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Classification Resources
 

 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class  86]   CLASS 86,AMMUNITION AND EXPLOSIVE- CHARGE MAKING
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

Instruments and processes peculiarly adapted for making fixed ammunition, including percussion caps, cartridges, or other explosive charges for firearms or ordnance, pyrotechnic devices, blasting charges, etc.

(1) Note. This class also takes subject matter closely related to ammunition and explosive-charge making, when not elsewhere provided for, including ammunition shell unloading and bomb disposal (see Subclass References to the Current Class, below).

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

Such single operations as rolling, turning, milling, boring, forging, casting, molding, coating, die-shaping, drawing, extruding, even though applied to manufacture of ammunition, are classified in appropriate functional classes. Making projectiles or other metal parts of ammunition by general metal-working operations is in appropriate metal-working classes. An operation of making a paper tube or paper body generally is in Class 493, particularly subclasses 269+ even though applicable to manufacture of cartridge cases.

SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

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49,for ammunition shell unloading.
50,for bomb disposal.

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

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29Metal Working,   subclasses 1.1 , 1.2 and 1.3, and indented subclasses respectively.
100Presses,   appropriate subclasses for presses not elsewhere provided for.
102Ammunition and Explosives,   for the products produced by the processes and apparatus of this class (86).
134Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,   for processes of, or apparatus for, removing explosives from explosive shells, particularly subclasses 5 , 23 and 24, for processes and 94.1+ and 166+ for apparatus.
149Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges,   for products and compositions utilized in this class.
156Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,   appropriate subclasses, particularly subclasses 184+ for processes of making paper tubes by a laminating operation.
427Coating Processes,   subclasses 212+ for general processes of coating particles flakes or granules.
588Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment,   subclass 403 for the chemical destruction of explosives, propellants, or pyrotechnics, and the chemical destruction of bombs other than by detonation.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 1.1]    1.1MISCELLANEOUS:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machines and devices not otherwise classifiable for making the articles named in the ... .
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 10]    10Caps and cartridges:
 Miscellaneous machines and devices for making percussion caps and cartridges for firearms.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 11]    11Paper shells:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Miscellaneous machines for making metal-headed shells for shot-cartridges.
(1) Note. For shells see Class 102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 464.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 12]    12Assembling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Machines for setting reinforces, wads, heads, caps, or for otherwise assembling the parts of paper cartridge-shells.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 17]    17Shell lining and varnishing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Machines for varnishing the interior of cap and cartridge shells or for covering the fulminate or shell interior with metal foil.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 18]    18Assembling, e.g., metal, plastic:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Subject matter includes putting together an explosive charge holding part to a tubular powder holding casing.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 19]    19Lubricating:
 Machines and devices for lubricating bullets, wads, and cartridges. A few machines cut as well as lubricate the wads.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 19.5]    19.5Firearm cartridge casing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Subject matter includes process or apparatus peculiarly adapted for fabricating a metallic case for fixed ammunition.
(1) Note. "Fixed ammunition" comprises an assembly including a projectile and propellant.
(2) Note. The "casing" of this subclass may be referred to as a "shell" or as a "hull".

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23,for ammunition loading.

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72Metal Deforming,   253.1 for deforming by extruding, particularly subclasses 264 through 269for the forming of a hollow product and subclasses 343 through 361 for push-drawing to form a cup or shell.
102Ammunition and Explosives,   464 for cartridge cases.
413Sheet Metal Container Making,   for making a container of metal involving plural distinct metal working operations, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 19.6]    19.6Deforming step, e.g., heading:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 19.5.  Subject matter includes shaping by applying a force to the case end causing the case end to collapse or flow.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 19.7]    19.7Trimming, deburring, or other finishing operation:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 19.5.  Subject matter includes cutting off, rubbing off, or other work to remove excess casing material in preparation for loading or reloading.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 19.8]    19.8Primer, primer anvil, percussion cap making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Subject matter includes fabricating an explosive charge igniter.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 20.1]    20.1LOADING FIREWORKS AND BURSTING CHARGES:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus or process for:
(1) Filling or ramming fireworks,
(2) Placing the bursting charge in a projectile, or
(3) Placing, tamping and/or priming charges in blast holes to be fired as blasts.

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102Ammunition and Explosives,   subclasses 310+ for blasting means which include plugs for closing blast holes.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 20.11]    20.11Filling and ramming fireworks:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1.  Subject matter for loading into a suitable enclosure compositions appropriate for serving as fire works when discharged.
(1) Note. Fireworks are devices which comprise various combustion of explosive and/or combustible materials used to generate colored lights, smoke and/or noises for the purpose of either signaling or amusement. Such device sometimes referred to as pyrotechnics.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 20.12]    20.12By casting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1.  Subject matter in which the operation performed involves the transfer of the explosive or combustible material in a molten condition into a mold or other shape in parting means.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 20.13]    20.13By vibratory packing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1.  Subject matter in which the operation performed involves vibration or a confining enclosure containing the explosive or combustible material in granular form for the purpose of compacting that material.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 20.14]    20.14Placing bursting charge in projectile:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1.  Subject matter in which the operation performed includes positioning a charge which will be exploded in use within a container which will be forcibly ejected.
(1) Note. This may involve, e.g., placement of an explosive charge into the shell of a bullet, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 20.15]    20.15Placing, tamping or priming charge into blasthole:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1.  Subject matter involving placement of compacting of an explosive charge into a cavity in a solid material where it is to be detonated.
(1) Note. This may involve, e.g., placement or ramming in of an explosive charge into a cylindrical hole bored into a rock quarry, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 21]    21Implements:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.  Hand supported and operated devices.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 22]    22Fuse:
 Tools for cutting, capping and placing fuses in blasting charges.

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7Compound Tools,   subclass 104 .
30Cutlery,   appropriate subclasses for mere cutting tools of more general application.
89Ordnance,   subclasses 6+ for fuse setters for encased fuses of explosive devices.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 23]    23AMMUNITION LOADING:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machines and devices not otherwise classifiable for loading or reloading fixed ammunition for small-arms and ordnance.

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53Package Making,   subclasses 147+ for apparatus to form groups of contents units and to subsequently package same.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 24]    24Implements, including resizing, reconditioning:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Hand supported and operated devices not otherwise classifiable for performing the various operations of loading and reloading cartridges. A few perform various other additional functions, such as molding and sizing bullets, sizing and trimming shells, extracting cartridges from barrels or firearms, etc.
(1) Note. All devices having a fixed base or means for clamping to a fixed support are considered machines throughout this class and are correspondingly classified.

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81Tools,   subclass 3.05 for shell, projectile or wad extractors, per se.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 25]    25Loading and shell closing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Machines and devices for filling, wadding, and ramming the charge and then contracting the mouth of the shell either above the outer wad or upon the periphery of the bullet. All the operations of loading are performed except capping and uncapping and in many cases these also.

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53Package Making,   subclasses 266+ for machines to form a package by filling a preformed receptacle and subsequently closing the same.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 26]    26Rectilinear shell feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Machines for loading or reloading and crimping cartridges in which the shells are fed through the machine in a straight line by means of guides, independent holders, or endless linked tables.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 27]    27Rotary shell feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Machines for loading and crimping, cartridges in which the shells are carried to the various loading devices by a rotary table having a step-by-step movement. Many automatic machines are included which perform all the loading steps except capping the shells.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 28]    28Implements, including resizing, reconditioning:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Hand supported and operated devices for loading and closing cartridge-shells either by crimping the cartridge upon the outer wad or swaging it upon the bullet. Some of these implements lack means for capping and uncapping the shells or for measuring and inserting the contents.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 29]    29Filling and ramming:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Machines and devices for placing the powder and shot in cartridges and setting the wads in the same.

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20.1,25, 26, and 27.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 30]    30Rammers:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Machines and devices for compacting the charges in cartridges or setting wads in the same. The machines usually have means for applying the same pressure to each of a number of ramming pistons.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 31]    31Filling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Instruments for measuring powder and shot charges and conveying the same into the shells to be loaded.

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25,26, 27, and 29.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 32]    32Cap and cartridge priming:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Machines for supplying cap and cartridge shells with fulminate. In many cases the explosive is spread or packed in the shell by rapidly rotating the latter.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 33]    33Implements, including resizing, reconditioning:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Hand-supported devices for measuring charging and placing the same in shells.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 36]    36Capping and uncapping:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Instruments for removing exploded primers from used cartridges or for setting fresh primers, or both.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 37]    37Implements, including resizing, reconditioning:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 36.  Hand supported and operated devices for removing exploded primers or for setting fresh ones, or both.

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29Metal Working,   subclasses 244+ for related assembling and disassembling tools.
81Tools,   subclasses 3.07+ for receptacle closure removing tools.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 38]    38Magazine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 37.  Hand-operated capping and uncapping devices having a receptacle for holding and presenting a fresh primer to the capping means.

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221Article Dispensing,   appropriate subclasses for article dispensers not otherwise provided for, including magazine type supply containers.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 39]    39Crimping:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Instruments for closing paper shells upon the outer wad or for swaging a metal shell upon the bullet. The wad may be held by turning in the mouth of the shell, by creasing it in longitudinal folds, or by indenting or perforating the shell just above the wad.

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23,25, 26, and 27.

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53Package Making,   subclasses 285+ for machines which complete the forming of a package by an end closing operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 40]    40Implements, including resizing, reconditioning:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Hand supported and operated devices for closing shells to secure the outer wad or the bullet in place.

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24,and 28.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 41]    41Crimper heads:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Those elements of crimping-machines which directly effect the closing of the cartridge.

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24,25, 26, 27, 39, and 40.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 42]    42Bullet patching:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Instruments for cutting and attaching cloth patches to bullets.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 43]    43Bullet setting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Instruments for pressing bullets into cartridge-shells.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 44]    44Shell holders:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices for holding shells in convenient position for loading.

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31,
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 45]    45FEEDING DEVICES:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Instruments for conveying bullets, shells, wads, etc., to the working parts of ammunition-making and loading machines.

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221Article Dispensing,   appropriate subclasses for other article dispensing or feeding devices, not otherwise classified, and see the class definition of Class 221 for a statement of the line between the classes and for the disposition of other disclosures of similar subject matter.
470Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process and Apparatus,   subclasses 162+ for feeding and distributing devices and subcombinations specialized to the purposes of that class.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 46]    46Shell:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Instruments for feeding empty shells to ammunition-making and loading machines.

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198Conveyors: Power-Driven,   subclasses 343.1+ and 373+ for a conveyor having means for orienting the conveyed load relative to the conveyor.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 47]    47CARTRIDGE PACKING:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Instruments for packaging cartridges for shipping.

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53Package Making,   for apparatus for depositing articles in preformed receptacles with or without subsequent closing of the receptacle.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 48]    48Belt loading:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 47.  Machines for loading or filling belts with cartridges.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 49]    49AMMUNITION SHELL UNLOADING:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus and process for removing contents from ammunition shells.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 50]    50BOMB DISPOSAL:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus and process for destroying or rendering harmless bomb-like devices.

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588Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment,   subclass 403 for the chemical destruction of explosives, and the chemical destruction of bombs other than by detonation.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 51]    51ORDNANCE TYPE PROJECTILE MAKING, INCLUDING FINNED:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter includes fabricating a body propelled by a gun adapted to be mounted or supported otherwise than by hand and perhaps having an attached airfoil.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 52]    52Sabot:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Subject matter includes a thrust transmitting carrier that positions a missile in a gun barrel or launching tube and that prevents the escape of gas ahead of the missile.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 53]    53Hollow, shrapnel containing type shell:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Subject matter includes fabricating the body with a cavity therein to contain a bursting or other charge along with metal fragments designed to explode in flight and scatter the metal fragments.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 54]    54BULLET OR FIREARM TYPE, e.g., PELLET, MAKING:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter includes fabricating a small rounded or spherical body propelled by a gun supported by hand.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 55]    55Jacketed or covered, including partially:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 54.  Subject matter includes an outer layer of material over the body that is over all or a portion of the body.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 56]    56BOMB FABRICATING:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter includes explosive means, when in use that falls without the use of applied force.
  
[List of Patents for class 86 subclass 57]    57SHOT MAKING, FIREARM TYPE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter includes fabricating a small, spheroid element, usually in a quantity to fill a cartridge or casing.

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29Metal Working,   subclass 899 for ball making.