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CPC Definition - Subclass B28C

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Last Updated Version: 2023.08
B28C
PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER (preparing material for foundry moulds B22C 5/00)
Relationships with other classification places

Classification of preparind clay; Producing mixtures containing clay or cementitious material is in this subclass.

Classification of cements; concrete and ceramics per se is classified under C04B. Mixing is classified under B01F.

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The preceding image includes references to B28C, C04B, B01F.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Mixers in general

B01F

Concrete paving mixers combined with distributing devices

E01C 19/00

Machines for preparing mixtures of road-metal with bitumen

E01C 19/10

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Cement

includes plaster

Mixtures of cement with other substances

includes plaster

Clay

includes ceramic compositions

Apparatus or methods for obtaining or processing clay (filtration in general B01D; separation of solids from solids B03, B07; chemical part C04B; by mining or quarrying E21C 41/16, E21C 41/26, E21C 47/10)
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Preparing or treating clay; kaolin

C04B 33/04

Treatment of clays

C09C 1/42

for producing or processing clay suspensions {, e.g. slip} (producing or processing suspensions in general B01)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 1/02.

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for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition (clay slurries B28C 1/02 ){; Plants}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 1/10.

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Apparatus or methods for mixing clay with other substances (producing clay suspensions B28C 1/02)
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone containing unburned clay

C04B 28/001

Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions (controlling the mixing apparatus and supplying the ingredients B28C 7/00 {; separating cement from waste concrete B03B 9/063})
Special rules of classification

Classification of apparatus or methods for producing mixtures is classified under this subclass.

without using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing is classified under B28C 5/02.

using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing is classified under B28C 5/08.

mixing in containers not actuated is classified under B28C 5/10.

mixing in containers to which motion is imparted is classified under B28C 5/18.

mixing on or by conveyors is classified under B28C 5/34.

mixing effected by the action of a fluid and by driven mechanical means is classified under B28C 5/38.

for preparing mixtures containing fibres is classified under B28C 5/40.

adapted for being mounted on vehicles and mixing during transport is classified under B28C 5/42.

super-or sub-atmospheric pressure during mixing is classified under B28C 5/46.

mixing effected by vibrations is classified under B28C 5/48.

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without using driven mechanical means effecting the mixing (B28C 5/48 takes precedence)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/02.

EP 1 695 803 A2

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{Mixing guns or nozzles; Injector mixers (applying plaster by gas pressure E04F 21/12; both conveying and distributing concrete E04G 21/04; conveying concrete B65G 53/32; accelerating or decelerating material flow in troughs or tubes B65G 53/58)}
Synonyms and Keywords

In patent documents the following words "gunnite", "shotcrete" and "aircrete" are often used.

using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing (B28C 5/40, B28C 5/42, B28C 5/48 take precedence; in combination with the action of a fluid B28C 5/38)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/08.

US 6 357 905 B1

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Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/10.

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Special rules of classification

Classification of mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing is classified in this subclass.

mixing with stirrers sweeping through the material is classified under B28C 5/12.

discontinuously operating mixing devices is classified under B28C 5/1223.

material flowing continuously through the mixing device is classified under B28C 5/1238.

the stirrers having a substantially horizontal axis is classified under B28C 5/14.

the stirrers having a substantially vertical axis is classified under B28C 5/16.

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with stirrers sweeping through the materials {, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/12.

US 4 827 455 A

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References
Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Vehicle with moving mixing tools in a stationary container for mixing during transport

B28C 5/4282

the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis {(with feeding or discharging means B28C 5/12)}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/14.

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{the stirrer shaft carrying screw-blades}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/142.

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the stirrers having motion about a vertical or steeply inclined axis {(with feeding or discharging means B28C 5/12)}
Definition statement

This place covers:

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Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing
Definition statement

This place covers:

The motion which is imparted to the container to effect the mixing is non-rotational, e.g. rocking back and forth; axial reciprocating movement of the container.

US 2006 227 652 A1

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References
Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Apparatus specilly adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport

B28C 5/42

Special rules of classification

Mixing in containers to which rotating motion is imparted are to be classified in the hierarchically lower subgroups of the B28C 5/18.

rotating about an inclined axis is classified under B28C 5/1806.

tilted-drum type mixers is classified under B28C 5/1825.

pulling the mixer over the ground or driven by the wheel of a vehicle is classified under B28C 5/1893.

rotating about a (substantially) horizontal axis classified is under B28C 5/20.

rotating about a (substantially) vertical axis is classified under B28C5/25.

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{rotating about an inclined axis (about a steeply inclined axis B28C 5/26)}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/1806.

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{Mixers of the tilted-drum type, e.g. mixers pivotable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation for emptying}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/1825.

BE 498 075 A

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{having several drums}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/1843.

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{the mixing drum being rotated by pulling it over the ground; the mixing drum or the stirrer being driven by movement of the wheel of a vehicle}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/1893.

US 4 078 263 A

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rotating about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis during mixing, e.g. without independent stirrers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/20.

FR 378 966 A

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rotating about a vertical or steeply inclined axis during the mixing {, e.g. comprising a flat bottomplate rotating about a vertical axis, co-operating with blades or stirrers}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/26.

US 3 635 449 A

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Mixing on or by conveyors {, e.g. by belts or chains provided with mixing elements}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/34.

DE 477 968 C

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wherein the mixing is effected both by the action of a fluid and by directly-acting driven mechanical means, e.g. stirring means {; Producing cellular concrete}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/38.

SU 1 691 110 A1

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Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/40.

WO2009 043 833 A1

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Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport ({B28C 5/1893 takes precedence; mounted on a wheelbarrow B28C 5/1215, B28C 5/1818, B28C 5/2018; } vehicle aspect B60P 3/16)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/42.

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{telescopic or foldable chutes}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/4251.

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Apparatus specially adapted for drive by muscle power
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/44.

US2007 297 275 A1

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Arrangements for applying super- or sub-atmospheric pressure during mixing; Arrangements for cooling or heating during mixing {, e.g. by introducing vapour}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/46.

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wherein the mixing is effected by vibrations (mixers with vibrating mechanisms in general B01F 31/00)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 5/48.

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{Storage or weighing apparatus for supplying ingredients (B28C 7/04 takes precedence)}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 7/0046.

US 5 339 996 A

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References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Large containers

B65D 88/00

Controlling the operation of the mixing
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Controlling; Testing; Measuring

B01F 35/20

Methods, systems and apparatus for controlling in general

G05

Supplying or proportioning the ingredients {(B28C 7/022 takes precedence; forming a predetermined ratio of the components to be mixed, in general B01F 35/80)}
Special rules of classification

Classification of supplying or proportioning the ingredients is in this subclass.

proportioning is classified under B28C 7/0404.

weighing is classified under B28C 7/0422.

volumetric is classified under B28C 7/0454.

plant for proportioning supplying or batching is classified under B28C 7/0481.

supplying the solid ingredients is classified under B28C 7/06.

supplying or proportioning the lliquid ingredientsis classified under B28C 7/12.

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{using a weighing belt or the like}
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Conveyor belt weighers

G01G 11/00

Discharge means {, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 7/16.

US2002 175 525

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General arrangement or layout of plant {(B28C 7/0061, B28C 7/0481 take precedence)}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 9/00.

WO2005 113 211 A1

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References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Mixing plant in general

B01F 33/80

the plant being mobile, {e.g. mounted on a carriage or a set of carriages} (B28C 5/42, {B28C 9/004, B28C 9/006} take precedence)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in B28C 9/04.

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References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Hydraulic cement concrete mixers combined with distributing means specially adapted for road building

E01C 19/47