveform. |
261+, | for output waveform production delay. |
335, | for the miscellaneous determination of the derivative
of an input signal. |
|
| |
17 | With reference signal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein a signal of predetermined shape acts
as a constant for comparison to a variable input. |
| |
18 | By presence or absence pulse detection: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein an output signal is indicative of
an unexpected occurrence or lack of occurrence of a pulse in either
a clocking signal or a predetermined sequence of pulses. |
| |
19 | Arbitration: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter wherein a particular pulse among plural pulses
input during a particular time interval is selected based upon a
predetermined priority arrangement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3+, | for phase discrimination. |
|
| |
22 | By pulse noncoincidence: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein an output signal is produced when
two or more input pulses are not received simultaneously. |
| |
23 | By pulse coincidence: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein an output signal is produced when
two or more input pulse signals occur simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 104+ for circuits performing fundamental Boolean Algebra functions,
especially the "AND" function. |
|
| |
24 | Edge sensing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein a beginning or trailing end of a
pulse is determined to occur simultaneously with a corresponding
beginning or trailing end of another pulse. |
| |
25 | With uniform spacing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein an output signal is produced when
two or more input pulse signals having the same time interval between
consecutive pulses occur simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31+, | for detecting a pulse width or spacing in general. |
|
| |
26 | With pulse width detecting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein pulse width discriminating is achieved
via a pulse coincidence operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31+, | for detecting pulse width or spacing in general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, | Demodulators,
subclass 312 for a pulse width demodulator. |
|
| |
27 | With reference: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein an input pulse signal is compared
with a predetermined standard signal. |
| |
28 | By polarity: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the input signal parameter is its
positive or negative orientation with respect to a fixed origin. |
| |
30 | Opposite polarity: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Subject matter wherein an output signal results from comparing
pulses which have or are expected to have differing polarities. |
| |
31 | By pulse width or spacing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the input signal parameter is (a) a
time interval between a leading edge and a trailing edge of a single
pulse or (b) a time interval between a trailing
edge and a leading edge of two consecutive pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
172+, | for pulse signal shaping with duration or width
control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclass 12.16 for pulse width selective actuation and subclass
12.17 for pulse spacing selective actuation. |
|
| |
32 | With shock-excited circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter including a resonant circuit which oscillates
at its natural frequency upon application of an electrical impulse.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
596, | for miscellaneous circuitry containing shock excited
resonant components. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, | Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for free running generators
utilizing shock excited resonant circuits. |
334, | Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuned networks for use
in wave energy apparatus and comprising inductance and capacitance
elements in circuit arrangement to form a resonant circuit and in
which structure is provided for adjusting one or both of these elements
for changing the mean resonant frequency of the circuit. |
|
| |
33 | With sampling: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter including a circuit providing periodic representations
of an input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9, | for phase discriminating with sampling. |
91+, | for detailed sampling or holding circuits, per
se. |
|
| |
34 | Narrow pulse elimination or suppression: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter wherein the output signal does not include
portions of the input signal having a pulse width shorter than a
predetermined time interval.
| (1)
Note. Narrow or short pulse (spurious) duration
in a system may be noise, which is unwanted disturbances
superimposed upon a useful signal and which tends to obscure its
information content. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
172+, | for rectangular or pulse waveform continuous width
control. |
178+, | for rectangular or pulse waveform amplitude control
which may include some noise reduction. |
310+, | for transient or signal noise reduction by limiting, clipping, or
clamping. |
379+, | for noise overriding in gating or switching. |
551+, | for miscellaneous unwanted signal elimination. |
|
| |
35 | Separating by duration or gap (e.g., duty cycle, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter wherein (a) an input pulse
signal is divided between long and short pulses contained therein
or (b) a space is inserted between the trailing
edge of a pulse and the leading edge of the next pulse or (c) a
spacing between pulses is detected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134+, | for duration control of a triangular or sawtooth
wave. |
172+, | for rectangular wave or pulse width control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, | Demodulators,
subclass 312 for a pulse width demodulator. |
|
| |
38 | With plural paths: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter wherein an input signal passes through more
than one route or channel between an input terminal and an output
terminal. |
| |
39 | By frequency: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the discriminated signal parameter
relates to the number of times a signal repeats its basic waveform
within a unit of time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2+, | for discriminating by phase. |
47+, | for circuits where the output is present only at
a predetermined frequency of the input. |
113+, | for miscellaneous frequency or repetition rate control. |
114+, | for pulse generating which includes frequency or
repetition rate control. |
231+, | for phase correction or control. |
261+, | for output waveform production delay. |
552+, | for unwanted signal suppression by an active filter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, | Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System,
subclasses 91+ for speed-controlled fluid-pressure
brake systems. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 76.19+ for a frequency spectrum analyzer and subclasses 76.39+ for
measuring and testing of the frequency of cyclic current or voltage. |
329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 315+ for frequency demodulation in which an intelligence
signal is extracted. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 1+ for systems for stabilizing the frequency of an
oscillator utilizing phase or frequency comparison devices and subclasses
37+ for systems wherein two or more frequencies are combined
to produce a beat frequency. |
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 117+ for systems wherein the frequency of a carrier
wave is modulated by an arbitrarily varying quantity. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclass 214 for frequency or phase modulation with particular
discrimination or detection. |
702, | Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or
Testing,
subclasses 75+ for frequency measurement system. |
|
| |
40 | Comparison between plural inputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter wherein the output signal is a function of
the differences among two or more input signal frequencies.
| (1)
Note. Systems wherein the claimed subject matter
includes apparatus which responds only when a noninformation bearing
input signal is in synchronism with a control signal locally generated (synchronous
detectors) and which are not claimed as an integral part
of a more comprehensive system will be classified herein.
Detectors producing an output which is a result of demodulation
of a carrier having previously been modulated by an intelligence
waveform which varies arbitrarily will not be classified here.
See SEARCH CLASS, below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3, | for phase comparison between plural input signals. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, | Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for a circuit having an output which
is a result of demodulation of a carrier having previously been
frequency modulated by an intelligence waveform. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 130+ , for mixers or converters utilized in
a superheterodyne receiver (commonly referred to as a first
detector), and subclasses 313+ for combining
frequencies in a receiver to produce a beat frequency. |
|
| |
41 | With synchronous detection: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter wherein the output signal provides an indication
of the maintenance of precise matching between two or more input signal
frequencies.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
141+, | for synchronizing control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 1+ for controlling frequency synchronization in oscillator
circuits (e.g., phase lock loop
circuits, etc.). |
348, | Television,
subclasses 638+ and 726+ for television receivers that
may include synchronous detectors. |
|
| |
42 | Fixed frequency reference signal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter wherein a signal of constant frequency acts
as a standard for comparison to a variable input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7+, | for a fixed phase signal compared to a variable
input. |
|
| |
43 | With logic or bistable circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter wherein the frequency comparison of plural
signals (a) includes a device performing Boolean
functions such as AND, OR, or exclusive-OR
or (b) utilizes a device having two stable states.
| (1)
Note. The combination of logic with specific frequency
comparison circuitry or function, not elsewhere classified
is classified here. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185+, | for particular stable state circuits including bistable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for clocking or synchronizing of one or more logic
stages and appropriate subclasses for general digital logic circuitry
not classified elsewhere. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 1 for automatic frequency control synchronization with
logic elements. |
|
| |
44 | With predetermined frequency selection: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter wherein the output signal consists of a chosen
input signal having a specific frequency characteristic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
552+, | for unwanted signal suppression by an active filter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, | Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for circuits which select
signals from modulated wave signals. |
|
| |
45 | Including sampling or reference frequency: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter wherein (a) the predetermined signal
frequency selected is derived by representation of another known
signal frequency at intermittent time intervals or (b) wherein
a signal of fixed frequency is utilized in the frequency selection.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7+, | for phase angle sensing circuits using a reference
signal. |
42, | for a fixed frequency reference signal used in plural
signal frequency comparison. |
|
| |
47 | Frequency detection: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter wherein an output signal is present or changes
only at a predetermined input frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102, | for the conversion of input frequency to output
current or voltage. |
113+, | for frequency or repetition rate control. |
552+, | for unwanted signal elimination by an active filter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, | Telephonic Communications,
subclass 346 for a repeater with voice frequency discriminator. |
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 311+ for frequency detection/filtering using
an electrical digital calculating computer. |
|
| |
48 | With counting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Subject matter wherein the output signal is incremented
or decremented at a predetermined interval thereby forming a variable
duty cycle according to the changes in the input frequency signal.
| (1)
Note. A counter is a device capable of changing
between a sequence of distinguishable states upon each receipt of
an input signal. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, for counters, per se. |
|
| |
49 | With logic or bistable circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Subject matter wherein the frequency detection (a) includes
a device performing Boolean functions such as AND, OR, or
exclusive-OR or (b) utilizes a device
having two stable states.
| (1)
Note. The combination of logic with specific frequency
detection circuitry or function, not elsewhere classified, is classified
here. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185+, | for particular stable state circuits including bistable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for clocking or synchronizing of one or more logic
stages and appropriate subclasses for general digital logic circuitry
not classified elsewhere. |
|
| |
50 | By amplitude: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the discriminated input signal parameter
is the magnitude of an electrical energy waveform measured with
respect to a fixed origin.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178+, | for rectangular or pulse waveform amplitude control. |
306+, | for amplitude control in general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 76+ for the measuring or testing of electricity, per
se. |
329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 347+ for amplitude demodulators. |
|
| |
51 | With sensing amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein low-level voltages (e.g., CCD
charges, capacitive stored signal levels, etc.) are
detected and increased in magnitude from one level to another.
| (1)
Note. The voltage amplitude or storage charge levels
detected in this subclass include the type of levels found in storage
memory cells of an array; however, the static
storage and retrieval of information coupled with the functions
of "write", "read-out", "erase", etc., wherein
voltage amplitude is sensed, is classified elsewhere. See
the Search Note below. |
| (2)
Note. Differential comparator type sensing amplifiers
including regenerative sensing arrangements (e.g., bistable
flip-flops) are classified in this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28, | for discrimination by polarity. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval,
subclasses 207 through 210.15for the static storage and retrieval of information
coupled with the functions of "write", "read-out", "erase", etc., wherein
voltage amplitude is sensed. |
|
| |
52 | Differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Subject matter including a device responsive to the offset
between two input voltages or currents and nonresponsive to voltages
or currents which are identical in the two inputs. |
| |
53 | Current mirror: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter wherein the sensing amplifier circuit utilizes
collector current matching of two transistors when connected base
to base and emitter to emitter. |
| |
54 | Having feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter wherein a portion of the output signal is
returned to an input.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57, | for a miscellaneous sense amplifier with a latching
type element. |
|
| |
55 | Cross-coupled: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Subject matter wherein there are two elements or stages
which are mutually interconnected (i.e., the
output of one is connected to the input of the other and vice versa). |
| |
56 | With reference signal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter wherein a signal of fixed voltage potential
acts as a constant for comparison to a variable input.
| (1)
Note. The reference signal is usually an input signal
or produced from an input signal. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77+, | for amplitude comparison between an input signal
and a fixed reference, in general. |
|
| |
58 | Maximum or minimum amplitude: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein an output signal is caused by either
a greatest absolute magnitude or a least absolute magnitude of an
input signal during a time period of interest.
| (1)
Note. This subclass does not include comparison
to a fixed reference or threshold. | |
| |
60 | Employing input compared to reference derived therefrom: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Subject matter wherein a signal from an external source
is evaluated relative to a voltage or current obtained by processing
signals from the same source.
| (1)
Note. For this subclass either the processing or
means therefor should be claimed. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72+, | for generic amplitude comparing between an input
and a reference derived therefrom. |
|
| |
61 | By diode-capacitor network: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Subject matter wherein maximum or minimum amplitude discriminating
is achieved by an electrical energy storage element combined with
an element providing unidirectional current flow. |
| |
62 | Maximum and minimum amplitude: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Subject matter wherein an output signal is caused by both
the greatest absolute magnitude and least absolute magnitude of
an input signal during a time period of interest. |
| |
63 | Comparison between plural varying inputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein fluctuating input signals from two
or more sources external to a system are evaluated relative to one
another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72+, | for evaluation of an input signal relative to a
reference derived therefrom. |
74+, | for a system wherein a signal from an external source
is evaluated relative to plural fixed reference levels. |
77+, | for the evaluation of a signal relative to a single
fixed reference level. |
78+, | for detection of a crossover point between an input
signal and a reference level. |
|
| |
64 | With logic or bistable circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter wherein the comparison by amplitude (a) includes
a device performing Boolean functions such as AND, OR, or
exclusive-OR or (b) utilizes a device
having two stable states.
| (1)
Note. The combination of logic with specific amplitude
comparison circuitry or function, not elsewhere classified
is classified here. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185+, | for particular stable state circuits including bistable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for clocking or synchronizing of one or more logic
stages and appropriate subclasses for general digital logic circuitry
not classified elsewhere. |
|
| |
65 | Differential input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter wherein the differences between the plural
varying input signals are initially amplified prior to further processing. |
| |
66 | Current mirror: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter wherein the comparison between plural varying
inputs utilizes collector current matching of two transistors when
connected base to base and emitter to emitter. |
| |
68 | Input provides varying reference signal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter wherein at least one of the fluctuating inputs
provides a changing signal to be used only as an evaluation standard.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72, | for amplitude discriminating where a reference signal
is internally derived from one of the inputs. |
|
| |
69 | With plural paths: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter wherein an input signal passes through more
than one route or channel between an input terminal and an output
terminal. |
| |
70 | With single output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Subject matter wherein the plural paths have a common output.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
407+, | for plural channel input, single channel
output gating systems. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, | Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for similar subject matter
used with multiplexing. |
|
| |
72 | Input signal compared to reference derived therefrom: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein a signal from an external source
is evaluated relative to a voltage or current obtained by processing
signals from the same source.
| (1)
Note. For classification herein, either the
processing or means therefor should be recited. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
68, | for amplitude discriminating between plural varying
inputs where at least one of the input signals is a varying reference. |
74+, | for an input signal compared to plural fixed references. |
205+, | for stable state circuits utilizing hysteresis. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuits,
subclasses 22+ for input noise margin enhancement. |
|
| |
73 | Reference derived by feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Subject matter wherein the processing includes extracting
a signal from an output terminal of the circuit and applying a portion
of the extracted signal to an input terminal. |
| |
74 | Input signal compared to plural fixed references: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein input signal amplitude is evaluated
relative to two or more unvarying voltage or current levels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63+, | for amplitude comparison between plural varying
inputs. |
72+, | for an input signal compared to a reference derived
therefrom. |
77+, | for an input signal compared to a single fixed reference. |
205+, | for a stable state circuit utilizing hysteresis. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuits,
subclass 22 for input noise margin enhancement. |
|
| |
75 | Three or more: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter wherein there are more than two unvarying
reference levels. |
| |
76 | With logic or bistable circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter wherein the comparison by amplitude between
the input signal and plural fixed references (a) includes
a device performing Boolean functions such as AND, OR, or exclusive-OR
or (b) utilizes a device having two stable states.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185+, | for particular stable state circuits including bistable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, for general digital logic circuitry not classified elsewhere
and particularly
subclasses 93+ for clocking or synchronizing of one or more logic
stages. |
|
| |
78 | Reference level crossover detecting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter wherein an output signal is produced when
an input signal actually transits the reference amplitude of a comparison
standard.
| (1)
Note. The approach of the input signal to the reference
level may be from either a positive or a negative direction. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63+, | for evaluation of plural sources of varying input
signals relative to each other. |
74+, | for evaluation of an input signal relative to plural
fixed thresholds. |
|
| |
79 | Zero crossover: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter wherein the reference level which is transited
is zero volts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
451+, | for AC supply zero point switching utilizing a four
or more layer device such as a thyristor. |
|
| |
81 | With transistor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the single electrical component is
a three terminal semiconductor device composed of n or p type material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for transistor structure
details. |
|
| |
82 | Plural sources of input signal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter wherein multiple input signals are to be
evaluated relative to a standard.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63+, | for an amplitude evaluation system having plural
varying input signals which are to be evaluated against each other. |
72+, | for a comparator system which evaluates an input
signal against a reference derived from the same signal. |
|
| |
83 | Temperature compensation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter wherein an increase or decrease in thermal
sensitivity of a system is cancelled or reduced by the effects of
a counterbalancing element in the system.
| (1)
Note. A counterbalancing element may be, for
example, a resistor, capacitor, or inductor. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
513, | for miscellaneous temperature compensation. |
|
| |
84 | With bridge circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter including four or more devices with their
input and output terminals connected in a closed loop to form a
four arm network.
| (1)
Note. Another arm, called the diagonal arm, may
be connected between an input terminal and an output terminal. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
587, | for a two electrode solid-state device bridge
circuit. |
588, | for miscellaneous bridge circuits. |
|
| |
86 | With transformer: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter wherein an electromagnetic induction device
transfers electrical energy between adjacent circuit portions at
a constant frequency.
| (1)
Note. A transformer changes voltage in direct proportion
to the ratio of the number of turns of its primary and secondary windings. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for transformer details. |
|
| |
88 | With source as reference: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter wherein a device which supplies signal power
at a constant voltage or current level is used as a standard for
comparison.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
100+, | for signal generating. |
540+, | for stabilized bias circuits with voltage regulating. |
|
| |
89 | With differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter including a device responsive to the offset
between two input voltages or currents and nonresponsive to voltages
or currents which are identical in the two inputs. |
| |
91 | Including details of sampling or holding: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein a representation of an input signal
magnitude at a particular point in time is produced or an established
input signal magnitude value is maintained.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
124, | for signal generation by periodic switching. |
365+, | for gating of signals, in general. |
|
| |
92 | With bridge circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter including four or more devices with their
input and output terminals connected in a closed loop to form a
four arm network.
| (1)
Note. Another arm, called the diagonal arm, may
connect an input terminal and an output terminal. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
587, | for a two electrode solid-state device bridge
circuit. |
588, | for miscellaneous bridge circuits. |
|
| |
93 | With reference source: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter including a device which supplies signal
power to a sample or hold circuit at a constant voltage or current
level.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
100+, | for signal converting, shaping, or
generating. |
530+, | for miscellaneous bias voltage supply circuits and
particularly subclasses 538+ for a stabilized bias voltage
supply circuit. |
|
| |
94 | Sample and hold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter wherein a representation of an input signal
magnitude at a particular point in time is produced and subsequently
maintained for a time in a storage element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
341, | Coded Data Generation or Conversion,
subclasses 122+ for sample and hold circuits having code generation or
conversion. |
|
| |
96 | With differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Subject matter including a device responsive to the offset
between two input voltages or currents and nonresponsive to voltages
or currents which are identical in the two inputs. |
| |
97 | With logic or bistable circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein the comparison by amplitude (a) includes
a device performing Boolean functions such as AND, OR, or
exclusive-OR, or (b) utilizes
a device having two stable states.
| (1)
Note. The combination of logic with specific amplitude
comparison circuitry or function, not elsewhere classified
is classified here. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185+, | for particular stable state circuits including bistable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for clocking or synchronizing of one or more logic
stages and appropriate subclasses for general digital logic circuitry
not classified elsewhere. |
|
| |
98 | By separating composite signal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the output signal is a selected component
of a multicomponent input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35, | for pulse separating by width or spacing. |
551+, | for miscellaneous signal suppression which may include
an active filter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 105 for harmonic filters or neutralizing systems, in
general. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 332+ for geophysical exploration systems utilizing radiant energy
with separate detector means whereby signal components are selected
or suppressed and subclasses 76.12+ for measuring
systems which analyze complex electric waves. |
330, | Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for frequency selective linear
amplifiers. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 76 and 77 for oscillator systems combined with harmonic
selecting means or wave filter, respectively, in
the output circuit. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate subclasses for passive type wave selecting
systems, particularly
subclasses 167+ for wave filters, per se. |
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 13.2 through 13.36for selective systems which are frequency responsive. |
348, | Television,
subclass 506 for burst separation circuitry, subclasses
525+ for separating the synchronizing components from a
composite signal wave, and subclasses 638+ for
color signal deriving circuitry. |
704, | Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics, Language
Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclass 200 for systems for analyzing complex speech waves (e.g., where
the fundamental pitch frequency of the human voice is determined). |
|
| |
99 | Having selection between plural continuous waveforms: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Systems wherein the output signal is one of a plurality
of simultaneously applied input signal waveforms selected in accordance
with a predetermined characteristic, the nonselected waveforms
being attenuated or otherwise suppressed in such a manner that only
the desired signal waveform appears at the output.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
98, | for systems which select a signal component from
a composite wave. |
407+, | for distribution systems wherein plural channels
are input and the output consists of a signal from a selected channel. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 76.12+ for analysis systems of a complex wave. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 76 for systems comprising an oscillator combined with
a harmonic selection network and subclass 77 for oscillators with
a wave selecting output filter. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclasses 167+ for wave filters comprised of passive elements. |
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 13.2 through 13.36for remote control or selective signaling systems which
are frequency responsive. |
348, | Television,
subclasses 525+ for separating the synchronizing components from
a composite signal wave. |
|
| |
100 | SIGNAL CONVERTING, SHAPING, OR GENERATING: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein (a) an inherent input
signal parameter such as phase, frequency, amplitude, or
current is modified, maintained at some value, or
changed to an entirely different parameter, (b) an
input signal having a particular waveform is modified into an output
signal having a partially or completely different waveform, or (c) an
output signal of specified waveform is produced.
| (1)
Note. An example of the second type above would
be sine wave to triangular wave modification. |
| (2)
Note. This subclass and indented subclasses do not
include single energy systems for conversion wherein a single electrical
source circuit is coupled to a single electrical load circuit and
which involves current, phase or frequency conversion, and
wherein the energy in the load is supplied solely by the source. Such
systems in general are classified in Class 363, Electric
Power Conversion Systems, appropriate subclasses.
See References to Other Classes in Class 363 for other classes providing
for conversion systems. |
| (3)
Note. Excluded from this subclass and indented subclasses
are free running signal generators which are classified, for example, in
Class 331. |
| (4)
Note. Bias circuits of the pulsing type which establish
device operating points are classified below with the bias circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
334+, | for circuits whose output is proportional to a mathematical
function of the input. |
544, | for bias circuits of the pulsating type. |
596, | for miscellaneous circuits including a free running
oscillatory type circuit. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, | Surgery,
subclass 2.06 for electrocardiographs involving timing and subclasses
303.13+ for instruments for application of electricity
to the human body involving timing. |
236, | Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
subclass 46 for regulation systems involving timing. |
237, | Heating Systems,
subclasses 2+ for systems for automatic control of a heating
system. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 401+ for nonlinear reactor systems (e.g., saturable) and
subclasses 106+ for a class appropriate wave shape determinative
or pulse producing system. See also appropriate subclasses
for plural source or load voltage magnitude and phase control. |
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Systems,
subclasses 364+ for cathode ray deflecting circuits involving timing
and subclasses 209+ for systems involving a periodic switch
in the supply circuit of a gaseous discharge tube. |
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclass 445 for systems of automatically starting and/or
stopping a motor with timing, subclasses 606+ for
electric motor position servomechanisms with phase or frequency
control, and subclass 683 for particular phase detectors
used in such a servomechanism. |
320, | Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging
or Discharging,
subclasses 166+ for charging or discharging a capacitor, per
se. |
322, | Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
subclasses 17+ , especially indented subclass 18 for systems involving
time delay means in the control of a generator or driving. |
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems,
subclasses 212+ for power supply phase control comprising an electron
tube and wherein, in general, the tube does not
act as an active element. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 83+ for phase indicators, subclasses 78+, particularly
subclass 82 for measuring or testing the frequency of cyclic current
or voltage by phase comparison, and subclasses 160+ for
systems for measuring time or speed. |
330, | Amplifiers,
subclass 107 for amplifiers with phase shifting means in a feedback
path. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 37+ for systems including an oscillator or oscillators
generating at least two different frequencies with a signal combining device (e.g., mixer, modulator, etc.) having
a signal input circuit and a signal output circuit where the oscillator or
oscillators are connected to the signal input circuit of the combining device
and the device output comprises the sum or difference frequency of
the outputs of the oscillator or oscillators. |
332, | Modulators, appropriate subclasses for systems including beating
a source of carrier frequency with a signal wave which varies arbitrarily
in a continuous manner in accordance with some intelligence. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclasses 18 , 23, and 138+ for delay
networks comprising passive elements and subclasses 138+. See (1) Note, above. |
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclass 870.24 for telemetering systems receiving information
by pulse trains with length or spacing varied with respect to time. |
341, | Coded Data Generation or Conversion,
subclasses 50+ for systems converting an input consisting of a
coded arrangement representing a particular group of values to an
output consisting of another coded arrangement. |
348, | Television,
subclasses 469+ for systems generating or formatting a television
signal. |
361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 195+ for time delay networks which control a relay load
switching operation. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems, appropriate subclasses for single energy conversion
systems wherein a single electrical source circuit is coupled to
a single electrical load circuit. See (2) Note, above. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 313+ for mixer or converters in radio receiver circuits.
See (3) Note, above. |
|
| |
101 | Converting input current or voltage to output frequency: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a repetition rate of an output signal
is directly related to the magnitude of an input signal current
or voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
113+, | for miscellaneous frequency or repetition rate conversion
or control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 117+ for a frequency modulator. |
|
| |
102 | Converting input frequency to output current or voltage: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein the magnitude of output signal current
or voltage is directly related to the repetition rate of the input
signal.
| (1)
Note. Included here are devices wherein an input
signal of varying frequency is changed into a direct current output
voltage which is a function of the input frequency. |
| (2)
Note. Since period is inversely related to frequency, input
period conversion to output current or voltage is also included here. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39+, | for frequency discrimination and particularly subclasses
47+ for frequency detection. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 315+ for a frequency demodulator. |
|
| |
103 | Converting input voltage to output current or vice versa: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein electrical potential is changed to
an equivalent electrical charge flow or vice versa.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclass 73 for power conversion systems between a constant
current and a constant voltage or vice versa wherein a single source
is connected to a single load. |
|
| |
104 | Converting, per se, of an AC input to
corresponding DC at an unloaded output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an alternating current input signal
wave is converted to an unloaded output wave consisting of a unidirectional
representation of the half cycles of an input wave.
| (1)
Note. The conversion systems in this subclass do
not include claimed subject matter such as would define demodulators, detectors, or
rectifier systems classified elsewhere with specific art devices. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28+, | for polarity selection or discrimination. |
39+, | for selection or discrimination by repetition rate (i.e., frequency). |
335+, | for a differentiating network. |
336+, | for an integrating network. |
348, | for the determination of the RMS function of an
input signal. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, | Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for pulse producing (e.g., by
rectification of AC signals, etc.) in
combination with telegraph systems. In Class 178, the
pulses are usually representative of a telegraph code.
subclasses 118+ relate to telegraph receivers which may include
signal rectifiers. |
246, | Railway Switches and Signals, appropriate subclasses for railway signaling systems
which may include signal rectifying or other conversion systems as
subcombinations thereof. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 6 for systems having series connected converters
of different voltages, subclass 45 for plural supply circuits
with intervening converter, subclass 58 for load current
dividing circuits utilizing plural converters, subclass
82 for plural converter systems, subclasses 401+ for
nonlinear reactor systems, and subclass 107 for wave form
or wave shape determining systems with wave rectification. |
320, | Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging
or Discharging, appropriate subclass for charging or discharging
a capacitor or battery where a rectifier is employed, particularly
Digest 31. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 89 for phase comparison meters and subclass 119 for
meters in general with rectifying. |
329, | Demodulators, for demodulating systems using rectification designed
to change a signal modulated wave so as to produce in the output
circuit a pulsating direct current representative of the signal. |
330, | Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifiers, especially
subclass 10 for modulator-demodulator type amplifiers. |
343, | Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, appropriate subclasses for signaling systems including
radar and directive radio systems which may include demodulating
type conversion systems as subcombinations thereof. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 13+ for rectification and derectification involving
a single source coupled to a single load in a power conversion system.
See the class definition and search notes as to lines with other
classes and further fields of search for rectifying systems. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications, appropriate subclasses and particularly
subclasses 37+ for pulse communication systems using alternating or
pulsating currents. |
379, | Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses for pulse producing systems
with signal rectifying or other converting for use in telephone
call transmitter systems. |
|
| |
105 | Synthesizer: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an output waveform is derived which
at any instant is proportional to the combined values of the corresponding instantaneous
values of a plurality of input signal waveforms.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3+, | for circuits where the output is a function of the
phase difference between plural input signal wave forms. |
40+, | for circuits where the output is a function of the
frequency difference between plural input signal wave forms. |
129, | for miscellaneous sine wave generation. |
355+, | for circuits where the output signal is a function
of a plurality of input signals. |
361, | for mathematical summing of two or more input signals. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, | Music,
subclasses 600+ for generation of electrical musical tones utilizing
synthesizing techniques. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 77 for systems for analyzing complex electric waves
and subclass 140 for measuring and testing circuits which combine
plural inputs. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 37+ for oscillatory circuits whose output comprises
a beat frequency and subclasses 46+ for plural oscillator
systems. |
332, | Modulators, appropriate subclasses for plural wave modulating
circuits. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclass 20 for passive wave shaping networks. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 313+ for plural wave combining heterodyning systems
utilized in radio receivers wherein the output is a beat frequency. |
|
| |
106 | Having stored waveform data (e.g., in
ROM, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Subject matter wherein information about a desired output
waveform is placed into a memory device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval, appropriate subclasses for read-only memory (ROM) circuits
in general. |
|
| |
108 | Current driver: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an input signal is modified into
a similar output signal having an enhanced current supplying ability.
| (1)
Note. Current driving of the type associated with
electronic digital logic circuitry is classified in Class 326. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139, | for sawtooth signal waveform production without
output current drive enhancement and having an inductive load. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 401+ and particularly subclass 412 for similar subject
matter where a nonlinear reactive element (e.g., magnetic
core) is claimed as forming part of the operative combination
of the invention. |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 82+ for logic current driving. |
365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval, appropriate subclasses for magnetic storage of signals
on magnetic cores. |
|
| |
109 | Having semiconductive load: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein the output drive current is provided
to a broadly recited semiconductive device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for detailed semiconductor
structure. |
|
| |
110 | Having inductive load (e.g., coil, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein the output drive current is provided
to a broadly recited element which has the property of opposing
current flow therethrough due to a resultant magnetic field.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139, | for a circuit providing a sawtooth or triangular
waveform, as generated, to an inductive load. |
190+, | for a stable state circuit utilizing a transformer
or saturable core device. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for generic inductive devices. |
|
| |
111 | Having capacitive load: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein the output drive current is provided
to a broadly recited element which has the property of opposing
voltage change due to stored charge.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 500+ for electrolytic capacitors. |
|
| |
112 | Push-pull: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter wherein an output circuit comprises two parallel
identical portions each receiving signals which are the same except
for a relative 180 degree phase offset.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 250+ and particularly subclasses 262+ for semiconductor
push-pull amplifiers, in general. |
|
| |
113 | Frequency or repetition rate conversion or control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a frequency characteristic of an
input signal is modified to produce an output wave of different
frequency characteristic which has a definite relationship to that of
the input wave or where a frequency characteristic is held essentially
constant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39+, | for frequency discrimination without subsequent
control. |
141+, | for miscellaneous synchronization circuits. |
231+, | for circuits providing a phase shift less than the
period of an input signal. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, | Music,
subclasses 600+ for apparatus for generating or modifying electric currents
or potentials to produce varying electric currents or potentials
in combination with or intended for use with structure for converting
the varying electric currents or potentials into musical tones. |
250, | Radiant Energy,
subclass 250 for wave meters which may employ frequency changing. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 424+ for parametric amplifier frequency converters, per
se. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 79+ for electric wave frequency measuring systems of
the heterodyne type. |
329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 323+ or 346 for frequency or phase demodulators with
oscillators. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 37+ for beat frequency oscillator systems and subclass
76 for systems including an oscillator combined with a harmonic producing
or selecting network in the output. To be classified in
Class 331 the oscillator must be the signal source and must be capable
of self sustained oscillation. |
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 117+ or 144+ for systems wherein a first source
is modified in frequency or phase by mixing with an arbitrarily
varying control source. |
340, | Communications: Electrical, particularly
subclasses 870.01+ for telemetering systems and especially subclasses
870.18+ providing for frequency or phase modulation
systems. |
343, | Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, appropriate subclasses for systems involving object
detection by reflected pulses which may utilize phase or frequency
modulation. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 157+ for frequency conversion systems wherein a single
electrical source is coupled to a single electrical load in a power
conversion system. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications, appropriate subclasses for pulse communication systems
which utilize phase or frequency modulation. |
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, for pulse counters or counting systems. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 313+ for radio receivers including frequency changing
means. |
|
| |
114 | Of output rectangular waveform: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Subject matter including maintaining constant or varying
the repetition rate of a continuous series of pulses having negligible
transition times and available at a specific circuit location for
subsequent utilization.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39+, | for frequency sensitive systems and see also the
search notes thereunder. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, | Music,
subclasses 600+ for apparatus for generating or modifying electric currents
or potentials to produce varying electric currents or potentials
in combination with or intended for use in converting the varying
electric currents or potentials into musical tones. |
250, | Radiant Energy,
subclass 250 for wave meters which may employ frequency changing. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 424 for parametric amplifier frequency converters. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 79 for electric wave frequency measuring systems of
the heterodyne type. |
329, | Demodulators,
subclasses 323+ for a frequency demodulator with a local oscillator
and subclass 346 for a phase demodulator with a local oscillator. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 37+ for beat frequency oscillator systems and subclass
76 for systems including an oscillator combined with a harmonic producing
or selecting network in the output. (To be classified
in Class 331 the oscillator must be the signal source and must be
capable of self sustained oscillation). |
332, | Modulators, appropriate subclasses for systems wherein a first
source of one frequency is modified in frequency or phase by mixing
with an arbitrarily varying control source of another frequency
or frequencies. |
340, | Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses for systems whereby information
is conveyed from one point to another by pulses arranged in a particular
sequence or whose height or duration are varied to represent the particular
information to be conveyed, particularly
subclasses 870.01+ for telemetering systems, and subclasses 870.18+
for such systems providing frequency or phase modulation. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications, appropriate subclasses for pulse communication systems
which utilize phase or frequency modulation. |
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, for pulse counters or counting systems. |
|
| |
115 | Frequency division: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter wherein the repetition rate of the output
pulses is less than the frequency of the input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117+, | for frequency division, in general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for analogous circuits which
may utilize shift registers or other class appropriate devices. |
|
| |
116 | Frequency multiplication: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 114. wherein the repetition rate of the output pulses is greater
than the frequency of the input signal.
| (1)
Note. Miscellaneous frequency mixing which produces
sum or difference frequencies of two input frequencies is classified
in subclass 113. Rectangular or pulse waveform frequency
mixing is classified in subclass 114. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119+, | for frequency multiplication in general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for analogous circuits which
may utilize shift registers or other class appropriate devices. |
|
| |
117 | Frequency division: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Subject matter wherein an input signal having a first frequency
is transformed into an output signal having a second lower frequency
where the output frequency is a submultiple of the input frequency.
| (1)
Note. Included as submultiples are fractions such
as two-thirds. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114, | for frequency conversion of a pulse train. |
119+, | for miscellaneous frequency multiplication. |
185+, | for particular multivibrator type which may or may
not be used as a frequency divider. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, | Music,
subclasses 600+ for apparatus for generating or modifying electric currents
or potentials to produce varying electric currents or potentials
in combination with or intended for use with structure for converting
the varying electric currents or potentials into musical tones. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 157+ for frequency conversion systems of a single electrical source
coupled to a single electrical load where there is no intermediate conversion
to DC. |
|
| |
119 | Frequency multiplication (e.g., harmonic generation, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Subject matter wherein an input signal having a first frequency
is transformed into an output signal having a second higher frequency, where the
output frequency is a multiple of the input frequency.
| (1)
Note. A harmonic output frequency is an integral
multiple of an input frequency. |
| (2)
Note. Miscellaneous frequency mixing which produces
sum or difference frequencies of two input frequencies is classified
in subclass 113. Rectangular or pulse waveform frequency
mixing is classified in subclass 114. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
113, | for miscellaneous frequency mixing. |
114, | for pulse frequency mixing. |
116, | for frequency multiplication of an output rectangular
or pulse waveform. |
117, | for miscellaneous frequency division. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, | Music,
subclasses 600+ for apparatus for generating or modifying electric currents
or potentials to produce varying electric currents or potentials
in combination with or intended for use with structure for converting
the varying electric currents or potentials into musical tones. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 105 for a class appropriate harmonic filter or neutralizer. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 76 for oscillators combined with electron space discharge
tube harmonic generating or selecting. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 157+ for frequency conversion systems of a single electrical source
coupled to a single electrical load where there is no intermediate conversion
to DC. |
|
| |
120 | With plural outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter wherein multiple harmonic output waves are
simultaneously derived from a single input wave.
| (1)
Note. The plurality of output waves are generally
derived from separate output terminals by filter or other load. | |
| |
121 | Selective: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter wherein one or more of the multiple output
harmonic waves may be chosen for utilization.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
407+, | for a switching circuit having plural inputs and
a single output. |
|
| |
122 | Doubling: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter wherein the frequency of the output wave
is exactly twice the frequency of the input wave independent of
the input frequency.
| (1)
Note. Included in this subclass are systems in which
the claimed subject matter is restricted to frequency doublers even though
the system singularly or in combination with similar systems may
be used as a frequency multiplier other than a doubler. | |
| |
123 | With particular tube or distributed parameter element: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter wherein a harmonic producing device comprises
a particular electron space discharge device or an element whose
respective impedance cannot be considered to be concentrated at
a point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
593, | for miscellaneous circuits with distributed parameter
elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 76 for oscillators combined with electron space discharge
tube harmonic generating or selecting. |
|
| |
124 | By periodic switching (e.g., chopper, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an input signal (typically
low magnitude DC) is regularly interrupted to form a pulsating
output waveform.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
291+, | for miscellaneous clock or pulse generating. |
365+, | for electronic input/output switching, in
general. |
548, | for miscellaneous circuits providing a specific
source of supply or bias using an oscillator or interrupter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 132+ for relay repetitive make and break systems. |
330, | Amplifiers,
subclass 10 for interrupters used in modulator-demodulator type
amplifiers. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 106+ and subclass 177 for circuit interrupter type converters
for power systems. |
370, | Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for multiplex systems which
utilize switching techniques. |
|
| |
125 | Generating parabolic or hyperbolic output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a waveform is generated having the
shape produced by (a) a locus of points each of
which has an equal distance to a fixed line and a fixed point or (b) a
locus of points wherein the difference in distances from each point
to two fixed points is a constant.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclass 853 for a hyperbolic function generator using an analog
computer. |
|
| |
126 | Generating staircase output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter including the generation of a signal whose
amplitude increases or decreases between three or more discrete
steps at regular intervals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105, | for wave synthesizing systems. |
131+, | for sawtooth or triangular wave output. |
291+, | for an output discretely stepping between two levels. |
355+, | for systems wherein the output is a resultant function
of plural inputs. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Systems,
subclasses 364+ for step wave deflection systems used with cathode-ray
tubes. |
370, | Multiplex Communications,
subclass 530 for a multiplexing system using a time-division
step wave signal. |
|
| |
127 | With differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter including a gain producing device responsive
to the offset between two input voltages or currents and nonresponsive
to voltages or currents which are identical in the two inputs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
563, | for a nonlinear amplifier circuit utilizing a differential
amplifier. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 252+ for a semiconductor differential amplifier in general. |
|
| |
128 | With rectifying element: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter including an element converting an alternating
current wave into a corresponding direct current wave.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104, | for a converter of an AC input to corresponding
DC at an unloaded output. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 13+ for current conversion (including rectification) in
a power system which connects a single electrical source to a single
electrical load. |
|
| |
129 | Generating sinusoidal output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an input signal wave is modified
to or triggers an alternating current sinusoidal wave at the output.
| (1)
Note. Included here are signals having a cosinusoidal
waveform. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
32, | for a shock excited tuned circuit utilized in pulse
width or spacing selection. |
104, | for miscellaneous converters of an AC signal input
to DC voltage output. |
105+, | for synthesizing of an output waveform. |
113+, | for systems providing frequency conversion. |
306+, | for systems wherein the amplitude of an output wave
is controlled within specific limits. |
596, | for miscellaneous circuits including an oscillatory
or shock excited portion. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, | Music,
subclasses 600+ for various systems for modifying electric currents
or potentials in combination with converting the varying electric currents
or potentials into sound waves for the production of musical tones. |
128, | Surgery,
subclasses 419+ for systems wherein the usual 60 Hz commercial alternating
current is converted to high frequency AC or pulsating current for
application to the human body. |
178, | Telegraphy,
subclasses 66.1+ for systems relating to frequency shift keying
of an alternating current signal under the influence of a control
pulse. |
310, | Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclass 160 for structural details of a rotary mechanical AC
frequency converter and subclass 161 for phase shifter type rotary
AC dynamoelectric machines. |
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Systems,
subclasses 378+ and 391+ for systems which deflect a cathode
ray by a rotating electric field having conversion of pulse wave energy
to alternating wave energy, subclasses 200+ for
systems comprising a discharge device or rectifier in the supply
circuit of a gaseous tube or tubes where the output may be an alternating
circuit wave, subclasses 209+ for systems comprising
a periodic switch in the supply circuit of a gaseous tube or tubes
where the switch may be pulse controlled with the output an AC wave
and subclasses 246+ for systems comprising a pulsating
supply for gaseous tubes. |
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclasses 400.1 through 400.42for synchronous motor commutation control systems. |
331, | Oscillators, particularly
subclasses 37+ for systems comprising the combination of oscillator
with production of a beat frequency, subclass 45 for an oscillator
with polyphase output, and subclasses 172+ for
an oscillator combined with pulse actuated control or synchronization. |
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 117+ or 144+ for devices for modulating the
phase or frequency of a carrier wave by an arbitrarily varying control
wave. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 20 for systems comprising wave shape changing utilizing passive
elements. |
340, | Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses for signaling or indicating
devices responsive to pulse wave input and in which the output may
or may not be an alternating current. |
343, | Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, appropriate subclasses for receivers for pulse wave
transmitted carrier wave energy. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 13+ for systems involving derectification, subclasses
148+ for systems including phase conversion, and
subclass 157 for systems including frequency conversion wherein
a single source is connected to a single load. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclasses 1 through 58for pulse responsive systems, subclasses
62+ for systems for transmitting information including
frequency shift keying, and subclasses 75+ for
pulse responsive receivers. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 313+ for systems whereby an input modulated carrier
wave is modified by a wave derived from a local oscillator or other
source in such a manner as to obtain an output wave the frequency of
which is the sum or difference of the input wave and the modifying wave (i.e., a
beat frequency). |
|
| |
130 | Generating trapezoidal output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. wherein the output waveform comprises an initial sloped
rise from a normal voltage level followed by a steady level which
is followed by a sloped return to the normal voltage level and where
the sloped portions are mirror images.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
131+, | for miscellaneous circuits producing a sawtooth
or triangular output. |
|
| |
131 | Generating sawtooth or triangular output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a waveform is generated having a
positive slope followed immediately by a negative slope.
| (1)
Note. The positive slope is generally gradual (e.g., by
slowly charging a capacitor, etc.), and
the negative slope is generally much more rapid (e.g., by quickly
discharging a capacitor). |
| (2)
Note. The slopes of a sawtooth waveform produced
may only approximate a straight line. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
126+, | for staircase output generation which may approximate
a ramp or sawtooth signal. |
335+, | for differentiating networks. |
336+, | for integrating networks. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Device: Systems,
subclasses 364+ for cathode-ray tube beam deflecting systems. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 20+ , 111+, 129+, and
143+ for free running sawtooth wave generators. |
348, | Television, particularly
subclasses 536+ for television systems which may include sawtooth
generating circuits. |
|
| |
132 | With current source or current mirror: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter including a circuit portion which supplies
a particular level of electrical current therethrough or a circuit
portion having collector current matching in a pair of transistors
having their bases and emitters tied together.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133, | for linearization in a sawtooth or triangular wave
generator. |
540+, | for current source regulating in a stabilized bias
circuit. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems, for generic current regulation. |
|
| |
133 | With distortion control (e.g., linearization, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter which compensates for or introduces output
waveform irregularities.
| (1)
Note. Distortion is sometimes introduced to the
sawtooth or triangular signal to balance out some anticipated subsequent
circuit distortion. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132, | for systems wherein the linearization includes a
constant current device. |
165+, | for regenerating or restoring a rectangular waveform. |
317, | for an amplitude controlled distortion compensation
circuit. |
379+, | for signal transmission integrity in a circuit providing
gating of an unmodified input signal to an output. |
551+, | for miscellaneous unwanted signal suppression. |
|
| |
134 | With slope or duration control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter wherein the inclination or the period of
the generated output is regulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13+, | for systems for selecting pulses as a function of
slope or shape. |
130, | for a circuit generating a trapezoidal output. |
170+, | for slope control of a leading or trailing edge
of a rectangular waveform. |
|
| |
135 | Having digital element: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter including a device performing a logical function.
| (1)
Note. An example of a digital element is an AND
gate. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, appropriate subclasses for digital logic elements, per
se. |
|
| |
138 | Having temperature compensation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter wherein undesired circuit variations due
to a thermal condition are minimized.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
513, | for miscellaneous temperature compensation circuits. |
|
| |
139 | Having inductive load: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter wherein the output is supplied to a device
producing a magnetic field which tends to inhibit any change in
current passing therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110, | for a circuit which enhances current driving capability
to an inductive device. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for generic inductive devices. |
|
| |
140 | With amplitude control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter including the maintenance or modification
of output signal magnitude.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
306+, | for miscellaneous amplitude control circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers, for amplifier circuits in general. |
|
| |
141 | Synchronizing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a signal is produced which will (a) maintain
a predetermined phase or frequency relationship between two sources of
waves, one source being an excitation or standard source (sync
source) and the other source being changed to achieve the
predetermined relationship; (b) provide
an initiate or stop operation to a device at a predetermined time; or (c) time (i.e., synchronize) the
operation of some electrical circuit or system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185+, | for circuits having one or more stable states. |
231+, | for a phase shift which is less than the period
of an input signal. |
261+, | for a time delay in producing an output waveform. |
392+, | for a delay controlled switch. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, | Electric Heating,
subclasses 108+ for resistance welding circuits which may contain
timing means. |
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Systems,
subclass 360 for timing circuits where the discharge device
is the ultimate load. |
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclasses 62 , 141+, 364+, 445, 700+, 725+, and
727+ for motor control circuits containing time delay. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 160+ for time or speed measuring or determining. |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for logic stage or gate synchronizing or timing. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 20+ for synchronized automatic frequency stabilized
TV type oscillators, subclass 55 for synchronized plural
oscillators, subclass 87 for synchronized magnetron oscillators, subclass
145 for synchronized free running multivibrators, subclass
149 for synchronized free running blocking oscillators, and
subclass 153 for synchronized free running relaxation oscillators
in general. |
348, | Television,
subclasses 500+ for television synchronizing. |
358, | Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing,
subclasses 409 through 424for facsimile synchronization. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclasses 106+ for data communication synchronization. |
|
| |
142 | Reset (e.g., initializing, starting, stopping, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein a device provides either an initiate
or stop operation at a predetermined interval from a predetermined
starting time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
198, | for similar circuits which establish a particular
stable state exclusive of synchronization. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 94 for prevention of a metastable state in digital
logic. |
|
| |
143 | Responsive to power supply: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter wherein a circuit reacts to the supply of
power thereto or the removal of power therefrom.
| (1)
Note. The change in supplied power may be of any
duration. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50+, | for amplitude discriminating, comparing, or
selecting without subsequent parameter control. |
198, | for initializing, resetting, or
protecting a state of a stable state circuit. |
545+, | for miscellaneous signal protection or bias preservation. |
|
| |
144 | Using multiple clocks: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein plural square wave signals having
precisely regulated amplitude and frequency are utilized to achieve
synchronization. |
| |
146 | With feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Subject matter wherein a portion of the circuit output is
returned to an input.
| (1)
Note. Positive feedback occurs when a portion of
an output signal is fed back in phase with the input to increase
amplification and possibly cause oscillation. |
| (2)
Note. Negative feedback occurs when a portion of
an output signal is fed back 180 degrees out of phase relative to
the input. This decreases amplification, stabilizes
circuit performance, and minimizes noise and distortion. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
155, | for feedback synchronization in general. |
|
| |
147 | Phase lock loop: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein a circuit compares the phase of
the output signal with a reference signal and converts any difference
into a correction voltage that changes the phase of the output so
it matches that of the reference or input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
155+, | for phase lock loop type feedback synchronizing, in
general. |
|
| |
148 | With charge pump: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter wherein a device which pumps elemental positive
or negative electrical energy is included. |
| |
149 | With variable delay means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter wherein means providing a changeable offset
in time is included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231+, | for phase shift or control. |
261+, | for specific delay in producing an output waveform. |
|
| |
150 | With digital element: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter including a device performing Boolean algebra
operations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, appropriate subclasses for an electronic digital
element, per se. |
|
| |
151 | With counter: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Subject matter which includes a device which can total the
number of pulses applied thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for pulse counters, per
se. |
|
| |
153 | With delay means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Subject matter including means providing a distinct signal
time offset.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231+, | for phase shift or control. |
261+, | for specific delay in producing an output waveform. |
|
| |
154 | With feedforward: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein a portion of an input signal is advanced
essentially unchanged to an output stage of the synchronizing circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144+, | for feedforward type synchronization using multiple
clocks. |
|
| |
155 | With feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein a portion of the circuit output is
returned to an input.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
146+, | for feedback synchronization utilizing multiple
clocks. |
|
| |
156 | Phase lock loop: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter wherein a circuit compares the phase of
the output signal with a reference signal and converts any difference
into a correction voltage that changes the phase of the output so
it matches that of the reference or input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147+, | for phase lock loop type feedback synchronizing
using multiple clocks. |
|
| |
157 | With charge pump: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Subject matter wherein a device which pumps elemental positive
or negative electrical energy is included. |
| |
158 | With variable delay means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Subject matter wherein means providing a changeable offset
in time is included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231+, | for phase shift or control. |
261+, | for specific delay in producing an output waveform. |
|
| |
159 | With digital element: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Subject matter including a device performing Boolean algebra
operations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, appropriate subclasses for an electronic digital
element, per se. |
|
| |
160 | With counter: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter which includes a device which can total the
number of pulses applied thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151, | for a counter in a synchronizing circuit using multiple
clocks. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for pulse counters, per
se. |
|
| |
161 | With delay means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter including means providing a distinct signal
time offset.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231+, | for phase shift or control. |
261+, | for specific delay in producing an output waveform. |
|
| |
163 | By phase: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein the reference source controls the
clock output of the synchronizing circuit by a fractional part of
the period of an input signal periodic function or wave.
| (1)
Note. The period of a periodic function or wave
is defined as 360 electrical degrees. | |
| |
165 | Regenerating or restoring rectangular (e.g., clock, etc.) or
pulse waveform: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a pulse waveform which has undergone
attenuation or deformation is modified into an output pulse wave
form whose characteristics correspond to an original pulse waveform
prior to such attenuation or deformation.
| (1)
Note. Usually a feedback or regenerative system
is utilized to reshape the distorted pulse wave form. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, | Telegraphy,
subclasses 70+ for regenerative repeaters used in telegraphy systems. |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 29 for logic signal sensitivity or transmission integrity
pulse shaping. |
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 75+ , 290, and 291+ for feedback
amplifiers. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 7+ for signal repeaters that may regenerate the repeated
signal and which are used in radio systems. |
|
| |
171 | Output pulses having opposite polarities: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an input pulse wave form consisting
of a series of pulses of a single polarity is converted to an output
wave form consisting of a plurality of pulses of alternate polarities.
| (1)
Note. Such pulses are often referred to as bipolar. | |
| |
172 | Rectangular (e.g., clock, etc.) or
pulse waveform width control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter including maintaining constant or varying
the length of individual pulses in a pulsating waveform which is
repetitive or intermittent and wherein an individual pulse has negligible
transition times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31+, | for pulse width discriminating without subsequent
control. |
398, | for delay controlled switching with predetermined
activation time. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 109+ for modulation of pulse width by an intelligence
signal. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclass 22 for communication systems using pulse width modulation. |
|
| |
173 | Pulse narrowing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Subject matter wherein the output pulse width or duration
is decreased relative to that at the input.
| (1)
Note. This is also known as pulse shortening. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31+, | for pulse width discriminating. |
174, | for pulse lengthening or stretching. |
|
| |
174 | Pulse broadening: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Subject matter wherein the output pulse width or duration
is increased relative to that of the input.
| (1)
Note. This is also known as pulse stretching. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31+, | for pulse width discriminating. |
173, | for pulse shortening or narrowing. |
|
| |
175 | Duty cycle control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Subject matter wherein the ratio of pulse width to pulse
separation in a periodic wave is regulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31+, | for pulse width or spacing discriminating without
subsequent control thereof. |
|
| |
177 | Having inductive device (e.g., transformer, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Subject matter including an element which has the property
of opposing current flow therethrough due to a resultant magnetic
field.
| (1)
Note. The inductive element may be distributed or
lumped. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for generic inductive devices. |
|
| |
179 | Gain: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein the ratio of output to input amplitude
levels is regulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
306+, | for miscellaneous amplitude control circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for generic amplifying circuits. |
|
| |
180 | Limiting, clipping, or clamping: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein the pulse has particular amplitude
level constraints.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
309+, | for limiting, clipping, or clamping
circuits, in general. |
|
| |
181 | Electromagnetic pulse forming: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a pulse of energy is produced which
has simultaneously varying electric and magnetic fields which are
at right angles to each other.
| (1)
Note. This includes, for example, the production
of pulsed RF or microwaves. | |
| |
182 | Delay line or capacitor storage element charged or discharged
through or by a relaxation oscillator type circuit to form pulse: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter including a distributed parameter wave conveying
network or analogous structure or capacitive retention device with
a respective charge or discharge path through an oscillator which
slowly charges and rapidly discharges an inductor or capacitor through
a resistor to form a pulse.
| (1)
Note. This subclass will not ordinarily contain
subject matter wherein the capacitor constitutes an element of a
free running relaxation oscillator circuit (such as provided
for in Class 331, Oscillators). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
183+, | for other systems utilizing storage or delay elements. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 143+ for relaxation oscillators, per se. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate subclasses for transmission lines, per
se. |
|
| |
185 | Particular stable state circuit (e.g., tristable, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter comprising a circuit which will remain in
a distinct current conductive steady-state condition unless
toggled therefrom by a trigger input.
| (1)
Note. The condition to which the circuit may be
toggled may itself be stable or it may be unstable. |
| (2)
Note. Detailed flip-flops, per
se, generally are contained herein; however, multifunctional
or programmable logic having a flip-flop is classified
in Class 326, subclasses 37+, and redundant
logic having a flip-flop is classified in Class 326, subclass
12. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365+, | for gating of an unmodified input signal to an output. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 12 for redundant logic and flip-flop, subclasses
40 and 46 for programmable logic and flip-flop, and subclasses
59+ for logic circuits having three or more active states. |
331, | Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for free running oscillators (e.g., astable circuits). |
|
| |
186 | Superconductive (e.g., cryogenic, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein the circuit incorporates elements
which exhibit a marked decrease in electrical resistance (to
essentially zero ohms) at a temperature less than or equal
to 30 K.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
366+, | for superconductive gating or switching. |
527+, | for miscellaneous cryogenic device circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 1+ for superconductive electronic digital logic circuits. |
505, | Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material, Process, for high temperature (i.e., greater
than 30 K) superconductive apparatus, materials, or
processes. |
|
| |
188 | Minority carrier storage effect: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter which utilizes or varies the concentration
of electrons in p-type material or holes in n-type
material which accumulate at a pn semiconductor junction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
579, | for miscellaneous circuits utilizing minority carrier
storage in a three or more electrode solid-state device. |
585, | for miscellaneous circuits utilizing a minority
carrier storage diode. |
|
| |
189 | Storage diode (e.g., step
recovery, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Subject matter including a two-terminal unidirectionally
conductive semiconductor device having minority carriers which accumulate
at the pn junction when the diode is forward biased and which are
suddenly swept away as back biasing increases to a certain point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
585, | for miscellaneous circuits using minority carrier
storage diodes. |
|
| |
190 | With transformer or saturable core device: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter including a device whose ratio of input voltage
to output voltage is directly proportional to the ratio of primary
windings to secondary windings therein or a magnetic core reactor
having reactance modified by varying the core saturation through
a superimposed unidirectional flux.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300, | for clock or pulse waveform generators utilizing
a saturable inductance. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 401+ for nonlinear reactor systems (e.g., saturable) in
electrical transmission or interconnection systems. |
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for generic inductive devices. |
|
| |
191 | Blocking oscillator: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter wherein the circuit includes transformer
coupled feedback in which output current flows for only one half
cycle before the oscillation is halted due to blocking of the input
and the oscillation is resumed after the input becomes unblocked.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 112 for free running solid-state blocking
oscillators. |
|
| |
194 | Zener or capacitive diode: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter including a diode having a threshold voltage
above which the applied voltage must rise before the diode junction
breaks down allowing the current flow across the junction to suddenly
rise or including a voltage responsive two terminal semiconductor
device whose capacitance varies as a result of changes in the space
charge at a pn junction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
302, | for clock or pulse waveform generating utilizing
storage diodes. |
584, | for miscellaneous zener diode circuits. |
586, | for miscellaneous capacitive diode circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes),
subclasses 603+ for avalanche diodes, per se. |
|
| |
198 | Initializing, resetting, or protecting
a steady state condition: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter including the establishment of a starting
condition in a stable state circuit, the restoration of
a stable circuit to a previous stable-state condition, or
the prevention of deterioration of an already established stable-state condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91+, | for amplitude detection circuits including details
of sampling or holding (e.g., capacitive
storage element). |
142+, | for a synchronizing type reset circuit. |
315+, | for maintaining a predetermined input/output
level ratio by limiting, clipping, or clamping. |
545, | for protection of nonlinear solid-state signal
or circuit conditions against power or bias supply loss or perturbations, per
se, and see search notes thereunder. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 94 for logic metastable state prevention. |
|
| |
199 | Circuit having only two stable states (i.e., bistable): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter including a circuit with exactly two
distinct current-conductive steady-state conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
227+, | for monostable (single stable state) circuits, per
se. |
291+, | for miscellaneous clock or pulse waveform generating. |
365+, | for switching of an unmodified input to an output. |
|
| |
200 | Dynamic bistable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein a particular stable state is maintained
by charge storing elements which must be regularly recharged. |
| |
202 | Master-slave bistable latch: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein the bistable device includes a controlling
circuit section, otherwise known as the "master" stage
and a subsequent controlled section, known as the "slave" stage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
216, | for cross-coupled JK input bistable circuits
in general, |
217, | for cross-coupled RS input bistable circuits
in general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems,
subclasses 115+ for counters and dividers including master-slave
circuits as transfer means. |
|
| |
203 | Including field-effect transistor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter which includes a unipolar transistor in which
current carriers are injected at a source terminal and pass to a
drain terminal through a channel of semiconductor material whose
conductivity depends largely on an electrical field applied to the
semiconductor from a control electrode (gate).
| (1)
Note. In a unipolar transistor, the source to
drain current involves only one type of charge carrier (i.e., holes
in a p-type channel and electrons in an n-type
channel). |
| (2)
Note. Two types of FET structures are prevalent: (a) an
all-junction device, known as a junction FET or
JFET characterized by having heavily doped impurity regions of one
type (e.g., p-type material), known
as gate regions, on both sides of a second type semiconductor
bar (e.g., n+ type
material) to form a pn junction, and (b) a
device such as a MOSFET/IGFET, consisting of a
lightly doped substrate (e.g., p-type
material) into which two highly doped regions (e.g., n+ type
material) are diffused for forming source/drain
regions with the area therebetween becoming the channel for current
carriers (i.e., holes or electrons) and
with a layer of insulating material (e.g., SiO2) grown
over the channel surface for separating the channel from a control (i.e., gate) electrode. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
581, | for field-effect device circuits, per
se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes),
subclasses 213+ for field-effect devices, per
se. |
|
| |
205 | Using hysteresis (e.g., Schmitt
trigger, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein the input voltage required to cause
a change from a first stable state to a second stable state is distinctly
different from that required to cause a subsequent change from the
second stable state to the first stable state as a result of feedback.
| (1)
Note. Electronic digital logic circuits which may
utilize hysteresis for noise margin enhancement are classified with the
logic circuits in Class 326. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72+, | for analogous circuitry recited as an amplitude
comparator wherein an input is compared to a reference derived therefrom. |
74+, | for an input signal compared to plural fixed references. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuits,
subclass 22 for input noise margin enhancement logic circuits
which may utilize similar circuits. |
|
| |
206 | Including field-effect transistor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter which includes a unipolar transistor in which
current carriers are injected at a source terminal and pass to a
drain terminal through a channel of semiconductor material whose
conductivity depends largely on an electrical field applied to the
semiconductor from a control electrode (gate).
| (1)
Note. In a unipolar transistor, the source to
drain current involves only one type of charge carrier (i.e., holes
in a p-type channel and electrons in an n-type
channel). |
| (2)
Note. Two types of FET structures are prevalent: (a) an
all-junction device, known as a junction FET or
JFET characterized by having heavily doped impurity regions of one
type (e.g., p-type material), known
as gate regions, on both sides of a second type semiconductor
bar (e.g., n+ type
material) to form a pn junction, and (b) a
device such as a MOSFET/IGFET, consisting of a
lightly doped substrate (e.g., p-type
material) into which two highly doped regions (e.g., n+ type
material) are diffused for forming source/drain
regions with the area therebetween becoming the channel for current
carriers (i.e., holes or electrons) and
with a layer of insulating material (e.g., SiO2) grown
over the channel surface for separating the channel from a control (i.e., gate) electrode. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
581, | for field-effect device circuits, per
se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes),
subclasses 213+ for field-effect devices, per
se. |
|
| |
207 | Including diverse solid-state devices (e.g., FET/ bipolar, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein plural distinct types of semiconducting
elements are utilized.
| (1)
Note. Types of semiconducting elements include bipolar, FET, SCR, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for diverse solid-state
device structure. |
|
| |
208 | Including field-effect transistor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter which includes a unipolar transistor in which
current carriers are injected at a source terminal and pass to a
drain terminal through a channel of semiconductor material whose
conductivity depends largely on an electrical field applied to the
semiconductor from a control electrode (gate).
| (1)
Note. In a unipolar transistor, the source to
drain current involves only one type of charge carrier (i.e., holes
in a p-type channel and electrons in an n-type
channel). |
| (2)
Note. Two types of FET structures are prevalent: (a) an
all-junction device, known as a junction FET or
JFET characterized by having heavily doped impurity regions of one
type (e.g., p-type material), known
as gate regions, on both sides of a second type semiconductor
bar (e.g., n+ type
material) to form a pn junction, and (b) a
device such as a MOSFET/IGFET, consisting of a
lightly doped substrate (e.g., p-type
material) into which two highly doped regions (e.g., n+ type
material) are diffused for forming source/drain
regions with the area therebetween becoming the channel for current
carriers (i.e., holes or electrons) and
with a layer of insulating material (e.g., SiO2) grown
over the channel surface for separating the channel from a control (i.e., gate) electrode. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51+, | for a sensing amplifier which may utilize an FET
bistable circuit. |
581, | for miscellaneous field-effect device circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes),
subclasses 213+ for field-effect devices, per
se. |
|
| |
209 | Including enhancement and depletion devices: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Subject matter including (a) an FET device which
permits current conduction by attracting majority carriers to a
channel by an appropriate applied voltage and (b) an
FET device which inhibits current conduction by repelling majority
carriers away from a channel by an appropriate applied voltage. |
| |
210 | CMOS: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Subject matter wherein the FET is of the complementary
metal-oxide-semiconductor type. |
| |
211 | With clock input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter which provides an input for a separate triggering
source.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
291+, | for miscellaneous circuits which generate a clock
or pulse waveform. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for clocking of logic stages or gates. |
|
| |
212 | With clock input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Subject matter which provides an input for a separate triggering
source.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
291+, | for miscellaneous circuits which generate a clock
or pulse waveform. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 93+ for clocking of logic stages or gates. |
|
| |
213 | Plural independent clock inputs (i.e.,
non-complementary): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter wherein inputs accepting multiple distinct
triggering sources are present.
| (1)
Note. Clocks which are merely the inverse of each
other are not considered independent. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
291+, | for miscellaneous circuits which generate a clock
or pulse waveform. |
|
| |
214 | Complementary transistors: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein the circuit includes a transistor
of the pnp type and a transistor of the npn type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
576, | for miscellaneous circuits using complementary transistors. |
|
| |
215 | Having at least two cross-coupling paths: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter including two active devices, each
capable of assuming a distinct current-conductive stable
state, the output of each device being coupled to the input
of the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228, | for a monostable circuit having cross-coupled
paths. |
|
| |
216 | JK type input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter wherein the multivibrator has a clock input
and two additional inputs (the "J" and "K" inputs) which
jointly determine the output state of the multivibrator at the application
of a clock pulse using the following guidelines: (a) if
both "J" and "K" are "HIGH", the multivibrator
will change state; (b) if "J" and "K" are
both "LOW", the multivibrator will maintain
its current state; (c) if "J" = "HIGH" and "K" = "LOW", the
multivibrator will go to the "HIGH" state; and (d) if "J" = "LOW" and "K" = "HIGH", the
multivibrator will go to the "LOW" state.
| (1)
Note. The "HIGH" state can be
considered analogous to a logic "1" and the "LOW" state
can be considered analogous to a logic "0." | |
| |
217 | RS or RST type input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter wherein the multivibrator has two inputs (the "R" and "S") in
the RS case and also a third (the "T" input) in
the RST case and which inputs determine the output state of the
multivibrator according to the following guidelines: (a) if
the "S" is "HIGH" then the multivibrator
will go to the "HIGH" state; (b) if the "R" is "HIGH", then
the multivibrator will go to the "LOW" state; and (c) if
there is a "T" input present and it is "HIGH", the
multivibrator will change state from its previous value.
| (1)
Note. A "HIGH" on both the "R" and the "S" inputs
simultaneously is not permitted. |
| (2)
Note. The "HIGH" state can be
considered analogous to a logic "1" and the "LOW" state
can be considered analogous to a logic "0." | |
| |
218 | D type input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter wherein the multivibrator has a clock input
and an additional input (the "D" input) wherein
the output state of the multivibrator represents the state of the "D" input
just prior to the most recent clock pulse. |
| |
220 | With diode: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Subject matter including a conventional two-terminal
unidirectionally conductive active element in the input circuit, the
output circuit, or a cross coupling path of the multivibrator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for diverse types of diodes, per
se. |
|
| |
222 | Resistor in cross-coupling path: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Subject matter wherein a device which directly relates voltage
to current is inserted in one of the mutually interconnecting paths.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
338, | Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for details of electrical
resistors. |
|
| |
226 | With single electron tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein a solitary active device is included
which possesses two or more spaced electrodes and in which current
flow therebetween comprises elemental negatively charged particles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
313, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for electron tube structure, in
general. |
|
| |
227 | Monostable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein the circuit has a single stable state
which can be momentarily changed to an unstable state by the application
of a triggering signal, but which will revert to the stable
state after a predetermined time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
172+, | for a monostable used in pulse waveform width control. |
199+, | for two stable state circuits (i.e., bistable). |
291+, | for miscellaneous clock or pulse waveform generating. |
|
| |
228 | Having cross-coupled paths: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter including two circuit stages in which the
output of each stage is fed back to the input of the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
215+, | for a bistable circuit having at least two cross-coupled
paths. |
|
| |
231 | Phase shift by less than period of input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein a fraction of the period of an input
periodic wave signal (with one period represented as 360
degrees along the time axis) is maintained or shifted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2+, | for phase angle sensing without subsequent control. |
141+, | for time or phase control of one signal to cause
synchronization with another signal. |
261+, | for specific delay in producing output waveforms. |
392+, | for delay controlled switching. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems,
subclasses 212+ for electric power phase shift or control circuits. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 1+ for automatic frequency stabilization using phase
of frequency sensing means and for phase lock loop circuits in oscillator
circuits and systems. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems, appropriate subclasses for phase conversion circuits
with control or error correction. |
|
| |
232 | Dependent on frequency: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein the phase shift is varied dependent
upon the number or recurrences of a periodic input signal in a unit
of time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39+, | for frequency selecting, comparing, or discriminating
without subsequent control. |
|
| |
233 | Correction to specific phase shift: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein correction is made to an input signal
phase shift to ensure that the output signal has a predetermined
phase shift.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165+, | for pulse or rectangular wave regeneration or restoration. |
237+, | for variable or adjustable phase shifting, in
general. |
|
| |
234 | Dependent on variable controlled phase shifts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Subject matter wherein the desired output phase shift is
obtained by applying changeable phase shifts to the input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
235, | for correction to specific phase shift by applying
plural fixed phase shifts to the input signal. |
237+, | for variable or adjustable phase shifting in general. |
|
| |
235 | Dependent on multiple fixed phase shifts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Subject matter wherein the desired output phase shift is
obtained by applying a plurality of unchanging phase shifts to the
input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
234, | for variable phase shifts applied to an input signal
to produce correction to a specific phase shift. |
|
| |
236 | By phase comparator or detector: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Subject matter wherein the phase shift change is effected
by the output of a circuit that obtains both the magnitude and sign
of the phase angle between two input voltages or currents.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2+, | for phase discriminating or detecting without subsequent
control. |
244, | for a phase comparator or detector in a variable
or adjustable feedback circuit to control phase shift. |
|
| |
237 | Variable or adjustable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein the phase control is (a) continuously
changed or (b) modifiable (either automatically
or in response to an operator) to various fixed delays.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
270, | for output waveform production delay via variable
or adjustable multiple outputs to effect a plurality of delay intervals. |
276, | for output waveform production delay where a single
output has variable or selectable delay. |
|
| |
238 | Quadrature related (i.e., 90
degrees): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein the variable or adjustable phase
shift control involves the state or condition of two related periodic
functions or two related points separated by a quarter of a cycle
or 90 electrical degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
254, | for quadrature related phase shift control which
is not variable or adjustable. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 76.78 for quadrature sensing, per se. |
|
| |
239 | Non-overlapping multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein a variable or adjustable phase shift
circuit produces plural output clock type waves wherein no two such
waves are permitted to be "on" simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22, | for pulse noncoincidence discriminating without
subsequent control. |
23+, | for pulse coincidence discriminating without subsequent
control. |
259, | for non-overlapping multiple outputs in
phase shift circuitry in general. |
|
| |
240 | Maintaining invariant amplitude: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein a variable or adjustable phase control
device produces an output signal having an unchanging amplitude
relative to the input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231, | for unchanging phase shifts with invariant amplitude. |
|
| |
241 | With counter or shift register: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter including (a) a circuit
which totals input pulses to produce an output signal each time
it receives a predetermined number of input pulses or (b) a
circuit which transfers its digital contents along plural storage
elements in a chain on the application of an input pulse.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241+, | for variable or adjustable phase shifting using
a counter or shift register. |
265, | for a counter in an active element or structure
wherein output waveform production delay is effected by the rising
or falling edge of an input. |
273, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a multiple output, plural delay interval environment. |
279, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a single output environment having a variable or selectable delay. |
286, | for a counter with an active circuit element or
structure in output waveform production delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for counters or shift registers, per
se. |
|
| |
242 | Having multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
245, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with feedback
and multiple outputs. |
247, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
differential amplifier and multiple outputs. |
249, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
adder and multiple outputs. |
251, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element and multiple outputs. |
253, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element and multiple outputs. |
257, | for multiple outputs wherein there is a 180 degree
phase difference between the input and output. |
258, | for a phase control circuit having multiple outputs, in
general. |
|
| |
243 | With feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein a portion of the output signal is
returned to an input.
| (1)
Note. Positive feedback occurs when a portion of
an output signal is fed back in phase with the input to increase
amplification and possibly cause oscillation. |
| (2)
Note. Negative feedback occurs when a portion of
an output signal is fed back 180 degrees out of phase relative to
the input. This decreases amplification, stabilizes
circuit performance, and minimizes noise and distortion. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
154, | for feedforward synchronization. |
155+, | for feedback synchronization. |
|
| |
244 | With phase comparator or detector: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter including a circuit whose output represents
both the magnitude and sign of the phase angle between two input
voltages or currents.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2, | for phase comparing without subsequent control. |
236, | for a phase comparator or detector used in correcting
a specific phase shift. |
|
| |
245 | Having multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
counter or shift register and multiple outputs. |
247, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
differential amplifier and multiple outputs. |
249, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
adder and multiple outputs. |
251, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element and multiple outputs. |
253, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element and multiple outputs. |
257, | for multiple outputs where there is a 180 degree
phase difference between the input and output. |
258, | for a phase control circuit having multiple outputs, in
general. |
|
| |
246 | With differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein a circuit amplifies only the differences
between two input signal voltages or currents and suppresses voltages
or currents appearing simultaneously on both inputs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
266, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
via the rising or falling edge of a pulse signal. |
274, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of multiple outputs with a plurality of delay intervals. |
280, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of a single output with variable or selectable delay. |
287, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay. |
|
| |
247 | Having multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
counter or shift register and multiple outputs. |
245, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with feedback
and multiple outputs. |
249, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
adder and multiple outputs. |
251, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element and multiple outputs. |
253, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element and multiple outputs. |
257, | for multiple outputs where there is a 180 degree
phase difference between the input and output. |
258, | for a phase control circuit having multiple outputs, in
general. |
|
| |
248 | With adder: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein a variable or adjustable device includes
a circuit which produces the sum of two or more quantities impressed
on it.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
361, | for algebraic summing circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating, subclass
subclasses 670+ for a digital computer providing addition or subtraction. |
|
| |
249 | Having multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
counter or shift register and multiple outputs. |
245, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with feedback
and multiple outputs. |
247, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
differential amplifier and multiple outputs. |
251, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element and multiple outputs. |
253, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element and multiple outputs. |
257, | for multiple outputs where there is a 180 degree
phase difference between the input and output. |
258, | for a phase control circuit having multiple outputs, in
general. |
|
| |
250 | With active time delay element: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein the time required for a signal to
travel between two points in a circuit is controlled by an element
which requires an external power supply other than the main input
signal for its operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
252, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element. |
|
| |
251 | Having multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
counter or shift register and multiple outputs. |
245, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with feedback
and multiple outputs. |
247, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
differential amplifier and multiple outputs. |
249, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
adder and multiple outputs. |
253, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element and multiple outputs. |
257, | for multiple outputs where there is a 180 degree
phase difference between the input and output. |
258, | for a phase control circuit having multiple outputs, in
general. |
|
| |
252 | With passive time delay element: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein the time required for a signal to
travel between two points in a circuit is controlled by an element
powered only by an input signal, without any bias voltage.
| (1)
Note. A passive element (such as a capacitor, resistor, or
inductor), does not add any amplification or gain (i.e., it presents
some loss to the system). |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
250, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element. |
|
| |
253 | Having multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
counter or shift register and multiple outputs. |
245, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with feedback
and multiple outputs. |
247, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
differential amplifier and multiple outputs. |
249, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
adder and multiple outputs. |
251, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element and multiple outputs. |
257, | for multiple outputs where there is a 180 degree
phase difference between the input and output. |
258, | for a phase control circuit having multiple outputs, in
general. |
|
| |
254 | Quadrature related (i.e., 90
degrees): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein the phase shift control includes
the state or condition of two related periodic functions or two
related points separated by a quarter of a cycle or 90 electrical degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238, | for quadrature related phase shift control which
is variable or adjustable. |
255, | for a phase shift control circuit where the output
is in quadrature with respect to the input. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 76.78 for quadrature sensing, per se. |
|
| |
255 | 90 degrees between input and output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Subject matter wherein the phase relationship between an
output signal and an input signal is separated by a quarter of a
cycle or 90 electrical degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238, | for quadrature related variable or adjustable phase
shift control. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 76.78 for quadrature sensing, per se. |
|
| |
257 | Multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
counter or shift register and multiple outputs. |
245, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with feedback
and multiple outputs. |
247, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
differential amplifier and multiple outputs. |
249, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
adder and multiple outputs. |
251, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element and multiple outputs. |
253, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element and multiple outputs. |
258, | for a phase control circuit having multiple outputs, in
general. |
|
| |
258 | Multiple outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein more than one output is produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
counter or shift register and multiple outputs. |
245, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with feedback
and multiple outputs. |
247, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
differential amplifier and multiple outputs. |
249, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
adder and multiple outputs. |
251, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with an
active time delay element and multiple outputs. |
253, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift with a
passive time delay element and multiple outputs. |
257, | for multiple outputs where there is a 180 degree
phase difference between the input and output. |
|
| |
259 | Non-overlapping: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Subject matter wherein a phase shift circuit produces plural
output clock type waves where no two such waves are permitted to
be "on" simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22, | for pulse noncoincidence discriminating without
subsequent control. |
23+, | for pulse coincidence discriminating without subsequent
control. |
239, | for non-overlapping multiple outputs in
a variable or adjustable phase shift control circuit. |
|
| |
260 | Producing AC power control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein an output alternating current signal
is controlled either by a phase shift or by suppressing output dependent
upon some phase.
| (1)
Note. A flow of electricity which reaches a maximum
in one direction, decreases to zero, then reverses
itself and reaches a maximum in the opposite direction and this
cycle is continuously repeated is alternating current. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
306+, | for amplitude control. |
365+, | for switching or gating of an AC signal. |
530+, | for miscellaneous circuits with specific source
of supply or bias voltage. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems, appropriate subclasses for power supply regulation
of a single source coupled to a single load. |
|
| |
261 | Having specific delay in producing output waveform: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an output signal is obtained at a
predetermined time interval subsequent to the application of an
input or control or initiating signal to a system.
| (1)
Note. Delay controlled switching is classified below
with gating circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
141+, | for time or phase control of one signal to cause
synchronization with another signal. |
231+, | for a signal phase shift which is less than the
input signal period. |
336+, | for the integration of an input signal. |
392+, | for a delay controlled switch. |
|
| |
262 | Including significant compensation (e.g., temperature
compensated delay, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter wherein undesired changes in circuit operation
due to, for example, temperature changes, component
structural differences, or power supply fluctuations are
offset.
| (1)
Note. Regulating systems for controlling a load
as well as compensating circuits for protecting systems and semiconductor
structures against failure are found in Class 323. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
509+, | for miscellaneous external effect circuits. |
538, | for miscellaneous supply or bias circuits with significant
compensation or stabilization. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems,
subclasses 220+ , 234+, 299+, 304+, and
318+ for load controlled or regulated systems. |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 14 for logic circuits which maintain a fail-safe
condition against circuit breakdown and subclasses 21+ for
signal sensitivity or transmission integrity in logic circuitry. |
|
| |
263 | Delay interval set by rising or falling edge: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter wherein the delay time is determined by either (a) the
interval between the occurrence of leading or trailing edges of
a pulse signal or (b) the amount of time for the leading
or trailing edge of a pulse waveform to rise or fall to a particular
value.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2+, | for phase characteristic selecting and particularly
subclasses 3+ for phase angle sensing (e.g., lead/lag
discriminators). |
172+, | for controlling the duration of pulse signals (e.g., pulse
stretching) in pulse generators. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclass 62 for motor speed control with time delay; subclasses
141+ for generator-fed motor systems controlled
by time delay; subclasses 283+ for time delay
for motor-reversing; and subclasses 445+ for
time delay control, per se, (e.g., automatic
starting/stopping). |
388, | Electricity: Motor Control Systems, cross-reference art collection 921 for running-speed
control systems including a time delay. |
|
| |
264 | Having specific active circuit element or structure (e.g., FET, complementary
transistors, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Subject matter including a particular circuit element or
structure requiring an external power supply other than the main
input signal for its operation and which produces some dynamic function
change (e.g., amplification) of
the applied input electrical signal basic characteristic.
| (1)
Note. Examples of active circuit elements are transistors, tunnel
diodes, or SCR"s. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
268, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
272, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with multiple outputs with a plurality
of delay intervals. |
278, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
283, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
285, | for an active circuit element or structure for output
waveform production delay. |
290, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay. |
|
| |
265 | With counter: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter wherein a circuit is included which totals
input pulses to produce an output signal each time it receives a
predetermined number of input pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift using a
counter or shift register. |
273, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a multiple output, plural delay environment. |
279, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a single output environment having a variable or selectable delay. |
286, | for a counter with an active circuit element or
structure in output waveform production delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for counters, per
se. |
|
| |
266 | Differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter wherein a circuit amplifies only the differences
between two input signal voltages or currents and suppresses voltages
or currents appearing simultaneously on both inputs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246+, | for variable or adjustable phase shift control using
a differential amplifier. |
274, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of multiple outputs with a plurality of delay intervals. |
280, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of a single output with variable or selectable delay. |
287, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay. |
|
| |
267 | Electron tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter including a gas filled or partially or fully
evacuated (vacuum) device which regulates current
flow between spaced electrodes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
275, | for circuits using an electron tube within an active
circuit element or structure having multiple outputs with a plurality
of delay intervals. |
282, | for time interval control using an electron tube
within an active circuit element or structure having a single output
with variable or selectable delay. |
289, | for circuits using an electron tube in a specific
active circuit element or structure providing output waveform production
delay. |
|
| |
268 | Having passive circuit element or structure (e.g., RLC
circuit, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Subject matter wherein a circuit element or structure is
powered only by an input signal without any bias voltage and produces
a desired modification of the input signal without adding any amplification
or gain (i.e., it presents some
loss to a system).
| (1)
Note. Examples of passive devices are capacitors, resistors, and
inductors. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
272, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with multiple outputs with a plurality
of delay intervals. |
278, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
283, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
285, | for an active circuit element or structure for output
waveform production delay. |
290, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay. |
|
| |
269 | Multiple outputs with plurality of delay intervals: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter including plural outputs each having its
own amount of delay.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
401, | for time-delay circuits for controlling a
switching or powering operation having plural switching elements. |
403, | for gating of plural parallel controlled signal
paths. |
|
| |
270 | Variable or adjustable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter wherein the multiple delay intervals are
either (a) continuously changing or (b) changeable, automatically
or in response to an operator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237, | for variable or adjustable phase shift control. |
276, | for output waveform production delay where a single
output has variable or adjustable delay. |
|
| |
271 | Including delay line or charge transfer device: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter wherein at least one time interval is derived
from the time of propagation of a signal through a transmission
line type means (e.g., shift
register, cascade-connected nonlinear amplifier
stages, charge transfer element, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
277, | for a delay line type structure within a single
output circuit having variable or selectable delay intervals. |
284, | for a delay line structure or charge transfer device
which is utilized in output waveform production delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 61 for logic circuits using an insulated gate charge
transfer device. |
|
| |
272 | Having specific active circuit element or structure (e.g., FET, complementary
transistors, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter including a particular circuit element or
structure requiring an external power supply other than the main
input signal for its operation and which produces some dynamic function
change (e.g., amplification) of
the applied input electrical signal basic characteristic.
| (1)
Note. Examples of active circuit elements are transistors, tunnel
diodes, SCRs, or ICs. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
268, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
278, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
283, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
285, | for an active circuit element or structure for output
waveform production delay. |
290, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay. |
|
| |
273 | With counter: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter wherein a circuit is included which totals
input pulses to produce an output signal each time it receives a
predetermined number of input pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift using a
counter or shift register. |
265, | for a counter in an active element or structure
wherein output waveform production delay is effected by the rising
or falling edge of an input. |
279, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a single output environment having a variable or selectable delay. |
286, | for a counter with an active circuit element or
structure in output waveform production delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for counters, per
se. |
|
| |
274 | Differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter including a circuit which amplifies only
the differences between two input signal voltages or currents and
suppresses voltages or currents appearing simultaneously on both
inputs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246+, | for variable or adjustable phase shift control using
a differential amplifier. |
266, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
via the rising or falling edge of a pulse signal. |
280, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of a single output with variable or selectable delay. |
287, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay. |
|
| |
275 | Electron tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter including a gas filled or partially or fully
evacuated (vacuum) device which regulates current
flow between spaced electrodes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267, | for the use of an electron tube within an active
circuit element or structure to control the output waveform production
delay via the rising or falling edge of an input pulse. |
282, | for output waveform production delay using an electron
tube within an active circuit element or structure having a single
output with variable or selectable delay. |
|
| |
276 | Single output with variable or selectable delay: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter including one output where the delay time
is adjustable or may be chosen from multiple possibilities.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237, | for variable or adjustable phase shift control. |
270, | for multiple outputs which have a plurality of variable
or adjustable delay intervals. |
|
| |
277 | Including delay line or charge transfer device: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Subject matter wherein the delay interval is derived from
the time of propagation of a signal through a transmission line
type means (e.g., shift
register, cascade-connected nonlinear amplifier
stages, charge transfer element, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
271, | for a delay line type structure within an output
waveform production delay circuit having multiple outputs and a plurality
of delay intervals. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 61 for logic circuits using an insulated gate charge
transfer device. |
|
| |
278 | Having specific active circuit element or structure (e.g., complementary
transistors, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Subject matter including a particular circuit element or
structure requiring an external power supply other than the main
input signal for its operation and which produces some dynamic function
change (e.g., amplification) of
the applied input electrical signal basic characteristic.
| (1)
Note. Examples of active circuit elements are transistors, tunnel
diodes, SCRs, or ICs. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
268, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
272, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with multiple outputs with a plurality
of delay intervals. |
283, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
285, | for an active circuit element or structure for output
waveform production delay. |
290, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay. |
|
| |
279 | With counter: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter wherein a circuit is included which totals
input pulses to produce an output signal each time it receives a
predetermined number of input pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift using a
counter or shift register. |
265, | for a counter in an active element or structure
wherein output waveform production delay is effected by the rising
or falling edge of an input. |
273, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a multiple output, plural delay interval environment. |
286, | for a counter with an active circuit element or
structure in output waveform production delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for counters, per
se. |
|
| |
280 | Differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter including a circuit which amplifies only
the differences between two input signal voltages or currents and
suppresses voltages or currents appearing simultaneously on both
inputs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246+, | for variable or adjustable phase shift control using
differential amplifier. |
266, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
via the rising or falling edge of a pulse signal. |
274, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of multiple outputs with a plurality of delay intervals. |
287, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers, for electrical amplifiers, in general. |
|
| |
281 | Field-effect transistor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter including a unipolar transistor in which
current carriers are injected at a source terminal and pass to a
drain terminal through a channel of semiconductor material whose
conductivity depends largely on an electrical field applied to the
semiconductor from a control electrode (gate).
| (1)
Note. In a unipolar transistor, the source to
drain current involves only one type of charge carrier (i.e., holes
in a p-type material channel and electrons in an n-type
material channel. |
| (2)
Note. Two types of FET structures are prevalent: (a) an
all-junction device, known as a junction FET or
JFET characterized by having heavily doped impurity regions of one
type (e.g., p-type material), known
as gate regions, on both sides of a second type semiconductor
bar (e.g., n+ type
material) to form a pn junction, and (b) a
device such as a MOSFET/IGFET, consisting of a
lightly doped substrate (e.g., p-type
material) into which two highly doped regions (e.g., n+ type
material) are diffused for forming source/drain
regions with the area therebetween becoming the channel for current
carriers (i.e., holes or electrons) and
with a layer of insulating material (e.g., SiO2) grown
over the channel surface for separating the channel from a control (i.e., gate) electrode. | |
| |
282 | Electron tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter including a gas filled, or partially
or fully evacuated (vacuum) device which regulates
current flow between spaced electrodes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267, | for the use of an electron tube within an active
circuit element or structure to control the output waveform production
delay via the rising or falling edge of the input pulse. |
275, | for output waveform production delay using an electron
tube within an active circuit element or structure having multiple
outputs with a plurality of delay intervals. |
|
| |
283 | Having specific passive circuit element or structure (e.g., RLC
circuit, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Subject matter wherein a circuit element or structure is
powered only by an input signal, without any bias voltage
and produces a desired modification on the input signal without
adding any amplification or gain (i.e.,
it presents some loss to a system).
| (1)
Note. Examples of passive devices are capacitors, resistors, and
inductors. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
268, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
272, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with multiple outputs with a plurality
of delay intervals. |
278, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
285, | for an active circuit element or structure for output
waveform production delay. |
290, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay. |
|
| |
284 | Including delay line or charge transfer device: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter wherein the time interval is derived from
the time of propagation of a signal through a transmission line
type means (e.g., shift
register, cascade-connected nonlinear amplifier
stages, charge transfer element, etc.).
| (1)
Note. Passive delay lines are included in this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
182, | and 183, for pulse generators utilizing passive
delay lines. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 61 for logic circuits using an insulated gate charge
transfer device and subclasses 93+ for logic function circuits
including one or more stages clocked synchronously for transmitting
signals. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclasses 138+ for passive delay networks, per se. |
365, | Static Information Storage and Retrieval,
subclass 76 for recirculating storage systems including delay lines. |
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems,
subclasses 64+ for shift registers, in general. |
|
| |
285 | Having specific active circuit element or structure (e.g., complementary
transistors, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter including a particular circuit element or
structure requiring an external power supply other than the main
input signal for its operation and which produces some dynamic function
change (e.g., amplification) of
the applied input electrical signal basic characteristic.
| (1)
Note. Examples of active circuit elements are transistors, tunnel
diodes, or SCR"s. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
272, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with multiple outputs with a plurality
of delay intervals. |
268, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
278, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
283, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
290, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay. |
|
| |
286 | With counter: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter wherein a circuit is included which totals
input pulses to produce an output signal each time it receives a
predetermined number of input pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241, | for a variable or adjustable phase shift using a
counter or shift register. |
265, | for a counter in an active element or structure
wherein output waveform production delay is effected by the rising
or falling edge of an input signal. |
273, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a multiple output, plural delay environment. |
279, | for a counter in an active element or structure
of a single output environment having a variable or selectable delay. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, | Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or
Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for counters, per
se. |
|
| |
287 | Differential amplifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter including a circuit which amplifies only
the differences between two input voltages or currents and suppresses
voltages or currents appearing simultaneously on both inputs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246+, | for variable or adjustable phase shift control using
a differential amplifier. |
266, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
via the rising or falling edge of a pulse signal. |
274, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of multiple outputs with a plurality of delay intervals. |
280, | for a differential amplifier in an active circuit
element or structure to effect output waveform production delay
of a single output with variable or selectable delay. |
|
| |
288 | Field-effect transistor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter including a unipolar transistor in which
current carriers are injected at a source terminal and pass to a
drain terminal through a channel of semiconductor material whose
conductivity depends largely on an electrical field applied to the
semiconductor from a control electrode (gate).
| (1)
Note. In a unipolar transistor, the source to
drain current involves only one type of charge carrier (i.e., holes
in a p-type material channel and electrons in an n-type
material channel. |
| (2)
Note. Two types of FET structures are prevalent: (a) an
all-junction device, known as a junction FET or
JFET characterized by having heavily doped impurity regions of one
type (e.g., p-type material), known
as gate regions, on both sides of a second type semiconductor
bar (e.g., n+ type
material) to form a pn junction, and (b) a
device such as a MOSFET/IGFET, consisting of a
lightly doped substrate (e.g., p-type
material) into which two highly doped regions (e.g., n+ type
material) are diffused for forming source/drain
regions with the area therebetween becoming the channel for current
carriers (i.e., holes or electrons) and
with a layer of insulating material (e.g., SiO2) grown
over the channel surface for separating the channel from a control (i.e., gate) electrode. | |
| |
289 | Electron tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter including a gas filled or partially or fully
evacuated (vacuum) device which regulates current
flow between spaced electrodes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclasses 138+ for passive delay networks. |
|
| |
290 | Having specific passive circuit element or structure (e.g., RLC
circuit, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter wherein a circuit element or structure is
powered only by an input signal, without any bias voltage, and
produces a desired modification on the input signal without adding
any amplification or gain (i.e., it presents
some loss to a system).
| (1)
Note. Examples of passive devices are capacitors, resistors, and
inductors. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
268, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay wherein the delay interval is set by the
rising or falling of an input pulse. |
272, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with multiple outputs with a plurality
of delay intervals. |
278, | for an active circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
283, | for a passive circuit element or structure in output
waveform production delay with a single output with a variable or
selectable delay. |
285, | for an active circuit element or structure for output
waveform production delay. |
|
| |
291 | Clock or pulse waveform generating: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein an output waveshape is produced which
exhibits two distinct amplitude levels and where the transition
therebetween is rapid.
| (1)
Note. The systems contained in this subclass and
the indented subclasses are very similar to those found in Class
331, Oscillators; the distinction being that the systems
in Class 331 are self sustaining or free running while those in
this class are not capable of self-sustained continuous
operation. |
| (2)
Note. Bias circuits of the pulsing type which establish
device operating points are classified with the bias circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104, | for systems which convert AC to corresponding DC
at an unloaded output. |
185+, | for stable state circuits (e.g., mono stable
or bistable) which may provide a pulse. |
309+, | for systems wherein the output represents the input
waveform with the peaks thereof clipped or limited between certain
levels. |
336+, | for integrating networks. |
544, | for circuits with power conservation or pulse type
source of supply or bias. |
554, | for a switched capacitor filter having an input
which accepts a clock signal. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, | Surgery,
subclasses 419+ for systems wherein an alternating current is converted
to pulses of energy for application to the human body. |
178, | Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for pulse producing systems wherein the
pulses are representative of a telegraph code, particularly
subclasses 17+ for such systems where a perforated tape or other
automatic device controls the production of the pulses, subclasses
2+ for systems where a keyboard is used to produce the pulses. |
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 106+ for class appropriate waveform or wave shape determinative
or pulse producing systems and subclasses 401+ for nonlinear
reactor systems. |
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Systems,
subclasses 137+ for polyphase AC supply and subclasses 246+ for
gaseous tube systems with pulsating or AC supply. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclass 119 for measuring systems involving rectification. |
331, | Oscillators, appropriate subclasses, for self-sustained
generators, particularly
subclasses 20+ for TV oscillators with automatic frequency stabilization, subclass
61 for oscillators with plural outputs of diverse waveforms, subclass
75 for oscillators combined with wave shaping networks in the output
circuit, subclass 87 for magnetron type oscillators with
pulse forming means in the control circuit thereof, subclasses
143+ for pulse forming networks of the relaxation oscillators
type, subclasses 165+ for shock excited resonant
circuit with pulse type keying, and subclasses 172+ for
synchronizing, triggering, or pulsing circuits
for oscillators. |
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 106+ for pulse modulators where the nature of the pulses
is varied in an arbitrary manner. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 20 for wave shaping systems utilizing a passive element. |
340, | Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclasses 12.1 through 13.38for pulse responsive selective systems; subclasses
287-309 for electric signaling system with transmission
of a train of pulse signals; and subclasses 870.19-870.24
for pulse modulation telemetering systems. |
341, | Code Data Generation or Conversion,
subclasses 20+ and 173+ for a pulse code transmitter, and
subclasses 50+ for digital to digital code converters. |
342, | Communications, Directive Radio Wave
Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio
Navigation), appropriate subclasses for pulse reflected wave systems, particularly
subclasses 118+ and 147+ for radar type systems involving
pulse generating for determining distance or direction. |
361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 182+ for single and plural relays which are frequency responsive, subclass
185 for phase responsive relays, and subclass 186 for pulse
responsive relays. |
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 13+ for current conversion (i.e., rectification
or derectification) systems. |
370, | Multiplex Communications,
subclasses 205 , 212, and 213 for transmitting
different messages involving pulse modulation. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclass 37 for miscellaneous telegraph systems using pulsating
currents and subclasses 59+ for transmitters with pulse
production. |
378, | X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,
subclass 104 for X-ray electrical systms utilizing
rectifying means with AC or pulsating supply. |
379, | Telephonic Communication, appropriate subclasses for telephone pulse producing
systems. |
|
| |
292 | Clock fault compensation or redundant clocks: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter wherein clock accuracy is ensured by correcting
for anticipated or actual clock errors.
| (1)
Note. This may be achieved by providing multiple
clocks which can, if necessary, be substituted
for a defective clock. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
526, | for miscellaneous redundant circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 10+ for redundant logic circuitry. |
|
| |
293 | With plural paths in network: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter including multiple channels between a signal
input terminal and one or more output terminals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38, | 69+, 293, 407+, and
415+, for other systems with plural paths or channels therein. |
|
| |
294 | With common output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Subject matter wherein the output of each of the plural
paths or channels is fed to a common final output point.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, | Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for similar subject matter
used with multiplexing. |
|
| |
295 | Plural outputs: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter wherein multiple separate output waveforms
are produced and appear at respective output terminals.
| (1)
Note. The separate outputs may be of similar or
diverse wave shape or sign. | |
| |
297 | Clock bus: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 295. Subject matter wherein the clock is applied to a distribution
network which distributes a plural series of precisely timed, repetitive
voltage pulses to plural devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
293+, | for clock generators having plural paths. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 86 for bus current driving in a logic circuit. |
|
| |
299 | Single clock output with single clock or data input: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter wherein one series of precisely timed, repetitive
voltage pulses of fixed frequency and amplitude or a signal containing information
is the sole input for creating a single clock output.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
295+, | for plural output clock generating. |
|
| |
300 | With saturable inductance: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter including a magnetic core reactor having
reactance modified by varying the core saturation through a superimposed
unidirectional flux.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
181, | for pulse generating systems comprising electromagnetic
pulse forming. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 401+ for nonlinear reactor, (e.g., inductor) systems, in
general. |
330, | Amplifiers,
subclass 8 for magnetic amplifiers involving saturable core devices. |
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for structural details of induction
devices and particularly
subclasses 155+ for saturable type inductors. |
|
| |
301 | With electron beam type tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter including at least one electron space discharge
device whose performance depends upon the formation and control
of one or more rays of elemental negatively charged particles. |
| |
302 | With storage diode: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter which incorporates a two-terminal
semiconductive device having minority carriers which accumulate
at a pn junction when the diode is forward biased and which are suddenly
swept away after back biasing increases to a certain point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
194, | for stable state circuits utilizing capacitive diodes. |
586, | for capacitive diode circuits, in general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes),
subclasses 595+ for voltage variable capacitance diodes, per
se. |
|
| |
303 | With rectifier: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter including a device transforming an AC signal
to a corresponding DC signal by a device permitting only unidirectional
current flow.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28+, | for systems for determining or selecting desired
pulses from a group of pulses by polarity and in which a rectifier
may be utilized. |
104, | for systems for converting from an AC input to a
corresponding DC voltage at an unloaded output and see the search
notes thereunder. |
336, | for integrating networks in which a rectifier may
be utilized. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 107 for pulse producing systems of the passive type
and utilizing rectification or derectification. |
315, | Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices:
Systems,
subclasses 200+ for discharge devices or rectifiers in the supply
circuit for gaseous tubes and subclass 272 for pulsating or AC supply
systems for gaseous tubes and including a rectifier in the control
circuit. |
|
| |
304 | With inductive device (e.g., transformer, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter which includes an element which has the property
of opposing current flow therethrough due to a resultant magnetic field.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, | Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for generic inductive devices. |
|
| |
305 | With gas tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter which incorporates an electron discharge
device where a small amount of gas is ionized to permit current
flow. |
| |
306 | Amplitude control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter wherein the amplitude of an input signal
waveform is modified, maintained, or regulated
to produce the desired output signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50+, | for voltage signal amplitude comparison (e.g., amplitude
responsive pulse selecting systems). |
90, | for systems wherein the output is a function of
the amplitude difference of two points on a wave. |
178, | for amplitude control systems of a pulse or rectangular
wave output. |
335, | for differentiating networks. |
336+, | for integrating networks. |
356+, | for the recited algebraic product of two input signals
which may be analogous to gain control circuits. |
551+, | for unwanted signal suppression and particularly
subclasses 552+ for such signal suppression provided by
an active filter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems,
subclasses 234+ for a power supply which is output level responsive. |
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 96 , 123, 127+, and
278+ for automatic signal level control or for amplitude
limiting of amplifier power supplies. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 182+ for amplitude control of oscillator output. |
332, | Modulators,
subclasses 149+ for amplitude modulation systems. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 14 for amplitude compression and expansion systems (i.e., companders) and
subclasses 15, 16, 17.1+, and
81+ for passive element attenuator systems for controlling
signal amplitude. |
348, | Television,
subclasses 571+ for amplitude control used in television receivers. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 234+ for automatic volume control systems used in radio
receivers. |
|
| |
307 | Baseline or DC offset correction: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the drift of a reference direct current
component of a signal is compensated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165+, | for rectangular or pulse waveform regeneration. |
178+, | for rectangular or pulse waveform amplitude control. |
|
| |
308 | Variable attenuator: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein an input signal amplitude is diminished
by an adjustable but typically unchanging factor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifying circuits, in
general. |
|
| |
309 | By limiting, clipping, or clamping: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein (a) the output
signal amplitude is constrained by a maximum allowed level, a
minimum allowed level or both or (b) the upper
or lower amplitude extreme of the output signal is maintained at
a particular level.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems,
subclasses 234+ for a power supply which is output level responsive. |
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 96 , 123, 127+, and
278+ for automatic signal level and gain control or amplitude
limiting of amplifier power supplies. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclasses 182+ for amplitude control of oscillator output. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 14 for amplitude compression and expansion systems (i.e., companders); and
subclasses 15, 16, 17.1+, and
81+ for passive element attenuator systems which control
signal amplitude. |
348, | Television,
subclasses 571+ for amplitude control such as limiting or clamping
in a television receiver. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclasses 34 , 60, and 99+ for noise reduction
in pulse code modulation, transmitters, and receivers
and subclass 98 for automatic gain control in receivers. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 218+ , 278+, 296+, and
501+ for noise or interference elimination in analog communication
and subclasses 234+ for attenuators and automatic gain control
circuits in receiver or analog modulated frequency converters. |
|
| |
310 | Transient or signal noise reduction: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter wherein the limiting, clipping, or
clamping lessens or eliminates an intermittent spuriously generated
component from a signal.
| (1)
Note. Recited noise override of the type associated
with gating or switching is classified with the gating or switching area
below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
379+, | for gating circuits having improvement of signal
transmission integrity or spurious noise override. |
551+, | for miscellaneous unwanted signal suppression. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 21+ for signal sensitivity enhancement or signal transmission integrity
in digital logic. |
361, | Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
subclasses 110 and 111 for transient protection in systems or devices. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclasses 34 , 51, 57, 58, 60, and
99+ for noise reduction in pulse code modulated systems, systems
using pulsating current, pulse transmitters, AC
or pulse systems or receivers. |
381, | Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and
Devices,
subclasses 13 , 83, 93, and 94.1+ for
noise or feedback suppression in audio systems. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 63.1 through 65, 114.1-114.3, 218-225, 278.1-279.1, 283-288, 296-312, and subclasses
501-506 for noise or interference elimination in analog
communication systems (e.g., transmitter
and receiver at separate stations or transceivers, etc.). |
704, | Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics, Language
Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclass 233 for detection of speech in noise. |
714, | Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclasses 761 through 763+, 781 and 788 for correcting
digital data errors caused by random or burst noise signals. |
|
| |
311 | By filtering: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Subject matter wherein the limiting, clipping or clamping
of a signal transient is provided by a circuit which offers little
opposition to some frequencies or DC while blocking or attenuating
other frequencies.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
329, | for tuned circuit limiters. |
552+, | for miscellaneous active filters which suppress
an unwanted signal. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, | Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 105 for harmonic filters and neutralizers other than
nonlinear active device types. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclasses 17.1+ through 20 for filters (usually passive) for
controlling amplitude, impedance matching, and
wave shaping; subclasses 24+ for passive wave
filters; and subclasses 213+ for active devices
determining passive filter characteristics. |
375, | Pulse or Digital Communications,
subclass 103 for filtering in receivers. |
455, | Telecommunications,
subclasses 296+ and 339 for noise or interference elimination and
for filter coupling or decoupling of stages in receiver or analog
modulated signal frequency converter systems. |
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 300+ for digital filters and subclass 819 for filtering
by an analog computer. |
|
| |
312 | By feedback limiting-clamping: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Subject matter wherein transient or signal noise reduction
is performed in a return path between an output terminal and an
input terminal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
316, | for feedback circuits to maintain a constant input-output
ratio relationship. |
323, | for feedback limiting-clamping circuits, in
general. |
332, | for amplitude output level control with feedback. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 75+ , 156, 258, 260, 265, 270, 271, 282, 290, and 291+ for
amplifiers with linear feedback. |
|
| |
314 | Using diode type nonlinear devices only: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Subject matter wherein the circuit includes one or more
two-terminal unidirectionally conductive devices as the
only type of active element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
312, | for feedback controlled limiting-clamping. |
318+, | for diode limiting, clipping, or
clamping in the input or output circuits. |
323, | for Schottky barrier feedback limiting-clamping
circuits. |
325, | for limiting, clipping, or clamping
in general which utilizes only diode devices. |
583, | for miscellaneous solid-state diode circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 130+ and 133+ for diode logic circuits. |
|
| |
315 | Providing constant input/output amplitude level
ratio: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter including maintenance of the ratio of the
input to output signal magnitudes to a fixed value.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
331+, | for amplitude control circuits which maintain a
constant level output. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 278+ for linear amplifier automatic signal level and
gain control and subclasses 96 and 123 for amplitude limiting of amplifier
power supplies in linear systems. |
|
| |
316 | By feedback control: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Subject matter wherein a circuit is controlled by a signal
returned along a path between an output terminal and an input terminal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
312, | for feedback limiting-clamping circuit for
reducing unwanted noise signals. |
323, | for feedback limiting-clamping circuits, per
se. |
|
| |
317 | Distortion compensation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter wherein an undesired waveform modification
is corrected or reduced by imposing amplitude constraints on the
waveform.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133, | for distortion control in a sawtooth or triangular
waveform. |
165+, | for regenerating or restoring a rectangular waveform. |
551+, | for miscellaneous unwanted signal suppression. |
|
| |
318 | In input or output circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter wherein the limiting, clipping, or
clamping device is a component of either a signal insertion or extraction
point of a circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
309+, | for limiting, clipping, or clamping
to control output wave shape characteristics, generally. |
310+, | for limiting, clipping, or clamping
to remove unwanted noise signals. |
|
| |
319 | For interstage coupling: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Subject matter wherein the limiting, clipping, or
clamping permits the joining of two or more circuit sections together.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
333, | for miscellaneous interstage coupling. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclass 62 for interface circuits for logic functions, per
se. |
|
| |
320 | Using diode: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter including one or more two-terminal
unidirectionally conductive devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
314, | for diodes used in shunt-type limiting, clipping, or
clamping for reducing unwanted noise signals. |
325+, | for limiting, clipping, or clamping
circuits, per se, which utilize only diodes. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for diverse types of diodes. |
|
| |
322 | Of output current: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Subject matter including apparatus which regulates the value
of the current in the output.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
540+, | for current regulating in a miscellaneous circuit
having a specific source of power supply or bias voltage. |
|
| |
323 | Feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter wherein a limiting, clipping, or clamping
structure is in a return path between an output terminal and an
input terminal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
312, | for feedback limiting, clipping, or clamping
in reducing unwanted noise signals. |
316, | for feedback circuits to maintain a constant input-output
ratio relationship. |
332, | for constant output amplitude control with feedback. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 75+ , 156, and 282+ for linear
feedback amplifiers. |
|
| |
324 | By using diverse-type nonlinear devices: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter wherein plural, unlike-in-kind, nonlinear
devices are utilized.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
310+, | for diverse-type limiting, clipping, or clamping
to reduce unwanted noise signals. |
318+, | for diverse-type limiting, clipping, or clamping
in either the input or output circuit. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers,
subclass 299 for combined diverse-type linear gain
semiconductor devices. |
|
| |
325 | Using only diode active elements: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter wherein the limiting, clipping, or
clamping utilizes a two-terminal unidirectionally conductive
device as the sole active circuit device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
314, | for diode shunt-type limiting, clipping, or
clamping to reduce unwanted noise signals. |
318+, | for diode limiting, clipping, or
clamping in the input or output circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistor, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for diverse types of diodes. |
|
| |
326 | Avalanche or negative resistance device (e.g., zener
diode, tunnel diode, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Subject matter wherein at least one of the diode elements
exhibits a sharp increase of current flow with increasing reverse
bias applied thereto or has an IV characteristic with a portion
where an increase in applied voltage results in a decrease of current
therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
310+, | for negative resistance device limiting, clipping, or
clamping which reduce transient noise signals. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistor, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for solid-state devices, per
se, and particularly
subclasses 603+ for avalanche diodes, per se. |
|
| |
327 | Using only transistor active elements: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter wherein the limiting, clipping, or
clamping utilizes a three or more terminal solid-state
device as the sole active circuit device type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
310+, | for limiting, clipping, or clamping
to reduce unwanted noise signals. |
315+, | for circuits providing constant input-output
ratio level. |
574+, | for special three or more electrode solid-state
devices and circuits, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes), appropriate subclasses for solid-state devices, per
se. |
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, appropriate subclasses for transistor logic circuit
arrangements. |
|
| |
328 | Field-effect type device: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Subject matter which includes a unipolar transistor in which
current carriers are injected at a source terminal and pass to a
drain terminal through a channel of semiconductor material whose
conductivity depends largely on an electrical field applied to the
semiconductor from a control electrode (gate).
| (1)
Note. In a unipolar transistor, the source to
drain current involves only one type of charge carrier (i.e., holes
in a p-type channel and electrons in an n-type
channel). |
| (2)
Note. Two types of FET structures are prevalent: (a) an
all-junction device, known as a junction FET or
JFET characterized by having heavily doped impurity regions of one
type (e.g., p-type material), known
as gate regions, on both sides of a second type semiconductor
bar (e.g., n+ type
material) to form a pn junction, and (b) a
device such as a MOSFET/IGFET, consisting of a
lightly doped substrate (e.g., p-type
material) into which two highly doped regions (e.g., n+ type
material) are diffused for forming source/drain
regions with the area therebetween becoming the channel for current
carriers (i.e., holes or electrons) and
with a layer of insulating material (e.g., SiO2) grown
over the channel surface for separating the channel from a control (i.e., gate) electrode. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51+, | for a sensing amplifier which may utilize an FET
bistable circuit. |
310+, | for controlled shunt-type limiting, clipping, or
clamping with one or more field-effect transistor devices
to reduce unwanted noise signals. |
581, | for field-effect device circuits, per
se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, | Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State
Diodes),
subclasses 213+ for field-effect devices, per
se. |
|
| |
329 | With tuned circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter including an inductive/capacitive
network having a particular resonant frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
532, | for power or bias supply systems with a wave filter. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, | Tuners, appropriate subclasses for radio wave tuning circuitry
and devices. |
|
| |
330 | With rectifier or nonlinear impedance: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Subject matter including a device converting alternating
current to direct current or an impedance where the voltage to current
ratio is not directly related.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104, | and 531, for systems with detector or rectifier. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
363, | Electric Power Conversion Systems,
subclasses 13+ for electrical power conversion rectifiers or inverters. |
|
| |
331 | Maintaining constant level output: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the amplitude of an output waveform
is kept at a fixed level independently of the amplitude of the input
waveform.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
315+, | for a circuit providing constant input/output
amplitude level ratio. |
|
| |
332 | With feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Subject matter wherein a correction voltage is returned
from an output circuit to a control electrode in the input.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
131, | for systems utilizing cathode feedback. |
185, | and 590+, for tube systems with
feedback. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, | Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclasses 75+ , 156, 258, 260, 265, 270, 271, 282, 290, and 291+ for
amplifiers with linear feedback. |
|
| |
333 | Interstage coupling (e.g., level
shift, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein interconnection of two diverse circuits
having different ranges of acceptable signal values is made possible.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry,
subclasses 62+ for logic interface circuits. |
|
| |
334 | SPECIFIC INPUT TO OUTPUT FUNCTION: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein an output is proportional to a nonlinear
mathematical expression of an input signal.
| (1)
Note. Characteristically the input signal is continuous
and slowly varying with the output signal usually bearing a mathematical
relationship to it. |
| (2)
Note. Boolean algebra functions and linear amplifiers
are excluded from this subclass. |
| (3)
Note. The input signals in this subclass do not
contain information (data) of any kind.
For data processing, see Search Class below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1+, | for discriminating systems. |
560, | for nonlinear amplifying circuits. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
326, | Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry, appropriate subclasses for Boolean algebra functions. |
330, | Amplifiers,
subclasses 250+ for semiconductor linear amplifiers, per
se. |
341, | Coded Data Generation or Conversion,
subclasses 138+ for nonlinear analog to digital conversion. |
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 200+ for digital computation and subclasses 801+ for
analog computation. |
|
| |
335 | By differentiating: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein the output signal is proportional
to the instantaneous rate of change of the input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1+, | for signal discriminating (e.g., comparing
or selecting) without subsequent control and particularly subclasses
14+ for signal slope comparing or selecting. |
336+, | for signal integrating. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclass 443 for a digital computer adapted to perform a differentiation
on an input and subclass 822 for an analog computer adapted to perform
a differentiation on an input. |
|
| |
336 | By integrating: |
| Subject matter under 334 wherein the output signal is proportional
to a time integral function of the input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14+, | for systems wherein the rate of change of an input
signal is detected. |
100+, | for wave conversion or shaping systems which may
include differentiating or integrating means. |
131+, | for systems producing a sawtooth output utilizing
integration or differentiation. |
335, | for input signal differentiation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
subclasses 141 , 456+, 609+, 621+, and
702 for a motor control network involving differentiation or integration. |
323, | Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation
Systems,
subclasses 212 through 219for miscellaneous phase control networks which
involve differentiating or integrating networks. |
331, | Oscillators,
subclass 17 for systems with means for the automatic frequency
control of an oscillator and involving integrating networks. |
333, | Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
subclass 19 for a passive network performing differentiation
or integration and being of general utility. |
388, | Electricity: Motor Control Systems, cross-reference art collections 900+ for
motor control systems including integration circuits. |
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 823+ for an analog computer adapted to perform an integration
function. |
|
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337 | Having switched capacitance: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter wherein the time integral function is determined
by a particular capacitor arrangement which is variable dependent
upon a connect/disconnect path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365+, | for gating of an input signal between input and
output. |
554, | for an adjustable filter utilizing a switched capacitive
arrangement. |
|
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338 | With thermionic tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter including an electron tube which ejects electrons
by elevating the temperature of the tube cathode. |
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339 | With summing or counting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter wherein (a) a signal is
produced that represents a weighted sum of the input signal or (b) a
device is incremented or decremented at discrete intervals upon
receipt of the input signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
361, | for miscellaneous summing circuits. |
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340 | Single vacuum tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter including only one device with sealed envelope
which controls the flow of electrons between spaced electrodes through
a fully or partially evacuated space. |
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341 | With compensation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter wherein an integration circuit is maintained
in its normal operating state or offsets any undesirable changes
in its circuitry. |
| |
342 | With transducer: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter including a device that converts energy forms (other
than electrical) into an electrical energy signal.
| (1)
Note. The other energy forms may be mechanical, thermal, hydraulic, chemical, etc. | |
| |
343 | With rectifier circuit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter including a device that converts alternating
current to direct current.
| (1)
Note. A rectifier circuit may be used prior to integrating
the input signal. | |
| |
345 | Having feedback: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter wherein a portion of the output signal is
returned to an input.
| (1)
Note. The feedback may be used to adjust the time
constant of the time integral function. | |
| |
346 | Exponential: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein the output signal is proportional
to an input signal that is raised to a particular algebraic power.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
350+, | for logarithmic functions. |
|
| |
347 | Square root: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 346. Subject matter wherein the output signal is proportional
to the input signal raised to the power of one half. |
| |
348 | RMS: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter wherein the output signal is proportional
to the square root of the average of the squares of the input signal
taken throughout one period.
| (1)
Note. For example, in a sine wave, this value
is 0.707 times the peak value of the input waveform. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104, | for conversion of an AC signal to a corresponding
DC signal at an unloaded output. |
|
| |
349 | Square function: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 346. Subject matter wherein the output signal is proportional
to the input signal raised to the power of two or a multiple of
two.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
356+, | for the determination of the product of two inputs, in
general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclass 606 and 808 for the evaluation of powers by a digital
or analog electrical calculating computer, respectively. |
|
| |
350 | Logarithmic: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein the output signal is proportional
to an inverse exponential function of the input signal.
| (1)
Note. Function generators for producing internal
logarithmic functions in analog computers are found elsewhere. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
346, | for producing exponential functions. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclass 805 for selective visual display systems having specified
waveform generators coupled to a display. |
708, | Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing
and Calculating,
subclasses 512 and 517 for digital computer manipulation of operands
having a logarithmic format and subclass 851 for analog computer
generated logarithmic function signals. |
|
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351 | With cascade network: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Subject matter including an arrangement of two or more similar
circuits or stages in which an output of one circuit provides an
input to the next circuit.
| (1)
Note. Function generators for producing internal
logarithmic functions in analog computers are found elsewhere. | |
| |
352 | With summing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Subject matter wherein an output signal is produced that
represents the algebraic sum of applied input signals. |
| |
353 | With vacuum tube: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Subject matter including a device with sealed envelope which
controls the flow of electrons between spaced electrodes through
a fully or partially evacuated space. |
| |
354 | Absolute value: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein an output signal is proportional
to the negative of an input signal, if the input signal
is negative, and is proportional to an input signal, if
the input signal is positive.
| (1)
Note. Usually, the output to input magnitude
ratio is unity. | |
| |
355 | Combining of plural signals: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter wherein the output is a resultant function
of mathematically operating on two or more input signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
|