CPC Definition - Subclass C21C
This place covers:
Refining of pig-iron and manufacturing of cast iron.
Manufacture of wrought-iron, wrought-steel, carbon-steel.
Treatment of molten ferrous alloys.
Apparatus therefore, e.g. mixers for pig-iron, converters or electric furnaces.
C22B covers general metallurgical or chemical processes for producing or recovering metals from metals compounds, ores, metalliferous waste or scrap metal and for refining metal.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced | |
General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals | |
Remelting metals | |
Apparatus for electroslag remelting of metals, e.g. furnaces | |
Arc remelting of metals | |
Making cast-iron alloys | |
Cast iron alloys | |
Ferrous alloy compositions | |
Furnaces, kilns, ovens or retorts in general | |
Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases in furnaces | |
Stirring devices for molten materials in furnaces | |
Electric heating |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
pig iron | intermediate product of smelting iron ore with a high-carbon fuel, e.g. coke, charcoal |
slag | partially vitreous by-product of smelting ore to separate the metal fraction from the unwanted faction |
tuyères | tubes, nozzles or pipes through which air is blown into a furnace |
This place covers:
Also the specific treating agents
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Dephosphorising or desulfurising of molten ferrous alloys |
In case the dephosphorising, desulfurising are more generally claimed and could also apply to ferrous alloys (incl. steel), C21C 7/064 should be attributed as well.
If the method of introduction is specifically claimed, the corresponding class in C21C 7/00 should be attributed
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
In case the treatments to remove other impurities are more generally claimed and could also apply to ferrous alloys (incl. steel), C21C 7/04 or any appropriate class below should be attributed as well.
If the method of introduction is specifically claimed, the corresponding class in C21C 7/00 should be attributed
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Stirring devices for molten metal |
This place covers:
Treatment of pig iron to obtain non-spheroidal cast-iron.
This place does not cover:
Cast-iron alloys (composition) |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Making of cast-iron alloys |
This place covers:
Also the nodularising agents
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Making of cast-iron alloys | |
Cast-iron alloys |
This place covers:
The manufacturing of stainless steels and ferro-alloys; apparatuses, in particular converters, which are specifically dedicated to the steel processing.
This place covers:
The full plant lay-out is also classified in this group.
This place does not cover:
Manufacture of stainless steel |
This place covers:
Converter processes in which the regulation or control of the blowing is claimed, be it from above, through the bath or a combination thereof, i.e. not specific to one of the methods ; the regulation or control can relate to the amount, the sequence, the composition etc of the gases.
Also post-combustion is considered as a means to control the blowing
In patent documents, the following abbreviations are often used:
Post-combustion | after burning |
This place covers:
Regulation or control of blowing ONLY from above, i.e. through a lance.
This place does not cover:
Blowing from above and through the bath |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Lance details | |
Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge of furnaces | |
Charging particulate material in furnaces using a fluid carrier |
This place covers:
Regulation or control of blowing only through the melt, i.e. through a tuyère or bottom.
This place does not cover:
Blowing from above and through the bath |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Bottoms or tuyères of converters | |
Injection assemblies for treatment of fused massed with gases |
This place covers:
The treatment of the off-gas
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Separation | |
In particular of solids from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia or centrifugal forces | |
By filters | |
By liquids | |
By other means | |
Purifying or modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing CO |
This place covers:
The installation required for capturing and treating of the off-gas.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Preventing escape from fumes from the area where they are produces, collecting or removing fumes therefrom | |
Devices for conducting smoke or fumes for factories or large buildings | |
Arrangements for using waste heat, using or disposing of waste gas |
This place covers:
Apart from the lining itself, the equipment to make, apply or repair the lining, both of the vessel and of the taphole in particular.
This place covers:
Lances, means for their handling; supporting means for the converter; cooling arrangements; tapholes, their opening and sealing; charging devices; measuring and sampling devices; support and transport devices for the converter; cleaning and skull removal.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Measuring the weight of the converter | |
Trunnions in generalbearings and accessories in general | |
Charging of furnaces | |
Travelling or movable supports for the charge | |
Tapholes, opening and sealing | |
Lances injecting a gas jet; injecting particulate material using a fluid jet | |
Devices or methods for removing incrustrations | |
Arrangements of controlling devices | |
Arrangement of monitoring devices in furnaces, kilns, ovens or retorts | |
Measuring, testing in general of weight of vibrations or ultra-, infra- or sonic waves radiation pyrometry other temperature measurements | |
Specific techniques for measuring or analysing materials by determining their chemical or physical properties |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Pivotal connections in general ; | |
Bearings and accessories in general |
This place covers:
Any type of electric heating: AC, DC, induction or plasma, including accessories as burners.
The manufacturing of alloyed steels, e.g. ferro-alloys.
The charging of the electric furnace.
Multiple hearth furnaces.
The general lay-out of the melt shop.
This place does not cover:
Manufacture of stainless steel |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Methods or apparatus for combustion using fluent fuel | |
Burners | |
Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces | |
Arrangements of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces | |
Electric heating elements or system |
Specific orthogonal Indexing Codes exist for the presence/absence of a foam (C21C 2300/02, C21C 2300/04) or a molten heel in the electric furnace.
This place covers:
Methods starting from scrap (with/without preheating) not treated in electric (arc) furnaces.
This place does not cover:
Manufacture of stainless steel | |
Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Apparatus for preheating scrap in general |
This place covers:
Treatments of refining or alloying by means of the treatment agents, the form thereof, purpose or the circumstances.
Metallic, carbonaceous or exothermic treatment agents.
Loose or compacted agents or cored wires.
Treatments in a ladle, under pressure or in a current of streaming metal.
Special treatments of the slag.
This place does not cover:
Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting | |
Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile |
This place covers:
Including specifically disclosed agents for desulfurising and dephosphorising
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Removal of phosphor or sulfur from pig iron |
This place covers:
Including stainless steels
This place does not cover:
Deoxidising, e.g. killing | |
Dephosphorising; Desulfurising | |
Decarburising |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Refining metals by treating with gases |
This place does not cover:
Deoxidising, e.g. killing | |
Dephosphorising; Desulfurising | |
Decarburising |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Refining metals by treating with fluxes |