SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION
This is the generic class for:
1. METAL* CASTING - Process and/or apparatus
for shaping of fluid metallic material.
2. MOLD MAKING - Process and/or apparatus, per se, for
shaping of fluent material to produce a forming surface to carry
out in METAL* CASTING, supra.
3. PATTERN MAKING - Process and/or apparatus for shaping
a fluent material to produce a form or pattern to be used in MOLD
MAKING, supra.
4. PRODUCT TREATING - Process and/or apparatus for
treating, mixing, or mechanically working the metallic material
while molding or while the metallic material is in a mold, i.e.,
while carrying out an operation of METAL* CASTING, supra.
5. OTHER - Process and/or apparatus not elsewhere provided
for to perfect or effect METAL*CASTING or MOLD MAKING,
supra.
*Throughout this class, the term "metal" is
to include pure metal, metal alloys and inter-metallic compounds.
AMPLIFIED STATEMENT OF CLASS SUBJECT MATTER.
This class in general provides for the foundry operations including
from those of making the molds and patterns to those of casting
a final metal product. These operations, particularly that of casting
the metal, do not have to be limited to a foundry operation in the
locational sense; but may be performed in any physical location, e.g.,
cast-welding rail ends in the field.
The metal casting of this class involves the shaping of a free
flowing liquid metal and as such is distinguished from other forms
of metal deformation such as metal bending, forging, billet extrustion,
etc., where the metal is never free flowing. Also a shaping surface
is required for placement in the class. For example, forming metal by
a shot tower will be found elsewhere. The shaping surface, though,
may remain as part of the final product. (See References to Other
Classes, below).
The mold making procedures provided for in this class are
generally of the sand shaping type although any fluent material
is included such as metal, plaster of paris, ceramic materials and
synthetic plastics. There molds so formed are limited to use in
metal casting operations and are not of general utility. Making
molds by shaping of solid materials are found in the particular
shaping classes except where the operation is combined with a subsequent
metal casting step; in such a case, the operation is provided for
in this class.
The pattern making procedures provided for in this class are
those of shaping a fluent material such as wax and other plastic
materials. Shaping a pattern from solid material such as by cutting
from wood are provided for in this class only when followed by a
further foundry operation such as forming a sand mold by using the
pattern.
The metal product treating operations provided for in this
class are those that are performed in conjunction with a metal casting
operation. Alloying of metals while pouring the metal into a mold
or while the metal is in a mold is provided for in this class.
Any reshaping of the metal while in the mold such as cutting, or
solid deforming are provided for in this class. Also, particularly
in the case of a continuously casting operation, the rolling or
bending of the continuously cast product (where the casting is also
claimed) is provided for herein if some of the contiguous product
is still in the mold.
Other miscellaneous adjuncts which are used to perfect a foundry
operation are provided for in this class if there is not a specific
class which provides for the subject matter. The main items of
this type are flasks, mold jackets, strippers, and core supporting
devices, e.g., chaplets. See Subclass References to the Current
Class, below.
SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
A. MOLDING PROCESS AND APPARATUS CLASSES
1. Molds Without Structure.
A mold recited only by composition with no structure recited
will go to the appropriate composition class. See References to
Other Classes, below.
Patents wherein all the claims are limited to a mold mentioned
by name only with no structure recited and defined only in terms
of the composition of individual layers are classified in the appropriate
composite layer class. (See References to Other Classes, below.)
2. Metal
Class 249 provides for molds of a static character for metal
shaping. Generally any mold having a dynamic feature of the feature
of the following list is included in this class (164):
(a) A mold combined with means or pressing molding material
within the mold.
(b) A mold combined with a cover having projections penetrating
into the fluent hardenable material upon movement of the cover to
its operative position.
(c) A mold combined with means for moving the mold from one
side to another.
(d) A mold formed of separable and unconnected parts combined
with means to individually handle each part for assembly.
(e) A mold provided with a core or ejector combined with
a machine-type means for actuating the core or ejector.
(f) A mold combined with means to position the work relative
to the mold and which means functions to release the work to permit
it to fall in the mold.
(g) A mold or core combined with means for creating differential
pressure within the mold or core for dynamically shaping a molding
material.
(h) A mold combined with means for feeding material thereto,
except that a mold with an integral funnel element or a mold so
modified to provide structure especially designed for supporting
a feeding means, is classified in Class 249.
(i) A mold and means to vibrate the mold.
(j) A segmented female mold or core, e.g., tunnel type, etc.,
and power means, i.e., motor to move the segments to inoperative
or operative position.
(k) Continuous or semi-continuous forming apparatus.
Also, Class 249 provides for all static molds for metal shaping
except for molds made of sand or a similar particulate material
which is found in this class (164). See Subclass References to
the Current Class, below, for a subclass reference for mold made
of sand or a similar particulate material. A mold which by claim
or disclosure can be either sand or metal will be found in Class 249.
Combinations of sand and metal molds or cores are provided for
in this class (164) as are sand (only) mold adjuncts (such as a
metal chill).
Classes 264 and 425 provide for processes and apparatus respectively
for metal shaping by liquid or melt comminuting. In this operation
no mold is employed by the particles are shaped by the cohesive
nature of the material, e.g., solidifying of a molten metal to a
round ball while in free fall.
Molding processes and apparatus for metal powders are found
in Class 419 (processes with sintering), Class 264 (compacting processes),
and Class 425 (particle compositioning apparatus). In these powder
metallurgical operations, the particles retain their identity as
particles in the product. If they were completely fused, such operations
would be provided for in this class (164).
Processes and apparatus for deforming metal are provided for
elsewhere. (See References to Other Classes, below.)
Processes and apparatus for casting metal to form either single
type or type-bars that are adapted to be set up as a printing form
are provided for elsewhere. This class (164) provides for processes
and apparatus for casting stereotype plates. (See References to
Other Classes, below)
Processes of casting and molding material wherein a semiconductor
junction device or material is produced by claim or disclosure are
provided for elsewhere. (See References to Other Classes, below).
3. Nonmetallic Materials
Class 249, Static Molds, provides for static molds for the
general process of molding nonmetallic materials of Class 264, Plastic
and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes, while Class
425, provides for the dynamic molding apparatus. A claim or, if
not claimed, a disclosure of molding either metals or nonmetals
will be classified in the nonmetallic class. A combination of a
nonmetallic operation followed by an operation of this class (164)
will be found in this class (164). An operation of this class (164)
followed by an operation of a nonmetallic shaping class will be
found in the nonmetallic shaping class, i.e., Classes 264 and 425.
Class 65 provides generally for processes of molding glass.
A patent disclosing working of named materials for this class (164)
and Class 65 is classified in this class (164) unless the only species
claimed is glass or the only specific example relates to glass in
which case the patent is classified in Class 65. Combined processes including
metal casting and glass working and/or treating are classified
in this class (164).
B. COMPOSITION CLASSES
For placement of patents reciting a mold by name only see
Molding Process and Apparatus Classes, Molds Without Structure,
above.
1. Metallic
Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, provides for a process of refining combined
with a Class 164 process (significant or nominal). Class 420, Alloys or
Metallic Compositions, provides for a process of alloying followed
by casting where the alloying or refining step is either (1) prior
to or (2) subsequent to the casting operation, i.e., removed from
mold. This class (164) provides for apparatus for alloying or refining combined
with casting apparatus where the alloying or refining is performed
prior to or during casting. The term metal is utilized throughout
the class to encompass free metal alloy or intermetallic compound
as designated in Classes 75 and 420.
The order of superiority among various metal, alloy, and metal
stock areas and methods of manufacture involving them is as follows:
1. Class 419, Powder Metallurgy Processes.
2. Class 148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 22+, compositions
for treatment of solid metal.
3. Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 300, 301, and 303+,
gaseous, liquid, or solid treating compositions for liquid metal
or charges, and subclass 302, welding rod defined by composition.
4. Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 228+, consolidated
metal powder compositions and subclasses 255+, loose metal
particulate mixtures.
5. Class 420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, claimed as
products.
6. Class 148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 95-122, 194-287,
and 500-714, in class schedule order, providing for certain processes
of treating solid or semi-solid metal by modifying or maintaining
internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical properties
of metal, processes of reactive coating of metal or processes of chemical-heat
removing (e.g., flame-cutting, etc.) or burning of metal. However,
if metal casting, fusion bonding, machining, or working is involved,
there is a requirement of significant heat treatment as described
in the Class 148 class definition.
7. Class 148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 33+ barrier layer
stock material and subclasses 400+, stock.
8. Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclassses 331+, processes
of making solid particulate alloys directly from liquid metal and
subclasses 343+, processes of producing purifying alloys
in powder form.
9. Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 10.1+ and 10.67,
processes of making alloys by electrothermic, electromagnetic, or
electrostatic processes.
10. Class 420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, processes
of manufacture.
11. Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 330+, processes
of making metal and processes of treating liquid metals and liquid
alloys and consolidating metalliferous material.
12. Class 204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, processes.
13. Class 164, Metal Founding, subclasses 1+, processes.
14. Class 266, Metallurgical Apparatus, subclasses 44+, processes
of operating metallurgical apparatus.
This list is not complete and may be added to as the proper
relationship of other areas is determined.
2. Nonmetallic
This class (164) provides for a process of shaping, per se,
of a mold, pattern or core device which is to be utilized in a metal
casting operation, where there are significant shaping steps recited.
The line with the various chemical composition classes and this
class (164) is the same generally as that set forth in Class 264,
Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Chemical Composition
Classes. Clarification as to some of the technology peculiar to
this class and any departures from the line set forth in Class 264
will be set forth below.
These lines are generally applicable where there is a mixing
or blending of the mold, pattern or core composition recited to
take place prior to the mold-step or a chemical reaction during
the molding step. Where there is no claimed disclosure as to a
chemical reaction, mixing or blending the patent is classified in
this class even when only nominal shaping is recited.
Unless otherwise provided for, the recitation in a claim of
a significant molding or shaping step will bring a patent to this
class. Significant molding operations include named shaping by compaction,
centrifugal force, spraying or slinging material against a shaping surface,
or extruding of mold materials to form a shaping surface, and combinations
of two or more broad molding or shaping steps and other combinations
as set forth in Class 264.
Patents reciting physical or mechanical treatment subsequent
to a broad molding step, e.g., shaping or molding broadly plus cutting
or removing of excess mold material or heating subsequent to removal
of a shaped article from forming surface to complete the cure will
be placed in this class. Mere stripping alone or nominal return
to ambient temperature is not considered to be an after treatment
or a subsequent treatment within the scope outlined above.
C. COMPOSITE ARTICLE FORMING CLASSES
1. Coating
The distinction between coating a metal onto a base for Class
118 or Class 427 and casting a metal onto the base for this class
is predicated upon the presence of confining means for the molten
metal as it solidifies on the base. If the melt is confined in all
directions on the base against the force of gravity it is considered
a process or apparatus appropriate for this class. The confining
means may be structural dams, previously solidified casting material,
or part of the base itself.
Also, if a metal layer is formed in a mold and another layer
coated on the initial layer while it is still in a mold the operation
is considered molding of plural layers for this class rather than
coating since the operation takes place in a mold.
2. Fusion Bonding
This class (164) provides for a process and apparatus for joining
two or more preforms or portions of the same preform, where (a)
a removable mold member is used and (b) the molten metallic material
is confined in all directions against the force of gravity (hole
filling is considered a joining of portions). Fusion bonding therefor,
not meeting the above limitation, is classified elsewhere. Processes
and apparatus for bonding or welding by means of electric heating
are also provided for elsewhere. (See References to Other Classes,
below.)
SEARCH NOTES
Only a limited amount of cross-referencing and cross-noting
has been done between process and apparatus subclasses where the
subject matter provides for is of comparable scope. One is cautioned
therefore, to utilize both the process and apparatus sections of
the schedule when determining fields of search.
SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
349+, | for mold made of sand or a similar particulate material. |
374+, | for flasks. |
394+, | for mold jackets. |
397+, | for core supporting devices, e.g., chaplets. |
401+, | for strippers. |
SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, | Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate subclasses for apparatus for freeing casting
of residual sand, especially
subclass 94 and 304. |
29, | Metal Working, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclasses 527.1+ for processes involving casting and additional
treatment of the casting after it is removed from the mold. This class
(164) provides for operation of preparing, e.g., coating, cutting,
shaping by deforming, etc., a preform for a casting operation where the
preform is the casting metal or a part of a final composite product,
or removing a portion of the preform after the casting operation where
the removal was to perfect the casting operation, e.g., position
preform during compositing. See also Class 29, subclasses 526.2+ for
processes of separation or localization of as-cast defects in ingots
(e.g., anti-pipe). Also, see Lines With Other Classes and Within
This Class, A, Molding Process and Apparatus Classes and C, Composite
Article Forming Classes, supra. |
34, | Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate subclasses for, per se, drying of a formed
mold, and especially
subclass 437 for processes of treating hollow articles or articles held
in or on forms. |
53, | Package Making,
subclass 423 for packing operations including the step of confining
a fluid material so as to form a closure seal by solidification. |
59, | Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making, appropriate subclasses for processes and apparatus for
making chains in which some manufacturing operation more than casting
and joining is involved. |
65, | Glass Manufacturing, provides generally for processes of molding glass.
(See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, A, Molding
Process And Apparatus Classes, above.) |
72, | Metal Deforming, for processes and apparatus for deforming metal. The metal
is in a self-sustaining conditioning during the formation. It may
be "plastic" but it is not liquid (i.e., seeks its
own level under the force of gravity).
subclasses 253.1+ provides for forming by extruding through an orifice.
The metal stock may be supplied to the feed chamber in the form
of a liquid as a convenient way of handling a charge, but the charge
must be solidified before it is forced through a die for placement
in Class 72. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
A, Molding Process and Apparatus Classes, above.) |
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclasses 228+ for metal stock, blanks, or indeterminate articles.
(Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Molding Process
and Apparatus Classes, above.) |
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses depending upon the metal
produced for combined processes involving refining operations where
not performed in the mold or while teeming into mold. See Lines
With Other Classes and Within This Class, Molding Process and Apparatus
Classes and see Metallic, supra. |
100, | Presses, appropriate subclasses for apparatus for pressing
particulate material. |
106, | Compositions: Coating or Plastic,
subclasses 38.2+ for compositions which are (a) specialized for
use in making molds, (b) specialized for use in coating molds, or,
(c) molds claimed solely in terms of the composition of which they
are composed. Also, see Lines With Other Classes and Within This
Class, A, Molding Process and Apparatus Classes, and B, Composition
Classes, supra. |
118, | Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for apparatus for coating
molds where no more of the casting apparatus is claimed than is
necessary to present the mold to the coating device or station.
Also, see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Composite
Article Forming Classes, supra. |
134, | Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate subclasses for methods of freeing castings
of residual sand only, where the cleaning is effected by contact
with a liquid. See
subclasses 22.1 through 24for processes of cleaning the internal surfaces
of hollow work and subclasses 166+ for corresponding apparatus. |
140, | Wireworking, for process and apparatus for making wire containing
products in which some wireworking operation more than composite
casing or joining is involved. |
148, | Metal Treatment, particularly
subclasses 538+ for combined processes of casting and significant
heat treatment after removal from the mold or shaping surface to
modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure)
or chemical property of metal. See the Class 148 Class Definition
to determine what constitutes significant heat treatment. In continuous
casting operations, wherein the contiguous product is still connected
to the casting surface, a step involving significant heat treatment
of the solid or semi-solid metal which occurs outside or away from
the molding surface goes to Class 148. However, chemical heat removing
(e.g., flame-cutting, etc.) or burning (i.e., oxidation) of a continuously
cast metal goes to Class 164, if some of the continuously cast and
contiguous product is connected to the shaping surface. Cutting
operations, in the mold, goes to Class 164. See, particularly Class
148, subclasses 194+ for processes of chemical-heat removing
(e.g., flame cutting) or burning (i.e., oxidizing) of metal; subclasses 100+ for
combined processes involving casting followed by intentional alteration
of the magnetic properties of the casting after removal from the
mold. |
163, | Needle and Pin Making, for processes and apparatus for making needles and
pins in which some manufacturing operation more than metal casting
is involved. |
199, | Type Casting, for processes and apparatus for casting metal to
form either single type or type-bars that are adapted to be set
up as a printing form. This class (164) provides for processes and
apparatus for casting stereotype plates. (See Lines With Other
Classes and Within This Class, A, Molding Process and Apparatus Classes,
above.) |
219, | Electric Heating, for processes and apparatus for bonding and welding
by means of electric heating. |
222, | Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for ladles, crucibles, or
other metal containers having dispensing structure such as a pouring
lip or spout. |
228, | Metal Fusion Bonding, for fusion bonding. |
241, | Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, appropriate subclasses for processes and apparatus
for disintegrating a mold or core not associated with a flask or
casting. |
249, | Static Molds, see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
Molding Process and Apparatus Classes, supra. |
252, | Compositions, see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
Molding Process and Apparatus Classes, supra. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, appropriate subclasses for similar processes of molding
and shaping nonmetallic materials especially
subclasses 219+ for processes of mold making. See Class Definition,
Amplified Statement Of Class Subject Matter, supra., and Lines With
Other Classes and Within This Class, Molding Process and Apparatus,
and Composition Classes, supra. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, for process for forming metal by a shot tower.
(See Class Definition, Amplified Statement Of Class Subject Matter, supra.) |
266, | Metallurgical Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for apparatus adapted for the treatment of
metals particularly
subclasses 168+ for apparatus for melting or otherwise treating molten
metal and subclasses 275+ for molten metal receptacles. |
269, | Work Holders, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclasses 86+ for a clamp means, per se, even if a mold or flask
is named as the article held. |
373, | Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate subclasses for electric furnaces such
as arc, induction and resistance furnaces. |
417, | Pumps, appropriate subclasses for pumps, per se, for molten
metal. |
420, | Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate subclasses depending upon the metal
value utilized for combined processes involving alloying operations
where not performed in the mold or while teeming into the mold.
Also, see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Molding
Process And Apparatus Classes, and Composition Classes, supra. |
423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
A, Molding Process and Apparatus, supra. |
425, | Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
A, Molding Process and Apparatus Classes, above. |
425, | Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, for apparatus for forming metal by a shot tower.
(See Class Definition, Amplified Statement Of Class Subject Matter,
supra.) |
427, | Coating Processes,
subclasses 133+ for a process of coating a mold. |
428, | Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 411.1+ and 615+ for nonmetallic and metallic
composites, respectively, defined in terms of the composition of
its components. (Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
A, Molding Process and Apparatus Classes, above.) |
433, | Dentistry, appropriate subclasses for methods and apparatus
which effect specific dental steps (e.g., taking impressions of
teeth, trial filling, etc.). |
438, | Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process, for processes of casting and molding material wherein
a semiconductor junction device or material is produced by claim
or disclosure. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
A, Molding Process And Apparatus Classes, above.) |
451, | Abrading, for a method or apparatus for disintegrating a sand
mold or for cleaning a casting by an abrading operation. |
520, | Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, (see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
A, Molding Process And Apparatus Classes, above.) |
SECTION V - GLOSSARY
ADDITION AGENT
In founding, any material, including principal alloying constituents,
densifiers, fluidizers, graphitizers, grain size controllers, etc.,
added to the molten metal to produce specific effects in the solid
metal.
CAPPING
Intentionally stopping the rimming action in steel after completion
of teeming.
CARBURIZING (Carbonizing)
Introducing carbon into ferrometals by heating above the
transformation temperature range while in contact with carbonaceous
material that may be solid, liquid, or gaseous.
CASTING
The formation of an article by pouring or forcing molten metal
into a mold or die and permitting it to solidify.
CHAPLET
A device for holding a core in place.
CHEEK
The intermediate part of a flask or mold that has more than
two parts.
CHILL
A piece of metal applied to the casting to hasten the solidification
in that area.
CONTINUOUS CASTING
Process of forming a product of indeterminate length wherein
a portion of the product is removed from a forming mold or surface
as a further contiguous portion is cast.
CONTINUOUS CASTING STRAND
Semi-solidified product of a continuous casting process or
apparatus comprising a generally molten center contained within
a cooler solidified shell.
COPE
The upper or topmost section of a flask, mold, or pattern.
CORE
A separable part of a mold that is used to create openings
and various shaped cavities in the casting.
CORE BOX
A box or container in which foundry cores are made.
CORE PRINT
A special projection on a pattern for forming impressions
or core seats in the mold into which the core itself is inserted.
Also refers to the projection on the core itself which fits into
the core seat.
DRAFT
The taper that is provided on otherwise verticle faces
of a pattern to facilitate its removal from the sand mold.
DRAG
The lower or bottom section of a flask, mold, or pattern.
Also referred to as nowel.
DRAW BAR
A bar used for lifting the pattern from the sand of the mold.
DROSS
The scum that forms on the surface of molten metals.
FLASH
A thin film of metal formed on a casting where the metal
has flowed between mating parts of the mold.
FLASK
A box, usually of metal or wood, used to hold sand in which
a mold is formed.
FLUX
(1) A substance that, by chemical action, promotes fusion
of a solid material.
(2) A material capable of forming with gangue or other earthy
matter, a liquid melt having the fusibility and chemical characteristics
suitable to a specific furnace process. Also, protective flux to
retard undesirable reactions.
GAGGER
A piece of metal used to support sand in deep pockets
of sand molds.
GATE
The end of the runner where the molten metal enters the mold.
HOT-TOP
An insulated portion of a mold that retains metal molten in
that area so that it can feed into the mold and alleviate shrinkage
voids.
INCLUSIONS
Particles of dirt, slag or other impurities occurring
in metals that were mechanically entrapped during solidification.
INGOT
An open-mold casting that is intended for remelting and recasting
or reworking to form finished products. Also referred to as billet.
INGOT MOLD
A heavy mold, usually of cast iron, into which molten metal
is teemed, as in the casting of ingots.
INVESTMENT PATTERN
A pattern of a material having a low melting point for use
in processes employing special techniques such as precision casting
where pattern withdrawal would be difficult.
MATCH PLATE PATTERN
A pattern plate with several patterns secured thereto
or a plate having matching pattern portions mounted on opposite
sides.
MELT
Metal that has been melted in preparation for casting.
NOWEL
See Drag.
PATTERN
A replica of an object to be cast and around which the mold
is constructed.
PATTERN PLATE
A board to which patterns are to be attached and which extends
substantially over the flask opening.
PIPE
A cavity formed in metal during the solidification of
the last portion of liquid metal, causing by contraction.
PREFORMED PRODUCT PART
A self-sustaining body which is to be incorporated in
the final product as a distinct part of the same (e.g., insert, etc.).
RAMMING
The operation of compacting sand into a sand mold and around
a pattern.
RISER
A reservoir of molten metal provided for feeding into
a casting as the metal in the mold solidifies thus preventing voids.
SAND MOLD
A mold made of sand and used for the making of sand castings.
A green sand mold is a mold used as made without any drying operations
and contains the original moisture of the mix.
SAND TEMPERING
Adding moisture to molding sand to make it workable.
SCAVENGER
A chemically active material added to molten metal to remove
oxides, gases, or other impurities.
SEGREGATION
The occurrence of impurities, inclusions, and alloying constituents
in nonuniform distribution.
SHELL MOLDING
A casting process utilizing a thin shell composed of resin-bonded
sand for the cope and drag section of the mold.
SINGLE CRYSTAL
A metallic mass that consists of a single crystallographic
grain instead of the usual polycrystalline material.
SLAG
The nonmetallic product of refining metal ores which results
from the reaction of the flux with gangue.
SPRUE
Gates and risers of a mold assembly; the hole through which
molten metal enters the mold; also, the waste portion attached to
the product.
STOOL
The separable base of an ingot mold. The base provides a
surface onto which the mold is placed, and also serves as the bottom
of the mold.
SWEEP
A small section of a regular pattern which is generally rotated
in sand to provide the whole mold cavity.
TEEMING
Pouring metal into a mold.
VENT
Small opening in a mold to allow trapped air to escape.
SUBCLASSES
1 | PROCESS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Methods.
| (1)
Note. Many of these subclasses have corresponding apparatus
subclasses, therefore, a complete search may involve apparatus
subclasses, which subclasses start at subclass 139 and continue to
end of the class. | |
| |
2 | Printing plate (e.g., stereotype, etc.) forming: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process directed to forming a surface capable of conveying
intelligence or a design by reproducing in printed form.
| (1)
Note. Included herein is the combination of forming the mat
or matrix and casting of metal thereagainst to form a plate. |
| (2)
Note. The step of applying a backup member to a preformed
printing plate is not considered forming a printing plate to be
incorporated herein. This operation is found in the composite article forming
area, i.e., subclasses 91+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91+, | for processes of producing composite printing plates
by casting backup metal to a preformed printing surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclass 21 for processes of finishing (cutting, grooving, etc.)
stereotype plates. |
199, | Type Casting, appropriate subclasses for processes of casting
elements or bars of a printing form. |
205, | Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,
subclass 69 for processes of electroforming printing plates. |
249, | Static Molds, for static stereotype molds, particularly
subclass 138 for pivotable type stereotype molds. |
409, | Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing,
subclass 309 for a planing operation performed on a concave
surface such as a stereotype plate. |
|
| |
3 | Utilizing pressure application: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Process wherein a dynamic pressure, e.g., vacuum, pneumatic,
hydraulic, etc., is directly applied to a molten metal to shape
the same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61+, | for processes of vacuum forming. |
113+, | for pressure casting of articles in general. |
|
| |
4.1 | With measuring, testing, inspecting, or condition determination: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process which includes the step of visually, audibly, or
chemically testing, sampling, or inspecting, or otherwise physically
or mechanically determining some variable condition in a cast article,
molding material, mold structure, or casting surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150.1+, | for metal casting apparatus provided with inspection
means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 407.01+ for processes of testing or indicating in a mechanical
manufacturing operation. |
65, | Glass Manufacturing,
subclasses 29.1+ and 29.12+ for processes of testing, inspecting,
measuring, or condition determination in a glass forming or molding
operation. |
73, | Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for measuring or testing operations,
per se. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 40.1 for processes of measuring, testing or inspecting
in a plastic molding operation. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses, for processes of electrical
measuring and testing. |
374, | Thermal Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for measuring or testing
of a thermal quantity, per se. |
436, | Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing, for processes of chemical testing. |
|
| |
5 | Including recycling of process material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process in which excess material in the form of flash, trim,
rejected products or used mold materials resulting from an intermittent
or continuous process or treating materials therefor, are recycled
or reused in the molding operation with or without purification,
reclamation or separation of the desired constituents from contaminants.
| (1)
Note. To be placed herein, a patent must recite a recycling
of material employed previously in the mold making or casting process. |
| (2)
Note. The use of scrap or worn materials employed in commerce
are not considered to involve a recycling step. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
92.1, | for processes of repairing or restoring articles
for use. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 37.1+ for processes of recycling of reclaimed or purified
process material utilized in a nonmetallic molding operation. |
|
| |
6 | Shaping a forming surface (e.g., mold making, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process which includes the step of producing by shaping
(1) a mold, pattern or core device either as a, per se, operation
by a method within the definition of this class or (2) in combination
with a step of employing said mold or core device in the production
of a cast product by a process classifiable in this class in which latter
instance the mold or core device may be formed by methods provided
elsewhere.
| (1)
Note. Also included herein is the shaping of a mold to be
used in nonmetal molding of fluent or flowable materials if such
shaping is performed on fluent metallic material. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138, | for casting processes employing particular shaping
surface material. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, | Compositions: Coating or Plastic,
subclasses 38.2+ for particular mold compositions. |
144, | Woodworking,
subclasses 329+ for a method of wood shaping. |
205, | Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,
subclass 70 for processes of electroforming dies. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 219+ for processes of mold forming including sand molds
for nonmetallic shaping. |
|
| |
7.1 | Utilizing a vacuum during shaping: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process in which a less than ambient pressure is employed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61+, | for processes of utilizing a vacuum in shaping metallic
material. |
160.1+, | for casting apparatus provided with means to shape
a forming surface in the form of a shielding film. |
|
| |
7.2 | To apply consumable shielding film to shaping surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 7.1. Process wherein an impervious consumable membrane is adhered
onto a particulate shaping surface by a vacuum.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
160.2, | for casting apparatus provided with means to apply
film or suction directly to mold material with a shielding film. |
|
| |
8 | Utilizing a frozen mercury pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process wherein a destructible pattern formed of frozen
mercury is utilized in the shaping operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34+, | for processes of employing destructible patterns
in general. |
|
| |
9 | Final product part or material, utilized in forming or
included in shaping member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process directed to (1) shaping the forming surface utilizing
the material which is to be ultimately cast as the pattern or preform
member, or (2) shaping the forming surface wherein a preform member
which is to be integrated in the material to be cast as a final
product is embedded in the mold material during the shaping or forming
thereof.
| (1)
Note. The product part in (2) above to be included herein
must be one which is individually handled. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23+, | for a process of forming a composite plural part
or multi-layered mold. |
91+, | for, per se, processes of embedding a preform member
in the cast metal. |
231, | for core shaping apparatus with means for positioning
a preform part which is to be incorporated in the final cast product. |
236, | for a pattern member with means for holding a preform
part which is to be incorporated in the final cast product. |
332+, | for apparatus for shaping metallic material including
means to position a preform part. |
|
| |
10 | Utilizing plural preform bodies: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Process wherein plural preform bodies, i.e., final product
part or material, are utilized in forming or included in the shaping
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
108, | for process of uniting plural preforms. |
|
| |
12 | Setting or hardening shaping surface by igniting mold surface
or by utilizing a forced gaseous medium: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process directed to fixing or hardening a formed shaping
surface by (1) igniting and burning the mold surface prior to pouring
the casting or (2) by forcibly directing an inert gaseous medium
against the shaping surface.
| (1)
Note. The gaseous hardening agent to be included herein cannot
chemically react with the mold materials. |
| (2)
Note. The gaseous hardening agent must be under a positive
pressure application to be included herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16, | for process of hardening a shaping surface by treating
with a chemically reactive gas. |
|
| |
13 | Shaping plate type pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process directed to shaping pattern which is or is intended
to be attached to a pattern, board or plate.
| (1)
Note. Generally the plate or board upon which the pattern
is attached or an integral part thereof substantially covers the open
portion of a flask member. | |
| |
14 | With subsequent coating of casting surface with cast product
treating or release material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process directed to shaping a forming surface combined with
the step of coating the so formed surface with a treating material
for perfecting a subsequent casting operation.
| (1)
Note. The primary function of the coating provided for herein
is for treating the casting surface to perfect the casting operation,
e.g., release agent or lubricant to allow easy withdrawal of cast
product, fluxing or wetting agent. If the main purpose of the coating
is to retain or shape the work during the casting operation and
not merely to perfect the casting operation then the operation will
be found in subclasses 23+. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23+, | for process of forming composite plural part or
multi-layered mold and especially subclass 33 wherein a mold surface
is lined with mold material which functions to shape or retain the molten
material during the casting operation. |
55.1+, | for process of lining or coating a casting surface
with a material which is to be alloyed with the molten casting material. |
66.1+, | for process of coating a casting surface with a
material which produces an inert or reducing gaseous atmosphere
upon teeming of the metal. |
72+, | for process of coating-treating a casting surface
combined with casting. |
91+, | for process of lining a casting surface with a material
which forms a composite layer or coating with the cast material. |
138, | for casting processes employing a particular mold
coating. |
473, | for continuous casting processes incorporating an
addition or agent in a melt system. |
475, | for continuous casting processes including an inert
or reducing gas atmosphere step. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, | Compositions: Coating or Plastic,
subclasses 38.22+ for compositions for coating and lining molds. |
427, | Coating Processes,
subclasses 133+ for processes of mold coating, per se. |
|
| |
15 | Shaping fluent material to form mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process directed to shaping from a fluent material the forming
surface which confines and controls the ultimate desired shape of
the molten metal that is to be formed therein. |
| |
19 | By spraying or slinging material against shaping surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Process directed to applying the mold material, either in
bulk, droplet (mist) or particulate form, by propelling the material
through space under dynamic pressure against the shaping surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46, | for process of spraying liquid metallic material
against a shaping surface to form a cast product. |
|
| |
21 | Resin containing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Process wherein the particulate mold material that is sprayed
against the shaping surface contains a resin material.
| (1)
Note. This subclass generally includes shell type molding
processes where the resin material functions as a binder. |
| (2)
Note. See Class 520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,
for a resin or composition containing a resin. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165+, | for shell molding apparatus. |
526+, | for processes of utilizing resin containing mold
materials generally. |
|
| |
22 | Employing compressed air as ram or piston to force sand
against shaping surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Process directed to employing compressed air as a ram or
piston to force sand from a cartridge or container in which the
material is supplied in the shape of a compacted column or the like
against the shaping surface.
| (1)
Note. The compressed air does not come into actual contact
with the sand that is being forced against the shaping surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
20, | for those patents in which a stream of compressed
air leaves the machine chamber carrying with it sand which is aerated
before and during the blowing process. |
|
| |
23 | Composite, plural part or multilayered mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Process wherein different parts or layers of mold materials
are integrated by a shaping or forming operation.
| (1)
Note. Included herein is the non treating type coating or
lining of the mold structure and also the impregnation of the mold
structure. |
| (2)
Note. A lining which functions to retain the casting material
is included herein. |
| (3)
Note. The mere insertion of a reinforcing member in the mold
material is not sufficient to bring the patent here. |
| (4)
Note. If a flask is a mere container for the mold material
and does not affect the final shaping structure, the patent will
be provided elsewhere on other features. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14, | for processes of mold forming plus subsequent treating
coating. |
72+, | where the coating merely perfects the casting operation
but does not itself shape the material, e.g., lubricate. |
|
| |
28 | Including shaping core member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Process directed to shaping plural separable parts which
includes shaping a core member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228+, | for, per se, apparatus for shaping cores. |
|
| |
30 | Positioning or maintaining position of core relative to
the mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Process in which a core is placed, disposed or sustained
in fixed relation with the forming surface of the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137, | for a process for assembling mold parts. |
340, | for apparatus, including a mold, with means to position
a core. |
370, | for cores having integral aligning means. |
397+, | for core centering or supporting means, per se. |
|
| |
33 | Lining mold surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Process directed to forming a layer on the mold shaping
surface which functions to shape or retain the molten material during
the casting operation.
| (1)
Note. Before placing a patent herein a determination must
be made that the lining functions to shape or retain the molten
cast material. Such guidelines as the thickness of the applied
lining, whether or not there are means, i.e., stops or dams, for
confining the lining material in the mold, whether or not there
are significant shaping steps disclosed, e.g., compacting, permanency
of the lining are to be considered in making the determination. |
| (2)
Note. The combination of shaping one layer of a multi-layered
mold and separately forming after removal from the initial shaping
member a lining on the preformed layer would be placed herein. |
| (3)
Note. Generally the patents found herein are those disclosing
lining centrifugal mold flasks with mold materials. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14, | for a process of shaping a forming surface combined
with the step of coating the casting surface with a treating material. |
55.1+, | for a process of lining or coating a casting surface
with a material which is to be alloyed with the molten casting material. |
66.1+, | for a process of coating a casting surface with
a material which produces an inert or reducing gaseous atmosphere
upon teeming the metal. |
72+, | for a process of coating-treating a casting surface
combined with the step of casting. |
91+, | for a process of lining a casting surface with a
material which forms a composite layer or coating with the cast
material. |
473, | for continuous casting processes incorporating an
addition or agent in a melt system. |
475, | for a continuous casting process with an inert or
reducing gas atmosphere. |
|
| |
34 | With destruction of pattern to disassociate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Process directed to extracting a destructable pattern from
the mold structure by (1) a chemical change, e.g., burning, etc.,
(2) a physical change of state, e.g., liquefying, etc., or (3) by reducing
a solid to a flowable granular material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246, | for a destructible type pattern. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 423+ , for processes employing transitory or temporary
material or parts. |
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 61+ for a static shaping surface having a destructible
feature. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 221 for processes of destroying a pattern to disassociate
the same from a plastic shaping mold. |
|
| |
36 | Utilizing fluent extracting medium: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Process wherein a fluid medium is used to effect the liquid
extraction of the pattern.
| (1)
Note. The fluid medium used herein would include any solvent
fluid, e.g., steam, hot water, etc. | |
| |
37 | By compacting material against shaping surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Process directed to the step of actively pressing or packing
the mold materials against a mold shaping surface to form a densified
structure.
| (1)
Note. The pressing or packing force must be greater than
the force of gravity. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, | Presses,
subclasses 35+ for process of compressing miscellaneous materials. |
|
| |
40 | Utilizing pattern as compacting member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Process directed to shaping a forming surface by compacting
the mold material against a shaping member, e.g., pattern, wherein
the shaping member is utilized as the primary force applying member.
| (1)
Note. Patents directed to forming a hollow mold structure
by exerting radial pressure to the mold material are included herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187+, | for apparatus wherein the pattern member acts as
the pressing member and including drawing means. |
|
| |
44 | Including pattern withdrawal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Process directed to the extracting of patterns from a mold
by a mechanical process.
| (1)
Note. Stripping by name alone does not place a patent here. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34+, | for processes of removing a pattern by destruction. |
|
| |
45 | Pattern making: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Process directed to forming patterns by shaping plastic
mold materials.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9+, | for processes of utilizing the final product material
as a pattern. |
13, | for processes of shaping a plate-type pattern. |
|
| |
46 | Disposition of a gaseous or projected particulate molten
material on a shaping surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process wherein a shaped body of metallic material is produced
by effecting a deposition of a gas, vapor or projected comminuted melted
material, e.g., spray, etc., on a shaping surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19, | for process of spray-shaping a forming surface from
molten material. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 5+ for the process of comminuting a liquid material
(including metal) to form discrete solid particles, and subclass
309 for spraying or flinging plastic material against a shaping surface. |
|
| |
47 | Shaping liquid metal against a forming surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process which includes the step of shaping molten metal
by means of a molding surface.
| (1)
Note. Metallic material to be incorporated herein must be
a pure metal alloy, metallic composition, or intermetallic compound.
See the class definition of Class 420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions,
for the general definition of the terms alloy, or metallic composition
as used herein. | |
| |
48 | Direct application of electrical or wave energy to work: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein an energy quantity is applied directly to
the work material as (1) an electromagnetic wave which is included
in the frequency spectrum including and above audio frequency range
(i.e., 50 cps), (2) an electric field or force or (3) an explosive
force.
| (1)
Note. Included are such electromagnetic waves as radio, infrared,
light, ultraviolet and gamma rays. |
| (2)
Note. Application of sonic and supersonic wave energy are
included herein. The mere application of vibratory or oscillatory
forces without effecting transmission of wave energy, e.g, subsonic,
are provided for below on other features. |
| (3)
Note. For radiant energy to be included herein, it must be
specifically claimed. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39, | for process of compacting mold materials by oscillating
or vibrating. |
71.1, | for process of chemically treating cast material
by vibrating. |
478, | for continuous or semi-continuous casting processes
wherein the mold is vibrated or reciprocated. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, generally for processes in which a chemical change
is effected by means of electrical or wave energy. |
205, | Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for electrolytic treatment. |
250, | Radiant Energy,
subclasses 324+ for methods and apparatus devoted to the corona
irradiation of material, subclasses 432+ for methods and
apparatus for irradiating contained, supported or transferred fluent
material, subclasses 453.11+ for methods and apparatus
including supports for irradiated objects with or without the irradiating
source and subclasses 492.1+ for methods and apparatus
to irradiate objects or material. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 405+ for processes involving the use of electrical or
wave energy in plastic molding operations; subclass 84 for process
of applying an explosive force to make a nonmetallic article. |
|
| |
53 | In situ reactive heating: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein a chemically reactive material is employed
in or on the body of casting material itself to raise or maintain
the temperature thereof.
| (1)
Note. Applying an open flame to the casting material is not
considered a chemical reaction for this subclass. |
| (2)
Note. The reactive heating does not have to be in the mold
cavity but may be in some portion of the mold body. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
123, | for processes of applying an insulation to a melt
surface to control solidification. |
124, | for processes of directly applying a flame or gas
to the melt surface to control solidification. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
44, | Fuel and Related Compositions,
subclasses 250+ , for a fuel composition intended to generate heat
without light. |
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclass 959 for processes of thermite type reduction-treating
of metals. |
149, | Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges,
subclasses 37+ , for metal containing thermic compositions. |
|
| |
54 | Composite article forming: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Process wherein an exothermic chemical reaction in the proximity
of a metal body in solid state reduces the metal to a liquid in
an area of composition to effect a joining.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91+, | for processes of compositing in general. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
228, | Metal Fusion Bonding, appropriate subclasses for formation of a metallic bonded
joint between parts or portions of the same part. Molten filler
material may be confined or retained by the shape or space between
the parts so long as a mold device is not employed. |
|
| |
55.1 | Incorporating addition or chemically reactive agent to
metal casting material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein a material is directly added to a melt system
to (a) either become incorporated therein physically, e.g., alloying,
or (b) cause a chemical reaction to affect the metallic system.
| (1)
Note. The added material may include principal alloying constituent,
densifiers, fluidizers, chemical graphitizers scavengers, grain-size
controller, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for processes for producing
metals. |
423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 1+ for processes of chemically treating mixtures to
obtain metal containing compounds. |
|
| |
56.1 | To scavenge: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 55.1. Process directed to adding a chemically active, e.g., scavenger,
material to the metallic casting material to remove oxides, gases,
or other impurities therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for processes of treating
molten metal to remove unwanted components therefrom. |
423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 1+ for processes of chemically treating mixtures to
obtain metal-containing compounds. |
|
| |
57.1 | Adding metal-containing material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 55.1. Process directed to adding a metal-containing material to
the metallic casting material.
| (1)
Note. The metal material may be in the form of a free metal,
alloy, compound, or composition. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
270.1, | for apparatus of this class combined with alloying
means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
420, | Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate subclasses for alloying processes.
In Class 420, an alloying processes is classified with the composition
of the specific alloy made. Subclasses drawn to processes of making
alloys are: 18+, processes of adding magnesium to cast
iron; 29+, processes of making cast iron; 71, processes
of making over 9 percent chromium steel, e.g., stainless steel; 84+,
processes of adding lead, bismuth, selenium, tellurium or calcium to
ferrous alloys, usually to improve machineability; 115+,
processes of making low chromium steel; 129, general processes of
making ferrous alloys; 590, general processes of making alloys. |
|
| |
58.1 | To produce casting having nonhomogeneous composition: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Process wherein the addition of the metal-containing material
to the metallic-casting material produces a casting having a nonuniform
composition.
| (1)
Note. To be placed herein, the patent must disclose that
a nonhomogeneous casting is produced. A casting having a varying
alloy composition across a given cross section comes within the
scope of this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, | Metal Treatment,
subclasses 400+ for metallic stock material produced by a method
of this subclass (Class 164, subclass 58.1). |
|
| |
59.1 | Utilizing preform body: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Process directed to casting upon a preform body which remains
a part of the casting product.
| (1)
Note. To be placed herein, the preform must retain its identity
in the cast product. |
| (2)
Note. A mere coating of the mold surface is not considered
a preform body. |
| (3)
Note. Plural preform bodies to be encompassed herein must
be individually handled. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75, | for coating a preform to provide a bonding-alloying
layer with subsequently cast metal. |
91+, | for composite article formation. |
|
| |
61 | Utilizing a vacuum: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process directed to exhausting or partially exhausting air
or other gases from the environment of the casting material, before,
during or after casting by applying a pressure differential directly
to the material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7.1, | for processes of applying a vacuum in a mold forming
operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for vacuum treatment of metals. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 500+ for processes of vacuum forming plastic materials,
and subclasses 101+ for processes of vacuum treating work. |
|
| |
62 | Applying diverse pressure: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Process directed to applying, in addition to the differential
in pressure effected by the vacuum, a dynamic pressure medium. |
| |
63 | To transport casting material to mold (e.g., vacuum forming,
etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Process wherein the pressure differential created by the
vacuum effects the transport of the casting material to the mold
cavity thus effecting the shaping of the material.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are those processes of applying a vacuum
through a mold to obtain a more perfect reproduction. | |
| |
66.1 | Applying an inert or reducing gaseous atmosphere to work: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the work material is subjected to an inert
or reducing gaseous environment either before, during, or after
charging the casting material to a mold.
| (1)
Note. An ambient atmosphere which may be inert is not included
herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, various subclasses for processes for gaseous treating
of metal. |
148, | Metal Treatment,
subclasses 633+ or 712+ for combined processes of significant
heat treatment of solid or semi-solid metal and treatment with a special
gaseous composition. |
|
| |
67.1 | Atmosphere effected by chemical reaction: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 66.1. Process wherein the inert or reducing atmosphere is effected
by a chemical reaction involving the casting material or is initiated
by the introduction of a reactive material into the mold environment. |
| |
69.1 | With step of subdividing or removing material from product
or preform (e.g., cutting, mechanically or by heat; sandblasting; chemical
milling; etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein (a) a portion of a preformed body or a body
formed during the casting operation is removed, or (b) where a body
is reduced into two or more parts.
| (1)
Note. The body portion may be removed to reduce the size
thereof or, as in the case of a preform, to perfect the bond between
the preform and the metal cast, e.g., as in cutting to form interlocking means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
101+, | for process of picking or cleaning a preform prior
to compositing. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 21 and 24 for cutting or finishing printing members;
and subclass 527.6 for casting combined with cutting or finishing after
removal from the mold. |
83, | Cutting,
subclasses 13+ for processes of metal cutting. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 138+ for process of shaping and subsequent cutting of
plastic material. |
451, | Abrading,
subclasses 28+ for a process of abrading metal. |
|
| |
70.1 | With product trimming, cutting, or breaking prior to removal
from mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 69.1. Process which includes the finishing of the casting by trimming,
cutting, or breaking before removal from the mold or mold part.
| (1)
Note. The term "mode" as used herein includes
(a) the core or cores, (b) corelike elements associated with gate
portions of the casting and used for handling, and (c) conveying
means serving to support a continuous casting while said casting
is still associated with the mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78, | for processes of incorporating a product-dividing
member during casting. |
140, | for apparatus to cast printing plates including
means for cutting or trimming the casting. |
161+, | for apparatus for shaping a forming surface, e.g.,
mold, including cutting or sweeping means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 52 for static mold employing a static means to produce
a groove or depression in the product to facilitate breaking or
cutting. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 161 for flash or sprue removal in a plastic molding
operation. |
|
| |
71.1 | With vibratory treatment of casting material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process directed to vibrating the casting material to effect
an internal change in the structure of the material, e.g., by removing
gases, inclusions, or by refining the crystalline structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39, | for vibratory treatment of molding materials. |
260+, | for apparatus which includes a treating or nontreating
operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, | Metal Treatment,
subclass 558 for processes of treating solid or semi-solid metal
outside the mold with high frequency vibration. |
|
| |
72 | Coating mold surface with a treating agent: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process which includes the step of applying a coating to
the forming surface before the metal is introduced to the surface.
| (1)
Note. A coating coming within the scope of this subclass
is one which merely perfects the casting operation but does not
itself shape the material, e.g., to lubricate. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33, | for process of forming a coating or lining on the
mold shaping surface which functions to retain and shape the work
during the casting operation. |
57.1+, | for processes including the coating of a mold surface
with alloying material. |
138, | for particular materials utilized as mold coatings
or linings. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, | Compositions: Coating or Plastic,
subclasses 38.22+ , for mold coating compositions. |
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 114.1 for static molds including a coating or adherent layer. |
427, | Coating Processes,
subclass 133 for processes of mold coating, per se. |
|
| |
74 | Gas producing coating: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Process wherein the coating produces a gas during the casting
operation.
| (1)
Note. The gas may be produced by a chemical reaction, e.g.,
burning, decomposition, etc., or by vaporization. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55.1+, | for processes of incorporating gaseous constituents
in the casting material. |
66.1+, | for processes of forming an inert or reducing gaseous
atmosphere. |
473, | for continuous casting processes incorporating an
addition or agent in a melt system. |
475, | for continuous casting processes with an inert or
reducing gas atmosphere. |
|
| |
75 | With coating of preformed workpiece: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process in which a preformed base member has applied to
it a coating to provide a layered product.
| (1)
Note. The coating must remain as a product part or layer
subsequent to the operation of this class to be included herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
100+, | for preconditioning of a preform by a coating operation
where the coating does not remain as part of the final product. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclass 527.3 for processes of casting with a subsequent coating
step. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 134+ for processes of coating a workpiece before a nonmetallic molding
operation. |
427, | Coating Processes, appropriate subclasses for coating processes, per
se. |
|
| |
76.1 | Combined: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process which includes an operation which, by itself, is
neither an operation of this class nor a perfecting step of an operation
of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 527.1+ for a combined casting and manufacturing process
wherein the manufacturing step is performed after removing the cast
product from the mold. |
148, | Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclasses 550-552 for combined casting, working and heat treatment
operations. |
|
| |
77 | Slush casting type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein liquid metal is placed into a mold, a layer
of metal is solidified on the mold surface, and the excess liquid
is removed from the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 302 for slush casting type processes for nonmetallic
material. |
|
| |
78 | Incorporating product dividing member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein a unit is incorporated into the product
during the metal casting which provides a fracture or division plane
to subdivide the product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 52 for static molds employing a static means to produce
a groove or depression in the product to facilitate breaking or
cutting. Subclass 84 for static mold providing for a unitable preform
which functions as a partition means. |
|
| |
79 | Employing a pore producing agent: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein a substance is randomly incorporated into
the metallic material to produce a porous product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclass 415 for processes of producing a metal product which has
a mass of pores. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 41+ for processes of producing porous nonmetallic bodies. |
419, | Powder Metallurgy Processes,
subclass 2 for processes for making porous articles from metal
powders involving pressure and heat. |
428, | Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 613 for metallic stock which is porous. |
|
| |
80 | Casting metal introduced into mold as a solid: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the metallic material is introduced into
the shaping area in solid form.
| (1)
Note. The solid metallic material may either be introduced
initially into the mold or may be added to a molten charge already
in the mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57.1+, | where an alloying material is added to the melt
as a solid. |
473, | for continuous casting processes incorporating an
addition or agent in a melt system. |
495+, | for processes of using a solid consumable electrode. |
|
| |
81 | Utilizing a liquid shaping surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the shaping surfaces is a molten or liquid
layer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 298 for casting nonmetallic material on a liquid surface. |
|
| |
90 | Forming product having interconnected movable parts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the product contains at least two distinct
parts or portions which are movable relative to each other and which
are joined by the shaping operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9+, | for process of forming a mold and incorporating
a product part therein. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 434+ for processes of assembling with retention of a
clearance for motion between assembled parts. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 242 for similar operation when molding nonmetallic
material. |
428, | Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclass 591 for metallic stock material having components capable of
limited relative movement. |
|
| |
91 | Composite article forming: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process of making multi-layered articles by forming a metal
onto a preform or casting two or more metals into contact with one
another.
| (1)
Note. A composite article must have at least two distinctive
zones of metal of the same or different materials. If solids of
the same metal or different metal are incorporated into cast molten
metal and such lose their identity this is not a composite for this
and indented subclasses. |
| (2)
Note. Included herein are those operations where two or more
metal preforms are united by fusing a portion of the metal to provide
a joint between them. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9+, | for process of shaping mold material wherein the
product part is embedded in or surrounded by shaped material. |
23+, | for process of making composite, plural part or
multi-layered mold. |
55.1+, | for processes of producing layer article by incorporating
an addition or chemically reactive agent in the casing material. |
461, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting processes
of forming a composite product. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclass 428 for processes of assembling or joining in mechanical
manufacturing operations, and subclass 527.3 for casting and coating
manufacturing steps. |
65, | Glass Manufacturing,
subclasses 36+ for processes for fusion bonding of glass to a
formed part. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 241+ for processes of producing composite, plural part
or multi-layered articles wherein the molding material is nonmetal;
however one or more parts, portions or components of the composite
may be metal, e.g., process of uniting two spaced metal preforms
is in subclass 261. |
419, | Powder Metallurgy Processes,
subclasses 5+ for powder metallurgical processes with sintering
for forming plural metallic layers or parts. |
428, | Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 615+ for a metallic composite defined in terms of the composition
of its components. |
438, | Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process, for producing semiconductor junction material even
when using a Class 164 operation. |
|
| |
92.1 | Repairing or restoring article for use: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Process wherein a worn, damaged, or used article is restored
for reuse in a similar capacity without altering or destroying the
overall configuration of said article.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 402.01+ for processes of mechanical repair. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 36.1+ for processes of repairing or restoring nonmetallic
articles for reuse by molding operations, especially subclass 36.18
for articles containing inorganic materials. |
|
| |
93 | Co-molding diverse metals utilizing removable or fusible
partition: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Process of forming a composite article wherein two or more
different metals are poured into a mold simultaneously and wherein
at least two of said metals are temporarily separated by a barrier
means which is removed either physically or by melting same to allow
said metals to come into contact.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91, | for processes of co-molding metals into direct contact. |
99, | for processes of co-molding metals and uniting to
a preform. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 260 for co-molding plural fluent nonmetal materials
and uniting to preform. |
|
| |
94 | Sequential casting to form single product: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Process of forming a composite article by sequentially casting
molten metal.
| (1)
Note. The sequentially cast molten metal(s) may be cast onto
and in contact with the previously cast metal or may be separated
from one another by some preformed portion, part or component of
the composite article. |
| (2)
Note. The metals cast may be of the same or different materials;
however, if the metals cast are the same material, the prior cast
metal must be cooled and solidified, i.e., act as a preform, before the
subsequent metal is cast. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27, | for processes of forming mold by separately molding
different mold portions. |
90, | for processes of forming interconnected movable
parts, e.g., chain links, universal joints, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
228, | Metal Fusion Bonding,
subclasses 225+ for a process involving at least two applications
of filler material to effect a single joint. Successive depositions
of filler material may involve deposition of successive strata one upon
the other as well as successive depositions on opposite sides of
the joint. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 250+ for processes of separately molding different article
portions where the material molded is other than metal; subclass
308 for incremental layer molding of nonmetal. |
|
| |
95 | Different metals: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Process of forming composite article by casting two or more
metals of different composition sequentially. |
| |
96 | Metals simultaneously molten: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Process wherein at least two of the cast different metallic
materials are maintained stratified although in a liquid condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93, | where simultaneously molten materials are also cast
simultaneously. |
|
| |
99 | Co-molding diverse metals: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Process wherein two or more different metals are simultaneously
introduced onto a shaping surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93, | for co-molding processes wherein a temporary partition
is employed. |
|
| |
100 | Including preconditioning preform: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Process which includes a step of treating a preform body
prior to compositing.
| (1)
Note. A treatment step involves, e.g., cleaning the surface
of the preform of foreign matter such as scale, oil, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75, | for process of coating of a workpiece before compositing. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclasses 458+ for processes of mechanically assembling and/or
joining of previously coated parts. |
228, | Metal Fusion Bonding,
subclasses 208+ for metallurgical bonding combined with application
of a bond facilitating metal coating. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 265 for process of preconditioning of a preform in
nonmetallic compositing operations. |
419, | Powder Metallurgy Processes,
subclasses 30+ for powder metallurgical processes for making products
including sintering and also including significant pretreatment
of the powder prior to compacting or sintering; and subclasses 62+ for
similar processes not utilizing heat. |
|
| |
101 | Chemical treatment: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Process of treating the surface of the preform with some
chemically reactive agent.
| (1)
Note. Although chemical treatment may result in the surface
layer of the preform being chemically changed, such treatment does
not involve a separate coating which acts as the bonding medium. | |
| |
102 | By fluxing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process wherein the chemical treatment involves the application
of a layer of flux.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75, | for a process of coating a preformed workpiece where
the coating remains as a part of the final product. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, | Metal Treatment,
subclasses 23+ for fluxing compositions. |
228, | Metal Fusion Bonding,
subclasses 223+ for a process utilizing flux materials in a noncasting
metallurgical bonding operation. |
|
| |
103 | Preheating: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Process of raising the temperature of the preform prior
to casting the molten metal thereon.
| (1)
Note. The preheating may be by open flame contacting the
preform surface or by hot fluid. |
| (2)
Note. Preform may be heated directly on the bonding surface
or a face opposite the bonding face. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
54, | for a process of in situ reactive heating during
formation of a composite. |
121, | for a process of preconditioning of apparatus including
preheating. |
338.1+, | for means to apply heat to a mold. |
|
| |
104 | Utilizing a liquid heat transfer agent: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Process wherein the preheating is accomplished by means
of a heating material in the liquid state which contacts either
the preform or the mold.
| (1)
Note. Preheating of the preform by means of the cast material
which makes up part of the product is included herein only if it
is specifically claimed as such. | |
| |
105 | Of preform in mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Process wherein the preform is positioned in a mold when
preheated.
| (1)
Note. Processes are included herein of heating a mold prior
to casting wherein the preform is incidentally or purposely heated. | |
| |
106 | Cast metal reshapes preform: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Process wherein the cast metal acts upon the preform to
reshape it while maintaining the preform"s integrity either
by the casting pressure or by the forces set up during cooling.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 266 for simultaneous shaping of nonmetallic material
and reshaping a preform body. |
|
| |
108 | Uniting plural preforms or spaced preform portions: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Process of making a composite and unitary product by joining
together a plurality of preforms or two spaced areas of the same
preform with cast metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9+, | for mold shaping processes utilizing a final preform
part or material as a part thereof. |
333, | for apparatus to position plural preforms in a mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
228, | Metal Fusion Bonding, appropriate subclasses for uniting surfaces by a metallic
filler without shaping of the filler by a molding surface. |
|
| |
109 | Stacked planar lamina preforms: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Process of forming a composite article by joining together
a plurality of planar laminar preforms positioned in substantially
parallel planes to one another and at least partially coextensive.
| (1)
Note. The preforms may be spaced from one another or in contact
with one another. | |
| |
111 | Preform particularly provided with means to provide interlock
with cast metal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Process where the preform has depressions therein or projection
therefrom which cause the molten metal to mechanically lock with
the preform.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, | Cutlery,
subclass 343 for cutlery implements in which the handle is cast
onto the blade tang. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 274 for processes of embedding a preform provided with
means to provide an interlock with nonmetallic molding material. |
|
| |
112 | Positioning or maintaining position of preform relative
to mold surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Process of positioning the preform relative to a forming
surface prior to casting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9+, | for process of shaping a forming surface and embedding
a product part therein |
231, | for core shaping apparatus including means to position
preform product part. |
236, | for patterns having insert supporting means. |
332, | for apparatus including means to position a preform
part in the shaping area. |
|
| |
113 | Pressure forming: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the material is forced against the shaping
surface by a force other than gravity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48, | for a process of applying explosive pressure directly
to casting material. |
|
| |
114 | By centrifugal force: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Process wherein the material is impelled radially outwardly
against the forming surface by rotation of the surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
175, | for apparatus for centrifugally shaping a mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 311 for processes of utilizing centrifugal force in
shaping nonmetallic material. |
|
| |
115 | Plural constant speeds: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Process wherein two or more speeds of rotation are maintained
during the centrifugal casting.
| (1)
Note. Merely increasing or decreasing rotation to a desired
speed is not considered plural speeds for this subclass. | |
| |
116 | Tilting of axis of rotation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Process wherein the angle of inclination of the axis of
rotation is varied between the time of charging of the material
and ejecting the product. |
| |
118 | Positive heating or cooling of mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Process wherein the centrifugal mold has applied to it a
thermal differential source.
| (1)
Note. The source to be intended for inclusion herein must
be other than ambient. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122+, | for processes in general of temperature control
during solidification. |
|
| |
119 | By direct fluid pressure: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Process wherein the forming pressure is provided by a fluid
acting directly on the casting material.
| (1)
Note. The casting material itself is not included as a fluid
within the meaning of this subclass. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61+, | for processes employing a vacuum. |
66.1+, | for processes utilizing a special inert or reducing
gaseous atmosphere. |
475, | for continuous casting processes including an inert
or reducing gas atmosphere. |
|
| |
121 | Preconditioning of apparatus: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the apparatus is treated or readied for
casting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14, | for processes of forming a mold and coating the
surface with treating material. |
55.1+, | for processes of incorporating an addition or chemically
reactive material into casting material. |
72+, | for processes of coating-treating a mold. |
149, | for means lubricating apparatus parts. |
158, | for apparatus cleaning means. |
473, | for continuous casting processes including a step
of incorporating an addition or agent in a melt system. |
|
| |
122 | Controlling solidification (other than ambient cooling): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the freezing of the metal is regulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
118, | for processes of heating or cooling centrifugal
molds. |
297, | for centrifugal casting apparatus having coolant
means. |
338.1+, | for a mold with a heating means. |
348, | for a mold with a cooling means. |
352, | for a sand mold having a metal chill. |
443+, | for apparatus for cooling a continuous casting. |
486, | for processes of applying liquid to a continuous
casting. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 111 for static molds employing a solid heat conductor
or insulator. |
|
| |
122.1 | Unidirectional solidification: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Process wherein an unidirectional temperature gradient is
established along a mold to cause progressive solidification of
molten metal within the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
117, | Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy
Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor, for processes for growing therein-defined single-crystal
of all types of materials, other than metal single-crystal formed in
a mold proper herein, however, metals, intermetallics, and alloys which
are semiconductors are excluded herein and are proper for Class
117. |
|
| |
122.2 | Single crystal formation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 122.1. Process which includes propagating a single crystallographic
grain of metal within the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
117, | Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy
Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor, for processes for growing therein-defined single-crystal
of all types of materials, other than metal single-crystal formed in
a mold proper herein, however, metals, intermetallics, and alloys which
are semiconductors are excluded herein and are proper for Class
117. |
|
| |
127 | By utilizing a chill member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Process wherein the differential dissipation of heat is
effected by means of an insert or mold section placed at the mold
surface or embedded in the mold to provide a zone of greater heat absorption. |
| |
128 | By utilizing a cooling liquid: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Process wherein the solidification and heat removal is effected
by use of an applied liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
126, | for utilizing a cooling liquid to obtain a differential
dissipation of heat. |
|
| |
129 | Forming plural articles: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein two or more separate and distinct articles
are produced by the process.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
350, | for a sand type mold having plural article forming
cavities. |
|
| |
130 | Sequentially: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Process wherein the articles are produced one after the
other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
324, | for apparatus including plural molds moving in an
endless mold circuit. |
|
| |
131 | Removing article from forming surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the produced product is separated from the
surface of which it was shaped.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are patents claiming, per se, stripping
operation, i.e., not including a forming operation. |
| (2)
Note. Included herein are generally patents which include
a unique article removal operation. Numerous patents which are
directed to a particular casting operation will also disclose or
claim a removal operation. Such patents are cross-referenced here
only where the evidence shows the article removal operation to be
nonconventional. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
344+, | for a shaping apparatus having means to eject product. |
401+, | for strippers or ejectors, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 334+ for processes of stripping nonmetallic articles
from molds. |
|
| |
132 | Core removal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Process wherein the surface is that of a separate mold part
used to form an opening or cavity in the product, i.e., core. |
| |
133 | Introduction control or manipulation of charge: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein the material to be cast is handled with
either a regulation or directionalization of the charge or a physical
treatment of the charge.
| (1)
Note. The mere teeming of metal into a mold is not included
herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
335+, | for shaping apparatus including ladle or crucible
type receptacle. |
362, | for a sand mold having means to restrict turbulence
of flow during casting. |
437+, | for continuous casting means having means to distribute
the charge. |
|
| |
134 | Separation of unwanted component from melt: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Process wherein the treatment results in a separation of
some material from the charge, e.g., filtering.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
358, | for a sand mold with a strainer means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, | Liquid Purification or Separation, appropriate subclasses for processes and apparatus
for solid-liquid separation. |
|
| |
135 | Charge introduced as a plurality of streams: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Process wherein the charge is brought into the shaping cavity
as two or more separate flows.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93, | for a process of simultaneously introducing plural
different metal streams into a mold. |
|
| |
137 | Assembling of mold parts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein two or more members of a mold are brought
into operative casting relationship.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are generally patents which include
a unique mold assembling operation. Numerous patents which are
directed to a particular casting operation will also disclose or
claim a mold assembling operation. Such patents are cross-referenced
here only where the evidence shows the mold assembling operation
to be nonconventional. | |
| |
138 | Utilizing particular shaping surface material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein a particular material is used as a coating,
lining or mold in the process.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33+, | for process of shaping a forming surface by lining. |
72+, | for processes of coating the mold before casting. |
520+, | for process of shaping particular mold materials. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, | Compositions: Coating or Plastic, appropriate subclasses for mold or coating compositions. |
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 112+ for static molds employing a removable or movable
liner. Subclass 114.1 for static molds employing a coating or adherent
layer. |
427, | Coating Processes,
subclasses 133+ for processes of coating, per se. |
|
| |
139 | APPARATUS FOR CASTING PRINTING PLATES (E.G., STEREOTYPE,
ETC.): |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus for casting a surface capable of conveying intelligence
or design by reproducing in printed form, e.g., type and stereotype
plates.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
332+, | for apparatus specially adapted for casting a backup
member to a preformed electrotype shell. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclass 21 for apparatus for finishing stereotype plates. |
199, | Type Casting, for apparatus for casting elements or bars of a
printing form. |
204, | Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses for electrolytic apparatus
for forming electrotype plates. |
249, | Static Molds, for static stereotype molds, particularly
subclass 138 for pivotable type stereotype molds. |
409, | Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing,
subclass 309 for apparatus for planing a concave surface such
as the surface of a stereotype plate. |
|
| |
140 | Including means for severing or trimming product while
associated with mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Apparatus including means combined with the casting means
for cutting or trimming the cast plate while said casting is associated
with the mold or a portion of the mold.
| (1)
Note. The term mold as used herein includes (1) the core
or cores, (2) core-like elements associated with gate portions of
the casting and used for handling, and (3) conveying means serving to
support a continuous casting while said casting is still associated
with the molding means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
262+, | for forming apparatus including a product cutting
or trimming means. |
|
| |
141 | Including melting chamber: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Apparatus which includes a separate container for fluidizing
or maintaining fluid for the casting material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
335+, | for forming apparatus combined with a ladle or crucible. |
|
| |
142 | Having valved gate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Apparatus with means for metering or controlling the flow
of molten cast material from the melting chamber to the casting
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
304, | for injection shaping apparatus having a valved
mold gate. |
337, | for forming combined with flow control conduit means
intermediate the mold and receptacle. |
|
| |
143 | Having pressure changing means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Apparatus which include a means applying pressure to introduce
the casting material into the shaping member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284+, | for pressure forming means. |
|
| |
145 | Including stripping means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Apparatus which includes means for separating or withdrawing
the cast printing plate from the shaping surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
344+, | for a mold including means to eject or separate
a product. |
401+, | for strippers or ejectors, per se. |
|
| |
146 | INCLUDING MEANS TO DIRECTLY APPLY MAGNETIC FORCE TO WORK OR
TO MANIPULATE OR HOLD SHAPING MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes means for (1) directly applying
magnetic forces to material which is to be a part of the product,
e.g., metal charge, insert, etc., or for (2) applying the magnetic
forces to move or position the shaping parts.
| (1)
Note. To be included in (2) supra, the force to move the
shaping part has to be generated by a magnetic force although it
may be indirectly applied through mechanical linkages. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
492+, | for processes of directly applying magnetic energy
to work. |
|
| |
147.1 | By electromagnetic means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Apparatus directed to means for applying electromagnetic
energy directly to the apparatus parts or to the work material.
| (1)
Note. A disclosure or recitation of electromagnetic means
whether applied to the shaping member, in a circuit, used as a switch,
or as an element for any function in the apparatus is included herein. | |
| |
149 | MEANS LUBRICATING RELATIVELY MOVING AND CONTACTING APPARATUS
PARTS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means to apply a lubricant between
moving apparatus parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72+, | for process of coating-treating a mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
184, | Lubrication, apparatus subclasses for lubricating apparatus. |
|
| |
150.1 | WITH SIGNAL, INDICATOR OR INSPECTION MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having means for visual, auditory, or tactile
annunciation or recording of a condition therein, or means permitting
observation of a portion thereof normally hidden from view.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are the indicia type indicators for
imprinting reference symbols in the cast product. |
| (2)
Note. Included herein is an apparatus having a particular
condition intended to be interpreted by human intelligence. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
116, | Signals and Indicators, for a mechanical signaling device, per se. |
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 53 for static molds including a static gage, level, plumb,
or level markings. |
340, | Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses for an electrically powered indicator,
per se; see particularly
subclasses 815.4+ for a visual indicator, subclasses 384.1+ for
an audible indicator, and subclass 407.1 for a tactile indicator;
subclasses 500+ for electrical automatic condition responsive
indicating systems. |
374, | Thermal Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 139+ for a thermometer for molten metal. |
|
| |
151 | Pressure indicating means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Apparatus wherein the means is an indicator to quantitatively
show fluid pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclass 626 for electrical automatic fluid pressure responsive
indicating systems. |
|
| |
151.1 | Including speed sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Apparatus having means for detecting the velocity of the
product, melt, or any component of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 488+ for a device to measure speed or acceleration. |
|
| |
151.2 | Including position or spatial dimension sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Apparatus having means for detecting (a) the location of
a component or product therein, (b) the relative placement between
any two components or between a component and a product therein,
or (c) the lineal extent of a component or product therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, | Geometrical Instruments,
subclasses 483+ for straight edge rules. |
|
| |
151.3 | Melt level sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 151.2. Apparatus having means for detecting the height of liquid
metal therein.
| (1)
Note. The liquid metal detected may be in the source (e.g.,
tundish, etc.), the mold, or any component of the apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 290+ , particularly subclasses 305+, for a device
for measuring liquid level using a float. |
|
| |
151.4 | Including thermal sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Apparatus having means for detecting a process parameter
related to heat (e.g., temperature, heat transfer rate, enthalpy,
heat capacity, etc.) of the melt, product, or apparatus, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
374, | Thermal Measuring and Testing, particularly
subclasses 45+ for a device to determine a non-thermal property from
a thermal measurement. |
|
| |
152 | WITH SAFETY CONTROL MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means to prevent injury to workman
or apparatus in event of malfunctioning or in the operation of the
apparatus or a portion thereof.
| (1)
Note. Means which merely function to aid or promote the comfort
of the operator are not considered to come within the scope of this
subclass. | |
| |
153 | Apparatus safety means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus wherein the safety means prevent damage to the
apparatus in the event of malfunctioning.
| (1)
Note. Means which are used to allow each cycle of the machine
to be completed as scheduled are not considered to be safety means
responsive to a malfunctioning since they are actuated in the performance
of every complete cycle. | |
| |
154.1 | CONTROL MEANS RESPONSIVE TO OR ACTUATED BY MEANS SENSING
OR MEASURING A CONDITION OR VARIABLE (I.E., AUTOMATIC CONTROL): |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having means to regulate the operation thereof
influenced by means monitoring a process parameter of the apparatus.
| (1)
Note. A patent need not claim the monitoring means to be
classified hereunder, so long as it claims the regulating means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151.5, | for an apparatus having means to indicate a failure
or imminent failure of a continuous casting strand. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
318, | Electricity: Motive Power Systems, for a servo motor and controller, per se. |
700, | Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific
Applications,
subclasses 1 through 89for computer controlled systems or methods, generally,
and subclasses 197-205 and subclasses 207-212 particularly for control
systems related to molding and melting, respectively. |
|
| |
154.2 | Responsive to position or spatial dimension: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is (a)
the location of a component or product therein, (b) the relative
placement between any two components or between a component and
a product therein, or (c) the lineal extent of a component or product
therein. |
| |
154.3 | Responsive to rate of change: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 154.2. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is a mathematical
derivative (e.g., first, second, third, etc.) of the location or
size of the product, melt, or any component of the apparatus with
respect to time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 488+ for a device to measure speed and subclasses 861+ for
a device to measure volume or flow rate. |
|
| |
154.4 | Continuous casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 154.3. Apparatus which produces a continuously cast product.
| (1)
Note. See GLOSSARY for a definition of "continuous
casting." | |
| |
154.5 | Continuous casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 154.2. Apparatus which produces a continuously cast product.
| (1)
Note. See GLOSSARY for a definition of "continuous
casting." | |
| |
154.6 | Responsive to thermal condition: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is related
to heat (e.g., temperature, heat transfer rate, enthalpy, heat capacity,
etc.) of the melt, product, or apparatus, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
374, | Thermal Measuring and Testing, particularly
subclasses 45+ for a device to determine a nonthermal property from
a thermal measurement. |
|
| |
154.7 | Continuous casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 154.6. Apparatus which produces a continuously cast product.
| (1)
Note. See GLOSSARY for a definition of "continuous
casting." | |
| |
154.8 | Responsive to pressure: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is force
per unit area applied to the melt, the product, or any component
of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 700+ for a fluid pressure gauge. |
|
| |
155.2 | Responsive to material level: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155.1. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is the
fill height of the substance in a supply (e.g., tundish, etc.),
a mold, or any component of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, | Communications: Electrical,
subclasses 612+ for condition responsive indicating system responsive
to material level. |
|
| |
155.3 | Responsive to pressure: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155.1. Apparatus wherein the parameter monitored is force per unit
area applied to the melt, the product, or any component of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 700+ for a fluid pressure gauge. |
|
| |
155.4 | Responsive to position or spatial dimension: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155.1. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is (a)
the location of a component or product therein, (b) the relative
placement between any two components or between a component and
a product therein, or (c) the lineal extent of a component or product
therein. |
| |
155.5 | Responsive to rate of change: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155.4. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is a mathematical
derivative (e.g., first, second, third, etc.) of the location or
size of the product, melt, or any component of the apparatus with
respect to time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 488+ for a device to measure speed and subclasses 861+ for
a device to measure volume or flow rate. |
|
| |
155.6 | Responsive to thermal condition: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155.1. Apparatus wherein the process parameter monitored is related
to heat (e.g., temperature, heat transfer rate, etc.) of the melt,
product, or apparatus, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
374, | Thermal Measuring and Testing, particularly
subclasses 45+ for a device to determine a non-thermal property from
a thermal measurement. |
|
| |
155.7 | Responsive to weight: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155.1. Apparatus wherein the parameter monitored is the gravitational
force on the melt, the product, or any component of the apparatus,
per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for a device to measure a condition
derived from a weight measurement. |
177, | Weighing Scales, for means to measure weight, per se. |
|
| |
156.1 | Including electrode or float sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 155.2. Apparatus including means for detecting the process parameter
comprising either an electrically conductive probe or a buoyant
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 290+ , particularly subclasses 305+, for a device
for measuring liquid level using a float. |
|
| |
157 | WITH CONTROL MEANS RESPONSIVE TO INDEPENDENT TIMING MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having a means independent of the apparatus work
performing parts, which allows a set time period to elapse during
an apparatus operation. |
| |
158 | WITH POSITIVE CLEANING MEANS FOR APPARATUS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including positive means for removing undesirable
material from a mold making or metal casting apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, | Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate subclasses, for apparatus for cleaning
of general application. |
134, | Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate subclasses, for a liquid contact process
or apparatus for cleaning. |
|
| |
159 | MEANS TO SHAPE A FORMING SURFACE: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus for shaping a mold, pattern or core device. |
| |
161 | Including means for sweeping or cutting forming surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus including mold forming means in which material
is removed by the operation of a moving sweep, strickle, profile
pattern or cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40, | for mold shaping processes utilizing a pattern as
a compaction means, e.g., profile pattern, etc. |
|
| |
164 | Rotatable pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Apparatus wherein a revolvable pattern or pattern part is
utilized as the sweeping member.
| (1)
Note. A rotary cutting tool which shapes the mold is not
considered a pattern or pattern part to be encompassed herein. | |
| |
165 | Shell type mold making machine: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus with means specially adapted for shaping thin
mold sections of resin-sand mixtures, i.e., shell molds.
| (1)
Note. Depending upon the extent of unsupported shell sections
and the gravity head of the liquid or molten casting metal, the
shell may be externally backed up with steel shot, sand or similar material. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21, | for shell molding processes of spraying mold materials
against a shaping surface. |
361, | for shell molds. |
526+, | for processes of shaping fluent mold material containing
resin. |
|
| |
167 | And separate metal casting means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus for shaping a mold in combination with means for
introducing casting material to the mold.
| (1)
Note. Found herein are apparatus and plants for molding in
which there is an alleged combination between mold making and metal
casting. | |
| |
169 | Including means for compacting particulate fluent mold
materials: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus wherein the mold shaping operation is performed
by pressure means which function to ram pack or compress the mold
material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, | Presses, appropriate subclasses, for presses. |
425, | Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for means for shaping plastic or
fluent material, especially
subclasses 376.1+ for an extrusion molding machine, subclasses 406+ for a
press molding machine, and subclasses 425+ for the combination
of a female mold and a tamper or vibrator; see the search notes
thereunder. |
|
| |
170 | Flexible or deformable pressure means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus with resilient pressure exerting means for effecting
compaction of the mold forming material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 65 , for static molds having an inflatable element. |
|
| |
172 | Plural rammers: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus wherein two or more pressing heads are utilized
in shaping the mold material. |
| |
173 | Fluid pressure actuated means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus wherein the rammers are powered by fluid pressure
means.
| (1)
Note. The pressure does not have to be directly applied to
the rammer but may be transmitted through a mechanical linkage. | |
| |
175 | By centrifugal means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus wherein the mold material is impelled radially
outwardly against the forming surface by the rotation of the surface. |
| |
178 | Rotating: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Apparatus wherein the compacting action is effected by (1)
rotation of the pattern member or (2) rotation of the flask as the
pattern member is progressively advanced therethrough. |
| |
179 | Bead forming type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus wherein a rotating former or pattern is utilized
to form beads at the end of the pipe mold. |
| |
183 | Having means for inverting pattern, flask, or shaping member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus directed to a machine with means for turning the
pattern, flask or shaping member.
| (1)
Note. The inverting means may serve a dual function, i.e.,
invert the shaping member and also effect the withdrawal operation
or may only serve to deliver the shaping member to the withdrawal station. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
209, | for a press molding machine having an invertible
table. |
224, | for molding apparatus having an inverting means. |
402, | for, per se, means for inverting a pattern for stripping. |
409, | for, per se, means for turning a pattern plate or
mold around a horizontal axis. |
|
| |
185 | Rock-over type machine: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Apparatus characterized by having the frame that inverts
the pattern plate oscillatorily supported about an axis located
to one side.
| (1)
Note. The above apparatus is to be distinguished from the
roll over type machine characterized by having a frame that carries
the pattern plate, oscillatorily supported about a substantially
central axis. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
205, | for vibrating compaction machine of the roll or
rockover type. |
|
| |
186 | Core making machine: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus wherein the shaped forming surface is a core member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228+, | for core shaping means, per se. |
|
| |
187 | Pattern member acting as compressing member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus wherein the pattern member acts as the primary
compressing member in shaping the forming surface, i.e., the shaping
or compacting force is transmitted through or by the pattern member.
| (1)
Note. The pattern surface acts as the parting surface during
the withdrawal. | |
| |
188 | Including stripping plate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus having a plate that fits accurately around the
pattern and through which the patterns are drawn either by moving
the pattern supports down or by raising the plate and the mold half
upwardly free from the pattern. |
| |
189 | Utilizing vibrating means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus which includes a vibrator for facilitating the
withdrawal or separation.
| (1)
Note. The vibrating means found herein generally perfect
the drawing operation and usually are combined with another withdrawing
means. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
223, | for molding apparatus including vibrating or rapping
separation means. |
260+, | for general apparatus with vibrator means. |
|
| |
190 | Stripping plate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus having a plate member that fits accurately around
the pattern and supports the sand of the shaped member during withdrawal of
the pattern.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
217+, | for molding apparatus including stripping plate
separation means. |
|
| |
191 | Drop pattern plate or support: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus having means for vertically downwardly displacing
the pattern member from the shaped surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
225, | for molding apparatus having a drop pattern support
separating means. |
|
| |
192 | Including means for feeding material by gravity: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus which includes means for dispensing discrete charges
or portions of mold forming materials into a flask or receptacle
under the influence of gravity.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
141, | Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver
Coacting Means, appropriate subclasses, for apparatus for handling
fluent material. |
222, | Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for fluent material dispensing
apparatus. |
|
| |
195 | Diverse means for applying pressure forces: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus having two or more dynamic mold compaction means
identifiable as separate units each doing a complete operation of
a different kind, e.g., mold pressing means combined with mold vibrating
means, blow molding means combined with mold vibrating means, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38, | for processes of compacting mold materials utilizing
diverse pressure applications. |
|
| |
196 | Vibrating and squeeze type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus comprising press forming means combined with means
to shape by vibration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203+, | for a vibrating compaction. |
207+, | for a press molding means. |
|
| |
198 | Sand slinger type compactor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus having means operable for mechanically slinging
wads of sand at high velocity onto the shaping surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19, | for processes of shaping a forming surface by spraying
or slinging mold material. |
|
| |
200 | Blow type compactor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus comprising means utilizing a gaseous pressure
discharge assistant for projecting mold forming material against
a shaping surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19+, | for blow type molding processes. |
|
| |
203 | By vibrating means (e.g., jarring, jolting, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus wherein the compacting operation on the mold forming
material is performed by means effecting a vibrating, jarring or
jolting action upon the mold forming material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
195+, | for plural compacting means including vibrating,
jarring or jolting means. |
260+, | for subject matter of this class combined with vibrator
means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
366, | Agitating,
subclasses 108+ for agitation by vibration. |
|
| |
205 | Roll or rock-over type machine: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Apparatus wherein a pattern supporting frame is either oscillatorily
supported about an axis located to one side of the machine, i.e.,
rock over type, or oscillatorily supported about a substantially
central axis of the machine, i.e., roll over type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
183+, | for rock-over and roll-over type compacting machines
which include a pattern withdrawal means. |
209, | for a press molding machine with an invertible table. |
224, | for shaping apparatus having inverting means. |
375, | for a rock or roll-over flask. |
402, | for stripping means including pattern inverting
means. |
409, | for, per se, means of inverting a pattern member. |
|
| |
206 | By fluid actuated vibrator means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Apparatus having fluid pressure actuator means for effecting
the vibrating, jarring or jolting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
261, | for apparatus of this class including fluid pressure
actuated vibrator means. |
|
| |
207 | Press type compactor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus employing a dynamic pressure member for shaping
the mold material.
| (1)
Note. Apparatus included herein is either a press machine
or press members to be employed therein. A machine is an apparatus
which follows a mechanical law defined by its structure. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
169, | for hand held pressure applying mold shaping members. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, | Presses, appropriate subclasses for residual processes and
apparatus for subjecting material to compressive forces. |
|
| |
209 | Having invertible table: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus in which a planar surface which holds the work
is capable of being turned over.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
183+, | for mold shaping apparatus having means to invert
the pattern, flask or shaping member. |
409, | for means for turning over a pattern member. |
|
| |
215 | Means rotatably withdrawing pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus having means which effect withdrawal of the pattern
by a rotational movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
240, | for a rotatable or pivotal pattern plate associated
with a flask member. |
247, | for a rotatable or pivotal pattern, per se. |
|
| |
216 | Screw thread pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Apparatus wherein the pattern member has a helical thread
or groove.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 59 for nonsand type static molds which produce a helical
or threaded type product. |
|
| |
217 | Utilizing a stripping plate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus including a plate member surrounding the pattern
which functions to maintain the mold material during withdrawal
of the pattern.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
190, | for apparatus for compacting mold materials including
a stripping plate for facilitating withdrawal of the pattern. |
|
| |
219 | Means effecting parallel motion: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus directed to means for withdrawing a pattern which
effect an equal and parallel draw motion to the pattern with reference
to at least two points.
| (1)
Note. The withdrawing force must be applied to at least two
points and does not include those means in which the force is applied
at a single point and the pattern merely guided along parallel lines. | |
| |
220 | Including a mold material supporting stool: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus wherein a stool is utilized to support a section
of the mold inside the stripping plate during the withdrawal of
the pattern member.
| (1)
Note. The stool generally supports a green sand core during
the withdrawing of the pattern member. | |
| |
221 | By lever and link: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Apparatus directed to utilizing lever and link means to
effect a withdrawal of the pattern member. |
| |
223 | By vibrating means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus with means for drawing a mold shaping member from
a mold with or without lifting the mold or stripping the pattern
in which the operation is facilitated by means vibrating or rapping
the shaping member or work piece either before or after the drawing operation
commences.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are apparatus having devices adapted
to be vibrated and to communicate vibrations to the shaping member,
per se. | |
| |
225 | By drop pattern plate or support: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus which includes means for holding the flask and
pattern while the mold is being formed and which will be capable
of drawing the pattern downwardly from the mold.
| (1)
Note. Generally the pattern is mounted on reciprocal pattern
head means for positioning and stripping the pattern. | |
| |
234 | Including vent or vent forming means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus which includes means defining venting passages
in the core box or means for forming vents in the shaped core member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
410, | for vents or vent forming apparatus, per se. |
|
| |
235 | Pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus comprising a forming element, i.e., pattern or
part of pattern, for shaping a mold. |
| |
237 | Including flask member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus in combination with a container or box without
top and without fixed bottom for confining mold material in which
the same is being shaped.
| (1)
Note. The flask may either consist of (1) the cope, (2) the
drag or (3) the cope and drag. | |
| |
238 | Pattern or pattern holding member supported by aperture
in flask or flask member: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Apparatus wherein the pattern or pattern holding member
is supported by apertures in the flask wall or flask supporting
member, e.g., follow board, etc.
| (1)
Note. The flask supporting member may be a plate or follow
board upon which the flask walls and pattern rest, e.g., a flask
supported on a follow board having an aperture in which the pattern
rests would be encompassed herein. | |
| |
239 | Pattern plate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Apparatus wherein the pattern is (1) a match pattern plate
or (2) the pattern is temporarily or permanently supported by the
plate or board during the mold shaping operation. |
| |
241 | Pattern plate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus including plate means for temporarily or permanently
supporting patterns and parts of patterns during molding combined solely
with the patterns themselves. |
| |
242 | Gated pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Apparatus which include gate former means attached to the
pattern - match plate proper. |
| |
243 | Pattern mounted on both sides of plate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Apparatus with a cope pattern located on one side of the
pattern plate and a drag pattern located opposite said cope pattern
on the other side of the plate, said apparatus being an integral
unit. |
| |
244 | Sprue, gate or runner: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus which includes means for forming a sprue, gate
or runner in the mold.
| (1)
Note. The means for forming the sprue, gate or runner is
generally attached to the pattern. | |
| |
248 | Loose piece type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Apparatus wherein the pattern is composed of at least two
parts which are relatively separable. |
| |
249 | Composite or plural part: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus for patterns defined in terms of a series of materials
whether or not other structural features of the pattern are recited. |
| |
250.1 | MEANS TO DIRECTLY APPLY ELECTRICAL OR WAVE ENERGY TO WORK: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes means to apply an energy quantity
directly to work material either as (a) wave energy in the frequency spectrum
above the lower audio frequency range, (i.e., fifty cycles per second),
or (b) an electric field or force.
| (1)
Note. In order for radiant energy to be placed herein, the
radiant heat must be specifically claimed. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48+, | for processes of direct application of electrical
or wave energy to work. |
|
| |
253 | MEANS TO APPLY VACUUM DIRECTLY TO WORK OR TO HOLD OR MANIPULATE
SHAPING MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means for (1) exhausting or partially
exhausting air or other gas from the work material, (2) directly
applying a vacuum or suction to work material either in a melting
furnace, material receptacle, or before, during or after charging
of the work material into a shaping member, or (3) applying vacuum
or suction to the apparatus or portions thereof for positioning,
retaining or aligning of parts.
| (1)
Note. The application of the vacuum or suction may perform
a dual function, e.g., exhaust air or other gases from the mold
or work material and also effect movement of the work material. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16+, | for process of utilizing a vacuum. |
|
| |
256 | Enclosed system including a receptacle and mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Apparatus which includes means for directly applying a vacuum
or suction in a closed system encompassing a receptacle and a casting mold.
| (1)
Note. The closed system may include a melting furnace, an
intermediate charging chamber and a casting chamber and the vacuum
or suction may be applied in all or any one of them. | |
| |
258 | Including melting chamber receptacle: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Apparatus wherein the closed system includes a melting chamber
receptacle.
| (1)
Note. The recitation of a melting furnace without claimed
heating means is sufficient for this subclass. | |
| |
259 | MEANS PROVIDING INERT OR REDUCING ATMOSPHERE: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means for providing a special inert
or deoxidizing atmosphere.
| (1)
Note. To be within the scope of this subclass, the inert
or deoxidizing atmosphere must be claimed as such. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
66.1+, | for processes of applying an inert or reducing gaseous
atmosphere to work. |
475, | for continuous casting processes including a reducing
gas or inert atmosphere. |
|
| |
260 | INCLUDING VIBRATOR MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means for effecting a vibratory
motion.
| (1)
Note. "Vibratory" includes any form of reciprocating
or oscillating jarring motion. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
478, | for processes of vibrating while continuously casting. |
|
| |
262 | WITH PRODUCT SEVERING OR TRIMMING MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes casting means combined with means
for cutting or trimming the casting while it is associated with
the mold or a portion of the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 52 for static molds employing a static means to produce
a groove or depression in the product to facilitate breaking or
cutting. |
|
| |
266 | WITH METAL REFINING MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes a means to chemically purify an
ore or combined metal to produce a metal value.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, | Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions
for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for processes for producing
metals. |
266, | Metallurgical Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for refining apparatus. |
423, | Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,
subclasses 1+ for chemical processes of obtaining metal containing
compounds from mixtures. |
|
| |
267 | WITH COATING MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes a means to apply a layer to a base
by a coating operation which base and layer are to be a composite product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, | Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for coating apparatus. |
|
| |
269 | WITH MEANS FOR HANDLING EXPELLED CAST PRODUCT: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes a means for placing, conveying
or otherwise moving in a nonmanufacturing manner the product or
product portion of a casting operation after the product or product
portion has been separated for the shaping surface.
| (1)
Note. Merely ejecting or removing the product from a mold
will not bring the patent to this subclass. The manipulation must
be more than a mere perfecting of the casting operation. | |
| |
270.1 | COMBINED: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes a means to perform an operation
which is, per se, not of this class and is not a perfecting means
for an operation of this class. |
| |
271 | MEANS TO SHAPE METALLIC MATERIAL: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus wherein such apparatus provides a surface to impart
a shape to molten metal as it freezes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
425, | Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for molding apparatus for shaping
or reshaping fluent or plastic material not elsewhere provided for;
especially see
subclasses 78+ for means for molding powdered metal. |
428, | Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
subclasses 544+ for stock materials, e.g., of indefinite length,
which are all metal or have adjacent metal components. |
|
| |
272 | Metal revolving or tumbling type shaping means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus wherein a means is employed to shape molten metallic
material by peripherally confining, or engaging with a surface only
a relatively small portion of the body of molten material, but shaping
the entire body by moving it across the surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
65, | Glass Manufacturing,
subclasses 21.1+ and 142+ for processes and apparatus respectively
for particulate bead or ball making. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 5+ for molten metal comminuting and solidifying processes. |
425, | Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus,
subclasses 332+ for a ball former comprising means imparting a
rolling action to a discrete charge of nonmetallic material. |
|
| |
284 | Pressure shaping means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus wherein the means shapes by a force other than
gravity.
| (1)
Note. The term pressure shaping includes all force type operations
of bringing the metal into contact with a shaping surface, e.g.,
centrifugal force, kinetic force, fluid pressure force, etc., except
those operations where the only force is the static head of the
casting material acting through a riser or gate, i.e., gravity force. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
120, | for processes of applying pressure to material in
a mold. |
|
| |
285 | Including a pressure gas or pressure vapor generator: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Apparatus which includes a means for generating a gaseous
product to provide the pressure shaping force.
| (1)
Note. The gas is generally produced by a chemical reaction
or by volatilization. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48, | for processes of shaping liquid metal against a
forming surface utilizing an explosive force. |
307, | for manually operated pressure generating means
for charging molten metal. |
|
| |
286 | Centrifugal casting means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Apparatus where the means shapes by centrifugal force.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114+, | for processes of centrifugally casting metal. |
451, | for continuous or semi-continuous casting processes
utilizing centrifugal force. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, | Liquid Purification or Separation,
subclasses 360.1+ for liquid centrifugal extractors. |
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 137+ for a centrifugal mold. |
425, | Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus,
subclass 425 , for molding apparatus utilizing mold motion (e.g.,
centrifugal molding, etc.), to shape a nonmetal. |
|
| |
287 | Having balancing means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus which includes means to compensate or correct
a weight differential across the axis at rotation.
| (1)
Note. To be included herein, a balancing means does not have
to be adjustable, e.g., it may be a permanent mass diametrically
opposite a mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
289, | for molds which may disclose the counterweight. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, | Machine Element or Mechanism,
subclass 573.1 for flywheels with fluid balancing means. |
|
| |
291 | Having mold expansion or warpage compensator: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus having means to accommodate or neutralize deformations
in the dimensions of the apparatus during the casting operation.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are apparatus constructions which are
specifically determined to prevent warpage or expansion deformations
from being detrimental even though a separate member or compensator
is not provided. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
435, | for molds having expansible walls in continuous
casting apparatus. |
|
| |
296 | Having plural mold cavities: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus having plural cavities extending around the axis
of rotation, each of said cavities forming a separate product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
290, | for centrifugal molds having plural radially disposed
molds. |
322, | for plural independent molds. |
350+, | for sand molds having plural article forming cavities. |
|
| |
297 | Having coolant applying means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus which includes means to apply to a mold or product
a material to extract heat therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
348, | for means to apply coolant to a mold or casting. |
|
| |
303 | Injection type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Apparatus wherein the pressure acts upon a body of the charge
to force it into a confined shaping area to be shaped by said pressure. |
| |
304 | Including valved mold gate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Apparatus wherein a stopper or cutoff means is present in
the feed port of a mold for closing the opening.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133+, | for a process of controlling the introduction of
liquid metal against a forming surface. |
142, | for apparatus for casting printing plates including
a melting chamber having a valved gate. |
337, | for means to shape metallic material including a
ladle or crucible type melt receptacle having flow control means. |
|
| |
305 | Including means to vent die cavity or gate: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Apparatus which includes means specifically provided for
facilitating the removal of gas in the article forming cavity proper
or the introduction port thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61+, | for processes of shaping liquid metal against a
forming surface utilizing a vacuum. |
254+, | for casting apparatus of this class having means
to apply vacuum or suction directly to the molten casting material. |
410, | for vent or vent forming apparatus, per se. |
|
| |
306 | Direct pneumatic charging means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Apparatus wherein the injection means includes means to
apply a gas pressure directly to the casting material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119, | for processes of shaping liquid metal against a
forming surface by direct fluid pressure. |
285, | for pressure shaping apparatus including a pressure
gas or pressure vapor generator. |
|
| |
307 | Manually operated pressure generator: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Apparatus which includes a hand manipulated producer for
the pneumatic charging pressure.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are those patents wherein muscle power
is utilized in generating the pneumatic pressure force. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284, | for manually operated pneumatic pressure generating
means for applying secondary pressure. |
|
| |
309 | Hot chamber type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Apparatus wherein the pneumatic pressure means forces the
metal directly from a melting unit or part thereof to the casting
cavity.
| (1)
Note. Apparatus is included herein where a nozzle acceptor
or charge form the melting unit but remains at least partially submerged
in the molten metal of the unit. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
316+, | for casting apparatus of the hot chamber type which
utilizes a piston-cylinder charger. |
|
| |
311 | Front loading nozzle: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 310. Apparatus which includes a charging chamber and spout having
provision for introduction of the charge through the ejection end
of the spout, i.e., through the spout port that contacts the mold
gate.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
336, | for means to shape metallic material which includes
a rotatable or dipper type dispenser. |
|
| |
312 | Piston-cylinder charger: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Apparatus wherein the injection means comprises a piston
operating through a cylinder directly on the fluid casting material. |
| |
315 | Having multi-way valve control unit: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Apparatus wherein the hydraulic piston is controlled by
a single valve having three or more flow lines with an actuator
arranged so as to determine the relative order, duration or flow through
each of the several flow lines.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, | Fluid Handling,
subclasses 625+ for fluid handling systems employing a multi-way
valve. |
|
| |
316 | Hot chamber type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Apparatus wherein the piston means forces the metal directly
from a melting unit or charge chamber to the casting cavity.
| (1)
Note. Apparatus is included herein where the charge is first
segregated into a charging chamber while in the melting area. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
309, | for apparatus wherein direct pneumatic charging
means forces the metal directly from a melting unit to the casting
cavity. |
335, | for means to shape metallic material including a
ladle or crucible type melt receptacle. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, | Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for dispensing means in general. |
|
| |
318 | Fluid actuated piston: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Apparatus which includes a fluid pressure operated piston-charger.
| (1)
Note. The piston may be directly operated by the fluid pressure
or the operating force may be generated by fluid pressure and transmitted
by mechanical linkages. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
312, | for a cold chamber type fluid actuated piston charger. |
|
| |
319 | Inelastic compression means for confined metal: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Apparatus wherein the pressure shaping means is a solid
member which is applied to the metal after it is in the mold or
otherwise confined.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119, | for a process of applying direct fluid secondary
pressure to confined metal. |
120, | for a process of applying pressure after the introduction
of metal into a confining means. |
284, | for means to apply a pneumatic secondary pressure
force to confined metal. |
|
| |
321 | Fluid pressure actuated: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Apparatus which includes a fluid pressure actuated piston
compression means.
| (1)
Note. The inelastic compression member may either be directly
or indirectly actuated by fluid force. | |
| |
322 | Plural independent molds: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus which includes two or more molds which do not
rely upon each other for shaping a complete product and are not
filled by the same sprue, gate or runner.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18, | for process of shaping fluent material to sequentially
form discrete molds. |
129+, | for a process of casting plural articles. |
167, | for mold shaping including metal casting means. |
296, | for centrifugal casting means having plural mold
cavities. |
350+, | for sand type molds having individual mold cavities
for forming plural products which are filled by a common sprue,
gate or riser. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 81 and 119+ for static type molds having
a community feature. |
|
| |
323 | Including mold translocating means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Apparatus which includes means to change the loci of the
molds.
| (1)
Note. To be included herein the mold must leave one locus
for another. Mere movement at one locus is insufficient, e.g.,
moving mold parts together, tilting of a mold, etc. | |
| |
326 | Having a vertical axis of rotation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Apparatus wherein the table or wheel is mounted to turn
around a vertical axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
108, | Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces,
subclasses 20+ , for horizontal power driven tables. |
|
| |
327 | Mold have separable part: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Apparatus wherein the molds have two or more shaping parts
which are moved relative to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137, | for a mold assembling processes of this class. |
168, | for mold shaping and assembling means including
metal casting means. |
339+, | for means to shape metallic material including means
to assemble mold parts. |
364+, | for a sand type shaping surface comprised of separable
parts. |
377+, | for a flask or flask section having size adjustable
features. |
384+, | for plural part flask or flask sections. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 155+ , for a static container type mold having a size
adjustable feature, subclasses 160+ for a static container
type mold having plural mold sections and subclasses 184+ for
a plural section static core member. |
|
| |
329 | Chain conveyor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Apparatus wherein the molds are moved in their circuit by
a flexible, endlessly linked carrier. |
| |
330 | Molds having separable parts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus in which the serial molds each are made of two
or more parts which are relatively movable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137, | for mold assembling processes of this class. |
168, | for mold shaping and assembling means including
metal casting means. |
339+, | for means to shape metallic material including means
to assemble mold parts. |
364+, | for a sand type shaping surface comprised of separate
parts. |
377+, | for a flask or flask section having size adjustable
features. |
384+, | for plural part flask or flask sections. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 155+ for a static container type mold having a size
adjustable feature, subclasses 160+ for a static container
type mold having plural mold sections and subclasses 184+ for
a plural section static core member. |
|
| |
331 | Including mechanical ejector for product: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Apparatus which includes a mechanical member which contacts
the mold or product to separate the cast product from the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
344+, | for means to shape metallic material including product
ejection means; and the search notes thereto for apparatus of this
class including ejector means. |
404+, | for, per se, means to separate a cast product from
a shaping member. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 66.1 , for static type molds including product ejecting means. |
|
| |
332 | Including means to hold or position preformed product part
in shaping area: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus which includes means for holding or positioning
a preformed part, which is to become a part of the final cast product,
in a mold during the casting operation.
| (1)
Note. To be included in this and indented subclasses the
preform must be disclosed as a desired element of the product. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9+, | for process of shaping a forming surface within
which is embedded a preform which is to become part of the final
product. |
98+, | for processes of forming a composite article wherein
a preform is incorporated into the metal cast, particularly see
subclass 112 for methods of positioning a preform relative to the
shaping surface. |
228, | for means of pressure casting including means to
hold or position a preformed product part. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 83+ for static molds means providing for uniting a preform
with the metal being cast. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 259+ , for processes of shaping and uniting material
other than metal to a performed product part. See subclasses 275+ for
processes of positioning or maintaining position of preform relative
to mold surface. |
|
| |
333 | Means for positioning plural preforms: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus having means for positioning plural preform bodies
in a mold cavity.
| (1)
Note. The plural preforms may be in contact or may be in
spaced relationship. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10+, | for process of shaping a forming surface within
which is embedded plural preform bodies which are to become an integral
part of the final product. |
|
| |
334 | Means other than mold surface supports preform: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus having means other than the mold (core) surface
for supporting or holding the preform body.
| (1)
Note. A mere clamp, e.g., a device integral with or abutting
a molding surface which also aids in supporting the preform, is
not considered to be "other" support means. |
| (2)
Note. A separate and distinct means employed to support a
preform in a particular location within the mold cavity where said
means becomes a part of the cast product is considered to be within the
scope of "other" support means and is included
herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 91+ for static type molds including means other than
the mold surface for supporting a preform body in the mold cavity. |
|
| |
335 | Including ladle or crucible type melt receptacle: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus including a receptacle or container for holding
and/or dispensing the molten material into a shaping member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
256, | for vacuum systems including a melt receptacle. |
437+, | for continuous casting means having means to dispense
or distribute a metal charge. |
311, | for front loading nozzle type pneumatic injection
machines. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, | Dispensing, for dispensing type metal ladles. |
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 105+ , for permanent-type shaping surface having static
filling means. |
|
| |
336 | Rotatable with mold or dipper type dispenser: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 335. Apparatus wherein either (1) the melt receptacle is rotatable
together with the mold to fill same or (2) a ladle, which removes
a portion by dipping from a larger melt receptacle, turns over to
dispense the charge into a mold. |
| |
338.1 | Including means to heat mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Including means to heat mold:Apparatus including means to
heat the mold.
| (1)
Note. The heating means may be integrated within the metal-shaping
surface or external thereto. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
103+, | for processes of preconditioning a preform by preheating
said preform to perfect the bonding between it and the metal cast. |
121, | for processes of preconditioning apparatus by heating. |
122+, | for processes of controlling solidification by heating. |
144, | for heating means combined with means for casting
printing plates. |
250.1+, | for means to directly apply electrical or wave energy
to work including for heating purposes. |
492, | for processes of heating molten metal by electrical
or wave energy while forming said metal against a shaping surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 79 for a static metal mold having electric heating means;
and subclass 80 for static metal mold having means within mold body
to confine heat exchange medium. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 402+ for processes of heating nonmetal cast material
by direct application of electrical or wave energy; and subclasses
319+ for processes of applying heat to a nonmetal cast
material which is shaped against a forming surface. |
|
| |
339 | Including means to assemble mold parts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus which includes means for positioning or maintaining
mold parts in operational relationship before or during casting.
| (1)
Note. The assembling means may encompass machine elements
for effecting and maintaining mating mold parts in working engagement
or may merely encompass means for positioning a cope and drag assembly. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137, | for processes of assembling mold parts. |
168, | for mold shaping and assembling means combined with
a metal casting station. |
292, | for centrifugal casting means having mold or mold
part clamping means. |
374+, | for mold flasks, per se. |
377+, | for size adjustable flasks. |
385+, | for plural part flasks having alignment means. |
394+, | for mold jackets or slip boxes, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 106+ , for plural part metal molds having assembly means. |
269, | Work Holders, appropriate subclasses for a "clamp" means,
per se, to grasp or draw portions of a mold or flask either together
or onto a base or support. |
|
| |
340 | Core positioning means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Apparatus wherein the assembly means are for effecting placement
of a core section into operational engagement with a mold cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30+, | for process of shaping a composite mold structure
wherein the position of the core is maintained relative to the mold. |
370, | for a sand type shaping surface including a core
with integral aligning means. |
397+, | for core centering or supporting means, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 177 for a core element of that class including means to
attach the core to a support. |
|
| |
341 | Having auxiliary means for locking assembled parts in place: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Apparatus having additional means for locking the assembled
mold parts in operational engagement.
| (1)
Note. The locking means may cooperate with the assembly means
but must be in addition thereto. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 167 for plural mold sections having removable means
to maintain assembly including a clamp means and subclasses 168+ for
plural mold sections having fastening means. |
|
| |
342 | Permanent mold parts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Apparatus wherein the mold parts assembled consist of permanent
members.
| (1)
Note. A permanent mold is one which is reusable several times
and is generally constructed of metal. |
| (2)
Note. Sand resin mold structures, e.g., shell molds are not
considered permanent mold structures to be placed herein. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
303+, | for injection pressure shaping means. |
|
| |
343 | Fluid pressure means actuator: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 342. Apparatus wherein fluid pressure actuated means effects
the positioning of the permanent mold parts into assembled relationship.
| (1)
Note. The fluid pressure may act either directly or indirectly
upon the mold parts. | |
| |
344 | Including means to eject or separate product from shaping
surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus including means to remove or withdraw a cast product
from a forming surface or vice versa.
| (1)
Note. The removal or withdrawal may be with respect to a
mold or core or both. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
131+, | for processes of removing a product from a forming
surface. |
145, | for means of stripping cast printing plates. |
180, | for means to withdraw mold parts after shaping a
forming surface. |
213, | for means for separating mold from shaping member
subsequent to its formation. |
295, | for means to remove product from centrifugal casting
means. |
401+, | for means, per se, to eject or strip product from
shaping surface. |
441+, | for apparatus means for continuous or semi-continuous
casting including a product withdrawal means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 66.1 , for metal shaping surface including means to remove
or release product from said surface; subclass 136, for static mold with
a bottom movable through upstanding mold walls to aid product removal;
subclasses 178+, for internal mold means (core) including
means to contract core thereby aiding its removal from a product
and subclass 183, for flexural shaping surface means which characteristic
aids in product removal. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 334+ , for processes of separating non-metal molded article
from shaping surface. |
|
| |
345 | Means to remove core: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Apparatus having means for separating a core from the cast
product.
| (1)
Note. The apparatus found herein may also effect removal
of the cast product from the mold in addition to performing a core
removal operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132, | for processes of core removal. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 63+ for a static mold including a core and means to
remove the core. |
|
| |
346 | Sectional or plural part core: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Apparatus wherein the core means utilized is constructed
of sectional or plural parts to facilitate removal from the cast
product.
| (1)
Note. The plural parts of the core may be movably attached
and thusly collapsible or may be composed of loose pieces. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
369, | for a sand type shaping surface including a core
member. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 178+ for expansible and/or contractible metal cores
and subclass 184 for plural section cores. |
|
| |
347 | Utilizing ejector pin means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Apparatus wherein push element means, e.g., ejector pins,
are utilized for contacting the cast product and affecting separation
from the forming surface.
| (1)
Note. The ejector pins may or may not be an integral part
of the forming surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
406, | for ingot stripping pin means, per se. |
|
| |
348 | Including means to apply coolant to mold or casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus including means to apply coolant to mold or casting
or means within its surface to confine a heat exchange medium.
| (1)
Note. Coolant means may be integrated within the mold body
or external thereto. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122+, | for processes of controlling solidification, particularly
subclasses 126 and 128 for processes of utilizing a cooling liquid. |
144, | for printing plate casting means having auxiliary
cooling means. |
297, | for means to apply coolant to centrifugal casting
means. |
443+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting means having
a casting material cooling means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 79+ , for permanent type static metal mold having means
within its surface to confine heat exchange medium; and subclass 111
for static mold including solid heat conductor, e.g, chill. |
|
| |
349 | United particle type shaping surface (e.g., sand, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus wherein the shape imparting surface is composed
of particles which retain their individual identity and are bonded
or adhered to one another.
| (1)
Note. The shaping surface in this and indented subclasses
are static, i.e., the shaping surface does not move in any way,
once they are assembled, in order to effect shaping of the cast
metal. |
| (2)
Note. By the term "sand" is meant granular
particles resulting from the breakdown of rocks. Sand particles
have refractory characteristics. The term includes "silica
sand" from quartz and other siliceous rocks which comprises
50 to 95 per cent of the total material in any molding sand; specially
sands such as zirconite and olivine. Also included are other particular
material such as carbon, clays, etc. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165+, | for means to make shell type molds. |
169+, | for means to shape molds from particulate materials. |
348, | for sand mold including cooling means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds, for metal molds having a sand coated shaping surface.
The sand coating takes the shape of the metal mold and does no
shaping, per se. |
|
| |
350 | Mold having individual mold cavities for forming plural
products: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus wherein the sand type shaping surface has more
than one cavity for forming a separate and distinct product.
| (1)
Note. The plural cavities are filled through a common sprue. |
| (2)
Note. The products produced may be totally different in design. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
322+, | for plural independent molds not filled through
a common sprue. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 119+ , for plural article forming static nonsand type
molds. |
|
| |
351 | Including core in at least one cavity: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Apparatus having an inner removable core in at least one
of the mold cavities.
| (1)
Note. The combination of a mold and internal core is found
in this class so long as one of the elements is composed of sand. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30+, | for process of forming plural part shaping surface
and positioning core relative to a forming surface. |
98+, | for process of forming a composite article by embedding
a preform in or surrounding it with cast metal, e.g., a metal tubular
core of one composition could be positioned in a sand mold and metal
of a different composition cast therearound so as to form a tubular
product. |
302, | for centrifugal casting means including a core means. |
340, | for apparatus means to position core within a mold. |
345+, | for means to eject core from mold after casting
has solidified. |
348, | for core member having coolant means therein. |
365+, | for plural separable part molds, e.g., sand molds
comprising a cope and drag and numerous cores, in which intricate
shapes are cast such as radiators and crankshafts. |
369, | for sand cores, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 63 , for metal mold including core; subclasses 142+, for
metal mold having inner removable core for forming recess or opening
in the material cast; subclasses 175+, for metal cores
(internal molds), per se. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 271.1 process of shaping plastic material and embedding
preform therein. |
|
| |
352 | Including metal chill: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus comprising a shaping surface and metal chill combination.
| (1)
Note. A metal chill may be embedded within the sand-type
shaping surface or on the surface thereof. In the latter case, the
chill aids in shaping the cast metal. In the prior case the chill
acts merely as a heat conductor. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
80, | material introduced into mold as a solid where,
e.g., the purpose is to avoid shrinkage. |
98+, | process of casting metal into contact with preform
within the mold cavity and embedding the preform within the shaped
material. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 111 , for nonsand type static mold having solid heat
conductor or insulator. |
|
| |
356 | Hollow annular center section chill (i.e., ring): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 353. Apparatus wherein the shaping surface comprises a metal
chill which is annular and has a hole which shapes a portion of
a product intermediate its ends.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 57 for static molds which produce a ring type product. |
|
| |
357 | Consumable chill: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Apparatus wherein the chill is incorporated within the cast
metal product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9, | for process of making sand mold wherein product
part is embedded in the mold material. |
80, | for process of molding metal wherein material, e.g.,
a consumable chill, is introduced into the mold as a solid. |
107, | for process of making a composite article wherein
a preform is a chill member. |
127, | for processes of casting wherein a chill member
is utilized to effect localized or zone heat dissipation. |
236, | for chill supporting pattern members. |
371, | for chills, per se, if the chills are used as a
means to shape metallic material. |
412, | consumable chills, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 111 for a static nonsand mold including a chill member. |
|
| |
358 | Including apertured strainer means for separating unwanted
component from casting material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus having apertured filter means for preventing the
inclusion of unwanted components, e.g., dross, dirt, oxides, etc.,
in the cast product.
| (1)
Note. The strainer element to be included herein must have
three or more apertures or openings. |
| (2)
Note. The apertured strainer element may be located in the
gate, runner, sprue or riser portions of the mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61+, | for processes of casting utilizing a vacuum. |
134, | for processes of casting including the step of separating
an unwanted component from the melt. |
254+, | for casting apparatus having means for applying
vacuum directly to the molten casting material. |
337, | for casting apparatus including a melt receptacle
having flow control means intermediate the receptacle and mold. |
362, | for a sand type shaping surface having nonapertured
segregating means for separating unwanted components from the molten
cast metal. |
|
| |
359 | Including means to compensate for shrinkage (e.g., shrink
head, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus having means to provide a reservoir of molten
metal for feeding into the mold cavity proper as the metal in the
mold solidifies to compensate for liquid shrinkage.
| (1)
Note. The reservoir, e.g., riser, hot top sink head, etc.,
must be designed to furnish additional metal to the mold cavity proper
after the teeming has ceased. |
| (2)
Note. In a top pouring mold the sprue, gate and riser are
often integrated. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
45, | for processes of making patterns which may have
a riser shaping portion. |
80, | for processes of controlling pipe by insertion of
solid metal into the mold as the cast metal solidifies. |
120, | for processes of pressure casting involving a secondary
pressure application to densify the cast metal. |
122+, | for methods of controlling solidification of the
cast metal. |
162, | for apparatus means for shaping risers. |
244, | for pattern means to shape sprue. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 82 metal mold having means to adjust mold volume during
molding, subclasses 105+ for static filling means in contact
with mold cavity, and subclasses 197+ for sink head or
hot top, per se. |
|
| |
360 | Blind riser: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Apparatus wherein the feeding reservoir, i.e., riser, does
not extend to the mold surface.
| (1)
Note. Generally the blind risers are closed to the atmosphere
by a cap or plug, however, the blind riser may be vented. |
| (2)
Note. The blind riser may be positioned intermediate the
mold cavity proper and the sprue. | |
| |
361 | Shell type mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus wherein the shaping surface is a thin shell-like
mold formed from thermosetting resin-bonded sand mixtures.
| (1)
Note. Generally the shell mold consists of two or more parts,
i.e., cope and drag. |
| (2)
Note. The shell mold may be externally backed up with steel
shot, sand, or similar material. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21, | for processes of shaping shell type molds by spraying
resin containing particulate material against a shaping surface. |
165+, | for shell type molding machine to shape a forming
surface. |
520+, | for processes of shaping shell type molds. |
|
| |
362 | Having means to restrict turbulence of flow during casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus having runner or gate splash and swirl control
means, e.g., runner bushes, runner traps, etc., for providing laminar
flow of the molten metal into the mold cavity proper.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are molds with gates and runners having
specific geometrical shape for reducing flow turbulence. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133+, | for processes of introduction control or manipulation
of charge. |
244, | for combination pattern means including means to
shape a sprue, gate or runner. |
337, | for metallic shaping means combined with a melt
receptacle having flow control or conduit means intermediate the
receptacle and mold. |
358, | for a sand type shaping surface including an apertured
strainer means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 105+ for metal mold including static filling means,
e.g., see subclass 107 for inlet communicating with plural feeding passages;
and subclass 206, for a splash control for a static nonsand type
mold. |
|
| |
363 | Bottom gate or side pouring mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus wherein the runner for feeding the molten metal
into the mold cavity proper is located at or near the bottom of
the cavity or is constructed so as to feed the metal in a substantially
horizontal flow path into the cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
242, | for gated patterns match plates. |
244, | for pattern means including means to shape gate. |
304, | for injection casting apparatus having a valved
gate. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 109 for nonsand static molds having material inlet to
cavity at or near the bottom of cavity. |
|
| |
364 | Comprised of separable parts: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus comprising a multipart shaping surface which parts
are relatively movable.
| (1)
Note. A shaping surface having merely a cope and a drag is
subject matter for these subclasses. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 64 for metal mold having plural cores; subclasses 142+ for
permanent container type molding apparatus having an inner removable
core; and subclasses 160+ for container type molding device having
plural mold sections. |
|
| |
365 | Including a core: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Apparatus wherein one of the separate parts is a member
to be positioned in a mold to provide a product cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
302, | for centrifugal casting means including core means. |
351, | for a mold having a core within each of a plurality
of molding cavities. |
369+, | for sand cores, per se. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 63 for nonsand type static mold including core and
means to remove the core; and subclasses 142+ for nonsand
type static mold including a removable core. |
|
| |
366 | Having embedded sand reinforcing, aligning, or supporting
component: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Apparatus wherein the core contains and at least partially
surrounds an element which aids in strengthening or holding the
core, sand or aids in positioning the core relative to a mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
379+, | for flasks having means to reinforce or retain mold
sand. |
397+, | for core centering or supporting means, per se. |
|
| |
367 | Hollow component: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 366. Apparatus wherein the embedded component is hollow.
| (1)
Note. The component must be hollow when the core member is
functioning as a core in a molding operation to be included herein. | |
| |
369 | Core: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Apparatus wherein the shaping surface is a member which
is to be positioned in a mold to provide a product cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30+, | for processes of maintaining position of core while
shaping a composite, plural part or multilayered mold from fluent
mold material. |
228+, | for means to form sand cores. |
302, | for centrifugal casting means including core means. |
340, | for means to position core within an assemble of
mold parts. |
345+, | for means to shape metal material having in combination
means to eject the core from the product. |
351, | for sand mold having a core within each of a plurality
of molding cavities. |
365+, | for separable part shaping surface (including plural
part cores) where one element is a core. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclasses 63+ for metal molding including metal core means; subclasses
122+ for container-type metal molds for forming plural articles
including a core; subclasses 142+ for container-type molding device
having inner removable core; and subclasses 175+ for static,
nonsand type cores. |
|
| |
370 | Having integral alignment means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 369. Apparatus having means integral with the core so that it
can by those means be positioned in a certain way within a mold
cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
366+, | for a core having embedded sand reinforcing or supporting
component in a shaping surface assembly. |
397+, | for core centering or supporting means, per se. |
|
| |
371 | Chill, shaping type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus directed to a, per se, member which forms a part
of the mold shaping surface and which has a heat conductivity much
greater than that of the remaining parts of the mold.
| (1)
Note. A chill for this subclass must be disclosed for use
in a sand-type shaping surface and must aid in the actual shaping
of the cast material. |
| (2)
Note. The chills found herein generally comprise a formed
metal shaping surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107, | for process of compositing by shaping metal and
uniting to a preform which is utilized to chill the cast metal. |
127, | for a casting process employing a chill member to
control solidification. |
138, | for a casting process utilizing a particular shaping
surface material. |
348, | for metal shaping apparatus including particular
means to apply coolant. |
352+, | for sand-type shaping surface in combination with
a metal chill. |
412, | for a, per se, chill member which does not form
a part of the mold shaping surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 111 for static nonsand molds including a chill. |
|
| |
372 | Vented: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus wherein the chill has openings in its surface
to allow gas to escape.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
410, | for vent or vent forming apparatus. |
|
| |
373 | Circular: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus wherein the chill surface is in continuous arcuate
form.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
356, | for a sand type shaping surface including an annular
chill member. |
|
| |
374 | FLASK OR FLASK SECTION: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus directed to a container or box for confining mold
material while the same is being shaped.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237+, | for patterns combined with flasks. |
|
| |
375 | Including roll or rock-over means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Apparatus which includes a means facilitating oscillatory
movement of the flask about an axis through the flask or at one
side of the flask.
| (1)
Note. Hinged superposed flasks are not considered subject
matter for this subclass, see subclasses 392+ below. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
183+, | for rock-over and roll-over type compacting machines
which include a pattern withdrawal means. |
205, | for a vibrating molding machine with roll or rock-over
feature. |
209, | for a press molding machine with an invertible table. |
224, | for shaping apparatus having inverting means. |
402, | for stripping means including pattern inverting
means. |
409, | for, per se, means for inverting a pattern or mold
member. |
|
| |
376 | Investment type (e.g., dental, etc.): |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Apparatus wherein the flask is one in which material for
making a precision-casting (last-wax or investment casting) mold
is to be contained therein.
| (1)
Note. An investment mold, which to be contained in the type
of flask of this subclass, is characterized by the mold being formed
around and embedding a destructible pattern. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34+, | for processes of forming molds wherein the pattern
is destroyed to remove it. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 54 for static dental type molds. |
|
| |
377 | Size adjustable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Apparatus wherein the flask includes means to change the
dimensions of the flask.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
392+, | for flasks having separable sides with various means
to join the sides. |
|
| |
378 | Height adjustable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 377. Apparatus wherein the adjustable feature of the flask part
is for varying the size of the vertical dimension. |
| |
380 | Sand strip: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Apparatus where the sand mold retaining means is a strip
at the base of the flask section which overlies a portion of the
mold periphery. |
| |
384 | Plural part flask or flask section: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Apparatus wherein the flask or flask section is composed
of more than one separable part.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
364+, | for plural separable part sand type shaping surface. |
377, | for plural part flask wherein parts are assembled
to vary size of the flask. |
379+, | for flask including means to retain or reinforce
mold sand or to position reinforcement. |
|
| |
385 | Including guide means to align superposed flask sections: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 384. Apparatus having means to aid in precise adjustment or correct
relative positioning of superposed flask section.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137, | for processes of assembling mold parts. |
168, | for means to shape a forming surface combined with
metal casting means including means for assembling shaped mold parts. |
339+, | for means to shape metallic material including means
to assemble mold parts. |
|
| |
391 | Hinged type superposed sections: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus wherein the superposed flask sections are provided
at a common meeting edge with a pivot means to allow relative swinging movement
at the edge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375, | for flask having turn over means. |
|
| |
394 | MOLD JACKET OR SLIP BOX: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus directed to a container or enclosure for positioning
around a sand mold to prevent the mold from spreading or breaking down
when molten metal is poured into the cavity therein.
| (1)
Note. The mold jacket or slip box may function to align portions
of plural part molds. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
374+, | for mold shaping flasks or flask sections. |
411+, | for internal mold reinforcement members. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, | Work Holders, appropriate subclasses for a "clamp" means,
per se, to grasp or draw portions of a mold or flask together. |
|
| |
395 | Having size adjustment feature: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 394. Apparatus having means by which the size of the jacket can
be altered.
| (1)
Note. The mold jackets and slip boxes found herein are of
the flexible or nonfixed type. |
| (2)
Note. The size of the jacket or slip box may be altered to
adapt the same to molds having different taper or to different size
molds. | |
| |
396 | Self adjusting type: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Apparatus having panel walls thereof so joined together
that they individually adapt themselves to the surface on which
they are placed.
| (1)
Note. The panel walls to be self-adjustable must act independent
of the will of the operator. | |
| |
397 | CORE CENTERING OR SUPPORTING MEANS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus adapted for insertion in a mold to support or
position a core body relative to the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230+, | for means for shaping a composite core which includes
means for positioning a preformed part. |
366+, | for separable part sand molds with a core having
reinforcement. |
|
| |
398 | Chaplet: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 397. Apparatus wherein the supporting or positioning means consists
of a member which extends from a core surface to a support surface
to space the surfaces. |
| |
399 | Having anchor means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Apparatus wherein the chaplet is positioned by a portion
extending through the core surface or the supporting surface or
by means associated with the core and supporting surface. |
| |
401 | STRIPPER OR EJECTOR: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which has means to disassociate a shaping surface
from the shaped product.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are patents directed to apparatus for
stripping sand from flasks. |
| (2)
Note. The shaped produce can either be a cast product or
a shaped mold structure. |
| (3)
Note. Included herein is, per se, apparatus utilized to disassociate
a pattern or core member from a mold structure by fluidizing or
liquifying. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34+, | for processes of destroying a pattern to disassociate
the same from a shaped mold. |
44, | for mechanical pattern withdrawal processes. |
180+, | for mold material compacting apparatus having means
for withdrawing the forming surface from the shaping means. |
213+, | for mold shaping apparatus including means for separating
the forming surface from the shaping means. |
|
| |
402 | Including means for inverting pattern: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Apparatus including means for inverting a pattern or pattern
plate member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
183+, | for mold material compacting apparatus including
an invertible pattern and having pattern withdrawal means. |
205, | for vibratory mold material compacting apparatus
of the roll or rock-over type. |
209, | for a press type compactor having an invertible
table. |
224, | for mold shaping apparatus having pattern inverting
means. |
409, | for, per se, means to invert a pattern plate or
mold. |
|
| |
404 | Means to separate cast product from shaping surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Apparatus directed to per se means for stripping or withdrawing
a cast product part from a mold or core member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
131, | for a process of removing a cast article from a
forming surface. |
344, | for shaping apparatus including means to eject or
separate product from shaping surface. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
209, | Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, appropriate subclasses for method and apparatus
involving the use of an agitating screen as the sole means for disintegrating
a sand mold or core, regardless of whether the mold or core is in
molding association with a casting or flask. |
241, | Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, appropriate subclasses for processes and apparatus
for disintegrating a mold or core, not associated with a flask or
casting and not involving abrading or a sifting or other assorting
means. |
|
| |
405 | Ingot strippers: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Apparatus directed to means for stripping or withdrawing
cast ingots from their molds.
| (1)
Note. Means for stripping a cast ingot from an ingot stool
is included herein. | |
| |
409 | MEANS TO INVERT A PATTERN PLATE OR A MOLD (E.G., TURN-OVER DEVICE,
ETC.): |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus directed to means actuatable for inverting a pattern
plate shaping member or flask about a horizontal axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
183+, | for molding machines including withdrawal means
having means for inverting pattern, flask, or shaping member. |
205, | for roll or rock-over vibrator type molding machine. |
209, | for press type molding machines having an invertible
table. |
375, | for roll or rock-over flasks. |
|
| |
410 | VENT OR VENT FORMING APPARATUS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes or consists of either (1) a means
for allowing otherwise trapped gases to escape from the apparatus
or (2) means to form such escape means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
234, | for core shaping means including a vent or vent
forming means. |
372, | for vented chills. |
397+, | particularly subclass 400 for vented core supporting
means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 141 for a static mold which includes an auxiliary part for
transmission of fluid, i.e., vent or drain. |
|
| |
411 | REINFORCEMENT FOR MOLD MATERIAL: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus which includes or consists of a member which is
to internally support or strengthen the fluent material making up
a mold or core.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
366, | for core reinforcement in a sand mold. |
379+, | for a flask having means to reinforce the sand. |
|
| |
412 | MISCELLANEOUS, APPARATUS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus not provided for above.
| (1)
Note. Included in this subclass among other apparatus are,
consumable chills, mold weights, rapping plates and wear inserts. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, | Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),
subclass 403 for a paper weight and 404 for miscellaneous weights. |
|
| |
415 | In continuous casting apparatus: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Apparatus wherein the inert or deoxidizing atmosphere is
provided in conjunction with a mold means which forms a portion
of a product as a previously formed contiguous portion of the product
is removed from the mold. |
| |
416 | In continuous casting mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Apparatus wherein the vibratory motion is transmitted to
a mold means employed to form a portion of a product as a previously
formed contiguous portion of the product is removed from the mold. |
| |
417 | Including continuous casting apparatus: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 270.1. Apparatus including a mold means employed to form a portion
of a product as a contiguous portion of the product is removed from
the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
413, | 414 and 449.1+, for continuous casting
apparatus with condition-responsive control means. |
415, | for continuous casting apparatus including means
to provide an inert or reducing atmosphere. |
416, | for continuous casting apparatus with means to vibrate
the mold. |
417, | for continuous casting apparatus combined with means
to perform an operation which is, per se, not of this class and
is not a perfecting means for an operation of this class. |
452+, | and 460+, for continuous casting methods. |
|
| |
418 | Continuous or semicontinuous casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Apparatus wherein a mold means is employed to form a portion
of a product as a previously formed contiguous portion of the product
is removed from the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
413, | 414 and 449.1+, for continuous casting
apparatus with condition-responsive control means. |
415, | for continuous casting apparatus including means
to provide an inert or reducing atmosphere. |
416, | for continuous casting apparatus with means to vibrate
the mold. |
417, | for continuous casting apparatus combined with means
to perform an operation which is, per se, not of this class and
is not a perfecting means for an operation of this class. |
459+, | for continuous casting methods. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
425, | Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus,
subclasses 67+ for plastic filament-forming or film-casting means
comprising a shaping orifice discharging into a liquid bath, and
subclasses 224+ for means casting fluent stock on a shaping
surface with means to provide a continuous length product. |
|
| |
419 | Including means to convey preformed product part to mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus which includes a means to relatively advance a
preformed article part of the mold area.
| (1)
Note. Also included herein are those patents wherein a means
is included to convey a mold past a preform while continuously forming
a metal layer on the preform. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
268, | for coating a continuously cast product outside
of the mold area. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclasses 171.1+ for process of continuously forming composite nonmetallic products. |
|
| |
422 | Rotary mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 421. Apparatus wherein the mold includes means enabling rotation
about its axis to thus form the central cavity by centrifugal force
upon the molten metal. |
| |
426 | Disconnectable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Apparatus wherein means are provided to enable the starter
bar to be separated from the product during the casting operation.
| (1)
Note. A starter bar is considered to be "separated
from the product" even though a part of the bar, or "head", remains
with the casting. |
| (2)
Note. The separation must be performed prior to any severing
operation. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
446, | for a disconnectable starter bar, per se. |
|
| |
428 | Roll couple mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Apparatus wherein a pair of similar revolvable cylinders
provides the moving shaping surface. |
| |
429 | Endless shaping means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Apparatus wherein the moving shaping surface is carried
on or comprises the outer peripheral surface of either (1) an annular
or cylindrical member, or (2) an endless belt or band. |
| |
431 | With plural belts of flexible material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Apparatus including a plurality of endless bands, each of
which comprises a continuous strip of pliant material cooperating
with the flexibly connected rigid elements to define the mold means. |
| |
432 | Plural belts of flexible material: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 429. Apparatus including a plurality of endless bands, each formed
of a continuous strip of pliant material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
431, | for plural belts of flexible material which employ
caterpillar-type shaping means. |
|
| |
433 | Casting wheel and flexible band: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 429. Apparatus wherein the endless shaping means includes an
annular or cylindrical member with a circumferential casting groove
and an adjacent endless band formed of a pliant material, wherein
the shaping area is defined by the groove and band. |
| |
434 | With dispensing feature: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Apparatus wherein significance is attributed to means for
supplying molten metal to the shaping area (e.g., adjustable tundish,
specific pour tube structure, etc.). |
| |
437 | Including means to dispense or distribute metal charge: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus including means to control or direct the supply
of molten metal to the mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
449.1+, | for supply means controlled in response to a variable
condition. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, | Dispensing,
subclasses 591+ for molten dispensers, per se. |
266, | Metallurgical Apparatus,
subclasses 236+ for discharging vessels for molten metal which
include means for treating the same. |
|
| |
438 | Movable dispenser: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Apparatus wherein the supply means is mounted for some form
of movement (e.g., ladle car, tilting tundish, etc.). |
| |
439 | Mold contiguous with or within dispenser: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Apparatus wherein the mold is mounted inside or in contact
with the supply means during the casting operation.
| (1)
Note. "Supply means" includes funnels or
molten metal reservoirs fixed to, or integral with, the mold. | |
| |
441 | Including product supporting or withdrawal means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus including means subsequent to the mold means to
remove or hold the product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
413, | for product withdrawal means controlled in response
to a variable condition. |
447, | for product-supporting or withdrawal means, per
se. |
|
| |
442 | Roller: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 441. Apparatus wherein the means to remove or support the product
includes an annular or cylindrical member which rotates and contacts the
product at points on its periphery.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
448, | for product supporting or withdrawing rollers, per
se. |
|
| |
443 | Having casting material cooling means: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Apparatus including means to positively apply an agent to
remove heat from the casting material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
384, | for means to apply coolant to a mold or casting
generally. |
414, | for means to apply coolant to a casting with control
means responsive to a variable condition. |
|
| |
445 | STARTER BAR: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means to initially close the exit of
a continuous casting mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
425, | for a starter bar in combination with a mold means. |
|
| |
446 | Disconnectable: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Apparatus wherein means are provided to enable the starter
bar to be separated from the product during the casting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
426, | for a disconnectable starter bar in combination
with mold means. |
|
| |
447 | PRODUCT SUPPORTING OR WITHDRAWAL MEANS FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING
APPARATUS: |
| This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means to remove or hold a product subsequent
to its formation in and while still connected to a continuous casting
mold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
441, | for withdrawal means claimed in combination with
mold means.
| (1)
Note. For original placement in this subclass, a patent claim
must recite a structural limitation (e.g., cooling jacket, surface
coating, etc.) which renders the support or withdrawal means peculiar
to the subject matter of this class. | |
|
| |
448 | Roller: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 447. Apparatus wherein the means to remove or hold the product
includes an annular or cylindrical member which rotates about its
axis and contacts the product at points on its periphery.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
442, | for roller means claimed in combination with mold
means. |
|
| |
450.1 | Including sensor comprising electrode or float: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 449.1. Apparatus including means for detecting the process parameter
comprising either an electrically conductive probe or a buoyant
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 290+ , particularly subclasses 305+, for a device
for measuring liquid level using a float. |
|
| |
450.2 | Including radioactive sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 449.1. Apparatus including means for detecting the level of molten
metal in the supply, mold, or a component of the apparatus comprising
means responsive to alpha, beta, or gamma particle emission.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, | Radiant Energy,
subclass 308 for apparatus to inspect solids or liquids including
a radioactive source and subclasses 336.1+ for invisible
radiant energy responsive electric signaling devices, per se. |
252, | Compositions,
subclasses 625+ for radioactive compositions, per se. |
976, | Nuclear Technology, digests 410+ for devices to convert radioactive
energy into electrical energy. |
|
| |
450.3 | Including thermal sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 449.1. Apparatus having means for detecting a process parameter
related to heat (e.g., temperature, heat transfer rate, etc.) of
the melt, product, or apparatus, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclass 295 for a thermal device to measure liquid level. |
374, | Thermal Measuring and Testing,
subclass 54 for a device to determine fluid volume from a thermal
measurement. |
|
| |
450.4 | Including optical sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 449.1. Apparatus having means for detecting the level of molten
metal in the supply or mold comprising light detection means.
| (1)
Note. This subclass includes patents directed to the detection
of both endophotonic (i.e., light generated by the melt or mold
itself) and exophotonic (i.e., light generated by an external source)
energy. |
| (2)
Note. A patent claiming control of feed material in response
to detection or recognition of an image related to the melt or mold
is classified here. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 293 and 323+ for a device to measure liquid
level using illumination or sight glass. |
382, | Image Analysis, appropriate subclasses for image recognition or
processing, per se. |
|
| |
450.5 | Including magnetic sensor: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 449.1. Apparatus including means for detecting the level of the
substance in the supply, mold, or component of the apparatus comprising
means for detecting variation in a local magnetic field.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclass 290 for a device to measure liquid level. |
324, | Electricity: Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 200+ for a device, or subcombination thereof, to sense
or indicate the sensing of a magnetic field. |
|
| |
451 | Of continuous or semicontinuous casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 4.1. Process wherein the testing, sampling, or inspecting or
condition determination is performed in conjunction with casting
a product removed from a molding surface as a further contiguous
portion is cast.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
415, | for continuous casting apparatus provided with inert
or reducing gas atmosphere means. |
416, | for a continuous casting mold provided with vibrator
means. |
417, | for a continuous casting apparatus combined with
other structure not provided for in this class. |
418+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting apparatus,
per se. |
447+, | for product supporting or withdrawal means utilized
for continuous casting apparatus. |
459+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting processes
without measuring, testing, inspecting, or controlling steps. |
502+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting apparatus
including means to apply magnetic forces. |
505+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting apparatus
utilizing means to apply electrical or wave energy to work material. |
|
| |
452 | And regulating an operation: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Process wherein a detected variation in a casting parameter
is utilized to affect an operation or effect a change to an operation
in response to the variation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122+, | for casting processes controlling solidification. |
144, | for apparatus for casting printing plates including
positive mold cooling means. |
154.1+, | for casting apparatus provided with responsive control
means. |
157, | for casting apparatus provided with control means
responsive to an independent timer. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, | Measuring and Testing,
subclasses 864.01+ for measuring and testing samplers or tollers for
measuring liquid in a receptacle. |
|
| |
453 | Pouring: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Process wherein the effected operation or change includes
the delivery of molten metal to a shaping or casting area.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133+, | for processes of casting including an introduction
control or manipulation of charge step. |
488+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting processes
provided with a specific molten metal pouring step. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, | Dispensing,
subclass 590 for processes of dispensing molten metal. |
|
| |
454 | Product withdrawing: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Process wherein the effected operation or change includes
removing a continuously cast product from a molding surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
441+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting means including
a product supporting or withdrawal means. |
447+, | for a product supporting or withdrawal means for
a continuous casting apparatus. |
|
| |
455 | Cooling: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Process wherein the effected operation or change includes
an application of an agent to remove heat from a shaping surface
or a continuously cast product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
443+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting means having
casting material cooling means. |
458, | for casting processes provided with measuring, testing,
or inspecting steps including a cooling step. |
485+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting processes
provided with specific mold or product cooling steps. |
|
| |
456 | During foundry sand treating or mold making: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 4.1. Process wherein the testing, sampling, or inspecting or
condition determination is performed while foundry mold material
is in the process of being either (a) shaped, or (b) treated (e.g.,
recycled).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6, | for processes of shaping a forming surface. |
|
| |
457 | During feeding of metal to mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 4.1. Process wherein the testing, sampling, or inspecting or
condition determination is performed in conjunction with the introduction
of solid or liquid metal into a mold cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133+, | for casting processes provided with a charge introduction
or manipulation step. |
437+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting means provided
with means to dispense or distribute a metal charge. |
449.1+, | for casting apparatus provided with control means
responsive to material level in a continuous casting apparatus. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
373, | Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces,
subclass 42 for processes of charging or discharging devices
in electric furnaces. |
|
| |
458 | During cooling of mold: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 4.1. Process wherein the testing, sampling, or inspecting or
condition determination is associated with the removal of heat from
a shaping surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
443+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting means provided
with casting material cooling means. |
485+, | for continuous or semicontinuous processes provided
with a specific mold or product cooling step. |
|
| |
459 | Continuous or semicontinuous casting: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Process wherein a portion of a cast product is removed from
a forming mold or surface as a further contiguous portion is cast.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
413, | for continuous casting apparatus provided with product
withdrawal control means. |
414, | for continuous casting product coolant control means. |
415, | for continuous casting apparatus provided with inert
or reducing gas atmosphere means. |
416, | for a continuous casting mold provided with a vibrator
means. |
417, | for a continuous casting apparatus provided for
means other than a perfecting feature or specifically provided for
in a class other than 164. |
418+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting apparatus. |
447+, | for a product supporting or withdrawal means in
a continuous casting apparatus. |
449.1+, | for a continuous casting apparatus provided with
responsive control means responsive to material level. |
502+, | for continuous casting apparatus including means
to directly apply magnetic forces. |
505+, | for continuous casting apparatus provided with means
to directly apply electrical or wave energy to work. |
|
| |
460 | Including product cutting or breaking: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Processes which includes the step of finishing the cast
product by mechanically cutting or breaking the cast product while
a contiguous portion thereof is still associated with the forming
mold.
| (1)
Note. Refer to Class 164, class definition, References to
Other Classes, in the reference to Class 29 for the line between
Class 29 and Class 164. |
| (2)
Note. Flame cutting is considered mechanically cutting for
purposes of this subclass. |
| (3)
Note. The term "mold" as used herein includes
(a) the core or cores, (b) corelike elements associated with gate
portions of the casting and used for handling, and (c) conveying
means serving to support a continuous casting while said casting
is still associated with the mold. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
70.1, | for a casting step provided with a product trimming,
cutting, or breaking step. |
78, | for processes of incorporating a product dividing
member during casting. |
140, | for apparatus to cast printing plates including
means for cutting or trimming the casting. |
161+, | for apparatus for shaping a forming surface, e.g.,
mold, including cutting or sweeping means. |
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, | Metal Working,
subclass 527.6 for processes of metal casting followed by a cutting
or removing step. |
249, | Static Molds,
subclass 52 for static molds employing a static means to produce
a groove or depression in the product to facilitate breaking or
cutting. |
264, | Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes,
subclass 161 for flash or sprue removal in a plastic molding
operation. |
|
| |
461 | Forming a composite article: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Process wherein the product is multipart or multilayered
with at least two distinctive zones of metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91+, | for processes of producing composite article. |
496, | for casting processes directly applying electrical
or wave energy to work by electrical discharge forming composite
articles. |
|
| |
462 | Forming filament, wire, or ribbon: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Process wherein the cast product formed is a thin rod, rodlike
or striplike member.
| (1)
Note. Included herein are patents unique by the nature of
the product produced. Such patents will not generally be cross-referenced
into following process subclasses unless a feature is disclosed
or appears to have general utility in other continuous casting processes. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
423, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting means used
to form filaments or wires. |
|
| |
463 | Utilizing continuously advancing surface: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Process wherein the member is formed by a forming mold or
surface which constantly moves into, through, and out of the molding area.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
427, | for continuous casting apparatus provided with means
to continuously advance a mold part. |
479+, | for other continuous casting processes utilizing
a continuously shaping surface. |
|
| |
464 | Forming a hollow article: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Process wherein the cast product formed contains a central
cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
421+, | for continuous or semicontinuous casting means utilized
to form hollow castings. |
451, | for processes of continuously forming hollow products
by centrifugal force. |
|
| |
466 | Utilizing magnetic force: |
| This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Process wherein a magnetic field is applied to work material
or to the cast product.
| (1)
Note. The term work material implies solid or molten metal,
a thixotropic state thereof, i.e., solid-liquid mixture, or a slurrry
of such metal. |
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147.1+, | for casting apparatus utilizing electromagnetic
means. |
498+, | for casting processes utilizing magnetic energy. |
|
| |