1. CPC Sections
  2. CPC Section H
  3. CPC Class H04
  4. CPC Subclass H04L
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CPC
COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION
​​
H04L
TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) [2022-05]
NOTES

  • This subclass covers transmission of signals having been supplied in digital form and includes data transmission, telegraphic communication, or methods or arrangements for monitoring.
  • In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of group H04L 2101/00.
WARNINGS

H04L 1/00
Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received {(correcting synchronisation H04L 7/00)} [2021-08]
H04L 1/0001
.
{Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff (adaptive data allocation for multicarrier modulation H04L 5/0044; controlling transmission power for radio systems H04W 52/04)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0002
. .
{by adapting the transmission rate} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0003
. . .
{by switching between different modulation schemes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0004
. . . .
{applied to control information} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0005
. . . .
{applied to payload information} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0006
. .
{by adapting the transmission format} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0007
. . .
{by modifying the frame length} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0008
. . . .
{by supplementing frame payload, e.g. with padding bits} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0009
. .
{by adapting the channel coding (H04L 1/1812 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/001
. . .
{applied to control information} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0011
. . .
{applied to payload information} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0013
. . .
{Rate matching, e.g. puncturing or repetition of code symbols} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0014
. .
{by adapting the source coding} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0015
. .
{characterised by the adaptation strategy} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0016
. . .
{involving special memory structures, e.g. look-up tables} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0017
. . .
{where the mode-switching is based on Quality of Service requirement} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0018
. . . .
{based on latency requirement} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0019
. . .
{in which mode-switching is based on a statistical approach} [2013-01]
H04L 1/002
. . . .
{Algorithms with memory of the previous states, e.g. Markovian models} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0021
. . . .
{in which the algorithm uses adaptive thresholds} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0022
. . .
{in which mode-switching is influenced by the user} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0023
. .
{characterised by the signalling} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0025
. . .
{Transmission of mode-switching indication} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0026
. . .
{Transmission of channel quality indication} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0027
. . .
{Scheduling of signalling, e.g. occurrence thereof} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0028
. . .
{Formatting} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0029
. . . .
{Reduction of the amount of signalling, e.g. retention of useful signalling or differential signalling (power control H04W 52/04)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/003
. . . .
{Adaptive formatting arrangements particular to signalling, e.g. variable amount of bits} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0031
. . . .
{Multiple signaling transmission (H04L 1/1664, F15 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0032
. . .
{Without explicit signalling} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0033
. .
{arrangements specific to the transmitter} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0034
. . .
{where the transmitter decides based on inferences, e.g. use of implicit signalling} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0035
. . .
{evaluation of received explicit signalling} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0036
. .
{arrangements specific to the receiver} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0038
. . .
{Blind format detection (for detection of modulation format H04L 27/0012)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0039
. . .
{other detection of signalling, e.g. detection of TFCI explicit signalling (H04L 1/0046, H04L 27/0012 and H04L 25/0262 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/004
.
{by using forward error control (H04L 1/0618 takes precedence; coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or correction H03M 13/00)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0041
. .
{Arrangements at the transmitter end} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0042
. . .
{Encoding specially adapted to other signal generation operation, e.g. in order to reduce transmit distortions, jitter, or to improve signal shape (H04L 1/0067 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0043
. . .
{Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. use of look-up tables} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0044
. . . .
{specially adapted for power saving} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0045
. .
{Arrangements at the receiver end} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0046
. . .
{Code rate detection or code type detection (H04L 1/0038 takes precedence; detection of the data rate H04L 25/0262; for packet format H04L 1/0091)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0047
. . .
{Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation (in conjunction with sequence estimation or equalization H04L 25/03286)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0048
. . . .
{in conjunction with detection of multiuser or interfering signals, e.g. iteration between CDMA or MIMO detector and FEC decoder (for spatial equalizer H04L 25/03286)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/005
. . . .
{Iterative decoding, including iteration between signal detection and decoding operation} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0051
. . . . .
{Stopping criteria} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0052
. . .
{Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. pipelining or use of look-up tables} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0053
. . . .
{specially adapted for power saving} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0054
. . .
{Maximum-likelihood or sequential decoding, e.g. Viterbi, Fano, ZJ algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0055
. . .
{MAP-decoding} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0056
. .
{Systems characterized by the type of code used (H04L 1/08 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0057
. . .
{Block codes (H04L 1/0061, H04L 1/0064 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0058
. . . .
{Block-coded modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0059
. . .
{Convolutional codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/006
. . . .
{Trellis-coded modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0061
. . .
{Error detection codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0063
. . . .
{Single parity check} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0064
. . .
{Concatenated codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0065
. . . .
{Serial concatenated codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0066
. . . .
{Parallel concatenated codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0067
. . .
{Rate matching (H04L 1/0013 and H04L 1/08 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0068
. . . .
{by puncturing} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0069
. . . . .
{Puncturing patterns} [2013-01]
H04L 1/007
. . .
{Unequal error protection (for format H04L 1/0078; for codes per se H03M 13/35)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0071
. . .
{Use of interleaving (interleaving per se H03M 13/27)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0072
. .
{Error control for data other than payload data, e.g. control data} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0073
. . .
{Special arrangements for feedback channel} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0075
. .
{Transmission of coding parameters to receiver (H04L 1/0023 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0076
. .
{Distributed coding, e.g. network coding, involving channel coding (coding in both space and time H04L 1/0618; cooperative diversity H04B 7/022)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0077
. . .
{Cooperative coding} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0078
.
{Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location (forward error control, e.g. FEC, CRC H04L 1/004; adaptive formatting H04L 1/0006; mappings H04L 27/00)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0079
. .
{Formats for control data (H04L 1/16 takes precedence; training sequences H04L 25/00 and H04L 27/00)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/008
. . .
{where the control data relates to payload of a different packet} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0081
. . .
{Formats specially adapted to avoid errors in the feedback channel (H04L 1/1607 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0082
. . .
{fields explicitly indicating existence of error in data being transmitted, e.g. so that downstream stations can avoid decoding erroneous packet; relays} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0083
. .
{Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0084
. .
{Formats for payload data} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0085
. .
{Formatting with cells} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0086
. .
{Unequal error protection (H04L 27/00 and H04L 1/004 take precedence for layer 1/2 aspects, e.g. bit loading)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0088
. . .
{in control part} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0089
. . .
{in payload} [2013-01]
H04L 1/009
. .
{arrangements specific to transmitters} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0091
. .
{arrangements specific to receivers, e.g. format detection (detection of data rate H04L 25/0262; detection of coding rate H04L 1/0046)} [2013-01]
H04L 2001/0092
.
{Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link} [2013-01]
H04L 2001/0093
. .
{Point-to-multipoint} [2013-01]
H04L 2001/0094
. .
{Bus} [2013-01]
H04L 2001/0095
. .
{Ring} [2013-01]
H04L 2001/0096
. .
{Channel splitting in point-to-point links} [2013-01]
H04L 2001/0097
. .
{Relays} [2013-01]
H04L 2001/0098
.
{Unequal error protection} [2013-01]
H04L 1/02
.
by diversity reception [2021-08]
H04L 1/04
. .
using frequency diversity [2013-01]
H04L 1/06
. .
using space diversity [2013-01]
H04L 1/0606
. . .
{Space-frequency coding} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0612
. . .
{Space-time modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0618
. . .
{Space-time coding} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0625
. . . .
{Transmitter arrangements} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0631
. . . .
{Receiver arrangements} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0637
. . . .
{Properties of the code} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0643
. . . . .
{block codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/065
. . . . .
{by means of convolutional encoding} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0656
. . . . .
{Cyclotomic systems, e.g. Bell Labs Layered Space-Time [BLAST]} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0662
. . . . .
{Limited orthogonality systems} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0668
. . . . .
{Orthogonal systems, e.g. using Alamouti codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0675
. . . .
{characterised by the signaling} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0681
. . . . .
{adapting space time parameters, i.e. modifying the space time matrix} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0687
. . . . .
{Full feedback} [2013-01]
H04L 1/0693
. . . . .
{Partial feedback, e.g. partial channel state information [CSI]} [2013-01]
H04L 1/08
.
by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system {(H04L 1/1858 and H04L 1/189 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/12
.
by using return channel [2013-01]
H04L 2001/125
. .
{Arrangements for preventing errors in the return channel} [2013-01]
H04L 1/14
. .
in which the signals are sent back to the transmitter to be checked {; echo systems} [2021-08]
H04L 1/16
. .
in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals [2013-01]
H04L 1/1607
. . .
Details of the supervisory signal [2023-01]
H04L 1/1614
. . . .
{using bitmaps} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1621
. . . .
{Group acknowledgement, i.e. the acknowledgement message defining a range of identifiers, e.g. of sequence numbers} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1628
. . . .
{List acknowledgements, i.e. the acknowledgement message consisting of a list of identifiers, e.g. of sequence numbers (H04L 1/1614 takes precedence)} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1635
. . . .
{Cumulative acknowledgement, i.e. the acknowledgement message applying to all previous messages} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1642
. . . .
{Formats specially adapted for sequence numbers} [2023-01]
H04L 1/165
. . . . .
{Variable formats} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1657
. . . .
{Implicit acknowledgement of correct or incorrect reception, e.g. with a moving window} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1664
. . . .
{the supervisory signal being transmitted together with payload signals; piggybacking} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1671
. . . .
{the supervisory signal being transmitted together with control information} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1678
. . . . .
{where the control information is for timing, e.g. time stamps} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1685
. . . .
{the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1692
. . . .
{Physical properties of the supervisory signal, e.g. acknowledgement by energy bursts} [2023-01]
H04L 1/18
. . .
Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems [2023-01]
H04L 1/1803
. . . .
Stop-and-wait protocols [2023-01]
H04L 1/1806
. . . .
Go-back-N protocols [2023-01]
H04L 1/1809
. . . .
Selective-repeat protocols [2023-01]
H04L 1/1812
. . . .
Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] [2023-01]
H04L 1/1816
. . . . .
{with retransmission of the same, encoded, message} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1819
. . . . .
{with retransmission of additional or different redundancy} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1822
. . . .
involving configuration of automatic repeat request [ARQ] with parallel processes [2023-01]
H04L 1/1825
. . . .
Adaptation of specific ARQ protocol parameters according to transmission conditions [2023-01]
H04L 1/1829
. . . .
Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end [2023-01]
H04L 1/1832
. . . . .
{Details of sliding window management} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1835
. . . . .
{Buffer management} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1838
. . . . . .
{for semi-reliable protocols, e.g. for less sensitive applications such as streaming video (buffer level management for video bitstream receiver H04N 21/44004)} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1841
. . . . . .
{Resequencing} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1845
. . . . . .
{Combining techniques, e.g. code combining} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1848
. . . . .
{Time-out mechanisms} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1851
. . . . . .
{using multiple timers} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1854
. . . . .
{Scheduling and prioritising arrangements} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1858
. . . . .
{Transmission or retransmission of more than one copy of acknowledgement message} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1861
. . . . .
{Physical mapping arrangements (for ACK signaling see also H04L 5/0053)} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1864
. . . . .
{ARQ related signaling (H04L 1/1607 takes precedence)} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1867
. . . .
Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end [2023-01]
H04L 1/187
. . . . .
{Details of sliding window management} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1874
. . . . .
{Buffer management} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1877
. . . . . .
{for semi-reliable protocols, e.g. for less sensitive applications like streaming video (buffer level management for video bitstream control arrangements H04N 21/44004)} [2023-01]
H04L 1/188
. . . . .
{Time-out mechanisms} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1883
. . . . . .
{using multiple timers} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1887
. . . . .
{Scheduling and prioritising arrangements} [2023-01]
H04L 1/189
. . . . .
{Transmission or retransmission of more than one copy of a message} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1893
. . . . .
{Physical mapping arrangements (physical resource mapping in general H04L 5/00)} [2023-01]
H04L 1/1896
. . . . .
{ARQ related signaling} [2023-01]
H04L 1/20
.
using signal quality detector [2020-01]
H04L 1/201
. .
{Frame classification, e.g. bad, good or erased (frame indication per se H04L 1/0082)} [2013-01]
H04L 1/203
. .
{Details of error rate determination, e.g. BER, FER or WER} [2013-01]
H04L 1/205
. .
{jitter monitoring} [2013-01]
H04L 1/206
. .
{for modulated signals} [2013-01]
H04L 1/208
. .
{involving signal re-encoding} [2013-01]
H04L 1/22
.
using redundant apparatus to increase reliability [2021-08]
H04L 1/24
.
Testing correct operation [2013-01]
H04L 1/241
. .
{using pseudo-errors} [2013-01]
H04L 1/242
. .
{by comparing a transmitted test signal with a locally generated replica} [2013-01]
H04L 1/243
. . .
{at the transmitter, using a loop-back} [2013-01]
H04L 1/244
. . .
{test sequence generators} [2013-01]
H04L 1/245
. .
{by using the properties of transmission codes} [2013-01]
H04L 1/246
. . .
{two-level transmission codes, e.g. binary} [2013-01]
H04L 1/247
. . .
{three-level transmission codes, e.g. ternary} [2013-01]
H04L 1/248
. .
{Distortion measuring systems (measurement of non-linear distortion G01R 23/20; measuring characteristics of individual pulses, e.g. deviation from pulse flatness, rise time, duration G01R 29/02)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/00
Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path [2021-01]
H04L 5/0001
.
{Arrangements for dividing the transmission path (duplexing H04L 5/14; multiplexing of different sources on one path H04J)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0003
. .
{Two-dimensional division (time-code division H04J 11/00, H04J 13/00; for time-space division H04B 7/0413, H04B 7/0697)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0005
. . .
{Time-frequency} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0007
. . . .
{the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT} [2016-08]
H04L 5/0008
. . . . .
{Wavelet-division} [2013-01]
H04L 5/001
. . . . .
{the frequencies being arranged in component carriers} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0012
. . . . .
{Hopping in multicarrier systems (for frequency hopping in spread spectrum systems H04B 1/713)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0014
. .
{Three-dimensional division (time-code-space division H04B 7/0413, H04B 7/0697)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0016
. . .
{Time-frequency-code} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0017
. . . .
{in which a distinct code is applied, as a temporal sequence, to each frequency} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0019
. . . .
{in which one code is applied, as a temporal sequence, to all frequencies} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0021
. . . .
{in which codes are applied as a frequency-domain sequences, e.g. MC-CDMA} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0023
. . .
{Time-frequency-space} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0025
. . . .
{Spatial division following the spatial signature of the channel} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0026
. .
{Division using four or more dimensions} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0028
. .
{Variable division (signaling therefor H04L 5/0092)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/003
.
{Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0032
. .
{Distributed allocation, i.e. involving a plurality of allocating devices, each making partial allocation} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0033
. . .
{each allocating device acting autonomously, i.e. without negotiation with other allocating devices} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0035
. . .
{Resource allocation in a cooperative multipoint environment} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0037
. .
{Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0039
. . .
{Frequency-contiguous, i.e. with no allocation of frequencies for one user or terminal between the frequencies allocated to another} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0041
. . .
{Frequency-non-contiguous} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0042
. .
{intra-user or intra-terminal allocation} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0044
. .
{allocation of payload} [2023-05]
H04L 5/0046
. . .
{Determination of how many bits are transmitted on different sub-channels} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0048
. .
{Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver} [2023-05]
H04L 5/005
. . .
{of common pilots, i.e. pilots destined for multiple users or terminals} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0051
. . .
{of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0053
. .
{Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0055
. . .
{Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK (for physical mapping arrangements in ARQ protocols H04L 1/1861)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0057
. . .
{Physical resource allocation for CQI} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0058
. .
{Allocation criteria} [2013-01]
H04L 5/006
. . .
{Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0062
. . .
{Avoidance of ingress interference, e.g. ham radio channels} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0064
. . .
{Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0066
. . .
{Requirements on out-of-channel emissions} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0067
. . .
{Allocation algorithms which involve graph matching} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0069
. . .
{Allocation based on distance or geographical location (allocation based on terminal or device properties in general, H04W 72/51)} [2023-01]
H04L 5/0071
. . .
{Allocation based on fairness other than the proportional kind} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0073
. . .
{Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences (for intercell interference mitigation or co-ordination in orthogonal multiplex systems H04J 11/005)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0075
. . .
{Allocation using proportional fairness} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0076
. . .
{Allocation utility-based} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0078
. .
{Timing of allocation} [2013-01]
H04L 5/008
. . .
{once only, on installation} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0082
. . .
{at predetermined intervals} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0083
. . . .
{symbol-by-symbol} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0085
. . .
{when channel conditions change} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0087
. . .
{when data requirements change} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0089
. . . .
{due to addition or removal of users or terminals} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0091
.
{Signaling for the administration of the divided path} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0092
. .
{Indication of how the channel is divided} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0094
. .
{Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0096
. .
{Indication of changes in allocation} [2013-01]
H04L 5/0098
. . .
{Signalling of the activation or deactivation of component carriers, subcarriers or frequency bands} [2013-01]
H04L 5/02
.
Channels characterised by the type of signal [2013-01]
H04L 5/023
. .
{Multiplexing of multicarrier modulation signals (multicarrier modulation H04L 27/2601)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/026
. . .
{using code division} [2013-01]
H04L 5/04
. .
the signals being represented by different amplitudes or polarities, e.g. quadriplex [2017-08]
H04L 5/06
. .
the signals being represented by different frequencies (combined with time-division multiplexing H04L 5/26) [2013-01]
H04L 5/08
. . .
each combination of signals in different channels being represented by a fixed frequency [2021-08]
H04L 5/10
. . .
with dynamo-electric generation of carriers; with mechanical filters or demodulators [2013-01]
H04L 5/12
. .
the signals being represented by different phase modulations of a single carrier [2013-01]
H04L 5/14
.
Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex [2021-01]
H04L 5/1407
. .
{Artificial lines or their setting (for line transmission systems in general H04B 3/40)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1415
. .
{using control lines} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1423
. .
{for simultaneous baseband signals} [2013-01]
H04L 5/143
. .
{for modulated signals (H04L 5/1469 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1438
. .
{Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication (modified according to link quality H04L 1/0001)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1446
. . .
{of transmission speed} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1453
. . .
{of modulation type} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1461
. .
{Suppression of signals in the return path, i.e. bidirectional control circuits} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1469
. .
{using time-sharing} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1476
. . .
{operating bitwise} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1484
. . .
{operating bytewise} [2013-01]
H04L 5/1492
. . . .
{with time compression, e.g. operating according to the ping-pong technique} [2013-01]
H04L 5/16
. .
Half-duplex systems; Simplex/duplex switching; Transmission of break signals {non-automatically inverting the direction of transmission} [2021-08]
H04L 5/18
. .
Automatic changing of the traffic direction [2013-01]
H04L 5/20
.
using different combinations of lines, e.g. phantom working [2021-08]
H04L 5/22
.
using time-division multiplexing [2021-01]
H04L 5/225
. .
{combined with the use of transition coding (transition coding H04L 25/493)} [2013-01]
H04L 5/24
. .
with start-stop synchronous converters [2013-01]
H04L 5/245
. . .
{with a number of discharge tubes or semiconductor elements which successively connect the different channels to the transmission channels (see: H04L 13/00 - H04L 23/00, H03K 5/15, H03K 17/62, H04J 3/047)} [2016-05]
H04L 5/26
. .
combined with the use of different frequencies [2013-01]
H04L 7/00
Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter {(synchronisation of generators of electric oscillations or pulses H03L 7/00)} [2021-08]
H04L 7/0004
.
{Initialisation of the receiver (H04L 7/0075 and H04L 7/10 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0008
.
{Synchronisation information channels, e.g. clock distribution lines} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0012
. .
{by comparing receiver clock with transmitter clock} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0016
.
{correction of synchronization errors} [2013-01]
H04L 7/002
. .
{correction by interpolation} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0025
. . .
{interpolation of clock signal} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0029
. . .
{interpolation of received data signal} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0033
. .
{Correction by delay} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0037
. . .
{Delay of clock signal} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0041
. . .
{Delay of data signal} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0045
. .
{Correction by a latch cascade} [2013-01]
H04L 7/005
. .
{Correction by an elastic buffer} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0054
.
{Detection of the synchronisation error by features other than the received signal transition (by means of signal transition H04L 7/033)} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0058
. .
{detection of error based on equalizer tap values} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0062
. .
{detection of error based on data decision error, e.g. Mueller type detection} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0066
. .
{detection of error based on transmission code rule} [2013-01]
H04L 7/007
. .
{detection of error based on maximum signal power, e.g. peak value, maximizing autocorrelation} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0075
.
{with photonic or optical means} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0079
.
{Receiver details} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0083
. .
{taking measures against momentary loss of synchronisation, e.g. inhibiting the synchronisation, using idle words or using redundant clocks} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0087
. .
{Preprocessing of received signal for synchronisation, e.g. by code conversion, pulse generation or edge detection} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0091
.
{Transmitter details} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0095
.
{with mechanical means} [2013-01]
H04L 7/02
.
Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information {(H04L 7/0075 takes precedence)} [2021-08]
H04L 7/027
. .
extracting the synchronising or clock signal from the received signal spectrum, e.g. by using a resonant or bandpass circuit [2013-01]
H04L 7/0272
. . .
{with squaring loop} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0274
. . .
{with Costas loop} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0276
. . .
{Self-sustaining, e.g. by tuned delay line and a feedback path to a logical gate} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0278
. . .
{Band edge detection} [2013-01]
H04L 7/033
. .
using the transitions of the received signal to control the phase of the synchronising-signal-generating means, e.g. using a phase-locked loop [2013-01]
H04L 7/0331
. . .
{with a digital phase-locked loop [PLL] processing binary samples, e.g. add/subtract logic for correction of receiver clock (H04L 7/0337 takes precedence)} [2022-02]
H04L 7/0332
. . .
{with an integrator-detector} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0334
. . .
{Processing of samples having at least three levels, e.g. soft decisions} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0335
. . . .
{Gardner detector} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0337
. . .
{Selecting between two or more discretely delayed clocks or selecting between two or more discretely delayed received code signals} [2013-01]
H04L 7/0338
. . . .
{the correction of the phase error being performed by a feed forward loop} [2013-01]
H04L 7/04
.
Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals {(H04L 7/0075 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 7/041
. .
{using special codes as synchronising signal} [2013-01]
H04L 7/042
. . .
{Detectors therefor, e.g. correlators, state machines (digital correlators in general G06F 17/15)} [2013-01]
H04L 7/043
. . .
{Pseudo-noise [PN] codes variable during transmission (synchronisation of spread spectrum receivers H04B 1/69)} [2013-01]
H04L 7/044
. . .
{using a single bit, e.g. start stop bit} [2013-01]
H04L 2007/045
. . .
{Fill bit or bits, idle words} [2013-01]
H04L 7/046
. . .
{using a dotting sequence} [2013-01]
H04L 2007/047
. . .
{using a sine signal or unmodulated carrier} [2013-01]
H04L 7/048
. .
{using the properties of error detecting or error correcting codes, e.g. parity as synchronisation signal} [2013-01]
H04L 7/06
. .
the synchronisation signals differing from the information signals in amplitude, polarity or frequency {or length} [2021-08]
H04L 7/065
. . .
{and superimposed by modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 7/08
. .
the synchronisation signals recurring cyclically [2013-01]
H04L 7/10
. .
Arrangements for initial synchronisation [2018-05]
​
H04L 9/00
{Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic} arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols [2022-05]
NOTES

  • This group covers:
    • 1.1 Cryptographic mechanisms including cryptographic protocols and cryptographic algorithms, whereby a cryptographic protocol is a distributed cryptographic algorithm defined by a sequence of steps precisely specifying the actions required of two or more entities to achieve specific security objectives (e.g. cryptographic protocol for key agreement), and whereby a cryptographic algorithm is specifying the steps followed by a single entity to achieve specific security objectives (e.g. cryptographic algorithm for symmetric key encryption).
    • 1.2 H04L 9/00 focuses on cryptographic mechanisms such as encryption schemes, digital signatures, hash functions, random number generation, key management, said cryptographic mechanisms providing information security such as privacy or confidentiality, data integrity, message authentication, entity authentication, authorization, validation, certification, time-stamping, anonymity, revocation, non-repudiation.
    • 1.3 H04L 9/00 covers also countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms.
  • This group does not cover:
    • 2.1 Networking architectures or network communication protocols for securing the traffic flowing through data packet networks and providing secure exchanges among applications communicating through data packet networks, which are covered by H04L 63/00. Attention is drawn to the Note 1. after group H04L 63/00
    • 2.2 Security arrangements for protecting computers or computer systems against unauthorised activity, which are covered by G06F 21/00
  • In subgroups H04L 9/001 - H04L 9/38, the last place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place.
H04L 9/001
.
{using chaotic signals} [2013-01]
H04L 9/002
.
{Countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms (network architectures or network communication protocols for protection against malicious traffic H04L 63/1441)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/003
. .
{for power analysis, e.g. differential power analysis [DPA] or simple power analysis [SPA]} [2013-01]
H04L 9/004
. .
{for fault attacks} [2013-01]
H04L 9/005
. .
{for timing attacks} [2013-01]
H04L 9/006
.
{involving public key infrastructure [PKI] trust models (network architecture or network communication protocol for supporting authentication of entities using certificates in a packet data network H04L 63/0823)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/007
. .
{involving hierarchical structures} [2013-01]
H04L 9/008
.
{involving homomorphic encryption} [2013-01]
H04L 9/06
.
the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise {or stream} coding, e.g. DES systems {or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0618
. .
{Block ciphers, i.e. encrypting groups of characters of a plain text message using fixed encryption transformation} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0625
. . .
{with splitting of the data block into left and right halves, e.g. Feistel based algorithms, DES, FEAL, IDEA or KASUMI} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0631
. . .
{Substitution permutation network [SPN], i.e. cipher composed of a number of stages or rounds each involving linear and nonlinear transformations, e.g. AES algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0637
. . .
{Modes of operation, e.g. cipher block chaining [CBC], electronic codebook [ECB] or Galois/counter mode [GCM]} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0643
. .
{Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC} [2013-01]
H04L 9/065
. .
{Encryption by serially and continuously modifying data stream elements, e.g. stream cipher systems, RC4, SEAL or A5/3} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0656
. . .
{Pseudorandom key sequence combined element-for-element with data sequence, e.g. one-time-pad [OTP] or Vernam's cipher} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0662
. . . .
{with particular pseudorandom sequence generator} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0668
. . . . .
{producing a non-linear pseudorandom sequence} [2013-01]
H04L 9/08
.
Key distribution {or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords (network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting key management in a packet data network H04L 63/06)} [2017-08]
H04L 9/0816
. .
{Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0819
. . .
{Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s) (network architectures or network communication protocols for key distribution in a packet data network H04L 63/062)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0822
. . . .
{using key encryption key} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0825
. . . .
{using asymmetric-key encryption or public key infrastructure [PKI], e.g. key signature or public key certificates} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0827
. . . .
{involving distinctive intermediate devices or communication paths (network architectures or network communication protocols using different networks H04L 63/18)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/083
. . . .
{involving central third party, e.g. key distribution center [KDC] or trusted third party [TTP]} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0833
. . . . .
{involving conference or group key (network architectures or network communication protocols for key management in group communication in a packet data network H04L 63/065)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0836
. . . . . .
{using tree structure or hierarchical structure} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0838
. . .
{Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these (network architectures or network communication protocols for key exchange in a packet data network H04L 63/061)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0841
. . . .
{involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0844
. . . . .
{with user authentication or key authentication, e.g. ElGamal, MTI, MQV-Menezes-Qu-Vanstone protocol or Diffie-Hellman protocols using implicitly-certified keys} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0847
. . . .
{involving identity based encryption [IBE] schemes} [2013-01]
H04L 9/085
. . .
{Secret sharing or secret splitting, e.g. threshold schemes} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0852
. . .
{Quantum cryptography (transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. light, infrared H04B 10/00; wavelength-division multiplex systems H04J 14/02; WDM arrangements H04J 14/03)} [2023-08]
H04L 9/0855
. . . .
{involving additional nodes, e.g. quantum relays, repeaters, intermediate nodes or remote nodes} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0858
. . . .
{Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0861
. .
{Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0863
. . .
{involving passwords or one-time passwords (network architectures or network communication protocols for using one-time keys in a packet data network H04L 63/067)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0866
. . .
{involving user or device identifiers, e.g. serial number, physical or biometrical information, DNA, hand-signature or measurable physical characteristics} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0869
. . .
{involving random numbers or seeds} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0872
. . .
{using geo-location information, e.g. location data, time, relative position or proximity to other entities} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0875
. . .
{based on channel impulse response [CIR]} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0877
. . .
{using additional device, e.g. trusted platform module [TPM], smartcard, USB or hardware security module [HSM]} [2013-01]
H04L 9/088
. .
{Usage controlling of secret information, e.g. techniques for restricting cryptographic keys to pre-authorized uses, different access levels, validity of crypto-period, different key- or password length, or different strong and weak cryptographic algorithms (network architectures or network communication protocols for using time-dependent keys in a packet data network H04L 63/068)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0891
. .
{Revocation or update of secret information, e.g. encryption key update or rekeying} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0894
. .
{Escrow, recovery or storing of secret information, e.g. secret key escrow or cryptographic key storage} [2013-01]
H04L 9/0897
. . .
{involving additional devices, e.g. trusted platform module [TPM], smartcard or USB} [2013-01]
H04L 9/10
.
with particular housing, physical features or manual controls [2019-05]
H04L 9/12
.
Transmitting and receiving encryption devices synchronised or initially set up in a particular manner [2013-01]
H04L 9/14
.
using a plurality of keys or algorithms [2022-08]
H04L 9/16
. .
the keys or algorithms being changed during operation [2013-01]
H04L 9/30
.
Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy [2017-08]
H04L 9/3006
. .
{underlying computational problems or public-key parameters} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3013
. . .
{involving the discrete logarithm problem, e.g. ElGamal or Diffie-Hellman systems} [2013-01]
H04L 9/302
. . .
{involving the integer factorization problem, e.g. RSA or quadratic sieve [QS] schemes} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3026
. . .
{details relating to polynomials generation, e.g. generation of irreducible polynomials} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3033
. . .
{details relating to pseudo-prime or prime number generation, e.g. primality test} [2013-01]
H04L 9/304
. .
{based on error correction codes, e.g. McEliece} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3066
. .
{involving algebraic varieties, e.g. elliptic or hyper-elliptic curves} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3073
. . .
{involving pairings, e.g. identity based encryption [IBE], bilinear mappings or bilinear pairings, e.g. Weil or Tate pairing} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3093
. .
{involving Lattices or polynomial equations, e.g. NTRU scheme} [2013-01]
H04L 9/32
.
including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system {or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials} [2022-08]
H04L 9/321
. .
{involving a third party or a trusted authority} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3213
. . .
{using tickets or tokens, e.g. Kerberos (network architectures or network communication protocols for entities authentication using tickets in a packet data network H04L 63/0807)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3215
. .
{using a plurality of channels (network architectures or network communication protocols using different networks H04L 63/18)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3218
. .
{using proof of knowledge, e.g. Fiat-Shamir, GQ, Schnorr, ornon-interactive zero-knowledge proofs} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3221
. . .
{interactive zero-knowledge proofs} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3226
. .
{using a predetermined code, e.g. password, passphrase or PIN (network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using passwords in a packet data network H04L 63/083)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3228
. . .
{One-time or temporary data, i.e. information which is sent for every authentication or authorization, e.g. one-time-password, one-time-token or one-time-key} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3231
. . .
{Biological data, e.g. fingerprint, voice or retina (network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using biometrical features in a packet data network H04L 63/0861)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3234
. .
{involving additional secure or trusted devices, e.g. TPM, smartcard, USB or software token (network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using an additional device in a packet data network H04L 63/0853)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3236
. .
{using cryptographic hash functions} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3239
. . .
{involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3242
. . .
{involving keyed hash functions, e.g. message authentication codes [MACs], CBC-MAC or HMAC} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3247
. .
{involving digital signatures} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3249
. . .
{using RSA or related signature schemes, e.g. Rabin scheme} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3252
. . .
{using DSA or related signature schemes, e.g. elliptic based signatures, ElGamal or Schnorr schemes} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3255
. . .
{using group based signatures, e.g. ring or threshold signatures} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3257
. . .
{using blind signatures} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3263
. .
{involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements (network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using certificates in a packet data network H04L 63/0823)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3265
. . .
{using certificate chains, trees or paths; Hierarchical trust model} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3268
. . .
{using certificate validation, registration, distribution or revocation, e.g. certificate revocation list [CRL]} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3271
. .
{using challenge-response} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3273
. . .
{for mutual authentication (network architectures or network communication protocols for achieving mutual authentication in a packet data network H04L 63/0869)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3278
. . .
{using physically unclonable functions [PUF]} [2013-01]
H04L 9/3297
. .
{involving time stamps, e.g. generation of time stamps} [2013-01]
H04L 9/34
.
Bits, or blocks of bits, of the telegraphic message being interchanged in time {(for speech signals H04K 1/06)} [2013-01]
H04L 9/36
.
with means for detecting characters not meant for transmission [2013-01]
H04L 9/38
.
Encryption being effected by mechanical apparatus, e.g. rotating cams, switches, keytape punchers [2013-01]
​​
H04L 9/40
.
Network security protocols [2022-05]
NOTE

  • {When allocating H04L 9/40 to patent documents, attention should be made to check whether other subgroups from H04L 63/00 need to be allocated also for a complete classification.}
WARNING

H04L 9/50
.
{using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees} [2022-05]
H04L 12/00
Data switching networks (interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units G06F 13/00) [2013-01]
H04L 12/02
.
Details [2013-01]
H04L 12/04
. .
Switchboards [2013-01]
H04L 12/06
. .
Answer-back mechanisms or circuits [2013-01]
H04L 12/08
. .
Allotting numbers to messages; Counting characters, words or messages [2017-08]
H04L 12/10
. .
Current supply arrangements [2013-01]
H04L 12/12
. .
Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof [2013-01]
H04L 12/14
. .
Charging {, metering or billing} arrangements {for data wireline or wireless communications} [2021-08]
H04L 12/1403
. . .
{Architecture for metering, charging or billing} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1407
. . . .
{Policy-and-charging control [PCC] architecture} [2013-01]
H04L 12/141
. . .
{Indication of costs} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1414
. . . .
{in real-time} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1417
. . . . .
{Advice of charge with threshold, e.g. user indicating maximum cost} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1421
. . . .
{Indication of expected costs} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1425
. . .
{involving dedicated fields in the data packet for billing purposes} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1428
. . .
{Invoice generation, e.g. customization, lay-out, database processing, algorithms for calculating the bill or formatting invoices as WWW pages (invoicing in general G06Q 30/04)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1432
. . .
{Metric aspects} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1435
. . . .
{volume-based} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1439
. . . .
{time-based} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1442
. . .
{at network operator level} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1446
. . . .
{inter-operator billing} [2013-01]
H04L 12/145
. . . .
{trading network capacity or selecting route based on tariff} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1453
. . .
{Methods or systems for payment or settlement of the charges for data transmission involving significant interaction with the data transmission network} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1457
. . . .
{using an account} [2013-01]
H04L 12/146
. . . .
{using digital cash} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1464
. . . .
{using a card, such as credit card, prepay card or SIM} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1467
. . . .
{involving prepayment} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1471
. . . .
{splitting of costs} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1475
. . . . .
{the splitting involving a third party} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1478
. . . . .
{the splitting involving only the communication parties} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1482
. . . .
{involving use of telephony infrastructure for billing for the transport of data, e.g. call detail record [CDR] or intelligent network infrastructure} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1485
. . .
{Tariff-related aspects} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1489
. . . .
{dependent on congestion} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1492
. . . .
{negotiation of tariff} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1496
. . . .
{involving discounts} [2013-01]
H04L 12/16
. .
Arrangements for providing special services to substations [2019-05]
H04L 12/18
. . .
for broadcast or conference {, e.g. multicast} [2021-08]
H04L 12/1804
. . . .
{for stock exchange and similar applications} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1809
. . . .
{for auctioneering devices} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1813
. . . .
{for computer conferences, e.g. chat rooms (instant messaging H04L 51/04; protocols for multimedia communication H04L 65/1101; arrangements for multi-party communication H04L 65/403; telephonic conference arrangements H04M 3/56; television conference systems H04N 7/15)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/1818
. . . . .
{Conference organisation arrangements, e.g. handling schedules, setting up parameters needed by nodes to attend a conference, booking network resources, notifying involved parties} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1822
. . . . .
{Conducting the conference, e.g. admission, detection, selection or grouping of participants, correlating users to one or more conference sessions, prioritising transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1827
. . . . .
{Network arrangements for conference optimisation or adaptation} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1831
. . . . .
{Tracking arrangements for later retrieval, e.g. recording contents, participants activities or behavior, network status} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1836
. . . .
{with heterogeneous network architecture} [2013-01]
H04L 12/184
. . . . .
{with heterogeneous receivers, e.g. layered multicast} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1845
. . . .
{broadcast or multicast in a specific location, e.g. geocast (protocols for adapting network applications to user terminal location H04L 67/52; services specially adapted for wireless communication networks making use of the location of users or terminals H04W 4/02)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/185
. . . .
{with management of multicast group membership} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1854
. . . .
{with non-centralised forwarding system, e.g. chaincast} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1859
. . . .
{adapted to provide push services, e.g. data channels} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1863
. . . .
{comprising mechanisms for improved reliability, e.g. status reports (arrangements for detecting or preventing errors by carrying supervisory signal the return channel H04L 1/16)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1868
. . . . .
{Measures taken after transmission, e.g. acknowledgments} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1872
. . . . . .
{avoiding ACK or NACK implosion} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1877
. . . . .
{Measures taken prior to transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1881
. . . .
{with schedule organisation, e.g. priority, sequence management} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1886
. . . .
{with traffic restrictions for efficiency improvement, e.g. involving subnets or subdomains} [2013-01]
H04L 12/189
. . . .
{in combination with wireless systems (selective distribution or broadcast in wireless communication networks H04W 4/06)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/1895
. . . .
{for short real-time information, e.g. alarms, notifications, alerts, updates} [2013-01]
H04L 12/22
. .
Arrangements for preventing the taking of data from a data transmission channel without authorisation (means for verifying the identity or the authority of a user of a secure or secret communication system H04L 9/32) [2013-01]
H04L 12/28
.
characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks] (wireless communication networks H04W {; arrangements for dividing the transmission path H04W 40/00}) [2021-08]
H04L 12/2801
. .
{Broadband local area networks} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2803
. .
{Home automation networks} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2805
. . .
{Home Audio Video Interoperability [HAVI] networks} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2807
. . .
{Exchanging configuration information on appliance services in a home automation network (arrangements for maintenance or administration involving network analysis for automatically determining the actual topology of a network H04L 41/12; hardware or software tools for network management using graphical user interfaces H04L 41/22; address allocation H04L 61/50)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/2809
. . . .
{indicating that an appliance service is present in a home automation network (monitoring functionality H04L 43/0817; discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services, H04L 67/51)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/281
. . . .
{indicating a format for calling an appliance service function in a home automation network (for remote control or remote monitoring of applications H04L 67/025)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/2812
. . . .
{describing content present in a home automation network, e.g. audio video content (retrieval from the Internet G06F 16/95)} [2019-01]
H04L 12/2814
. . . .
{Exchanging control software or macros for controlling appliance services in a home automation network (arrangements for maintenance or administration involving configuration of the network and network elements H04L 41/08)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/2816
. . .
{Controlling appliance services of a home automation network by calling their functionalities (arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station; in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom H04Q 9/00)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2818
. . . .
{from a device located outside both the home and the home network (access arrangements H04L 12/2856; for remote control or remote monitoring of applications H04L 67/025; arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless eletrical link G08C 17/00; telephonic communication systems adapted for combination with remote control systems H04M 11/007)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/282
. . . .
{based on user interaction within the home (receiver circuitry for displaying additional information being controlled by a remote control apparatus H04N 21/42204)} [2020-08]
H04L 12/2821
. . . .
{Avoiding conflicts related to the use of home appliances (cryptographic protocols H04L 9/00; protocols for network security H04L 63/00)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/2823
. . .
{Reporting information sensed by appliance or service execution status of appliance services in a home automation network (device-related reporting H04L 43/065; arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom H04Q 9/00)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2825
. . . .
{Reporting to a device located outside the home and the home network (access arrangements H04L 12/2856; for remote control or remote monitoring of applications H04L 67/025; telephonic communication systems adapted for combination with telemetering systems H04M 11/002)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/2827
. . . .
{Reporting to a device within the home network; wherein the reception of the information reported automatically triggers the execution of a home appliance functionality} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2829
. . . . .
{involving user profiles according to which the execution of a home appliance functionality is automatically triggered} [2013-01]
H04L 12/283
. . .
{Processing of data at an internetworking point of a home automation network} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2832
. . . .
{Interconnection of the control functionalities between home networks (single bridge functionality H04L 12/4625)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2834
. . . .
{Switching of information between an external network and a home network (access arrangements H04L 12/2856)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2836
. . . .
{Protocol conversion between an external network and a home network (controlling appliance services of a home automation network from a device located outside the home and the home network H04L 12/2818; protocol conversion H04L 69/08; adaptation of digital video signals for transport over a specific home network H04N 7/24)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/2838
. . .
{Distribution of signals within a home automation network, e.g. involving splitting/multiplexing signals to/from different paths (adaptations of television systems for transmission by electric cable for domestic distribution H04N 7/106; hybrid transport H04L 12/6418; home network arrangements specially adapted for distribution of digital video signals H04N 7/24)} [2015-07]
H04L 2012/284
. . .
{characterised by the type of medium used} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/2841
. . . .
{Wireless} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/2843
. . . .
{Mains power line} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/2845
. . . .
{Telephone line} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/2847
. . .
{characterised by the type of home appliance used} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/2849
. . . .
{Audio/video appliances} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/285
. . . .
{Generic home appliances, e.g. refrigerators} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2852
. .
{Metropolitan area networks} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2854
. .
{Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks} [2013-01]
​
H04L 12/2856
. . .
{Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access (asynchronous transfer mode networks H04L 12/5601; broadband local area networks H04L 12/2801; optical access or distribution networks H04Q 11/0067; access to open networks H04L 12/5691; digital subscriber line end-user equipment and bit-level processing of data on a PSTN-based network H04M 11/00; home network gateways H04L 12/2834; wireless access networks H04W)} [2019-01]
NOTES

  • This group covers:
    • access to a public data network, such as an IP network, for subscribers, i.e. customers of a network service provider, over a wired network.
    • communication of generic types of data between end-user equipments, located typically at the subscriber premises, and an access server, which acts as interface between the access network and the public data network.
  • This group does not cover:
    • wireless access networks, which are covered by H04W
    • optical distribution networks, which are covered by H04Q 11/0067
    • bit-level, or PHY layer, processing of data between digital subscriber line equipments, which is covered by H04M 11/06
    • design of DSL, digital subscriber line, modems, which is covered by H04M 11/06
    • exchange of data related to functionalities of home network appliances between a home network and an external network, which is covered by H04L 12/2803
    • management of WDM parameters in optical multiplex systems, which is covered by H04J 14/02
    • circuit-switched access networks, which are covered by H04M 7/1205
    • access arrangements for providing telephone service in networks other than PSTN/ISDN, which are covered by H04M 7/0066
  • In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
    • ATM means Asynchronous Transfer Mode
    • LAN means Local Area Network
    • BRAS means Broadband Remote Access Server
    • DSLAM means Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
    • MSAN means MultiService Access Node
    • DSL means Digital Subscriber Line
    • IP means Internet Protocol
    • WDM means Wavelength Division Multiplexing
    • SDH means Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
    • OTN means Optical Transport Network
    • PSTN means Public Switched Telephone Network
    • ISDN means Integrated Services Digital Network
    • TDM means Time-Division Multiplexing
    • TDMA means Time Division Multiple Access
H04L 12/2858
. . . .
{Access network architectures} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2859
. . . . .
{Point-to-point connection between the data network and the subscribers (encapsulation H04L 12/4633; virtual LANs H04L 12/4641; routing of packets H04L 45/00)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/2861
. . . . .
{Point-to-multipoint connection from the data network to the subscribers} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2863
. . . .
{Arrangements for combining access network resources elements, e.g. channel bonding (modem pooling H04L 25/14; routing of packets H04L 45/00; multichannel or multilink protocols H04L 69/14)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/2865
. . . . .
{Logical combinations} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2867
. . . . .
{Physical combinations} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2869
. . . .
{Operational details of access network equipments (admission control or resource allocation in access networks H04L 12/5692)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/287
. . . . .
{Remote access server, e.g. BRAS} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2872
. . . . . .
{Termination of subscriber connections} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2874
. . . . . .
{Processing of data for distribution to the subscribers} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2876
. . . . . .
{Handling of subscriber policies (group policies management H04L 41/0893)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/2878
. . . . .
{Access multiplexer, e.g. DSLAM (generic distributed time multiplexers, e.g. TDM/TDMA H04J 3/1694)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2879
. . . . . .
{characterised by the network type on the uplink side, i.e. towards the service provider network} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2881
. . . . . . .
{IP/Ethernet DSLAM} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2883
. . . . . . .
{ATM DSLAM} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2885
. . . . . . .
{Arrangements interfacing with optical systems (optical network equipment H04B 10/00; optical multiplexers H04J 14/05 and H04J 14/07)} [2023-08]
H04L 12/2887
. . . . . .
{characterised by the offered subscriber services} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2889
. . . . . . .
{Multiservice, e.g. MSAN} [2013-01]
H04L 12/289
. . . . . . .
{Single service} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2892
. . . . . .
{characterised by the access multiplexer architecture} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2894
. . . . . . .
{Centralized processing} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2896
. . . . . . .
{Distributed processing, e.g. on line cards} [2013-01]
H04L 12/2898
. . . . .
{Subscriber equipments (DSL modems H04M 11/062; cable modems H04L 12/2801)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40
. .
Bus networks [2013-01]
​
H04L 12/40006
. . .
{Architecture of a communication node (current supply arrangements H04L 12/10; intermediate storage or scheduling H04L 49/90)} [2017-05]
NOTE

  • In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
    • a bus controller is a microprocessor dedicated to input and output of data by a node on a bus;
    • a bus master is a device controlling which node accesses the bus at a particular time;
    • a bus guardian is a device monitoring the timing of node accesses on the bus;
    • a bus interface enhancer is a hardware or software arrangement managing the bus controller or the bus interface to modify its behaviour or providing a transparent interface to the bus controller
H04L 12/40013
. . . .
{Details regarding a bus controller} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40019
. . . .
{Details regarding a bus master} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40026
. . . .
{Details regarding a bus guardian} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40032
. . . .
{Details regarding a bus interface enhancer} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40039
. . . .
{Details regarding the setting of the power status of a node according to activity on the bus} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40045
. . . .
{Details regarding the feeding of energy to the node from the bus} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40052
. . .
{High-speed IEEE 1394 serial bus (bus transfer protocol on a daisy chain bus using an embedded synchronisation G06F 13/426)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40058
. . . .
{Isochronous transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40065
. . . .
{Bandwidth and channel allocation (home automation networks H04L 12/2803; flow control H04L 47/10)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/40071
. . . .
{Packet processing; Packet format (adaptation of digital video signals for transport over a specific network H04N 21/2381, H04N 21/4363, H04N 21/4381; packet switches H04L 49/00; intermediate storage or scheduling H04L 49/90)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/40078
. . . .
{Bus configuration (home automation networks H04L 12/2803; arrangements for maintenance or administration H04L 41/00)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/40084
. . . .
{Bus arbitration} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40091
. . . .
{Bus bridging (LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L 12/462; single bridge functionality H04L 12/462)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40097
. . . .
{Interconnection with other networks (LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L 12/462; single bridge functionality H04L 12/462)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40104
. . . .
{Security; Encryption; Content protection (cryptographic protocols H04L 9/00; protocols for network security H04L 63/00)} [2022-05]
H04L 12/40117
. . . .
{Interconnection of audio or video/imaging devices (home automation networks H04L 12/2803; bitstream network arrangements specially adapted for distribution of digital video signals H04N 7/24)} [2015-07]
H04L 12/40123
. . . .
{Interconnection of computers and peripherals (printer information exchange with computer G06F 3/1293)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4013
. . .
{Management of data rate on the bus (systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality H04L 1/0001)} [2021-01]
H04L 12/40136
. . . .
{Nodes adapting their rate to the physical link properties (LAN switches H04L 49/351)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40143
. . .
{involving priority mechanisms (hybrid switching fabrics H04L 12/6402; intermediate storage or scheduling H04L 49/90; time-division multiplex systems H04J 3/00)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/4015
. . . .
{by scheduling the transmission of messages at the communication node} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40156
. . . .
{by using dedicated slots associated with a priority level} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40163
. . . .
{by assigning priority to messages according to a message field} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40169
. . .
{Flexible bus arrangements (arrangements for maintenance or administration involving management of faults; events, alarms H04L 41/06; automatic restoration of network faults H04L 41/0654)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/40176
. . . .
{involving redundancy (error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking in interconnections G06F 11/2002; error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking in storage systems using spares or by reconfiguring G06F 11/2053)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40182
. . . . .
{by using a plurality of communication lines} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40189
. . . . .
{by using a plurality of bus systems} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40195
. . . . .
{by using a plurality of nodes} [2013-01]
H04L 12/40202
. . . . .
{by using a plurality of master stations} [2013-01]
​
H04L 2012/40208
. . .
{characterized by the use of a particular bus standard} [2013-01]
NOTE

  • In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
    • Controller-area network (CAN or CAN-bus) designates a computer network protocol and bus standard developed in 1983 by Intel Corporation and Robert Bosch GmbH to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other without a host computer;
    • PROFIBUS (Process Field Bus) designatesa standard for field bus communication in automation technology first implemented in 1989 by BMBF, the german department of education and research;
    • Modbus designates a serial communications protocol published by Modicon in 1979 for use with its programmable logic controller;
    • LIN-Bus (Local Interconnect Network) designates a computer networking bus-system released in 1999 used within current automotive network architectures;
    • FlexRay designates an automotive network communications protocol developed by the FlexRay Consortium;
    • LON or LonWorks designates a network standard operating on twisted pair or electrical wiring or coaxial cable and used for building automation;
    • ASI or AS-Interface (Actuator Sensor Interface) designates the simplest of the industrial networking protocols used in programmable logic controller systems
H04L 2012/40215
. . . .
{Controller Area Network CAN} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40221
. . . .
{Profibus} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40228
. . . .
{Modbus} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40234
. . . .
{Local Interconnect Network LIN} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40241
. . . .
{Flexray} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40247
. . . .
{LON} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40254
. . . .
{Actuator Sensor Interface ASI} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/4026
. . .
{Bus for use in automation systems} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40267
. . .
{Bus for use in transportation systems} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40273
. . . .
{the transportation system being a vehicle} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/4028
. . . .
{the transportation system being an aircraft} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40286
. . . .
{the transportation system being a waterborne vessel} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/40293
. . . .
{the transportation system being a train} [2013-01]
H04L 12/403
. . .
with centralised control, e.g. polling [2013-01]
H04L 12/4035
. . . .
{in which slots of a TDMA packet structure are assigned based on a contention resolution carried out at a master unit (TDM/TDMA multiplex systems per se H04J 3/1694; hybrid switching systems H04L 12/64)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/407
. . .
with decentralised control [2013-01]
H04L 12/413
. . . .
with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection (CSMA-CD) [2013-01]
H04L 12/4135
. . . . .
{using bit-wise arbitration} [2013-01]
H04L 12/417
. . . .
with deterministic access, e.g. token passing [2013-01]
H04L 12/42
. .
Loop networks [2013-01]
H04L 2012/421
. . .
{Interconnected ring systems} [2013-01]
H04L 12/422
. . .
{Synchronisation for ring networks (Time Division Multiplex ring networks, e.g. SDH/SONET H04J 3/085)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/423
. . .
with centralised control, e.g. polling [2013-01]
H04L 12/427
. . .
with decentralised control [2013-01]
H04L 12/43
. . . .
with synchronous transmission, e.g. time division multiplex [TDM], slotted rings [2013-01]
H04L 12/433
. . . .
with asynchronous transmission, e.g. token ring, register insertion [2013-01]
H04L 12/437
. . .
Ring fault isolation or reconfiguration {(for SDH/SONET ring networks H04J 3/085)} [2013-01]
H04L 12/44
. .
Star or tree networks [2013-01]
H04L 2012/445
. . .
{with switching in a hub, e.g. ETHERNET switch} [2013-01]
H04L 12/46
. .
Interconnection of networks [2013-01]
H04L 12/4604
. . .
{LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4608
. . . .
{LAN interconnection over ATM networks} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4612
. . . .
{LAN interconnection over narrowband networks, e.g. N-ISDN, PSTN, X.25} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4616
. . . .
{LAN interconnection over a LAN backbone} [2013-01]
H04L 12/462
. . . .
{LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4625
. . . . .
{Single bridge functionality, e.g. connection of two networks over a single bridge} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/4629
. . . .
{using multilayer switching, e.g. layer 3 switching} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4633
. . .
{Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4637
. . .
{Interconnected ring systems} [2013-01]
​
H04L 12/4641
. . .
{Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN] (LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone H04L 12/462; encapsulation techniques H04L 12/4633; routing of packets H04L 45/00; packet switches H04L 49/00; virtual private networks for security H04L 63/0272)} [2022-05]
NOTES

  • {This group covers:
    • a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location.
    }
  • {This group does not cover:
    • group multicasting, which is covered by group H04L 12/18
    • configuration of switches supporting VLANs, which is covered by group H04L 41/08
    • multiprotocol label switching [MPLS], which is covered by group H04L 45/00
    • spanning tree protocols [STP], which are covered by group H04L 12/462
    • arrangements for network security, which are covered by group H04L 63/0272
    • encapsulation techniques, which are covered by group H04L 12/4633
    • access arrangements, which are covered by group H04L 12/2856
    }
  • {In this group the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
    • B-Tag means Backbone VLAN Tag
    • C-Tag means Customer VLAN Tag
    • GARP means Generic Attribute Registration Protocol
    • GVRP means GARP VLAN Registration Protocol
    • I-SID means Service Instance Identifier
    • MVRP means Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol
    • PBB means Provider Backbone Bridges
    • S-Tag means Service VLAN Tag
    • VLAN means Virtual Local Area Network
    • VPN means Virtual Private Network
    • VTP means VLAN Trunking Protocol
    }
H04L 12/4645
. . . .
{Details on frame tagging (routing of packets H04L 45/00; support for virtual LAN H04L 49/354)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/465
. . . . .
{wherein a single frame includes a plurality of VLAN tags} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4654
. . . . . .
{wherein a VLAN tag represents a customer VLAN, e.g. C-Tag} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4658
. . . . . .
{wherein a VLAN tag represents a service provider backbone VLAN, e.g. B-Tag, S-Tag} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4662
. . . . . .
{wherein a VLAN tag represents a service instance, e.g. I-SID in PBB} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4666
. . . . .
{Operational details on the addition or the stripping of a tag in a frame, e.g. at a provider edge node} [2013-01]
H04L 12/467
. . . .
{Arrangements for supporting untagged frames, e.g. port-based VLANs} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4675
. . . .
{Dynamic sharing of VLAN information amongst network nodes (configuration of the network or of network elements H04L 41/08)} [2017-05]
H04L 12/4679
. . . . .
{Arrangements for the registration or de-registration of VLAN attribute values, e.g. VLAN identifiers, port VLAN membership} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4683
. . . . .
{characterized by the protocol used} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4687
. . . . . .
{MVRP [multiple VLAN registration protocol]} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4691
. . . . . .
{GVRP [GARP VLAN registration protocol]} [2013-01]
H04L 12/4695
. . . . . .
{VTP [VLAN trunking protocol]} [2013-01]
H04L 12/50
.
Circuit switching systems, i.e. systems in which the path is physically permanent during the communication [2014-02]
H04L 12/52
. .
using time division techniques (in digital transmission systems H04L 5/22) [2013-01]
H04L 12/525
. . .
{involving a stored program control} [2013-01]
H04L 12/54
.
Store-and-forward switching systems  (packet switching systems H04L 45/00, H04L 47/00) [2022-05]
H04L 12/56
. .
{Packet switching systems} [2013-01]
H04L 12/5601
. . .
{Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM} [2013-01]
H04L 12/5602
. . . .
{Bandwidth control in ATM Networks, e.g. leaky bucket} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/5603
. . . .
{Access techniques} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5604
. . . . .
{Medium of transmission, e.g. fibre, cable, radio} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5605
. . . . . .
{Fibre} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5606
. . . . . .
{Metallic} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5607
. . . . . .
{Radio} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5608
. . . . . .
{Satellite} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5609
. . . . .
{Topology} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/561
. . . . . .
{Star, e.g. cross-connect, concentrator, subscriber group equipment, remote electronics} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5612
. . . . . .
{Ring} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5613
. . . . . .
{Bus (including DQDB)} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5614
. . . .
{User Network Interface} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5615
. . . . .
{Network termination, e.g. NT1, NT2, PBX} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5616
. . . . .
{Terminal equipment, e.g. codecs, synch.} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5617
. . . . .
{Virtual LANs; Emulation of LANs} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5618
. . . . .
{Bridges, gateways [GW] or interworking units [IWU]} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5619
. . . .
{Network Node Interface, e.g. tandem connections, transit switching} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/562
. . . . .
{Routing} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5621
. . . . .
{Virtual private network [VPN]; Private-network - network-interface (P-NNI)} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5623
. . . . .
{Network design, dimensioning, topology or optimisation} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5624
. . . . .
{Path aspects, e.g. path bundling} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5625
. . . .
{Operations, administration and maintenance [OAM]} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5626
. . . . .
{Network management, e.g. Intelligent nets} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5627
. . . . .
{Fault tolerance and recovery} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5628
. . . .
{Testing} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5629
. . . .
{Admission control} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/563
. . . . .
{Signalling, e.g. protocols, reference model} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5631
. . . . .
{Resource management and allocation} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5632
. . . . . .
{Bandwidth allocation} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5634
. . . . . . .
{In-call negotiation} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5635
. . . . . . .
{Backpressure, e.g. for ABR} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5636
. . . . . .
{Monitoring or policing, e.g. compliance with allocated rate, corrective actions} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5637
. . . . . . .
{Leaky Buckets} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5638
. . . .
{Services, e.g. multimedia, GOS, QOS} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5639
. . . . .
{Tariffs or charging} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/564
. . . . .
{Connection-oriented} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5641
. . . . . .
{Unicast/point-to-point} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5642
. . . . . .
{Multicast/broadcast/point-multipoint, e.g. VOD} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5643
. . . . . .
{Concast/multipoint-to-point} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5645
. . . . .
{Connectionless} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5646
. . . . .
{Cell characteristics, e.g. loss, delay, jitter, sequence integrity} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5647
. . . . . .
{Cell loss} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5648
. . . . . . .
{Packet discarding, e.g. EPD, PTD} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5649
. . . . . .
{Cell delay or jitter} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/565
. . . . . .
{Sequence integrity} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5651
. . . . . .
{Priority, marking, classes} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5652
. . . . . .
{Cell construction, e.g. including header, packetisation, depacketisation, assembly, reassembly} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5653
. . . . . . .
{using the ATM adaptation layer [AAL]} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5654
. . . . . . . .
{using the AAL1} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5656
. . . . . . . .
{using the AAL2} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5657
. . . . . . . .
{using the AAL3/4} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5658
. . . . . . . .
{using the AAL5} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5659
. . . . . . . .
{usint the AALX} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/566
. . . . . . .
{using the ATM layer} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5661
. . . . . . . .
{Minicells} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5662
. . . . . . . .
{Macrocells or frames} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5663
. . . . .
{Support of N-ISDN} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5664
. . . . .
{Support of Video, e.g. MPEG} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5665
. . . . .
{Interaction of ATM with other protocols} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5667
. . . . . .
{IP over ATM} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5668
. . . . . .
{Next hop resolution protocol [NHRP]} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5669
. . . . . .
{Multiprotocol over ATM [MPOA]} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/567
. . . . . .
{Frame Relay over ATM} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5671
. . . . .
{Support of voice} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5672
. . . .
{Multiplexing, e.g. coding, scrambling} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5673
. . . . .
{Coding or scrambling} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5674
. . . . .
{Synchronisation, timing recovery or alignment} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5675
. . . . .
{Timeslot assignment, e.g. TDMA} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5676
. . . . .
{Code Division Multiple Access [CDMA]} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5678
. . . .
{Traffic aspects, e.g. arbitration, load balancing, smoothing, buffer management} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5679
. . . . .
{Arbitration or scheduling} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/568
. . . . .
{Load balancing, smoothing or shaping} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5681
. . . . .
{Buffer or queue management} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5682
. . . . . .
{Threshold; Watermark} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5683
. . . . . .
{for avoiding head of line blocking} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5684
. . . . .
{Characteristics of traffic flows} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5685
. . . .
{Addressing issues} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5686
. . . .
{Use of neural networks} [2022-01]
H04L 2012/5687
. . . .
{Security aspects} [2022-01]
H04L 12/5691
. . .
{Access to open networks; Ingress point selection, e.g. ISP selection} [2013-01]
H04L 12/5692
. . . .
{Selection among different networks} [2013-01]
H04L 12/64
.
Hybrid switching systems [2013-01]
H04L 12/6402
. .
{Hybrid switching fabrics} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6405
. . .
{Space} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6408
. . .
{Shared Medium, e.g. memory, bus, ring} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/641
. . .
{Time switching} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6413
. . .
{Switch peripheries} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6416
. . .
{Switch multicast} [2013-01]
H04L 12/6418
. .
{Hybrid transport} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6421
. . .
{Medium of transmission, e.g. fibre, cable, radio, satellite} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6424
. . .
{Access arrangements} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6427
. . . .
{Subscriber Access Module; Concentrator; Group equipment} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6429
. . .
{Terminal adapters} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6432
. . .
{Topology} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6435
. . . .
{Bus} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6437
. . . .
{Ring} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/644
. . . .
{Star} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6443
. . .
{Network Node Interface, e.g. Routing, Path finding} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6445
. . .
{Admission control} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6448
. . . .
{Medium Access Control [MAC]} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6451
. . . . .
{Deterministic, e.g. Token, DQDB} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6454
. . . . .
{Random, e.g. Ethernet} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6456
. . . .
{Channel and bandwidth allocation} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6459
. . . .
{Multiplexing, e.g. TDMA, CDMA} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6462
. . . .
{Movable boundaries in packets or frames} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6464
. . .
{Priority} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6467
. . .
{Information loss recovery, e.g. error correction, prediction} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/647
. . .
{Frame Relay, X.25} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6472
. . .
{Internet} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6475
. . .
{N-ISDN, Public Switched Telephone Network [PSTN]} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6478
. . .
{Digital subscriber line, e.g. DSL, ADSL, HDSL, XDSL, VDSL} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6481
. . .
{Speech, voice} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6483
. . .
{Video, e.g. MPEG} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6486
. . .
{Signalling Protocols} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6489
. . .
{Buffer Management, Threshold setting, Scheduling, Shaping} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6491
. . .
{Echo cancellation} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6494
. . .
{Silence suppression} [2013-01]
H04L 2012/6497
. . .
{Feedback to the source} [2013-01]
H04L 12/66
.
Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways [2013-01]
H04L 13/00
Details of the apparatus or circuits covered by groups H04L 15/00 or H04L 17/00 [2013-01]
H04L 13/02
.
Details not particular to receiver or transmitter [2013-01]
H04L 13/04
. .
Driving mechanisms; Clutches [2021-08]
H04L 13/06
. .
Tape or page guiding or feeding devices [2013-01]
H04L 13/08
. .
Intermediate storage means [2013-01]
H04L 13/10
. .
Distributors [2013-01]
H04L 13/12
. . .
Non-mechanical distributors, e.g. relay distributors [2013-01]
H04L 13/14
. . . .
Electronic distributors [2021-08]
H04L 13/16
.
of transmitters, e.g. code-bars, code-discs [2013-01]
H04L 13/18
.
of receivers [2013-01]
H04L 13/182
. .
{Printing mechanisms} [2013-01]
H04L 13/184
. . .
{Photographic printing and recording} [2013-01]
H04L 13/186
. .
{Page printing; tabulating} [2013-01]
H04L 13/188
. .
{Projection of the printed matter} [2013-01]
H04L 15/00
Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving dot-and-dash codes, e.g. Morse code (teaching apparatus therefor G09B; telegraph tapping keys H01H 21/86) [2021-08]
H04L 15/03
.
Keys structurally combined with sound generators [2013-01]
H04L 15/04
.
Apparatus or circuits at the transmitting end [2013-01]
H04L 15/06
. .
with a restricted number of keys, e.g. separate key for each type of code element [2013-01]
H04L 15/08
. . .
with a single key which transmits dots in one position and dashes in a second position [2013-01]
H04L 15/10
. . .
combined with perforating apparatus [2013-01]
H04L 15/12
. .
with keyboard co-operating with code-bars [2013-01]
H04L 15/14
. . .
combined with perforating apparatus [2013-01]
H04L 15/16
. .
with keyboard co-operating with code discs [2013-01]
H04L 15/18
. .
Automatic transmitters, e.g. controlled by perforated tape [2013-01]
H04L 15/20
. . .
with optical sensing means [2013-01]
H04L 15/22
. .
Apparatus or circuits for sending one or a restricted number of signals, e.g. distress signals [2013-01]
H04L 15/24
.
Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end [2013-01]
H04L 15/26
. .
operating only on reception of predetermined code signals, e.g. distress signals, party-line call signals [2017-08]
H04L 15/28
. .
Code reproducing apparatus [2013-01]
H04L 15/285
. . .
{Telegraph sounders; Apparatus for acoustic reception} [2013-01]
H04L 15/30
. . .
Writing recorders [2013-01]
H04L 15/32
. . .
Perforating recorders [2013-01]
H04L 15/34
. .
Apparatus for recording received coded signals after translation, e.g. as type-characters [2013-01]
H04L 17/00
Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving codes wherein each character is represented by the same number of equal-length code elements, e.g. Baudot code [2021-08]
H04L 17/02
.
Apparatus or circuits at the transmitting end [2013-01]
H04L 17/04
. .
with keyboard co-operating with code-bars [2013-01]
H04L 17/06
. . .
Contact operating means [2013-01]
H04L 17/08
. . .
combined with perforating apparatus [2013-01]
H04L 17/10
. .
with keyboard co-operating with code-discs [2013-01]
H04L 17/12
. .
Automatic transmitters, e.g. controlled by perforated tape [2013-01]
H04L 17/14
. . .
with optical sensing means [2013-01]
H04L 17/16
.
Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end [2013-01]
H04L 17/18
. .
Code selection mechanisms [2013-01]
H04L 17/20
. .
using perforating recorders [2013-01]
H04L 17/22
. .
using mechanical translation and type-bar printing [2013-01]
H04L 17/24
. .
using mechanical translation and type-head printing, e.g. type-wheel, type-cylinder [2013-01]
H04L 17/26
. .
using aggregate motion translation [2013-01]
H04L 17/28
. .
using pneumatic or hydraulic translation [2013-01]
H04L 17/30
. .
using electric or electronic translation [2013-01]
H04L 19/00
Apparatus or local circuits for step-by-step systems [2013-01]
H04L 21/00
Apparatus or local circuits for mosaic printer telegraph systems [2013-01]
H04L 21/02
.
at the transmitting end [2013-01]
H04L 21/04
.
at the receiving end [2013-01]
H04L 23/00
Apparatus or local circuits for systems other than those covered by groups H04L 15/00 - H04L 21/00 [2016-05]
H04L 23/02
.
adapted for orthogonal signalling [2013-01]
H04L 25/00
Baseband systems [2013-01]
H04L 25/02
.
Details {; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines (systems for transmitting signals via power distribution lines H04B 3/54)} [2022-05]
H04L 25/0202
. .
{Channel estimation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0204
. . .
{of multiple channels} [2013-01]
H04L 25/021
. . .
{Estimation of channel covariance} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0212
. . .
{of impulse response} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0214
. . . .
{of a single coefficient} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0216
. . . .
{with estimation of channel length} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0218
. . . .
{with detection of nulls} [2013-01]
H04L 25/022
. . .
{of frequency response} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0222
. . .
{Estimation of channel variability, e.g. coherence bandwidth, coherence time, fading frequency} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0224
. . .
{using sounding signals} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0226
. . . .
{sounding signals per se} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0228
. . . .
{with direct estimation from sounding signals} [2013-01]
H04L 25/023
. . . . .
{with extension to other symbols} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0232
. . . . . .
{by interpolation between sounding signals} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0234
. . . . . . .
{by non-linear interpolation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0236
. . . . . .
{using estimation of the other symbols} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0238
. . .
{using blind estimation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/024
. . .
{channel estimation algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0242
. . . .
{using matrix methods} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0244
. . . . .
{with inversion} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0246
. . . . .
{with factorisation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0248
. . . . .
{Eigen-space methods} [2013-01]
H04L 25/025
. . . .
{using least-mean-square [LMS] method} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0252
. . . .
{using third or higher order statistics} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0254
. . . .
{using neural network algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0256
. . . .
{Channel estimation using minimum mean square error criteria} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0258
. . . .
{Channel estimation using zero-forcing criteria} [2013-01]
H04L 25/026
. .
{Arrangements for coupling transmitters, receivers or transceivers to transmission lines; Line drivers (duplexing arrangements H04L 5/14)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0262
. .
{Arrangements for detecting the data rate of an incoming signal} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0264
. .
{Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines (duplexing arrangements H04L 5/14; line equalisers, line build-out devices H04L 25/03878)} [2015-11]
H04L 25/0266
. . .
{Arrangements for providing Galvanic isolation, e.g. by means of magnetic or capacitive coupling} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0268
. . . .
{with modulation and subsequent demodulation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/027
. . . .
{specifically for telegraph signals (induction coil interrupters H01H 51/34; dynamo-electric generators H02K)} [2023-08]
H04L 25/0272
. . .
{Arrangements for coupling to multiple lines, e.g. for differential transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0274
. . . .
{Arrangements for ensuring balanced coupling} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0276
. . . .
{Arrangements for coupling common mode signals} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0278
. . .
{Arrangements for impedance matching} [2013-01]
H04L 25/028
. . .
{Arrangements specific to the transmitter end} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0282
. . . .
{Provision for current-mode coupling} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0284
. . . .
{Arrangements to ensure DC-balance} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0286
. . . .
{Provision of wave shaping within the driver (wave shaping per se H04L 25/03834)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0288
. . . . .
{the shape being matched to the transmission line (pre-equalisation per se H04L 25/03343)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/029
. . . .
{Provision of high-impedance states} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0292
. . .
{Arrangements specific to the receiver end} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0294
. . . .
{Provision for current-mode coupling} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0296
. . . .
{Arrangements to ensure DC-balance} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0298
. . .
{Arrangement for terminating transmission lines} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03
. .
Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks [2022-05]
H04L 25/03006
. . .
{Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03012
. . . .
{operating in the time domain (H04L 25/03165, H04L 25/03178 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03019
. . . . .
{adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03025
. . . . . .
{using a two-tap delay line} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03031
. . . . . .
{using only passive components (H04L 25/03025 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03038
. . . . . .
{with a non-recursive structure (H04L 25/03031 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03044
. . . . . . .
{using fractionally spaced delay lines or combinations of fractionally integrally spaced taps} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0305
. . . . . . .
{using blind adaptation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03057
. . . . . .
{with a recursive structure (H04L 25/03031 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03063
. . . . . . .
{using fractionally spaced delay lines or combinations of fractionally and integrally spaced taps} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0307
. . . . . . .
{using blind adaptation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03076
. . . . . . .
{not using decision feedback} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03082
. . . . . .
{Theoretical aspects of adaptive time domain methods} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03089
. . . . . . .
{Theory of blind algorithms, recursive or not} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03095
. . . . . . .
{Theory of fractional equalisers, recursive or not} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03101
. . . . . . .
{Theory of the Kalman algorithm} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03108
. . . . . . .
{Theory of recursive equalisers, other than Kalman} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03114
. . . . .
{non-adaptive, i.e. not adjustable, manually adjustable, or adjustable only during the reception of special signals} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03121
. . . . . .
{using a two-tap delay line} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03127
. . . . . .
{using only passive components (H04L 25/03121 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03133
. . . . . .
{with a non-recursive structure (H04L 25/03127 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0314
. . . . . . .
{using fractionally spaced delay lines or combinations of fractionally integrally spaced taps} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03146
. . . . . .
{with a recursive structure (H04L 25/03127 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03152
. . . . . .
{Theoretical aspects of non-adaptive time domain methods} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03159
. . . .
{operating in the frequency domain (H04L 25/03165, H04L 25/03178 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03165
. . . .
{using neural networks} [2013-01]
​
H04L 25/03171
. . . .
{Arrangements involving maximum a posteriori probability [MAP] detection} [2013-01]
NOTE

  • This group contains provisionally all documents which deal with turbo equalisation
H04L 25/03178
. . . .
{Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03184
. . . . .
{Details concerning the metric} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03191
. . . . . .
{in which the receiver makes a selection between different metrics} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03197
. . . . . .
{methods of calculation involving metrics} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03203
. . . . .
{Trellis search techniques} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0321
. . . . . .
{Sorting arrangements therefor} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03216
. . . . . .
{using the M-algorithm} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03222
. . . . . .
{using the T-algorithm} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03229
. . . . . .
{with state-reduction using grouping of states} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03235
. . . . . .
{with state-reduction using feedback filtering} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03242
. . . . . .
{Methods involving sphere decoding} [2013-01]
​
H04L 25/03248
. . . . .
{Arrangements for operating in conjunction with other apparatus} [2013-01]
NOTE

  • This group covers arrangements in which the sequence estimator is specially adapted to provide signals to, or receive signals from, the other apparatus. The group does not cover the mere juxtaposition of elements
H04L 25/03254
. . . . . .
{Operation with other circuitry for removing intersymbol interference} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03261
. . . . . . .
{with impulse-response shortening filters} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03267
. . . . . . .
{with decision feedback equalisers} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03273
. . . . . .
{with carrier recovery circuitry} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0328
. . . . . .
{with interference cancellation circuitry (adaptations for interference cancellation within a sequence estimator H04L 25/03305; interference related aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum H04B 1/7097; interference related aspects of frequency hopping spread spectrum H04B 1/715; see also H04B 1/10)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03286
. . . . . .
{with channel-decoding circuitry} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03292
. . . . . .
{with channel estimation circuitry} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03299
. . . . . .
{with noise-whitening circuitry} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03305
. . . . .
{Joint sequence estimation and interference removal (joint detection of several desired signals H04L 25/03331)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03312
. . . . .
{Arrangements specific to the provision of output signals} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03318
. . . . . .
{Provision of soft decisions} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03324
. . . . . .
{Provision of tentative decisions} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03331
. . . . .
{Arrangements for the joint estimation of multiple sequences} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03337
. . . . .
{Arrangements involving per-survivor processing} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03343
. . . .
{Arrangements at the transmitter end} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/0335
. . . .
{characterised by the type of transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03356
. . . . .
{Baseband transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03363
. . . . . .
{Multilevel (H04L 2025/03369 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03369
. . . . . .
{Partial response} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03375
. . . . .
{Passband transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03382
. . . . . .
{Single of vestigal sideband} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03388
. . . . . .
{ASK} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03394
. . . . . .
{FSK} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03401
. . . . . .
{PSK} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03407
. . . . . . .
{Continuous phase} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03414
. . . . . .
{Multicarrier} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/0342
. . . . . .
{QAM} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03426
. . . . .
{transmission using multiple-input and multiple-output channels} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03433
. . . .
{characterised by equaliser structure} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03439
. . . . .
{Fixed structures} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03445
. . . . . .
{Time domain} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03452
. . . . . . .
{Systolic arrays} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03458
. . . . . . .
{Lattice} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03464
. . . . . . .
{Neural networks} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03471
. . . . . . .
{Tapped delay lines (H04L 2025/03464 takes precedence)} [2015-07]
H04L 2025/03477
. . . . . . . .
{not time-recursive} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03484
. . . . . . . .
{time-recursive} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/0349
. . . . . . . . .
{as a feedback filter} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03496
. . . . . . . . .
{as a prediction filter} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03503
. . . . . . . . .
{as a combination of feedback and prediction filters} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03509
. . . . . . . .
{fractionally spaced (H04L 2025/03515 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03515
. . . . . . . .
{irregularly spaced} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03522
. . . . . .
{Frequency domain} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03528
. . . . . .
{Other transform domain} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03535
. . . . .
{Variable structures} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03541
. . . . . .
{Switching between domains, e.g. between time and frequency} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03547
. . . . . .
{Switching between time domain structures} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03554
. . . . . . .
{between neural networks and tapped delay lines} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/0356
. . . . . . .
{Switching the time direction of equalisation} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03566
. . . . . . .
{between different tapped delay line structures} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03573
. . . . . . . .
{between recursive and non-recursive} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03579
. . . . . . . .
{Modifying the tap spacing} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03585
. . . . . . . .
{Modifying the length} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03592
. . . .
{Adaptation methods} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03598
. . . . .
{Algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03605
. . . . . .
{Block algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03611
. . . . . .
{Iterative algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03617
. . . . . . .
{Time recursive algorithms (H04L 2025/03643 takes precedence)} [2015-07]
H04L 2025/03624
. . . . . . . .
{Zero-forcing} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/0363
. . . . . . . .
{Feature restoration, e.g. constant modulus} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03636
. . . . . . .
{Algorithms using least mean square [LMS]} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03643
. . . . . . .
{Order recursive} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03649
. . . . . . .
{Algorithms using recursive least square [RLS]} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03656
. . . . . . .
{Initialisation} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03662
. . . . . . . .
{to a fixed value} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03668
. . . . . . . .
{to the value at the end of a previous adaptation period} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03675
. . . . . .
{Blind algorithms using gradient methods} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03681
. . . . . .
{Control of adaptation} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03687
. . . . . . .
{of step size} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03694
. . . . . . . .
{Stop and go} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/037
. . . . . . .
{Detection of convergence state} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03707
. . . . . . .
{Detection or avoidance of local extrema} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03713
. . . . . .
{Subspace algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03719
. . . . . .
{Super-exponential} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03726
. . . . .
{Switching between algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03732
. . . . . .
{according to the convergence state} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03738
. . . . .
{Manual adaptation} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03745
. . . . .
{Timing of adaptation} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03751
. . . . . .
{only once, at installation (H04L 2025/03738 takes precedence)} [2015-07]
H04L 2025/03757
. . . . . .
{only on the request of a user} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03764
. . . . . .
{only during predefined intervals} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/0377
. . . . . . .
{during the reception of training signals} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03777
. . . .
{characterised by the signalling} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03783
. . . . .
{Details of reference signals} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03789
. . . . . .
{Codes therefore} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03796
. . . . . .
{Location of reference signals} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03802
. . . . .
{Signalling on the reverse channel} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03808
. . . . . .
{Transmission of equaliser coefficients} [2013-01]
H04L 2025/03815
. . . . . .
{Transmission of a training request} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03821
. . . .
{Inter-carrier interference cancellation [ICI]} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03828
. . .
{Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties (partial response systems H04L 25/497)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03834
. . . .
{using pulse shaping} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0384
. . . . .
{Design of pulse shapes (pulse shape for impulse radio H04B 1/7172)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03847
. . . . .
{Shaping by selective switching of amplifying elements} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03853
. . . . .
{Shaping by digital methods other than look up tables or up/down converters} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03859
. . . . .
{shaping using look up tables for partial waveforms} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03866
. . . .
{using scrambling} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03872
. . . . .
{Parallel scrambling or descrambling} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03878
. . .
{Line equalisers; line build-out devices} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03885
. . . .
{adaptive} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03891
. . .
{Spatial equalizers (MIMO diversity systems H04B 7/0413)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03898
. . . .
{codebook-based design (selection of codebook or precoding matrix for MIMO diversity systems H04B 7/0456)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03904
. . . . .
{cooperative design, e.g. exchanging of codebook information between base stations} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0391
. . . . .
{construction details of matrices} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03917
. . . . . .
{according to the size of the codebook} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03923
. . . . . .
{according to the rank} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03929
. . . . .
{with layer mapping, e.g. codeword-to layer design (for space-time coding H04L 1/0618)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03936
. . . . .
{multi-resolution codebooks} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03942
. . . . .
{switching between different codebooks} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03949
. . . .
{equalizer selection or adaptation based on feedback (multiple signaling inclusive of a precoding command for adapting the transmitter H04L 1/0031; feedback for transmit diversity systems H04B 7/0619; selection of codebook or precoding matrix for MIMO diversity systems H04B 7/0456)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03955
. . . . .
{in combination with downlink estimations, e.g. downlink path losses} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03961
. . . .
{design criteria} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03968
. . . . .
{mean-square error [MSE]} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03974
. . . . .
{throughput maximization} [2013-01]
H04L 25/0398
. . .
{Restoration of channel reciprocity} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03987
. . .
{Equalisation for sparse channels} [2013-01]
H04L 25/03993
. . .
{Noise whitening} [2013-01]
H04L 25/05
. .
Electric or magnetic storage of signals before transmitting or retransmitting for changing the transmission rate [2013-01]
H04L 25/06
. .
Dc level restoring means; Bias distortion correction {; Decision circuits providing symbol by symbol detection} [2021-08]
H04L 25/061
. . .
{providing hard decisions only; arrangements for tracking or suppressing unwanted low frequency components, e.g. removal of dc offset (removal of dc offset in coupling arrangements H04L 25/029, H04L 25/0296)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/062
. . . .
{Setting decision thresholds using feedforward techniques only} [2013-01]
H04L 25/063
. . . .
{Setting decision thresholds using feedback techniques only} [2013-01]
H04L 25/064
. . . . .
{Subtraction of the threshold from the signal, which is then compared to a supplementary fixed threshold} [2013-01]
H04L 25/065
. . . .
{Binary decisions} [2013-01]
H04L 25/066
. . . .
{Multilevel decisions, not including self-organising maps} [2013-01]
H04L 25/067
. . .
{providing soft decisions, i.e. decisions together with an estimate of reliability (H04L 25/068 and H04L 25/069 take precedence; sequence estimation techniques H04L 25/03178)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/068
. . .
{by sampling faster than the nominal bit rate} [2013-01]
H04L 25/069
. . .
{by detecting edges or zero crossings} [2013-01]
H04L 25/08
. .
Modifications for reducing interference; Modifications for reducing effects due to line faults {; Receiver end arrangements for detecting or overcoming line faults} [2017-08]
H04L 25/085
. . .
{Arrangements for reducing interference in line transmission systems, e.g. by differential transmission} [2013-01]
H04L 25/10
. .
Compensating for variations in line balance [2021-08]
H04L 25/12
. .
Compensating for variations in line impedance [2021-08]
H04L 25/14
. .
Channel dividing arrangements {, i.e. in which a single bit stream is divided between several baseband channels and reassembled at the receiver} [2021-08]
H04L 25/20
. .
Repeater circuits; Relay circuits [2013-01]
H04L 25/202
. . .
{using mechanical devices (H04L 25/205 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/205
. . .
{using tuning forks or vibrating reeds} [2013-01]
H04L 25/207
. . .
{using electromagnetic switches} [2013-01]
H04L 25/22
. . .
Repeaters for converting two wires to four wires; Repeaters for converting single current to double current [2021-08]
H04L 25/24
. . .
Relay circuits using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices {(H04L 25/22 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/242
. . . .
{with retiming} [2013-01]
H04L 25/245
. . . . .
{for start-stop signals (detection of start or stop bits H04J 3/0602)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/247
. . . . .
{for synchronous signals} [2013-01]
H04L 25/26
. . .
Circuits with optical sensing means {, i.e. using opto-couplers for isolation} [2017-08]
H04L 25/38
.
Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code [2013-01]
H04L 25/40
. .
Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits {(repeater circuits, relay circuits H04L 25/20)} [2021-08]
H04L 25/42
. . .
using mechanical distributors [2013-01]
H04L 25/44
. . .
using relay distributors [2013-01]
H04L 25/45
. . .
using electronic distributors [2021-08]
H04L 25/46
. . .
using tuning forks or vibrating reeds [2013-01]
H04L 25/49
. . .
using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels {; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems (spectral shaping H04L 25/03828)} [2017-08]
H04L 25/4902
. . . .
{Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4904
. . . .
{using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4906
. . . .
{using binary codes} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4908
. . . . .
{using mBnB codes} [2013-01]
H04L 25/491
. . . . . .
{using 1B2B codes} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4912
. . . . . . .
{using CMI or 2-HDB-3 code} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4915
. . . . .
{using pattern inversion or substitution (H04L 25/4908 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4917
. . . .
{using multilevel codes} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4919
. . . . .
{using balanced multilevel codes (H04L 25/4927 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4921
. . . . . .
{using quadrature encoding, e.g. carrierless amplitude-phase coding} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4923
. . . . .
{using ternary codes (H04L 25/4927 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4925
. . . . . .
{using balanced bipolar ternary codes} [2013-01]
H04L 25/4927
. . . . .
{using levels matched to the quantisation levels of the channel} [2013-01]
H04L 25/493
. . . .
by transition coding, i.e. the time-position or direction of a transition being encoded before transmission [2013-01]
H04L 25/497
. . . .
by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding {transmitters and receivers for partial response systems (transversal equalizers at the transmitter end H04L 25/03343)} [2021-08]
H04L 25/4975
. . . . .
{Correlative coding using Tomlinson precoding, Harashima precoding, Trellis precoding or GPRS} [2013-01]
H04L 27/00
Modulated-carrier systems [2021-08]
H04L 27/0002
.
{analog front ends; means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line (duplex arrangements H04L 5/143)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/0004
.
{using wavelets} [2013-01]
H04L 27/0006
.
{Assessment of spectral gaps suitable for allocating digitally modulated signals, e.g. for carrier allocation in cognitive radio (for spectrum sharing between different networks H04W 16/14)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/0008
.
{arrangements for allowing a transmitter or receiver to use more than one type of modulation (negotiating modulation type for two-way transmission paths H04L 5/1453)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/001
.
{using chaotic signals (for secret or secure communication H04L 9/001)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/0012
.
{arrangements for identifying the type of modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/0014
.
{Carrier regulation (of chaotic carriers H04L 27/001; for multicarrier receivers H04L 27/2657)} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0016
. .
{Stabilisation of local oscillators} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0018
. .
{Arrangements at the transmitter end} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/002
. . .
{using feedback from a remote receiver} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0022
. . .
{using the carrier of the associated receiver of a transceiver} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0024
. .
{at the receiver end} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0026
. . .
{Correction of carrier offset} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0028
. . . .
{at passband only} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/003
. . . .
{at baseband only} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0032
. . . .
{at baseband and passband} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0034
. . . .
{using hypothesis testing} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0036
. . . .
{using a recovered symbol clock} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0038
. . . .
{using an equaliser} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/004
. . . . .
{the equaliser providing control signals} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0042
. . . . .
{the equaliser providing the offset correction per se} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0044
. .
{Control loops for carrier regulation} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0046
. . .
{Open loops} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0048
. . . .
{Frequency multiplication} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0051
. . . .
{Harmonic tracking} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0053
. . .
{Closed loops} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0055
. . . .
{single phase} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0057
. . . .
{quadrature phase} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0059
. . . .
{more than two phases} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0061
. . . .
{remodulation} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0063
. . .
{Elements of loops} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0065
. . . .
{Frequency error detectors (H04L 2027/0067 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0067
. . . .
{Phase error detectors} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0069
. . . .
{Loop filters} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0071
. . .
{Control of loops} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0073
. . . .
{Detection of synchronisation state} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0075
. . . .
{Error weighting} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0077
. . . . .
{stop and go} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0079
. . . .
{Switching between loops} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0081
. . . . .
{between loops of different bandwidths} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0083
. .
{Signalling arrangements} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0085
. . .
{with no special signals for synchronisation} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0087
. . .
{Out-of-band signals, (e.g. pilots)} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0089
. . .
{In-band signals} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0091
. . . .
{Continuous signals} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0093
. . . .
{Intermittant signals} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0095
. . . . .
{in a preamble or similar structure} [2013-01]
H04L 2027/0097
. . .
{Adaptive synchronisation signals} [2013-01]
H04L 27/01
.
Equalisers {(baseband equalizers at the transmitter end H04L 25/03343; in analogue transmission systems H04B 3/04, H04B 7/005)} [2021-08]
H04L 27/02
.
Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation (H04L 27/32 takes precedence) [2013-01]
H04L 27/04
. .
Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits [2021-01]
H04L 27/06
. .
Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits [2021-01]
H04L 27/063
. . .
{Superheterodyne receivers} [2013-01]
H04L 27/066
. . .
{Carrier recovery circuits (H04L 27/2271 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/08
. .
Amplitude regulation arrangements [2013-01]
H04L 27/10
.
Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying (H04L 27/32 takes precedence) [2021-08]
H04L 27/103
. .
{Chirp modulation (for spread spectrum techniques H04B 1/69)} [2022-05]
H04L 27/106
. .
{M-ary FSK} [2013-01]
H04L 27/12
. .
Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits [2022-05]
H04L 27/122
. . .
{using digital generation of carrier signals (digital function generators G06F 1/02, H04L 17/10; generating pulses having stepped portions using digital techniques H03K 4/026)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/125
. . .
{using a controlled oscillator in an open loop} [2013-01]
H04L 27/127
. . .
{using a controlled oscillator in a feedback loop} [2013-01]
H04L 27/14
. .
Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits [2022-05]
H04L 27/142
. . .
{Compensating direct current components occurring during the demodulation and which are caused by mistuning} [2013-01]
H04L 27/144
. . .
with demodulation using spectral properties of the received signal, e.g. by using frequency selective- or frequency sensitive elements [2013-01]
H04L 27/148
. . . .
using filters, including PLL-type filters [2013-01]
H04L 27/152
. . . .
using controlled oscillators, e.g. PLL arrangements [2013-01]
H04L 27/1525
. . . . .
{using quadrature demodulation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/156
. . .
with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width [2013-01]
H04L 27/1563
. . . .
{using transition or level detection} [2013-01]
H04L 27/1566
. . . .
{using synchronous sampling} [2013-01]
H04L 27/16
. .
Frequency regulation arrangements [2013-01]
H04L 27/18
.
Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying (H04L 27/32 takes precedence) [2021-01]
H04L 27/183
. .
{Multiresolution systems} [2013-01]
H04L 27/186
. .
{in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual signal points belong, e.g. coset coding or related schemes} [2013-01]
H04L 27/20
. .
Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits [2021-01]
H04L 27/2003
. . .
{for continuous phase modulation (frequency shift keying H04L 27/10)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2007
. . . .
{in which the phase change within each symbol period is constrained (coset coding H04L 27/186)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/201
. . . . .
{in which the allowed phase changes vary with time, e.g. multi-h modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2014
. . . . .
{in which the phase changes in a piecewise linear manner during each symbol period, e.g. minimum shift keying, fast frequency shift keying (H04L 27/201 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2017
. . . . .
{in which the phase changes are non-linear, e.g. generalized and Gaussian minimum shift keying, tamed frequency modulation (H04L 27/201 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2021
. . . .
{in which the phase change per symbol period is not constrained} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2025
. . . . .
{in which the phase changes in a piecewise linear manner within each symbol period} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2028
. . . . .
{in which the phase changes are non-linear} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2032
. . .
{for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2035
. . . .
{using a single or unspecified number of carriers} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2039
. . . . .
{using microwave technology} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2042
. . . . .
{with more than two phase states} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2046
. . . . . .
{in which the data are represented by carrier phase} [2013-01]
H04L 27/205
. . . . . .
{in which the data are represented by the change in phase of the carrier} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2053
. . . .
{using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2057
. . . . .
{with a separate carrier for each phase state} [2013-01]
H04L 27/206
. . . . .
{using a pair of orthogonal carriers, e.g. quadrature carriers} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2064
. . . . . .
{using microwave technology} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2067
. . . . . .
{with more than two phase states (H04L 27/2064 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2071
. . . . . . .
{in which the data are represented by the carrier phase, e.g. systems with differential coding} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2075
. . . . . . .
{in which the data are represented by the change in carrier phase} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2078
. . . . . . .
{in which the phase change per symbol period is constrained (coset coding H04L 27/186)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2082
. . . . . . . .
{for offset or staggered quadrature phase shift keying} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2085
. . . . . . .
{with more than one phase shift per symbol period} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2089
. . . . . . .
{with unbalanced quadrature channels} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2092
. . . .
{with digital generation of the modulated carrier (does not include the modulation of a digitally generated carrier)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2096
. . .
{Arrangements for directly or externally modulating an optical carrier (optical modulation H04B 10/503)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/22
. .
Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits [2021-01]
H04L 27/223
. . .
{Demodulation in the optical domain (optical demodulation H04B 10/676)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/227
. . .
using coherent demodulation [2013-01]
H04L 27/2271
. . . .
{wherein the carrier recovery circuit uses only the demodulated signals} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2272
. . . . .
{using phase locked loops (H04L 27/2273 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2273
. . . . .
{associated with quadrature demodulation, e.g. Costas loop} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2275
. . . .
{wherein the carrier recovery circuit uses the received modulated signals} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2276
. . . . .
{using frequency multiplication or harmonic tracking} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2277
. . . . .
{using remodulation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2278
. . . . .
{using correlation techniques, e.g. for spread spectrum signals} [2013-01]
H04L 27/233
. . .
using non-coherent demodulation [2013-01]
H04L 27/2331
. . . .
{wherein the received signal is demodulated using one or more delayed versions of itself} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2332
. . . .
{using a non-coherent carrier} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2334
. . . .
{using filters} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2335
. . . .
{using temporal properties of the received signal} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2337
. . . . .
{using digital techniques to measure the time between zero-crossings} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2338
. . . .
{using sampling (H04L 27/2331 - H04L 27/2335 take precedence)} [2016-05]
H04L 27/24
. .
Half-wave signalling systems [2013-01]
H04L 27/26
.
Systems using multi-frequency codes (H04L 27/32 takes precedence) [2013-01]
H04L 27/2601
. .
{Multicarrier modulation systems} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2602
. . .
{Signal structure} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26025
. . . .
{Numerology, i.e. varying one or more of symbol duration, subcarrier spacing, Fourier transform size, sampling rate or down-clocking (allocating sub-channels of the transmission path H04L 5/003)} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2603
. . . .
{Signal structure ensuring backward compatibility with legacy system} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26035
. . . .
{Maintenance of orthogonality, e.g. for signals exchanged between cells or users, or by using covering codes or sequences (using different training sequence per antenna H04B 7/0684; code allocation H04J 13/16)} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2604
. . . .
{Multiresolution systems (by means of multiresolution subcarriers H04L 27/183, H04L 27/3488)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2605
. . . .
{Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2607
. . . . .
{Cyclic extensions} [2013-01]
H04L 27/261
. . . .
{Details of reference signals} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2613
. . . . .
{Structure of the reference signals} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26132
. . . . . .
{using repetition} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26134
. . . . . .
{Pilot insertion in the transmitter chain, e.g. pilot overlapping with data, insertion in time or frequency domain} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26136
. . . . . .
{Pilot sequence conveying additional information} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2614
. . .
{Peak power aspects} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2615
. . . .
{Reduction thereof using coding} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2617
. . . . .
{using block codes} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2618
. . . .
{Reduction thereof using auxiliary subcarriers} [2013-01]
H04L 27/262
. . . .
{Reduction thereof by selection of pilot symbols} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2621
. . . .
{Reduction thereof using phase offsets between subcarriers} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2623
. . . .
{Reduction thereof by clipping} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2624
. . . . .
{by soft clipping} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2626
. . .
{Arrangements specific to the transmitter only} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26265
. . . .
{Arrangements for sidelobes suppression specially adapted to multicarrier systems, e.g. spectral precoding} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2627
. . . .
{Modulators} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2628
. . . . .
{Inverse Fourier transform modulators, e.g. inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators (H04L 27/2634 takes precedence)} [2023-05]
H04L 27/263
. . . . . .
{modification of IFFT/IDFT modulator for performance improvement} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2631
. . . . . .
{with polyphase implementation} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2633
. . . . . .
{using partial FFTs} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2634
. . . . .
{Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2636
. . . . . .
{with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26362
. . . . . .
{Subcarrier weighting equivalent to time domain filtering, e.g. weighting per subcarrier multiplication (arrangements for removing intersymbol interference at the transmitter end H04L 25/03343)} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2637
. . . . .
{with direct modulation of individual subcarriers} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2639
. . . . .
{Modulators using other transforms, e.g. discrete cosine transforms, Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space [OTFS] or hermetic transforms} [2021-01]
H04L 27/264
. . . . .
{Pulse-shaped multi-carrier, i.e. not using rectangular window} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26412
. . . . . .
{Filtering over the entire frequency band, e.g. filtered orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing [OFDM]} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26414
. . . . . .
{Filtering per subband or per resource block, e.g. universal filtered multicarrier [UFMC] or generalized frequency division multiplexing [GFDM]} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26416
. . . . . .
{Filtering per subcarrier, e.g. filterbank multicarrier [FBMC]} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2642
. . . . .
{Wavelet transform modulators (wavelet-division H04L 5/0008)} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2643
. . . . .
{using symbol repetition, e.g. time domain realization of distributed FDMA} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2644
. . . . .
{with oversampling} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2646
. . . .
{using feedback from receiver for adjusting OFDM transmission parameters, e.g. transmission timing or guard interval length} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2647
. . .
{Arrangements specific to the receiver only (equalisation H04L 27/01)} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2649
. . . .
{Demodulators} [2023-05]
H04L 27/265
. . . . .
{Fourier transform demodulators, e.g. fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators (H04L 27/26524 takes precedence)} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2651
. . . . . .
{Modification of fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators for performance improvement} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2652
. . . . . .
{with polyphase implementation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/26522
. . . . . .
{using partial FFTs} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26524
. . . . .
{Fast Fourier transform [FFT] or discrete Fourier transform [DFT] demodulators in combination with other circuits for demodulation} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26526
. . . . . .
{with inverse FFT [IFFT] or inverse DFT [IDFT] demodulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] receiver or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2653
. . . . .
{with direct demodulation of individual subcarriers} [2013-01]
H04L 27/26532
. . . . .
{Demodulators using other transforms, e.g. discrete cosine transforms, Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space [OTFS] or hermetic transforms} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26534
. . . . .
{Pulse-shaped multi-carrier, i.e. not using rectangular window} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26536
. . . . . .
{Filtering over the entire frequency band, e.g. filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [OFDM]} [2021-01]
H04L 27/26538
. . . . . .
{Filtering per subband or per resource block, e.g. universal filtered multicarrier [UFMC] or generalized frequency division multiplexing [GFDM]} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2654
. . . . . .
{Filtering per subcarrier, e.g. filterbank multicarrier [FBMC]} [2021-01]
H04L 27/26542
. . . . .
{Wavelet transform demodulators  (wavelet-division  H04L 5/0008)} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26544
. . . . .
{Demodulators for signals generated by symbol repetition (synchronisation arrangements H04L 27/2655)} [2023-05]
H04L 27/26546
. . . . .
{with oversampling} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2655
. . . .
{Synchronisation arrangements} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2656
. . . . .
{Frame synchronisation, e.g. packet synchronisation, time division duplex [TDD] switching point detection or subframe synchronisation} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2657
. . . . .
{Carrier synchronisation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2659
. . . . . .
{Coarse or integer frequency offset determination and synchronisation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/266
. . . . . .
{Fine or fractional frequency offset determination and synchronisation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2662
. . . . .
{Symbol synchronisation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2663
. . . . . .
{Coarse synchronisation, e.g. by correlation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2665
. . . . . .
{Fine synchronisation, e.g. by positioning the FFT window} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2666
. . . . .
{Acquisition of further OFDM parameters, e.g. bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, or guard interval length} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2668
. . . . .
{Details of algorithms} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2669
. . . . . .
{characterised by the domain of operation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2671
. . . . . . .
{Time domain} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2672
. . . . . . .
{Frequency domain} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2673
. . . . . .
{characterised by synchronisation parameters} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2675
. . . . . . .
{Pilot or known symbols} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2676
. . . . . . .
{Blind, i.e. without using known symbols} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2678
. . . . . . . .
{using cyclostationarities, e.g. cyclic prefix or postfix} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2679
. . . . . . . .
{Decision-aided} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2681
. . . . . .
{characterised by constraints} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2682
. . . . . . .
{Precision} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2684
. . . . . . .
{Complexity} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2685
. . . . . . .
{Speed of convergence} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2686
. . . . . . .
{Range of frequencies or delays tested} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2688
. . . . . . .
{Resistance to perturbation, e.g. noise, interference or fading} [2013-01]
H04L 27/26885
. . . . . . .
{Adaptation to rapid radio propagation changes, e.g. due to velocity} [2023-05]
H04L 27/2689
. . . . .
{Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2691
. . . . . .
{involving interference determination or cancellation} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2692
. . . . . .
{with preamble design, i.e. with negotiation of the synchronisation sequence with transmitter or sequence linked to the algorithm used at the receiver} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2694
. . . . . . .
{adaptive design} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2695
. . . . . .
{with channel estimation, e.g. determination of delay spread, derivative or peak tracking (channel estimation H04L 25/0202)} [2021-01]
H04L 27/2697
. . .
{in combination with other modulation techniques} [2013-01]
H04L 27/2698
. . . .
{double density OFDM/OQAM system, e.g. OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system} [2013-01]
H04L 27/28
. .
with simultaneous transmission of different frequencies each representing one code element [2013-01]
H04L 27/30
. .
wherein each code element is represented by a combination of frequencies [2013-01]
H04L 27/32
.
Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L 27/02, H04L 27/10, H04L 27/18 or H04L 27/26 [2013-01]
H04L 27/34
. .
Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems [2013-01]
H04L 27/3405
. . .
{Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3411
. . . .
{reducing the peak to average power ratio or the mean power of the constellation; Arrangements for increasing the shape gain of a signal set} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3416
. . . .
{in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3422
. . . . .
{in which the constellation is not the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3427
. . . . .
{in which the constellation is the n - fold Cartesian product of a single underlying two-dimensional constellation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3433
. . . . . .
{using an underlying square constellation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3438
. . . . . .
{using an underlying generalised cross constellation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3444
. . . .
{by applying a certain rotation to regular constellations} [2013-01]
H04L 27/345
. . .
{Modifications of the signal space to allow the transmission of additional information} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3455
. . . .
{in order to facilitate carrier recovery at the receiver end, e.g. by transmitting a pilot or by using additional signal points to allow the detection of rotations} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3461
. . . .
{in order to transmit a subchannel} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3466
. . . . .
{by providing an alternative to one signal point} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3472
. . . . .
{by switching between alternative constellations} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3477
. . . . .
{by using the outer points of the constellation or of the constituent two-dimensional constellations} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3483
. . . . .
{using a modulation of the constellation points} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3488
. . .
{Multiresolution systems} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3494
. . .
{using non - square modulating pulses, e.g. using raised cosine pulses; Partial response QAM, i.e. with partial response pulse shaping (QAM over partial response channels H04L 25/497)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/36
. . .
Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits [2013-01]
H04L 27/361
. . . .
{Modulation using a single or unspecified number of carriers, e.g. with separate stages of phase and amplitude modulation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/362
. . . .
{Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated (H04L 27/366 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/363
. . . . .
{using non - square modulating pulses, modulators specifically designed for this (transmission of non - square QAM H04L 27/3494)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/364
. . . . .
{Arrangements for overcoming imperfections in the modulator, e.g. quadrature error or unbalanced I and Q levels} [2013-01]
H04L 27/365
. . . .
{Modulation using digital generation of the modulated carrier (not including modulation of a digitally generated carrier)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/366
. . . .
{Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator} [2013-01]
H04L 27/367
. . . . .
{using predistortion} [2013-01]
H04L 27/368
. . . . . .
{adaptive predistortion} [2013-01]
H04L 27/38
. . .
Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits [2013-01]
H04L 27/3809
. . . .
{Amplitude regulation arrangements} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3818
. . . .
{using coherent demodulation, i.e. using one or more nominally phase synchronous carriers (H04L 27/227 and H04L 27/389 take precedence)} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3827
. . . . .
{in which the carrier is recovered using only the demodulated baseband signals} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3836
. . . . .
{in which the carrier is recovered using the received modulated signal or the received IF signal, e.g. by detecting a pilot or by frequency multiplication} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3845
. . . .
{using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3854
. . . . .
{using a non - coherent carrier, including systems with baseband correction for phase or frequency offset} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3863
. . . . . .
{Compensation for quadrature error in the received signal} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3872
. . . . . .
{Compensation for phase rotation in the demodulated signal} [2013-01]
H04L 27/3881
. . . . .
{using sampling and digital processing, not including digital systems which imitate heterodyne or homodyne demodulation} [2013-01]
H04L 27/389
. . . .
{with separate demodulation for the phase and amplitude components} [2013-01]
​
H04L 41/00
Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks [2022-05]
WARNING

H04L 41/02
.
Standardisation; Integration [2022-05]
H04L 41/0213
. .
Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP] [2022-05]
H04L 41/022
. .
Multivendor or multi-standard integration [2022-05]
H04L 41/0226
. .
Mapping or translating multiple network management protocols [2022-05]
H04L 41/0233
. .
Object-oriented techniques, for representation of network management data, e.g. common object request broker architecture [CORBA] [2022-05]
H04L 41/024
. .
{using relational databases for representation of network management data, e.g. managing via structured query language [SQL]} [2022-05]
H04L 41/0246
. .
Exchanging or transporting network management information using the Internet; Embedding network management web servers in network elements; Web-services-based protocols [2022-05]
H04L 41/0253
. . .
using browsers or web-pages for accessing management information [2022-05]
H04L 41/026
. . .
using e-messaging for transporting management information, e.g. email, instant messaging or chat [2022-05]
H04L 41/0266
. . .
using meta-data, objects or commands for formatting management information, e.g. using eXtensible markup language [XML] [2022-05]
H04L 41/0273
. . .
using web services for network management, e.g. simple object access protocol [SOAP] [2022-05]
H04L 41/028
. . . .
{for synchronisation between service call and response} [2022-05]
H04L 41/0286
. . . .
{for search or classification or discovery of web services providing management functionalities} [2022-05]
H04L 41/0293
. . . .
{for accessing web services by means of a binding identification of the management service or element} [2022-05]
​
H04L 41/04
.
Network management architectures or arrangements [2022-05]
WARNING

H04L 41/042
. .
comprising distributed management centres cooperatively managing the network [2022-05]
H04L 41/044
. .
comprising hierarchical management structures [2022-05]
​
H04L 41/045
. .
comprising client-server management architectures [2022-05]
WARNING

H04L 41/046
. .
comprising network management agents or mobile agents therefor [2022-05]
H04L 41/048
. . .
{mobile agents} [2022-01]
​
H04L 41/052
. .
using standardised network management architectures, e.g. telecommunication management network [TMN] or unified network management architecture [UNMA] [2022-05]
WARNING

H04L 41/06
.
Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications [2022-05]
H04L 41/0604
. .
using filtering, e.g. reduction of information by using priority, element types, position or time [2022-05]
H04L 41/0609
. . .
{based on severity or priority} [2022-01]
H04L 41/0613
. . .
{based on the type or category of the network elements} [2022-01]
H04L 41/0618
. . .
{based on the physical or logical position} [2022-01]
H04L 41/0622
. . .
{based on time} [2022-01]
H04L 41/0627
. . .
{by acting on the notification or alarm source} [2022-01]