CPC Definition - Subclass C21B
This place covers:
- The production of iron or steel starting from iron ores, e.g. the production of pig-iron;
- The recovery of by-products, e.g. slag, from these production methods;
- Apparatus specially adapted therefore, e.g. blast furnaces, air heaters.
General metallurgical processes for obtaining metal from ores, and non-ferrous ores in particular, are treated in C22B.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
In the group C21B 2100/22, reforming is based on a reaction with other hydrocarbon containing gases. In the group C21B 2100/24, shift reactions involve steam, water vapor, or water.
C21B 2100/40 concerns the specific purification and reuse of exhaust gases in metallurgical processes, while B01D 2258/025 concerns only the purification process in general of waste gases from metallurgy plants.
This place covers:
Processes in which the additives can be added to dry products (e.g. pellets, briquettes), a metal melt or a slag.
The group overlaps with C21B 5/008, C21B 5/02, C21B 5/04, C21B 13/008: depending on whether the additives are generally applicable or related to a specific process either in the Blast Furnace (C21B 5/00) or in Direct Reduction process (C21B 13/00), double or single classification will apply.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Processes or devices for granulating material |
This place covers:
Cooling covers both dry and wet methods of cooling.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
General arrangements of separating plants | |
Ingredients other than water added to the slag ; treatment with gases or gas generating material | |
Handling or treating discharged material |
This place covers:
Also the injection of additional (pure) oxygen and additional fuel; automatic control of the process; condition of the cokes or their characterisation; composition and distribution of the charge.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
In case the top gas is treated before being sent back into the furnace, this aspect is also classified : either by the relevant class in another field (specific, e.g. C10K 1/02, dust removal).
This place covers:
Features which relate to the lay-out of the BF area or to repair ; also the evacuation and treatment of exhaust gases and the control and regulation of the top pressure.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Separation | |
Filtering elements | |
Filtering material | |
Cleaning of gases from solids | |
Separating solids from solids by wet methods | |
Magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields | |
Centrifuges | |
Apparatus using free vortex flow, e.g. cyclones | |
Purfying or modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide |
Groups C21B 7/002 and C21B 7/005 concern evacuating and treating of exhaust gases from blast furnaces in general. Further classification is mandatory in groups C21B 2100/00 - C21B 2100/80.
This place covers:
Cooling devices for the walls and bottom including staves, plates, pipes, etc; also leakage detection.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cooling of linings of combustion chambers | |
Shaft furnaces with cooling arrangements | |
Linings or walls incorporating cooling arrangements | |
Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein | |
Heat exchange apparatus in which heat exchange media do not come into direct contact | |
Details of heat exchange apparatus of general application |
This place covers:
Runners and their accessories (roofs, heating etc); also equipment for transporting said runners.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Charging or discharging liquid or molten material |
This place covers:
All distribution means different from bell-and-hopper, i.e. including revolving chute.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Separation | |
Filtering elements | |
Filtering material | |
Cleaning of gases from solids | |
Separating solids from solids by wet methods | |
Magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields | |
Centrifuges | |
Apparatus using free vortex flow, e.g. cyclones | |
Purifying or modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide | |
Removal of waste gases or dust (from converter) | |
Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust |
This place covers:
Covers any measuring, controlling or observation devices
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices for shaft furnaces | |
Arrangements of controlling devices | |
Arrangements of monitoring devices | |
Specific investigation or analysing means of materials by determining their chemical or physical properties |
This place covers:
Direct reduction processes obtaining either sponge iron or molten iron or steel.
Inventions which concern the treatment of the reducing gases, the solid reductant, the ores, the reduced iron or the addition of fluxes or the treatment of the ores in a fluidised bed or lead to attainment of molten iron or steel.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
General purpose Fluidised Beds | |
General methods of reducing to metals: - by solid carbonaceous reducing agents;- by gases | |
Fluidised bed furnaces |
When disclosed, the apparatus or group of apparatuses (C21B 13/14) in which the process takes place, should always be given a class
This place covers:
Inventions in which different types of installations are used in sequence to arrive either at a solid or a molten product.