CPC Definition - Subclass F27B

Last Updated Version: 2018.08
FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
Definition statement

This place covers:

Furnaces in general, kilns, ovens, retorts or furnaces for open sintering.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Specially adapted for bakery ovens

A21B

Specially adapted for glass melting furnaces

C03B

Specially adapted for coke or gas-making apparatus

C10B, C10J

Specially adapted for apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons

C10G

Specially adapted for blast furnaces

C21B

Specially adapted for converters for making steel

C21C

Specially adapted for furnaces for heat treating metal

C21D

Furnaces for electro-slag or arc re-melting of metals

C22B 9/00

Enamelling ovens

C23D

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Combustion apparatus

F23G

Heat exchanger

F28D

Electric heating

H05B

Special rules of classification

Indexing Codes should be used as additional information or in case an EC symbol is given and more detailed Indexing Codes are existing, these more detailed Indexing Codes should also be given.

Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces (for preheating, burning, calcining or cooling lime, magnesia or dolomite C04B 2/12)
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Preheating, burning, calcining or cooling lime, magnesia or dolomite

C04B 2/12

Arrangements of linings (linings in general F27D 1/00)
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings in general

F27D 1/00

Arrangements of tuyeres
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Tuyeres for blast furnaces

C21B 7/16

Arrangements of devices for charging
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Bell and hopper arrangement for blast furnaces and appliances for distributing the burden

C21B 7/18; C21B 7/20, C21B 7/205

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Charging for furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of devices for discharging
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Discharging devices for blast furnaces

C21B 7/14

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Discharging for furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of heat-exchange apparatus (heat-exchangers in general F28C, F28D)
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Heat-exchanger in general

F28C 3/10; F28D 1/00 - F28D 21/0015

Cooling arrangements
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Cooling devices for blast furnaces

C21B 7/10

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein in details

F27D 9/00

Arrangements of controlling devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F27D 21/00

Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type (F27B 9/00, F27B 11/00, F27B 13/00, F27B 14/00, F27B 15/00, F27B 21/00 take precedence); Tank furnaces
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Converters for making steel

C21C 5/28

Manufacturing of steel in electric furnaces

C21C 5/52

Furnaces for general processes of refining metals

C22B 9/00

of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Manufacture of steel in electrically heated multi-chamber furnace, a combination of electric furnaces or an electric furnace arranged for associated working with a non electric furnace

C21C 5/5252

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings in general

F27D 1/00

heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Heated by electric discharge in details

F27D 11/08

Electric heating elements or systems for furnaces in details

F27D 99/0006

Arrangements of linings
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings in general

F27D 1/00

Walls; Roofs
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings and walls in details

F27D 1/00

Roofs and crowns in details

F27D 1/02

Arrangements of devices for charging
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Charging of electric furnaces

C21C 5/527

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for charging in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of devices for discharging
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for discharging in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of heating devices
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Burners in electric arc furnaces

C21C 5/5217

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Burners

F27B 3/205

Heating elements or systems in details

F27D 99/0001

Electric heating

H05B

Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Lances or injectors for converters

C21C 5/4606

Injectors for electric arc furnaces

C21C 5/5217

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Oxygen blowing

F27B 3/225

Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge in details

F27D 3/16

Cooling arrangements
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cooling of furnaces or charges therein in details

F27D 9/00

Arrangements of heat-exchange apparatus
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Heat-exchange apparatus

F28D 17/00

Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F21D21/00

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated (F27B 9/00 takes precedence)
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically

F27B 9/00

Furnaces for heat treatment

C21D 9/00

Muffle furnaces

C21D9/006

adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Heat treatment in controlled atmosphere

C21D 1/74

Furnaces for heat treatment

C21D 9/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Forming, maintaining or circulating atmosphere in heating chambers in details

F27D 7/00

Arrangements of linings
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings in general

F27D 1/00

Arrangement of devices for charging
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Charging for metallic articles for heat treatment

C21D 9/0018

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Charging devices for furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangement of devices for discharging
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Discharging for metallic articles for heat treatment

C21D 9/0018

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Discharging devices for furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of heating devices
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Methods of heating during heat treatment

C21D 1/34

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces in details

F27D 11/00

Heating elements or systems in details

F27D 99/0001

Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Rotary-drum furnaces

F27B 7/04

Methods of heat treatment in inert gas

C21D 1/74

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Supplying steam, vapour, gases or liquids in heating chambers

F27D 7/02

Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Process control of heat treatment

C21D 11/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F21D21/00

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Rotary retorts

C10B 1/10

Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous material with indirect heating in rotary ovens or retorts

C10B 47/30

Making pig iron in rotary kilns

C21B 11/06

Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces

C21B 13/08

Rotary furnaces for heat treatment

C21D 9/0031

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Burning or melting of hydraulic cements

C04B 7/44, C04B 7/43

Incineration of waste in rotating drum

F23G 5/20

adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Heat treatment in controlled atmosphere

C21D 1/74

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum in heating chambers in details

F27D 7/06

Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Burning or melting of hydraulic cements

C04B 7/44, C04B 7/43

Seals between rotary and stationary parts
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Seals for furnaces in details

F27D 99/0073

Arrangements of linings
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings for furnaces in details

F27D 1/0003

Arrangements of partitions
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Partitions for furnaces in details

F27D 99/007

Arrangement of devices for charging
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for charging for furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangement of devices for discharging
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for charging of furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of cooling devices
Definition statement

This place covers:

Arrangements of cooling devices

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cooling of furnaces or charges therein in details

F27D 9/00

Planetary coolers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Planetary coolers

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cooling of furnaces or charges therein in details

F27D 9/00

Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F21D21/00

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type (F27B 7/14 takes precedence); Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
Definition statement

This place covers:

Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. tunnel furnaces; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Rotary-drum furnaces with means for agitating or moving the charge

F27B 7/14

Furnaces for heat treatment

C21D 9/00

adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Method of heat treatment in inert gas

C21D 1/74

Continuous furnace for wire with a controlled atmosphere

C21D 9/561

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum in heating chambers in details

F27D 7/06

heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Method of heating during heat treatment

C21D 1/34

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces in details

F27D 11/00- F27D 11/12

Heating elements or systems in details

F27D 99/0001

characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment (F27B 9/28 takes precedence; travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge F27D 3/12)
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, for treating continuous lengths of work

F27B 9/28

Furnaces for heat treatment through which the charge is moved in horizontal path; up or down

C21D 9/0056; C21D 9/005

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge; Furnace cars

F27D 3/12; F27D 3/123

being carried by a conveyor {(transport by conveyors in general B65G)}
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Rolls in heat treating furnaces

C21D 9/0012

Rolls in continuous heat treating furnaces

C21D 9/563

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Transport by conveyors in general

B65G/00

on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge; Furnace cars

F27D 3/12; F27D 3/123

Arrangements of linings
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings for furnaces in details

F27D 1/0003

Arrangements of heating devices
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Heating elements or system for furnaces in details

F27D 99/0001

Arrangements of devices for charging
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Charging metallic articles in heat treatment furnaces

C21D 9/0018

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for charging of furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of devices for discharging
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Discharging metallic articles in heat treatment furnaces

C21D 9/0018

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for discharging of furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
Definition statement

This place covers:

Arrangement of controlling or monitoring devices

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Process control for heat treatment

C21D 11/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F21D21/00

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Bell-type furnaces (for treating metal strips or wire C21D 9/663)
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Bell-type furnaces for treating metal strips or wire

C21D 9/663

Arrangements of linings
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings for furnaces in details

F27D 1/0003

Arrangements of heating devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Heating elements or systems in details; especially burners

F27D 99/0001; F27D 99/0033

Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F21D21/00

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Crucible or pot furnaces
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Single crystal growth

C30B

adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Forming, maintaining or circulating atmosphere in heating chambers in details

F27D 7/00; F27D 7/02; F27D 7/06

heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat (F27B 14/04 takes precedence)
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Electric heating elements or systems

F27D 99/0033

Electric heating elements in general

H05B

Crucibles
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Crucibles for single crystal growth

C30B 13/14

Covers therefor
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Covers for furnaces in details

F27D 1/18; F27D 1/1808

Arrangements of heating devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Heating elements or systems for furnaces in details

F27D 99/0001; F27D 99/0033; F27D 99/0035

Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F21D21/00

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion {(apparatus in general for carrying out chemical or physical processes in a fluidised bed reactor B01J 8/24 - B01J 8/44)}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in fluidised bed furnaces or apparatus containing a dispersion of the material

C21B 13/0033

Heating metallic strips in fluidized beds

C21D 9/567

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

General apparatuses for carrying out chemical or physical processes in a fluidised-bed reactor

B01J 8/24- B01J 8/44

Heat exchange apparatus using fluidized bed

F28D 13/00

Arrangements of linings
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Linings for furnaces in details

F27D 1/0003

Arrangements of devices for charging
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for charging of furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of devices for discharging
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for discharging of furnaces in details

F27D 3/00

Arrangements of controlling devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Controlling devices for furnaces in details

F27D 19/00

Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Monitoring devices for furnaces in details

F27D 21/00

Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group (structural combinations of furnaces F27B 19/02)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group;

open field furnaces for burning bricks;

chamber-type furnaces, also adapted for treating semiconductor wafers;

furnaces, where the floor consists of the support carrying the charge, e.g. car type furnaces;

furnaces for burning bricks or pottery;

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Furnaces coilers

C21D 9/68

Furnace for ingots

C21D 9/70

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically

F27B 9/02

Apparatuses for treating semiconductors/wafers

H01L 21/67

specially designed for laboratory use
Definition statement

This place covers:

Furnaces especially designed for laboratory use.

Furnaces for dental work-pieces

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Devices for soldering, casting, moulding or melting dental prostheses

A61C 13/20