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CPC
COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION
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E02D
FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS, EMBANKMENTS (specially adapted for hydraulic engineering E02B); UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURE (tunnels, tunnelling, mining E21)
WARNING
-
The following IPC groups are not used in the CPC scheme. Subject matter covered by these groups is classified in the following CPC groups:
E02D29/09 covered by E02D 29/06

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E02D 1/00
Investigation of foundation soil in situ (investigation involving boring or specially adapted to earth drilling E21B 25/00, E21B 49/00; investigating or analysing materials by determining their chemical or physical properties, in general G01N, e.g. sampling G01N 1/00)
Collapse
E02D 1/02
.
before construction work
Collapse
E02D 1/022
. .
{
by investigating mechanical properties of the soil (E02D 1/027 takes precedence)
}
E02D 1/025
. . .
{
combined with sampling
}
E02D 1/027
. .
{
by investigating properties relating to fluids in the soil, e.g. pore-water pressure, permeability (sampling of groundwater E02D 1/06)
}
E02D 1/04
. .
Sampling of soil
{
(E02D 1/025 takes precedence)
}
E02D 1/06
. .
Sampling of ground water
E02D 1/08
.
after finishing the foundation structure
{
(testing of piles E02D 33/00)
}
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E02D 3/00
Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil (securing of slopes or inclines E02D 17/20; damming or interrupting passage of underground water E02D 19/12; improving soil for agricultural purposes A01; soil stabilisation for road building or like purposes E01C 21/00, E01C 23/10; setting rock anchoring bolts E21D)
E02D 3/005
.
{
Soil-conditioning by mixing with fibrous materials, filaments, open mesh or the like
}
Collapse
E02D 3/02
.
Improving by compacting (E02D 3/11 takes precedence; compacting soil locally before or while forming foundations E02D 27/26, E02D 27/28)
Collapse
E02D 3/026
. .
by rolling with rollers usable only for or specially adapted for soil compaction, e.g. sheepsfoot rollers (rollers for soil working in agriculture A01B 29/00; rollers for road paving, such rollers usable also for compacting soil E01C 19/23)
E02D 3/0265
. . .
{
Wheels specially adapted therefor; Cleats for said wheels
}
E02D 3/032
. . .
Trench rollers
E02D 3/039
. . .
Slope rollers
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E02D 3/046
. .
by tamping or vibrating, e.g. with auxiliary watering of the soil (E02D 3/026, E02D 3/08 take precedence; generating or transmitting mechanical vibrations for performing mechanical work in general B06B; tamping or vibrating apparatus for working ballast or railways E01B 27/00, for consolidating paving materials E01C 19/30, for consolidating concrete in general E04G 21/06)
E02D 3/054
. . .
involving penetration of the soil, e.g. vibroflotation
E02D 3/061
. . .
Tampers with directly acting explosion chambers (pile drivers with explosion chambers E02D 7/12)
E02D 3/068
. . .
Vibrating apparatus operating with systems involving reciprocating masses (E02D 3/054, E02D 3/061 take precedence)
E02D 3/074
. . .
Vibrating apparatus operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses (E02D 3/054 takes precedence)
E02D 3/08
. .
by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles (sand drains for soil compaction E02D 3/10; stressing soil while forming foundations E02D 27/28)
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E02D 3/10
. .
by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains (E02D 3/11 takes precedence; soil-penetrating vibrators with auxiliary watering E02D 3/054; drainage of soil in general E02B 11/00)
E02D 3/103
. . .
{
by installing wick drains or sand bags
}
E02D 3/106
. . .
{
by forming sand drains containing only loose aggregates (sand piles E02D 3/08)
}
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E02D 3/11
.
by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means (freezing soil for interrupting passage of underground water E02D 19/14)
E02D 3/115
. .
by freezing
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E02D 3/12
.
Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil (making piles E02D 5/46; soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising materials C09K 17/00; consolidation of ground around boreholes or wells E21B33/138B, E21B 43/025)
E02D 3/123
. .
{
and compacting the soil (E02D 3/126 takes precedence)
}
E02D 3/126
. .
{
and mixing by rotating blades
}
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E02D 5/00
Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering (engineering elements in general F16)
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E02D 5/02
.
Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
{
(foundations made with sheet pile bulkheads E02D 27/30; cofferdams E02D 19/04)
}
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E02D 5/03
. .
Prefabricated parts
{
e.g. composite sheet piles
}
Collapse
E02D 5/04
. . .
made of steel
E02D 5/06
. . . .
Fitted piles or other elements specially adapted for closing gaps between two sheet piles or between two walls of sheet piles
E02D 5/08
. . . .
Locking forms; Edge joints; Pile crossings; Branch pieces
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E02D 5/10
. . .
made of concrete or reinforced concrete
{
(moulds therefor E02D 5/70)
}
E02D 5/105
. . . .
{
of prestressed concrete (E02D 5/12 takes precedence)
}
E02D 5/12
. . . .
Locking forms; Edge joints; Pile crossings; Branch pieces
E02D 5/14
. .
Sealing joints between adjacent
{
sheet
}
 piles (sealing joints not restricted to foundation piles E04B 1/68)
E02D 5/16
. .
Auxiliary devices rigidly or detachably arranged on sheet piles for facilitating assembly
{
(as parts of driving or pulling apparatus E02D 7/00, E02D 13/00)
}
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E02D 5/18
.
Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
{
(moulds therefor E02D 5/68; making foundation slots E02D 17/13; sealing diaphragms other than those made of concrete E02D 19/18)
}
E02D 5/182
. .
{
using formworks to separate sections
}
E02D 5/185
. .
{
with flexible joint members between sections (joints in foundation structures E02D 29/16; flexible joints in hydraulic engineering E02B 3/16, in building E04B 1/68)
}
E02D 5/187
. .
{
the bulkheads or walls being made continuously, e.g. excavating and constructing bulkheads or walls in the same process, without joints
}
E02D 5/20
.
Bulkheads or similar walls made of prefabricated parts and concrete, including reinforced concrete, in situ
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E02D 5/22
.
Piles (sheet piles,
{
i.e. elements shaped to mutually lock or mate
}
 E02D 5/02;
{
pile shoes E02D 5/72; foundations on piles E02D 27/12, E02D 27/20
}
)
E02D 5/223
. .
{
Details of top sections of foundation piles(E02D 5/54 takes precedence)
}
E02D 5/226
. .
{
Protecting piles (piles with protecting cases E02D 5/60)
}
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E02D 5/24
. .
Prefabricated piles
NOTE
-
Documents covered both by E02D 5/26 to E02D 5/32 and by one or several of the groups E02D 5/48 to E02D 5/64 are classified in all relevant groups unless specific priority rules to the contrary are given

E02D 5/26
. . .
made of timber with or without reinforcement; Means affording protection against spoiling of the wood (cases E02D 5/60; impregnating agents B27K 3/16); Self-cleaning of piles placed in water
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E02D 5/28
. . .
made of steel
{
or other metals (E02D 5/52 takes precedence)
}
E02D 5/285
. . . .
{
tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements (sheet pile boxes E02D 27/30; concrete piles with metal casings E02D 5/30)
}
E02D 5/30
. . .
made of concrete or reinforced concrete or made of steel and concrete
{
(E02D 5/50 takes precedence; assembled from segments E02D 5/523; prestressed concrete E02D 5/58)
}
E02D 5/32
. . .
with arrangements for setting
{
or assisting in setting
}
 in position by fluid jets
{
(placing piers by using fluid jets in general E02D 7/24)
}
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E02D 5/34
. .
Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position;
{
Apparatus for making same (E02D 5/50 takes precedence; moulds E02D 5/665; placing, removing moulds E02D 7/00 to E02D 11/00; placing the concrete E02D 15/04)
}
E02D 5/36
. . .
making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
NOTE
-
Documents covered both by E02D 5/34 to E02D 5/46 and by one or several of the groups E02D 5/48 to E02D 5/64 are classified in all relevant groups unless specific priority rules to the contrary are given

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E02D 5/38
. . .
making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
E02D 5/385
. . . .
{
with removal of the outer mould-pipes (documents also covered by one or several of the groups E02D 5/40 to E02D 5/44 are classified in all the relevant groups)
}
E02D 5/40
. . . .
in open water
E02D 5/42
. . . .
by making use of pressure liquid or pressure gas for compacting the concrete
Collapse
E02D 5/44
. . . .
with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile
E02D 5/445
. . . . .
{
by application of pyrotechniques
}
E02D 5/46
. . .
making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil (consolidating soil in general E02D 3/12)
E02D 5/48
. .
Piles varying in construction along their length,
{
i.e. along the body between head and shoe, e.g. made of different materials along their length (E02D 5/50, E02D 5/52 take precedence)
}
E02D 5/50
. .
Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ
{
(E02D 5/523 takes precedence)
}
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E02D 5/52
. .
Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes
{
Piles composed of segments
}
Collapse
E02D 5/523
. . .
{
composed of segments
}
E02D 5/526
. . . .
{
Connection means between pile segments
}
E02D 5/54
. .
Piles with prefabricated supports or anchoring parts; Anchoring piles
{
(E02D 5/44 takes precedence; ground anchors E02D 5/80; anchored foundations E02D 27/50)
}
E02D 5/56
. .
Screw piles
{
(placing piles by screwing down E02D 7/22)
}
E02D 5/58
. .
Prestressed concrete piles
{
(segmental piles E02D 5/523)
}
E02D 5/60
. .
Piles with protecting cases
E02D 5/62
. .
Compacting the soil at the footing or in
{
or along
}
 a casing by forcing cement or like material through tubes
E02D 5/64
. .
Repairing piles
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E02D 5/66
.
Mould-pipes or other moulds
{
(for plant use B28B)
}
E02D 5/665
. .
{
for making piles
}
E02D 5/68
. .
for making bulkheads or elements thereof
E02D 5/70
. .
for making sheet piles
{
not used
}
E02D 5/72
.
Pile shoes
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E02D 5/74
.
Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads (anchoring piles E02D 5/54;
{
anchored foundations E02D 27/50
}
)
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E02D 5/76
. .
Anchoring for bulkheads or sections thereof
{
in as much as specially adapted therefor
}
E02D 5/765
. . .
{
removable
}
Collapse
E02D 5/80
. .
Ground anchors
{
(for galleries, tunnels or shafts E21D 21/00)
}
E02D 5/801
. . .
{
driven by screwing
}
E02D 5/803
. . .
{
with pivotable anchoring members
}
E02D 5/805
. . .
{
with deformable anchoring members
}
E02D 5/806
. . .
{
involving use of explosives
}
E02D 5/808
. . .
{
anchored by using exclusively a bonding material
}
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E02D 7/00
Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds (for both placing and removing E02D 11/00;
{
accessories for coupling driver to piles or the like E02D 13/10; for trees or other plants A01G 17/16; placing posts E04H 17/26
}
)
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E02D 7/02
.
Placing by driving
{
(E02D 7/18 to E02D 7/24 take precedence)
}
E02D 7/04
. .
Hand
{
(-actuated)
}
 pile-drivers
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E02D 7/06
. .
Power-driven drivers
{
(tampers E02D 3/061)
}
E02D 7/08
. . .
Drop drivers with free-falling hammer
{
(E02D 7/10 takes precedence)
}
E02D 7/10
. . .
with pressure-actuated hammer,
{
i.e. the pressure fluid acting directly on the hammer structure (E02D 7/12 takes precedence; vibrating drivers E02D 7/18)
}
Collapse
E02D 7/12
. . .
Drivers with explosion chambers
E02D 7/125
. . . .
{
Diesel drivers
}
Collapse
E02D 7/14
. . .
Components for drivers
{
inasmuch as not specially for a specific driver construction
}
Collapse
E02D 7/16
. . . .
Scaffolds
{
or supports
}
 for drivers
{
(guide frames for the elements to be driven per se E02D 13/04; supports of the artificial island type E02B 17/00)
}
E02D 7/165
. . . . .
{
of variable length, e.g. foldable or telescopic
}
E02D 7/18
.
Placing by vibrating
{
(vibrators for soil compacting E02D 3/046)
}
E02D 7/20
.
Placing by pressure or pulling power
E02D 7/22
.
Placing by screwing down
{
(screw piles per se E02D 5/56)
}
E02D 7/24
.
Placing by using fluid jets
{
(prefabricated concrete piles with arrangements therefor E02D 5/32)
}
E02D 7/26
.
Placing by using several means simultaneously
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E02D 7/28
.
Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes
{
(E02D 13/08 takes precedence)
}
E02D 7/30
. .
by driving cores
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E02D 9/00
Removing sheet piles bulkheads, piles, mould-pipes or other moulds
{
or parts thereof
}
(for both placing and removing E02D 11/00)
E02D 9/005
.
{
removing the top of placed piles of sheet piles (E02D 9/04 takes precedence)
}
E02D 9/02
.
by withdrawing
E02D 9/04
.
by cutting-off under water
E02D 11/00
Methods or apparatus
{
specially adapted
}
 for both placing and removing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, or mould-pipes (features relating to placing only E02D 7/00, to removing only E02D 9/00;
{
placing apparatus which without special provisions, can be operated to remove, e.g. vibrating drivers E02D 7/00
}
)
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E02D 13/00
Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads,
{
e.g. noise attenuating chambers
}
E02D 13/005
.
{
Sound absorbing accessories in piling
}
E02D 13/02
.
specially adapted for placing or removing bulkheads
E02D 13/04
.
Guide devices; Guide frames
{
(as parts of the driver scaffold E02D 7/16)
}
E02D 13/06
.
for observation while placing
E02D 13/08
.
Removing obstacles
E02D 13/10
.
Follow-blocks of pile-drivers or like devices
NOTE
-
The IPC wording is replaced by the following wording: Devices adapted to, e.g. interposed on, the top of the pile to be driven, e.g. follow-blocks or the like caps, rings

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E02D 15/00
Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations (
{
soil-shifting E02F;
}
 conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses in general E04G 21/02)
Collapse
E02D 15/02
.
Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation
{
or hydraulic engineering
}
 purposes
{
(lining canals E02B 5/02; banks of the bodies of water E02B 3/121)
}
E02D 15/04
. .
Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
E02D 15/06
. .
Placing concrete under water
{
(for surfacing the bottom of bodies of water E02B 3/121)
}
E02D 15/08
.
Sinking workpieces into water or soil
{
inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
}
E02D 15/10
.
Placing gravel or light material under water
{
inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
}
Collapse
E02D 17/00
Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments (soil-shifting apparatus E02F; earth drilling E21)
Collapse
E02D 17/02
.
Foundation pits
E02D 17/04
. .
Bordering
{
surfacing
}
 or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
Collapse
E02D 17/06
.
Foundation
{
trenches
}
 ditches or narrow shafts
Collapse
E02D 17/08
. .
Bordering or stiffening the sides of ditches
{
trenches
}
 or narrow shafts for foundations
E02D 17/083
. . .
{
Shoring struts
}
E02D 17/086
. . .
{
Travelling trench shores
}
E02D 17/10
. .
Covering trenches for foundations
E02D 17/12
. .
Back-filling of foundation trenches or ditches
{
(apparatus therefor E02F 5/12, E02F 5/22)
}
E02D 17/13
.
Foundation slots
{
or slits
}
; Implements for making these slots
{
or slits
}
E02D 17/16
.
Loosening of soil or rock, under water (for correcting streams E02B 3/02; by dredgers or excavators E02F)
E02D 17/18
.
Making embankments,
{
e.g. dikes, dams
}
(E02D 17/20 takes precedence;
{
foundations for dams E02D 27/40
}
)
Collapse
E02D 17/20
.
Securing of slopes or inclines
{
(by soil E02D 3/12; protection against snowslides or avalanches E01F 7/04, E01F 15/00; securing banks or like surfaces facing on bodies of water E02B 3/12)
}
E02D 17/202
. .
{
with flexible securing means
}
E02D 17/205
. .
{
with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
}
E02D 17/207
. .
{
with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
}
Collapse
E02D 19/00
Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground (sheet piles or bulkheads E02D 5/02)
Collapse
E02D 19/02
.
Restraining of open water
E02D 19/04
. .
by coffer-dams
{
,e.g. made of sheet piles (permanent sheet piling boxes E02D 27/30)
}
Collapse
E02D 19/06
.
Restraining of underground water
E02D 19/08
. .
by employing open ditches arranged below the level of the water
E02D 19/10
. .
by lowering level of ground water
{
(installation for obtaining or collecting drinking water E03B 3/00)
}
Collapse
E02D 19/12
. .
by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
E02D 19/14
. . .
by freezing the soil (in connection with sinking shafts E21D 1/12)
E02D 19/16
. . .
by placing or applying sealing substances (
{
E02D 19/18 takes precedence
}
; consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling pore-filling substances in the soil E02D 3/12;
{
improving soil by chemical substances C09K 17/00
}
)
Collapse
E02D 19/18
. . .
by making use of sealing aprons,
{
e.g. diaphragms made from bituminous or clay material
}
(
{
concrete diaphragms E02D 5/18
}
; sealing or joints for
{
hydraulic
}
 engineering work E02B 3/16)
E02D 19/185
. . . .
{
Joints between sheets constituting the sealing aprons
}
E02D 19/20
. . .
by displacing the water, e.g. by compressed air
{
(pneumatic caissons E02D 23/04)
}
E02D 19/22
.
Lining sumps in trenches
{
or other foundation pits
}
Collapse
E02D 23/00
Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons (tunnels submerged into or built in open water E02D 29/063;
{
moles, piers, quays, breakwaters incorporating caissons E02B 3/06; foundation formed by caissons E02D 27/18 to E02D 27/22; caisson-like artificial islands E02B 17/00
}
)
E02D 23/02
.
Caissons able to be floated on water and to be lowered into water in situ
{
(floating caisson foundations E02D 27/06)
}
Collapse
E02D 23/04
.
Pneumatic caissons
{
(sinking of same E02D 23/10)
}
E02D 23/06
. .
bringing persons or material into or out of compressed air caissons
{
(air locks in mines E21F 1/14)
}
Collapse
E02D 23/08
.
Lowering or sinking caissons
{
(sinking mine shaft E21D 1/00)
}
E02D 23/10
. .
Caisson filled with compressed air
{
(E02D 23/06 takes precedence)
}
E02D 23/12
. .
inclined lowering
E02D 23/14
. .
Decreasing the skin friction while lowering
E02D 23/16
.
Jointing caissons to the foundation soil, specially to uneven foundation soil
E02D 25/00
Joining caissons, sinkers, or other units to each other under water
Collapse
E02D 27/00
Foundations as substructures
Collapse
E02D 27/01
.
Flat foundations
E02D 27/013
. .
{
Shuttering specially adapted therefor
}
E02D 27/016
. .
{
made mainly from prefabricated concrete elements
}
E02D 27/02
. .
Flat foundations without substantial excavation (E02D 27/04, E02D 27/08 take precedence)
Collapse
E02D 27/04
. .
in water or on quicksand
E02D 27/06
. . .
Floating caisson foundations
E02D 27/08
. .
Reinforcements for flat foundations
{
E02D 27/48 takes precedence
}
Collapse
E02D 27/10
.
Deep foundations
Collapse
E02D 27/12
. .
Pile foundations
E02D 27/14
. . .
Pile framings,
{
i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
}
E02D 27/16
. . .
Foundations formed of separate piles
E02D 27/18
. .
Foundations formed by making use of caissons
E02D 27/20
. .
Caisson foundations combined with pile foundations
E02D 27/22
. .
Caisson foundations made by starting from fixed or floating artificial islands by using protective bulkheads
E02D 27/24
.
Foundations constructed by making use of diving-bells (equipment for dwelling or working under water B63C 11/00)
E02D 27/26
.
Compacting soil locally before forming foundations; Construction of foundation structures by forcing binding substances into gravel fillings (consolidating foundation soil in general E02D 3/02 to E02D 3/12;
{
for piles E02D 5/02, E02D 5/46
}
)
E02D 27/28
.
Stressing the soil or the foundation structure while forming foundations
E02D 27/30
.
Foundations made with permanent use of sheet pile bulkheads, walls of planks, or sheet piling boxes
Collapse
E02D 27/32
.
Foundations for special purposes
{
(for paving of roads E01C 3/00)
}
E02D 27/34
. .
Foundations for sinking or earthquake territories (building constructions with protection arrangements against earthquakes E04H 9/02)
E02D 27/35
. .
Foundations formed in frozen ground, e.g. in parmafrost soil
E02D 27/36
. .
Foundations formed in moors or bogs
E02D 27/38
. .
Foundations for large tanks, e.g. oil tanks
E02D 27/40
. .
Foundations for dams across valleys or for dam constructions
{
(dams per se E02B 3/10, E02B 7/04)
}
Collapse
E02D 27/42
. .
Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
{
(sockets or holders for poles or masts per se E04H 12/22)
}
E02D 27/425
. . .
{
specially adapted for wind motors masts (wind motors per se F03D 1/00)
}
E02D 27/44
. .
Foundations for machines, engines or ordnance (special lay-out of foundations with respect to machinery to be supported F16M 9/00)
E02D 27/46
. .
Foundations for supply conduits or other canals
{
(bridges for supporting conduits E01D 18/00; elevated canals E02B 5/005; penstocks E02B 9/06)
}
E02D 27/48
. .
Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions
{
(making a new substructure subsequent to lifting or moving of buildings E04G 23/06)
}
E02D 27/50
. .
Anchored foundations
Collapse
E02D 27/52
. .
Submerged foundations,
{
i.e. submerged in open water (E02D 27/12 to E02D 27/24 take precedence)
}
E02D 27/525
. . .
{
using elements penetrating the underwater ground (sinking work pieces E02D 15/08, sinking caissons E02D 23/02)
}
Collapse
E02D 29/00
{
Independent
}
 underground or underwater structures (underground tanks B65D 88/76; hydraulic engineering, e.g. sealings or joints, E02B; underground garages E04H 6/00; underground air-raid shelters E04H 9/12; burial vaults E04H 13/00); Retaining walls
Collapse
E02D 29/02
.
Retaining or protecting walls (piers or quay walls E02B 3/06)
E02D 29/0208
. .
{
Gabions
}
E02D 29/0216
. .
{
Cribbing walls
}
Collapse
E02D 29/0225
. .
{
comprising retention means in the backfill
}
E02D 29/0233
. . .
{
the retention means being anchors (details of anchors E02D 5/80)
}
E02D 29/0241
. . .
{
the retention means being reinforced earth elements
}
E02D 29/025
. .
{
made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
}
Collapse
E02D 29/0258
. .
{
not used, see subgroups (E02D 29/0208 to E02D 29/025 take precedence)
}
E02D 29/0266
. . .
{
made up of preformed elements
}
E02D 29/0275
. . .
{
cast in situ
}
E02D 29/0283
. . .
{
of mixed type
}
E02D 29/0291
. . .
{
made up of filled, bag-like elements
}
E02D 29/04
.
Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants,
{
e.g. stations of underground railways
}
 ; Construction or layout thereof (E02D 29/10 takes precedence;
{
water-supply or sewerage plants E03
}
; layout of water power plants E02B 9/00; making large underground chambers by underground methods only E21D 13/00)
Collapse
E02D 29/045
.
Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
Collapse
E02D 29/05
. .
at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
E02D 29/055
. . .
further excavation of the cross-section proceeding underneath an already installed part of the structure, e.g. the roof of a tunnel
E02D 29/06
.
Constructions, or methods of constructing, in water
{
(E02D 15/00 takes precedence; submerged foundations E02D 27/52)
}
Collapse
E02D 29/063
.
Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water (construction or placing of caissons in general E02D 23/00; joining caissons to each other under water, in general E02D 25/00)
E02D 29/067
. .
Floating tunnels; Submerged bridge-like tunnels, i.e. tunnels supported by piers or the like above the water-bed (pontoons or floating bridges E01D 15/14)
E02D 29/07
. .
Tunnels or shuttering therefor preconstructed as a whole or continuously made, and moved into place on the water-bed, e.g. into a preformed trench
E02D 29/073
. .
Tunnels or shuttering therefor assembled from sections individually sunk onto, or laid on, the water-bed, e.g. in a preformed trench (caisson-type sections lowered onto the water-bed E02D 29/077)
E02D 29/077
. .
Tunnels at least partially built beneath the water-bed characterised by being made by methods involving disturbance thereof all along the location line, e.g. by cut-and-cover or caisson methods
E02D 29/08
.
Siphons (for sewerage E03F 5/20; siphon weirs E02B 7/18;
{
siphons in general F04F 10/00
}
)
E02D 29/10
.
Tunnels or galleries specially adapted to house conduits, e.g. oil pipe-lines, sewer pipes (for pressure water conduits E02B 9/06;
{
for cables H02G 9/02; layout of tunnels or galleries in general E21D 9/14; road kerbs with housings for pipes or the like E01C 11/222
}
) ; Making conduits in situ, e.g. of concrete (combined with digging of trenches or ditches E02F 5/10;
{
making or lining tunnels or galleries E21D; constructing tunnels or galleries in open excavations E02D 29/045; in open water E02D 29/063
}
) ; Casings,
{
i.e. manhole shafts, access or inspection chambers
}
 or coverings of boreholes or narrow wells (wells for drinking water E03B 3/08; boreholes or wells formed by deep drilling E21B; shafts E21D)
Collapse
E02D 29/12
.
Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor (for underground tanks B65D 90/10; for sewerage E03F 5/02;
{
climbing irons or ladders E06C 9/00
}
)
E02D 29/121
. .
{
characterised by the connection between shaft elements, e.g. of rings forming said shaft
}
E02D 29/122
. .
{
Steps or handrails for shafts
}
E02D 29/124
. .
{
Shaft entirely made of synthetic material
}
E02D 29/125
. .
{
characterised by the lining of the shaft
}
E02D 29/127
. .
{
with devices for impeding fall or injuries of persons
}
E02D 29/128
. .
{
Repairs of manhole shafts
}
Collapse
E02D 29/14
. .
Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
{
(gully gratings E03F 5/06)
}
E02D 29/1409
. . .
{
adjustable in height or inclination
}
E02D 29/1418
. . .
{
with implements to assist in lifting, e.g. counterweights, springs (lifting devices for covers B66F 19/005)
}
E02D 29/1427
. . .
{
Locking devices (of bayonet type E02D 29/14)
}
E02D 29/1436
. . .
{
with overflow or explosion control means, e.g. check or relief valves
}
E02D 29/1445
. . .
{
Tools for positioning or removing cover frames
}
E02D 29/1454
. . .
{
Non-circular covers, e.g. hexagonal, elliptic
}
E02D 29/1463
. . .
{
Hinged connection of cover to frame
}
E02D 29/1472
. . .
{
Cover entirely made of synthetic material
}
E02D 29/1481
. . .
{
Security devices, e.g. indicating unauthorised opening (E02D 29/1427 takes precedence)
}
E02D 29/149
. . .
{
Annular gaskets
}
E02D 29/16
.
Arrangement or construction of joints in foundation structures (
{
for hydraulic engineering E02B 3/16
}
; sealing joints not restricted to foundation structures E04B 1/68)
Collapse
E02D 31/00
Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures
{
(protective casings for piles E02D 5/60)
}
; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution (spillage retaining means for tanks B65D 90/24)
Collapse
E02D 31/002
.
{
Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution (not used, see subgroups and E02D 31/00)
}
E02D 31/004
. .
{
Sealing liners
}
E02D 31/006
. .
{
Sealing of existing landfills, e.g. using mining techniques
}
E02D 31/008
.
{
against entry of noxious gases, e.g. Radon
}
Collapse
E02D 31/02
.
against ground humidity or ground water
{
(E02D 31/06 takes precedence; arrangements other than according to E02D 31/04; against hydraulic pressure of groundwater E02D 31/10)
}
E02D 31/025
. .
{
Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
}
E02D 31/04
. .
Watertight packings for use under hydraulic pressure
{
(sealings for hydraulic engineering in general E02B 3/16; for building structures in general E04B 1/66)
}
E02D 31/06
.
against corrosion by soil or water
E02D 31/08
.
against transmission of vibrations or movements in the foundation soil
{
(E02D 27/34 takes precedence; foundations for machines, engines or ordnance E02D 27/44; for road foundations E01C 3/06)
}
Collapse
E02D 31/10
.
against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
{
(anchored foundations E02D 27/50; joint sealings for use under hydraulic pressure E02D 31/04)
}
E02D 31/12
. .
against upward hydraulic pressure
E02D 31/14
. .
against frost heaves in soil
E02D 33/00
Testing foundations or foundation structures (testing methods and apparatus, see the relevant subclasses of class G01; testing structures or apparatus as regards function, in general, G01M; testing or determining chemical or physical properties, in general G01N)
Collapse
E02D 35/00
Straightening, lifting, or lowering of foundation structures or of constructions erected on foundations
{
(foundations for sinking territories with incorporated means for remedying settlement E02D 27/34; lifting or moving buildings E04G 23/06)
}
E02D 35/005
.
{
Lowering or lifting of foundation structures
}
E02D 37/00
Repair of damaged foundations or foundation structures
{
(renewing piles E02D 5/64; roads E01C 11/005; bridges E01D 22/00; repairing buildings E04G 23/02)
}
Collapse
E02D 2200/00
Geometrical or physical properties
Collapse
E02D 2200/11
.
Height being adjustable
E02D 2200/115
. .
with separate pieces
E02D 2200/12
.
corrugated
E02D 2200/13
.
having at least a mesh portion
Collapse
E02D 2200/14
.
resilient or elastic
E02D 2200/143
. .
helically or spirally shaped
E02D 2200/146
. .
Springs
E02D 2200/15
.
including at least a hinge
Collapse
E02D 2200/16
.
Shapes
Collapse
E02D 2200/1607
. .
round, e.g. circle
E02D 2200/1614
. . .
made from single element
E02D 2200/1621
. . .
made from multiple elements
Collapse
E02D 2200/1628
. .
rectangular
E02D 2200/1635
. . .
made from single element
E02D 2200/1642
. . .
made from multiple elements
Collapse
E02D 2200/165
. .
polygonal
E02D 2200/1657
. . .
made from single element
E02D 2200/1664
. . .
made from multiple elements
E02D 2200/1671
. .
helical or spiral
E02D 2200/1678
. .
triangular
E02D 2200/1685
. .
cylindrical
E02D 2200/1692
. .
conical or convex
E02D 2200/17
.
including an electric conductive element
E02D 2220/00
Temporary installations or constructions
Collapse
E02D 2250/00
Production methods
E02D 2250/0007
.
using a mold
E02D 2250/0015
.
using extrusion
E02D 2250/0023
.
Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
E02D 2250/003
.
Injection of material
E02D 2250/0038
.
using an auger, i.e. continuous flight type
E02D 2250/0046
.
using prestressing techniques
E02D 2250/0053
.
using suction or vacuum techniques
Collapse
E02D 2250/0061
.
for working underwater
E02D 2250/0069
. .
Welding
E02D 2250/0076
. .
Drilling
E02D 2250/0084
. .
using pneumatical means
E02D 2250/0092
. .
using hydraulical means
Collapse
E02D 2300/00
Materials
Collapse
E02D 2300/0001
.
Rubbers
E02D 2300/0003
. .
Car tires
Collapse
E02D 2300/0004
.
Synthetics
Collapse
E02D 2300/0006
. .
Plastics
E02D 2300/0007
. . .
PVC
E02D 2300/0009
. . .
PE
E02D 2300/001
. . .
PP
E02D 2300/0012
. . .
recycled
E02D 2300/0014
. . .
PU
E02D 2300/0015
. . .
HDPE
E02D 2300/0017
. . .
thermoplastic
Collapse
E02D 2300/0018
. .
Cement used as binder
E02D 2300/002
. . .
Concrete
E02D 2300/0021
. . .
Mortar
E02D 2300/0023
. . .
Slurry
E02D 2300/0025
. .
Adhesives, i.e. glues
Collapse
E02D 2300/0026
.
Metals
E02D 2300/0028
. .
Copper
Collapse
E02D 2300/0029
. .
Steel; Iron
E02D 2300/0031
. . .
in cast iron form
E02D 2300/0032
. . .
in sheet form, i.e. bent or deformed plate-material
E02D 2300/0034
. . .
in wire form
E02D 2300/0035
. .
Aluminium
Collapse
E02D 2300/0037
.
Clays
E02D 2300/0039
. .
mixed with additives
Collapse
E02D 2300/004
. .
Bentonite or bentonite-like
E02D 2300/0042
. . .
being modified by adding substances
E02D 2300/0043
. . .
with other ingredients
E02D 2300/0045
.
Composites
Collapse
E02D 2300/0046
.
Foams
E02D 2300/0048
. .
PU
E02D 2300/005
. .
PE
Collapse
E02D 2300/0051
.
Including fibers
E02D 2300/0053
. .
made from glass
Collapse
E02D 2300/0054
. .
made from plastic
E02D 2300/0056
. . .
PVC
E02D 2300/0057
. . .
PE
E02D 2300/0059
. . .
PP
Collapse
E02D 2300/006
. . .
being recycled
E02D 2300/0062
. . . .
Shredded car tires
E02D 2300/0064
. .
made from metal
E02D 2300/0065
. .
made from textile
E02D 2300/0067
. .
made from cellulose
E02D 2300/0068
. .
made from carbon
E02D 2300/007
.
Resins including glasfibers
E02D 2300/0071
.
Wood
E02D 2300/0073
.
Explosives
Collapse
E02D 2300/0075
.
Textiles
E02D 2300/0076
. .
non-woven
E02D 2300/0078
. .
woven
E02D 2300/0079
.
Granulates
E02D 2300/0081
.
Ceramics
E02D 2300/0082
.
Cellulose
E02D 2300/0084
.
Geogrids
Collapse
E02D 2300/0085
.
Geotextiles
E02D 2300/0087
. .
woven
E02D 2300/0089
. .
non-woven
Collapse
E02D 2300/009
. .
with multi-layer structure
Collapse
E02D 2300/0092
. . .
including a liquid tight layer
E02D 2300/0093
. . . .
including bentonite
E02D 2300/0095
. . . .
including a plastic membrane
E02D 2300/0096
. .
with external friction enhancement features
E02D 2300/0098
.
Bitumen
Collapse
E02D 2450/00
Collapse
E02D 2450/10
.
Membranes
Collapse
E02D 2450/101
. .
permeable
E02D 2450/102
. . .
for liquids
E02D 2450/103
. . .
for gases
Collapse
E02D 2450/105
. .
impermeable
E02D 2450/106
. . .
for liquids
E02D 2450/107
. . .
for gases
E02D 2450/108
. .
multi-layered
Collapse
E02D 2600/00
Miscellaneous
E02D 2600/10
.
comprising sensor means
E02D 2600/20
.
comprising details of connection between elements
E02D 2600/30
.
comprising anchoring details
E02D 2600/40
.
comprising stabilising elements
This page is owned by Office of Patent Classification.
Last Modified: 04/16/2013 4:31:16 PM