CPC Definition - Subclass B24B
This place covers:
Grinding or polishing processes not particular to specific machines, devices or work, including the use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes, e.g. of grinding with ultrasonic frequency;
Machines, devices or processes for sharpening cutting edges, or accessories therefor, adapted e.g. to the cutting edges of milling cutters, turning or planing tools, drills or cutting blades;
Machines, devices or processes for grinding, or accessories therefor,
adapted to surfaces on work with particular geometric shapes, e.g. surfaces of revolution or plane, lens shaped or spherical surfaces,
adapted to particular surface elements on work, e.g. to edges, bevels, grooves, seat surfaces, or to burr removal
adapted to surfaces of particular work, e.g. turbine blades, dies, work of non-circular cross section, such as shafts of polygonal cross-section, sharp pointed workpieces or workpieces with arcuate surfaces,
adapted to properties of the material of articles to be ground,
adapted for grinding controlled by patterns, drawings, magnetic tapes or the like, e.g. by deriving a required shape from a pattern, of the same or a different shape or scale, by a mechanism controlled by a member following the pattern,
embodied as a particular form of machine, e.g. using grinding or polishing belts, as portable grinding machine or as grinding machine of universal type,
whereby in connection with glass the terms "grinding" and "polishing" are treated as being equivalent.
Machines, devices or processes for polishing or finishing surfaces, or accessories therefor, according to the kind of operation performed, which are
polishing or finishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material, with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents, e.g. using buffing wheels or polishing belts,
polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus, including abrading-bodies specially designed therefor, or by means of other apparatus in which the work or the abrasive material is loose, e.g. using a magnetically consolidated grinding powder or a plastically deformable grinding compound, moved relatively to the workpiece under the influence of pressure,
honing, i.e. abrading by means of fine grit abrasive blocks along a controlled path of combined movements in order to smoothen a surface or to produce a defined surface texture,
superfinishing, i.e. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency,
lapping, i.e. rubbing the surface of the work and the surface of a lapping tool, in general of corresponding shapes, against each other and with loose abrasives rolling and sliding between the surfaces, whereby the abrasives may be loosely dispersed in a liquid medium or adhered to a lapping pad,
burnishing, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone, e.g. rollers or balls;
Component parts, accessories, or auxiliary devices, of general applicability for grinding, polishing or finishing machines or devices, comprising
component parts, such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks or work supports,
means for securing grinding or polishing wheels on rotary arbors,
drives or gearings including equipment therefor, e.g. for the exact control of the position of the tool or work at the start of the operation or for preventing backlash,
measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the tool or work, as well as arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation,
arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding or polishing a workpiece,
devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces,
safety devices for grinding or polishing machines,
accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition,
devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents.
- Abrasive machining
Subclass B24C complements the abrasive grinding and polishing operations covered by B24B by abrasive blasting with particulate material, whereby blasting is defined as using a blast of any particles or pellets dispersed in air, gas or liquid, or an equivalent jet of material projected or energised by other means, for the treatment of surfaces or cutting of materials, the particles usually being of abrasive material.
Abrading internal surfaces, e.g. of a tube or a flow channel, by operations in which a plastically deformable grinding compound is used as a loose abrasive material under the influence of pressure, known in the art as abrasive flow machining, extrude honing or hydro-erosive machining, is covered by group B24B 31/116 when the dynamic viscosity of the carrier medium is higher than that of conventional fuels such as diesel. When the dynamic viscosity of the carrier is less than or equal to that of conventional fuel, e.g. when water is used as a carrier, the machining is considered as particulate blasting of an internal surface, which is covered by B24C 3/32.
Subclass B24D covers the grinding, polishing and sharpening tools used with the machines and devices covered by subclass B24B. The tools specially designed for the particular grinding or polishing operations of tumbling (B24B 31/14), honing (B24B 33/08), lapping (B24B 37/11) or guided peening (B24B 39/006) are however covered by B24B. B24B further provides places for the tools specially adapted for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses (B24B 13/01) as a particular kind of work. Devices or means for securing grinding or polishing wheels on rotary arbors of the machines or for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of the tools are as well covered by B24B.
Machining metal by electro-erosion for surface improvement or improvement of the dimensional accuracy is covered by subclass B23H, including electrical discharge or electrochemical machining combined with mechanical working, e.g. grinding or honing (B23H 5/00). Electrolytic etching or polishing for the same purposes is covered by main group C25F 3/00, covering the working of metallic and non-metallic materials, especially the electrolytic polishing of semiconductor materials (C25F 3/30).
- Abrasive materials and polishing compositions
Abrasive particles, powders or compositions per se are covered by group C09K 3/14, which may be used in abrasive tools or in suspensions or pastes for polishing. Polishing compositions, suitable for the operations covered by B24B 29/00, are covered by main group C09G 1/00. When they contain abrasives or grinding agents (C09G 1/02) they are as well suitable for lapping (B24B 37/00).
This place does not cover:
Working metal by electro-erosion, e.g. electrolytic grinding | |
Surface treatment by laser | |
Abrasive or related blasting with particulate material | |
Electrolytic etching or polishing |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Grinding of gear teeth | |
Grinding of screw threads | |
Grinding arrangements for use on assembled railway tracks |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Details, components, or accessories for machine tools, in general | |
Tools for grinding, buffing or sharpening | |
Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents | |
Abrasives |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Grinding | Grinding means machining by fixed abrasive particles in its most general sense and covers "corrective" operations, such as correction of dimension, e.g. diameter, or shape, e.g. roundness. It is characterised by a comparatively high material removal rate. |
Polishing | Polishing means mechanically finishing the surface of a work so as to improve, e.g. smoothen, its surface, without substantial change of dimension or shape of the work as would occur in grinding. |
Abrading | Abrading is used in its most general sense to mean mechanically removing material by a multitude of fixed or loose particles that are forced into the surface of the work so that each particle cuts away small chips of material |
Honing | Honing means abrading by means of one or more, often compliant, fine grit abrasive blocks or stones along a controlled path of combined movements, including a reciprocating movement, in order to smoothen a surface or to produce a defined surface texture such as a cross-hatch pattern. |
Superfinishing | Superfinishing means abrading by means of one or more fine grit abrading blocks or an abrasive band pressed by a shoe (bandfinishing) along a controlled path of combined movements. Typically, the block or shoe is oscillated with a short stroke and relatively high frequency while the work is rotated, in order to improve surface finish or produce a defined surface texture such as a cross-hatch pattern. Superfinishing is also referred to as microfinishing, or short-stroke honing, in the art. |
Lapping | Lapping is surface finishing by rubbing the surface of the work and the surface of a lapping tool, e.g. a lapping plate or lapping pad, that is mostly shaped corresponding to the work surface, against each other, mainly with loose abrasives rolling and sliding between the surfaces; the abrasives may be dispersed in a liquid medium, i.e. a slurry, or in a paste, or fixed to the lapping pad |
Burnishing | Burnishing means plastically deforming a work on a small scale by means of rubbing or rolling a tool, e.g. a roller or ball, on the work. It is not an abrading operation but used as an alternative to abrasive finishing operations in order to improve the surface finish or surface hardness of the work. |
Conditioning | Conditioning is used in its most general sense to mean truing by removing material from the abrasive tool to maintain tool geometry, e.g. concentricity, or to (re-) profile a form into the abrasive surface, sharpening by removing small amounts of binding material from the abrasive surface to expose abrasive grains or by breaking abrasive grains to produce sharper cutting edges on the grain,cleaning the surface of an abrasive tool or a lapping pad in order to remove debris from the space between the grains or pores of the pad. |
It is noted that the above terms overlap in material removal rate and surface roughness such that a clear distinction by these parameters is not possible.
In groups B24B 1/00 - B24B 27/00, in connection with glass the terms "grinding" and "polishing" are treated as being equivalent.
In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:
- "dressing" and "conditioning"
This place covers:
Grinding or polishing processes not particular to specific machines, devices or work, including the use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes, e.g. of grinding with ultrasonic frequency
This place does not cover:
Polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus involving oscillating or vibrating containers | |
Superfinishing surfaces on work, e.g. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency |
This place covers:
Motor, hand or foot driven machines or devices for sharpening cutting edges, or accessories therefor, adapted e.g. to the cutting edges of milling cutters, turning or planing tools, drills or cutting and shear blades.
This place does not cover:
Hand tools, i.e. on a grip or holder or where the workpiece to be sharpened is moved by hand with respect to a non-driven tool or other manual devices for non-rotary grinding, polishing or stropping specially designed for sharpening cutting edges |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Sharpening of saw teeth |
This place does not cover:
Hand tools or other devices for non-rotary grinding polishing, or stropping specially designed for sharpening ski edges |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Accessories for skiing or snowboarding, for treating skis or snowgoards, edge sharpeners | |
Hand-held or hand-operated filing or rasping devices |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Single purpose machines or devices for fluting drill shanks |
This place does not cover:
Sharpening apparatus fixed to the harvester or mower | |
Arrangements of abrasive wheel dressing devices on gear-cutting machines | |
Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting, means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by sharpening the cutting member |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Methods or machines for the manufacture of files or rasps; Peculiar procedures for sharpening or otherwise treating the working surfaces |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for grinding, or accessories therefor,
- involving centres or centreless means for holding work for grinding cylindrical, conical or other rotationally symmetrical surfaces externally or internally,
- adapted to particular type of work, e.g. crankshafts or crankpins,
- adapted to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground,
- for combined grinding of surfaces of revolution and of adjacent plane surfaces of work.
This place does not cover:
Honing machines or devices designed for working surfaces of revolution |
This place does not cover:
Centreless grinding of threads |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Centreless turning |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cutting profiles into the treads of tyres |
This place covers:
- Machines, devices or processes for grinding, or accessories therefor,
- adapted to plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces,
- embodied as a particular structure of machine, e.g. having a stationary or reciprocatingly movable work-table or a conveyor belt,
- adapted to a particular purpose, e.g. end faces of piston rings or floorings,
- adapted to properties of the material of articles to be ground,
- whereby in connection with glass the terms "grinding" and "polishing" are treated as being equivalent.
This place does not cover:
Honing of plane surfaces on work |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Grinding tools or machines specially designed for use on assembled railway track |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Portable grinding machines designed for fastening on workpieces |
This place does not cover:
Devices for combined grinding of surfaces of revolution and adjacent plane surfaces on work |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Devices for grinding edges or bevels on work |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Machines or devices for cleaning floorings |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Lapping pads for working plane surfaces with fixed abrasives |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Single-purpose machines for grinding of non-planar wood surfaces, e.g. of furniture |
This place covers:
- Machines, devices or processes for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs, or accessories therefor,
- adapted to properties of material of the articles to be ground, e.g. metal, non-metallic inorganic material, wood or plastics.
This place does not cover:
Devices for sharpening cutting edges on tools | |
Removing burrs by loose abrasive material |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cleaning pipe ends or pipe fittings, e.g. before soldering |
This place does not cover:
Sharpening skate blades |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Edge treatment, chamfering of semiconductor devices |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Devices for shaping watch glasses by removing material, e.g. cutting out from a plate, milling the edges |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Control of the position of the tool for bevelling optical work |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Devices for grinding sharp pointed diamonds or sapphires |
This place covers:
Machines, devices, processes for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work, e.g. balls, involving particular type of grinding wheels, e.g. cup type.
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Specially designed for optical surfaces | |
For seat surfaces |
This place covers:
Machines, devices, processes for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work, e.g. headlight reflectors. l Accessories, components, e.g. blocking and deblocking means, specific tools and machining control therefor.
This place does not cover:
Edging optical work, e.g. lenses, prisms |
This place covers:
Devices and processes for holding of optical work, e.g. by bonding (blocking) or suction.
Accessory therefor, alignment devices or means and methods for deblocking optical work, i.e. adapted to release the bond between the optical work and its support or a protection film through chemical, thermal, mechanical or other means or any practical combination thereof.
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for grinding, or accessories therefor, adapted to seat surfaces, e.g. in valve components.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
For spherical surfaces in general |
This place covers:
Special adaptations of machines or devices for grinding or polishing controlled by mechanical transmission, e.g. by templates, electrical transmission, e.g. by magnetic tape, optical means, e.g. by optical projection, or fluid transmission.
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Machines or devices so-controlled for grinding the edges of lenses | |
For grinding or polishing optical lens surfaces | |
For grinding non-circular cross-sections | |
For grinding trochoidal surfaces | |
For grinding cams | |
For grinding turbine blades or the like |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Methods for copying | |
Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually | |
Controlling; Regulating |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for grinding specifically adapted to surfaces of particular work, e.g. turbine blades, microgrooves, ens of optical fibres, work of non-circular cross section, such as shafts of polygonal cross-section or pistons, sharp pointed workpieces or workpieces with arcuate surfaces, not covered by any other main group.
This place does not cover:
Grinding screw threads |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Sharpening table knife blades |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Grinding arrangements for use on assembled railway tracks |
This place does not cover:
Using grinding belts |
This place does not cover:
Polishing of needles | |
Grinding or resharpening the ends of welding electrodes |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Grinding bevels on diamonds or sapphires |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Arrangements for driving carding-machine elements during grinding | |
Card clothing, manufacture thereof |
This place does not cover:
For grinding walls of very fine holes |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Preparing the ends of light guides for coupling, e.g. cutting |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Grinding plane surfaces of wood |
This place does not cover:
Grinding of spherical surfaces in general | |
Of optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for grinding or polishing, or accessories therefor, using grinding or polishing belts, adapted to the type of workpiece or the shape of the surface to be ground or polished, i.e. rotationally symmetrical, plane or particular shaped surfaces. Accessories therefor, such as belt tension or tracking means.
This place does not cover:
Portable belt-grinding machines |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
For sharpening cutting edges of tools |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Single purpose machines for grinding cams or camshafts |
This place covers:
Portable, e.g. hand-guided, grinding or polishing machines or power tools, embodied as a particular form of machine defined by the tool movement, such as a rotating or oscillating tool or an abrasive belt, or adapted to be fastened on workpieces.
This place does not cover:
Dust extraction equipment |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
For grinding seat surfaces in valve housings | |
Grinders for cutting-off |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Having a flexible shaft | |
Details or components, e.g. casings, bodies of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operation performed |
This place covers:
Grinding machines adapted to carry out a plurality of different grinding operations, e.g. external, internal circular and flat surface grinding.
This place covers:
Grinding machines and devices defined by their general layout, e.g. of columnar or robot type, or specially adapted to a particular purpose, e.g. descaling or cutting off.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Sawing machines and devices | |
Working stone or stone-like materials by sawing |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for polishing or finishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material, with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents, e.g. using buffing wheels.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Polishing tools in general |
This place covers:
- Machines, devices or processes for polishing or abrading surfaces, or accessories therefor,
- by means of tumbling apparatus, involving work support means such as holders on which the work is fixed, rotary barrels or vibratory containers, or
- by means of other apparatus in which the work or the abrasive material is loose, e.g. using a magnetically consolidated grinding powder or a plastically deformable grinding compound, moved relatively to the work under the influence of pressure,
- including abrading bodies specially designed therefor, e.g. abrading balls.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
for cleaning and working on castings
Tumbling mills for cleaning and working on castings | |
Chemically accelerated vibratory finishing (CAVF) |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of plastically deformable grinding compound, moved relatively to the workpiece. When abrading internal surfaces, e.g. of a tube or a flow channel, by operations known in the art as abrasive flow machining, extrude honing or hydro-erosive grinding, the operation is considered as abrading surfaces by means of a plastically deformable grinding compound under the influence of pressure, when the dynamic viscosity of the carrier medium is higher than that of conventional fuels such as diesel.
This place does not cover:
Abrasive flow machining when the dynamic viscosity of the carrier is less than or equal to that of conventional fuels like diesel, e.g. when water is used as a carrier |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
In general |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for honing, i.e. abrading by means of fine grit abrasive blocks along a controlled path of combined movements in order to smoothen a surface or to produce a defined surface texture.
This place does not cover:
For manufacturing gear teeth |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for superfinishing surfaces, or accessories therefor, i.e. for abrading by means of one or more fine grit abrading blocks or an abrasive band pressed by a shoe (bandfinishing) along a controlled path of combined movements. Typically, the block or shoe is oscillated with a short stroke and relatively high frequency while the work is rotated, in order to improve surface finish or produce a defined surface texture such as a cross-hatch pattern. Superfinishing is also referred to as microfinishing, or short-stroke honing, in the art.
In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:
- "superfinishing", "microfinishing" and "short-stroke honing"
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Electric discharge machining combined with mechanical working |
This place covers:
Lapping machines or devices and accessories for surface finishing by rubbing the surface of the work and the surface of a tool, e.g. a lapping plate or lapping pad, generally shaped corresponding to the work surface, against each other, mainly with loose abrasives rolling or sliding between the surfaces. The abrasives may be dispersed in a liquid medium, i.e. a slurry, or in a paste, or fixed to the lapping pad.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents | |
Anti-slip materials; Abrasives | |
Processes and apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices, electric solid state devices not otherwise provided for |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Lapping | Surface finishing by rubbing the surface of the work and the surface of a lapping tool, e.g. a lapping plate or lapping pad, that is mostly shaped corresponding to the work surface, against each other, mainly with loose abrasives rolling and sliding between the surfaces; the abrasives may be dispersed in a liquid medium, i.e. a slurry, or in a paste, or fixed to the lapping pad. |
In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:
- "lapping" and "polishing"
This place covers:
Systems, devices or methods specially adapted for the control or regulation of lapping machines or devices and operations performed by them.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Special adaptations of machines or devices for grinding controlled by patterns, drawings, magnetic tapes or the like | |
Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment | |
Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece | |
Automatic control or regulation of feed movement or position of tool or work | |
Control or regulating systems in general; Functional elements of such systems | |
Systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables or for regulating electric or magnetic variables |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon | |
Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work involving electrical or optical means, or taking regard of the load |
This place covers:
Systems, devices or methods for cooling, or temperature control of, the work, a component of the lapping machine, the ambient air, or the slurry specially adapted for lapping purposes
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work taking regard of the temperature during grinding | |
Accessory equipment fitted to grinding or polishing machines for cooling the grinding surfaces, including devices for feeding coolant | |
Arrangements for cooling work, tools or parts of machine tools in general | |
Methods or arrangements for maintaining a constant temperature in parts of machine tools in general |
This place covers:
Devices or methods for lapping surfaces or parts of surfaces of revolution, e.g. cylindrical surfaces, on a single work piece or on a plurality of work pieces. Typically, a plurality of work pieces, such as balls or cylinders are lapped by rolling the work pieces held between two lapping plates that are relatively rotating to each other. One lapping plate may be replaced by a holding structure, such as a holding plate or holding rollers.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Machines or devices designed for grinding cylindrical surfaces, e.g. on bolts | |
Machines or devices designed for conical surfaces | |
Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work, for grinding balls, involving grinding wheels acting by the front faces, e.g. of plane, grooved, or beveled shape |
Lapping of edges of disk-shaped workpieces, e.g. of wafers, classify also in B24B 9/065
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including plane glass surfaces; Accessories therfor, for grinding thin, brittle parts, e.g. semiconductors, wafers | |
Apparatus specially adapted for the mechanical treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof to change the physical characteristics of their surfaces, or to change their shape, e.g. grinding or polishing |
This place covers:
Devices and methods defined by features that relate to the type of movement in the plane of contact of the work or its carrier and the lapping tool with respect to each other. Typically, the work or carrier can either be driven, e.g. rotatably or in a combined or superposed movement, or can be loosely arranged on the lapping tool without direct drive for movement in a quasi random manner.
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Lapping plate | A lapping plate is a rigid, self-supporting structure used as the lapping tool itself or as a support for a lapping pad |
This place covers:
Lapping plates characterised by the shape or geometry of the lapping plate surface contacting the work or lapping pad, e.g. provided with particular holes, grooves or recesses.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Grinding or buffing wheels having flexibly-acting working parts acting by the front face |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Lapping pad | A lapping pad is made of relatively soft material, usually provided on a support structure, i.e. the lapping plate, for holding the loose abrasive temporarily during lapping or having the abrasive incorporated therein (fixed abrasive) |
In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:
- "lapping pad" and "polishing cloth"
This place covers:
Lapping pads characterised by being composed of two or more layers
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Grinding thin, brittle parts, e.g. semiconductors, wafers |
This place covers:
Lapping pads characterised by the shape or geometry of the lapping pad surface contacting the work, e.g. provided with grooves of particular cross section or location on the pad.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies, of grinding machines or devices | |
Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components thereof using specially adapted carriers |
This place does not cover:
Devices or means for dressing, cleaning or otherwise conditioning lapping tools | |
Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Combinations or associations of metal-working machines comprising features relating to transfer of work between machines | |
Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components thereof for conveying, e.g. between different work stations, for positioning, orientation or alignment, or for supporting or gripping |
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for burnishing, i.e. plastically deforming a work on a small scale by means of rubbing or rolling a tool, e.g. a roller or ball, on the work. Burnishing is not an abrading operation but used as an alternative to abrasive finishing operations in order to improve the surface finish or surface hardness of the work.
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
This place covers:
Machines, devices or processes for burnishing by peening, whereby the peening media is guided on its path during peening action.
This place covers:
Component parts specially adapted to grinding, polishing or finishing machines or devices, comprising component parts, such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks or work supports
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Components of machine tools in general |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Feeding, loading or unloading work specially adapted to lapping machines |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Electric motors with magnetic bearings |
This place covers:
work supports for supporting workpieces in the form of tools, e.g. knives, chisels, drills.
This place covers:
Means for securing grinding or polishing wheels on rotary arbors, e.g. quick mount or release means for power tools.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Suppression of vibrations in systems | |
Testing static or dynamic balancing of machines |
This place covers:
Drives or gearings for performing movement of carriages or spindles, including equipment therefor, e.g. for the exact control of the position of the tool or work at the start of the operation or for preventing backlash.
This place covers:
Measuring or gauging equipment as well as arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, adapted to grinding or polishing.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Gauging instruments in general |
This place covers:
Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding or polishing a workpiece.
This place covers:
Means or methods for dressing or conditioning grinding or polishing surfaces, e.g. by truing by removing material from the abrasive tool to maintain tool geometry, e.g. concentricity, or to (re-) profile a form into the abrasive surface, sharpening by removing small amounts of binding material from the abrasive surface to expose abrasive grains or by breaking abrasive grains to produce sharper cutting edges on the grain, or cleaning the surface of an abrasive tool or a lapping pad in order to remove debris from the space between the grains or pores of the pad.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Compensation for grinding wheel abrasion resulting from dressing |
In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:
- "dressing"and " conditioning"
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cooling the grinding surfaces |
This place covers:
Devices and accessories and processes adapted to grinding or polishing machines for ensuring working safety, e.g. tool protective covers, or for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition, e.g. equipment for lubricating or cooling, as well as devices for collecting or recovering material of the workpiece removed by grinding or polishing.
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
For tumbling apparatus |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Of general applicability for machine tools | |
Safety devices in general |
This place does not cover:
Cooling equipment incorporated in grinding wheels |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cooling or lubricating during dressing operation |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
For parts of machine tools in general |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Specially designed for sawing machines and devices | |
Devices for removing chips in machine tools in general |
This place covers:
Means and methods for grading, supplying or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents in solid form, e.g. as wax or powder, or fluid form, e.g. as a liquid or spray.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
In conjunction with fine working of gems, jewels, crystals |