CPC Definition - Subclass F03D
This place covers:
Mechanisms for converting the energy of wind into useful mechanical power.
In particular:
Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the flow of air entering the machine
Wind motors with rotation axis substantially at right angle to the flow of air entering the machine
Other wind motors
Controlling wind motors
Adaptations of wind motors for special use
Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby
Other details, component parts, or accessories of wind motors
F03D covers mechanisms for converting natural wind energy into useful mechanical energy, and the transmission of such mechanical energy to its point of use. Electrical power generation aspects of wind motors (e.g. dynamo-electric conversion and electric generators) are classified in H02P. Arrangements or systems for supplying or distributing electric power are classified in H02J. Circuit arrangements or sy
This place does not cover:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Vehicles for transportation | |
Propulsive devices of ships or other waterborne vessels directly acted on by wind, using the Magnus effect | |
Rotors for airplanes and helicopters | |
Handling by cranes, hoisting, lifting | |
Machines or engines for liquids, Water turbines | |
Ventilators | |
Dynamo-electric machines | |
Structural association of electric generator with mechanical driving motor in dynamo-electric machines, e.g. turbine |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Rotor | Wind engaging parts of the wind motor and the rotary member carrying them |
Rotation axis | Axis of rotation of the rotor |
In patent documents, the following abbreviations are often used:
HAWT | Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine |
VAWT | Vertical Axis Wind Turbine |
In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:
- "wind turbine", and "windmill"
- "azimuth angle", and "yaw angle"
- "rotor hub", "rotor cone" and "spinner"
This place covers:
Wind motors having their rotation axis substantially parallel to the flow of air entering the machine. When the flow has been guided into a direction other that the original wind direction, the final flow into the wind motor should be considered for classification.
This place does not cover:
Controlling of wind motors |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Solar updraft |
This place covers:
Wind motors having their rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the flow of air entering the machine. When the flow has been guided into a direction other that the original wind direction, the final flow into the wind motor should be considered for classification.
This place does not cover:
Controlling of wind motors |
This place covers:
Wind motors characterised by the "effective area" of the rotor which is the cross section area of the rotor which contributes positively, i.e. causes a torque in/ to the desired rotation. The "augmenting" guiding means are those guiding means which intercept an area of flow greater than this "effective rotor area", and direct the flow into the rotor. The guiding means which fulfil this intercepting role are bounded on all sides from inlet to outlet into rotor, and therefore also accelerate or "concentrate" the flow into the rotor.
Example:
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When the guiding means form also a shield means on one side of the rotor F03D 3/0463 or F03D 3/049 take precedence.
This place covers:
Wind motors with a concentrating means, i.e. the guiding means only increase the flow speed into the rotor without intercepting an area of flow greater than the effective rotor area (see definition of this effective area in F03D 3/0427 entry). These concentrating guiding means can be either bounded on all sides or only on some.
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This place covers:
Wind motors wherein the wind engaging parts, i.e. the blades, vanes, paddles or cups, undergo a change of orientation within each cycle of rotation of the wind rotor, coming back to their original position after each revolution. This change of orientation happens of itself, passively, the direct result of the wind acting on the wind engaging parts as the relative wind direction changes with the rotation.
Example:
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This place covers:
Wind motors whereby the cyclic movement of the wind engaging parts during each revolution of the rotor are forcibly and actively related to the rotor rotation, not the result of the action on the part by the wind flow itself .
Examples:
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This place covers:
Control of wind motors and related control arrangements.
F03D 7/02 and F03D 7/06 covers essentially the two main types of wind motors according groups F03D 1/00 and F03D 3/00. Main group F03D 7/00 covers all other types of wind motors.
Subgroups F03D 7/0204 - F03D 7/0296 cover the purpose of the control or the type of control actuators. Subgroups under F03D 7/04 cover the type of controllers and/or the control methods.
This place does not cover:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Multi-aspect classification should be applied in this group. Documents should be classified in F03D 7/02 for purpose of control or the type of controller and in addition according the control method or type of controller in group F03D 7/04. For example, a model-based controller acting on the pitch system to reduce rotor noise should be classified in groups F03D 7/045, F03D 7/0224 and F03D 7/0296.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Rotor construction, the wind engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation, the cyclic relative movement being coupled to the movement of rotation; Controlling same, e.g. according to wind direction or force |
This place covers:
Adaptations of wind motors for special use, e.g. for converting solar radiation into useful energy by producing heat or for producing heat in heat pump systems;
Combinations of wind motors with water energy converters, e.g. water turbines;
Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby, e.g. pumps or compressors, electrical generators, heat pump systems or apparatus storing energy.
This place does not cover:
Hybrid wind-photovoltaic energy systems for the generation of electric power |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Arrangements in connection with vehicle propulsion units with power supply from wind | |
Propulsion of ships or other waterborne vessels by wind motors driving water-engaging propulsive elements | |
Pumps characterised by combination with wind motors |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Supplying or distributing electric power, Grid connection | |
Systems for storing electric energy | |
Structural association of electric generator and wind motor |
This place does not cover:
Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Arrangements of propulsion units in vehicles in connection with power supply derived from wind power | |
Electric propulsion of vehicles using wind power | |
Propulsion of ships or other waterborne vessels by wind motors driving water-engaging propulsive elements | |
Driving auxiliaries on ships of other waterborne vessels using wind power |
This place does not cover:
Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Anchoring arrangements for special vessels |
This place covers:
Wind motors specially adapted for installation on moving objects, e.g. vehicles, in which the movement of the object causes air flow through the rotor.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys | |
Towers; Masts, poles; Methods of erecting such structures |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Anchoring arrangements for special vessels | |
Vessels or like floating structures adapted for special purposes | |
Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Vehicles adapted to transport or carry special loads or objects |
This place covers:
Transmission of mechanical power, i.e. mechanisms by which the wind-derived mechanical power is conveyed to its point of use
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Gearing |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Direct-drive | Gearless transmission arrangement in which the rotor shaft is attached directly to the generator without intermediate gearing. |
This place covers:
Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics.
This place does not cover:
Testing during commissioning of wind motors |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Monitoring or testing | Overseeing or analysing the operating conditions of the wind motor mechanism, typically to identify problematic conditions. This may involve reference to wind motor sensor signals indicating, e.g. wind speed and direction, pitch angle, vibration, rotary torque, blade load and strain. |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Traffic control systems for aircraft |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Shadow flicker | Periodic flickering effect due to repetitive shadows cast by rotating wind turbine blades. |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Installations of lightning conductors; Fastening thereof to supporting structure |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Nacelle | The protective outer housing enclosing wind motor components such as the transmission, associated gearing and turbine. |