CPC Definition - Subclass C01P

Last Updated Version: 2024.01
INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Definition statement

This place covers:

The classification scheme C01P is systematically applied for classification of crystal-structural features (C01P 2002/00-C01P 2002/90), particle morphologies (C01P 2004/00-C01P 2004/90) and properties (C01P 2006/00-C01P 2006/90) of solid inorganic materials. The scheme is used for all incoming documents classified in C01B-C01G and in C09C from 1994 onwards. Although gradually extended, the major part of the present scheme is operational from 2003.

The back-log of the following C01-groups is completely classified according to the C01P-scheme:

C01B 13/14-C01B 13/366 (oxides in general complete)

C01B 19/00-C01B 19/04 (all selenides, tellurides)

C01B 21/06-C01B 21/076 (all nitrides)

C01B 32/90-C01B 32/956 (all carbides)

C01C 3/08-C01C 3/12 (all cyanides)

Special rules of classification

This classification scheme is applicable to the whole class C01 and subclass C09C.

Classes are attributed as complete as possible which can easily result in a number of 3 to 10 C01P-classes attributed per document.

Crystal-structural characteristics
Definition statement

This place covers:

Features relating to the crystal structure of inorganic compounds, which are independent from the size of the particles (C01P 2004/00) and which cannot be qualified as a macroscopic physical property (C01P 2006/00).

depicted by a TEM-image
Definition statement

This place covers:

Any image obtained by TEM or HRTEM, of particles completely or partially.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

TEM-images showing X-Ray data:

C01P 2002/72

TEM- (or SEM-) images of particles:

C01P 2004/03 (respectively C01P 2004/04)

Special rules of classification

Care should be taken not to use this class for SEM- (Scanning Electron Microscope) images which are not used for depicting crystal structures.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

TEM:

Transmission Electron Microscope

HRTEM:

High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscope

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscope

Amorphous compounds
Definition statement

This place covers:

Mostly only attributed to compounds which are described as being 100% amorphous.

One-dimensional structures
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

One-dimensional particles:

C01P 2004/10

Two-dimensional structures
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Two-dimensional particles:

C01P 2004/20

layered hydroxide-type, e.g. of the hydrotalcite-type
Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Hydrotalcite:

Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O

Synonyms and Keywords

In patent documents, the following abbreviations are often used:

LDH:

Layered Double Hydroxide

Three-dimensional structures
Definition statement

This place covers:

Structures not classified below, e.g. compounds with the garnet-structure

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Three-dimensional particles:

C01P 2004/30

spinel-type (AB2O4)
Definition statement

This place covers:

All compounds with the spinel structure.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Spinel:

MgAl2O4

perovskite-type (ABO3)
Definition statement

This place covers:

All compounds with the perovskite structure.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Perovskite:

CaTiO3

Solid solutions
Definition statement

This place covers:

Structures wherein one or more cations or anions can be replaced by other ion without change of the crystal structure.

Special rules of classification

Complete solid solutions are double classified according to both end members.

containing elements as dopants
Definition statement

This place covers:

The definition of dopant differs depending on the technical field.

In class C01 regarding the amount of replacing cation or anion is a limit value of about 5 atom-% taken as a rule.

Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
Definition statement

This place covers:

The crystallite size differs from the particle size (C01P 2004/60-C01P 2004/64) in that it concerns the crystalline domain size, i.e. the smallest single crystalline part of the material.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Characterizations of (primary or secondary) particle sizes:

C01P 2004/60

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Crystallite size:

The expression 'crystallite size' refers to the volume of powder material having one single crystalline structure. Mostly powders are polycrystalline and consist of a large number of crystallites held together by a crystallite- (or grain-) boundary.

by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
Definition statement

This place covers:

Tables or X-ray diagrams specifying d- or two theta-values together with intensities.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Compounds indicated by their crystallinity index:

C01P 2002/02

Amorphous compounds:

C01P 2002/04

by peak-intensities or a ratio thereof only
Definition statement

This place covers:

Situations wherein only peak intensities or a ratio of two intensities are given.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Intensities and two-theta (or d-values), e.g. by specification as X-ray diagram or in a table:

C01P 2002/72

by a space-group or by other symmetry indications
Definition statement

This place covers:

Symmetry indications: e.g. orthorhombic or hexagonal. Example: hexagonal BN.

by unit-cell parameters, atom positions or structure diagrams
Definition statement

This place covers:

'Structure diagrams' include all two and three dimensional ways of depicting the structure of a solid material.

by stacking-plane distances or stacking sequences
Definition statement

This place covers:

E.g. layer distances as specified in layered double hydroxide compounds (as such classified in C01P 2002/22).

by IR- or Raman-data
Definition statement

This place covers:

Infrared and Raman spectroscopy data (0.7-300 micrometer = 700-300.000 nm)

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

IR:

Infrared radiation

by UV- or VIS- data
Definition statement

This place covers:

UV and visible light data (380-750 nm wavelength).

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Inorganic luminescent materials:

C09K 11/08

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

UV:

Ultraviolet radiation

VIS:

Visible radiation ('Light')

by XPS, EDX or EDAX data
Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

XPS:

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

EDX:

Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy

EDAX:

Energy Dispersive X-ray Analytical Spectroscopy

EDS:

Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy

by NMR- or ESR-data
Definition statement

This place covers:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electron Spin Resonance data.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

NMR:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

ESR:

Electron Spin Resonance data

by chromatography data, e.g. HPLC, gas chromatography
Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

HPLC:

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

by thermal analysis data, e.g. TGA, DTA, DSC
Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

TGA:

Thermal Gravimetric Analysis

DTA:

Differential Thermal Analysis

DSC:

Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Particle morphology
Definition statement

This place covers:

Features relating to the size or shape of particles of inorganic compounds.

obtained by SEM
Special rules of classification

Care should be given not to confuse SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and TEM (Transmisson Electron Micrsocope) images.

Check the description carefully about this. Mostly is the magnification factor an indicator.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscopy

obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
Special rules of classification

Care should be given not to confuse SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and TEM (Transmisson Electron Micrsocope) images.

Check the description carefully about this. Mostly is the magnification factor an indicator.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

TEM:

Transmission Electron Microscopy

STEM:

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

STM:

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

AFM:

Atomic Force Microscopy

extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
Definition statement

This place covers:

All those particles whereby one dimension is significantly larger that the other two.

Synonyms and Keywords

In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:

  • "needle-like"and "acicular"
with a prismatic shape
Definition statement

This place covers:

The shape refers to the section considered perpendicular to the length.

with a cylindrical shape
Definition statement

This place covers:

The shape refers to the section considered perpendicular to the length.

Nanotubes
Definition statement

This place covers:

Nanotubes as defined by ISO/TS 27687 (available in BNS as XP008113666): being hollow nanofibres whereby a nanofibre is a nanoobject with two external dimensions in the nanoscale (1-100 nm).

Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
Definition statement

This place covers:

Nanofibres as defined by ISO/TS 27687 and further limited to those solid nanofibres with nearly equal dimensions in the nanoscale (1-100 nm).

Nanostrips, nanoribbons or nanobelts, i.e. solid nanofibres with two significantly differing dimensions between 1-100 nanometer
Definition statement

This place covers:

Nanofibres as defined by ISO/TS 27687 and further limited to those solid nanofibres with nearly equal dimensions in the nanoscale (1-100 nm).

extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
Definition statement

This place covers:

All those particles whereby two dimensions are significantly larger than the third one.

Nanoplates, i.e. plate-like particles with a thickness from 1-100 nanometer
Definition statement

This place covers:

Nanoplates as defined by ISO/TS 27687 and further defined as particles with only one dimension in the nanoscale (1-100 nm).

extending in three dimensions
Definition statement

This place covers:

All those particles of particular shape and not belonging to C01P 2004/10 or C01P 2004/20.

Aggregated particles or particles with an intergrown morphology
Definition statement

This place covers:

Aggregates in which particles are hold together by strong forces (chemical bonds also qualified as cementation) and wherein the resulting external surface area is significantly smaller than the sum of the surface area of the individual components.

Agglomerated particles
Definition statement

This place covers:

Agglomerates in which particles are hold together by weak forces (Van der Waals forces or simple physical entanglement) and wherein the resulting external surface area is about similar to the sum of the surface area of the individual components.

Particles with a specific particle size distribution
Definition statement

This place covers:

Any particle size distribution (e.g. three size distribution peaks) not classified in C01P 2004/52 or C01P 2004/53

highly monodisperse size distribution
Definition statement

This place covers:

Documents in which the particle size distribution is qualified as monodisperse or by a narrow size distribution curve.

Particles characterised by their aspect ratio, i.e. the ratio of sizes in the longest to the shortest dimension
Special rules of classification

This class is mostly given in case of needle-like or plate-like particles (high a.r.) However also to three dimensional particles in order to express the gact that they are equaxed in the three directions (low a.r.).

Particles characterised by their size
Definition statement

This place covers:

The indication of the largest size of the particle.

Special rules of classification

In case particles are characterised by a primary and secondary particles size does the size refer to the secondary particle size.

In case a document discloses a range for the particle size is the whole range classified including the both end members of the range.

Examples:

disclosed: d= 50-250 nm, classes given: C01P 2004/64, C01P 2004/62

disclosed: d= 0,25-80 micrometer, classes given: C01P 2004/62, C01P 2004/61

Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
Definition statement

This place covers:

Nanoparticles as defined by ISO/TS 27687: being nanoobjects with all three dimensions in the nanoscale (1-100 nm).

Physical properties of inorganic compounds
Definition statement

This place covers:

Features relating to the macroscopic physical properties of inorganic compounds.

Solid density
Definition statement

This place covers:

Values of densities for 100% full dense materials.

Powder tap density
Definition statement

This place covers:

Density values of tapped powders without further consolidation e.g. by pressing.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Tap density

Bulk density

Surface area
Definition statement

This place covers:

Values mostly obtained as BET-values and expressed in m2/g.

thermal stability thereof at high temperatures
Definition statement

This place covers:

Value mostly expressed as m2/g after heating at a specified T and t.

Pore volume
Definition statement

This place covers:

Mostly expressed as m3/g.

Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

DBP

DiButyl Phthalate

Attrition-index or crushing strength of granulates
Definition statement

This place covers:

The resistance of particles against applied mechanical forces.

Rheological behaviour as dispersion, e.g. viscosity, sedimentation stability
Definition statement

This place covers:

Mostly aqueous suspensions of particles, e.g. of calcium carbonate in water.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Emulsifiers as such

C09K 23/00

Thermal properties
Definition statement

This place covers:

E.g. thermal conductivity of AlN.

Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
Definition statement

This place covers:

Colour of inorganic materials.

Compositional purity
Definition statement

This place covers:

In general only added in combination with EC's which explicitly does address the purity of a product compound. Documents classified in purification-groups (e.g. C01F 7/46) should exceptionally get this code.

water content
Definition statement

This place covers:

E.g. water content after dehydration treatments.