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CPC
COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION
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C04B
LIME, MAGNESIA ; SLAG ; CEMENTS ; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS ; ARTIFICIAL STONE
{
( roofing granules E04D 7/005 )
}
 ; CERAMICS ( devitrified glass-ceramics C03C 10/00 ) ; REFRACTORIES ; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
NOTE
-
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
- "fillers" includes pigments, aggregates and fibrous reinforcing materials;
- "active ingredients" includes processing aids or property improvers, e.g. grinding aids
used after the burning process or used in the absence of a burning process;
- "mortars", "concrete" and "artificial stone" are to be considered as a single group of
materials, and therefore, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, they include
mortar, concrete and other cementitious compositions.


In groups C04B 7/00 to C04B 32/00 , in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place.


A composition classified in groups C04B 26/00 or C04B 28/00 is also classified in groups C04B 14/00 to C04B 24/00 if a filler or active ingredient is of interest.


In groups C04B 2/00 to C04B 32/00 and C04B 38/00 to C04B 41/00 it is desirable to classify the individual constituents of the mixtures, or other aspects relating to the mixtures or constituents, using Combination Sets with symbols chosen from groups C04B 2/00 to C04B 41/00 .


In groups C04B 2/00 to C04B 32/00 and C04B 38/00 to C04B 41/00 it is desirable to classify the function of the individual constituents of the mixtures, or other aspects relating to the properties or uses of the mixtures or products obtained, using Combination Sets with symbols chosen from groups C04B 2103/00 to C04B 2111/00 .


Groups C04B 20/123 and C04B 20/126 are used for indexing purposes only of documents classified in C04B 20/12


WARNING
-
The following IPC groups are not used in the CPC system. Subject matter covered by these groups is classified in the following CPC groups:

C04B5/02 covered by B01J 2/00 , C21B 3/06
C04B 33/132 to C04B 33/138 covered by C04B 33/13
C04B35/035 covered by C04B 35/26 +s.gr.
C04B35/567 , C04B35/569 , C04B35/576 , C04B35/577 covered by C04B 35/565 , C04B 35/571 to C04B 35/5755 , C04B 35/806
C04B35/582 covered by C04B 35/581 , C04B 35/806
C04B35/5833 , C04B35/5835 covered by C04B 35/583 , C04B 35/806
C04B35/586 , C04B 35/587 , C04B35/594 , C04B35/596 covered by C04B 35/584 , C04B 35/589 to C04B 35/5935 , C04B 35/806
C04B35/599 covered by C04B 35/597
C04B35/81 covered by C04B 35/78
C04B35/84 covered by C04B 35/628 , C04B 35/78

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Guide Heading:
Lime ; Magnesia ; Slag
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C04B 2/00
Lime, magnesia or dolomite ( hydraulic lime cements C04B 7/34 )
C04B 2/005
.
{
obtained from an industrial by-product
}
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C04B 2/02
.
Lime
{
( obtaining Ca(OH)2 otherwise than by simple slaking of quick lime C01F 11/02 )
}
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C04B 2/04
. .
Slaking
{
( simultaneous dehydrating of gypsum and slaking of lime C04B 11/022 )
}
C04B 2/045
. . .
{
After-treatment of slaked lime
}
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C04B 2/06
. . .
with addition of substances, e.g. hydrophobic agents;
{
Slaking in the presence of other compounds
}
C04B 2/063
. . . .
{
Slaking of impure quick lime, e.g. contained in fly ash
}
C04B 2/066
. . . .
{
Making use of the hydration reaction, e.g. the reaction heat for dehydrating gypsum; Chemical drying by using unslaked lime
}
C04B 2/08
. . .
Devices therefor
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C04B 2/10
.
Preheating, burning calcining or cooling ( decarbonation during burning of cement raw materials C04B 7/43 ;
{
obtaining CaO or MgO otherwise than by thermal decomposition of the corresponding carbonates C01F 11/02 , C01F 5/02
}
 )
C04B 2/102
. .
{
of magnesia, e.g. dead burning
}
C04B 2/104
. .
{
Ingredients added before or during the burning process
}
C04B 2/106
. .
{
in fluidised bed furnaces
}
C04B 2/108
. .
{
Treatment or selection of the fuel therefor
}
C04B 2/12
. .
in shaft or vertical furnaces ( shaft or vertical furnaces in general F27B 1/00 )
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C04B 5/00
Treatment of
{
metallurgical
}
 slag ( manufacture of slag wool C03B ; in, or for, the production of metals C21B , C22B ) ; Artificial stone from molten
{
metallurgical
}
 slag ( mechanical aspects B28B 1/54 )
{
other cast stone C04B 32/005
}
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C04B 5/06
.
Ingredients, other than water, added to the molten slag
{
or to the granulating medium or before remelting
}
 ; Treatment with gases or gas generating compounds, e.g. to obtain porous slag
C04B 5/065
. .
{
Porous slag
}
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Guide Heading:
Cements
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C04B 7/00
Hydraulic cements ( calcium sulfate cements C04B 11/00 )
C04B 7/003
.
{
Barium or strontium cements
}
C04B 7/006
.
{
Cement-clinker used in the unground state in mortar - or concrete compositions
}
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C04B 7/02
.
Portland cement
C04B 7/04
. .
using raw materials containing gypsum,
{
i.e. processes of the Mueller-Kuehne type
}
C04B 7/06
. .
using alkaline raw materials ( C04B 7/60 takes precedence )
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C04B 7/12
.
Natural pozzuolanes ; Natural pozzuolana cements;
{
Artificial pozzuolanes or artificial pozzuolana cements other than those obtained from waste or combustion residues, e.g. burned clay; Treating inorganic materials to improve their pozzuolanic characteristics
}
 ( cements containing slag C04B 7/14 )
C04B 7/13
. .
Mixtures thereof with inorganic cementitious materials, e.g. Portland cements
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C04B 7/14
.
Cements containing slag ( slags from waste incineration C04B 7/28 )
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C04B 7/147
. .
Metallurgical slag
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C04B 7/153
. . .
Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
C04B 7/1535
. . . .
{
with alkali metal containing activators, e.g. sodium hydroxide or waterglass
}
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C04B 7/17
. . . .
with calcium oxide containing activators
{
( C04B 7/1535 takes precedence )
}
C04B 7/19
. . . . .
Portland cements
C04B 7/21
. . . .
with calcium sulfate containing activators
{
( C04B 7/1535 takes precedence )
}
C04B 7/22
.
Iron ore cements;
{
Iron rich cements, e.g. Ferrari cements, Kühl cements
}
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C04B 7/24
.
Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
C04B 7/243
. .
{
Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
}
C04B 7/246
. .
{
from waste building materials, e.g. waste asbestos-cement products, demolition waste
}
C04B 7/26
. .
from raw materials containing flue dust,
{
i.e. fly ash ( C04B 7/243 takes precedence )
}
C04B 7/28
. .
from combustion residues,
{
e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
}
 (
{
C04B 7/243
}
 , C04B 7/26 take precedence )
C04B 7/30
. .
from oil shale ; from oil shale residues;
{
from lignite processing, e.g. using certain lignite fractions
}
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C04B 7/32
.
Aluminous cements
C04B 7/323
. .
{
Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
}
C04B 7/326
. .
{
Calcium aluminohalide cements, e.g. based on 11CaO.7Al2O3.CaX2, where X is Cl or F
}
C04B 7/34
.
Hydraulic lime cements ; Roman cements;
{
natural cements
}
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C04B 7/345
.
Hydraulic cements not provided for in one of the groups C04B 7/02 to C04B 7/34
C04B 7/3453
. .
{
Belite cements, e.g. self-disintegrating cements based on dicalciumsilicate
}
C04B 7/3456
. .
{
Alinite cements, e.g. "Nudelman"-type cements, bromo-alinite cements, fluoro-alinite cements
}
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C04B 7/36
.
Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
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C04B 7/361
. .
{
Condition or time responsive control in hydraulic cement manufacturing processes ( controlling or regulating in general G05 ; F27B 7/42 takes precedence )
}
C04B 7/362
. . .
{
for raw materials handling, e.g. during the grinding or mixing step
}
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C04B 7/364
. .
{
Avoiding environmental pollution during cement-manufacturing
}
C04B 7/365
. . .
{
by extracting part of the material from the process flow and returning it into the process after a separate treatment, e.g. in a separate retention unit under specific conditions
}
C04B 7/367
. . .
{
Avoiding or minimising carbon dioxide emissions
}
C04B 7/368
. .
{
Obtaining spherical cement particles
}
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C04B 7/38
. .
Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches,
{
e.g. mixing with fuel; ( C04B 7/362 takes precedence )
}
C04B 7/40
. . .
Dehydrating ; Forming, e.g. granulating ( apparatus for granulating B01J 2/00 )
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C04B 7/42
. . .
Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process ( after the burning process C04B 22/00 , C04B 24/00 )
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C04B 7/421
. . . .
{
Inorganic materials
}
C04B 7/422
. . . . .
{
Elements
}
C04B 7/424
. . . . .
{
Oxides, Hydroxides
}
C04B 7/425
. . . . .
{
Acids or salts thereof
}
C04B 7/427
. . . . .
{
Silicates
}
C04B 7/428
. . . .
{
Organic materials
}
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C04B 7/43
. .
Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting ; Cooling
{
( aspects only relating to the installation F27B )
}
C04B 7/432
. . .
{
Preheating without addition of fuel
}
C04B 7/434
. . .
{
Preheating with addition of fuel, e.g. calcining
}
C04B 7/436
. . .
{
Special arrangements for treating part or all of the cement kiln dust
}
C04B 7/438
. . .
{
Evacuating at least part of the heat treated material before the final burning or melting step, the evacuated material being used as a cement as such
}
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C04B 7/44
. . .
Burning ; Melting
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C04B 7/4407
. . . .
{
Treatment or selection of the fuel therefor, e.g. use of hazardous waste as secondary fuel ( fuels in general C10L ) ; Use of particular energy sources, e.g. waste hot gases from other processes
}
C04B 7/4415
. . . . .
{
Waste hot gases
}
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C04B 7/4423
. . . . .
{
Waste or refuse used as fuel
}
C04B 7/443
. . . . . .
{
Tyres, e.g. shredded
}
C04B 7/4438
. . . . .
{
the fuel being introduced directly into the rotary kiln
}
C04B 7/4446
. . . . .
{
the fuel being treated in a separate gasifying or decomposing chamber, e.g. a separate combustion chamber
}
C04B 7/4453
. . . .
{
using plasmas or radiations
}
C04B 7/4461
. . . .
{
Grate sintering
}
C04B 7/4469
. . . .
{
in shaft or vertical kilns
}
C04B 7/4476
. . . .
{
Selection of the kiln atmosphere
}
C04B 7/4484
. . . .
{
Non-electric melting
}
C04B 7/4492
. . . .
{
Inhibiting the formation of or eliminating incrustations in the cement kiln ( removing incrustations from rotary-drum furnaces F27B 7/2075 )
}
C04B 7/45
. . . .
in fluidised beds,
{
e.g. spouted beds
}
C04B 7/46
. . . .
electric
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C04B 7/47
. . .
Cooling;
{
Waste heat management
}
C04B 7/475
. . . .
{
using the waste heat, e.g. of the cooled clinker, in an other way than by simple heat exchange in the cement production line, e.g. for generating steam
}
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C04B 7/48
. .
Clinker treatment ( C04B 7/47 takes precedence )
C04B 7/51
. . .
Hydrating
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C04B 7/52
. . .
Grinding;
{
After-treatment of ground cement
}
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C04B 7/522
. . . .
{
After-treatment of ground cement ( C04B 7/368 takes precedence )
}
C04B 7/525
. . . . .
{
Briquetting
}
C04B 7/527
. . . .
{
obtaining cements characterised by fineness, e.g. by multi-modal particle size distribution
}
C04B 7/60
. .
Methods for eliminating alkali metals or compounds thereof,
{
e.g. from the raw materials or during the burning process; methods for eliminating other harmful components ( avoiding environmental pollution C04B 7/364 )
}
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C04B 9/00
Magnesium cements or similar cements
C04B 9/02
.
Magnesium cements containing chlorides, e.g. Sorel cement
C04B 9/04
.
Magnesium cements containing sulfates, nitrates, phosphates or fluorides
C04B 9/06
.
Cements containing metal compounds other than magnesium compounds, e.g. compounds of zinc or lead
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C04B 9/11
.
Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials
C04B 9/12
. .
with hydraulic cements, e.g. Portland cement
C04B 9/20
.
Manufacture, e.g. preparing the batches ( preheating, burning, calcining or cooling lime stone, magnesite or dolomite C04B 2/10 )
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C04B 11/00
Calcium sulfate cements
C04B 11/002
.
{
Mixtures of different CaSO4-modifications, e.g. plaster of Paris and anhydrite, used as cements
}
C04B 11/005
.
{
Preparing or treating the raw materials
}
C04B 11/007
.
{
After-treatment of the dehydration products, e.g. aging, stabilisation
}
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C04B 11/02
.
{
Methods and apparatus for
}
 dehydrating gypsum
{
( for other purposes than cement manufacture C01F 11/466 )
}
C04B 11/022
. .
{
Simultaneous dehydrating of gypsum and slaking of lime
}
C04B 11/024
. .
Ingredients added before, or during, the calcining process, e.g. calcination modifiers
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C04B 11/028
. .
Devices therefor
{
characterised by the type of calcining devices used therefor or by the type of hemihydrate obtained
}
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C04B 11/0281
. . .
{
Kettles; Marmites; Autoclaves
}
C04B 11/0282
. . . .
{
Autoclaves, e.g. using chariots
}
C04B 11/0283
. . .
{
Fluidised beds
}
C04B 11/0285
. . .
{
Rotary kilns
}
C04B 11/0286
. . .
{
Suspension heaters for flash calcining, e.g. cyclones
}
C04B 11/0287
. . .
{
Multi-storey horizontal furnaces
}
C04B 11/0288
. . .
{
Grates
}
C04B 11/032
. . .
for the wet process, e.g. dehydrating in solution or under saturated vapour conditions,
{
i.e. to obtain alpha-hemihydrate ( C04B 11/0281 to C04B 11/0288 take precedence )
}
C04B 11/036
. . .
for the dry process, e.g. dehydrating in a fluidised bed or in a rotary kiln,
{
i.e. to obtain beta-hemihydrate ( C04B 11/0281 to C04B 11/0288 take precedence )
}
C04B 11/05
.
obtaining anhydrite,
{
e.g. Keene`s cement
}
 ( C04B 11/028 takes precedence )
C04B 11/06
.
starting from anhydrite
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C04B 11/26
.
{
strating from chemical gypsum
}
 ; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke ( C04B 11/02 takes precedence; chemical purification of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases B01D 53/00
{
purification of gypsum C01F 11/46
}
 )
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C04B 11/262
. .
{
waste gypsum other than phosphogypsum
}
C04B 11/264
. . .
{
Gypsum from the desulfurisation of flue gases
}
C04B 11/266
. .
{
Chemical gypsum
}
C04B 11/268
. .
{
pelletizing of the material before starting the manufacture
}
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C04B 11/28
.
Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials ( C04B 7/04 , C04B 7/153 take precedence )
C04B 11/30
. .
with hydraulic cements, e.g. Portland cements
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C04B 12/00
Cements not provided for in groups C04B 7/00 to C04B 11/00
C04B 12/005
.
{
Geopolymer cements, e.g. reaction products of aluminosilicates with alkali metal hydroxides or silicates
}
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C04B 12/02
.
Phosphate cements ( in, or for, the manufacture of ceramics C04B 33/00 , C04B 35/00 )
C04B 12/022
. .
{
Al-phosphates
}
C04B 12/025
. .
{
Phosphates of ammonium or of the alkali or alkaline earth metals
}
C04B 12/027
. .
{
mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials
}
C04B 12/04
.
Alkali metal or ammonium silicate cements
{
Alkyl silicate cements; Silica sol cements; Soluble silicate cements
}
 ( alkali metal silicates per se, their preparation C01B 33/32 ; ammonium silicates per se, their preparation C01C 1/00 )
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Guide Heading:
Use of materials as fillers ( ceramics C04B 33/00 , C04B 35/00 ; reinforcing elements for building materials E04C 5/00 )
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C04B 14/00
Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone ; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone ( expanding or defibrillating materials C04B 20/00 )
NOTE
-
Fillers with a well-defined shape other than granular are considered to be reinforcing elements and thus are classified in E04C 5/00 . However, if they are only characterised by their composition, classification is made in C04B only

C04B 14/005
.
{
Inorganic fillers with a shape other than granular or fibrous ( carbon nanotubes C04B 14/026 )
}
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C04B 14/02
.
Granular materials,
{
e.g. micro-balloons
}
Collapse
C04B 14/022
. .
{
Carbon
}
C04B 14/024
. . .
{
Graphite
}
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C04B 14/026
. . .
{
of particular shape, e.g. nanotubes
}
C04B 14/028
. . . .
{
Carbon aerogels
}
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C04B 14/04
. .
Silica-rich materials ; Silicates
C04B 14/041
. . .
{
Aluminium silicates other than clay
}
C04B 14/042
. . .
{
Magnesium silicates, e.g. talc, sepiolite
}
C04B 14/043
. . .
{
Alkaline-earth metal silicates, e.g. wollastonite
}
C04B 14/044
. . .
{
Polysilicates, e.g. geopolymers
}
C04B 14/045
. . .
{
Alkali-metal containing silicates, e.g. petalite ( waterglass C04B 12/04 )
}
C04B 14/046
. . .
{
Zircon
}
C04B 14/047
. . .
{
Zeolites
}
C04B 14/048
. . .
{
Granite
}
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C04B 14/06
. . .
Quartz ; Sand
C04B 14/062
. . . .
{
Micro-silica, e.g. colloïdal silica ( preparing micro-silica slurries or suspensions C04B 18/148 )
}
C04B 14/064
. . . .
{
Silica aerogel
}
C04B 14/066
. . . .
{
Precipitated or pyrogenic silica
}
C04B 14/068
. . . .
{
Specific natural sands, e.g. sea -, beach -, dune - or desert sand
}
C04B 14/08
. . .
Diatomaceous earth
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C04B 14/10
. . .
Clay
{
( sepiolite C04B 14/042 ; grog C04B 18/025 )
}
C04B 14/102
. . . .
{
Attapulgite clay
}
C04B 14/104
. . . .
{
Bentonite, e.g. montmorillonite
}
C04B 14/106
. . . .
{
Kaolin
}
C04B 14/108
. . . .
{
Shale, slate ( colliery shale C04B 18/125 )
}
C04B 14/12
. . . .
Expanded clay
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C04B 14/14
. . .
Minerals of vulcanic origin
{
( granite C04B 14/048 )
}
C04B 14/16
. . . .
porous, e.g. pumice
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C04B 14/18
. . . .
Perlite
C04B 14/185
. . . . .
{
expanded
}
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C04B 14/20
. . .
Mica ; Vermiculite
{
( Mechanical splitting B28D )
}
C04B 14/202
. . . .
{
Vermiculite
}
C04B 14/204
. . . .
{
expanded
}
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C04B 14/206
. . . .
{
Mica or vermiculite modified by cation-exchange; chemically exfoliated vermiculate
}
C04B 14/208
. . . . .
{
delaminated mica or vermiculite platelets
}
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C04B 14/22
. . .
Glass;
{
Devitrified glass
}
C04B 14/24
. . . .
porous, e.g. foamed glass
Collapse
C04B 14/26
. .
Carbonates
Collapse
C04B 14/28
. . .
of calcium
C04B 14/285
. . . .
{
Marble
}
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C04B 14/30
. .
Oxides other than silica
{
ferrites C04B 14/363
}
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C04B 14/301
. . .
{
porous or hollow
}
C04B 14/302
. . . .
{
Aerogels
}
C04B 14/303
. . .
{
Alumina
}
C04B 14/304
. . .
{
Magnesia
}
C04B 14/305
. . .
{
Titanium oxide, e.g. titanates
}
C04B 14/306
. . .
{
Zirconium oxide ( zircon C04B 14/046 )
}
C04B 14/307
. . .
{
Chromium oxide
}
C04B 14/308
. . .
{
Iron oxide
}
C04B 14/309
. . .
{
Copper oxide or solid solutions thereof
}
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C04B 14/32
. .
Carbides ; Nitrides ; Borides;
{
Silicides
}
C04B 14/321
. . .
{
Borides
}
Collapse
C04B 14/322
. . .
{
Carbides
}
C04B 14/323
. . . .
{
Boron carbide
}
C04B 14/324
. . . .
{
Silicon carbide
}
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C04B 14/325
. . .
{
Nitrides
}
C04B 14/326
. . . .
{
Aluminium nitride
}
C04B 14/327
. . . .
{
Boron nitride
}
C04B 14/328
. . . .
{
Silicon nitride
}
C04B 14/34
. .
Metals,
{
e.g. ferro-silicon
}
Collapse
C04B 14/36
. .
Inorganic materials not provided for in groups
{
C04B 14/022 and
}
 C04B 14/04 to C04B 14/34
C04B 14/361
. . .
{
Soil, e.g. laterite
}
C04B 14/363
. . .
{
Ferrites
}
C04B 14/365
. . .
{
Gypsum ( synthetic gypsum C04B 18/0445 , C04B 18/064 )
}
C04B 14/366
. . .
{
Phosphates, e.g. apatite
}
C04B 14/368
. . .
{
Baryte
}
Collapse
C04B 14/38
.
Fibrous materials ; Whiskers
C04B 14/383
. .
{
Whiskers
}
C04B 14/386
. .
{
Carbon ( carbon nanotubes C04B 14/026 )
}
Collapse
C04B 14/40
. .
Asbestos
C04B 14/405
. . .
{
Waste asbestos
}
Collapse
C04B 14/42
. .
Glass
C04B 14/44
. . .
Treatment for enhancing alkali resistance
{
composition of alkali resistant glass fibres C03C 13/00 ; coating of glass fibres C03C 25/10
}
Collapse
C04B 14/46
. .
Rock wool;
{
Ceramic or silicate fibres ( C04B 14/40 , C04B 14/42 take precedence )
}
C04B 14/4606
. . .
{
added as organic or organo-mineral precursors
}
C04B 14/4612
. . .
{
Al-borates
}
Collapse
C04B 14/4618
. . .
{
Oxides
}
C04B 14/4625
. . . .
{
Alumina
}
C04B 14/4631
. . . .
{
Silica
}
C04B 14/4637
. . .
{
Zirconia or zircon
}
Collapse
C04B 14/4643
. . .
{
Silicates other than zircon
}
C04B 14/465
. . . .
{
Ca-silicate, e.g. wollastonite
}
C04B 14/4656
. . . .
{
Al-silicates, e.g. clay
}
C04B 14/4662
. . . .
{
Polysilicates, e.g. geopolymers
}
C04B 14/4668
. . . .
{
of vulcanic origin
}
C04B 14/4675
. . . .
{
from slags
}
C04B 14/4681
. . .
{
Titanates
}
Collapse
C04B 14/4687
. . .
{
Non-oxide ceramics ( carbon or graphite fibres C04B 14/386 )
}
C04B 14/4693
. . . .
{
Silicon carbide
}
C04B 14/48
. .
Metal
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C04B 16/00
Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone ; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
NOTE
-
Fillers with a well-defined shape other than granular are considered to be reinforcing elements and thus are classified in E04C 5/00 . However, if they are only characterised by their composition, classification is made in C04B only

C04B 16/02
.
Cellulosic materials ( cellulosic waste materials, e.g. sawdust, rice husks, C04B 18/24 )
Collapse
C04B 16/04
.
Macromolecular compounds ( C04B 16/02 takes precedence )
Collapse
C04B 16/06
. .
fibrous
C04B 16/0608
. . .
{
Fibrilles, e.g. fibrillated films
}
Collapse
C04B 16/0616
. . .
{
from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
Collapse
C04B 16/0625
. . . .
{
Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
}
C04B 16/0633
. . . . .
{
Polypropylene
}
C04B 16/0641
. . . .
{
Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
}
Collapse
C04B 16/065
. . . .
{
Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
}
C04B 16/0658
. . . . .
{
Polyacrylonitrile
}
C04B 16/0666
. . . .
{
Polystyrene
}
Collapse
C04B 16/0675
. . .
{
from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 16/0683
. . . .
{
Polyesters, e.g. polylactides
}
C04B 16/0691
. . . .
{
Polyamides; Polyaramides
}
Collapse
C04B 16/08
. .
porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads
{
or micro-balloons
}
C04B 16/082
. . .
{
other than polystyrene based, e.g. polyurethane foam
}
C04B 16/085
. . .
{
expanded in situ, i.e. during or after mixing the mortar, concrete or artificial stone ingredients
}
C04B 16/087
. . .
{
shredded
}
C04B 16/10
. .
Treatment for enhancing the mixability with the mortar
{
( coating C04B 20/10 )
}
C04B 16/12
.
characterised by the shape ( fibrous macromolecular compounds C04B 16/06 ; porous macromolecular compounds C04B 16/08 ) ,
{
e.g. perforated strips
}
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C04B 18/00
Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone ( use of waste materials for the manufacture of cement C04B 7/24 ) ; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
NOTE
-
Fillers with a well defined shape other than granular are considered to be reinforcing elements and thus are classified in E04C 5/00 . However, if they are only characterised by their composition, classification is made in C04B only

Collapse
C04B 18/02
.
Agglomerated materials,
{
e.g. artificial aggregates
}
C04B 18/021
. .
{
agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
}
C04B 18/022
. .
{
agglomerated by an organic binder
}
Collapse
C04B 18/023
. .
{
Fired or melted materials ( C04B 20/06 takes precedence )
}
C04B 18/025
. . .
{
Grog
}
C04B 18/026
. . .
{
Melted materials ( C04B 14/22 takes precedence )
}
C04B 18/027
. .
{
Lightweight material ( C04B 14/12 takes precedence )
}
C04B 18/028
. .
{
temporarely agglomerated, e.g. agglomerates which fall apart during mixing with the other mortar or concrete ingredients
}
Collapse
C04B 18/04
.
Waste materials ; Refuse
{
( C04B 14/405 takes precedence )
}
C04B 18/0409
. .
{
Waste from the purification of bauxite, e.g. red mud
}
C04B 18/0418
. .
{
Wet materials, e.g. slurries
}
C04B 18/0427
. .
{
Dry materials
}
C04B 18/0436
. .
{
Dredged harbour or river sludge ( other slurries or sludges C04B 18/0418 )
}
C04B 18/0445
. .
{
Synthetic gypsum, e.g. phosphogypsum ( gypsum from smoke purification C04B 18/064 )
}
C04B 18/0454
. .
{
Bleaching earth
}
Collapse
C04B 18/0463
. .
{
Hazardous waste
}
C04B 18/0472
. . .
{
Waste material contaminated by heavy metals
}
Collapse
C04B 18/0481
. .
{
Other specific industrial waste materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B 18/00
}
C04B 18/049
. . .
{
Wastes from oil or other wells, e.g. drilling mud
}
Collapse
C04B 18/06
. .
Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
C04B 18/061
. . .
{
Ashes from fluidised bed furnaces
}
Collapse
C04B 18/062
. . .
{
Purification products of smoke, fume or exhaust-gases
}
C04B 18/064
. . . .
{
Gypsum
}
C04B 18/065
. . .
{
Residues from coal gasification
}
C04B 18/067
. . .
{
Slags
}
C04B 18/068
. . .
{
from burning wood
}
Collapse
C04B 18/08
. . .
Flue dust,
{
i.e. fly ash
}
C04B 18/081
. . . .
{
from brown coal or lignite
}
C04B 18/082
. . . .
{
Cenospheres
}
C04B 18/084
. . . .
{
obtained from mixtures of pulverised coal and additives, added to influence the composition of the resulting flue dust
}
C04B 18/085
. . . .
{
Pelletizing
}
C04B 18/087
. . . .
{
from liquid fuels, e.g. oil
}
C04B 18/088
. . . .
{
in high volume fly ash compositions
}
Collapse
C04B 18/10
. . .
Burned
{
or pyrolised
}
 refuse
C04B 18/101
. . . .
{
Burned rice husks or other burned vegetable material
}
C04B 18/103
. . . .
{
Burned or pyrolised sludges
}
Collapse
C04B 18/105
. . . .
{
Gaseous combustion products or dusts collected from waste incineration, e.g. sludge resulting from the purification of gaseous combustion products of waste incineration
}
C04B 18/106
. . . . .
{
Fly ash from waste incinerators
}
C04B 18/108
. . . .
{
involving a melting step
}
Collapse
C04B 18/12
. .
from quarries, mining or the like
C04B 18/125
. . .
{
Slate residues, e.g. colliery shale or oil shale or oil shale ash
}
Collapse
C04B 18/14
. .
from metallurgical processes ( treatment of slag C04B 5/00 ; for manufacture of cement C04B 7/14 )
Collapse
C04B 18/141
. . .
{
Slags
}
Collapse
C04B 18/142
. . . .
{
Steelmaking slags, converter slags
}
C04B 18/143
. . . . .
{
L.D. slags, i.e. Linz-Donawitz slags
}
C04B 18/144
. . . .
{
Slags from the production of specific metals other than iron or of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
}
C04B 18/145
. . . .
{
Phosphorus slags
}
Collapse
C04B 18/146
. . .
{
Silica fume
}
Collapse
C04B 18/147
. . . .
{
Conditioning
}
C04B 18/148
. . . . .
{
Preparing silica fume slurries or suspensions
}
C04B 18/149
. . .
{
other than silica fume or slag
}
Collapse
C04B 18/16
. .
from building or ceramic industry
{
( separating plants for waste concrete slurry B03B 9/063 )
}
C04B 18/162
. . .
{
Cement kiln dust; Lime kiln dust
}
C04B 18/165
. . .
{
Ceramic waste
}
C04B 18/167
. . .
{
Recycled material, i.e. waste material reused in the production of the same material
}
Collapse
C04B 18/18
. .
organic ( C04B 18/10 takes precedence )
Collapse
C04B 18/20
. . .
from macromolecular compounds
{
( recycled expanded polystyrene C04B 16/08 )
}
C04B 18/22
. . . .
Rubber
{
e.g. ground waste tires
}
Collapse
C04B 18/24
. . .
Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse ; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper,
{
cork
}
Collapse
C04B 18/241
. . . .
{
Paper, e.g. waste paper; Paper pulp
}
C04B 18/243
. . . . .
{
Waste from paper processing or recycling paper, e.g. de-inking sludge ( burned paper processing waste C04B 18/10 )
}
C04B 18/245
. . . .
{
Cork; Bark
}
C04B 18/246
. . . .
{
expanded
}
C04B 18/248
. . . .
{
from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
}
Collapse
C04B 18/26
. . . .
Wood, e.g. sawdust, wood shavings
C04B 18/265
. . . . .
{
from specific species, e.g. birch
}
C04B 18/28
. . . .
Mineralising ; Compositions therefor
Collapse
C04B 18/30
. .
Mixed waste ; Waste of undefined composition, ( C04B 18/10 takes precedence )
C04B 18/305
. . .
{
Municipal waste
}
Collapse
C04B 20/00
Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B 14/00 to C04B 18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution ; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B 14/00 to C04B 18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone ; Expanding or defibrillating materials
NOTE
-
Fillers with a well-defined shape other than granular are considered to be reinforcing elements and thus are classified in E04C 5/00 . However, if they are only characterised by their composition, classification is made in C04B only

C04B 20/0004
.
{
Microcomposites or nanocomposites, e.g. composite particles obtained by polymerising monomers onto inorganic materials
}
Collapse
C04B 20/0008
.
{
Materials specified by a shape not covered by C04B 20/0016 to C04B 20/0056 , e.g. nanotubes
}
C04B 20/0012
. .
{
Irregular shaped fillers
}
Collapse
C04B 20/0016
.
{
Granular materials, e.g. micro-balloons
}
Collapse
C04B 20/002
. .
{
Hollow or porous granular materials
}
C04B 20/0024
. . .
{
expanded in situ, i.e. the material is expanded or made hollow after primary shaping of the mortar, concrete or artificial stone mixture ( C04B 16/085 takes precedence )
}
C04B 20/0028
. . .
{
crushable
}
C04B 20/0032
. . .
{
characterised by the gas filling pores, e.g. inert gas or air at reduced pressure
}
C04B 20/0036
. . .
{
Micro-sized or nano-sized
}
C04B 20/004
. . .
{
inorganic
}
C04B 20/0044
. .
{
obtained from irregularly shaped particles
}
Collapse
C04B 20/0048
.
{
Fibrous materials
}
C04B 20/0052
. .
{
Mixtures of fibres of different physical characteristics, e.g. different lengths
}
C04B 20/0056
. .
{
Hollow or porous fibres
}
C04B 20/006
. .
{
Microfibres; Nanofibres
}
C04B 20/0064
. .
{
Ground fibres
}
C04B 20/0068
. .
{
Composite fibres, e.g. fibres with a core and sheath of different material
}
C04B 20/0072
. .
{
Continuous fibres
}
Collapse
C04B 20/0076
.
{
characterised by the grain distribution
}
Collapse
C04B 20/008
. .
{
Micro- or nanosized fillers, e.g. micronisedfillers with particle size smaller than that of the hydraulic binder ( colloïdal silica C04B 14/062 ; silica fume C04B 18/146 )
}
C04B 20/0084
. . .
{
Conditioning, e.g. preparing suspensions thereof ( C04B 18/148 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 20/0088
. .
{
Fillers with mono- or narrow grain size distribution
}
C04B 20/0092
. . .
{
Fillers with fine grain sizes only
}
C04B 20/0096
. .
{
Fillers with bimodal grain size distribution
}
Collapse
C04B 20/02
.
Treatment
C04B 20/023
. .
{
Chemical treatment
}
C04B 20/026
. .
{
Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
}
Collapse
C04B 20/04
. .
Heat treatment
Collapse
C04B 20/06
. . .
Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials
C04B 20/061
. . . .
{
in rotary kilns
}
C04B 20/063
. . . .
{
by grate sintering
}
C04B 20/065
. . . .
{
in fluidised beds
}
C04B 20/066
. . . .
{
in shaft or vertical furnaces
}
C04B 20/068
. . . .
{
Selection of ingredients added before or during the thermal treatment, e.g. expansion promoting agents or particle-coating materials
}
C04B 20/08
. .
Defibrilating asbestos
{
( defibrillating other fibres C04B 20/026 )
}
Collapse
C04B 20/10
.
Coating or impregnating
{
( roofing granules E04D 7/005 )
}
Collapse
C04B 20/1003
. .
{
Non-compositional aspects of the coating or impregnation
}
C04B 20/1007
. . .
{
Porous or lightweight coatings
}
C04B 20/1011
. . .
{
Temporary coatings
}
C04B 20/1014
. . .
{
Coating or impregnating materials characterised by the shape, e.g. fibrous materials
}
Collapse
C04B 20/1018
. .
{
with organic materials ( pigments or dyes C04B 20/1096 )
}
Collapse
C04B 20/1022
. . .
{
Non-macromolecular compounds
}
C04B 20/1025
. . . .
{
Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids; Derivatives thereof
}
Collapse
C04B 20/1029
. . .
{
Macromolecular compounds
}
C04B 20/1033
. . . .
{
obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 20/1037
. . . .
{
obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 20/104
. . . .
{
Natural resins, e.g. tall oil
}
C04B 20/1044
. . . .
{
Bituminous materials
}
C04B 20/1048
. . . .
{
Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, or derivatives thereof
}
C04B 20/1051
. .
{
Organo-metallic compounds; Organo-silicon compounds, e.g. bentone
}
Collapse
C04B 20/1055
. .
{
with inorganic materials
}
C04B 20/1059
. . .
{
Pigments or precursors thereof
}
C04B 20/1062
. . .
{
Metals
}
C04B 20/1066
. . .
{
Oxides, Hydroxides
}
C04B 20/107
. . .
{
Acids or salts thereof
}
C04B 20/1074
. . .
{
Silicates, e.g. glass
}
Collapse
C04B 20/1077
. . .
{
Cements, e.g. waterglass
}
C04B 20/1081
. . . .
{
Mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers
}
C04B 20/1085
. . . .
{
Waterglass
}
C04B 20/1088
. . .
{
Water
}
Collapse
C04B 20/1092
. .
{
with pigments or dyes ( C04B 20/1059 takes precedence )
}
C04B 20/1096
. . .
{
organic
}
Collapse
C04B 20/12
. .
Multiple coating or impregnating
C04B 20/123
. . .
{
Multiple coatings, for one of the coatings of which at least one alternative is described
}
C04B 20/126
. . .
{
Multiple coatings, comprising a coating layer of the same material as a previous coating layer
}
Collapse
Guide Heading:
Use of materials as active ingredients
NOTE
-
Active ingredients which react with cement compounds for forming new or modified mineralogical phases and are added before the hardening process, as well as cements added as additives to other cements, are classified in groups C04B 7/00 to C04B 12/00 , e.g. in group C04B 7/42 .

Collapse
C04B 22/00
Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators,
{
shrink compensating agents
}
C04B 22/0006
.
{
Waste inorganic materials
}
C04B 22/0013
.
{
Boron compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 22/002
.
{
Water
}
Collapse
C04B 22/0026
. .
{
Salt water, e.g. seawater
}
C04B 22/0033
. . .
{
other than sea water, e.g. from mining activities
}
C04B 22/004
. .
{
containing dissolved additives or active agents, i.e. aquous solutions used as gauging water ( C04B 22/0026 takes precedence )
}
C04B 22/0046
. .
{
Waste slurries or solutions used as gauging water
}
C04B 22/0053
. .
{
added in a particular physical form, e.g. atomised or in the gas phase
}
C04B 22/006
. .
{
released by a chemical reaction, e.g. polymer condensation
}
Collapse
C04B 22/0066
.
{
Compounds chosen for their high crystalwater content
}
C04B 22/0073
. .
{
added in the non-hydrated or only partially-hydrated form
}
C04B 22/008
.
{
Cement and like inorganic materials added as expanding or shrinkage compensating ingredients in mortar or concrete compositions, the expansion being the result of a recrystallisation ( mixtures of cements C04B 7/00 , C04B 28/00 )
}
C04B 22/0086
.
{
Seeding materials
}
C04B 22/0093
.
{
Aluminates
}
Collapse
C04B 22/02
.
Elements
C04B 22/04
. .
Metals, e.g. aluminium used as blowing agent
Collapse
C04B 22/06
.
Oxides, Hydroxides ( C04B 22/0013 takes precedence )
Collapse
C04B 22/062
. .
{
of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals
}
C04B 22/064
. . .
{
of the alkaline-earth metals
}
C04B 22/066
. .
{
Magnesia; Magnesium hydroxide
}
C04B 22/068
. .
{
Peroxides, e.g. hydrogen peroxide
}
Collapse
C04B 22/08
.
Acids or salts thereof
{
C04B 22/0013 takes precedence
}
C04B 22/082
. .
{
Acids
}
C04B 22/085
. .
{
containing nitrogen in the anion, e.g. nitrites
}
C04B 22/087
. .
{
containing chromium in the anion, e.g. chromates
}
Collapse
C04B 22/10
. .
containing carbon in the anion
C04B 22/103
. . .
{
Acids
}
C04B 22/106
. . .
{
Bicarbonates
}
Collapse
C04B 22/12
. .
containing halogen in the anion
C04B 22/122
. . .
{
Acids
}
C04B 22/124
. . .
{
Chlorides of ammonium or of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g. calcium chloride
}
C04B 22/126
. . .
{
Fluorine compounds, e.g. silico-fluorine compounds
}
C04B 22/128
. . .
{
Bromine compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 22/14
. .
containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
C04B 22/141
. . .
{
Acids
}
Collapse
C04B 22/142
. . .
{
Sulfates
}
Collapse
C04B 22/143
. . . .
{
Calcium-sulfate
}
C04B 22/144
. . . . .
{
Phosphogypsum
}
C04B 22/145
. . . . .
{
Gypsum from the desulfuration of flue gases
}
C04B 22/146
. . . . .
{
other waste Ca-sulfate
}
C04B 22/147
. . . .
{
Alkali-metal sulfates; Ammonium sulfate
}
C04B 22/148
. . . .
{
Aluminium-sulfate
}
C04B 22/149
. . . .
{
Iron-sulfates
}
Collapse
C04B 22/16
. .
containing phosphorus in the anion, e.g. phosphates
C04B 22/165
. . .
{
Acids
}
Collapse
C04B 24/00
Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
NOTE
-
Groups C04B 24/003 to C04B 24/006 take precedence over groups C04B 24/008 to C04B 24/226

C04B 24/001
.
{
Waste organic materials
}
C04B 24/003
.
{
Phosphorus-containing compounds
}
C04B 24/005
.
{
Halogen-containing compounds
}
C04B 24/006
.
{
Boron-containing compounds
}
C04B 24/008
.
{
Aldehydes, ketones
}
Collapse
C04B 24/02
.
Alcohols ; Phenols ; Ethers
C04B 24/023
. .
{
Ethers
}
C04B 24/026
. .
{
Fatty alcohols
}
Collapse
C04B 24/04
.
Carboxylic acids ; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
C04B 24/045
. .
{
Esters, e.g. lactones
}
C04B 24/06
. .
containing hydroxy groups
Collapse
C04B 24/08
.
Fats ; Fatty oils ; Ester type waxes ; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group ; Oxidised oils or fats
C04B 24/085
. .
{
Higher fatty acids
}
C04B 24/10
.
Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
Collapse
C04B 24/12
.
Nitrogen containing compounds
{
organic derivatives of hydrazine ( hydrazine C04B 22/00 )
}
C04B 24/121
. .
{
Amines, polyamines
}
C04B 24/122
. .
{
Hydroxy amines
}
C04B 24/123
. .
{
Amino-carboxylic acids
}
C04B 24/124
. .
{
Amides
}
C04B 24/125
. .
{
Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double or triple bonds, e.g. imines
}
C04B 24/126
. .
{
Urea
}
C04B 24/127
. .
{
Nitro-compounds
}
C04B 24/128
. .
{
Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
}
C04B 24/129
. .
{
Compounds containing one or more nitrogen-to-nitrogen double bonds, e.g. azo-compounds
}
C04B 24/14
. .
Peptides ; Proteins ; Derivatives thereof
Collapse
C04B 24/16
.
Sulfur-containing compounds
Collapse
C04B 24/161
. .
{
Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups
}
Collapse
C04B 24/163
. . .
{
obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 24/165
. . . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
C04B 24/166
. . .
{
obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 24/168
. . .
{
Polysaccharide derivatives, e.g. starch sulfate
}
C04B 24/18
. .
Lignin sulfonic acid or derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfite lye
Collapse
C04B 24/20
. .
Sulfonated aromatic compounds
Collapse
C04B 24/22
. . .
Condensation
{
or polymerisation
}
 products thereof
NOTE
-
In this group the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
- "aldehydes" also covers other organic compounds reacting as aldehydes, e.g. glyoxylic acid

C04B 24/223
. . . .
{
Sulfonated melamine-formaldehyde condensation products
}
C04B 24/226
. . . .
{
Sulfonated naphtalene-formaldehyde condensation products
}
Collapse
C04B 24/24
.
Macromolecular compounds ( C04B 24/14 takes precedence; macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups C04B 24/16 )
Collapse
C04B 24/243
. .
{
Phosphorus-containing polymers
}
C04B 24/246
. . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
Collapse
C04B 24/26
. .
obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
{
( C04B 24/243 takes precedence )
}
C04B 24/2605
. . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
C04B 24/2611
. . .
{
Polyalkenes
}
C04B 24/2617
. . .
{
Coumarone polymers
}
Collapse
C04B 24/2623
. . .
{
Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
}
C04B 24/2629
. . . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
C04B 24/2635
. . .
{
Polyvinylacetals
}
Collapse
C04B 24/2641
. . .
{
Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
}
C04B 24/2647
. . . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
Collapse
C04B 24/2652
. . .
{
Nitrogen containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles
}
C04B 24/2658
. . . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
Collapse
C04B 24/2664
. . .
{
of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid polymers, e.g. maleic anhydride copolymers
}
C04B 24/267
. . . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
C04B 24/2676
. . .
{
Polystyrenes
}
C04B 24/2682
. . .
{
Halogen containing polymers, e.g. PVC
}
Collapse
C04B 24/2688
. . .
{
Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
}
C04B 24/2694
. . . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
Collapse
C04B 24/28
. .
obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
{
( C04B 24/243 takes precedence )
}
C04B 24/281
. . .
{
Polyepoxides
}
C04B 24/282
. . .
{
Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
}
Collapse
C04B 24/283
. . .
{
Polyesters
}
C04B 24/285
. . . .
{
Polylactides
}
C04B 24/286
. . .
{
Polycarbonates
}
C04B 24/287
. . .
{
Polyamides
}
C04B 24/288
. . .
{
Halogen containing polymers
}
Collapse
C04B 24/30
. . .
Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
NOTE
-
In this group the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
- "aldehydes" also covers other organic compounds reacting as aldehydes, e.g. glyoxylic acid

C04B 24/302
. . . .
{
Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 24/305
. . . .
{
Melamine-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 24/307
. . . .
{
Urea-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 24/32
. . .
Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether
C04B 24/34
. .
Natural resins, e.g. rosin
{
( C04B 24/243 takes precedence )
}
C04B 24/36
. .
Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
{
( C04B 24/243 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 24/38
. .
Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
{
( C04B 24/243 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 24/383
. . .
{
Cellulose or derivatives thereof
}
C04B 24/386
. . . .
{
containing polyether side chains
}
Collapse
C04B 24/40
.
Compounds containing silicon, titanium or zirconium
{
or other organo-metallic compounds; Organo-clays; Organo-inorganic complexes
}
C04B 24/405
. .
{
Organo-inorganic complexes
}
Collapse
C04B 24/42
. .
Organo-silicon compounds
C04B 24/425
. . .
{
Organo-modified inorganic compounds, e.g. organo-clays
}
Collapse
Guide Heading:
Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone ( artificial stone from molten slag C04B 5/00 )
Collapse
C04B 26/00
Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders,
{
e.g. polymer or resin concrete ( mechanical aspects moulding polymer or resin concrete B29C 67/242 )
}
C04B 26/003
.
{
Oil-based binders, e.g. containing linseed oil
}
C04B 26/006
.
{
Waste materials as binder
}
Collapse
C04B 26/02
.
Macromolecular compounds
C04B 26/023
. .
{
Organic ionomer cements
}
C04B 26/026
. .
{
Proteins or derivatives thereof
}
Collapse
C04B 26/04
. .
obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C04B 26/045
. . .
{
Polyalkenes
}
C04B 26/06
. . .
Acrylates
C04B 26/08
. . .
containing halogen
Collapse
C04B 26/10
. .
obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C04B 26/105
. . .
{
Furfuryl alcohol polymers, e.g. furan-polymers
}
Collapse
C04B 26/12
. . .
Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
NOTE
-
In this group the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
- "aldehydes" also covers other organic compounds reacting as aldehydes, e.g. glyoxylic acid

C04B 26/122
. . . .
{
Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 26/125
. . . .
{
Melamine-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 26/127
. . . .
{
Urea formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 26/14
. . .
Polyepoxides
C04B 26/16
. . .
Polyurethanes
C04B 26/18
. . .
Polyesters ; Polycarbonates
C04B 26/20
. . .
Polyamides
Collapse
C04B 26/22
. .
Natural resins, e.g. rosin
C04B 26/24
. . .
Cellulosic waste liquor, e.g. sulfite lye
C04B 26/26
. .
Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
{
C08L 95/00 takes precedence
}
Collapse
C04B 26/28
. .
Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
C04B 26/285
. . .
{
Cellulose or derivatives thereof, e.g. starch ( C04B 26/24 takes precedence )
}
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C04B 26/30
.
Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages;
{
Other silicon-containing organic compounds; Boron-organic compounds
}
C04B 26/32
. .
containing silicon
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C04B 28/00
Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
NOTE
-
While using Combination Sets in this main group, the presence of an organic binder is indicated with symbols chosen from group C04B 24/00 , and the presence of a supplementary inorganic binder with symbols chosen from groups C04B 7/00 to C04B 12/00

C04B 28/001
.
{
containing unburned clay ( polymer binder - clay mixtures used in well cementing C09K 8/44 )
}
C04B 28/003
.
{
containing hybrid binders other than those of the polycarboxylate type
}
C04B 28/005
.
{
containing gelatineous or gel forming binders, e.g. gelatineous Al(OH)3, sol-gel binders
}
Collapse
C04B 28/006
.
{
containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
}
C04B 28/008
. .
{
Mineral polymers other than those of the Davidovits type, e.g. from a reaction mixture containing waterglass
}
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C04B 28/02
.
containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
C04B 28/021
. .
{
Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ( fly ash as filler C04B 18/08 ) ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ( alkali-activated combustion residues as such C04B 7/243 ; mixtures of the lime-pozzuolane type C04B 28/18 ) ; Kiln dust cements
}
C04B 28/023
. .
{
Barium cements
}
C04B 28/025
. .
{
Belite cements
}
C04B 28/026
. .
{
Oil shale cements
}
C04B 28/028
. .
{
Alinite cements, i.e. "Nudelman"-type cements
}
C04B 28/04
. .
Portland cements
Collapse
C04B 28/06
. .
Aluminous cements ( monolithic refractories or refractory mortars C04B 35/66 )
C04B 28/065
. . .
{
Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
}
Collapse
C04B 28/08
. .
Slag cements
C04B 28/082
. . .
{
Steelmaking slags; Converter slags
}
C04B 28/085
. . .
{
Slags from the production of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
}
C04B 28/087
. . .
{
Phosphorus slags
}
Collapse
C04B 28/10
. .
Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
C04B 28/105
. . .
{
Magnesium oxide or magnesium carbonate cements
}
C04B 28/12
. . .
Hydraulic lime
Collapse
C04B 28/14
.
containing calcium sulfate cements
{
gypsum-paper plates E04C
}
C04B 28/141
. .
{
containing dihydrated gypsum before the final hardening step, e.g. forming a dihydrated gypsum product followed by a de- and rehydration step
}
Collapse
C04B 28/142
. .
{
containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
}
C04B 28/143
. . .
{
the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
}
C04B 28/144
. . .
{
the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
}
Collapse
C04B 28/145
. .
{
Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
}
C04B 28/146
. . .
{
alpha-hemihydrate
}
C04B 28/147
. . .
{
beta-hemihydrate
}
C04B 28/148
. .
{
containing calcium sulfate formed in situ, e.g. by the reaction of iron sulfate with lime
}
Collapse
C04B 28/16
. .
containing anhydrite,
{
e.g. Keene`s cement
}
C04B 28/165
. . .
{
containing synthetic anhydrite
}
Collapse
C04B 28/18
.
containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
C04B 28/182
. .
{
based on calcium silicate forming mixtures not containing lime or lime producing ingredients, e.g. waterglass based mixtures heated with a calcium salt
}
C04B 28/184
. .
{
based on an oxide other than lime
}
Collapse
C04B 28/186
. .
{
containing formed Ca-silicates before the final hardening step
}
C04B 28/188
. . .
{
the Ca-silicates being present in the starting mixture
}
C04B 28/20
. .
Sand-lime
WARNING
-
Group C04B 28/20 is not complete, see also C04B 28/18

Collapse
C04B 28/22
. .
Lime and pozzuolanas
WARNING
-
Group C04B 28/22 and subgroup are not complete, see also C04B 28/18

C04B 28/225
. . .
{
artificial pozzuolanas
}
Collapse
C04B 28/24
.
containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates ; containing silica sols
{
( reaction mixtures resulting in mineral polymers C04B 28/006 ; polymeric reaction products of alkali metal silicates with isocyanates C08G 18/3895 )
}
C04B 28/26
. .
Silicates of the alkali metals
C04B 28/28
.
containing organic polyacids, e.g. polycarboxylate cements,
{
i.e. ionomeric systems
}
Collapse
C04B 28/30
.
containing magnesium cements
{
or similar cements
}
 ( magnesium oxide cements C04B 28/10 )
C04B 28/32
. .
Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
Collapse
C04B 28/34
.
containing cold phosphate binders
NOTE
-
While using Combination Sets in this main group, the presence of a reactive or reacted oxide is indicated with symbols chosen from C04B 14/06 and C04B 14/30 (and subgroups), except for boron oxide ( C04B 22/0013 ) and oxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals, with the exception of magnesium ( C04B 22/062 and C04B 22/064 ), e.g. a composition containing a mixture of phosphoric acid, AlCr phosphate and magnesium oxide will be classified in C04B 28/346 and will be indexed with codes C04B 14/303 , C04B 14/304 and C04B 14/30 L. "Phosphates" includes monobasic and dibasic phosphates

C04B 28/342
. .
{
the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition as a mixture of free acid and one or more reactive oxides
}
C04B 28/344
. .
{
the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition solely as one or more phosphates
}
Collapse
C04B 28/346
. .
{
the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition as a mixture of free acid and one or more phosphates
}
C04B 28/348
. . .
{
the starting mixture also containing one or more reactive oxides
}
Collapse
C04B 28/36
.
containing sulfur, sulfides or selenium
C04B 28/365
. .
{
containing sulfides or selenium
}
Collapse
C04B 30/00
Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
C04B 30/02
.
containing fibrous materials
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C04B 32/00
Artificial stone not provided for in other groups of this subclass
C04B 32/005
.
{
Artificial stone obtained by melting at least part of the composition, e.g. metal ( C04B 28/36 and C03C take precedence ) ( cast stone from molten slag C04B 5/00 ; artificial stone obtained by melting the polymeric ingredient of the composition C04B 26/00 )
}
C04B 32/02
.
with reinforcements
{
( contains no documents; reinforcing elements E04C 5/00 )
}
NOTE
-
This group is only used for indexing purposes

Collapse
Guide Heading:
Ceramics
Collapse
C04B 33/00
Clay-wares ( monolithic refractories or refractory mortars C04B 35/66 ; porous products C04B 38/00 )
NOTE
-
In groups C04B 33/00 to C04B 33/36 , from 01-10-2008 onwards, the indexing codes of groups C04B 2235/00 to C04B 2235/9646 are used (with the exception of C04B 2235/34 H, C04B 2235/602 N, C04B 2235/604 and C04B 2235/9661 ) to identify aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures and sintered ceramic products

Collapse
C04B 33/02
.
Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
C04B 33/025
. .
{
Mixtures of materials with different sizes
}
Collapse
C04B 33/04
. .
clay ; kaolin
Collapse
C04B 33/06
. . .
Rendering lime harmless
C04B 33/08
. . . .
Preventing efflorescence
C04B 33/10
. .
Eliminating iron or lime
Collapse
C04B 33/13
. .
Compounding ingredients ( C04B 33/36 , C04B 35/71 take precedence;
{
pigments for ceramics C09C 1/0009
}
 )
C04B 33/1305
. . .
{
Organic additives
}
C04B 33/131
. . .
{
Inorganic additives
}
C04B 33/1315
. . .
{
Non-ceramic binders
}
Collapse
C04B 33/132
. . .
Waste materials ; Refuse;
{
Residues
}
 ( C04B 33/16 takes presedence;
{
waste glass C04B 33/13
}
 )
Collapse
C04B 33/1321
. . . .
{
Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds ( slurries of specific well-defined waste streams, e.g. phosphate muds, other than red mud, C04B 33/132 )
}
C04B 33/1322
. . . . .
{
Red mud
}
C04B 33/1324
. . . .
{
Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
}
Collapse
C04B 33/1325
. . . .
{
Hazardous waste other than combustion residues ( dredging sludge C04B 33/1321 )
}
C04B 33/1327
. . . . .
{
containing heavy metals
}
C04B 33/1328
. . . .
{
without additional clay
}
Collapse
C04B 33/135
. . . .
Combustion residues, e.g fly ash, incineration waste
{
( silica fume C04B 33/132 )
}
C04B 33/1352
. . . . .
{
Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
}
Collapse
C04B 33/1355
. . . . .
{
Incineration residues
}
C04B 33/1357
. . . . . .
{
Sewage sludge ash or slag
}
C04B 33/138
. . . .
from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
C04B 33/14
. . .
Colouring matters
C04B 33/16
. . .
Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz
C04B 33/18
. . .
for liquefying the batches
C04B 33/20
. .
for dry-pressing ( C04B 33/13 takes precedence )
C04B 33/22
.
Grog products
Collapse
C04B 33/24
.
Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
C04B 33/26
. .
of porcelain for electrical insulation
C04B 33/28
.
Slip casting ( mechanical features B28B 1/26 )
C04B 33/30
.
Drying methods
Collapse
C04B 33/32
.
Burning methods
C04B 33/323
. .
{
involving melting, fusion or softening
}
C04B 33/326
. .
{
under pressure
}
C04B 33/34
. .
combined with glazing
C04B 33/36
.
Reinforced clay-wares
Collapse
C04B 35/00
Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition
{
( porous ceramic products C04B 38/00 ; ceramic articles characterised by particular shape, see the relevant classes, e.g. linings for casting ladles, tundishes, cups or the like B22D 41/02 ; ceramic substrates for microelectronic semi-conductors H01L 23/15 )
}
 ; Ceramics compositions <explanation>containing free metal bonded to carbides, diamond, oxides, borides, nitrides, silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides or sulfides other than as macroscopic reinforcing agents C22C;
{
shaping of ceramics B28B
}
 </explanation> ; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
{
( Chemical preparation of powders of inorganic compounds C01; infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal C04B 41/51 )
}
NOTE
-
In this group, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, compositions are classified according to the constituent present in the highest proportion by weight.

In this group, magnesium is considered as an alkaline earth metal.

In this group, a composite is considered as a sintered material containing more than one phase, where the secondary phases are not resulting from sintering aids

In this group, fine ceramics are considered as products having a polycrystalline, fine-grained microstructure, e.g. of dimensions below 100 micrometers.

The production of ceramic powder is classified in this group in so far as it relates to the preparation of powder with specific characteristics.

In groups C04B 35/00 to C04B 35/83 , from 01-01-2005 onwards, the indexing codes of groups C04B 2235/00 to C04B 2235/9692 are used to identify aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures and sintered ceramic products


WARNING
-
Attention is drawn to WARNINGS 3 and 4 after subclass title

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C04B 35/01
.
based on oxide ceramics
C04B 35/013
. .
{
containing carbon ( C04B 35/103 takes precedence )
}
C04B 35/016
. .
{
based on manganites
}
Collapse
C04B 35/03
. .
based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
Collapse
C04B 35/04
. . .
based on magnesium oxide
Collapse
C04B 35/043
. . . .
Refractories from grain sized mixtures
C04B 35/0435
. . . . .
{
containing refractory metal compounds other than chromium oxide or chrome ore
}
Collapse
C04B 35/047
. . . . .
containing chromium oxide or chrome ore
C04B 35/0473
. . . . . .
{
obtained from fused grains
}
C04B 35/0476
. . . . . .
{
obtained from prereacted sintered grains ( "simultaneous sinter" )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/05
. . . .
Refractories by fusion casting
C04B 35/051
. . . . .
{
containing chromium oxide or chrome ore
}
C04B 35/053
. . . .
Fine ceramics
C04B 35/057
. . .
based on calcium oxide
C04B 35/06
. . .
based on oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
C04B 35/08
. .
based on beryllium oxide
Collapse
C04B 35/10
. .
based on aluminium oxide
Collapse
C04B 35/101
. . .
Refractories from grain sized mixtures
C04B 35/1015
. . . .
{
containing refractory metal compounds other than those covered by C04B 35/103 to C04B 35/106
}
C04B 35/103
. . . .
containing non-oxide refractory materials, e.g. carbon ( C04B 35/106 takes precedence )
C04B 35/105
. . . .
containing chromium oxide or chrome ore
C04B 35/106
. . . .
containing zirconium oxide or zircon (ZrSiO4)
Collapse
C04B 35/107
. . .
Refractories by fusion casting
C04B 35/109
. . . .
containing zirconium oxide or zircon (ZrSiO4)
Collapse
C04B 35/111
. . .
Fine ceramics
C04B 35/1115
. . . .
{
Minute sintered entities, e.g. sintered abrasive grains or shaped particles such as platelets ( abrasives C09K 3/14 )
}
C04B 35/113
. . . .
based on beta-aluminium oxide
C04B 35/115
. . . .
Translucent or transparant products
Collapse
C04B 35/117
. . . .
Composites
C04B 35/119
. . . . .
with zirconium oxide
C04B 35/12
. .
based on chromium oxide ( C04B 35/047 and C04B 35/105 take precedence )
C04B 35/14
. .
based on silica
Collapse
C04B 35/16
. .
based on silicates other than clay
{
( zircon C04B 35/48 )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/18
. . .
rich in aluminium oxide
C04B 35/185
. . . .
Mullite
{
3Al2O3-2SiO2
}
C04B 35/19
. . . .
Alkali metal aluminosilicates, e.g. spodumene
C04B 35/195
. . . .
Alkaline earth aluminosilicates, e.g. cordierite
{
or anorthite
}
C04B 35/20
. . .
rich in magnesium oxide,
{
e.g. forsterite ( C04B 35/195 takes precedence )
}
C04B 35/22
. . .
rich in calcium oxide,
{
e.g. wollastonite ( C04B 35/195 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/26
. .
based on ferrites
Collapse
C04B 35/2608
. . .
{
Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising manganese, zinc, nickel, copper or cobalt and one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead
}
C04B 35/2616
. . . .
{
containing lithium
}
C04B 35/2625
. . . .
{
containing magnesium
}
C04B 35/2633
. . . .
{
containing barium, strontium or calcium
}
C04B 35/2641
. . .
{
Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals and one or more ferrites of the group comprising alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead
}
C04B 35/265
. . .
{
Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising manganese or zinc and one or more ferrites of the group comprising nickel, copper or cobalt
}
C04B 35/2658
. . .
{
Other ferrites containing manganese or zinc, e.g. Mn-Zn ferrites
}
C04B 35/2666
. . .
{
Other ferrites containing nickel, copper or cobalt
}
C04B 35/2675
. . .
{
Other ferrites containing rare earth metals, e.g. rare earth ferrite garnets
}
C04B 35/2683
. . .
{
Other ferrites containing alkaline earth metals or lead
}
C04B 35/2691
. . .
{
Other ferrites containing alkaline metals
}
C04B 35/42
. .
based on chromites ( C04B 35/047 and C04B 35/105 take precedence )
Collapse
C04B 35/44
. .
based on aluminates
C04B 35/443
. . .
Magnesium aluminate spinel
C04B 35/447
. .
based on phosphates,
{
e.g. hydroxyapatite
}
Collapse
C04B 35/45
. .
based on copper oxide or solid solutions thereof with other oxides
NOTE
-
In groups C04B 35/4504 to C04B 35/4525 an invention is classified in the last appropriate place

Collapse
C04B 35/4504
. . .
{
containing rare earth oxides
}
C04B 35/4508
. . . .
{
Type 1-2-3
}
Collapse
C04B 35/4512
. . .
{
containing thallium oxide
}
C04B 35/4517
. . . .
{
also containing lead oxide
}
Collapse
C04B 35/4521
. . .
{
containing bismuth oxide
}
C04B 35/4525
. . . .
{
also containing lead oxide
}
Collapse
C04B 35/453
. .
based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
C04B 35/457
. . .
based on tin oxides or stannates
Collapse
C04B 35/46
. .
based on titanium oxide or titanates ( containing also zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates or hafnates C04B 35/49 )
Collapse
C04B 35/462
. . .
based on titanates
Collapse
C04B 35/465
. . . .
based on alkaline earth metal titanates
Collapse
C04B 35/468
. . . . .
based on barium titanates
Collapse
C04B 35/4682
. . . . . .
{
based on BaTiO3 perofskite phase
}
C04B 35/4684
. . . . . . .
{
containing lead compounds ( C04B 35/472 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/4686
. . . . . .
{
based on phases other than BaTiO3 perofskite phase
}
C04B 35/4688
. . . . . . .
{
containing lead compounds ( C04B 35/472 takes precedence )
}
C04B 35/47
. . . . .
based on strontium titanates
C04B 35/472
. . . .
based on lead titanates
C04B 35/475
. . . .
based on bismuth titanates
C04B 35/478
. . . .
based on aluminium titanates
Collapse
C04B 35/48
. .
based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates,
{
zircon
}
 or hafnates
C04B 35/481
. . .
{
containing silicon, e.g. zircon
}
C04B 35/482
. . .
Refractories from grain sized mixtures
C04B 35/484
. . .
Refractories by fusion casting
Collapse
C04B 35/486
. . .
Fine ceramics
Collapse
C04B 35/488
. . . .
Composites
C04B 35/4885
. . . . .
{
with aluminium oxide
}
Collapse
C04B 35/49
. . .
containing also titanium oxides or titanates
Collapse
C04B 35/491
. . . .
based on lead zirconates and lead titanates,
{
e.g. PZT
}
C04B 35/493
. . . . .
containing also other lead compounds
Collapse
C04B 35/495
. .
based on vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum or tungsten oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. vanadates, niobates, tantalates, molybdates or tungstates
Collapse
C04B 35/497
. . .
based on solid solutions with lead oxides
C04B 35/499
. . . .
containing also titanates
Collapse
C04B 35/50
.
based on rare-earth compounds
{
( non-oxide rare earth compounds C04B 35/5156 )
}
C04B 35/505
. .
based on yttrium oxide
C04B 35/51
.
based on compounds of actinides (
{
non-oxide actinide compounds C04B 35/5158
}
 ; nuclear fuel materials G21C 3/62 )
Collapse
C04B 35/515
.
based on non-oxide ceramics
C04B 35/5152
. .
{
based on halogenides other than fluorides
}
C04B 35/5154
. .
{
based on phosphides
}
C04B 35/5156
. .
{
based on rare earth compounds
}
C04B 35/5158
. .
{
based on actinide compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 35/52
. .
based on carbon, e.g. graphite
C04B 35/521
. . .
{
obtained by impregnation of carbon products with a carbonisable material
}
C04B 35/522
. . .
{
Graphite ( C04B 35/536 takes precedence )
}
C04B 35/524
. . .
obtained from polymer precursors, e.g. glass-like carbon material
Collapse
C04B 35/528
. . .
obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components
C04B 35/532
. . . .
containing a carbonisable binder
C04B 35/536
. . .
based on expanded graphite
{
or complexed graphite
}
C04B 35/547
. .
based on sulfides or selenides
{
or tellurides
}
C04B 35/553
. .
based on fluorides
Collapse
C04B 35/56
. .
based on carbides
{
or oxycarbides ( containing free metal binder C22C 29/00 )
}
C04B 35/5603
. . .
{
with a well-defined oxygen content, e.g. oxycarbides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/5607
. . .
{
based on refractory metal carbides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/5611
. . . .
{
based on titanium carbides
}
C04B 35/5615
. . . . .
{
based on titanium silicon carbides
}
C04B 35/5618
. . . . .
{
based on titanium aluminium carbides
}
C04B 35/5622
. . . .
{
based on zirconium or hafnium carbides
}
C04B 35/5626
. . . .
{
based on tungsten carbides
}
C04B 35/563
. . .
based on boron carbide
Collapse
C04B 35/565
. . .
based on silicon carbide
C04B 35/571
. . . .
obtained from
{
Si-containing
}
 polymer precursors
{
or organosilicon monomers
}
C04B 35/573
. . . .
obtained by reaction sintering
{
or recrystallisation
}
Collapse
C04B 35/575
. . . .
obtained by pressure sintering
C04B 35/5755
. . . . .
{
obtained by gas pressure sintering
}
Collapse
C04B 35/58
. .
based on borides, nitrides, [i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides] or silicides
{
( containing free binder metal C22C 29/00 )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/58007
. . .
{
based on refractory metal nitrides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/58014
. . . .
{
based on titanium nitrides, e.g. TiAlON
}
C04B 35/58021
. . . . .
{
based on titanium carbonitrides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/58028
. . . .
{
based on zirconium or hafnium nitrides
}
C04B 35/58035
. . . . .
{
based on zirconium or hafnium carbonitrides
}
C04B 35/58042
. . .
{
based on iron group metals nitrides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/5805
. . .
{
based on borides
}
C04B 35/58057
. . . .
{
based on magnesium boride, e.g. MgB2
}
Collapse
C04B 35/58064
. . . .
{
based on refractory borides
}
C04B 35/58071
. . . . .
{
based on titanium borides
}
C04B 35/58078
. . . . .
{
based on zirconium or hafnium borides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/58085
. . .
{
based on silicides
}
C04B 35/58092
. . . .
{
based on refractory metal silicides
}
C04B 35/581
. . .
based on aluminium nitride
Collapse
C04B 35/583
. . .
based on boron nitride
C04B 35/5831
. . . .
based on cubic boron nitrides
{
or Wurtzitic boron nitrides, including crystal structure transformation of powder
}
Collapse
C04B 35/584
. . .
based on silicon nitride
C04B 35/587
. . . .
Fine ceramics
C04B 35/589
. . . .
obtained from
{
Si-containing
}
 polymer precursors
{
or organosilicon monomers
}
C04B 35/591
. . . .
obtained by reaction sintering
Collapse
C04B 35/593
. . . .
obtained by pressure sintering
C04B 35/5935
. . . . .
{
obtained by gas pressure sintering
}
C04B 35/597
. . .
based on silicon oxynitride,
{
e.g. SIALONS
}
Collapse
C04B 35/622
.
Forming processes ; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
NOTE
-
In groups C04B 35/622 and subgroups indexing codes are given for aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment or to heat treatments of green bodies. The codes are chosen from C04B 2235/60 to C04B 2235/66 P

Collapse
C04B 35/62204
. .
{
using waste materials or refuse ( clay-wares containing waste materials C04B 33/132 )
}
C04B 35/62209
. . .
{
using woody material, remaining in the ceramic products ( to obtain porous material by burning out C04B 38/06 )
}
C04B 35/62213
. . .
{
using rice material, e.g. bran or hulls or husks
}
C04B 35/62218
. .
{
obtaining ceramic films, e.g. by using temporary supports
}
C04B 35/62222
. .
{
obtaining ceramic coatings ( coating of mortars, concrete, artificial or natural stone or ceramics C04B 41/45 ; laminated ceramic products B32B 18/00 ; coating metallic materials C23; coating of glass C03C 17/00 , applying ceramic coatings on silicon for semi-conductor purposes H01L )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62227
. .
{
obtaining fibres
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62231
. . .
{
based on oxide ceramics
}
C04B 35/62236
. . . .
{
Fibres based on aluminium oxide
}
Collapse
C04B 35/6224
. . . .
{
Fibres based on silica
}
C04B 35/62245
. . . . .
{
rich in aluminium oxide
}
C04B 35/6225
. . . .
{
Fibres based on zirconium oxide, e.g. zirconates such as PZT
}
 [0807]
C04B 35/62254
. . . .
{
Fibres based on copper oxide
}
C04B 35/62259
. . . .
{
Fibres based on titanium oxide
}
C04B 35/62263
. . . .
{
Fibres based on magnesium oxide
}
C04B 35/62268
. . . .
{
Fibres based on metal phosphorus oxides, e.g. phosphates
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62272
. . .
{
based on non-oxide ceramics ( carbon nanotubes C01B 31/0206 ; carbon fibers D01F 9/12 )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62277
. . . .
{
Fibres based on carbides
}
C04B 35/62281
. . . . .
{
based on silicon carbide ( C04B 35/571 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62286
. . . .
{
Fibres based on nitrides
}
C04B 35/6229
. . . . .
{
based on boron nitride
}
C04B 35/62295
. . . . .
{
based on silicon nitride ( C04B 35/589 takes precedence )
}
C04B 35/624
. .
Sol-gel processing
Collapse
C04B 35/626
. .
Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches
{
( pigments for ceramics C09C 1/0009 ) ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
}
WARNING
-
Groups C04B 35/62605 to C04B 35/62695 are not complete, see also other subgroups of C04B 35/00 , e.g. C04B 35/626

Collapse
C04B 35/62605
. . .
{
Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
}
Collapse
C04B 35/6261
. . . .
{
Milling
}
C04B 35/62615
. . . . .
{
High energy or reactive ball milling
}
C04B 35/6262
. . . . .
{
of calcined, sintered clinker or ceramics
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62625
. . . .
{
Wet mixtures
}
C04B 35/6263
. . . . .
{
characterised by their solids loadings, i.e. the percentage of solids
}
C04B 35/62635
. . . . .
{
Mixing details
}
C04B 35/6264
. . . . .
{
Mixing media, e.g. organic solvents
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62645
. . . .
{
Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
}
C04B 35/6265
. . . . .
{
involving reduction or oxidation
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62655
. . . . .
{
Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying
}
C04B 35/6266
. . . . . .
{
Humidity controlled drying
}
C04B 35/62665
. . . . .
{
Flame, plasma or melting treatment
}
C04B 35/6267
. . . . .
{
Pyrolysis, carbonisation or auto-combustion reactions
}
C04B 35/62675
. . . . .
{
characterised by the treatment temperature
}
C04B 35/6268
. . . . .
{
characterised by the applied pressure or type of atmosphere, e.g. in vacuum, hydrogen or a specific oxygen pressure
}
C04B 35/62685
. . . .
{
characterised by the order of addition of constituents or additives
}
C04B 35/6269
. . . .
{
Curing of mixtures
}
C04B 35/62695
. . . .
{
Granulation or pelletising ( devices for shaping artificial aggregates from ceramic mixtures B28B 1/004 )
}
Collapse
C04B 35/628
. . .
Coating the powders
{
or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62802
. . . .
{
Powder coating materials
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62805
. . . . .
{
Oxide ceramics
}
C04B 35/62807
. . . . . .
{
Silica or silicates
}
C04B 35/6281
. . . . . .
{
Alkaline earth metal oxides
}
C04B 35/62813
. . . . . .
{
Alumina or aluminates
}
C04B 35/62815
. . . . . .
{
Rare earth metal oxides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62818
. . . . . .
{
Refractory metal oxides
}
C04B 35/62821
. . . . . . .
{
Titanium oxide
}
C04B 35/62823
. . . . . . .
{
Zirconium or hafnium oxide
}
C04B 35/62826
. . . . . .
{
Iron group metal oxides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62828
. . . . .
{
Non-oxide ceramics
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62831
. . . . . .
{
Carbides
}
C04B 35/62834
. . . . . . .
{
Silicon carbide
}
C04B 35/62836
. . . . . .
{
Nitrides
}
C04B 35/62839
. . . . . .
{
Carbon
}
C04B 35/62842
. . . . .
{
Metals
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62844
. . . .
{
Coating fibres
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62847
. . . . .
{
with oxide ceramics
}
C04B 35/62849
. . . . . .
{
Silica or silicates
}
C04B 35/62852
. . . . . .
{
Alumina or aluminates
}
C04B 35/62855
. . . . . .
{
Refractory metal oxides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62857
. . . . .
{
with non-oxide ceramics
}
Collapse
C04B 35/6286
. . . . . .
{
Carbides
}
C04B 35/62863
. . . . . . .
{
Silicon carbide
}
Collapse
C04B 35/62865
. . . . . .
{
Nitrides
}
C04B 35/62868
. . . . . . .
{
Boron nitride
}
C04B 35/62871
. . . . . . .
{
Silicon nitride
}
C04B 35/62873
. . . . . .
{
Carbon
}
C04B 35/62876
. . . . .
{
with metals
}
C04B 35/62878
. . . . .
{
with boron or silicon
}
C04B 35/62881
. . . . .
{
with metal salts, e.g. phosphates
}
C04B 35/62884
. . . .
{
by gas phase techniques
}
C04B 35/62886
. . . .
{
by wet chemical techniques
}
C04B 35/62889
. . . .
{
with a discontinuous coating layer
}
C04B 35/62892
. . . .
{
with a coating layer consisting of particles
}
C04B 35/62894
. . . .
{
with more than one coating layer
}
C04B 35/62897
. . . .
{
Coatings characterised by their thickness
}
Collapse
C04B 35/63
. . .
using additives specially adapted for forming the products,
{
e.g.. binder binders
}
Collapse
C04B 35/6303
. . . .
{
Inorganic additives
}
Collapse
C04B 35/6306
. . . . .
{
Binders based on phosphoric acids or phosphates
}
C04B 35/6309
. . . . . .
{
Aluminium phosphates
}
C04B 35/6313
. . . . . .
{
Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal phosphates
}
C04B 35/6316
. . . . .
{
Binders based on silicon compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 35/632
. . . .
Organic additives
C04B 35/6325
. . . . .
{
based on organo-metallic compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 35/634
. . . . .
Polymers ( C04B 35/636 takes precedence )
Collapse
C04B 35/63404
. . . . . .
{
obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 35/63408
. . . . . . .
{
Polyalkenes
}
C04B 35/63412
. . . . . . .
{
Coumarone polymers
}
C04B 35/63416
. . . . . . .
{
Polyvinylalcohols (PVA); Polyvinylacetates
}
C04B 35/6342
. . . . . . .
{
Polyvinylacetals, e.g. polyvinylbutyral (PVB)
}
C04B 35/63424
. . . . . . .
{
Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
}
C04B 35/63428
. . . . . . .
{
of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride polymers, e.g. maleic anhydride copolymers
}
C04B 35/63432
. . . . . . .
{
Polystyrenes
}
C04B 35/63436
. . . . . . .
{
Halogen-containing polymers, e.g. PVC
}
C04B 35/6344
. . . . . . .
{
Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
}
C04B 35/63444
. . . . . . .
{
Nitrogen-containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylenimine (PEI)
}
Collapse
C04B 35/63448
. . . . . .
{
obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 35/63452
. . . . . . .
{
Polyepoxides
}
C04B 35/63456
. . . . . . .
{
Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
}
C04B 35/6346
. . . . . . .
{
Polyesters
}
C04B 35/63464
. . . . . . .
{
Polycarbonates
}
C04B 35/63468
. . . . . . .
{
Polyamides
}
Collapse
C04B 35/63472
. . . . . . .
{
Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
}
NOTE
-
In this group the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
- "aldehydes" also covers other organic compounds reacting as aldehydes, e.g. glyoxylic acid

C04B 35/63476
. . . . . . . .
{
Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 35/6348
. . . . . . . .
{
Melamine-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 35/63484
. . . . . . . .
{
Urea-formaldehyde condensation polymers
}
C04B 35/63488
. . . . . . .
{
Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethylene oxide (PEO)
}
C04B 35/63492
. . . . . .
{
Natural resins, e.g. rosin
}
C04B 35/63496
. . . . . .
{
Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
}
Collapse
C04B 35/636
. . . . .
Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
C04B 35/6365
. . . . . .
{
Cellulose or derivatives thereof
}
C04B 35/638
. . . .
Removal thereof
Collapse
C04B 35/64
. .
Burning or sintering processes ( C04B 33/32 takes precedence;
{
powder metallurgy B22F
}
 )
Collapse
C04B 35/645
. . .
Pressure sintering
C04B 35/6455
. . . .
{
Hot isostatic pressing
}
Collapse
C04B 35/65
. . .
Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
{
( C04B 35/573 , C04B 35/591 take precedence )
}
C04B 35/651
. . . .
{
Thermite type sintering, e.g. combustion sintering
}
C04B 35/652
. . . .
{
Directional oxidation or solidification, e.g. Lanxide process
}
Collapse
C04B 35/653
. .
Processes involving a melting step
C04B 35/657
. . .
for manufacturing refractories ( C04B 35/05 , C04B 35/107 , C04B 35/484 take precedence )
C04B 35/66
.
Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
{
( making or repairing of linings F27D 1/16 )
}
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C04B 35/71
.
Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents ( C04B 35/66 takes precedence;
{
infiltration of a porous ceramic matrix with a material forming a non-ceramic phase C04B 41/00 , reaction infiltration with Si in order to form SiC C04B 35/573 , in order to form Si3N4 C04B 35/591
}
 )
NOTE
-
In groups C04B 35/71 to C04B 35/83 the composition of the ceramic products is also classifed in groups C04B 35/01 to C04B 35/597

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C04B 35/74
. .
containing shaped metallic materials
C04B 35/76
. . .
Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
Collapse
C04B 35/78
. .
containing non-metallic materials
Collapse
C04B 35/80
. . .
Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
{
( carbon reinforced with carbon fibres see C04B 35/83 )
}
C04B 35/803
. . . .
{
The matrix of the ceramic products consisting of oxides only
}
C04B 35/806
. . . .
{
The matrix of the ceramic products consisting of non-oxides only
}
C04B 35/82
. . . .
Asbestos ; Glass ; Fused silica
C04B 35/83
. . . .
Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
NOTE
-
The products covered by this group are usually referred to as "carbon-carbon composites".

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C04B 37/00
Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating ( laminated products B32B, E04C;
{
soldering and welding materials B23K 35/24
}
 )
NOTE
-
In groups C04B 37/00 to C04B 37/04 , from 01-10-2008 onwards, features relating to interlayers, additional compositional information or further processing are indexed with codes chosen from C04B 2237/00 to C04B 2237/70 R

WARNING
-
Groups C04B 37/005 , C04B 37/006 , C04B 37/025 and C04B 37/026 are no longer used for classification as from September 1, 2008. Aspects relating to interlayers are from that date indexed by codes chosen from C04B 2237/02 to C04B 2237/16

C04B 37/001
.
{
directly with other burned ceramic articles
}
Collapse
C04B 37/003
.
{
by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
}
C04B 37/005
. .
{
consisting of glass or ceramic material
}
C04B 37/006
. .
{
consisting of metals or metal salts
}
C04B 37/008
.
{
by means of an interlayer consisting of an organic adhesive, e.g. phenol resin or pitch
}
Collapse
C04B 37/02
.
with metallic articles
C04B 37/021
. .
{
in a direct manner, e.g. direct copper bonding (DCB)
}
Collapse
C04B 37/023
. .
{
characterised by the interlayer used ( C04B 37/028 takes precedence )
}
C04B 37/025
. . .
{
consisting of glass or ceramic material
}
C04B 37/026
. . .
{
consisting of metals or metal salts
}
C04B 37/028
. .
{
by means of an interlayer consisting of an organic adhesive, e.g. phenol resin or pitch
}
Collapse
C04B 37/04
.
with articles made from glass
WARNING
-
N0812]
Groups C04B 37/04 B, C04B 37/045 and C04B 37/047 are not complete, see also C04B 37/04

C04B 37/042
. .
{
in a direct manner
}
C04B 37/045
. .
{
characterised by the interlayer used ( C04B 37/047 takes precedence )
}
C04B 37/047
. .
{
by means of an interlayer consisting of an organic adhesive, e.g. phenol resin or pitch
}
Collapse
C04B 38/00
Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware ; Preparation thereof ( treating slag with gases or gas generating material C04B 5/06 ;
{
expanded graphite C04B 35/536
}
 )
NOTE
-
Porous materials based on fibres, i.e. materials where the porosity is due to the spaces between the fibres, are not classified in this maingroup, but in one or more of the other relevant maingroups of this subclass, e.g. in C04B 30/02

C04B 38/0003
.
{
containing continuous channels, e.g. of the "dead-end" type or obtained by pushing bars in the green ceramic product ( B28B takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0006
.
{
Honeycomb structures ( from one or more corrugated sheets by winding or stocking C04B 38/0083 )
}
C04B 38/0009
. .
{
characterised by features relating to the cell walls, e.g. wall thickness or distribution of pores in the walls
}
C04B 38/0012
. .
{
characterised by the material used for sealing or plugging ( some of ) the channels of the honeycombs
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0016
. .
{
assembled from subunits
}
C04B 38/0019
. . .
{
characterised by the material used for joining separate subunits
}
{
Note: When classifying in group C04B 38/0019 , classification is also made in C04B 28/00 or C04B 37/00 to give detailed information about the composition of the joining material
}
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C04B 38/0022
.
{
obtained by a chemical conversion or reaction other than those relating to the setting or hardening of cement-like material or to the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. by carbonising or pyrolysing preformed cellular materials based on polymers, organo-metallic or organo-silicon precursors
}
C04B 38/0025
. .
{
starting from inorganic materials only, e.g. metal foam; Lanxide type products
}
C04B 38/0029
. .
{
Porous deposits from the gas phase, e.g. on a temporary support
}
C04B 38/0032
. .
{
one of the precursor materials being a monolithic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a paper sheet which after carbonisation will react with silicon to form a porous silicon carbide porous body
}
C04B 38/0035
. .
{
by evaporation induced self-assembly
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0038
.
{
by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter
}
C04B 38/0041
. .
{
the particulate matter having preselected particle sizes
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0045
.
{
by a process involving the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. sol-gel or precipitation processes
}
C04B 38/0048
. .
{
Precipitation processes
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0051
.
{
characterised by the pore size, pore shape or kind of porosity
}
C04B 38/0054
. .
{
the pores being micro-sized or nano-sized
}
C04B 38/0058
. .
{
open porosity
}
C04B 38/0061
. .
{
closed porosity
}
C04B 38/0064
. .
{
Multimodal pore size distribution
}
C04B 38/0067
.
{
characterised by the density of the end product
}
NOTE
-
This group is mainly used for classification using Combination Sets in C04B 38/00

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C04B 38/007
.
{
characterised by the pore distribution, e.g. inhomogeneous distribution of pores
}
NOTE
-
This group is mainly used for classification using Combination Sets in C04B 38/00

C04B 38/0074
. .
{
expressed as porosity percentage
}
C04B 38/0077
. .
{
Materials with a non-porous skin
}
Collapse
C04B 38/008
.
{
Bodies obtained by assembling separate elements having such a configuration that the final product is porous or by spirally winding one or more corrugated sheets
}
C04B 38/0083
. .
{
from one or more corrugated sheets or sheets bearing protrusions by winding or stacking
}
C04B 38/0087
.
{
by generating pores in the ceramic material while in the molten state
}
C04B 38/009
.
{
Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. micro-balloons ( C04B 18/027 , C04B 20/002 take precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0093
.
{
Other features
}
C04B 38/0096
. .
{
Pores with coated inner walls
}
Collapse
C04B 38/02
.
by adding chemical blowing agents
C04B 38/025
. .
{
generated by microorganisms
}
Collapse
C04B 38/04
.
by dissolving-out added substances
C04B 38/045
. .
{
the dissolved-out substance being a monolitic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a prepreg obtained by bonding together dissolvable particles ( C04B 38/0022 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 38/06
.
by burning-out added substances
{
by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
}
NOTE
-
Documents in which the characteristic feature is the choice of meltable or sublimable material or the physical aspects of the porous body obtained are classified accordingly, and symbols C04B 38/0605 or C04B 38/061 are allocated in Combination Sets.

C04B 38/0605
. .
{
by sublimating
}
C04B 38/061
. .
{
by melting out
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0615
. .
{
the burned-out substance being a monolitic element having approximately the same dimensions as the final article, e.g. a porous polyurethane sheet or a prepreg obtained by bonding together resin particles ( C04B 38/0022 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 38/062
. . .
{
the burned-out substance being formed in situ, e.g. by polymerisation of a prepolymer composition containing ceramic powder
}
C04B 38/0625
. . . .
{
involving a foaming step of the burnable material
}
Collapse
C04B 38/063
. .
{
Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0635
. . .
{
Compounding ingredients ( C04B 38/0615 takes precedence )
}
C04B 38/064
. . . .
{
Natural expanding materials, e.g. clay
}
Collapse
C04B 38/0645
. . . .
{
Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
}
Collapse
C04B 38/065
. . . . .
{
characterised by physical aspects, e.g. shape, size or porosity
}
NOTE
-
Documents having this group as classification symbol or as part of a Combination Set can also get symbol C04B 38/0051 in the Combination Set, if the importance of the size of the pores obtained is emphasized.

C04B 38/0655
. . . . . .
{
Porous materials ( C04B 38/0625 takes precedence )
}
C04B 38/066
. . . . .
{
characterised by distribution, e.g. for obtaining inhomogeneous distribution of pores
}
NOTE
-
Documents having this group as classification symbol or as part of a Combination Set can also get symbol C04B 38/007 in the Combination Set, if the importance of the distribution of the pores is emphasized.

C04B 38/0665
. . . . .
{
Waste material; Refuse other than vegetable refuse
}
C04B 38/067
. . . . .
{
Macromolecular compounds ( C04B 38/062 takes precedence; polysaccharides C04B 38/0645 )
}
C04B 38/0675
. . . . .
{
Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
}
C04B 38/068
. . . . .
{
Carbonaceous materials, e.g. coal, carbon, graphite, hydrocarbons
}
C04B 38/0685
. . . . .
{
Minerals containing carbon, e.g. oil shale
}
C04B 38/069
. . . .
{
Other materials, e.g. catalysts ( C04B 33/13 , C04B 35/00 take precedence )
}
C04B 38/0695
. .
{
Physical aspects of the porous material obtained
}
Collapse
C04B 38/08
.
by adding porous substances
C04B 38/085
. .
{
of micro or nano size
}
Collapse
C04B 38/10
.
by using foaming agents ( C04B 38/02 takes precedence )
{
or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
}
C04B 38/103
. .
{
the foaming being obtained by the introduction of a gas other than untreated air, e.g. nitrogen
}
C04B 38/106
. .
{
by adding preformed foams
}
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C04B 40/00
Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability ( active ingredients C04B 22/00 to C04B 24/00 ; hardening of a well-defined composition C04B 26/00 to C04B 28/00 ; making porous, cellular or lightening C04B 38/00 ; mechanical aspects B28 , e.g. conditioning the materials prior to shaping B28B 17/02 )
Collapse
C04B 40/0003
.
{
making use of electric or wave energy or particle radiation
}
C04B 40/0007
. .
{
Electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
}
Collapse
C04B 40/001
. .
{
Electromagnetic waves
}
C04B 40/0014
. . .
{
Microwaves
}
C04B 40/0017
. . .
{
Irradiation, i.e. gamma -, X -, UV rays
}
C04B 40/0021
. .
{
Sonic or ultrasonic waves, e.g. to initiate sonochemical reactions
}
C04B 40/0025
.
{
obtaining colloidal mortar
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0028
.
{
Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
}
C04B 40/0032
. .
{
Controlling the process of mixing, e.g. adding ingredients in a quantity depending on a measured or desired value ( B28C 7/00 takes precedence )
}
C04B 40/0035
. .
{
Processes characterised by the absence of a mechanical mixing step, e.g. "no-mix" processes
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0039
. .
{
Premixtures of ingredients
}
C04B 40/0042
. . .
{
Powdery mixtures
}
C04B 40/0046
. . .
{
characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
}
Collapse
C04B 40/005
. .
{
High shear mixing; Obtaining macro-defect free materials
}
C04B 40/0053
. . .
{
Obtaining macro-defect free materials otherwise than by high shear mixing
}
C04B 40/0057
. .
{
Energetic mixing ( C04B 40/005 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 40/006
. .
{
involving the elimination of excess water from the mixture
}
C04B 40/0064
. . .
{
Processes of the Magnini or Hatscheck type
}
C04B 40/0067
.
{
making use of vibrations
}
C04B 40/0071
.
{
making use of a rise in pressure
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0075
.
{
making use of a decrease in temperature
}
C04B 40/0078
. .
{
by freezing
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0082
.
{
making use of a rise in temperature, e.g. caused by an exothermic reaction
}
C04B 40/0085
. .
{
involving melting of at least part of the composition
}
C04B 40/0089
.
{
making use of vacuum or reduced pressure
}
C04B 40/0092
.
{
Temporary binders, mortars or concrete, i.e. materials intended to be destroyed or removed after hardening, e.g. by acid dissolution
}
C04B 40/0096
.
{
Provisions for indicating condition of the compositions or the final products, e.g. degree of homogeneous mixing, degree of wear
}
Collapse
C04B 40/02
.
Selection of the hardening environment
NOTE
-
In this group the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
- "hardening" covers also setting, pre-curing and curing

Collapse
C04B 40/0204
. .
{
making use of electric or wave energy or particle radiation
}
C04B 40/0209
. . .
{
Electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0213
. . .
{
Electromagnetic waves
}
C04B 40/0218
. . . .
{
Microwaves
}
C04B 40/0222
. . . .
{
Irradiation, i.e. gamma -, X -, UV rays
}
C04B 40/0227
. . .
{
Sonic or ultrasonic waves
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0231
. .
{
Carbon dioxide hardening
}
C04B 40/0236
. . .
{
Carbon dioxide post-treatment of already hardened material
}
Collapse
C04B 40/024
. .
{
Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
}
C04B 40/0245
. . .
{
including a pre-curing step not involving a steam or autoclave treatment
}
C04B 40/025
. .
{
Adiabatic curing or hardening
}
C04B 40/0254
. .
{
Hardening in an enclosed space, e.g. in a flexible container
}
C04B 40/0259
. .
{
Hardening promoted by a rise in pressure ( C04B 40/024 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0263
. .
{
Hardening promoted by a rise in temperature ( C04B 40/024 takes precedence )
}
C04B 40/0268
. . .
{
Heating up to sintering temperatures ( C04B 41/0072 takes precedence )
}
C04B 40/0272
. .
{
Hardening under vacuum or reduced pressure
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0277
. .
{
Hardening promoted by using additional water, e.g. by spraying water on the green concrete element ( steam hardening C04B 40/024 )
}
C04B 40/0281
. . .
{
Hardening in an atmosphere of increased relative humidity
}
C04B 40/0286
. . .
{
Hardening under water
}
C04B 40/029
. . .
{
using an aqueous solution or dispersion
}
C04B 40/0295
. .
{
Inhomogeneous curing or hardening, e.g. accelerated curing of surface regions of a concrete article; Influencing the setting or hardening process ot generate physical or mechanical effects, e.g. to create cracks
}
C04B 40/04
.
Preventing evaporation of the mixing water ( permanent coverings C04B 41/00 )
Collapse
C04B 40/06
.
Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers;
{
Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
}
NOTE
-
Compositions with prolonged pot-life are not classified here.
They are classified as other compositions and the symbol C04B 2111/00086 is allocated in Combination Set.

Collapse
C04B 40/0608
. .
{
Dry ready-made mixtures, e.g. mortars at which only water or a water solution has to be added before use
}
C04B 40/0616
. . .
{
preformed, e.g. bandages
}
C04B 40/0625
. .
{
Wet ready-made mixtures, e.g. mortars in water- or airtight packages, or mortars containing an accelerator in a breakable emulsion
}
C04B 40/0633
. .
{
Chemical separation of ingredients, e.g. slowly soluble activator
}
Collapse
C04B 40/0641
. .
{
Mechanical separation of ingredients, e.g. accelerator in breakable microcapsules
}
C04B 40/065
. . .
{
Two or more component mortars
}
C04B 40/0658
. .
{
Retarder inhibited mortars activated by the addition of accelerators or retarder-neutralising agents
}
C04B 40/0666
. .
{
Chemical plugs based on hydraulic hardening materials
}
C04B 40/0675
. .
{
Mortars activated by rain, percolating or sucked-up water; Self-healing mortars or concrete
}
C04B 40/0683
. .
{
inhibiting by freezing or cooling
}
C04B 40/0691
. .
{
Thermally activated mortars, e.g. by melting ingredients
}
NOTE
-
In group C04B 41/00 , the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
- "mortars", "concrete" and "artificial stone" cover materials after primary shaping

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C04B 41/00
After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics ; Treatment of natural stone ( conditioning of the materials prior to shaping C04B 40/00 ; applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general B05; grinding or polishing B24; apparatus or processes for treating or working shaped articles of clay or other ceramic compositions, slag or mixtures containing cementitious material B28B 11/00 ; working stone or stone-like materials B28D; glazes, other than cold glazes, C03C 8/00 ; etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions C09K 13/00 )
NOTE
-
In this group, multiple classification is made according to the following rules:
when the substrate to be treated is of the artificial stone type, e.g. concrete, classification is made in the range C04B 41/00 to C04B 41/5392 as well as in the range C04B 41/60 to C04B 41/72

when the substrate to be treated is of the ceramic type, classification is made in the range C04B 41/00 to C04B 41/5392 as well as in the range C04B 41/80 to C04B 41/91

when the substrate to be treated is a-specific, classification is made only in the range C04B 41/00 to C04B 41/5392


In groups C04B 41/0018 to C04B 41/53 , in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place.

Treating, e.g. coating or impregnating, a material with the same material or with a substance which ultimately is transformed into the same material is not considered after-treatment for this group but is classified as preparation of the material, e.g. a carbon body impregnated with a carbonisable substance is classified in C04B 35/52 .

In groups C04B 41/00 to C04B 41/53 , it is desirable to add the indexing codes relating to the nature of the substrate being treated. The indexing codes, which are chosen from groups C04B 26/00 to C04B 38/00 should be unlinked.

In groups C04B 41/00 to C04B 41/53 , it is desirable to add the indexing codes relating to aspects of the coating composition or to the method of application. The indexing codes, which are chosen from groups C04B 41/00 to C04B 41/5392 should be unlinked.

Attention is drawn to internal Note (2) following the title of subclass C04B.


C04B 41/0009
.
{
Demolition agents based on cementitous or like materials
}
NOTE
-
Products classified in group C04B 41/0009 should also be classified according to their composition, e.g. in C04B 28/00

C04B 41/0018
.
{
Coating or impregnating "in situ", e.g. impregnating of artificial stone by subsequent melting of a compound added to the artificial stone composition
}
C04B 41/0027
.
{
Ion-implantation, ion-irradiation or ion-injection
}
C04B 41/0036
.
{
Laser treatment ( working by laser beam B23K 26/00 )
}
C04B 41/0045
.
{
Irradiation; Radiation, e.g. with UV or IR ( C04B 41/0036 takes precedence )
}
C04B 41/0054
.
{
Plasma-treatment, e.g. with gas-discharge plasma
}
C04B 41/0063
.
{
Cooling, e.g. freezing
}
NOTE
-
In this group the term "cooling" is used in the sense of an additional cooling treatment, different from the traditional cooling step in the fabrication of materials involving a heating step, such as sintering of ceramics

Collapse
C04B 41/0072
.
{
Heat treatment
}
C04B 41/0081
. .
{
characterised by the subsequent cooling step
}
C04B 41/009
.
{
characterised by the material treated
}
Collapse
C04B 41/45
.
Coating or impregnating ( paints C09D ) ,
{
e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements ( ion-implantation C04B 41/0027 )
}
NOTE
-
In group C04B 41/45 and sub-groups, as a general rule, classification is made according to the end products, rather than according to the starting materials, in the coating or impregnating compositions.

In groups C04B 41/45 to C04B 41/528 the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
- "coating" covers material applied to the substrates as powdery material or applied from the gas or liquid phase, e.g. as a slurry; it only covers the use of preformed sheet-like elements in so far as the thickness of these sheets is small compared with the thickness of the substrate and so far as the resulting product is not exclusively one of the type classifiable in B32B

Collapse
C04B 41/4501
. .
{
with preformed sheet-like elements
}
C04B 41/4503
. . .
{
having an adhesive layer
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4505
. .
{
characterised by the method of application
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4507
. . .
{
using keying elements, e.g. particulate material, to facilitate the adherence of coating layers
}
C04B 41/4509
. . . .
{
The keying element being generated from identations made in the substrate
}
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C04B 41/4511
. . .
{
using temporarily supports, e.g. decalcomania transfers or mould surfaces
}
C04B 41/4513
. . . .
{
the temporary support- and coating material being mixed together, e.g. tile glazing paper sheets
}
C04B 41/4515
. . .
{
application under vacuum or reduced pressure
}
C04B 41/4517
. . .
{
application under inert, e.g. non-oxidising, atmosphere
}
C04B 41/4519
. . .
{
application under an other specific atmosphere
}
C04B 41/4521
. . .
{
application under increased pressure
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4523
. . .
{
applied from the molten state ( vitreous materials C04B 41/5022 ) ; Thermal spraying, e.g. plasma spraying
}
NOTE
-
Coating or impregnating with a specific material in the molten state is classified according to the specific material and get symbol C04B 41/4523 in Combination Sets

C04B 41/4525
. . . .
{
using a molten bath as vehicle, e.g. molten borax
}
C04B 41/4527
. . . .
{
Plasma spraying ( deposition from the gas phase using plasma C04B 41/4533 )
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4529
. . .
{
applied from the gas phase
}
NOTE
-
Coating or impregnating with a specific material from the gas phase is classified according to the specific material and symbol C04B 41/4529 is allocated in Combination Sets

C04B 41/4531
. . . .
{
by C.V.D.
}
C04B 41/4533
. . . .
{
plasma assisted
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4535
. . .
{
applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension
}
NOTE
-
Coating or impregnation with a solution or a suspension of a specific material is classified according to the specific material and symbol C04B 41/4535 is allocated in Combination Sets

C04B 41/4537
. . . .
{
by the sol-gel process
}
C04B 41/4539
. . . .
{
as a emulsion, dispersion or suspension
}
C04B 41/4541
. . . .
{
Electroless plating
}
C04B 41/4543
. . . .
{
by spraying, e.g. by atomising
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4545
. . .
{
applied as a powdery material
}
NOTE
-
Coating or impregnation with a specific powdery material is classified according to the specific material and symbols C04B 41/4545 to C04B 41/4549 are allocated in Combination Sets

Collapse
C04B 41/4547
. . . .
{
characterised by the grain distribution
}
C04B 41/4549
. . . . .
{
Nanometer-sized particles
}
Collapse
C04B 41/455
. . .
{
the coating or impregnating process including a chemical conversion or reaction
}
C04B 41/4552
. . . .
{
the end product being obtained by a multistep reaction or conversion
}
C04B 41/4554
. . . .
{
the coating or impregnating material being an organic or organo-metallic precursor of an inorganic material
}
C04B 41/4556
. . . .
{
coating or impregnating with a product reacting with the substrate, e.g. generating a metal coating by surface reduction of a ceramic substrate
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4558
. . . .
{
Coating or impregnating involving the chemical conversion of an already applied layer, e.g. obtaining an oxide layer by oxidising an applied metal layer
}
C04B 41/456
. . . . .
{
the conversion only taking place under certain conditions, e.g. avoiding damage of underlaying layers or parts of the substrate
}
C04B 41/4562
. . .
{
Photographic methods, e.g. making use of photo-sensitive materials
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4564
. . .
{
Electrolytic or electrophoretic processes, e.g. electrochemical re-alkalisation of reinforced concrete ( desalination C04B 41/53 )
}
C04B 41/4566
. . . .
{
Electrochemical re-alcalisation ( electrochemical desalination C04B 41/5369 ; cathodic protection C23F 13/02 )
}
C04B 41/4568
. . .
{
Electrostatic processes
}
C04B 41/457
. .
{
Non-superficial impregnation or infiltration of the substrate
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4572
. .
{
Partial coating or impregnation of the surface of the substrate
}
C04B 41/4574
. . .
{
Coating different parts of the substrate with different materials
}
C04B 41/4576
. . .
{
Inlaid coatings, i.e. resulting in a plane surface
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4578
. .
{
Coating or impregnating of green ceramics or unset concrete
}
C04B 41/458
. . .
{
involving a mixing step with the top layer of the substrate
}
C04B 41/4582
. .
{
Porous coatings, e.g. coating containing porous fillers
}
C04B 41/4584
. .
{
Coating or impregnating of particulate or fibrous ceramic material ( C04B 20/10 , C04B 35/628 take precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4586
. .
{
Non-chemical aspects relating to the substrate being coated or impregnated
}
C04B 41/4588
. . .
{
Superficial melting of the substrate before or during the coating or impregnating step
}
Collapse
C04B 41/459
. .
{
Temporary coatings or impregnations ( C04B 40/04 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4592
. . .
{
for masking purposes
}
C04B 41/4594
. . . .
{
in metallisation processes
}
C04B 41/4596
. .
{
with fibrous materials or whiskers
}
C04B 41/4598
. .
{
with waste materials
}
Collapse
C04B 41/46
. .
with organic materials
C04B 41/463
. . .
{
Organic solvents
}
C04B 41/466
. . .
{
Halogenated compounds, e.g. perfluor-compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 41/47
. . .
Oils, fats or waxes
{
natural resins
}
C04B 41/472
. . . .
{
Oils, e.g. linseed oil
}
Collapse
C04B 41/474
. . . .
{
Natural resins, e.g. rosin
}
C04B 41/476
. . . . .
{
Cellulosic waste liquor, e.g. sulfite lye
}
C04B 41/478
. . . .
{
Bitumen, asphalt, e.g. paraffin
}
Collapse
C04B 41/48
. . .
Macromolecular compounds
C04B 41/4803
. . . .
{
Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, or derivatives thereof
}
C04B 41/4807
. . . .
{
Proteins or derivatives thereof
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4811
. . . .
{
Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
}
NOTE
-
In this group the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
- "aldehydes" also covers other organic compounds reacting as aldehydes, e.g. glyoxylic acid

C04B 41/4815
. . . . .
{
Melamine-formaldehyde condensation products
}
C04B 41/4819
. . . . .
{
Urea-formaldehyde condensation products
}
C04B 41/4823
. . . .
{
Phenol-formaldehyde condensation products
}
C04B 41/4826
. . . .
{
Polyesters
}
Collapse
C04B 41/483
. . . .
{
Polyacrylates
}
C04B 41/4834
. . . . .
{
Polyacrylamides
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4838
. . . .
{
Halogenated polymers
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4842
. . . . .
{
Fluorine-containing polymers
}
C04B 41/4846
. . . . . .
{
Perfluoro-compounds
}
C04B 41/4849
. . . .
{
Sulfur-containing polymers
}
C04B 41/4853
. . . .
{
Epoxides
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4857
. . . .
{
Other macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
}
C04B 41/4861
. . . . .
{
Polyalkenes
}
C04B 41/4865
. . . . .
{
Coumarone polymers
}
C04B 41/4869
. . . . .
{
Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylacetates
}
C04B 41/4873
. . . . .
{
Polyvinylacetals
}
C04B 41/4876
. . . . .
{
Polystyrene
}
Collapse
C04B 41/488
. . . .
{
Other macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
}
C04B 41/4884
. . . . .
{
Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
}
C04B 41/4888
. . . . .
{
Polycarbonates
}
C04B 41/4892
. . . . .
{
Polyamides
}
C04B 41/4896
. . . . .
{
Polyethers
}
Collapse
C04B 41/49
. . .
Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages
{
Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ( to obtain SiO2 C04B 41/5089 , C04B 41/5035 ) ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
}
NOTE
-
As distinct from the general practice in C04B 41/00 , classification in C04B 41/49 and sub-groups is done according to the nature of the starting products, not according to the nature of the end products

Collapse
C04B 41/4905
. . . .
{
containing silicon
}
C04B 41/4911
. . . . .
{
Organo-clay compounds
}
C04B 41/4916
. . . . .
{
applied to the substrate as a solventless liquid
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4922
. . . . .
{
applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane
}
C04B 41/4927
. . . . . .
{
Alkali metal or ammonium salts
}
C04B 41/4933
. . . . . .
{
containing halogens, i.e. organohalogen silanes
}
C04B 41/4938
. . . . . .
{
containing silicon bound to hydroxy groups, e.g. trimethyl silanol
}
C04B 41/4944
. . . . . .
{
containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, alkali metals or halogens, e.g. N-silyldisilazane:
Image
}
Collapse
C04B 41/495
. . . . .
{
applied to the substrate as oligomers or polymers
}
C04B 41/4955
. . . . . .
{
Polyorganosilanes, i.e. polymers with a Si-Si-Si- chain
}
Collapse
C04B 41/4961
. . . . . .
{
Polyorganosiloxanes, i.e. polymers with a Si-O-Si-O-chain; "silicones"
}
C04B 41/4966
. . . . . . .
{
containing silicon bound to hydroxy groups, i.e. OH-blocked polysiloxanes
}
C04B 41/4972
. . . . . . .
{
Alkali metal or ammonium salts
}
C04B 41/4977
. . . . . .
{
characterised by the number of silicon atoms
}
C04B 41/4983
. . . . . .
{
Polycarbosilanes, i.e. polymers with a -Si-C-Si-chain; Polysilazanes, i.e. polymers with a -Si-N-Si-chain; Polysilathianes, i.e. polymers with a -Si-S-Si-chain
}
C04B 41/4988
. . . . .
{
Organosilicium-organic copolymers, e.g. olefins with terminal silane groups
}
C04B 41/4994
. . . .
{
Organo-phosphorus compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 41/50
. .
with inorganic materials
Collapse
C04B 41/5001
. . .
{
with carbon or carbonisable materials
}
C04B 41/5002
. . . .
{
Diamond
}
C04B 41/5003
. . . .
{
Fullerenes or derivatives thereof
}
C04B 41/5005
. . . .
{
Carbon fluorides; Halogen containing carbon or graphite intercallation products
}
C04B 41/5006
. . .
{
Boron compounds
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5007
. . .
{
with salts or salty compositions, e.g. for salt glazing ( C04B 41/5006 takes precedence )
}
C04B 41/5009
. . . .
{
containing nitrogen in the anion, e.g. nitrites
}
C04B 41/501
. . . .
{
containing carbon in the anion, e.g. carbonates
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5011
. . . .
{
containing halogen in the anion
}
C04B 41/5012
. . . . .
{
chlorides
}
C04B 41/5014
. . . .
{
containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
}
C04B 41/5015
. . . .
{
containing phosphorus in the anion, e.g. phosphates
}
C04B 41/5016
. . .
{
Acids
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5018
. . .
{
with fluorine compounds
}
C04B 41/5019
. . . .
{
applied from the gas phase, e.g. ocratation
}
C04B 41/502
. . .
{
Water
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5022
. . .
{
with vitreous materials ( composition of vitreous glazes and enamels C03C ; ceramic pigments C09C 1/0009 )
}
NOTE
-
Glazing of concrete, natural or artificial stone or ceramics is only classified in C04B 41/5022 when non-compositional aspects are important, e.g. aspects relating to the method of application or the choice of the substrate

C04B 41/5023
. . . .
{
Glass-ceramics ( compositions of glass-ceramics C03C 10/00 )
}
C04B 41/5024
. . .
{
Silicates ( C04B 41/5022 takes precedence; silico-fluorides C04B 41/5018 )
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5025
. . .
{
with ceramic materials ( copper oxide or solid solutions thereof C04B 41/5074 )
}
NOTE
-
In this subgroup, the materials considered as ceramic materials are those covered by groups C04B 33/00 to C04B 35/83

Collapse
C04B 41/5027
. . . .
{
Oxide ceramics in general; Specific oxide ceramics not covered by C04B 41/5029 to C04B 41/5051
}
C04B 41/5028
. . . . .
{
Manganates
}
C04B 41/5029
. . . .
{
Magnesia
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5031
. . . .
{
Alumina
}
C04B 41/5032
. . . . .
{
Aluminates ( aluminate spinels C04B 41/5046 )
}
C04B 41/5033
. . . .
{
Chromium oxide
}
C04B 41/5035
. . . .
{
Silica
}
C04B 41/5036
. . . .
{
Ferrites
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5037
. . . .
{
Clay, Kaolin
}
C04B 41/5038
. . . . .
{
Porcelain
}
C04B 41/504
. . . . .
{
Engobes
}
C04B 41/5041
. . . .
{
Titanium oxide or titanates
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5042
. . . .
{
Zirconium oxides or zirconates; Hafnium oxides or hafnates
}
C04B 41/5044
. . . . .
{
Hafnates
}
C04B 41/5045
. . . .
{
Rare-earth oxides
}
C04B 41/5046
. . . .
{
Spinels, e.g. magnesium aluminate spinels
}
C04B 41/5048
. . . .
{
Phosphates
}
C04B 41/5049
. . . .
{
Zinc or bismuth oxides
}
C04B 41/505
. . . .
{
Tin oxide
}
C04B 41/5051
. . . .
{
Niobium oxides or niobates
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5053
. . .
{
non-oxide ceramics ( carbon or carbonisable materials C04B 41/5001 )
}
C04B 41/5054
. . . .
{
Sulfides or selenides
}
C04B 41/5055
. . . .
{
Fluorides
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5057
. . . .
{
Carbides
}
C04B 41/5058
. . . . .
{
Boron carbide
}
C04B 41/5059
. . . . .
{
Silicon carbide
}
C04B 41/5061
. . . . .
{
Titanium carbide
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5062
. . . .
{
Borides, Nitrides or Silicides
}
C04B 41/5063
. . . . .
{
Aluminium nitride
}
C04B 41/5064
. . . . .
{
Boron nitride
}
C04B 41/5066
. . . . .
{
Silicon nitride
}
C04B 41/5067
. . . . .
{
Silicon oxynitrides, e.g. SIALON
}
C04B 41/5068
. . . . .
{
Titanium nitride
}
C04B 41/507
. . . . .
{
Borides
}
C04B 41/5071
. . . . .
{
Silicides
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5072
. . .
{
with oxides or hydroxides not covered by C04B 41/5025 ( C04B 40/0236 takes precedence; boron oxide C04B 41/5006 )
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5074
. . . .
{
Copper oxide or solid solutions thereof ( CuO-Cu eutectic C04B 41/5127 )
}
C04B 41/5075
. . . . .
{
Copper oxide
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5076
. . .
{
with masses bonded by inorganic cements ( sulfur compositions C04B 41/5097 )
}
C04B 41/5077
. . . .
{
Geopolymer cements
}
C04B 41/5079
. . . .
{
Portland cements
}
Collapse
C04B 41/508
. . . .
{
Aluminous cements
}
C04B 41/5081
. . . . .
{
Calcium alumino sulfate cements
}
C04B 41/5083
. . . .
{
Slag cements
}
C04B 41/5084
. . . .
{
Lime, hydraulic lime or magnesium oxide cements
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5085
. . . .
{
Calcium sulfate cements
}
C04B 41/5087
. . . . .
{
Anhydrite
}
C04B 41/5088
. . . .
{
Cementitious compositions of the silica-lime type
}
C04B 41/5089
. . . .
{
Silica sols, alkyl, ammonium or alkali metal silicate cements
}
C04B 41/509
. . . .
{
Magnesium cements, e.g. Sorel cement
}
C04B 41/5092
. . . .
{
Phosphate cements
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5093
. . .
{
with elements other than metals or carbon ( treatment with fluorine gas C04B 41/5019 )
}
C04B 41/5094
. . . .
{
Boron
}
C04B 41/5096
. . . .
{
Silicon ( C04B 35/573 takes precedence )
}
C04B 41/5097
. . . .
{
Sulfur
}
C04B 41/5098
. . .
{
Cermets
}
Collapse
C04B 41/51
. . .
Metallising,
{
e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal ( covering materials with metals in general C23C ; ceramic compositions containing free metal bonded to carbides, diamond, oxides, borides, nitrides, silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides or sulfides, other than as macroscopic reinforcing agents C22C ; infiltration of preforms containing free metal, e.g. cermets C22C )
}
C04B 41/5105
. . . .
{
with a composition mainly composed of one or more of the noble metals or copper
}
C04B 41/5111
. . . .
{
Ag, Au, Pd, Pt or Cu
}
C04B 41/5116
. . . .
{
Ag or Au
}
C04B 41/5122
. . . .
{
Pd or Pt
}
C04B 41/5127
. . . .
{
Cu, e.g. Cu-CuO eutectic
}
C04B 41/5133
. . . .
{
with a composition mainly composed of one or more of the refractory metals
}
C04B 41/5138
. . . .
{
with a composition mainly composed of Mn and Mo, e.g. for the Moly-manganese method
}
C04B 41/5144
. . . .
{
with a composition mainly composed of one or more of the metals of the iron group
}
Collapse
C04B 41/515
. . . .
{
Other specific metals
}
C04B 41/5155
. . . . .
{
Aluminium
}
C04B 41/5161
. . . . .
{
Tin
}
C04B 41/5166
. . . . .
{
Lead
}
C04B 41/5172
. . . . .
{
Cadmium
}
C04B 41/5177
. . . .
{
characterised by the non-metallic part of the metallising composition
}
C04B 41/5183
. . . .
{
inorganic
}
C04B 41/5188
. . . .
{
organic
}
C04B 41/5194
. . . .
{
Metallisation of multilayered ceramics, e.g. for the fabrication of multilayer ceramic capacitors
}
Collapse
C04B 41/52
. .
Multiple coating or impregnating
{
multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
}
NOTE
-
Multiple coating or impregnation with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation and symbol C04B 41/52 is allocated in Combination Sets



Groups C04B 41/522 and C04B 41/524 are used for Combination Sets only of documents classified in C04B 41/52

C04B 41/522
. . .
{
Multiple coatings, for one of the coatings of which at least one alternative is described
}
C04B 41/524
. . .
{
Multiple coatings, comprising a coating layer of the same material as a previous coating layer
}
C04B 41/526
. . .
{
Multiple coating or impregnation with materials having the same composition but different characteristics
}
C04B 41/528
. . .
{
Applying layers containing opposite charged particles or materials in the successive layers
}
Collapse
C04B 41/53
.
involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article,
{
e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete ( C04B 41/0036 to C04B 41/0054 take precedence )
}
C04B 41/5307
. .
{
Removal of physically bonded water, e.g. drying of hardened concrete ( E04B 1/7007 takes precedence )
}
C04B 41/5315
. .
{
Cleaning compositions, e.g. for removing hardened cement from ceramic tiles
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5323
. .
{
to make grain visible, e.g. for obtaining exposed aggregate concrete
}
C04B 41/533
. . .
{
Seeding methods, i.e. the exposed aggregates, at least partially, not making part of the starting mixture
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5338
. .
{
Etching ( for obtaining decorative effects B44C 1/22 ; etching of specific electronic compounds, see the relevant places, e.g. etching of semiconductor bodies H01L 21/306 )
}
C04B 41/5346
. . .
{
Dry etching
}
C04B 41/5353
. . .
{
Wet etching, e.g. with etchants dissolved in organic solvents
}
C04B 41/5361
. . .
{
Etching with molten material
}
Collapse
C04B 41/5369
. .
{
Desalination, e.g. of reinforced concrete
}
C04B 41/5376
. . .
{
Electrochemical desalination ( electrochemical re-alkalisation C04B 41/4566 ; drying by electro-osmosis E04B 1/7007 )
}
C04B 41/5384
. .
{
by electrochemical methods ( electrochemical desalination C04B 41/5376 )
}
C04B 41/5392
. .
{
by burning ( C04B 38/06 takes precedence )
}
Collapse
C04B 41/60
.
of only artificial stone
Collapse
C04B 41/61
. .
Coating or impregnation
Collapse
C04B 41/62
. . .
with organic materials
C04B 41/63
. . . .
Macromolecular compounds
C04B 41/64
. . . .
Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal of carbon-to-silicon linkages
Collapse
C04B 41/65
. . .
with inorganic materials
C04B 41/66
. . . .
Fluorides, e.g. ocratation
C04B 41/67
. . . .
Phosphates
C04B 41/68
. . . .
Silicic acid ; Silicates
C04B 41/69
. . . .
Metals
Collapse
C04B 41/70
. . .
for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having diffferent compositions
C04B 41/71
. . . .
at least one coating being an organic material
C04B 41/72
. .
involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
Collapse
C04B 41/80
.
of only ceramics
Collapse
C04B 41/81
. .
Coating or impregnation
Collapse
C04B 41/82
. . .
with organic materials
C04B 41/83
. . . .
Macromolecular compounds
C04B 41/84
. . . .
Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal of carbon-to-silicon linkages
Collapse
C04B 41/85
. . .
with inorganic materials
C04B 41/86
. . . .
Glazes ; Cold glazes
C04B 41/87
. . . .
Ceramics
C04B 41/88
. . . .
Metals
Collapse
C04B 41/89
. . .
for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having diffferent compositions
C04B 41/90
. . . .
at least one coating being a metal
C04B 41/91
. .
involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
Collapse
C04B 2103/00
Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
Collapse
C04B 2103/0001
.
Living organisms, e.g. micro-organisms, or enzymes
C04B 2103/0002
. .
Seeds
C04B 2103/0003
.
Unintentionally added compounds, such as impurities in raw materials, e.g. alkali sulfates in construction grade cement
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C04B 2103/0004
.
Compounds chosen for the nature of their cations
C04B 2103/0005
. .
Organic ammonium compounds
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C04B 2103/0006
. .
Alkali metal or inorganic ammonium compounds
C04B 2103/0007
. . .
K
C04B 2103/0008
. . .
Li
C04B 2103/0009
. . .
Inorganic ammonium compounds
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C04B 2103/001
. .
Alkaline earth metal or Mg-compounds
C04B 2103/0011
. . .
Ba
C04B 2103/0012
. . .
Mg
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C04B 2103/0013
. .
Iron group metal compounds
C04B 2103/0014
. . .
Fe
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C04B 2103/0015
. .
Noble metal or copper compounds
C04B 2103/0016
. . .
Cu
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C04B 2103/0017
. .
Refractory metal compounds
C04B 2103/0018
. . .
Cr
C04B 2103/0019
. . .
Ti
C04B 2103/002
. .
Compounds of elements having a valency of 2
C04B 2103/0021
. .
Compounds of elements having a valency of 3
C04B 2103/0022
. .
Compounds of elements having a valency of 4
C04B 2103/0023
. .
Compounds of elements having a valency of 5
C04B 2103/0024
. .
Compounds of elements having a valency of 6
C04B 2103/0025
. .
Compounds of the transition metals
C04B 2103/0026
.
Compounds of unusual isotopes, e.g. heavy water
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C04B 2103/0027
.
Standardised cement types
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C04B 2103/0028
. .
according to API
C04B 2103/0029
. . .
Type A
C04B 2103/003
. . .
Type B
C04B 2103/0031
. . .
Type C
C04B 2103/0032
. . .
Type D
C04B 2103/0033
. . .
Type E
C04B 2103/0034
. . .
Type F
C04B 2103/0035
. . .
Type G
C04B 2103/0036
. . .
Type H
C04B 2103/0037
. . .
Type J
C04B 2103/0038
. . .
Type K
C04B 2103/0039
. .
according to ASTM
C04B 2103/004
. .
according to DIN
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C04B 2103/0041
.
Non-polymeric ingredients chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
C04B 2103/0042
. .
Amorphous materials
C04B 2103/0043
. .
Compounds chosen for their specific Moh`s hardness
C04B 2103/0044
. .
Compounds chosen for their abrasion resistance, e.g. determined according to the L.A. test
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C04B 2103/0045
.
Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
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C04B 2103/0046
. .
added as monomers or as oligomers
C04B 2103/0047
. . .
as a mixture of nonomers and prepolymers or oligomers
C04B 2103/0048
. . .
as oligomers
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C04B 2103/0049
. .
Water-swellable polymers
C04B 2103/005
. . .
Alkali-swellable polymers
C04B 2103/0051
. .
Water-absorbing polymers, hydrophilic polymers
C04B 2103/0052
. .
Hydrophobic polymers
C04B 2103/0053
. .
Water-soluble polymers
C04B 2103/0054
. .
Water dispersible polymers
C04B 2103/0055
. .
Water-insoluble polymers
C04B 2103/0056
. .
Thermohardening polymers
C04B 2103/0057
. .
added as redispersable powders
C04B 2103/0058
. .
Core-shell polymers
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C04B 2103/0059
. .
Graft (co-)polymers
C04B 2103/006
. . .
Comb polymers
C04B 2103/0061
. .
Block (co-)polymers
C04B 2103/0062
. .
Cross-linked polymers
C04B 2103/0063
. .
obtained by an unusual polymerisation process, e.g. by changing the molar ratio of the different monomers during the polymerisation process ( C04B 2103/0058 to C04B 2103/0061 take precedence )
C04B 2103/0064
. .
Polymers unstable in the presence of hydraulic binders, e.g. polymers flocculating in concrete mixtures
C04B 2103/0065
. .
Polymers characterised by their glass transition temperature (Tg)
C04B 2103/0066
. .
Film forming polymers
C04B 2103/0067
.
the ingredients being formed in situ by chemical reactions or conversion of one or more of the compounds of the composition
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C04B 2103/0068
.
Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B 2103/00
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C04B 2103/0069
. .
the ingredients being characterised by their physical state
C04B 2103/007
. . .
Supercritical fluids
C04B 2103/0071
. .
Phase-change materials, e.g. latent heat storage materials used in concrete compositions
C04B 2103/0072
. .
Biodegradable materials
C04B 2103/0073
. .
Self-degrading materials, e.g. materials undergoing a hydrolytic degradation in the course of time
C04B 2103/0074
. .
Anti-static agents
C04B 2103/0075
. .
Anti-dusting agents
C04B 2103/0076
. .
Deodorizing agents
C04B 2103/0077
. .
Packaging material remaining in the mixture after the mixing step, e.g. soluble bags containing active ingredients
C04B 2103/0078
. .
Sorbent materials
C04B 2103/0079
. .
Rheology influencing agents
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C04B 2103/008
. .
Flocking or deflocking agents
C04B 2103/0081
. . .
Deflocking agents
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C04B 2103/0082
. .
Segregation-preventing agents ; Sedimentation-preventing agents
C04B 2103/0083
. . .
Bleeding-preventing agents
C04B 2103/0084
. .
Polyelectrolytes
C04B 2103/0085
. .
Thixotropic agents
C04B 2103/0086
. .
Chelating or complexing agents
C04B 2103/0087
. .
Ion-exchanging agents
C04B 2103/0088
. .
Compounds chosen for their latent hydraulic characteristics, e.g. pozzuolanes
NOTE
-
Code C04B 2103/0088 is only used when the chemical nature of the latent hydraulic material is not specified, when no specific group in subclass C04B exists for defining the material or when it is chosen from an important number of alternatives.

C04B 2103/0089
. .
Agents for reducing heat of hydration
C04B 2103/009
. .
Anhydrous vehicles for hydraulic cement compositions
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C04B 2103/0091
. .
Organic co-binders for mineral binder compositions
C04B 2103/0092
. . .
for improving green strength
C04B 2103/0093
. .
Organic cosolvents
C04B 2103/0094
. .
Agents for altering or buffering the pH ; Ingredients characterised by their pH
C04B 2103/0095
. .
Oxidising agents
C04B 2103/0096
. .
Reducing agents
C04B 2103/0097
. .
Anion- and far-infrared-emitting materials
C04B 2103/0098
. .
Radioactive materials
C04B 2103/0099
.
Aspecific ingredients, i.e. high number of alternative specific compounds mentioned for the same function or property
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C04B 2103/10
.
Accelerators ; Activators
C04B 2103/105
. .
for reactions involving organo-silicon compounds
C04B 2103/12
. .
Set accelerators
C04B 2103/14
. .
Hardening accelerators
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C04B 2103/20
.
Retarders
C04B 2103/22
. .
Set retarders
C04B 2103/24
. .
Hardening retarders
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C04B 2103/30
.
Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
C04B 2103/302
. .
Water reducers
C04B 2103/304
. .
Air-entrainers
C04B 2103/306
. .
Fluidisers with reduced air-entraning effect
C04B 2103/308
. .
Slump-loss preventing agents
C04B 2103/32
. .
Superplasticisers
C04B 2103/34
. .
Flow improvers
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C04B 2103/40
.
Surface-active agents, dispersants
C04B 2103/402
. .
anionic
C04B 2103/404
. .
cationic
C04B 2103/406
. .
non-ionic
C04B 2103/408
. .
Dispersants
C04B 2103/42
.
Pore formers
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C04B 2103/44
.
Thickening, gelling or viscosity increasing agents
C04B 2103/445
. .
Gelling agents
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C04B 2103/46
.
Water-loss or fluid-loss reducers, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents, water retention agents
C04B 2103/465
. .
Water-sorbing agents, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents
C04B 2103/48
.
Foam stabilisers
C04B 2103/50
.
Defoamers, air detrainers
C04B 2103/52
.
Grinding aids ; Additives added during grinding
C04B 2103/54
.
Pigments ; Dyes
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C04B 2103/56
.
Opacifiers
C04B 2103/58
. .
Shrinkage reducing agents
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C04B 2103/60
.
Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
C04B 2103/601
. .
Agents for increasing frost resistance
C04B 2103/603
. .
Agents for controlling alkali-aggregate reactions
C04B 2103/605
. .
UV-stabilising agents
C04B 2103/606
. .
Agents for neutralising Ca(OH)2 liberated during cement hardening
C04B 2103/608
. .
Anti-oxidants
C04B 2103/61
. .
Corrosion inhibitors
C04B 2103/63
. .
Flame-proofing agents
C04B 2103/65
. .
Waterproofers or -repellents
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C04B 2103/67
. .
Biocides
C04B 2103/69
. . .
Fungicides
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C04B 2111/00
Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
C04B 2111/00008
.
Obtaining or using nano-technology related materials
C04B 2111/00017
.
Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
C04B 2111/00025
.
Aspects relating to the protection of the health, e.g. materials containing special additives to afford skin protection ( avoiding chromium eczema by using chromium VI-free or very low chromium VI-content materials C04B 2111/1081 )
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C04B 2111/00034
.
Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
C04B 2111/00043
. .
Anhydrous mixtures
NOTE
-
Code C04B 2111/00043 is only used in combination with groups C04B 26/00 to C04B 26/32 .

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C04B 2111/00051
. .
Mortar or concrete mixtures with an unusual low cement content, e.g. for foundations
C04B 2111/0006
. . .
for obtaining materials with the consistency of soil
C04B 2111/00068
. .
Mortar or concrete mixtures with an unusual water/cement ratio
C04B 2111/00077
. .
Partially hardened mortar or concrete mixtures
C04B 2111/00086
. .
Mixtures with prolonged pot-life
C04B 2111/00094
. .
Sag-resistant materials
C04B 2111/00103
. .
Self-compacting mixtures
C04B 2111/00112
. .
Mixtures characterised by specific pH values
C04B 2111/0012
. .
Thixotropic mixtures
C04B 2111/00129
. .
Extrudable mixtures
C04B 2111/00137
. .
Injection moldable mixtures
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C04B 2111/00146
. .
Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
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C04B 2111/00155
. . .
Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
C04B 2111/00163
. . . .
by the dry process
C04B 2111/00172
. . . .
by the wet process
C04B 2111/00181
. .
Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
C04B 2111/00189
. .
Compositions or ingredients of the compositions characterised by analysis-spectra, e.g. NMR
C04B 2111/00198
. .
Characterisation or quantities of the compositions or their ingredients expressed as mathematical formulae or equations
C04B 2111/00206
. .
Compositions defined by their elemental analysis
C04B 2111/00215
. .
Mortar or concrete mixtures defined by their oxide composition
C04B 2111/00224
. .
Green materials, e.g. porous green ceramic preforms
C04B 2111/00232
. .
Temporary foams
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C04B 2111/00241
.
Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B 2111/00
C04B 2111/0025
. .
Compositions or ingredients of the compositions characterised by the crystal structure
C04B 2111/00258
. .
Electromagnetic wave absorbing or shielding materials
C04B 2111/00267
. .
Materials permeable to vapours or gases
C04B 2111/00275
. .
Materials impermeable to vapours or gases
C04B 2111/00284
. .
Materials permeable to liquids
C04B 2111/00293
. .
Materials impermeable to liquids
C04B 2111/00301
. .
Non-porous materials, e.g. macro-defect free (MDF) products
C04B 2111/0031
. .
Heavy materials, e.g. concrete used as ballast material
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C04B 2111/00318
. .
Materials characterised by relatively small dimensions, e.g. small thickness
C04B 2111/00327
. . .
for obtaining micro-structures
C04B 2111/00336
. .
Materials with a smooth surface, e.g. obtained by using glass-surfaced moulds
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C04B 2111/00344
. .
Materials with friction-reduced moving parts, e.g. ceramics lubricated by impregnation with carbon
C04B 2111/00353
. . .
Sliding parts
C04B 2111/00362
. .
Friction materials, e.g. used as brake linings, anti-skid materials
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C04B 2111/0037
. .
Materials containing oriented fillers or elements
C04B 2111/00379
. . .
the oriented elements being fibres
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C04B 2111/00387
. .
Anisotropic materials
C04B 2111/00396
. . .
only the surface part being anisotropic
C04B 2111/00405
. .
Materials with a gradually increasing or decreasing concentration of ingredients or property from one layer to another
C04B 2111/00413
. .
Materials having an inhomogeneous concentration of ingredients or irregular properties in different layers
C04B 2111/00422
. .
Magnetic properties
C04B 2111/00431
.
Refractory materials
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C04B 2111/00439
.
Physico-chemical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B 2111/00
C04B 2111/00448
. .
Low heat cements
C04B 2111/00456
. .
Odorless cements
C04B 2111/00465
. .
Heat conducting materials
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C04B 2111/00474
.
Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B 2111/00
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C04B 2111/00482
. .
Coating or impregnation materials
C04B 2111/00491
. . .
Primers
C04B 2111/005
. . .
for frescos
C04B 2111/00508
. . .
Cement paints
C04B 2111/00517
. . .
for masonry
C04B 2111/00525
. . .
for metallic surfaces
C04B 2111/00534
. . .
for plastic surfaces, e.g. polyurethane foams
C04B 2111/00543
. . .
for wet surfaces
C04B 2111/00551
. . .
Refractory coatings, e.g. for tamping
C04B 2111/0056
. . .
for ship decks
C04B 2111/00568
. . .
Multiple coating with same or similar material
C04B 2111/00577
. . .
applied by spraying ( mixtures shapable by spraying C04B 2111/00155 )
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C04B 2111/00586
. .
Roofing materials
C04B 2111/00594
. . .
Concrete roof tiles
C04B 2111/00603
. .
Ceiling materials
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C04B 2111/00612
. .
as one or more layers of a layered structure
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C04B 2111/0062
. . .
Gypsum-paper board like materials
C04B 2111/00629
. . . .
the covering sheets being made of material other than paper
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C04B 2111/00637
. .
as glue or binder for uniting building or structural materials
C04B 2111/00646
. . .
Masonry mortars
C04B 2111/00655
. .
Profiles
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C04B 2111/00663
. .
as filling material for cavities or the like
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C04B 2111/00672
. . .
Pointing or jointing materials
C04B 2111/00681
. . . .
of the drying type
C04B 2111/00689
. . . .
of the setting type
C04B 2111/00698
. . .
for cavity walls
C04B 2111/00706
. . .
around pipelines or the like
C04B 2111/00715
. .
for fixing bolts or the like
C04B 2111/00724
. .
in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling ; in making tunnels or galleries
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C04B 2111/00732
. .
for soil stabilisation
C04B 2111/00741
. . .
Preventing erosion
C04B 2111/0075
. .
for road construction
C04B 2111/00758
. .
for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
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C04B 2111/00767
. .
for waste stabilisation purposes
C04B 2111/00775
. . .
the composition being used as waste barriers or the like, e.g. compositions used for waste disposal purposes only, but not containing the waste itself
C04B 2111/00784
. . .
for disposal only
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C04B 2111/00793
. .
as filters or diaphragms
C04B 2111/00801
. . .
Membranes ; Diaphragms
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C04B 2111/0081
. .
as catalysts or catalyst carriers
C04B 2111/00818
. . .
Enzyme carriers
C04B 2111/00827
. . .
Photocatalysts; ( Materials containing photocatalysts to avoid staining by air pollutants C04B 2111/2061 )
C04B 2111/00836
. .
for medical or dental applications
C04B 2111/00844
. .
for electronic applications
C04B 2111/00853
. .
in electrochemical cells or batteries, e.g. fuel cells
C04B 2111/00862
. .
for nuclear applications, e.g. ray-absorbing concrete
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C04B 2111/0087
. .
for metallurgical applications
C04B 2111/00879
. . .
Non-ferrous metallurgy
C04B 2111/00887
. . .
Ferrous metallurgy
C04B 2111/00896
. .
as prepregs
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C04B 2111/00905
. .
as preforms
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C04B 2111/00913
. . .
as ceramic preforms for the fabrication of metal matrix comp, e.g. cermets
C04B 2111/00922
. . . .
Preforms as such
C04B 2111/00931
. . . .
Coated or infiltrated preforms, e.g. with molten metal
C04B 2111/00939
. .
for the fabrication of moulds or cores
C04B 2111/00948
. .
for the fabrication of containers
C04B 2111/00956
. .
for making sculptures or artistic casts
C04B 2111/00965
. .
for household applications, e.g. use of materials as cooking ware
C04B 2111/00974
. .
for pyrotechnic applications, e.g. blasting
C04B 2111/00982
. .
as construction elements for space vehicles or aeroplanes
C04B 2111/00991
. .
for testing
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C04B 2111/10
.
Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
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C04B 2111/1006
. .
Absence of well-defined organic compounds
C04B 2111/1012
. . .
Organic solvents
C04B 2111/1018
. .
Gypsum free or very low gypsum content cement compositions
C04B 2111/1025
. .
Alkali-free or very low alkali-content materials
C04B 2111/1031
. .
Lime-free or very low lime-content materials
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C04B 2111/1037
. .
Cement free compositions, e.g. hydraulically hardening mixtures based on waste materials, not containing cement as such
C04B 2111/1043
. . .
Calciumaluminate-free refractories
C04B 2111/105
. .
Alumina-free or very low alumina-content materials
C04B 2111/1056
. .
Silica-free or very low silica-content materials
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C04B 2111/1062
. .
Halogen free or very low halogen-content materials
C04B 2111/1068
. . .
Halogens other than chlorine
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C04B 2111/1075
. .
Chromium-free or very low chromium-content materials
C04B 2111/1081
. . .
Chromium VI, e.g. for avoiding chromium eczema ( materials containing special additives for affording skin protection C04B 2111/00025 )
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C04B 2111/1087
. .
Carbon free or very low carbon content fly ashes ; Fly ashes treated to reduce their carbon content or the effect thereof
C04B 2111/1093
. . .
Reducing the effect of the carbon content, without removing the carbon
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C04B 2111/12
. .
Absence of mineral fibres, e.g. asbestos
C04B 2111/125
. . .
Mineral fibres other than asbestos
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C04B 2111/20
.
Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
C04B 2111/2007
. .
Avoiding unauthorised or unwanted use or treatment
C04B 2111/2015
. .
Sulfate resistance
C04B 2111/2023
. .
Resistance against alkali-aggregate reaction
C04B 2111/203
. .
Oil-proof or grease-repellant materials
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C04B 2111/2038
. .
Resistance against physical degradation
C04B 2111/2046
. . .
Shock-absorbing materials
C04B 2111/2053
. . .
Earthquake- or hurricane-resistant materials
C04B 2111/2061
. . .
Materials containing photocatalysts, e.g. TiO2, for avoiding staining by air pollutants or the like
C04B 2111/2069
. . .
Self cleaning materials, e.g. using lotus effect ( using photocatalysts C04B 2111/2061 )
C04B 2111/2076
. . .
Discolouring resistant materials ( self cleaning materials C04B 2111/2069 )
C04B 2111/2084
. .
Thermal shock resistance
C04B 2111/2092
. .
Resistance against biological degradation
C04B 2111/21
. .
Efflorescence resistance
C04B 2111/22
. .
Carbonation resistance
C04B 2111/23
. .
Acid resistance, e.g. against acid air or rain
C04B 2111/24
. .
Sea water resistance
C04B 2111/25
. .
Graffiti resistance ; Graffiti removing
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C04B 2111/26
. .
Corrosion of reinforcement resistance
C04B 2111/265
. . .
Cathodic protection of reinforced concrete structures
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C04B 2111/27
. .
Water resistance, e.g. waterproof or water-repellant materials
C04B 2111/275
. . .
Making materials water insoluble
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C04B 2111/28
. .
Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
C04B 2111/285
. . .
Intumescent materials
C04B 2111/29
. .
Frost-thaw resistance
C04B 2111/30
.
Nailable or sawable materials
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C04B 2111/32
.
Expansion-inhibited materials
C04B 2111/325
. .
the expansion being inhibited in one direction only
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C04B 2111/34
.
Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
C04B 2111/343
. .
Crack resistant materials
C04B 2111/346
. .
Materials exhibiting reduced plastic shrinkage cracking
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C04B 2111/40
.
Porous or lightweight materials
C04B 2111/42
. .
Floating materials
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C04B 2111/50
.
Flexible or elastic materials
NOTE
-
- "flexibility" means ability to bend without breaking;
- "elasticity" means property to resist and recover from
deformation produced by a force.

C04B 2111/503
. .
Elastic materials
C04B 2111/506
. .
Bendable material
C04B 2111/52
.
Sound-insulating materials
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C04B 2111/54
.
Substitutes for natural stone, artistic materials or the like
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C04B 2111/542
. .
Artificial natural stone
C04B 2111/545
. . .
Artificial marble
C04B 2111/547
. .
Imitating ancient compositions, e.g. mediaeval mortars ; Compositions specially designed for restauration of ancient buildings or building elements
C04B 2111/56
.
Compositions suited for fabrication of pipes, e.g. by centrifugal casting, or for coating concrete pipes
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C04B 2111/60
.
Flooring materials
C04B 2111/62
. .
Self-levelling compositions
C04B 2111/70
.
Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
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C04B 2111/72
.
Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
C04B 2111/723
. .
Repairing reinforced concrete
C04B 2111/726
. .
by chemical conversion of unwanted deposits, e.g. for the restauration of marble monuments
C04B 2111/74
.
Underwater applications
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C04B 2111/76
.
Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
C04B 2111/763
. .
High temperatures
C04B 2111/766
. .
Low temperatures, but above zero
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C04B 2111/80
.
Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
C04B 2111/802
. .
White cement
C04B 2111/805
. .
Transparent material
C04B 2111/807
. .
Luminescent or fluorescent materials
C04B 2111/82
. .
Coloured materials
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C04B 2111/90
.
Electrical properties
C04B 2111/905
. .
Anti-static materials
C04B 2111/92
. .
Electrically insulating materials
C04B 2111/94
. .
Electrically conducting materials
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C04B 2201/00
Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
NOTE
-
Indexing codes C04B 2201/05 to C04B 2201/30 are only to be used when the specific physical values are claimed or when they deviate considerably from the average usual values.

C04B 2201/05
.
Materials having an early high strength, e.g. allowing fast demoulding or formless casting
C04B 2201/10
.
for the viscosity
C04B 2201/20
.
for the density
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C04B 2201/30
.
for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
C04B 2201/32
. .
for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
C04B 2201/40
.
for gas flow through the material
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C04B 2201/50
.
for the mechanical strength
C04B 2201/52
. .
High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete (RPC)
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C04B 2235/00
Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
NOTE
-
In this group, magnesium is considered as an alkaline earth metal.

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C04B 2235/02
.
Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
NOTE
-
Indexing codes C04B 2235/02 to C04B 2235/5481 are to be used only if the aspect is not trivial or not standard, e.g. if water is used as a mixing medium for a powder, whereas normally an organic mixing medium is used or if not the standard alpha-alumina is used to make an alumina ceramic but gamma-alumina in stead.