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CPC
COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION
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H02J
CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY (for digital computers G06F 1/18; circuits or apparatus for the conversion of electric power, arrangements for control or regulation of such circuits or apparatus H02M; interrelated control of several motors, control of a prime-mover/generator combination H02P; control of high-frequency power H03L; additional use of power line or power network for transmission of information H04B)
NOTE
-
This subclass covers:

- ac or dc mains or distribution networks;
- circuit arrangements for battery supplies, including
charging or control thereof, or co-ordinated supply
from two or more sources of any kind;
- systems for supplying or distributing electric power
by electromagnetic waves.

This subclass does not cover:

- control of a single motor, generator or dynamo-electric
converter, of the types covered by subclass H01F or
H02K, which is covered by subclass H02P;
- control of a single motor or generator, of the types
covered by subclass H02N, which is covered by that
subclass.

WARNING
-
The following IPC groups are not used in the CPC scheme. Subject matter covered by these groups is classified in the following CPC groups :

H02J7/10 covered by H02J 7/0072


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H02J 1/00
Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
H02J 1/02
.
Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples (in converters H02M 1/14)
H02J 1/04
.
Constant-current supply systems
H02J 1/06
.
Two-wire systems
H02J 1/08
.
Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
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H02J 1/10
.
Parallel operation of dc sources (involving batteries H02J 7/34)
H02J 1/102
. .
{
being switching converters (H02J 1/108, H02J 1/12 take precedence)
}
H02J 1/108
. .
{
using diodes blocking reverse current flow (H02J 1/12 takes precedence)
}
H02J 1/12
. .
Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
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H02J 1/14
.
Balancing the load in a network (by batteries H02J 7/34)
H02J 1/16
. .
using dynamo-electric machines coupled to fly-wheels
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H02J 3/00
Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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H02J 3/005
.
{
Arrangements for selectively connecting the load to one among a plurality of power lines or power sources (for providing uninterruptable power supply H02J 9/00)
}
H02J 3/006
. .
{
for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
}
H02J 3/008
.
{
involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
}
H02J 3/01
.
Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples (in converters H02M 1/12)
H02J 3/02
.
using a single network for simultaneous distribution of power at different frequencies; using a single network for simultaneous distribution of ac power and of dc power
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H02J 3/04
.
for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
H02J 3/06
. .
Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
H02J 3/08
. .
Synchronising of networks
H02J 3/10
.
Constant-current supply systems
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H02J 3/12
.
for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
H02J 3/14
. .
by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
H02J 3/16
. .
by adjustment of reactive power
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H02J 3/18
.
Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating, or compensating reactive power in networks (for adjustment of voltage H02J 3/12; use of Petersen coils H02H 9/08)
Collapse
H02J 3/1807
. .
{
using series compensators
}
H02J 3/1814
. . .
{
wherein al least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. unified power flow controllers (UPFC)
}
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H02J 3/1821
. .
{
using shunt compensators (H02J 3/1807, H02J 3/1878 take precedence)
}
H02J 3/1828
. . .
{
with stepwise control, the possibility of switching in or out the entire compensating arrangement not being considered as stepwise control
}
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H02J 3/1835
. . .
{
with stepless control
}
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H02J 3/1842
. . . .
{
wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
}
H02J 3/185
. . . . .
{
wherein such reactive element is purely inductive, e.g. superconductive magnetic energy storage systems (SMES)
}
H02J 3/1857
. . . . .
{
wherein such bridge converter is a multilevel converter
}
H02J 3/1864
. . . .
{
wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
}
H02J 3/1871
. . .
{
Methods for planning installation of shunt reactive power compensators
}
H02J 3/1878
. .
{
using tap changing or phase shifting transformers
}
H02J 3/1885
. .
{
using rotating means, e.g. synchronous generators
}
H02J 3/1892
. .
{
the arrangements being an integral part of the load, e.g. a motor, or of its control circuit
}
H02J 3/20
. .
in long overhead lines
H02J 3/22
. .
in cables
H02J 3/24
.
Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks (by control effected upon a single generator H02P 9/00)
H02J 3/26
.
Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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H02J 3/28
.
Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
H02J 3/30
. .
using dynamo-electric machines coupled to fly-wheels
H02J 3/32
. .
using batteries with converting means
H02J 3/34
.
Arrangements for transfer of electric power between networks of substantially different frequency (frequency-convertors H02M)
H02J 3/36
.
Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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H02J 3/38
.
Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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H02J 3/381
. .
{
Dispersed generators
}
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H02J 3/382
. . .
{
the generators exploiting renewable energy
}
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H02J 3/383
. . . .
{
Solar energy, e.g. photovoltaic energy (generation of electric power by conversion of light H02S)
}
H02J 3/385
. . . . .
{
Maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources (inverter means associated with the PV module H02S40/32)
}
H02J 3/386
. . . .
{
Wind energy (wind motors F03D)
}
H02J 3/387
. . .
{
using fuel cells (fuel cells per se H01M 8/00)
}
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H02J 3/40
. .
Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
H02J 3/42
. . .
with automatic parallel connection when synchronisation is achieved
H02J 3/44
. . .
with means for ensuring correct phase sequence
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H02J 3/46
. .
Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
H02J 3/48
. . .
Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
H02J 3/50
. . .
Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
H02J 4/00
Circuit arrangements for mains of distribution networks not specified as ac or dc
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H02J 5/00
Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks (H02J 3/36 takes precedence)
H02J 5/005
.
{
with inductive power transfer (for charging H02J 7/025)
}
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H02J 7/00
Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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H02J 7/0003
.
{
with provision for charging different types of batteries
}
H02J 7/0004
. .
{
with data exchange between battery and charger(H02J 7/0011 takes precedence)
}
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H02J 7/0006
. .
{
using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors, capacitors (H02J 7/0011 takes precedence; identification by mechanical connections H02J 7/0045)
}
H02J 7/0008
. . .
{
in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current, temperature profile
}
H02J 7/0009
. . .
{
using switches, contacts or markings, e.g. optical, magnetic, barcode
}
H02J 7/0011
. .
{
with charge circuits contained within battery unit
}
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H02J 7/0013
.
{
for charging several batteries simultaneously or sequentially (H02J 7/1423 takes precedence)
}
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H02J 7/0014
. .
{
Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
}
H02J 7/0016
. . .
{
using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
}
H02J 7/0018
. . .
{
using separate charge circuits
}
H02J 7/0019
. . .
{
using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
}
H02J 7/0021
. .
{
Monitoring or indicating circuits (H02J 7/0026 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/0022
. .
{
Management of charging with batteries permanently connected to charge circuit (H02J 7/0014 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/0024
. .
{
Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
}
H02J 7/0026
. .
{
using safety or protection circuits, e.g. overcharge/discharge disconnection
}
H02J 7/0027
. .
{
Stations for charging mobile units, e.g. of electric vehicles, of mobile telephones (H02J 7/0021, H02J 7/0026 take precedence)
}
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H02J 7/0029
.
{
with safety devices (H02J 7/0026 takes precedence)
}
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H02J 7/0031
. .
{
using battery or load disconnect circuits (H02J 9/002 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/0032
. . .
{
disconnection of loads if battery is not under charge, e.g. in vehicle if engine is not running
}
H02J 7/0034
. .
{
using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits (mechanical means of polarity protection H02J 7/0045)
}
H02J 7/0036
. .
{
using connection detecting circuits (H02J 7/0034 takes precedence)
}
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H02J 7/0042
.
{
characterised by the mechanical construction (H02J 7/355 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/0044
. .
{
specially adapted for holding portable devices containing batteries (H02J 7/0045 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/0045
. .
{
concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries (charging from ac mains using non-contact coupling H02J 7/025)
}
H02J 7/0047
.
{
with indicating devices (H02J 7/0021 takes precedence)
}
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H02J 7/0052
.
{
Charge circuits only (H02J 7/0003, H02J 7/0013, H02J 7/007 take precedence)
}
H02J 7/0054
. .
{
Battery to battery charging (with circuits for polarity protection H02J 7/0034)
}
H02J 7/0055
. .
{
adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC, multivoltage
}
H02J 7/0057
. .
{
adapted for charge maintenance or battery rejuvenation (H02J 7/0075 takes precedence)
}
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H02J 7/0063
.
{
Circuits adapted for supplying loads only
}
H02J 7/0065
. .
{
using converters specially adapted for use with a battery
}
H02J 7/0068
.
{
Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply (H02J 7/0013 takes precedence)
}
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H02J 7/007
.
{
Regulation of charging current or voltage
}
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H02J 7/0072
. .
{
using semiconductor devices only
}
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H02J 7/0073
. . .
{
with a programmable charge schedule (H02J 7/0093 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/0075
. . . .
{
for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
}
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H02J 7/0077
. . .
{
the charge cycle being terminated in response to electric parameters (H02J 7/0093 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/0078
. . . .
{
in response to discharge current, e.g. using a coulometer, pilot cell
}
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H02J 7/008
. . . .
{
with the battery connected to the charge circuit
}
H02J 7/0081
. . . . .
{
and in response to battery voltage gradient
}
H02J 7/0083
. . . . .
{
and in response to charge current gradient
}
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H02J 7/0085
. . . .
{
with the battery disconnected from the charge circuit
}
H02J 7/0086
. . . . .
{
and in response to battery voltage
}
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H02J 7/0088
. . .
{
the charge cycle being terminated in response to non-electric parameters (H02J 7/0093 takes precedence)
}
H02J 7/009
. . . .
{
in response to degree of gas development in the battery
}
H02J 7/0091
. . . .
{
in response to temperature of the battery
}
H02J 7/0093
. . .
{
with introduction of pulses during the charging process
}
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H02J 7/02
.
for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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H02J 7/022
. .
{
characterised by the type of converter
}
H02J 7/025
. . .
{
using non-contact coupling, e.g. inductive, capacitive
}
H02J 7/027
. .
{
with safety or indicating device
}
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H02J 7/04
. .
Regulation of charging current or voltage
H02J 7/041
. . .
{
with a programmable charge schedule
}
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H02J 7/042
. . .
{
the charge cycle being controlled in response to a measured parameter
}
H02J 7/044
. . . .
{
in response to integrated charge or discharge current
}
H02J 7/045
. . . .
{
in response to voltage or current
}
H02J 7/047
. . . .
{
in response to temperature
}
H02J 7/048
. . . .
{
in response to degree of gas development in the battery
}
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H02J 7/06
. . .
using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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H02J 7/08
. . . .
using discharge tubes only
H02J 7/082
. . . . .
{
with a programmable charge schedule
}
H02J 7/085
. . . . .
{
the charge cycle being terminated in response to electric parameters
}
H02J 7/087
. . . . .
{
the charge cycle being terminated in response to non-electric parameters
}
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H02J 7/12
. . .
using magnetic devices having controllable degree of saturation, i.e. transductors
H02J 7/125
. . . .
{
in combination with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
}
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H02J 7/14
.
for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
H02J 7/1407
. .
{
on vehicles not being driven by a motor, e.g. bicycles
}
H02J 7/1415
. .
{
with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle
}
H02J 7/1423
. .
{
with multiple batteries or generators
}
H02J 7/1438
. .
{
in combination with power supplies for loads other than batteries
}
H02J 7/1446
. .
{
in response to parameters of a vehicle
}
H02J 7/1453
. .
{
with temperature compensation
}
H02J 7/1461
. .
{
with safety or indicationg devices
}
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H02J 7/1469
. .
{
Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
}
H02J 7/1476
. . .
{
by mechanical action on the generator
}
H02J 7/1484
. . .
{
by commutation of the output windings of the generator
}
H02J 7/1492
. . .
{
by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
}
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H02J 7/16
. .
Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
H02J 7/163
. . .
{
with special means for initiating or limiting the excitation current
}
H02J 7/166
. . .
{
with safety or indicating devices
}
H02J 7/18
. . .
due to variation of ohmic resistance in field circuit, using resistance switching in or out of circuit step by step
H02J 7/20
. . .
due to variation of continuously variable ohmic resistor
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H02J 7/22
. . .
due to variation of make-to-break ratio of intermittently-operating contacts, e.g. using Tirrill regulator
H02J 7/225
. . . .
{
characterised by the mechanical construction
}
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H02J 7/24
. . .
using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
H02J 7/241
. . . .
{
using discharge tubes only
}
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H02J 7/242
. . . .
{
using semiconductor devices as final control devices
}
H02J 7/244
. . . . .
{
with on/off action
}
H02J 7/245
. . . . .
{
with pulse modulation
}
H02J 7/247
. . . . .
{
using thyristors or triacs as final control devices
}
H02J 7/248
. . . . .
{
characterised by the mechanical construction
}
H02J 7/26
. . .
using magnetic devices with controllable degree of saturation
H02J 7/28
. . .
using magnetic devices with controllable degree of saturation in combination with controlled discharge tube or controlled semiconductor device
H02J 7/30
. . .
using armature-reaction-excited machines
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H02J 7/32
.
for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover
{
rotating at constant speed
}
H02J 7/322
. .
{
by variation of field, using discharge tubes
}
H02J 7/324
. .
{
by variation of field, using semiconductor devices
}
H02J 7/326
. .
{
by variation of field, using armature-reaction-excited machines
}
H02J 7/328
. .
{
by variation of field, using magnetic devices having controllable degree of saturation
}
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H02J 7/34
.
Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering (H02J 7/14 takes precedence)
H02J 7/345
. .
{
using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
}
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H02J 7/35
. .
with light sensitive cells
H02J 7/355
. . .
{
characterised by the mechanical construction
}
H02J 7/36
.
Arrangements using end-cell switching
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H02J 9/00
Circuit arrangement for emergency or standby power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting (with provision for charging standby battery H02J 7/00)
H02J 9/002
.
{
in which a reserve is maintained in an energy source by disconnecting non-critical loads, e.g. maintaining a reserve of charge in a vehicle battery for starting an engine
}
H02J 9/005
.
{
using a power saving mode (for copiers G03G15/00C1)
}
H02J 9/02
.
in which an auxiliary distribution system and its associated lamps are brought into service
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H02J 9/04
.
in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
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H02J 9/06
. .
with automatic change-over
H02J 9/061
. . .
{
characterised by the use of electronic means (H02J 9/062 and H02J 9/065 take precedence)
}
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H02J 9/062
. . .
{
involving non rotating DC/AC converters
}
H02J 9/065
. . . .
{
for lighting purposes
}
H02J 9/066
. . .
{
characterised by the use of dynamo-electric machines (H02J 9/08 takes precedence)
}
H02J 9/08
. . .
requiring starting of a prime-mover
H02J 11/00
Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed, or converted (emergency or standby arrangements H02J 9/00)
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H02J 13/00
Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuit-breaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
{
(circuits for indication of single switches H01H 9/167; circuits specially adapted for remote switching of lighting via the power line H05B 37/0263)
}
H02J 13/0003
.
{
for DC networks
}
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H02J 13/0006
.
{
for single frequency AC networks
}
H02J 13/001
. .
{
characterised by the display, e.g. of data or controls
}
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H02J 13/0013
. .
{
characterised by transmission structure between the control or monitoring unit and the controlled or monitored unit
}
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H02J 13/0017
. . .
{
with direct transmission between the control or monitoring unit and the controlled or monitored unit
}
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H02J 13/002
. . . .
{
using the power network as support for the transmission
}
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H02J 13/0024
. . . . .
{
using pulsed signals
}
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H02J 13/0027
. . . . . .
{
Details of signals treatment means
}
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H02J 13/0031
. . . . . . .
{
using static semiconductor means
}
H02J 13/0034
. . . . . . . .
{
Transmitters
}
H02J 13/0037
. . . . . . . .
{
Receivers
}
H02J 13/0041
. . . . . . .
{
using lamps or electromechanical means
}
H02J 13/0044
. . . . .
{
using DC signal superposition
}
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H02J 13/0048
. . . . .
{
using modification of a parameter of the network power signal
}
H02J 13/0051
. . . . . .
{
Zero-crossing time
}
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H02J 13/0055
. . . .
{
using an auxiliary transmission line
}
H02J 13/0058
. . . . .
{
carrying signals having the network frequency or DC signals
}
H02J 13/0062
. . . .
{
using a data transmission bus
}
H02J 13/0065
. . . .
{
using optical means
}
H02J 13/0068
. . . .
{
using ultrasonic means
}
H02J 13/0072
. . . .
{
using phone lines
}
H02J 13/0075
. . . .
{
using radio means
}
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H02J 13/0079
. . .
{
with transmission using an intermediate treatment level between the control or monitoring unit and the controlled or monitored unit
}
H02J 13/0082
. . . .
{
using the power network as transmission support
}
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H02J 13/0086
. . .
{
with transmission using plurality of intermediate treatment level between the control or monitoring unit and the controlled or monitored unit
}
H02J 13/0089
. . . .
{
using the power network as transmission support
}
H02J 13/0093
.
{
for AC networks with plurality frequencies
}
H02J 13/0096
.
{
for networks combining AC and DC power
}
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H02J 15/00
Systems for storing electric energy (mechanical systems therefor F01 to F04; in chemical form H01M)
H02J 15/003
.
{
in the form of hydraulic energy
}
H02J 15/006
.
{
in the form of pneumatic energy (accumulators for supplying fluid under pressure F15B 1/04)
}
H02J 17/00
Systems for supplying or distributing electric power by electromagnetic waves
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H02J 2001/00
Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
H02J 2001/002
.
Intermediate ac, e.g. dc supply with intermediated ac distribution
H02J 2001/004
.
Distribution of power generated by fuel cells
H02J 2001/006
.
Provisions for temporary connection of dc sources of essentially the same voltage, e.g. jumpstart cables
H02J 2001/008
.
Plural dc voltage, e.g. dc supply voltage with at least two different dc voltage levels
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H02J 2001/10
.
Parallel operation of dc sources (involving batteries H02J 7/34)
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H02J 2001/102
. .
{
being switching converters (H02J 1/108, H02J 1/12 take precedence)
}
H02J 2001/104
. . .
for synchronisation
H02J 2001/106
. . .
for load balancing or load symmetrisation
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H02J 2003/00
Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
H02J 2003/001
.
Emergency control, e.g. method to deal with contingencies
H02J 2003/002
.
Flicker reduction, e.g. compensation of flicker introduced by non linear load
H02J 2003/003
.
Load forecast, e.g. method and systems for forecasting future load demand
H02J 2003/007
.
Simulating, e. g. planning, reliability check, modeling
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H02J 2003/12
.
for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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H02J 2003/14
. .
by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
H02J 2003/143
. . .
Household appliances management
H02J 2003/146
. . .
Tariff based load management
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H02J 2003/36
.
Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
H02J 2003/365
. .
Reducing harmonics or oscillations in HVDC
Collapse
H02J 2003/38
.
Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 2003/388
. .
Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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H02J 2007/00
Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 2007/0001
.
Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component , e.g. a power source
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H02J 2007/0029
.
{
with safety devices (H02J 7/0026 takes precedence)
}
H02J 2007/0037
. .
Overcharge protection
H02J 2007/0039
. .
Overcurrent protection
H02J 2007/004
. .
Overdischarge protection
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H02J 2007/0047
.
{
with indicating devices (H02J 7/0021 takes precedence)
}
H02J 2007/0049
. .
Detection of fully charged condition
H02J 2007/005
. .
Detection of remaining charge capacity
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H02J 2007/0052
.
{
Charge circuits only (H02J 7/0003, H02J 7/0013, H02J 7/007 take precedence)
}
H02J 2007/0059
. .
characterised by the converter
H02J 2007/006
. .
Charge provided using dc bus or data bus of a computer
H02J 2007/0062
. .
Charge provided using USB port connectors
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H02J 2007/0063
.
{
Circuits adapted for supplying loads only
}
H02J 2007/0067
. .
Discharge management, i.e. discharge current reduction at low state of charge, sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of battery
H02J 2007/0095
.
Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
H02J 2007/0096
.
Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
H02J 2007/0098
.
Smart battery, e.g. battery with means for data exchanging with charger
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H02J 2007/02
.
for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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H02J 2007/04
. .
Regulation of charging current or voltage
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H02J 2007/06
. . .
using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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H02J 2007/10
. . . .
using semiconductor devices only
H02J 2007/105
. . . . .
with introduction of pulses during the charging process
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H02J 2007/14
.
for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
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H02J 2007/1423
. .
{
with multiple batteries or generators
}
H02J 2007/143
. . .
Multiple generators
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H02J 2009/00
Circuit arrangement for emergency or standby power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting (with provision for charging standby battery H02J 7/00)
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H02J 2009/005
.
{
using a power saving mode (for copiers G03G15/00C1)
}
H02J 2009/007
. .
Detection of the absence of a load
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H02J 2009/04
.
in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
Collapse
H02J 2009/06
. .
with automatic change-over
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H02J 2009/062
. . .
{
involving non rotating DC/AC converters
}
H02J 2009/063
. . . .
Common neutral, e.g. ac input neutral line connected to ac output neutral line and dc middle point
H02J 2009/067
. . .
using multi-primary transformers, e.g. transformer having one primary for each ac energy source and a secondary for the loads
H02J 2009/068
. . .
Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply , e.g. to avoid parallel connection
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Last Modified: 04/16/2013 4:31:16 PM