1. CPC Sections
  2. CPC Section D
  3. CPC Class D04
  4. CPC Subclass D04H
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CPC
COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION
​​
D04H
MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL (weaving D03; knitting D04B; braiding D04C; net-making D04G; sewing D05B; tufting D05C; finishing non-woven fabrics D06); FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING {; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION}(non-woven fabrics having an intermediate or external layer of a different kind, e.g. of woven fabric, B32B) [2020-05]
NOTES

  • In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
    • "non-woven fabrics" means fabrics formed wholly or partly of textile material by processes comprising operations other than the weaving, knitting, braiding, lacing or knotting of yarns, threads or filaments for which provision is made in other subclasses of section D. This expression includes felts, cotton-wool and wadding;
    • "fibre" means a relatively-short, elongated member of natural or man-made material;
    • "filament" means an endless or quasi-endless, elongated member of natural or man-made material;
    • "yarn" means a unitary assembly of fibres, usually produced by spinning;
    • "thread" means an assembly of yarns or filaments, usually produced by twisting;
    • "synthetic" fibres or filaments means fibres or filaments or the like manufactured from synthesising polymers or small molecules. Examples are polyamide, acrylic, polyester or carbon fibres;
    • "artificial" fibres or filaments means fibres or filaments or the like manufactured by man from natural polymers or their derivatives. Examples are regenerated cellulosic fibres or semi-synthetic fibres;
    • "man-made" fibres or filaments means fibres or filaments which are manufactured by man including "synthetic" or "artificial" fibres.
  • In this subclass:
    • some of the non-woven fabrics can also be regarded as "layered products" within the meaning of subclass B32B, and further classification in that subclass should be considered in accordance with the notes thereto;
    • in cases where the making of non-woven fabrics involves the use of particular chemical compounds or compositions, e.g. for treating or bonding fibres, filaments or yarns, further classification in other appropriate subclasses should also be considered.
  • By varying the proportions of fibres or threads, and the chemical compounds or compositions, the final products may be given the appearance of paper, cardboard, leather or the like.
WARNING

  • In this subclass non-limiting references (in the sense of paragraph 39 of the Guide to the IPC) may still be displayed in the scheme.
Kinds or types of non-woven fabrics; Apparatus or processes for making such products [2013-01]
D04H 1/00
Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/005
.
{Making three-dimensional articles by consolidation (D04H 1/22 takes precedence)} [2016-08]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backfile is being reclassified into groups D04H 1/00, D04H 1/42
D04H 1/02
.
Cotton wool; Wadding [2013-01]
D04H 1/04
.
from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres (felting apparatus D04H 17/00) [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/06
. .
by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping or curling of fibres [2013-01]
WARNING

D04H 1/067
. . .
Regenerated cellulose series [2013-01]
D04H 1/073
. . .
Acrylonitrile series [2013-01]
D04H 1/08
. .
and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/09
. . .
Silk [2013-01]
WARNING

D04H 1/10
. . .
Felts made from mixtures of fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/12
. . . .
and incorporating artificial organic fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/14
. . . .
and incorporating inorganic fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/16
. . .
Laminated felts in which the separate layers are united by a felting process [2013-01]
D04H 1/20
. . .
Felts incorporating inserts or attachments, e.g. for ornamental purposes [2013-01]
D04H 1/22
. . .
Three-dimensional articles formed by felting processes [2020-05]
D04H 1/24
. . .
Covers felted on to three-dimensional articles [2013-01]
D04H 1/26
. .
Wood pulp [2013-01]
D04H 1/28
. .
Regenerated cellulose series [2013-01]
D04H 1/30
. .
Collagen [2013-01]
D04H 1/32
. .
Synthetic pulp [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/40
.
from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties [2013-01]
WARNING

D04H 1/407
. .
containing absorbing substances, e.g. activated carbon [2013-01]
D04H 1/413
. .
containing granules other than absorbent substances [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/42
. .
characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece [2016-05]
WARNING

D04H 1/4209
. . .
Inorganic fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/4218
. . . .
Glass fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/4226
. . . . .
characterised by the apparatus for manufacturing the glass fleece [2013-01]
D04H 1/4234
. . . .
Metal fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/4242
. . . .
Carbon fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/425
. . .
Cellulose series [2013-01]
D04H 1/4258
. . . .
Regenerated cellulose series [2013-01]
D04H 1/4266
. . .
Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H 1/425 [2013-01]
D04H 1/4274
. . .
Rags; Fabric scraps [2013-01]
D04H 1/4282
. . .
Addition polymers [2013-01]
D04H 1/4291
. . . .
Olefin series [2013-01]
D04H 1/43
. . . .
Acrylonitrile series [2013-01]
D04H 1/4309
. . . .
Polyvinyl alcohol [2013-01]
D04H 1/4318
. . . .
Fluorine series [2013-01]
D04H 1/4326
. . .
Condensation or reaction polymers [2013-01]
D04H 1/4334
. . . .
Polyamides [2013-01]
D04H 1/4342
. . . . .
Aromatic polyamides [2013-01]
D04H 1/435
. . . .
Polyesters [2013-01]
D04H 1/4358
. . . .
Polyurethanes [2013-01]
D04H 1/4366
. . . .
Phenol series [2013-01]
D04H 1/4374
. . .
using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs [2013-01]
D04H 1/4382
. . .
Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather [2022-01]
D04H 1/43825
. . . .
{Composite fibres} [2022-01]
D04H 1/43828
. . . . .
{sheath-core} [2020-05]
D04H 1/4383
. . . . .
{sea-island} [2020-05]
D04H 1/43832
. . . . .
{side-by-side} [2020-05]
D04H 1/43835
. . . .
{Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends} [2022-01]
D04H 1/43838
. . . .
{Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres} [2022-01]
D04H 1/4391
. . .
characterised by the shape of the fibres [2022-01]
D04H 1/43912
. . . .
{fibres with noncircular cross-sections} [2022-01]
D04H 1/43914
. . . .
{hollow fibres} [2022-01]
D04H 1/43916
. . . .
{microcellular fibres, e.g. porous or foamed fibres} [2022-01]
D04H 1/43918
. . . .
{nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres} [2022-01]
D04H 1/44
. .
the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling [2013-01]
D04H 1/45
. . .
by forming intermeshing loops or stitches from some of the fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/46
. . .
by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres (D04H 1/45 takes precedence; needling machines D04H 18/00) [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/465
. . . .
{Hydraulic needling} [2013-01]
WARNING

D04H 1/48
. . . .
in combination with at least one other method of consolidation [2013-01]
D04H 1/482
. . . . .
in combination with shrinkage [2013-01]
D04H 1/485
. . . . .
in combination with weld-bonding [2013-01]
D04H 1/488
. . . . .
in combination with bonding agents [2013-01]
D04H 1/49
. . . . .
entanglement by fluid jet in combination with another consolidation means [2013-01]
D04H 1/492
. . . .
by fluid jet (D04H 1/49 takes precedence) [2013-01]
D04H 1/495
. . . . .
for formation of patterns, e.g. drilling or rearrangement [2013-01]
D04H 1/498
. . . .
entanglement of layered webs [2013-01]
D04H 1/50
. . .
by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping or curling of fibres (in combination with needling D04H 1/482) [2013-01]
D04H 1/52
. . .
by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements [2013-01]
D04H 1/54
. .
by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving (in combination with needling D04H 1/485) [2020-05]
​
D04H 1/5405
. . .
{at spaced points or locations} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 1/42 and sub-groups, D04H 1/54 and sub-groups
D04H 1/541
. . .
Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres [2022-01]
D04H 1/5412
. . . .
{sheath-core} [2022-01]
D04H 1/5414
. . . .
{side-by-side} [2022-01]
D04H 1/5416
. . . .
{sea-island} [2022-01]
D04H 1/5418
. . . .
{Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends} [2022-01]
D04H 1/542
. . .
Adhesive fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/544
. . . .
Olefin series [2013-01]
D04H 1/545
. . . .
Polyvinyl alcohol [2013-01]
D04H 1/546
. . . .
Polyvinyl acetate [2013-01]
D04H 1/548
. . . .
Acrylonitrile series [2013-01]
D04H 1/549
. . . .
Polyamides [2013-01]
D04H 1/55
. . . .
Polyesters [2013-01]
D04H 1/551
. . . .
Resins thereof not provided for in groups D04H 1/544 - D04H 1/55 [2013-01]
D04H 1/552
. . .
by applying solvents or auxiliary agents [2013-01]
D04H 1/554
. . .
by radio-frequency heating [2013-01]
D04H 1/555
. . .
by ultrasonic heating [2013-01]
D04H 1/556
. . .
by infrared heating [2013-01]
D04H 1/558
. . .
in combination with mechanical or physical treatments other than embossing [2013-01]
D04H 1/559
. . .
the fibres being within layered webs [2013-01]
D04H 1/56
. . .
in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/565
. . . .
{by melt-blowing} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 1/42 and sub-groups, D04H 1/54 and sub-groups
​
D04H 1/58
. .
by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives (in combination with needling D04H 1/488) [2016-05]
WARNING

D04H 1/587
. . .
characterised by the bonding agents used [2013-01]
D04H 1/593
. . .
to layered webs [2013-01]
D04H 1/60
. . .
the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently [2013-01]
D04H 1/62
. . . .
at spaced points or locations [2013-01]
D04H 1/64
. . .
the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/641
. . . .
{characterised by the chemical composition of the bonding agent} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 1/42 and sub-groups and D04H 1/64 and sub-groups
​
D04H 1/642
. . . .
{characterised by the impregnation or treatment-process or apparatus} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 1/42 and sub-groups and D04H 1/645 and sub-groups
​
D04H 1/643
. . . .
{characterised by a combination of the chemical composition and the impregnation or treatment process or apparatus} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 1/42 and sub-groups and D04H 1/645 and sub-groups
D04H 1/645
. . . .
Impregnation followed by a solidification process [2013-01]
D04H 1/65
. . . . .
using mixed or composite fibres [2013-01]
D04H 1/655
. . . .
characterised by the apparatus for applying bonding agents [2013-01]
D04H 1/66
. . . .
at spaced points or locations (D04H 1/68 takes precedence) [2013-01]
D04H 1/68
. . . .
the bonding agent being applied in the form of foam [2013-01]
​
D04H 1/70
.
characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres [2016-05]
WARNING

D04H 1/72
. .
the fibres being randomly arranged [2013-01]
D04H 1/724
. . .
forming webs during fibre formation, e.g. flash-spinning [2013-01]
D04H 1/728
. . .
by electro-spinning {(electro-spinning methods and apparatus D01D 5/0007)} [2017-08]
D04H 1/732
. . .
by fluid current, e.g. air-lay [2013-01]
D04H 1/736
. . .
characterised by the apparatus for arranging fibres (D04H 1/728, D04H 1/732 take precedence) [2013-01]
D04H 1/74
. .
the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel {(anisotropic fleeces)} [2013-01]
D04H 1/76
. .
otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way [2013-01]
D04H 3/00
Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length [2013-01]
D04H 3/002
.
Inorganic yarns or filaments [2013-01]
D04H 3/004
. .
Glass yarns or filaments [2013-01]
D04H 3/005
.
Synthetic yarns or filaments (D04H 3/013 takes precedence) [2013-01]
D04H 3/007
. .
Addition polymers [2013-01]
D04H 3/009
. .
Condensation or reaction polymers [2013-01]
D04H 3/011
. . .
Polyesters [2013-01]
D04H 3/013
.
Regenerated cellulose series [2013-01]
D04H 3/015
.
Natural yarns or filaments [2013-01]
D04H 3/016
.
characterised by the fineness [2013-01]
D04H 3/018
.
characterised by the shape [2013-01]
D04H 3/02
.
characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments [2013-01]
D04H 3/03
. .
at random [2013-01]
D04H 3/033
. . .
reorientation immediately after yarn or filament formation [2013-01]
D04H 3/037
. . .
reorientation by liquid [2013-01]
D04H 3/04
. .
in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles [2013-01]
D04H 3/045
. . .
for net manufacturing [2013-01]
D04H 3/05
. .
in another pattern, e.g. zig-zag, sinusoidal {(D04H 3/04 takes precedence)} [2013-01]
D04H 3/07
. .
otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way [2013-01]
D04H 3/073
. . .
Hollow cylinder shaped [2013-01]
D04H 3/077
. . .
Stick, rod or solid cylinder shaped [2013-01]
D04H 3/08
.
characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating [2013-01]
D04H 3/10
. .
with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically [2013-01]
​
D04H 3/102
. . .
{by needling} [2013-01]
WARNING

D04H 3/105
. . .
by needling (needling machines D04H 18/00) [2013-01]
D04H 3/11
. . .
by fluid jet [2013-01]
D04H 3/115
. . .
by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements [2013-01]
D04H 3/12
. .
with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form [2013-01]
D04H 3/14
. .
with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding [2013-01]
D04H 3/147
. . .
Composite yarns or filaments [2013-01]
D04H 3/153
. . .
Mixed yarns or filaments [2013-01]
D04H 3/16
. .
with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion [2013-01]
​
D04H 3/163
. . .
{at spaced points or locations} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 3/002 - D04H 3/018, and D04H 3/16
​
D04H 3/166
. . .
{the filaments being flash-spun} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 3/002 - D04H 3/018, and D04H 3/16
​
D04H 5/00
Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length [2016-05]
WARNING

D04H 5/02
.
strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling (needling machines D04H 18/00) [2013-01]
D04H 5/03
. .
by fluid jet [2013-01]
D04H 5/04
.
strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form [2013-01]
D04H 5/06
.
strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns [2013-01]
D04H 5/08
.
characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres or yarns [2013-01]
D04H 5/10
. .
otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way [2013-01]
D04H 5/12
.
Glass fibres [2013-01]
D04H 11/00
Non-woven pile fabrics (layered products forming non-woven pile fabrics B32B) [2013-01]
D04H 11/04
.
formed by zig-zag folding of a fleece or layer of staple fibres, filaments, or yarns, strengthened or consolidated at the folds [2013-01]
D04H 11/08
.
formed by creation of a pile on at least one surface of a non-woven fabric without addition of pile-forming material, e.g. by needling, by differential shrinking (needling machines D04H 18/00) [2013-01]
D04H 13/00
Other non-woven fabrics [2013-01]
​
D04H 13/001
.
{Making non-woven fabrics from staple fibres, filaments or yarns, bonded to at least one web-like material, e.g. woven, knitted non-woven fabric, paper, leather, during consolidation} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 13/00, D04H 1/4374 and B32B
​
D04H 13/002
. .
{characterised by the disposition or nature of their elements} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 13/00, D04H 1/4374 and B32B
​
D04H 13/003
. .
{strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods (needling machines D04H 18/00; knitting D04B, sewing D05B)} [2013-01]
WARNING

​
D04H 13/005
. . .
{by needling} [2013-01]
WARNING

​
D04H 13/006
. .
{strengthened or consolidated by the use of bonding agents in solid or liquid form} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 13/00, D04H 1/48 and sub-groups, D04H 1/498, D04H 5/04 and B32B
​
D04H 13/007
. .
{strengthened or consolidated by welding together the various components} [2013-01]
WARNING

  • This group is no longer used for the classification of new documents as from April 1, 2011. The backlog of this group is being continuously reclassified to D04H 13/00, D04H 1/54 and sub-groups, D04H 1/559, D04H 5/06 and B32B
​
D04H 13/008
.
{Glass fibre products; Complete installations for making them} [2013-01]
WARNING

D04H 13/02
.
Production of non-woven fabrics by partial defibrillation of oriented thermoplastics films [2013-01]
D04H 17/00
Felting apparatus [2013-01]
D04H 17/10
.
for felting between rollers, e.g. heated rollers [2013-01]
D04H 17/12
. .
Multi-roller apparatus [2013-01]
​
D04H 18/00
Needling machines [2015-07]
WARNING

D04H 18/02
.
with needles [2013-01]
D04H 18/04
.
with water jets [2013-01]