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CLASS 507,	EARTH BORING, WELL TREATING, AND OIL FIELD CHEMISTRY
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

Compositions of matter for use in earth boring, well treating, or preventing contaminant deposits in petroleum oil conduits having or not having structure, physical form, or heterogeneous arrangement of components.

Processes of making, or processes peculiar to making such compositions and for which there is no provision elsewhere.

Mere methods of use of said compositions or of a compound in earth boring, well treating, or in preventing contaminant deposits in petroleum oil conduits.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

Class 507 is to be considered an integral part of Class 252 (after subclass 611) and follows the schedule hierarchy, retaining all pertinent definitions and class lines of Class 252.

The rules for determining Class placement of the Original Reference (OR) for claimed chemical compositions are set forth in the Class Definition of Class 252 in the section LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection COMPOSITION CLASS SUPERIORITY, which includes a hierarchical ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES.

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

SUBCLASSES

90	PREVENTING CONTAMINANT DEPOSITS IN PETROLEUM OIL CONDUITS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Composition specialized and designed for addition to petroleum oils during transportation through conduits to prevent fouling or clogging of the conduits due to components of the petroleum oils precipitating out during the transportation, or method of preparation, or mere method of use of said composition or a compound for the purposes mentioned above. (1) Note. This subclass also includes those processes of treating the oils during transportation with nonmineral oil additives which are distinguished by the composition employed and do not include any significant manipulative steps. The broad steps of introducing the additives and using pressure or other means recited by name only to continue conveyance of the oil through the conduit will not take the patent out of the scope of this subclass. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 901, and 902-910, for Art Collections pertaining to subclasses 90-145. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 44,  Fuel and Related Compositions,   appropriate subclasses for processes of treating fuel oils to prevent corrosion of pipelines used to transport such fuel oils. 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclass 13 for miscellaneous processes of handling materials in flow lines wherein flow of the fluent material is facilitated by the addition of material which affects the flow characteristics of the fluent material or by the application of heat or other forms of energy. 208,  Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,   subclass 47 for processes of preventing corrosion of the equipment during chemical conversion of mineral oils, subclasses 177+ for processes of preventing corrosion of equipment by refining the mineral oil to remove impurities which may cause such corrosion, and subclass 370 for miscellaneous treatments of mineral oils during transportation through conduits. 252,  Compositions,   subclasses 387+ for an anti-corrosion composition of general utility. 508,  Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant and Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions,   subclasses 110+ , for mineral lubricating oil compositions which contain additives for preventing corrosion of the pipe lines during transportation of the oil. 516,  Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,   subclasses 31+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid or semisolid phase dispersed in primarily organic continuous liquid phase, subclasses 38+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized bituminous, coal, or Carbon phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liquid phase, subclasses 77+ for colloid systems of colloid-sized solid phase dispersed in aqueous continuous liquid phase; or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing (including preventing settling, suspending agents, antiflocculants) such systems or agents; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

100	EARTH BORING:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Earth boring composition which is (a) a liquid, gas, or fluid solid composition or compositional additive therefor which is specialized and designed for use in earth boring while drilling is in progress, e.g., a well drilling mud; (b) process of preparing said composition; or (c) mere method of use of said composition or a compound for the purpose of (a) above. (1) Note. An earth boring additive consisting of a single compound is classified in one of the compound classes (e.g., Classes 260, 423, etc.). (2) Note. Examples of compositional additives included in this and the indented subclasses: filter/water loss reducing agents, lost circulation controlling agents, packer fluids, corrosion inhibitors, gas hydrate inhibitors, lubricant additives for prevention of stuck pipe, other agents disclosed as useful in the physical or chemical control of the well fluid or borehole environment while drilling. (3) Note. Methods of use included in this and the indented subclasses are those whose operative steps are limited to: (a) preparative steps of the fluid or additive prior to or concurrent with injection into the wellbore, (b) mere circulation or injection of a compound or composition while drilling, or (c) mere mixing of a compound or composition with a circulating fluid. The mere circulation of a drilling fluid encompasses the pumping of said fluid into and out of the wellbore and returning said fluid back into the well. The recitation of a universal practice, such as the mere removal of cuttings from the fluid, does not take a method claim out of this subclass. Required characteristics of the borehole environment will not take a method claim out of this subclass, e.g., temperature, presence of specific materials, or conditions of the earthen formation. (4) Note. Where a component is generically presented in inconsistent or functional terms (e.g., surfactant, fluid loss control agent, etc.) in some of the claims, any material(s) later specified as encompassed within the scope of said terms will limit said terms for classification purposes. For example, if claim 1 calls for a surfactant and claim 2 specifies the surfactant as being a PEG ether, and there are no other claims specifying the surfactant differently, then the original claim is classified in subclass 136 and the general rules of cross-referencing still follow. (5) Note. The following rule applies to subclasses 101-139. Traditional rules of classification require no mandatory cross-references beyond the lowest controlling claim covered by this schedule. It is strongly recommended that documents be cross-referenced according to all appropriate subclasses, mandatory or not, based on all discrete organic components of the claimed composition. For example, a composition comprising hydroxyethylcellulose, a higher fatty acid, and lignite is classified in subclass 107 as the original and additional cross-references in subclasses 114 and 138 are highly recommended. (6) Note. When both ions of a salt are organic, each ion is classifiable as a separate component. This is based on the fact that when in solution the two ions of a salt separate into two distinct components, each one having a distinct function. For example in this schedule, fatty acid salts of imidazoline are classified first on the nitrogen-containing imidazoline cation and second on the fatty acid anion. However, if a salt is presented that contains an organic ion with an organic counterion alternatively with an inorganic counterion and the organic counterion is not controlling for classification purposes, then only the former organic ion will be classified. (7) Note. Lost circulation agents are included herein which may or may not be used while drilling is in progress. There is sufficient confusion over the difference between lost circulation and fluid loss to warrant the above exception. (8) Note. Patents are classified in this and the indented subclasses based on the materials introduced into the wellbore. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 166,  Wells,   subclasses 244.1+ , for well processes involving more manipulative detail than in (3) Note, above. 175,  Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   or processes involving a positive recitation of boring or cutting the earth and the (3) Note, above; subclass 42 for processes of testing, measuring, etc., by release of an indicating agent in the drilling fluid; subclass 53 for processes of enlarging an existing borehole; subclass 54 for processes of fluid circulation entirely below ground; subclasses 58+ for processes comprising earth sampling steps; subclasses 61+ for directional drilling processes; subclass 64 for processes comprising a chemical reaction in situ; subclasses 65+ for processes of boring with fluid involving more than the conventional use of fluid; subclass 66 for processes of treating spent or used fluid which has been returned to the earth surface from the borehole; subclass 67 for processes involving fluid erosion; subclass 68 for processes of treating a gaseous drilling fluid to prevent agglomerating or werting by liquid naturally on the borehole; subclass 69 for processes comprising the use of liquid and gaseous materials; subclass 70 for processes comprising drilling with two or more liquids which remain separated in the borehole; subclass 71 for processes of drilling with a gaseous fluid; subclass 72 for processes to prevent circulation losses. 260,  Chemistry, Carbon Compounds,   for preparative methods of organic carbon compounds devoid of a method of use step in earth boring. 423,  Chemistry, Inorganic,   for preparative methods of inorganic compounds devoid of a method of use step in earth boring. 508,  Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant and Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions,   particularly subclasses 110+ , for lubricants in general. 516,  Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,   appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions, dispersions, foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

101	Contains enzyme or living microorganism:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 100.  Composition comprising an enzyme or a microorganism which is living when injected into the wellbore. (1) Note. Cross-referencing within Class 507 according to all remaining organic components of the composition is strongly recommended. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 166,  Wells,   subclass 246 for processes involving the use of a microorganism. 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   subclasses 183+ for enzyme containing compositions and subclasses 243+ for microorganism containing compositions nonspecific to earth boring.

102	Contains intended gaseous phase at entry into wellbore:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 100.  Compositions which have an intentional gaseous phase present as they are initially placed in the wellbore. (1) Note. Drilling fluids comprising the unintended presence of a gas, especially when such presence is avoided, are classified according to the other composition components. (2) Note. A claimed composition with the intended creation of a gas inside the wellbore by in situ reaction is classified according to the components present at entry into the wellbore. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 166,  Wells,   subclasses 270 and 270.2 for injecting gaseous gel and surfactant; subclass 300 for well processes including the creation of a gas inside the wellbore by in situ reaction; and subclasses 401+ for injecting a gas or gas mixture. 175,  Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   subclass 69 for processes comprising the use of liquid and gaseous materials and subclass 71 for processes of drilling with a gaseous fluid.

103	Contains organic component:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 100.  Composition including an organic component which is one having carbon therein and which is further characterized by the presence in the molecule of (a) two carbon atoms bonded together, (b) one atom of carbon bonded to at least one atom of hydrogen or halogen, or (c) one atom of carbon bonded to at least one atom of nitrogen by a single or double bond, with the proviso that hydrocyanic acid, cyanogen, isocyanic acid, cyanamide, cyanogen halides, isothiocyanic acid, metal carbides, and graphite are excluded from being organic compounds. (1) Note. Components or compositions thereof reciting heavy distillation products (i.e., bottoms or pitch) of an originally specified material are classified according to said original material unless said products are otherwise identified. (2) Note. Examples of components included in this subclass which are not provided for below are: petrolatum, paraffin, nonfatty waxes, rubber, organometallic complexes, and other compounds devoid of provided for functional groups, such as lower fatty (i.e., those having less than 7 carbons) organic acids, etc. (3) Note. When a generic oil (e.g., mineral oil, fuel oil, etc.) is disclosed as part of a composition, the composition is classified according to the other components. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 910, for a composition with an oil continuous phase containing no aqueous phase.

104	Organic component is cellular or fibrous material derived from plant or animal source (e.g., wood, nutshell, paper, leather, cotton, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition which contains a cellular or fibrous material derived from a plant or animal source, such as wood, nutshell, seed, cotton, paper, leather, hair, etc. (1) Note. Cellular material includes naturally occurring material which still retains a certain amount of the original tissue structure of the plant or animal. (2) Note. Grinding, pulverizing, and comminuting does not result in the loss of original tissue structure of such material, whereas extracting generally results in the loss of original tissue structure in at least one of the products (i.e., the product being extracted). In an extraction, however, some original tissue structure may not be destroyed, i.e., the material from which a product is being extracted may retain structure. (3) Note. Fossilized materials are not included in this subclass. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 101, for earth boring compositions comprising enzymes or living microorganisms. 107, for fossilized humates. 112+, for cellulose or derivatives thereof, which in the absence of information to the contrary, is presumed devoid of cell structure. 131+, for proteins containing no phosphorous, which in the absence of information to the contrary, is presumed devoid of cell structure.

105	Organic component contains fluorine bonded directly to carbon:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition containing a component having a direct carbon to fluorine bond.

106	Organic component is lignin or humate or derivative thereof (e.g., tannin, quebracho extract, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition which is a lignin or humate component comprising humic or polyphenolic containing substances or derivatives thereof (e.g., tannins, lignins, quebracho extract, pulp liquor, etc.). (1) Note. Included in this subclass is a graft copolymer comprising a humate component grafted onto a polymer or resin.

107	Humate component is fossilized (e.g., lignite, leonardite, brown coal, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 106.  Composition wherein the humate component is fossilized (e.g., lignite, leonardite, brown coal, ASTM Type IV coal, etc.). (1) Note. Included in this subclass is a fossilized humate component grafted onto a polymer or resin.

108	Lignin or humate component contains sulfur or is reacted with substance containing sulfur (e.g., lignosulfonate, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 107.  Composition wherein the lignin or humate component contains sulfur or has been reacted with a substance containing sulfur (e.g., lignosulf(on)ate, sulfoalkylated humates, such as sulfomethylated quebracho, sulfite liquor, etc.). (1) Note. Included in this subclass is a humate component containing sulfur or reacted with sulfur which is also grafted onto a polymer or resin. (2) Note. The final component need not contain sulfur.

109	Includes metal compound other than an alkali or alkaline earth metal compound (e.g., Al, Cr, Fe, Mn, Cu, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 108.  Composition wherein said composition contains a metal compound other than an alkali or alkaline earth metal compound. (1) Note. Alkali or alkaline earth metals include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra. (2) Note. Included within this subclass are compositions which contain: (i) a lignin or humate component containing sulfur or reacted with a substance containing sulfur, and (ii) a metal other than alkali or alkaline earth metal, regardless of whether the two components (i and ii) are part of the same compound.

110	Organic component is carbohydrate or derivative thereof (e.g., sugar or gum, such as galactomannan, xanthan, etc.) or carboxylic acid ester of an alcohol which has five or more hydroxy groups bonded directly to carbons:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition comprising a compound containing an organic component which is a carbohydrate or derivative thereof or a carboxylic acid ester of an alcohol which has five or more hydroxy groups bonded directly to carbons (e.g., sorbitan alkylate, etc.). (1) Note. Carbohydrate denotes a compound with the empirical formula Cx(H2O)y, wherein x is 5 or more and y is 5 or more, or derivative thereof (e.g., isolated gums, (poly)saccharides, sugars, etc.). (2) Note. Included in this subclass is a carbohydrate or derivative which is grafted onto a polymer or resin.

111	Carbohydrate is starch or derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 110.  Composition wherein said carbohydrate is starch or a derivative thereof such as modified starch.

112	Carbohydrate is cellulose or derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 110.  Composition wherein said carbohydrate is cellulose or a derivative thereof. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 104, for fibrous cellulose in which the fibrous character has been retained from an original plant or animal source (e.g., paper, cotton, etc.).

113	Carboxyalkylcellulose (e.g., CMC, CMHEC, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 112.  Composition wherein said cellulose derivative is a carboxyalkylcellulose (e.g., carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), etc.). (1) Note. Also included in this subclass is a carboxyalkylcellulose which has been further derivatized (e.g., hydroxyethylcarboxymethylcellulose (CMHEC), etc.).

114	Hydroxyalkylcellulose (e.g., HEC, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 112.  Composition wherein said cellulose derivative is a hydroxyalkyl ether cellulose (e.g., hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), etc.).

115	Carbohydrate is hydroxyalkyl ether derivative (e.g., HPG, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 110.  Composition wherein said carbohydrate derivative is a hydroxyalkyl ether carbohydrate (e.g., hydroxypropylguar (HPG), etc.). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 114, for hydroxyalkylcellulose.

116	Ester is higher fatty or carboxylic acid ester (e.g., sorbitan oleate, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 110.  Composition wherein said ester is a higher fatty or carboxylic acid ester of an alcohol having five or more hydroxy groups bonded directly to carbons. (1) Note. A higher fatty acid denotes a monocarboxylic acid containing an unbroken chain of at least seven carbon atoms bonded to a carboxyl group.

117	Organic component is solid synthetic resin:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein the organic component is a solid synthetic resin. (1) Note. A solid synthetic resin for the purpose of this class is a polymer which is described as a solid as such or described in one of the following terms: (1) coagulated (2) elastic (3) elastomeric (4) friable (5) meltable (6) molten (7) powder (8) rubber (9) thermoplastic. A wax is not considered to be a solid even if defined by one or more of the above terms. (2) Note. In this area, the classification is dependent on the first appearing monomer which is either part of the polymeric backbone or has been reacted subsequent to polymerization, such as a graft or block copolymer. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 106+, for humate, lignin, lignite, or lignosulfonate graft copolymers. 112+, for carbohydrate or gum graft copolymers. 136, for polyalkoxylates (e.g., polyalkoxylated alkylphenol, etc.) or PEGtype polymers.

118	Resin is polymer derived from ethylenic monomers only (e.g., maleic, itaconic, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 117.  Composition containing a resin which is a polymer derived from ethylenically unsaturated monomers only. (1) Note. Crosslinking an ethylenic polymer with a nonethylenic crosslinking agent will not take the polymer out of this subclass. (2) Note. The ethylenically unsaturated monomer requires the presence of two aliphatic carbon atoms bonded together by a double or triple bond. See Class 526, subclass 72, for a detailed discussion of polymers from only ethylenic monomers.

119	Polymer derived from acrylic acid monomer or derivative:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118.  Composition containing a polymer derived from at least one acrylic acid monomer or derivative, (e.g., from CH2=C(R)-X, wherein X is carbonyl, etc., and R is H or alkyl). (1) Note. Included in this subclass are methacrylate polymers, etc.

120	Nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to the acrylic acid monomer or derivative by nonionic bonding (e.g., acrylamide, acrylonitrile, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 119.  Composition wherein nitrogen is attached to the acrylic moiety through direct or indirect nonionic bonding. (1) Note. A composition with nitrogen as part of a mere counterion to an ethylenic moiety is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, ammonium polyacrylates are included in subclass 119.

121	Sulfur is attached directly or indirectly to the acrylic acid monomer or derivative by nonionic bonding (e.g., acrylamidoalkane sulfonates, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 120.  Composition wherein both nitrogen and sulfur are attached to the acrylic moiety through direct or indirect nonionic bonding, (e.g., acrylamidoalkylsulfonates, etc.). (1) Note. A composition with nitrogen and/or sulfur as part of a mere counterion to an ethylenic moiety is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, poly (N,N,N-trialkyl-aminoalkylacrylate) sulfate salt is included in subclass 120.

122	Sulfur is attached directly or indirectly to the ethylenic monomer by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118.  Composition wherein said polymer contains sulfur attached to an ethylenic moiety directly or indirectly by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. A composition with sulfur as part of a mere counterion to an ethylenic moiety is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, a poly(vinylpyridinium) sulfate is included in subclass 123.

123	Hetero nitrogen ring is attached directly or indirectly to the ethylenic monomer by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118.  Composition wherein said polymer contains a nitrogen containing hetero ring which is attached to an ethylenic moiety directly or indirectly by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. A hetero ring as part of a mere counterion to an ethylenic moiety is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, a pyridinium poly(vinyl sulfate) is classified in subclass 122. An additional cross reference in subclass 130 is highly recommended (see subclass 100, (5) Note). (2) Note. The term "hetero ring" denotes a ring having carbon and at least one atom from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, and tellurium as ring members and contains no other element as a ring member. As the term relates to this subclass, nitrogen must be one of the hetero atoms in the ring.

124	Polymer contains vinyl alcohol unit:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118.  Composition wherein said polymer comprises at least one vinyl alcohol unit. (1) Note. In the absence of information to the contrary, a hydrolysis product of polyvinyl acetate is polyvinyl alcohol and is provided for herein.

125	Carbocyclic ring is attached directly or indirectly to the ethylenic monomer by nonionic bonding (e.g., styrene, vinyl toluene, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 118.  Composition wherein said polymer contains a carbocyclic ring which is attached to an ethylenic moiety directly or indirectly by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. A composition with a carbocyclic ring as part of a mere counterion to an ethylenic moiety is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, a tetraphenylammonium poly(vinyl phosphonate) is classified in subclass 118. An additional crossreference in subclass 129 is highly recommended (see subclass 100, (5) Note).

126	Organic component is asphalt or a component or derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein said organic component is asphalt or a component or derivative thereof. (1) Note. This subclass provides for GILSONITE (a tradename for an asphaltite), manjak, bitumen, brown asphalt, asphaltenes, maltenes, macadem, etc.

127	Organic component contains silicon attached directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein silicon is attached to organic carbon directly or indirectly by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. Included in this subclass are silicones, siloxanes, organosilanes, alkylsilicates, etc. (2) Note. A composition with silicon as part of a mere counterion to an ionic compound is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, a quaternary ammonium silicate is included in subclass 129.

128	Organic component contains phosphorous attached directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein phosphorous is attached to carbon directly or indirectly by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. Included herein are alkyl phosphates, phosphonates, phosphatides (e.g., lecithin), etc. (2) Note. A composition with phosphorous as part of a mere counterion to an ionic compound is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, a quaternary ammonium phosphate is included in subclass 129.

129	Organic component contains nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein nitrogen is attached to carbon directly or indirectly by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. A composition with nitrogen as part of a mere counterion to an ionic compound is not a basis for including such a composition in this subclass. For example, an ammonium alkylsulfonate is included in subclass 135; however, if the ammonium cation is a quaternary alkylammonium, then placement is in subclass 129. An additional crossreference in subclass 135 is highly recommended (see subclass 100, (5) Note). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 140+, for cyanate and isocyanate salts.

130	Nitrogen is part of a hetero ring:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 129.  Composition wherein said component contains nitrogen as part of a hetero ring (e.g., methylene blue, imidazoline, pyridine, piperidine, etc.). (1) Note. The term "hetero ring" denotes a ring having carbon and at least one atom from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, and tellurium as ring members and contains no other element as a ring member. For the purposes of this subclass, the hetero ring requires the presence of nitrogen.

131	Oxygen is attached directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 129.  Composition wherein the organic component contains nitrogen and oxygen, both of which are attached to carbon directly or indirectly by nonionic bonding (e.g., alkanolamines, amino acids, EDTA, etc.). (1) Note. Nitrogen and/or oxygen as part of a mere counterion to an ionic compound does not bring the composition into this subclass (for example, an alkylmagnesium nitrate is classified in subclass 103, above). (2) Note. Solid inorganic oxides treated with a nitrogen containing organic compound are not covalently linked unless there is disclosure to the contrary and are classified in subclass 129.

132	Organic component contains a nitrogen attached directly to oxygen by nonionic bonding (e.g., nitroaromatic, amineoxide, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 131.  Composition wherein the organic component contains a direct nitrogen to oxygen nonionic bond, (e.g., trimethylamine oxide, nitroaromatics, nitrosoaromatics, etc.). (1) Note. Nitrogen and/or oxygen as part of a mere counterion to an ionic compound is not a basis for including a composition in this subclass (for example, an alkylmagnesium nitrate is classifiable in subclass 103, above).

133	Organic component contains an ether linkage:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 131.  Composition wherein the organic component contains an ether linkage; i.e., two carbons directly bonded to the same oxygen atom (e.g., polyoxyalkyleneamines, etc.).

134	Organic component contains sulfur attached directly or indirectly to carbon by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein the organic component contains sulfur directly or indirectly attached to carbon by nonionic bonding (e.g., sulfates, etc.). (1) Note. Sulfur as part of a counterion to an ionic compound is not a basis for including a composition in this subclass (for example, a quaternary alkylarsonium sulfate is classifiable in subclass 103). (2) Note. An organic material which has been sulfurized without identification of a direct carbon-sulfur bond is classifiable herein, whereas an organic material which has been sulfonated is sufficient identification of a carbon-sulfur bond to allow placement of such a component in subclass 135.

135	Organic component contains a sulfur attached directly to carbon by nonionic bonding (e.g., sulfonate, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 134.  Composition wherein the organic component contains a sulfur which is attached to a carbon directly by nonionic bonding (e.g., sulfonates, thiols, mercaptans, thioethers, etc.).

136	Organic component contains ether linkage (e.g., PEG ether, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein the organic component contains an ether linkage to organic carbon (e.g., cyclic ethers, such as pyrans, furans, crown ethers, etc.; linear ethers; and polyethers, such as polyalkoxylated alkylphenols, polyalkylene glycols, etc.).

137	Organic component contains a carbocyclic
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  group (e.g., cyclic alkyl, aromatic, tall oil, etc.): Composition wherein the organic component contains at least one identified ring of carbon atoms (e.g., cyclic alkyls, aromatics, tall oils, such as abietic acid containing compositions, etc.).

138	Organic component is a fat, fatty alcohol, fatty oil, ester-type wax, fatty still residue, or higher fatty acid or salt thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein the organic component is a fat, fatty alcohol, fatty oil, ester-type wax, fatty still residue, or higher fatty acid, including salts thereof. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 116, for carbohydrate esters of fatty acids. 137, for tall oil, rosin, rosin acids, resin acids, abietic acids, and other organic components containing carbocyclic groups.
	GLOSSARY
	ESTER-TYPE WAXES
	Means waxes which are essentially esters in chemical structure, e.g., beeswax, montan wax, carnauba wax, spermaceti, etc.
	FATS, FATTY OILS
	Means the glycerides of higher fatty acids, including naturally occurring mixtures thereof present in a single oil or fat.
	FATTY STILL RESIDUES
	By this term it is intended to include the bottoms, tars, or pitches resulting from distillation of fats, oils, and waxes.
	FATTY ALCOHOL
	Means an alcohol containing an unbroken chain of at least 7 carbon atoms bonded to a hydroxy group.
	HIGHER FATTY ACID
	Means a monocarboxylic acid containing an unbroken chain of at least 7 carbon atoms bonded to a carboxyl group, e.g., lauric, palmitic, stearic, oleic, ricinoleic, linoleic, and behenolic, etc. Where there are several unbroken chains of carbon atoms bonded to the carboxyl group, one of the chains must contain at least 7 carbon atoms.

139	Organic component contains an alcohol group:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 103.  Composition wherein the organic component contains an alcohol linkage to organic carbon. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 131, for alkanolamines and other nitrogen containing alcohols. 138, for fatty alcohols.

140	Contains inorganic component other than water or clay:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 100.  Compositions containing an inorganic component other than water or clay. (1) Note. The term "clay" encompasses the following: fuller"s earth, bentonite, montmorillonite, attapulgite, palygorskite, halloysite, illite, kaolinite, hectorite, sepiolite, etc. (2) Note. The compositions proper for this and the indented subclasses may contain water or clay, but they must also contain an inorganic component in addition to the water or clay. (3) Note. For the purposes of this and the indented subclasses, the term "water" does not include seawater brine. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 145, for a composition containing normal seawater brine without the addition of any of the components proper for subclasses 100 through 144.

141	Inorganic component contains soluble potassium salt:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 140.  Composition wherein the inorganic component contains a potassium ion which is soluble in the boring medium. (1) Note. The composition of this subclass must contain potassium ion other than as a mere component in a normal seawater brine. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 145, for a composition containing normal seawater brine without the addition of any of the components proper for subclasses 100 through 144.

142	Inorganic component contains phosphorous:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 140.  Composition wherein the inorganic component contains phosphorous. (1) Note. The composition of this subclass must contain phosphorous other than as a mere component of a normal seawater brine. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 145, for a composition containing normal seawater brine without the addition of any of the components proper for subclasses 100 through 144.

143	Inorganic component is elemental metal or alloy:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 140.  Composition wherein the inorganic component is an elemental metal or alloy.