Devices and methods for initiating operation of machines using oxidation of a fuel.

Starting apparatus having hand cranks.

In old vehicles the engine was started using hand cranks. Nowadays these are limited to special applications like some airplanes

Starting of engines achieved by manual actuation by the operator

Pull-cord actuated starting, e.g. recoil mechanisms used in lawn movers.

Kick starters for motorbikes and similar arrangements

Starting apparatus having mechanical power storage

Starting apparatus, whereby the energy for starting is at least partially stored in a spring and subsequently released to effect starting.

Starting apparatus, whereby the energy for starting is stored in moving parts. This can be the engine flywheel. Also covers the connection of the engine via the clutch to the wheels of a moving vehicle to accelerate the engine for starting (e.g. in hybrid vehicles) and the acceleration of the starter before the starter and the engine are connected.

Starting apparatus, starting of engine by using auxiliary engine or hydraulic motors, e.g. air motor.

Supply of high pressure fluid to engine to achieve engine start.

The usual way to start an engine is to use one or more electric motors.

Subgroups also cover control of engine starting.

The starter is also used as a generator during normal engine running. Normally called starter/generator or starter/alternator.

Starting apparatus with ignition apparatus.

Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting engines; Starting apparatus.

Means to initiate the engine start, could be related to specific arrangements of ignition switches but also automatic restart at engine stall or based on temperature measurements, both in driver cabin (for trucks) and engine temperature.

Furthermore automatically stopping the engine at extended idling (important for the US) or after they have been automatically started.

Safety means, especially for preventing engine start for safety reasons, should additionally be classified in F02N 11/10

Automatic engine start using a remote, popular especially in the US to preheat the vehicle or the engine.

Starting apparatus comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop.

Starting apparatus with a start-stop system wherein the engine is automatically stopped when the vehicle has stopped at e.g. a traffic light. The engine will then be automatically restarted based on driver's intention to continue driving or based on system requirements.

Means for detecting driver's will to continue driving or to maintain current vehicle position.

Means not allowing automatic engine stop is if restart cannot be guaranteed, e.g. at low battery or starter failure.

Means prohibiting automatic stop is if engine running is required for other reasons related to the engine, e.g. for adaptation, cleaning of catalysts or purging of fuel vapors.

The engine is automatically started (or not stopped) if the engine running is required to support vehicle accessories.

Means restarting engine when engine is still rotating.

Means for detecting successful engine start, e.g. to stop starter actuation; Means detecting when the engine has started, e.g. to stop the starter or for other engine control.

Means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear; Control or circuit aspects for connecting the starter and the engine, mainly starters using pinions.

Engagement of pinion while the engine is still rotating , e.g. by accelerating starter first and thereafter engage the pinion with the engine gear.

Also engaging the pinion when the engine has stopped but when no engine start request has been detected. This can be done when future engine start is likely, e.g. based on vehicle door opening.

All circuits specially adapted to a certain type of motor, e.g. all inverter circuits are inside here.

Anything related to the battery or other means for supplying energy for starting.

Everything related to the use of two batteries or power supplies in a vehicle in relation with starting:

Safety devices; diagnosis of starters.

Devices prohibiting engine start, and therefore the starter actuation, in order to protect the engine, the starter or the environment.

Devices preventing new starter actuation when the engine is already or still running in order to protect the starter, e.g. the pinion.

Systems or Methods for starting combustion engines moved by explosive mixture other than the combustion mixture, in particular explosive cartridges. It could be either portable or constructional fixed to the engine. This is e.g. the case for model cars

This group covers cartridges that are specially adapted for starting engines.

Covers all remaining aspects of starting devices, especially the connection between the starting apparatus and the engine.

Connections between the engine and the starting means.

The gearing between the engine and the starting means (mainly starter) is disengaged.

Starting aids; means for aiding engine start.

Means for reduction of the necessary torque for starting using decompression valves or variable intake or exhaust valve actuation

Means for reducing torque needed to start the engine taking into account engine crank angle, e.g. by moving the engine to a certain position the necessary torque can be reduced.

Heating the engine or its components prior to engine start.

Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass.

So-called direct start by injecting fuel into one engine cylinder and igniting it, can be without or combined with starter actuation.

Starting whereby the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber and then ignited to achieve engine start.