U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
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Classification Index
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(definitions have been obtained from the
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Electronic Products Branch)
Class 165
HEAT EXCHANGE
Class Definition:
This class includes apparatus or process not provided for in
other classes for transferring heat, or apparatus or process
not provided for in other classes relating to an auxiliary
device particularly adapted to be used with such heat
transfer apparatus.
(1) Note. A patent including a claim having nominal
recitation of structure external to this class in combination
with significantly claimed heat transfer apparatus of this
class is included in this class. A patent including a claim
having significant recitation of structure external to this
class is excluded from this class unless specifically
provided for in this class. See Subclass References to the
Current Class, below, for a subclass reference for a
combination of a vehicle structure and significantly claimed
heat transfer apparatus, and for a combination of a building
structure and significantly claimed heat transfer apparatus.
(2) Note. Method of repairing, making, or assembling a heat
exchanger is not provided in this class but is classified in
an appropriate manufacturing class.
(3) Note. Any process claim appropriate for this class are
classified in the subclass providing for structure used in
the process.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3 for heating and cooling including addition or removal of
water vapor from air.
41 for a combination of a vehicle structure and
significantly claimed heat transfer apparatus.
47 for a combination of a building structure and
significantly claimed heat transfer apparatus.
58 and 200, see note for the line between Classes 62 and
165.
58 for a heating and cooling system with an ancillary
separator.
200 see "note" for the line between Class 165 and related
art.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclasses. See Lines With Other Classes and Within This
Class in the class definition of Class 34 for the line.
62, Refrigeration, appropriate subclasses, for processes
limited to refrigeration and apparatus having features
specialized to refrigeration. In general if the heat
exchanging means is such that it is adapted for
interchangeably or convertibly heating or cooling it is not
specialized to refrigeration. For example, features such as
ice supports, material phase changing means (refrigeration
producers), atmospheric condensate handling or an article
handler with means peculiar to refrigerating the article
would be considered specialized to refrigeration. As to
structure adapted to both heat and cool, see Subclass
References to the Current Class in this class (165). See
Subclass References to the Current Class for a subclass
reference to the the line between Classes 62 and 165.
65, Glass Manufacturing, 512 for specialized cooling of
newly formed glass fibers or filaments; subclasses 509+ for
specialized heating of newly formed glass fibers or
filaments; subclasses 348+ for means specialized to the
cooling of manufactured glass products; subclasses 484+ for
means specialized to exchange heat in a fiber or filament
forming operation and appropriate subclasses for processes or
means specialized to the application of or removal of heat in
glass manufacturing.
95, Gas Separation: Processes, for processes of gas
separation including heat exchange. Cold wall-hot wall
thermal diffusion processes will be found in Class 95,
subclass 289. Class 165 will take processes where only
indirect heat exchange is involved, whether or not gas
separation is said to occur. See Subclass References to the
Current Class in this class (165) for a subclass reference
for heating and cooling including addition or removal of
water vapor from air.
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas
separation including a heat exchanger. Cold wall-hot wall
thermal diffusion apparatus will be found in Class 96,
subclass 221. Class 165 will take apparatus where only
indirect heat exchange is involved, whether or not gas
separation is said to occur. See Subclass References to the
Current Class in this class (165) for a heating and cooling
system with an ancillary separator.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses
for food treating apparatus having heating or cooling means
combined with additional apparatus specialized to food.
100, Presses, 92 for presses means to heat, cool or dry the
material.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, 32 for an indirectly
heated closed liquid container with an internal vapor
separator, and appropriate subclasses for a closed liquid
heating vessel with a heat generator and for an accessory or
element that of necessity must form a part of the liquid
heating combination.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 33 for a stove with a
steam table; subclasses 204+ for a body warmer: subclasses
226+ for a tool heater; subclass 247 for a frictional heater;
subclasses 263.01+ for a chemical reaction type heater;
subclasses 561+, 569+ and 714 for a solar heater; subclass
343.5 for a melting furnace; and appropriate subclasses, for
open liquid heating structures not equally adapted for
cooling, for heating stoves, for means for the application of
heat for house warming and cooking purposes, and for
specialized accessories and elements of such means.
137, Fluid Handling, 334 particularly subclass 340 for fluid
handling apparatus combined with means to heat or cool a part
of the system or its contents by a heat exchange.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 37 for general utility pipe
having flow regulator or baffle.
159, Concentrating Evaporators, appropriate subclasses, for
means for the generation and transfer of heat of the specific
purpose of concentration by evaporation.
196, Mineral Oils: Apparatus, 104 for a still designed for
mineral oil distillation and subclasses 138+ for condensing
peculiarly adapted and limited to the mineral oil art.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, 163 and 232+ for apparatus
for volatilizing a substance for the purpose of recovering
material from the vapor by condensation or absorption.
203, Distillation: Processes, Separatory, subclass 41 and
42, for a process of volatilizing a substance and recovering
material from the vapor by some type of sorption.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, 175, 612+, 664, 737,
742, 766, and 774 for processes and apparatus of that class
with heat or heat exchange.
219, Electric Heating, appropriate subclasses for an electric
heater or an electrically heated tool.
221, Article Dispensing, subclass 150 for subject matter of
that class with cooling or heating.
222, Dispensing, subclass 146 for dispensers with heating or
cooling means.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
44 for automatic humidity controlling mechanism; subclass 46
for temperature or a humidity controlling mechanism including
a timing means; and appropriate subclasses for a temperature
or humidity control mechanism for a control of general
utility. The line between Class 165 and 236 is: Class 165
takes: (a) Nominal recitation of a means for heating and
cooling, and a means for automatically controlling the means
for heating and cooling. (b) Specific heat exchanger
structure in combination with a means for automatically
controlling a heat exchanger. (c) Specific heat exchange
structure in combination with a means for automatically
controlling a heating and a cooling means. Class 236 takes:
A patent with nominal recitation of a heat exchanger in
combination with a means for automatically controlling a
heating or cooling means.
237, Heating Systems, 70 for a heat distributing means
peculiarly adapted for heating, and appropriate subclasses
for (1) a heat producer combined with means for distributing
a fluid heated thereby and (2) apparatus including systems
for heating a room, chamber, house or other inclosing
structure when such apparatus is not equally adapted for
cooling. See Subclass References to the Current Class for a
subclass reference to the line between Classes 237 and 165.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, subclass 13
and 128+ for processes and apparatus of that class with
heating or cooling.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass
23 and 65+ for processes and apparatus of that class with
heating or cooling.
252, Compositions, particularly 67 and 71+. Patents are
placed in Class 252 (1) claiming admixtures of ingredients,
or claims to an old compound limited to use as a heat
exchange agent, (2) processes of heat exchange comprising
known heat exchange steps broadly recited and distinguished
solely by the composition or compound used, and (3) apparatus
with the composition or compound therein, where
characteristics of apparatus structure are not claimed. The
preceding are placed in Class 252 even though freezing or
boiling points or temperatures of use are specified.
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, appropriate subclasses
for apparatus specially adapted to produce an intimate
contact between gases and liquids to exchange properties or
mutually modify conditions; particularly, 127 for a gas
liquid contact device with an immediately associated means
for externally supplying heat to or removing it from a
contact fluid before, after or during contact to perfect the
contact operation; and subclasses 158+ for a contact device
in which heat is interchanged between contact fluids out of
contact before, after or during contact.
291, Track Sanders, 19 for subject matter of that class with
a heater.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 236 for the
combination of a cabinet and a heater or heat exchanger,
having no feature relating to the promotion or control of the
flow of the fluid in the cabinet relative to the heat
exchanger.
366, Agitating, appropriate subclasses for agitating process
or apparatus of general utility; 144 for an agitator in
combination with a heating or cooling means. The line between
Classes 165 and 366 on combined agitator and heat exchanger
is:
Class 165 takes: (a) All patents with significant heat
exchange structure in combination with nominal structural
recitation of an agitator. (b) All patents with a heat
exchanger having an agitator which operates on a working
fluid (e.g., a coolant or heating fluid), whether or not the
agitator structure is broadly or significantly claimed. (c)
All patents with a heat exchanger having a working fluid
(e.g., a coolant or heating fluid) which goes through the
inside of a movable portion of an agitator, whether or not
the agitator structure is broadly or significantly claimed
Exception to the above statements (b) and (c): Patents in
which a working fluid is agitated by an agitator and then
allowed to be mixed in a mixing chamber containing a material
or fluid to be treated ( heated or cooled) are classified in
Class 366.
Class 366 takes: (a) Significant agitator structure in
combination with significant structure of a heat exchanger.
(b) Significant agitator structure in combination with
nominal structure of a heat exchanger.
Exception to the above statements (a) and (b): A patent with
a heat exchanger having a working fluid (a coolant or heating
fluid) which goes through the inside of a movable portion of
an agitator is classified in Class 165, whether the agitator
structure is significantly or broadly claimed. Class 366
takes a heat exchanger having an agitator which operates on a
working fluid only if the working fluid is then allowed to
flow into a mixing chamber containing a material or fluid to
be heated or cooled.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate
subclasses for electrical furnaces.
376, Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and
Elements, 210, 298+, 322, 378+, and 402+, for heat exchange
devices used in combination with nuclear reaction systems.
383, Flexible Bags, for hot water and ice bags, per se.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclass 305 for
fume generators.
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and
Products, appropriate subclasses.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass, for a residual material
heating apparatus or method.
454, Ventilation, appropriate subclasses for apparatus for
supplying air to, removing it from, or distributing in an
enclosure with or without heating and without a specific heat
exchange means.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
4
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a non-fluent heat storing mass that in
alternation has heat added to it by one fluid stream and
removed from it by another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.11 for a fluent material forming part of the heat
transfer apparatus that recycles between two zones picking up
heat at one zone and discharging it at another.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 638, 641 for a process
specialized to liquid gas production utilizing a regenerator
and subclasses 644+ for a liquefied gas producer having a gas
treater upstream of a rectifier that may be of the
regenerative type.
137, Fluid Handling, 309 for a regenerative system
consisting of reversing valves and only the fluid passages of
the regenerator.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, subclass 123, for a vertical
thermolytic retort with a regenerator and subclasses 141+,
for a horizontal thermolytic retort having vertical flues and
reversible regenerators.
432, Heating, subclass 39, for the automatic control of the
selection or load balancing of furnace exhaust heated
regenerators; 40, for the automatic control of a Cowper
stove; 54, for residual heating apparatus with an
interlocked, interconnected or multiway controller
alternating flow of heated and heating fluid; 70, for
residual heating apparatus with a slag or dust separator at a
regenerator or recuperator; and 80 for a residual furnace in
which the work chamber exhaust heats the work chamber feed by
a regenerative type heat exchanger.
Subclass:
5
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Apparatus
wherein provision is made for the cleaning of the heat
storage mass.
Subclass:
6
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Apparatus
wherein the heat storage mass is movable first into one of
the fluid streams and then into another of the streams and
there is an enclosing support for the mass with inlets and
outlets for the exchanging streams.
Subclass:
7
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus with
fluid handling elements additional to the mass and its
enclosing support.
Subclass:
8
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Apparatus in
which the two streams pass through circumferentially spaced
parts of the mass, which is rotatable.
Subclass:
9
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus having
provisions for preventing leakage of the fluid flowing
through the rotary mass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, 95 for a coupling with a
fluid pressure seal, and subclasses 335+ for a packed pipe
joint.
Subclass:
9.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Apparatus
comprising a heat storage mass made up of plural, shaped,
modular units of refractory material arranged to form an
openwork structure of interconnected passages; or a module,
per se, if particularly adapted for use in such a mass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 574 for an
assembly of alternating, reversed identical form modules of
general utility; subclasses 578+ for a general utility
assembly of modules with a discrete edgewise connecting
feature; and subclasses 596+ for a module of general utility
having inter-relating structure.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, subclass 111, 122, 123, 130,
140, 143, 144, 146, 148, and 267 for regenerative heating
devices used in stills.
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, subclass 139 for metallurgical
apparatus provided with a gas heater of the heat storage
type.
432, Heating, subclass 28 for a process of utilizing or
operating a heat storage mass; subclass 51 for the timing,
programming or cycling control of heat storage masses;
subclass 54, for the intercontrol of heated and heating fluid
to a heat storage mass; subclass 70, for a heat storage mass
having a lint, dust, or slag separator or collector;
subclasses 180+ for a combustion products heated furnace in
which the chamber exhaust heats the chamber feed by means of
a heat storage mass; subclass 214, for a heat storage mass of
solid material combined with a heat generator.
Subclass:
9.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1. Apparatus in
which the modular units are (1) arranged to form a flow
passage increasing or decreasing in size along the assembly
or (2) are formed of different material along the direction
of flow providing progressive resistance to damage by heat or
having progressive heat storing characteristics.
Subclass:
9.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1. Apparatus with
means forming a distinct fluid distributing or collecting
chamber at an end of the heat storage mass.
Subclass:
9.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1. Apparatus in
which the modular units are arranged in a gas confining
shell.
Subclass:
10
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Apparatus
relating to the structure of the heat storing mass.
Subclass:
11.1
WITH ALARM, INDICATOR, SIGNAL REGISTER, RECORDER, TEST OR
INSPECTION MEANS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus with an alarm, indicator, register, recorder,
signal or tester; or with means which permits inspection of
normally hidden parts of the apparatus or of the fluid inside
the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 125 for a refrigerating system with an
indicator or tester.
73, Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for a
measuring or testing device, per se.
Subclass:
11.2
Remotely controlled inspection means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11.1. Apparatus
which the inspection means is manipulated from outside the
heat exchanger by an operator.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having (1) means dependent on vehicle motion, (2) a
defined vehicle traction feature, or (3) a defined vehicle
body feature other than that merely forming the structure
enclosing a space to be heated or cooled or supporting a
heating or cooling means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 and 271, for control means responsive to vehicle
motion.
234 where the vehicle is an aircraft having means to
compensate for variations in ambient pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 239 for a vehicle having refrigerating
apparatus not combined with heating apparatus.
152, Resilient Tires and Wheels, subclass 153 for a
resilient tire with a cooling device.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 12.3 for a heating system not
combined with a cooling system for a vehicle body in which
the vehicle motor serves as the heat generator for the
system; and subclasses 28+ for a vehicle having heating
apparatus, but not cooling.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Apparatus
having means for both heating and cooling that is more than a
mere carrier for heat between a source and a sink.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Apparatus in
which there is on the vehicle a common power supply for the
vehicle and the cooling apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 243 for a refrigeration system
installed on a vehicle with a common power supply for the
vehicle and refrigerating system.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 12.3 for a combined power
plant and heating system for a vehicle other than a railway
car and subclasses 12.4+ for a similar structure on a railway
car.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Apparatus
including means which makes use of the motion of a vehicle to
perform some function of heat exchange.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 241 for a vehicle mounted refrigeration
system utilizing the motion of the vehicle.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus wherein the structure is related to some feature of
the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, 641.1 for a power plant utilizing natural
heat.
62, Refrigeration, subclass 260 for a refrigerating
apparatus having a geos:graphical feature.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, 561, 569+ and 714, for a solar
heater.
166, Wells, 57 for heat exchange apparatus comprising part
of a well apparatus for producing or treating a well.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 17 for earth
boring with means for changing the temperature of all or a
portion of a bore or boring equipment within the bore.
299, Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material, 3
for in situ conversion of solid to fluid for recovery of
valuable material and including melting or other use of
heat.
405, Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclass 56 for a
method or apparatus relating to the heating or cooling of the
earth surrounding an underground fluid storage cavity; and
subclasses 130+ for subject matter relating to temperature
modification of an earth formation.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a nonrigid cover or applicator unit;
e.g., sheet, bag, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
2, Apparel, subclass 171.3 for a head covering with forced
air circulator.
4, Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, 524 for a device
for treating the body or a body member with hot air or
vapor.
5, Beds, 421 for beds or mattresses with heating or cooling
means.
36, Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, 83 for a heated boot or
shoe.
62, Refrigeration, subclass 530 for an envelope type of
cooling device.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, 204 for a body warmer.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclass 44 for a flexible panel with liquid supplying
means.
383, Flexible Bags, subclass 901 for hot water and ice
bags.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate
subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a
flexible single or plural layer web or sheet.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus with means performing an operation external to the
subject matter of this class or with a static construction
installation, wherein there is included only so much
structure foreign to Class 165 to associate it with the
apparatus of Class 165.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for a heat exchanger with a vehicle body or traction
feature.
45 for a heat exchanger having a feature related to the
earth.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
65, Glass Manufacturing, subclass 267 for a blow mold having
heating or cooling means; subclass 319 for a press mold
having heating or cooling means; and subclasses 355+ for
other glass manufacturing apparatus having heating or cooling
means.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, 15 for a washing
machine with a tank heater.
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 69, 128, 200+, 286, 342, and
364, for a process or apparatus for modifying or maintaining
the temperature of a machine or a metal workpiece in
connection with deformation of the workpiece.
118, Coating Apparatus, 58 for a coating machine with a heat
exchanger treating the work.
119, Animal Husbandry, subclass 14.09 for a milking machine
with a cooler; subclasses 302+ for a heated incubator;
subclasses 311+ for a heated brooder and subclass 73 for a
temperature controlled watering device.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 369-369.3 for a steam
chamber for food.
132, Toilet, 41.01 for a hair device with a heater.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, 105 for a
cleaning or liquid contact with solids apparatus with a heat
exchanger.
141, Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver
Coacting Means, subclass 82 for a receiver filling device
with material heating or cooling structure.
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, 15.1 for an
electrical conductor or insulator with cooling structure.
184, Lubrication, 104.1 for a lubricator with heating or
cooling means.
188, Brakes, subclass 264 for a brake with a cooling and
lubricating means, and subclass 274 for a fluid-resistance
brake with a heat exchanger for the fluid.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, for a clutch with a
cooling and lubricating means.
204, Chemistry, Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate
subclasses for electrical treatment apparatus in combination
with heat exchange means; especially subclass 239 and 241
for an electrolytic apparatus with a heater or cooler.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclass
11 for a solid separator with heat treatment means; and
subclass 238 for a sifter with heating or cooling means.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, 175 for a liquid
separator with an ancillary heat exchanger.
215, Bottles and Jars, 12 for a bottle or jar with a spaced
wall or jacket.
220, Receptacles, subclass 592.05, 592.23, 592.24, 495.01+,
23.9, and 23.91 for a receptacle of that class with a spaced
wall or jacket.
222, Dispensing, subclass 183 for dispensing apparatus wit a
jacket casing.
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, subclass 46 for apparatus for
metal fusion bonding combined with cooling means and
subclasses 199+ for corresponding methods.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, 65 for a
solid material comminutor with a temperature modifier for the
material.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 238 for a photocell with
temperature control means, subclass 352 for temperature
controlled infrared responsive electric signalling means,
subclass 429 for fluent material containment support or
transfer means including temperature control of the fluent
material, subclasses 493.1+ for invisible ray generator with
cooling means.
269, Work Holders, subclass 7 for a work holder with means
for solidification of the work holding medium.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, cross-reference art collection 930 for a
seal having a heating or cooling feature.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, subclass 41 for a pipe joint
or coupling with heating or cooling means.
297, Chairs and Seats, 180.1 for a chair or seat with a heat
exchanger.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 52 for a
rotary electrical motor or generator with cooling means.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, 11 for an electric
lamp or discharge device with a temperature modifier. See
Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class in the
definition of Class 313 for a statement of the line between
Class 165 and Class 313.
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, 26 for an electric discharge device of the
consumable electrode type with temperature modifying means.
331, Oscillators, subclass 69 for an oscillator housing with
a temperature modifier and subclass 70 for an oscillator with
a temperature modifier.
336, Inductor Devices, 55 for an inductor device with
temperature modifying means.
338, Electrical Resistors, 53 for an electrical resistor
with cooling gas or liquid circulation.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 676 and
subclass 688 for miscellaneous electrical apparatus not
elsewhere provided for with cooling means.
362, Illumination, subclass 294 for a projecting lantern
with cooling means.
366, Agitating, 22 for a mortar mixer with a heat exchange
device.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, 42 for a
condenser in an electric furnace system.
384, Bearings, subclass 317 for a rotary bearing with
cooling means.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 249 for a
broaching machine with means to modify the temperature of the
work or tool.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclass 186.11,
186.19 and 186.20 for ozonizers with heating or cooling
means; and subclass 186.26 for arc or spark discharge
reactors with cooling or pressurizing means.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, the appropriate apparatus subclass for the
combination of heating or cooling means therewith; but see
especially subclass 378.1 for an extrusion shaping machine
including heating or cooling means, subclass 384 for
apparatus for reshaping or vulcanizing a nonmetallic preform
including both heating and cooling means, and subclass 406
for a press molding machine for non-metals including both
heating and cooling means; see the search notes thereunder.
439, Electrical Connectors, 190 for an electrical connector
having a retainer or passageway for fluent material; and
subclasses 485+ for an electrical connector with provision to
dissipate, remove, or block the flow of heat.
494, Imperforate Bowl: Centrifugal Separators, 13, for a
separator of that class provided with means for exchanging
heat.
Subclass:
48.1
Heating and cooling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Apparatus in
which the installed heat exchange apparatus performs both a
heating and cooling operation that is more than a mere
carrying of heat between a source and a sink.
Subclass:
48.2
Solar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 48.1. Apparatus
including a solar heater or a solar cooler.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 48.1. Apparatus
wherein a heat exchanging element is installed as an area of
a room surface.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 48.1. Apparatus
wherein there is a heat exchanger in each of a plurality of
rooms and a fluid from a central heated or cooled supply
communicates with the heat exchangers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
205 for automatic, interlocked plural zone and central
system control.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Apparatus in
which the heat exchanger is associated with an engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for a heated and cooled vehicle in which the vehicle
engine supplies the heat and the power to operate the heating
and cooling system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, 320 for treatment by heat exchange of the
exhaust from the motor of a power plant.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 41.01 for a
device limited by structure to use as an internal combustion
engine element and having associated cooling means; and
subclass 142.5 for an internal combustion engine element with
means using heat from one part to heat another part by
exchanging heat between the parts.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 19.5 for a stove oven or
vessel in which a combustion engine serves as the heat
generator.
237, Heating Systems, 12.1 for a heating system receiving
heat from a power plant.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Apparatus in
which one passage of the heat exchanger is flow connected to
an engine exhaust port and another passage is flow connected
to the engine inlet.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 543 for a heated charge
forming device, subclasses 364+ for an internal combustion
engine with a feed oil evaporator; and subclass 142.5 for a
device limited by structure to use as an internal combustion
engine element with means using heat from one part to heat
another part by exchanging heat between the parts.
181, Acoustics, 282 for a jacket or casing, per se, for a
muffler.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Apparatus in
which the heat exchanger is installed on the wall, floor or
ceiling structure of a chamber having a function external to
the subject matter of this class and in which the heat
exchange is incidental to the primary use of the chamber,
which, for example, may be as a shelter or transportation
unit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 where the chamber has an associated vehicle feature.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Apparatus in
which the heat exchanger is in a flow path that includes a
passage providing communication between the inside and
outside of the chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
237, Heating Systems, 46 for a heating system with means for
withdrawing stale air from the heated chamber.
454, Ventilation, appropriate subclasses for apparatus and
processes for supplying air to or removing it from enclosures
where there is neither particular structure of the heat
exchanger nor any particular relationship between the heat
exchanger and the enclosure ventilated.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Apparatus in
which a covering construction is mounted on the enclosure
forming structure with a portion projecting inwardly from the
plane of the structure to form therewith a flow channel in
which the heat exchanger is mounted.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Apparatus in
which the heat exchanger is located in or is formed by an
opening or recess in the enclosure forming structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for a radiant building panel with heating and cooling
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 451 for a refrigerator having a
flow coolant container within the hollow wall of an
enclosure.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 69 for a heating system in
which an enclosure floor structure is heated.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Apparatus in
which the opening or recess communicates with the chamber.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus for the treatment of material additional to the
parts of the apparatus by (1) selectively adding heat to or
removing it from the external material, (2) simultaneously
adding heat to and removing it from the same external
material and (3) by adding heat to and removing it from
distinct external materials where more than a transfer or
heat from one of the materials to the other is involved.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for heating and cooling processes.
42 for a heated and cooled vehicle.
48.1 for a structurally installed heating and cooling
system.
201 for automatically controlled heating and cooling
apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 62 and see
the Notes thereto.
62, Refrigeration, appropriate subclasses, particularly
subclass 7, 79, 90, 122, 159+, 173, 238.1+, 277+, and 324.1+,
for combined heating and cooling performed by a refrigerating
producing system and subclass 238.1 for a refrigeration
producer utilizing a disparate heat source as an operating
energy source. The line between Classes 62 and 165 on
combined heating and cooling is: (1) Class 62 takes (a) a
refrigeration producing system and related processes used for
both heating and cooling even though the rejected heat is
utilized, and (b) a refrigeration system combined with
heating means for removing or preventing the deposition of
condensate (frost) or for thawing a freezing mold; (2) Class
165 takes (a) a refrigeration producer having means to
convert the same to a heating system so that it no longer
functions as a refrigeration producer (as by omitting the
evaporator) and (b) a refrigeration producer combined with
heating means not provided for under (1) above.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
appropriate subclasses, for regulating a single temperature
changing element to maintain plural temperatures, which
single element may at some times act as a heater and other
times as a cooler; see particularly subclass 1.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Apparatus
including means to supply fresh air to a chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
248 for automatic ventilation control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 409, 410+ and 427 for
refrigerated and ventilated enclosures.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Apparatus
including a gas and liquid contact device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, 127 for heated or
cooled gas and liquid contact devices; and appropriate
subclasses for other gas and liquid contact structures.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Apparatus by
which a material or its container can be both heated and
cooled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
254 for automatic selection of heating or cooling.
259 for devices in which a single sensor controls both
heating and cooling.
265 for manual selection of heating or cooling combined with
automatic control of the condition modifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 62, for a
drier or gas or vapor contact with solids apparatus having a
means cooling the dried solids.
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, 121 for metallurgical
apparatus for treating solid metal with both heat and a
liquid.
432, Heating, 77, for a residual heating apparatus combined
with structure for merely reducing the temperature of the
heated work toward ambient temperature.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
wherein a refrigeration producing system has means to change
the same to a heating system.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
wherein the heating and cooling means includes apparatus to
cause a cooling effect by producing a change in the condition
of a material, e.g., change of phase of a material.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
wherein the heating and cooling means includes a device by
which heat is produced by transformation of energy, e.g.,
electric heater or burner.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
including a flow path having spaced heating and cooling heat
exchangers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
223 for devices in which the reheating of a cooled stream is
controlled by a humidistat.
263 for devices in which the reheating of a cooled stream is
controlled by a thermostat.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 276, 277, 453+,
and 470, for heat exchange apparatus in combination with food
treatment apparatus.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Apparatus
wherein there is an exchange of heat between fluid flowing
toward and fluid flowing away from a heat exchanger.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus combined with structure for supporting the
apparatus or a component thereof relative to means external
to the device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, appropriate subclasses for a support, per se.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Apparatus in
which the supporting structure comprises elements extending
downwardly from the heat exchanger for supporting it from a
subjacent external surface or means.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus wherein resilient members are placed between
elements of a heat exchanger and serve to dampen vibration.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 295 for a resiliently supported
power or heat rejecting element in refrigerating apparatus;
and subclass 296 for a muffler or sound damper in a
refrigerating apparatus.
248, Supports, 560 for resilient supports, per se.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to collect material which leaks
from the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11.1 for a leakage indicator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, 312 for a leakage collector on a fluid
handling system not specialized to heat exchange.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, 13 for a leakage or drip
disposal arrangement for a pipe joint not specialized to heat
exchange.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having a discharge opening additional to the normal
flow inlet and outlet of a heat exchanger and closed by a
cock or plug, for removing material from a flow path of the
heat exchanger.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having an exterior opening closed by a releasably
mounted covering section.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for a removable purge or drainage plug.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
49, Movable or Removable Closures, appropriate subclasses for
a closure of the type provided for and see Lines With Other
Classes and Within This Class, for the loci of closures
specific to the furnace and heating classes.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Apparatus in
which material within or flowing to or from the apparatus
having the removable covering section is heated or cooled by
the removable section or by a device supported by the
section.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
202, Distillation: Apparatus, subclass 243, for a closure
for a still or retort cooled by a fluid within or flowing
through the closure.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Apparatus in
which the heat exchange means extends inwardly from the
access opening and provides an exchange surface within the
receptacle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, 17 for an electric
lamp or discharge device projecting into a temperature
modifying jacket.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Apparatus in
which the covered opening provides access from the exterior
of a casing to space within it, in which the temperature
modifying means is located.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means, other than the parts making up the
heat exchanger and securing them in operative relationship,
which means aids in the assembly or disassembly, or restores
or aids in restoring the apparatus to its former condition
after injury or decay.
(1) Note. Mere devices with disconnectable pipe joints are
not repair or assembly means and are classified in
appropriate subclasses below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 890.03 for the process of making a heat
exchanger or boiler and subclasses 726+ for apparatus for
assembling and disassembling a heat exchanger.
62, Refrigeration, 298 for refrigerating apparatus with
repair, assembly or disassembly means.
901, Robots, appropriate subcollections for a robot device in
general.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Apparatus
including a hinge upon which a part of the heat exchanger
pivots between operative and inoperative positions.
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Apparatus
wherein a supporting structure, e.g., a trackway, serves as a
guide during the assembly or disassembly of parts of the
apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 303 for a refrigerator with
repair or assembly means including sliding or rolling
guides.
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Apparatus
wherein the parts are assembled by settable material and
means is provided for guiding the settable material into
position or retaining it in position as it sets.
Subclass:
80.1
WITH RETAINER FOR REMOVABLE ARTICLE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means maintaining a removable article or
device in position relative to attempering structure or
fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 where the removable article or device is or includes a
cover for an access opening.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses for work holders,
per se.
Subclass:
80.2
Electrical component:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80.1. Apparatus
which the article is a current conducting element utilized as
part of an electrical device.
Subclass:
80.3
Air cooled including fins:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80.2. Apparatus in
which heat from the electrical component is removed through
structure which includes fins in an environment of stationary
or moving air.
Subclass:
80.4
Liquid cooled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80.2. Apparatus in
which cooling of the electrical component is effected by
liquid coolant.
Subclass:
80.5
Including liquid heat exchange medium:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80.1. Apparatus in
which heating or cooling is effected by a liquid medium.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus with provision for dimension variation of a heat
exchanger element produced by temperature change.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 573.1 for
a building structure with means accommodating dimension
variations due to changing conditions.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Apparatus
including a non-rigid interconnection between a temperature
modifying means and an associated casing or frame.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Apparatus
wherein the interconnection includes a flexible fluid
confining wall structure, e.g., a bellows.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means by which a wall through which heat is
transferred is intermittently flexed or distorted.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass
104.07 for a pipe and tube cleaning hammer and subclass
104.08 for a device for cleaning a pipe or tube by deforming
it.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a mechanically driven impeller or agitator
is operated by the force or pressure of the material or of
the material with which it exchanges heat.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a heat exchange device with movably
supported surface means, said movable surface means being
exposed for contact with material to be heated or cooled by
the surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for a heat exchanger carried through a fluid by movement
of a supporting vehicle.
73 for a temperature modifier carried by a removable cover
for an access opening.
84 for a vibrating temperature modifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 345 for a congealed product producer
having a freezing surface mounted for movement during
freezing; subclasses 448+ for a unit of a refrigeration
producing assembly movably associated with an enclosure; and
subclass 499 for a unitarily movable evaporator and
condenser.
159, Concentrating Evaporators, 7 for a concentrating
evaporator with a moving support for an evaporating film.
432, Heating, 135, for an apparatus including a heat
generator and a traveling heat emitter carrying or stirring
work material.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Apparatus
wherein the movable surface means is a part of a hollow
rotating device and said surface is in the plane of a helix
about the axis of rotation of the device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers) 96 for a
hollow rotary impeller with a heat exchange medium therein.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Apparatus
including a rotatable device having within it separate flow
paths for exchanging fluent materials.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 130 for a
rotary drum drier with gas or vapor flow, and treated
material flow, and heating means.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Apparatus in
which the movable heat transfer surface means comprises a
part of a wall of a cylindrical tank device mounted for
rotation about the axis of the cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 108 for a
rotary drum type drier.
62, Refrigeration, subclass 346 for a rotary drum type
material concealer.
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 69, 128, 200+, 286, 342, and
364 for a process or apparatus for modifying or maintaining
the temperature of a machine or a metal workpiece in
connection with deformation of the workpiece.
159, Concentrating Evaporators, subclass 11 for a film type
concentrating evaporator having a rotary drum or disc.
432, Heating, 103, for a tumbler type rotary drum including a
heat generator, or otherwise specialized to the application
of heat to work material.
492, Roll or Roller, subclass 46 for a roll, per se, not
elsewhere provided for, having heating, cooling or heat
transfer means.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Apparatus with
means positioning, directing or holding an exchanging fluid
against the exterior of the tank or cylinder.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus with
a blade device extending along a surface of the tank cylinder
and traversed by the surface during its movement.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Apparatus in
which the movable heat exchange surface passes through a body
of fluent material to give movement to parts of the body
relative to other parts of the body or its container.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
366, Agitating, subclass 147 for heat exchange medium in
stirrer of agitator.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in
which the movable attempered surfaces sweep across the
vertically spaced shelves moving material therealong and into
shelf openings.
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus wherein a member moves along and in close proximity
to surface of a heat exchanger to mechanically dislodge from
the surface material undergoing heat exchange.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 342 for a congealed product producing
means with means for working the congealed material, and
subclass 354 for a congealed product producing means with a
moving scraper.
159, Concentrating Evaporators, subclass 33 for an open pan
type concentrating evaporator with a rake means.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means for cleaning or facilitating the
cleaning of a part of the heat exchange apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 for a regenerative type of heat exchanger with cleaning
means.
71 for a heat exchanger with a drainage cock or plug.
84 for a heat exchanger with means flexing or jarring a heat
exchange surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 301 for
installed cleaners involving no modification of the heat
exchanger and subclasses 104.03+ for pipe and tube cleaning
implements.
62, Refrigeration, subclass 303 for refrigerating apparatus
with cleaning means.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, 379 for a closed liquid
heater or vaporizer with cleaning means.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclasses for cleaning apparatus of more general utility.
137, Fluid Handling, 237 for a fluid handling system not
specialized to heat exchange with cleaning means.
451, Abrading, for an abradant type of scouring device.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a movable means for adjusting the rate or
direction of flow of heat, or of heat exchanging fluid, or
for starting or stopping such flow.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
200 for a device in which the adjustment is automatic.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 383 for a refrigerating system
with a movable thermal means varying heat transmission.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in
which the movable controller selects the direction of fluid
flow through a temperature modifying section of the heat
exchanger.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for a regenerative type heat exchanger having a heat
storage mass through which flow is periodically crossed or
reversed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 324.1 for a refrigerating system in which
the flow of refrigerant may be reversed or crossed and
subclass 325 for a system in which the flow of external fluid
may be reversed or crossed.
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 309 for a reversing valve of
the regenerative furnace type, per se.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in
which the adjustable flow controlling means is positioned
adjacent to and controls flow through a radiator face.
Subclass:
99
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus in
which the adjustable means is located at the discharge of the
radiator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
454, Ventilation, 284 for a register controlling the
discharge of air from a duct or housing.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in
which the movable controller apportions or stops flow in
verging flow paths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
282 294 and 296+, for the automatic control of branched flow
of heat exchanging fluid.
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Apparatus in
which the flow adjuster controls the flow through parallel
commonly supplied paths each of which has a temperature
modifying section.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Apparatus in
which the movable device controls flow between a tortuous
flow path and a direct flow path formed by baffles within a
fluid conducting, heating or cooling vessel.
Subclass:
103
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Apparatus in
which the movable controller adjusts flow between a heating
or cooling branch and another branch in common with the
heating or cooling branch.
Subclass:
104.11
INTERMEDIATE FLUENT HEAT EXCHANGE MATERIAL RECEIVING AND
DISCHARGING HEAT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a retained body of material forming part
of the apparatus acts as a heat storage or carrier means for
the apparatus and flows from an area where heat is added to
an area where heat is removed.
(1) Note. The flowing material of this and the indented
subclasses may serve to retain heat and transport that heat
to another location.
(2) Note. A heat carrier means is continuous in operation
so that at any time a given amount of heat is added and an
equal amount of heat is removed. A heat storage means is
intermittent in operation so that heat may be added at a
different rate than it is removed.
(3) Note. Application of heat to one location of a
stationary mass of fluid will effect flow of the fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for heating a retained solid mass to the liquid state
without flow thereof; and for heat transfer to solid material
that is caused to move nonfluently.
236 for automatic control of heat storage in a heating and
cooling system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 430 for refrigerating apparatus including
an intermediate fluid container transferring heat to a heat
absorber or holdover.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, for a heat source combined with
means to retain a body of flowable material to distribute the
heat to another location.
201, Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, 10 for a process
in which hot fluent material, part of the apparatus, is used
to carbonize carbonaceous material.
252, Compositions, 67 for a composition to be used as a heat
transfer agent.
Subclass:
104.12
Reversible chemical reaction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.11. Apparatus
wherein heat is applied to the retained body of material to
effect electron exchange or sharing and heat is removed from
the retained body of material to effect reverse electron
exchange or sharing, so that the retained body of material
returns to its original condition.
(1) Note. Included herein is apparatus utilizing chemical
bonding as in adsorption and desorption if they are
endothermic and exothermic reactions.
Subclass:
104.13
Plural intermediate fluent heat exchange materials:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.11. Apparatus
wherein a first and a second retained body of material, each
forming part of the apparatus, act as heat storage or carrier
means for the apparatus and each flow from an area where heat
is added to an area where heat is removed.
(1) Note. Apparatus including a retained body of Freon and
a retained body of oil, even if in direct contact, is not
included in this subclass unless there is a specific
disclosure that the purpose of each material is to act as a
heat storage means. The normal purpose of the oil in such a
mixture is to lubricate the moving parts of the apparatus.
(2) Note. Each retained body of material must be of the
type found in subclass 104.11.
Subclass:
104.14
Always out of direct contact with each other:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.13. Apparatus
wherein the apparatus is compartmentized to prevent
engagement of the retained bodies of material with each
other.
Subclass:
104.15
Solid fluent heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.11. Apparatus
wherein the retained body of material which acts to receive
and discharge heat exists, at least during part of the normal
operation of the apparatus, in the solid state.
(1) Note. The solid heat exchange material of this subclass
may be pelletized or particulated so that flow takes place.
For placement herein, it is required that there be flow of
the material, not just movement. For example, included
herein is an apparatus having a conveyor that dumps the heat
exchange material thereby allowing it to flow, whereas an
apparatus that carries similar material continuously is
excluded since at no time is the material allowed to flow.
(2) Note. The retained body of material may be fluent when
in the liquid state and may be nonfluent when in the solid
state but must be solid at least during part of the normal
operation of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for heat transfer to solid material that is caused to move
under continuous control of the apparatus.
104.19 for a retained body of material which is solid when
not in use but liquid during the normal operation of the
apparatus.
Subclass:
104.16
Fluidized bed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.15. Apparatus
wherein the retained body of material is supported against
gravity by a flow of liquid or gaseous material passing
therethrough such that the retained body of material is
rendered fluent and is confined in a pool like area.
Subclass:
104.17
Utilizing change of state:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.15. Apparatus
wherein the heat of fusion or the heat of vaporization of the
retained body of material is intentionally used to assist in
heat storage or in heat transportation.
Subclass:
104.18
Including means to move heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.15. Apparatus
including structure to force the retained body of material to
move from one area to another.
(1) Note. Structure utilizing gravity or capillary
attraction is not considered to be provided with means to
move the retained body of material.
Subclass:
104.19
Liquid fluent heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.11. Apparatus
wherein the retained body of material which acts to receive
and discharge heat exists, at least during some part of the
normal operation of the apparatus, in the liquid state.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.15 for apparatus which functions with the retained body
of material in the liquid state and at other times in the
solid state during the normal operation of the apparatus.
Subclass:
104.21
Utilizing change of state:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.19. Apparatus
wherein the heat of vaporization of the retained body is
intentionally used to assist in heat storage or in heat
transportation.
Subclass:
104.22
Including means to move heat exchange material in liquid
state:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.21. Apparatus
provided with means to act to force the retained body of
material, while in liquid state, to flow.
(1) Note. Structure utilizing gravity, steady-state
centrifugal force, or capillary attraction is not considered
to be provided with means to move the retained body of
material. Structure generating centrifugal force to cause
material to flow is included herein.
(2) Note. A thermosiphon for causing the material to flow
is considered to be a means for moving heat exchange
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.21 for similar apparatus wherein liquid heat exchange
material moves by the effect of gravity.
104.26 for similar apparatus wherein liquid heat exchange
material moves by capillary attraction.
104.28 for similar apparatus wherein the liquid heat
exchange material does not change state during operation of
the apparatus.
Subclass:
104.23
By direct application of electrical energy to heat exchange
material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.22. Apparatus
wherein the retained body of material is of such composition
that it can be manipulated by electrical energy applied
thereto, and wherein the forcing means acts by applying such
energy to the retained body of material in the liquid state.
Subclass:
104.24
By application of heat other than in heat receiving area:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.22. Apparatus
wherein the retained body of material is caused to flow by
means serving to apply thermal energy thereto for the
specific purpose of causing the material to flow, which
thermal energy is applied at a location of the apparatus
remote from the locations at which heat is added or removed.
(1) Note. While heat is added to the heat exchange material
by the apparatus of this subclass causing the material to
move, the quantity is generally insignificant, rather the
heat is applied for the recited purpose of causing the
material to move rather than to raise the temperature
thereof.
Subclass:
104.25
By application of mechanical energy:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.22. Apparatus
including means to engage the material of the retained body
and transfer that material to effect its flow.
Subclass:
104.26
Utilizing capillary attraction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.21. Apparatus
including a tubelike passage for flow of the retained body of
material while in the liquid state, wherein the passageway is
sufficiently small such that the surface tension of the
material serves to influence the flow of material passing
therethrough.
(1) Note. The capillary flow of this subclass is deemed to
be inherent in the design of the structure, as in the case of
provision for gravity flow, and the capillary tube is not
therefore considered to be means to move the retained liquid
material.
(2) Note. A "heat pipe" with a capillary passageway or
wicking material therein is considered to involve a change of
state.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.22 for similar structure wherein flow of the retained
material is caused by mechanical means in engagement
therewith.
Subclass:
104.27
With pressurizing means or degassifying means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.21. Apparatus
combined with means to alter the ambient pressure acting on
the retained body of material or combined with means to
separate or release vaporous material from the retained body
of material.
Subclass:
104.28
Including means to move heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.19. Apparatus
provided with means to act to force the retained body of
material to flow.
(1) Note. Structure utilizing gravity or capillary
attraction is not considered to be provided with means to
move the retained body of material.
(2) Note. A thermosiphon for causing the material to flow
is considered to be a means for moving heat exchange
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.21 for similar apparatus wherein liquid heat exchange
material moves by the effect of gravity.
104.22 for similar apparatus wherein liquid heat exchange
material is moved, which material changes state during
operation of the apparatus.
104.26 for similar apparatus wherein liquid heat exchange
material moves by capillary attraction.
Subclass:
104.29
Utilizing formed bubble:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.28. Apparatus
wherein vapor lighter than other portions of the material
rises through the apparatus to carry liquid material along.
Subclass:
104.31
By application of mechanical energy:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.28. Apparatus
including means to engage the material of the retained body
and transfer that material to effect its flow.
Subclass:
104.32
With pressurizing means or degassifying means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.19. Apparatus
combined with means to alter the ambient pressure acting on
the retained body of material or combined with means to
separate or release vaporous material from the retained body
of material.
(1) Note. Means to force the retained body of material to
flow is not considered to alter the environmental pressure
acting on the retained body under the definition of this
subclass.
Subclass:
104.33
Cooling electrical device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.19. Apparatus
particularly adapted to removing heat from a member, which
member has been previously heated by resistance to
electricity passing therethrough.
Subclass:
104.34
Including means to move gaseous heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.11. Apparatus
with means to act to force the retained body of gaseous or
vaporous material to flow.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means providing for flow of exchange
fluid in a delineated path from the discharge of a heat
exchange zone back to the inlet of the zone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.11 for an intermediate retained fluent material forming
a part of the apparatus recycling in a flow path to transfer
heat receiving zone.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 376 for refrigerating apparatus
with liquid contacting a discrete commodity with means for
recirculating the liquid.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, 406 for a closed liquid
heater with circulation means.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 387.1 for an open-top
liquid heating vessel that may include a lid having an
agitator or circulator using the heated liquid within the
vessel.
Subclass:
109.1
WITH AGITATING OR STIRRING STRUCTURE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means for imparting movement to parts of
a body of exchange material within a heat exchange
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
84 for means flexing, jarring or vibrating a heat exchange
surface.
85 for an agitator or impeller having a motor operated by
exchange fluid.
87 for a hollow, heating or cooling screw type impeller.
88 for a rotor with separate chambers for two exchanging
fluent materials; e.g., cooled tumbling drum.
92 for a heat exchanger having stirrer or scraper with an
internal passage for a heating or cooling fluid.
94 for a heat exchanger with a scraper removing product from
a heat exchange surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 342 for refrigerating means producing a
congealed or modified product with means for working the
congealed or modified product, and subclass 392 for a
refrigerated liquid dispenser with an agitator for the
withdrawable liquid.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having structure within a flow path establishing or
maintaining a body or stream of a fluid of one density in
communication with a fluid of a second density.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
60 for a heating and cooling system including a gas-liquid
contact device.
226 for the automatic control of a gas and liquid contact
device in a heating and cooling system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 272 for a heat absorber with means
handling water condensed from the air, and subclasses 304+
for means specialized to cooling including a gas liquid
contact device.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 34 for an
indirectly heated liquid vaporizer having an internal vapor
separator; subclasses 488 to 492 for a closed liquid
vaporizer with a vapor-liquid separator; and subclass 508 for
a steam dome for a liquid vaporizer.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 113 for a hot air furnace
having an air moistener or subclass 389.1 for an open-top
liquid heating vessel that may include a lid having a vent
for steam emitted from the liquid that may be a passageway to
a stove hole in a stove top.
137, Fluid Handling, 154 for diverse fluid containing
systems not specific to heat exchange.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, 157 for a liquid
separator with an ancillary heat exchanger.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 78 for a heating system
radiator having an air moistener.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus in
which a chamber or flow passage in which the two fluids
communicate, has a separate discharge port for separate
withdrawal of each of the fluids.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
58 for a combined heating and cooling system with an
ancillary gas separator.
71 for a heat exchanger with a purge, or drainage, cock or
plug.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 36 for means for producing a liquefied
gas product from a gas and subclass 475 for a refrigerant
producer having an element separately discharging refrigerant
and a separate impurity.
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas
separation of the type provided for in Class 96 combined with
a heat exchanger.
159, Concentrating Evaporators, appropriate subclasses for a
concentrating evaporator.
196, Mineral Oils: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for
mineral oil separating apparatus.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, 163 for the volatilization
and condensation of a liquid to be recovered from a mixture,
especially subclasses 185+ for a condenser combined with a
still; and subclasses 239+ for an element specialized to
distillation.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, subclass 180 for a
heated liquid separator with vapor or gas removal means.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Apparatus in
which there is a means for changing the temperature or
pressure of one of the fluids separated by the withdrawal.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Apparatus in
which the fluid modification is effected by a heated or
cooled surface forming a part of the apparatus.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Apparatus
having a flow directing means adjacent the outlet for a less
dense fluid, directing such fluid into its outlet or
directing a heavier fluid away from the outlet.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus
including means for establishing a liquid layer, which layer
flows by gravity along a surface confining it or drops from
one surface to another, said surface of a separate
temperature modifying means closely adjacent thereto serving
to heat or cool the liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 39 for a closed
liquid vaporizer of the film type.
159, Concentrating Evaporators, 13 for a concentrating
evaporator of the moving film type.
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, subclass 153 for a
gas liquid contact device having a gas exposed liquid body or
sheet contacting a heat exchanger and having means promoting
the contact of gas with the liquid.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Apparatus
comprising vertically spaced shelves in a liquid flow path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, subclass 148 for a
heated or cooled absorption or rectification column.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Apparatus
comprising vertically spaced horizontally extending exchange
fluid conducing pipe sections with means distributing liquid
along the exterior of an upper pipe section for flow
thereover onto the exterior of a lower pipe section.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Apparatus in
which the heated or cooled surface is a section of a figure
of revolution having a vertical axis.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including apparatus for separating solid materials
from a heat exchanging fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 317 for refrigerating apparatus with a
separator-clarifier for the cooled fluid or ice melt.
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas
separation of the type provided for in Class 96 combined with
a heat exchanger.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, 153 for a
structurally installed liquid separator wherein there is
included only enough heat exchange structure to associate it
with the filter and subclasses 175+ for a liquid separator
with an ancillary heater or heat exchanger.
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having a kinetic energy device acting on the
material being treated to move or carry it within or through
the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for a device in which the motion of a vehicle causes
fluid to move over an attemperator.
85 for a heat exchanger in which an agitator or impeller
motor is operated by exchange fluid.
86 for a device in which movement of material relative to an
attempered surface is produced by movement of the
attemperator.
94 for a heat exchanger with a scraper removing product from
a heat exchange surface.
107 for a heat exchanger having a mechanical impeller
pumping an intermediate fluid between a heat receiving and a
heat rejecting zone.
108 for a heat exchanger with recirculation means.
109 for a heat exchanger with agitating or stirring
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclasses for a drier with material handling and heating
structure.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, 360 for a filled
receptacle type of food cooker with a conveyor; subclass 420
for a spit or impaling type of food cooker with a conveyor
and subclass 443 for a food cooker with a conveyor; for
apparatus that uses kinetic energy to aid in separating one
portion of food from another, search subclasses 518+, 571,
586, and 623+.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclasses, for means handling a solid material in contact
with a liquid not specific to heat exchange.
137, Fluid Handling, 334 for a fluid handling system with
heating or cooling of the system.
221, Article Dispensing, subclass 150 for an article
dispenser with heating or cooling means.
222, Dispensing, subclass 146 for a fluid dispenser with
heating or cooling means.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 36 for a cabinet
with a magazine type article discharge device having cooling
means.
432, Heating, 121, for a residual material heating chamber
with heating structure having means by which the work is
progressed or moved mechanically and subclass 230, for a
residual heat emitter and means moving or guiding work
relative to the heat emitter.
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Apparatus
wherein a motor driven means, e.g., a fan, moves a gaseous
fluid across or through a temperature modifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 426 for a refrigerating device with means
forcing air across or through an evaporator and subclasses
467+ for a refrigerant compressor and its connected condenser
specialized for use as a subcombination of a refrigeration
producer.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 110 for a pump moving air
through a hot air furnace.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus
wherein a housing surrounds both the temperature modifying
means and the gas pump.
Subclass:
123
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Apparatus
wherein the stream from the gas pump passes through a device
having a restricted outlet opening for increasing the
velocity of the stream.
Subclass:
124
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Apparatus
having structure for spreading or dividing an impelled gas
stream or uniting another stream therewith.
Subclass:
125
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus
including a temperature modifier of annular form having
radially extending gas passages.
Subclass:
126
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus
providing a single gas inlet and structure within the housing
for dividing the inlet stream into a plurality of distinct
streams.
Subclass:
127
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus
having a gas pump in each outlet stream.
Subclass:
128
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which temperature change caused by the heat
exchanger produces flow through a vertically extending
passage of the heat exchanger.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.21 for recirculation, including thermosyphonic, of an
intermediate fluid between a heat source and a heat sink.
108 for recirculation, including thermosyphonic, of a heat
exchange fluid.
120 for a mechanical or jet means moving a material through
a heat exchanger.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 564 for a distribution system
including a thermosyphonic circulating means.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 60 for a heating system with
water circulation of the vapor-lift pump type.
Subclass:
129
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus
wherein the flue is a housing that encloses a distinct
temperature modifier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for a wall mounted projecting shield that forms a fluid
passage for a temperature modifier.
57 for a temperature modifier mounted within a hollow in a
wall that is in communication with the room defined by the
wall.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
237, Heating Systems, subclass 79 for a radiator shield, per
se.
454, Ventilation, 43 for a building flue enclosing a
heater.
Subclass:
130
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus in
which facing structures conducting one fluid form between
them a vertically extending flue that produces flow of a
second fluid.
Subclass:
131
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Apparatus in
which vertically extending corrugations of a heat
transmitting sheet secured to a heating or cooling conduit
form flow producing flues.
Subclass:
132
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a tank and attempering means the tank
confining a body of fluid which is in constantly open
communication with the attempering means, the tank acting as
a storage reservoir and the attempering means being ancillary
to it.
Subclass:
133
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having a member covered by a conforming film of
diverse material, having a polished or roughened surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclass 13 for a
fog, frost or ice preventative coating composition; subclass
14.05 for a corrosion inhibiting coating composition; and
appropriate subclasses for coating compositions of general
application.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 145 for a coated pipe not
specialized to heat exchange.
252, Compositions, 381 for a protective coating
composition.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 152
and 155 for a stock material product in the form of a single
or plural layer web or sheet having a component which is
wrinkled, cracked, crazed or slit, and subclasses 409+ for
such a product having a particular surface characteristic.
Subclass:
134.1
WITH PROTECTOR OR PROTECTIVE AGENT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means to protect it from corrosion, wear,
soil or contamination; or to prevent it from receiving or
inflicting physical damage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for a heat exchanger with a shield projecting from a
wall.
69 for a vibration shield.
81 for protection against damage due to expansion or
contraction.
129 for a radiator within a convective casing.
133 for a heat exchanger with a protective coating.
200 for a condition responsive control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, 504 for a closed liquid
heater with a safety device.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 142.5 for the
combination of an internal combustion engine and means
supplying external energy to heat some part or adjunct of the
engine such as a radiator.
137, Fluid Handling, 59 for a freeze condition responsive
safety system; subclasses 67+ for a destructible or
deformable element control; and subclasses 343+ for a
protector for a fluid handling system not specialized to heat
exchange.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 27 for a freeze protecting
pressure compensator and subclasses 32+ for freezing and
thawing protection of a tubular conduit not specialized to
heat exchange.
204, Chemistry, Electrical and Wave Energy, 196.01 for
electrolytic object protection apparatus.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and
Methods of Preparing the Compositions, 724 for electrolytic
protection of a metal or metal alloy object.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 79 for a radiator shield and
subclass 80 for a heating system with an antifreeze device.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure 310, for
apparatus specialized to the protection of an object by the
application of a magnetic field.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, 7 for a method of
protecting metal from tarnish or corrosion.
432, Heating, subclass 233, for a heating apparatus element
having protective cooling structure.
Subclass:
135
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having structure provided to inhibit heat or sound
transmission.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for a resilient vibration dampener isolating an exchanger
element.
133 for a heat exchanger having a coating.
134 for a heat exchanger with protective means.
Subclass:
136
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Apparatus
comprising a panel having therein insulation and an exchange
fluid conducting means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for a flexible blanket or cover having a passage for an
exchange fluid therein.
49 for a radiant wall panel used in a heating or cooling
system.
56 for a constructural installation including a wall having
an internal passage for a heating or cooling medium.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), 220.1 for a mere
service duct within a building barrier.
62, Refrigeration, subclass 451 for a flowing coolant
container covered by insulation means or within a hollow wall
of a refrigerator and subclass 458 for a refrigerator having
an access surface open to the atmosphere.
Subclass:
137
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means whereby mode or condition of
operation can be changed by shifting or rearranging all or
some of the parts in a different relationship to each other,
or by addition or omission of a part.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for a system convertible between heating and cooling.
97 for a heat exchanger with means by which fluid flow may
be reversed or crossed within a heating or cooling zone.
Subclass:
138
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus combined with a device having a function other than
heat exchanging, or serving to perfect the heat exchange
apparatus.
(1) Note. See the search notes to the class definition for
other classes having heat exchange means.
Subclass:
139
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which (1) fluid from outside a heat exchanger is
supplied to a single passage of the heat exchanger through at
least two distinct inlets or (2) fluid from a single passage
of the heat exchanger is discharged outside of the heat
exchanger through at least two distinct outlets.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
100 for branched flow with a variable controller.
124 for a mechanical fan and temperature modifier in a
housing having verging gas flows.
282 294 and 296+, for automatic control of branched flow.
Subclass:
140
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus holding three or more noncommunicating fluids in
heat exchanging relationship.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.11 for means utilizing a sealed or recycling body of
fluent to transfer heat between two other materials.
Subclass:
141
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Apparatus in
which at least two of the fluid holders are concentric.
Subclass:
142
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a structure secured to a container and
projecting into the container, said structure comprising a
tube, the projecting end of which is closed, and in which
fluid is supplied to or removed from the projecting closed
end by an interior conduit means running from the secured end
to the closed end of the tube.
Subclass:
143
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including units, each made up of a conduit
surrounded by a casing forming a flow passage; said units
being connected for flow of one heat exchange fluid through
said plural units.
Subclass:
144
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a plurality of unitary, separate and
discrete assemblies connected by distinct flow means; each of
said assemblies being (1) a conduit with distinct heat
transfer structure, (2) a tube coil, (3) a group of assembled
side by side tubes or (4) one casing-conduit unit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 for interconnected plural casing-conduit units.
Subclass:
145
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Apparatus in
which the connected units are within the same enclosing
structure.
Subclass:
146
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including structure which provides a progressive
amount of heat transfer along a flow path by providing
graduated surface areas, or conductivities along the flow
path in the direction of flow.
Subclass:
147
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Apparatus in
which heat transfer takes place through the wall of a passage
increasing progressively in cross-sectional area.
Subclass:
148
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising container structure for line connection
to a source of a first exchange fluid, said structure being
traversed by a multiplicity of parallel, uniformly
distributed passages for a second fluid; said second fluid
passages extending through the apparatus and having inlet
points in common plane on one side of the container structure
and outlet ports in a common plane on the opposite side of
the structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for a thermosyphonic flue or convective circulation type
of radiator.
Subclass:
149
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Apparatus with
means providing a strengthening support or circumferential
cover for the fluid confining elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 for an external support for a heat exchanger.
Subclass:
150
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Apparatus, in
which the container structure comprises serially connected
tube sections.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Apparatus, in
which the container structure comprises side by side tubes
and the traversing passages are formed by distinct heat
transmitters traversed by the tubes.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Apparatus in
which the traversing passages are formed by a corrugated or
deformed sheet or sheets interposed between side by side
elements of the container structure.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Apparatus in
which the side by side tubes are connected to a common
header.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including structure forming two chambers having a
common axis and which do not unite.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
141 for concentric flow chambers in a means providing heat
interchange of three noncommunicating fluids.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
181, Acoustics, 282 for a jacket or casing, per se, for a
muffler.
220, Receptacles, subclass 592.05, 592.23, 592.24, 495.01+,
23.9, and 23.91 for a metallic receptacle with a spaced wall
or jacket not specialized by structure to heat exchange.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Apparatus with
means forming a third coaxial chamber communicating with one
only of the two chambers that do not unite.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Apparatus with
means forming a helical flow path in the outer chamber.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a fluid conducting assembly is arranged
inside of, but out of communication with, a housing means;
said assembly being (1) a coiled conduit (2) a group of side
by side conduits or (3) a conduit with distinct heat transfer
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
54 for a conduit assembly installed in a wall traversing
passage means.
55 for a conduit assembly within a space formed by a wall
and a projecting shield.
57 for a conduit assembly in a wall defined space.
74 for a heat exchanging means mounted on a cover for an
access opening and projecting into the covered chamber.
75 for a chamber with an internal attemperator and having a
removable cover for an access opening.
92 for a vessel or housing in which the conduit assembly
serves as a scraper or agitator.
108 for recirculation of a heat exchange fluid including
thermosyphonic circulation produced by a conduit assembly
within a vessel.
122 for a conduit assembly and a gas pump in a common
housing.
129 for a conduit assembly within a distinct housing forming
a thermosyphonic type flue.
134 for a heat exchanger with a protector that may be a
shield.
142 for a spur tube projecting into an enclosure.
143 for plural casing-conduit units that are line or common
header connected.
145 for line connected conduit assemblies in a common
casing.
154 for noncommunicating coaxial enclosures.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
181, Acoustics, 282 for a jacket or casing, per se, for a
muffler.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus in
which the conduit assembly comprises a header plate and
tubes, said plate forming with a section of the casing a
manifold for the tubes.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus
including a distinct flow director in the space between the
casing structure and the conduit assembly elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 for a heat exchanger in which a flow director forms a
first fluid holder or collector open to a second fluid.
124 for a temperature modifier and gas pump within a housing
with means producing verging flow.
134.1 for a protector that may be a flow directing baffle.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Apparatus in
which the flow director extends a substantial distance in the
direction of the center line of a casing having a distinct
longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Apparatus
including additional flow directing means transversely
arranged relative to the longitudinal flow director.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus
having a distinct structure within the space between the
conduit assembly elements and the casing holding the assembly
in position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for a heat exchanger with expansion relieving or
absorbing means supporting a tube assembly within an
exchanger.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus
including a continuous conduit which is coiled, looped or
bent within the casing stream.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a stream of one heat exchanging fluid is
conducted in indirect heat exchange relationship with a
stream of a second fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
140 for means providing interchange of three or more
fluids.
154 for a device in which the exchanging streams are
concentric.
157 for a device in which one of the fluid streams is in a
casing enclosing the conductor of the second stream.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Apparatus in
which plural passages for one fluid are interfitted and
intermingled with flow passages for another fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
148 where the interdigitated passages form a radiator core.
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus in
which the interfitted passages are formed between facing
sections of a plurality of thin members of considerable
surface area stacked face to face.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Apparatus in
which alternate interface passages of the stack are connected
by passage means penetrating or extending through plates of
the stack.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which an extended surface structure has a fluid
conductor conforming to the surface or has a passage formed
within it.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for a flexible envelope or cover type of heat exchanger.
49 for a heating and cooling radiant building panel.
56 for a heating or cooling panel making up a part of a
building.
89 for a rotatable drum with a heated or cooled surface.
94 for a heat exchange surface with a scraper.
115 for a heated or cooled trickler surface.
136 for a heating or cooling conduit and insulation within a
barrier or panel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 33 for a steam table.
237, Heating Systems, 70 for a heating system radiator.
Subclass:
169
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Apparatus in
which the extended surface is a part of an enclosure forming
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
154 for noncommunicating coaxial enclosures that may
comprise a vessel and its jacket.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigerator, 516 for an enclosure forming evaporator.
220, Receptacles, subclass 592.05, 592.23, 592.24, 495.01+,
23.9, and 23.91 for a spaced wall or jacketed receptacle not
specialized by structure to heat exchange.
Subclass:
170
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Apparatus in
which spaced areas of facing sheet, shell or plate sections
form a fluid conducting passage of a panel made up of such
sections.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 523 for a corrugated or embossed
wall evaporator.
Subclass:
171
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Apparatus
comprising side by side tubes with their interspaces
substantially covered by distinct interconnected structure.
Subclass:
172
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which two or more lengths or loops of tubing or
two or more tubular elements are assembled alongside each
other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for a trickler in which liquid flows across parallel
horizontal pipes.
130 for facing conduits forming a thermosyphonic flue.
144 for distinct conduit assemblies that are line
connected.
150 for a radiator of the core type made up of serially
connected tube sections.
151 for a radiator of the core type made up of side by side
tubes traversing a group of fins.
152 for a radiator of the core type made up of side by side
tubes spaced by deformed passage forming sheets.
157 for a tube assembly in a casing or tank.
171 for a panel or wall structure made up of side by side
tube elements.
Subclass:
173
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the tubular elements are interconnected by structure
forming a part of a communicating manifold chamber in which
fluid flow verges.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
153 for a tube manifold connecting side by side tubes in a
core type radiator.
158 for encased tube assembly with a manifold formed by a
tube sheet and casing section.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 512 for a tube
sheet specialized for use in a boiler.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Apparatus
wherein structure is provided for directing or distributing a
fluid within the conduits or header chamber.
Subclass:
175
This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Apparatus
including an additional manifold, the tubes receiving fluid
from one and discharging into the other.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Apparatus
wherein the manifolds are located at the same end of the
apparatus.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a hollow body of tubular formation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclass 38 for a pipe with
merely internal baffles designed to facilitate a transfer of
heat between fluids inside and outside of the pipe; and
appropriate subclasses for a pipe not specialized by
structure to heat exchange.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Apparatus with
means connecting the hollow body for flow of fluid
there-through or for supporting it in a heat exchanger.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for means supporting a conduit assembly in a casing.
173 for side by side tubular structures connected by a
manifold type header.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, 59 for a pipe support of general
application.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, for a pipe joint or coupling
of general application.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Apparatus
including external and internal heat transmitters projecting
from the body wall.
Subclass:
180
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Apparatus in
which the tubular structure includes elements made of
different materials.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 for a heat exchanger with a coated surface.
134.1 for a protector that may be a protective liner.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 140 for a pipe or tubular
conduit of general application having distinct layers.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Apparatus with
distinct heat conducting structure for enhancing the transfer
of heat.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151 for a core type radiator formed by side by side tubes
traversing fin means.
152 for a core type radiator formed by a heat transmitter
between two side by side tube means.
171 for a heat transmitter spanning side by side tube means
and forming a panel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 41.69 for an
internal combustion engine with a finned cylinder or head.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, for an electric
lamp or discharge tube with an attached radiating surface
member.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Apparatus
having spaced heat transmitting plate sections spaced along
the hollow body and distinct structure between the plate
sections holding them in position relative to each other.
Subclass:
183
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Apparatus in
which the longitudinal axis of the distinct heat conducting
structure is disposed in a plane parallel to or forming a
sharp angle with the axis of the tubular structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
171 for a panel formed by means, e.g., plate, spanning side
by side tube elements.
Subclass:
184
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Apparatus in
which the distinct heat conducting structure forms a helix
about the tubular structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
156 for coaxial enclosures with means forming a helical
passage in the annular outer enclosure.
Subclass:
185
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Elements for receiving heat from one material and conducting
it for discharging to another.
Subclass:
186
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus not otherwise classifiable.
Subclass:
200
WITH TIMER, PROGRAMMER, TIME DELAY, OR CONDITION RESPONSIVE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein associated with the heat transfer
apparatus there is an instrument having either: (a) a means
for measuring or recording time; or a device for controlling
the heat transfer apparatus at a predetermined time (e.g., a
clock- thermostat, an oven timer, etc.); or (b) a means for
scheduling or coordinating the performance of a repetitive
sequence of operations; or (c) a means for accepting an input
signal and providing a time interval before initiating an
output signal; or (4) a means to sense a randomly occurring
condition or a change in condition of the heat transfer
apparatus, wherein the sensing means operates to directly or
indirectly effect a change in an operation of the heat
transfer apparatus.
(1) Note. In many cases, a programmer controls a sequence of
operations of a cyclic nature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 157 for an automatically controlled
refrigerating system with a time and program actuator;
subclass 171 for control apparatus associated with a
gas-liquid contact cooler; subclass 176 for control of a
refrigeration system by a humidity sensor; subclasses 231+
for a refrigerating system controlled by a time or program
actuator; and appropriate subclasses for processes limited to
refrigeration and apparatus having features specialized to
refrigeration. Note. The line between Classes 165 and Class
62 is: Class 165 takes: (a) A reversible heat pump or a
refrigeration producing system that provides useful cooling,
in combination with a supplemental heating means near or on a
condenser for providing heat during a heating mode. (b) A
refrigeration evaporator or condenser, per se. (c) Nominal
recitation of an expansion device in combination with
specific evaporator structure. (d) A liquid receiver or an
accumulator which is built into or as a part of a heat
exchanger. (e) A refrigeration producer having means to
convert the same to a heating system so that it no longer
function as a refrigeration producer (e.g., by omitting the
evaporator, etc.). Class 62 takes: (a) A reversible heat pump
or a refrigeration producing system that provides useful
cooling. (b) Specific expansion device structure in
combination with an evaporator. (c) A reversible heat pump or
a refrigeration producing system that provides useful cooling
in combination with a heating means for removing or
preventing the deposition of condensate (frost) or thawing a
freezing mold.
(1) Note. A reversible heat pump or a refrigeration
producing system that provides useful cooling in combination
with a supplemental heating means at or on the condenser is
classified in Class 165. A refrigeration producing system
having means to convert the same to a heating system so that
at one time it no longer functions as a refrigeration
producer (e.g., omitting the evaporator, etc.) is also
classified in Class 165.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
44 for automatic humidity controlling mechanism; subclass 46
for temperature or a humidity controlling mechanism including
a timing means; and appropriate subclasses for a temperature
or humidity control mechanism associated with general
utility. Note. The line between Class 165 and 236 is: Class
165 takes: (a) Nominal recitation of a means for heating and
cooling, and a means for automatically controlling the means
for heating and cooling. (b) Specific heat exchanger
structure in combination with a means for automatically
controlling a heat exchanger. (c) Specific heat exchange
structure in combination with a means for automatically
controlling a heating and a cooling means. Class 236 takes:
A patent with nominal recitation of a heat exchanger in
combination with a means for automatically controlling a
heating or cooling means.
237, Heating System, 70 for structure of a radiator of a
heating system.
(1) Note. The line between Classes 165 and 237 on
reversible heat pump or refrigeration producing system is:
Class 165 takes: A reversible heat pump or refrigeration
system that provides useful cooling in combination with a
supplemental heating means on or near a condenser for
providing heat during a heating mode. Class 237 takes: A
reversible heat pump or refrigeration producing system that
only provides useful heating.
(2) Note. The line between Classes 165 and 237 on radiator
for heating is: Class 165 takes: (a) Radiator structure, per
se. (b) Radiator structure in combination with building
structure. Class 237 takes: A patent with a heating system
for a habitable enclosure (e.g., building structure, etc.)
having a radiator in combination with a heat generator (e.g.,
boiler, steam generator, etc.) or in combination with a means
to distribute radiator fluid to different areas of the
habitable enclosure (e.g., piping, a plurality of connected
radiators, etc.).
366, Agitating, appropriate subclasses for agitating process
or apparatus of general utility; 144 for an agitator in
combination with a heating or cooling means.
(1) Note. The line between Classes 165 and 366 on combined
agitator and heat exchanger is: Class 165 takes: (a) All
patents with significant heat exchange structure in
combination with nominal structural recitation of an
agitator. (b) All patents with a heat exchanger having an
agitator which operates on a working fluid (e.g., a coolant
or heating fluid), whether or not the agitator structure is
broadly or significantly claimed. (c) All patents with a heat
exchanger having a working fluid (e.g., a coolant or heating
fluid) which goes through the inside of a movable portion of
an agitator, whether or not the agitator structure is broadly
or significantly claimed. Exception to the above statements
(b) and (c): Patents in which a working fluid is agitated by
an agitator and then allowed to be mixed in a mixing chamber
containing a material or fluid to be treated (heated or
cooled) are classified in Class 366. Class 366 takes: (a)
Significant agitator structure in combination with
significant structure of a heat exchanger. (b) Significant
agitator structure in combination with nominal structure of a
heat exchanger. Exception to the above statements (a) and
(b): A patent with a heat exchanger having a working fluid (a
coolant or heating fluid) which goes through the inside of a
movable portion of an agitator is classified in Class 165,
whether the agitator structure is significantly or broadly
claimed. Class 366 takes a heat exchanger having an agitator
which operates on a working fluid only if the working fluid
is then allowed to flow into a mixing chamber containing a
material or fluid to be heated or cooled.
454, Ventilation, appropriate subclasses for ventilation
means and related processes not including specific heat
exchange means.
Subclass:
201
Having heating and cooling capability:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
including a heating and cooling system capable of providing
heating and cooling to an area at the same time or at
different times.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 80 for system with defrosting or frost
inhibiting; and subclass 90 for refrigeration system with
reheating.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 468, 486+ for
apparatus with automatic control or time means; subclass 470
for apparatus with sequential heating and cooling; and
subclass 483 for apparatus having noncooking heat treatment
of food.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for control of heating and cooling; subclass 91 for
thermostatic control of hot and cold; and appropriate
subclasses for automatic temperature and humidity control
mechanisms.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 760 for
measuring and testing device with temperature control.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclass 113 for
resistance furnace devices for cooling.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 45 for thermal
testing of a non-thermal quantity.
432, Heating, appropriate subclasses for a residual material
heating apparatus or method.
Subclass:
202
Vehicle installation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
wherein the heating and cooling system is mounted in a
vehicle capable of transporting an occupant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 42-43, for heat exchange apparatus combined with vehicle
feature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 239, 243, 244 for refrigeration
system combined with vehicle feature.
219, Electric Heating, 202 for heating devices combined with
vehicle component.
237, Heating Systems, 12.3 for heating system of vehicle.
454, Ventilation, subclass 75 for vehicle ventilation system
having automatic control means; subclasses 69+ for vehicle
ventilation system; and appropriate subclasses for
particular structure of ventilation system.
Subclass:
203
Plural temperature regulators for plural zones:
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter
wherein the vehicle has a plurality of distinct areas which
are heated or cooled; and wherein each of the distinct areas
has its own temperature sensor and temperature setter.
Subclass:
204
Flow control of chest, foot, or defrost air in vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Subject matter
including means to regulate the amount of air discharged into
the vehicle through a port located at either a chest level of
an occupant, near a foot area of an occupant or adjacent to a
windshield of the vehicle.
Subclass:
205
Plural temperature regulators for plural zones:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
including a plurality of distinct areas which are heated or
cooled, wherein each areas has its own area control means
comprising a temperature sensor and a temperature setter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for zone control for heating and cooling medium; subclass
49.3 for electrically actuated ventilator; and subclass 49.4
for pneumatically actuated ventilator.
Subclass:
206
Nonbuilding system (e.g., machine tool, chemical analyzer,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
wherein said plurality of distinct areas are associated with
structure other than a habitable enclosure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
392, Electric Resistance Heating Devices, subclass 482, 486,
490 for special features of electric resistance heating
devices.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclass 305 for
fume generators, appropriate subclasses for processes or
apparatus for treating material.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, 143 for plastic or earthenware shaping or
treating apparatus having temperature control means.
432, Heating, subclass 18 for heating process wherein work
is subjected to diverse treatment or graduated temperatures;
subclasses 43+ for heating devices having condition
responsive control.
Subclass:
207
Refrigeration system having an evaporator or condenser in
each zone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
wherein the heating and cooling system includes a closed-flow
system in which a refrigerant is compressed, condensed in a
condenser, and expanded to produce cooling at a low
temperature level in an evaporator; and wherein each of said
distinct areas has its own individual evaporator or its own
individual condenser.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 175 for diverse, cascade or
compound refrigeration producing system; subclasses 198
through 200 for refrigeration producer having serially
arranged evaporator; subclasses 203 through 206 for plural
refrigerating producing elements; and appropriate subclasses
for processes limited to refrigeration and apparatus having
features specialized to refrigeration.
Subclass:
208
Central system prioritizes heating and cooling requests from
zones:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
including a common supply source capable of supplying heated
or cooled air to each of said distinct areas; the area
control means of each of said distinct areas each supplying a
control signal to said common supply source; and wherein said
common supply source includes signal accepting means to
analyze the signals from the distinct areas to decide which
of the areas will be first heated or cooled.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for zone control for heating and cooling medium; subclass
49.3 for electrically actuated ventilator; and subclass 49.4
for pneumatically actuated ventilator; subclass 51 for
distance-adjusted control devices.
Subclass:
209
Supervisory central control means overrides zone controller:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
including a master control means capable of overruling the
operation of at least two of the area control means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for zone control for heating and cooling medium; subclass
47 for high and low temperature alternate control devices;
subclass 51 for distance-adjusted control devices.
Subclass:
210
Heat balancing using waste heat or cold (e.g., heat reclaim,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
wherein the heating and cooling system includes a means for
utilizing excess heat or cold discharged at one location
(e.g., radiation heat from light fixture, etc.) to reduce a
heating or cooling requirement in another location (e.g.,
waste heat can be used to offset heating requirements in
space heating, service water heating, air reheat in air
conditioning systems, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
54 for heat exchange apparatus combined with wall, floor, or
ceiling structure of a chamber; subclass 909 for regeneration
heat exchange apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 95 for refrigeration process
having plural cooling steps; digest 22 for refrigeration
system having free cooling.
454, Ventilation, subclass 294 for ventilation system having
air passes over lamp; subclass 295 for ventilation system
having ceiling type inlet airway and adjustable valve.
Subclass:
211
Different conditioning means for perimeter zone and core
zone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
wherein one of said distinct areas comprises an inner area;
another of said distinct areas comprises a boundary area
completely surrounding said inner area; and wherein said
inner area has one kind of heating or cooling structure
(e.g., central system supply, etc.), and the boundary area
has a diverse kind of heating or cooling structure (e.g.,
fancoil unit under window, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for zone control for heating and cooling medium; subclass
49.3 for electrically actuated ventilator; and subclass 49.4
for pneumatically actuated ventilator.
Subclass:
212
Central temperature conditioned air supplied to each zone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
including a common air supply source capable of supplying
heated or cooled air from the heating and cooling system to
each of said distinct areas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for zone control for heating and cooling medium; subclass
49.3 for electrically actuated ventilator; and subclass 49.4
for pneumatically actuated ventilator.
Subclass:
213
Mixing within zone of recirculated zone air and supply air
adjacent zone inlet(e.g., induction unit, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter
wherein an air inlet discharges heated or cooled supply air
from the common air supply source to said distinct area; and
further including means transporting used air from a location
within the distinct area to a location at or near the air
inlet for mixing the used air with the supply air.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
123 for heat exchange apparatus with injector-type gas
pump.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
13 for control devices associated with plenum-type system
having mixing fluid of dissimilar temperature.
454, Ventilation, subclasses 228-236 for ventilation system
having forced recirculation; subclasses 261 through 269 for
ventilation system having structure for mixing plural air
streams together.
Subclass:
214
Including a fan (e.g., fancoil unit, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Subject matter
wherein the transporting means includes a fan.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
454, Ventilation, subclasses 228-236 for ventilation system
having forced recirculation; subclass 269 for ventilation
system having mixed plural air streams and an air pump.
Subclass:
215
Reheat adjacent zone air inlet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter
including a heating means located at or near an air discharge
opening (e.g., grill, deflector, etc.) from the supply source
to one of said distinct areas; said heating means functioning
to heat air from said common air supply source before being
discharged into said distinct area.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 for room heat exchangers with central fluid supply;
subclass 228 for a heating and cooling system having means to
reheat cooled air down stream of an indirect contact cooling
means; subclasses 263 + for a heating and cooling system
having opposed and compensating heating and cooling means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 90 and 173 for refrigeration
system with reheating; subclasses 428+ for refrigeration
system having means for directing gas over heat rejector.
Subclass:
216
Mixing of separate centrally supplied hot and cold air
streams before discharge into each zone (e.g., dual duct,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter
including a means for separately directing heated or cooled
air from said common supply air source toward said distinct
areas; and further including means to mix said separately
directed heated air with said separately directed cool air
before being discharged into said distinct areas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for zone control for heating and cooling medium; subclass
1 for heating and cooling control devices; subclasses 12.1+
for control devices associated with structure having mixing
fluid of dissimilar temperature; subclass 13 for control
devices associated with a plenum-type structure having mixing
fluid of dissimilar temperature; subclass 49.3 for
electrically actuated ventilator; and subclass 49.4 for
pneumatically actuated ventilator.
454, Ventilation, subclasses 261-269 for ventilation system
having structure for mixing plural air streams.
Subclass:
217
Volume flow of discharged air at discharge into zone
modulated by zone heating or cooling load (e.g., variable air
volume, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter
wherein a volume of air from the common supply air source
discharged into one of said distinct areas is controlled by a
means which regulates air flow responsive to the difference
between a set point temperature and a measured temperature of
the distinct area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for zone control for heating and cooling medium; subclass
1 for heating and cooling control devices; subclass 49.3 for
electrically actuated ventilator; and subclass 49.4 for
pneumatically actuated ventilator.
Subclass:
218
Central temperature condition liquid supplied to each zone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
including a common liquid supply source capable of supplying
heated or cooled liquid to each of said distinct areas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 185 for control of indirect heat
transfer liquid; subclass 201 for control of refrigeration
producer by external cooled liquid or holdover; subclass 434
for refrigeration system having an intermediate fluid
container and a flow line connected transfer fluid supply and
heat exchanger; and subclass 435 for refrigeration system
having an intermediate fluid container and an indirect fluid
pump or agitator.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 34 and
36+ for control of cooling or heating radiators.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 2 for heating systems with
automatic controls; subclasses 59+ for water circulation of
heating system; and appropriate subclasses for a heat
producer combined with means for distributing a fluid heated
thereby, or for apparatus including systems for heating a
room, chamber, house, or other inclosing structure when such
apparatus is not equally adapted for cooking.
Subclass:
219
Separate supply and return mains (e.g., two pipe system,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
including a first distinct supply conduit extending between
the common liquid supply source and a heat exchanger in a
distinct area for supplying liquid to the heat exchanger; and
further including a first distinct return conduit extending
from the heat exchanger to the common liquid supply source
for returning liquid to the common supply source.
Subclass:
220
Additional supply main (e. g., three pipe system, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Subject matter
further including a second distinct supply conduit extending
between the common liquid supply source and the heat
exchanger.
Subclass:
221
Additional return main (e.g., four pipe system, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter
further including a second distinct return conduit extending
from the heat exchanger to the common liquid supply source.
Subclass:
222
Humidity control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
further including means to control atmospheric water vapor
content in the area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 50
for drying apparatus with a humidity controller for the
contacting gas.
62, Refrigeration, 176.1 for refrigeration system with
humidity sensor.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 44 for
humidity control devices; subclass 91 for thermostatic
control of hot and cold with humidity sensor.
Subclass:
223
Humidity sensor measures humidity of air in conditioned
space:
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter
including a first sensing means to determine the atmospheric
water vapor content in the area to be heated or cooled.
Subclass:
224
Additional humidity sensor(e.g., located outside of
conditioned space, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Subject matter
further including a second sensing means to determine
atmospheric water vapor content in the area or in another
location.
Subclass:
225
Humidity sensor controls indirect-contact cooling means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Subject matter
wherein said sensing means senses a signal to control a
humidity adjustor; said humidity adjustor comprising a
cooling device in which a conditioning fluid flowing through
the cooling device is separated from a fluid flowing over
said cooling device by a heat transfer surface.
Subclass:
226
Liquid spray onto indirect-contact cooling means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter
including a means to spray a liquid onto the heat transfer
surface of the humidity adjustor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
44 for control of humidity with evaporator cooling spray.
Subclass:
227
Air bypass of indirect-contact cooling means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter
including a means to direct a portion of the air through an
alternative air passage around said humidity adjustor.
Subclass:
228
Reheat of cooled air downstream of indirect-contact cooling
means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter
including a means located downstream of the humidity adjustor
to heat the air after the air passes through the humidity
adjustor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 90 for refrigeration system with
reheating; subclass 176.5 for refrigeration system with
humidity sensor and control of air heater (e.g., reheat pump,
etc.).
Subclass:
229
Humidity sensor controls humidifier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Subject matter
wherein the humidity sensor controls a device to add moisture
to the atmosphere in the area.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
60 for heating and cooling heat exchange apparatus having
gas liquid contactor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 171 for refrigeration system
having gas liquid contact cooler.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, appropriate subclasses
for a closed liquid heating vessel with a heat generator.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, appropriate subclasses, for open
liquid heating structures not equally adapted for cooling,
for heating stoves, for means for the application of heat for
house warming and cooking purposes, and for specialized
accessories and elements of such means.
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, appropriate subclasses
for apparatus specially adapted to produce an intimate
contact between gases and liquids to exchange properties or
mutually modify conditions; particularly, 129 for gas and
liquid contact apparatus having temperature or humidity
sensor; subclass 131 for gas and liquid contact apparatus
having control of heat supply or heat effect.
Subclass:
230
Dewpoint controlled (e.g., control of cooling means by
downstream temperature sensor to maintain controlled dewpoint
of downstream air, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter
including a means to control the temperature of the
atmosphere so as to produce a vapor saturated or nearly vapor
saturated atmosphere.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 229 for refrigeration producer
having a compressor or its drive controlled by external
cooled gas.
Subclass:
231
Congealed material (e.g., frost, etc.) or condensation
removal or prevention:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
including a first means responsive to accumulation of
congealed material on a surface of the system or on another
surface of the heated or cooled area to eliminate such
material; or a second means to inhibit freezing or
condensation of moisture on said surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclasses 80-82 for refrigeration
system having defrosting or frost inhibiting mechanism;
subclasses 150 through 156 for refrigeration system having
means for preventing, removing, or handling atmospheric
condensate.
Subclass:
232
Operated by timer or programmer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter
including a means for measuring or recording time; or a
device for controlling the heat transfer apparatus at a
predetermined time; or a means for scheduling or coordinating
the performance of a repetitive sequence of operations;
wherein said means or device selects a period of time that
said first or second means operated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 155 for refrigeration system
having defrosting means and a time or program actuator.
Subclass:
233
Operated by temperature sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter
including a temperature sensing means for controlling the
action of said first or second means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 156 for refrigeration system
having defrosting means controlled by a temperature sensor.
Subclass:
234
Control of static pressure of conditioned space:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
including a means to control the pressure within the area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 1 for
static structures controlled by condition responsive means.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
49.3 for electrically actuated ventilators.
454, Ventilation, subclasses 70-74 for vehicle ventilation
system having pressure regulating means; subclasses 238, 255,
340 for ventilation system having pressure regulating means.
Subclass:
235
Space is within aircraft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter
wherein the area is a conditioned space in an aircraft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
454, Ventilation, subclasses 71-74 for aircraft cabin
ventilation system having pressure regulating means.
Subclass:
236
Control of heat storage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
wherein the system includes a body of material capable of
absorbing heat or cold; and a further includes a means to
control the amount of heat or cold absorbed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 59 for refrigeration processes
including accumulating holdover ice.
Subclass:
237
Means responsive to occupancy of space:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
including means to control the system in response to the
presence of a living being in the area.
Subclass:
238
Means storing set point for particular time of day (e.g.,
clock thermostat, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
including means for retaining an operating setting for the
system and implementing said operating setting at a
pre-determined time of day.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 157 and 231 for refrigeration
system having time or program actuator.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
46 for temperature and humidity control devices with timing
element.
392, Electric Resistance Heating Devices, subclass 345 for
electric resistance heating devices with means to control
heating accumulating medium.
Subclass:
239
Means to compute time required to reach certain temperature
by certain time of day (e.g. morning warm-up, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 238. Subject matter
having additional means to calculate the length of time
necessary to attain a given temperature by the predetermined
time of day.
Subclass:
240
Heat pump and supplemental heat source:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
wherein said system is a reversible vapor-compression
refrigeration producer in which the heating effect of said
refrigeration producer is augmented by an additional heat
source.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclasses 151-56 for refrigeration
system having defrosting means; subclass 160 for automatic
control of refrigeration system of selective heating or
cooling (reversible cycle-type); subclasses 238.6 and
238.7 for heat pump.
237, Heating Systems, subclass 2 for automatic control of a
heat pump.
Subclass:
241
Change-over from heat pump operation to supplemental heat
source operation alone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Subject matter
including means to convert operation from said reversible
refrigeration producer, with or without operation of said
additional heat source, to operating in a mode wherein said
additional heat source is used exclusively.
Subclass:
242
Responsive to outdoor temperature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Subject matter
wherein said converting means reacts to outdoor temperature.
Subclass:
243
Means to reset supply air temperature or supply water
temperature as function of heat load:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
wherein the system supplies air or water to heat or cool said
area; and wherein means is provided to alter a preset
temperature setting of said supply air or water in response
to a change in heating or cooling requirement in the area.
(1) Note. An example of heat load: temperature difference
between set point and measured temperature of an area,
temperature difference between a chosen reference temperature
and a measured outdoor temperature, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
34 and 36 for automatic control of cooling or heating
radiators; subclass 91 for thermostatic control of hot and
cold with at least one temperature sensor for temperature
modifying media.
Subclass:
244
Means to control fan or pump to regulate supply air flow or
supply water flow:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
wherein the system supplies air by a fan or water by a pump
to heat or cool said area; and wherein means is provided to
alter a characteristic of the fan or pump (e.g., fan speed,
volume, etc.) to control the rate at which air or water is
delivered to said area.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 for room heat exchangers with central fluid supply.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
49.3 for an electrically actuated ventilator.
417, Pumps, 1 for condition responsive control of pump drive
motor.
Subclass:
245
Low flow during heating and high flow during cooling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Subject matter
wherein the delivered rate is greater during a cooling mode
than during a heating mode.
Subclass:
246
Responsive to pressure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Subject matter
wherein the delivered rate is varied according to a measured
pressure.
Subclass:
247
Responsive to temperature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Subject matter
wherein the delivered rate is varied according to a measured
temperature.
Subclass:
248
Flow of air from outdoors controlled (e.g., minimum outside
air, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
including a means to regulate the amount of outdoor air
admitted to the heated or cooled area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
subclasses 49.1-49.5 for automatic temperature and humidity
control of ventilators.
454, Ventilation, subclass 70, 238, 255, and 340 for devices
for maintaining the pressure in an enclosure where no
specific heating or cooling means are included; subclasses
228+ for ventilating system having forced recirculation;
subclass 239 for control of ventilating system having inlet
and outlet airways; subclass 256 for control of ventilating
system having inlet airway; and appropriate subclasses for
apparatus for supplying air to, removing it from, or
distributing air in an enclosure with or without heating and
without a specific heat exchange means.
Subclass:
249
Proportion of outdoor air and return air controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Subject matter
including means to recycle air in the area; and further
including means to regulate the ratio of outdoor air relative
to an amount of recycle air.
Subclass:
250
Outdoor air used in lieu of operating heating or cooling
means (e.g., economy cycle, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Subject matter
further including a control means to allow the admittance of
substantially one hundred percent outdoor air to condition
the area instead of operating a heating or cooling means of
said heating and cooling system.
Subclass:
251
Enthalpy sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Subject matter
and further including a sensor which senses temperature and
humidity of air.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, digest 13
for humidithermostat.
Subclass:
252
Pre-heat or pre-cool of outdoor air before mixing with
returned air:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Subject matter
including means to recycle air in the area; and wherein the
admitted outdoor air is heated or cooled by passing through a
heating or cooling means before mixing with the recycle air
in the area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 95 for refrigeration processes
including plural cooling (e.g., precooling by exhaust,
etc.).
Subclass:
253
Temperature sensor controlling temperature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter
including a sensing means for sensing temperature in said
area and controlling said system in responsive to said sensed
temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
appropriate subclasses for automatic temperature and humidity
control mechanisms.
Subclass:
254
System selects heating or cooling mode automatically (e.g.,
responsive to season, ambient light, temperature in
conditioned area, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter
including a means for switching between heating or cooling
operation without manual intervention by an operator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for heating and cooling control devices; subclasses 91+
for thermostatic control of hot and cold.
Subclass:
255
Dead band between heating and cooling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Subject matter
including a temperature range about a set point temperature
in which neither a heating or a cooling means of said system
is activated.
Subclass:
256
Variable rate of heating or cooling (e.g., plural stages,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Subject matter
wherein said system is capable of operating to provide
variable quantity of heating or cooling energy per unit time
to said area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 1 for
multistage control devices.
Subclass:
257
Room and ambient temperature sensors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Subject matter
including a temperature sensor in said area and further
including an outdoor temperature sensor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
91 for automatic thermostatic control of heating and
cooling; subclass 91 for automatic thermostat control of hot
and cold for plural rooms or plural outside thermostats.
Subclass:
258
Separate heating and cooling thermostats:
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Subject matter
including a first device which measures changes in
temperature and controls a heating means; and a second device
which measures changes in temperature and controls a cooling
means to maintain desired temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for heating and cooling control devices.
Subclass:
259
Single temperature sensing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Subject matter
wherein said switching means comprises only one temperature
sensor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
1 for heating and cooling control devices.
Subclass:
260
Variable rate of heating or cooling (e.g., plural stages,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter
wherein said system is capable of operating to provide
variable quantity of heating or cooling energy per unit time
to said area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 1 for
multistage control devices.
Subclass:
261
Sequentially activated heat sources or cool sources:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Subject matter
including a plurality of heating means initiated one after
another or a plurality of cooling means initiated one after
another.
Subclass:
262
Timer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter
wherein said plurality of heating or cooling means are
operated by a means for measuring or recording time, or by a
device for controlling the heat transfer apparatus at a
predetermined time.
Subclass:
263
Area receives conditioning from simultaneously operated
heating and cooling means(e.g., opposed and compensating
heating and cooling, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter
wherein means supplying heating and means supplying cooling
operates at the same time and both supplies their respective
output to the same area.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
215 for a heat exchange apparatus with reheat adjacent zone
air inlet.
Subclass:
264
Simultaneous heating and cooling only in limited range around
set point temperature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Subject matter
wherein the area is heated and cooled at the same time only
when a measured temperature is within a limited range around
a pre-determined desired temperature.
Subclass:
265
Manual changeover between heating and cooling modes (e.g.,
manual override, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter
including a means for allowing an operator to switch between
heating and cooling operations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclasses 161-164 for a refrigeration
system having correlated manual or external operator and
condition sensing means (e.g., cut off or reset, etc.).
Subclass:
266
Preheat or pre-cool of space or device during start-up:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus effects a temperature
change in an occupied space or during use of a device and
wherein there is further included a means to attain a
pre-determined temperature immediately prior to occupancy of
the space or use of the device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 46 for
automatic temperature and humidity control devices with
timing element.
Subclass:
267
Means to heat or cool for predetermined periods of time
(e.g., duty cycle, time-temperature profiler, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said instrument controls the heat transfer apparatus
to cause the apparatus to operate for a pre-set interval of
time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
46 for automatic temperature and humidity control devices
with timer other than clock.
Subclass:
268
Pre-determined time variable set point:
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Subject matter
wherein said instrument further includes a means to set a
pre-determined time varying set-point for said heat transfer
apparatus to cause the apparatus to follow the set point
during said pre-set interval of time.
Subclass:
269
Duty cycle (e.g., pulse duration or pulse frequency
modulation, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Subject matter
wherein said instrument outputs a plurality of electrical
pulses to actuate the heat transfer apparatus in a pulsed
manner, said pulses being of extremely short duration (e.g.,
less than one second, etc.) and the frequency, duration or
ratio of on-to-off time of the pulse within a given time
interval is controlled by the instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic temperature and humidity regulation, subclass
46 for automatic temperature and humidity control devices
with timer other than clock.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 129.05 for
electrically actuated valves having means to produce digital
pulses.
Subclass:
270
Time delay:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said instrument accepts an input signal and waits for
a time interval before initiating an output signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 158 for a refrigeration system
having time delay of condition sensing or control operation.
Subclass:
271
Vehicle or engine speed responsive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said instrument senses and reacts to the velocity of
a vehicle or vehicle engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, 133 for a refrigeration system responsive
to vehicle body motion or traction.
Subclass:
272
Control of heat pipe heat transfer characteristics:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said heat transfer apparatus comprises a
substantially sealed cavity containing a liquid, heat being
absorbed in one portion of said cavity by vaporization of the
liquid and released in a second portion of said cavity by
condensation of the vapor, the condensed vapor being recycled
for subsequent evaporization; and further including means to
control the vaporization, condensation or recycling.
Subclass:
273
Control of quantity of inert gas:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter
including a means to control the amount of inert gas present
within said cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.32 for heat exchange apparatus having intermediate
liquid fluent heat exchange material with pressurizing or
degassifying means; subclasses 281+ for heat exchange
apparatus having fluid pressure responsive or control.
Subclass:
274
Control of vapor or liquid flow between evaporator and
condenser sections (e.g., by variable restrictions, check
valves, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter
wherein the control means controls the transport of vapor
from said one portion to said second portion or the transport
of recycled liquid from said second portion to said first
portion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.22 for heat exchange apparatus having intermediate
liquid fluent heat exchange material utilizing change of
state and including means to move the heat exchange material
in liquid state.
Subclass:
275
Control of amount of conductive gas in confined space
between heat source and heat sink:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said heat transfer apparatus comprises a
substantially sealed cavity containing a gas which does not
change phase during operation of said apparatus, heat being
conducted through said gas from one portion of said cavity to
a second portion of said cavity; and further including means
to control the quantity of said gas within said cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104.32 for heat exchange apparatus having intermediate
liquid fluent heat exchange material with pressurizing or
degassifying means; subclasses 281+ for heat exchange
apparatus having fluid pressure responsive or control;
subclass 917 for heat exchange apparatus having
pressurization and/or degassification.
Subclass:
276
Control of variable thermal conductivity systems (e.g., heat
valves, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said heat transfer apparatus comprises a gaseous,
liquid or solid heat conductive path between a heat source
and a heat sink; and further including means to control the
thermal conductivity of said path (e.g., by severing the
conductive path or by changing its cross-sectional area,
electrically charging said path, etc.)
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
86 for heat exchange apparatus having movable heating or
cooling surface; subclasses 96+ for heat exchange apparatus
with adjustor for heat flow or for heat exchange material
flow; subclass 185 for heat transmitter.
Subclass:
277
Solid heat transfer path:
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Subject matter
wherein said heat conductive path is formed by a solid
material.
Subclass:
278
Vent of system (e.g., overpressure, overtemperature, removal
of noncondensable, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said heat transfer apparatus includes a confined
volume containing a heat transfer fluid within; and further
including means to allow the escape of fluid from said
confined volume.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for heat exchange apparatus with purge, or drainage, cock
or plug; subclass 104.32 for heat exchange apparatus having
intermediate liquid fluent heat exchange material with
pressurizing or degassifying means; subclass 917 for heat
exchange apparatus having pressurization and/or
degassification.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
92 for thermostatic control of hot and cold with diverse
sensor (e.g., humidity, pressure, etc.).
Subclass:
279
Pressure and temperature responsive or control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus has control means
reacting to both pressure and temperature conditions or
controlling both pressure and temperature conditions of the
heat transfer apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
92 for thermostatic control of hot and cold with diverse
sensor (e.g., humidity, pressure, etc.), subclass 92 for
thermostatic control of heating and cooling.
Subclass:
280
Bypass of heat exchanger responsive to both temperature and
pressure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 279. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus comprises a heat
exchanger having a fluid passing through it and an auxiliary
passageway in parallel flow connection with the heat
exchanger to permit the fluid to go around rather than
through the heat exchanger, the auxiliary passageway having a
means to control flow through it which is responsive to both
temperature and pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
34.5 for automatic temperature and humidity control of
cooling radiator having bypass; subclasses 92+ for
thermostatic control of hot and cold with pressure control.
Subclass:
281
Fluid pressure responsive or control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus includes a heat exchange
fluid, and further includes means to control the pressure of
such fluid, or wherein the heat transfer apparatus includes a
device responsive to fluid pressure to control the
apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 92 for
thermostatic control of hot and cold with pressure control;
appropriate subclasses for automatic temperature and humidity
control devices.
Subclass:
282
Branched flow of heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus comprises a main conduit
for the flow of a heat exchange fluid, the main conduit being
divided at a predetermined location into at least two
sub-conduits, each of the sub-conduits being in parallel flow
relation with the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
101 for heat exchange apparatus having control of flow
through parallel heating or cooling means.
Subclass:
283
Bypass of heat exchanger:
This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Subject matter
wherein one of the sub-conduits is connected to a heat
exchanger and the other sub-conduit is an auxiliary
passageway to permit the fluid to go around rather than
through the heat exchanger.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
34.5 for automatic temperature and humidity control of
cooling radiator having bypass.
Subclass:
284
Differential pressure operated bypass:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
wherein the auxiliary passageway has a means to control flow
through it which is responsive to the existence of a fluid
pressure differential between an inlet and an outlet end of
the auxiliary passageway.
Subclass:
285
Flow of one heat exchange material controlled by the pressure
of another:
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus has first and second
fluids flowing through it and the amount of the first fluid
flowing through the heat transfer apparatus is controlled by
the pressure of the second fluid.
Subclass:
286
Flow of one heat exchange material controlled by its own
pressure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus has a fluid flowing
through it and the amount of the fluid flowing through the
heat transfer apparatus is controlled by its own pressure.
Subclass:
287
Temperature responsive or control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus has control means
reacting to a temperature level or controlling a temperature
level of the heat transfer apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 91 for
thermostatic control of hot and cold; appropriate subclasses
for automatic temperature and humidity control devices;
subclasses 99+ for automatic temperature and humidity control
devices associated with system having expanding fluid.
Subclass:
288
Plural temperature sensors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Subject matter
wherein said control means is connected to more than one
means to sense temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
78 for automatic temperature and humidity control devices
associated with electric motors and having plural temperature
sensors; subclass 80 for automatic temperature and humidity
control devices associated with fluid operated motors and
having plural temperature sensors; subclass 99 for automatic
temperature and humidity control devices associated with
system having expanding fluid and having external and
internal sensors.
Subclass:
289
Means to maintain a constant temperature difference between a
measured temperature and a controlled temperature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
wherein a first of sensor means measures temperature at a
first location and a second of said sensor means measures
temperature at a second location; and wherein said controller
is operated to maintain the temperature at said second
location at a pre-determined difference in value with respect
to said temperature at said first location.
Subclass:
290
Temperature sensor within or near an area to be conditioned,
another temperature sensor near the conditioning equipment
(e.g., shallow/deep, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
wherein one temperature sensing means is located at or in
close proximity to an area whose temperature is to be
controlled, and wherein another temperature sensing means is
located in close proximity to a means used to thermally
condition the temperature controlled area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
91 for automatic temperature and humidity control devices
associated with plural rooms or plural outside thermostats.
Subclass:
291
Temperature sensor inside conditioned space, another
temperature sensor outdoor (e.g. indoor set point adjusted by
outdoor conditions, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
wherein one temperature sensing means is located within an
area to be conditioned, and another temperature sensing means
is located outdoors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
68 for automatic temperature and humidity control devices
associated with motors and auxiliary heater applied to main
temperature sensing means; subclass 68 for automatic
temperature and humidity control devices associated with
motors and auxiliary heater applied to control device away
from main temperature sensor; subclass 91 for automatic
temperature and humidity control devices associated with
plural rooms or plural outside thermostats.
Subclass:
292
Temperature sensor in treated fluid, another temperature
sensor in treating fluid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus comprises a heat
exchanger having a treated fluid and a treating fluid in heat
exchange relationship with one another, wherein one
temperature sensing means measures treated fluid temperature
and another temperature sensing means measures treating fluid
temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
91 for thermostatic control of hot and cold with at least
one temperature sensor.
Subclass:
293
Temperature sensor prior to heat exchanger and one after:
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus comprises a heat
exchanger having a fluid flowing through it and wherein one
temperature sensing means is located upstream of the heat
exchanger and another temperature sensing means is located
downstream of the heat exchanger.
Subclass:
294
Branched flow of heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus comprises a main conduit
for the flow of a heat exchange fluid, the main conduit being
divided at a predetermined location into at least two
subconduits, each of said subconduits being in flow relation
with the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
101 for heat exchange apparatus having tortuous and straight
through branches within heating or cooling drum.
Subclass:
295
Including mass flow sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Subject matter
and further including a means to measure the quantity of
fluid flowing through or around the heat transfer apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
9 for combined heating and apartment control with heating
medium circulation control.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 40 and 41 for a
device associated with measurement of a quantity of heat
which is determined by combining flow rate and temperature
signals of a heat exchange fluid.
Subclass:
296
Branched flow of heat exchange material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus comprises a main conduit
for the flow of a heat exchange fluid, the main conduit being
divided at a predetermined location into at least two
subconduits, each of said subconduits being in flow relation
with the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
101 for heat exchange apparatus having tortuous and straight
through branches within heating or cooling drum.
Subclass:
297
Bypass of heat exchanger:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
wherein one of the subconduits is connected to a heat
exchanger and the other subconduit is an auxiliary passageway
to permit the fluid to go around rather than through the heat
exchanger.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
34.5 for automatic temperature and humidity control of
cooling radiator having bypass.
Subclass:
298
Mixture temperature sensing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
wherein the auxiliary passageway branches ahead of, and
recombined after, the heat exchanger and wherein the flow
through the auxiliary passage or heat exchanger is controlled
by the temperature of the recombined stream.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, 88 for a fluid handling system having
mixture condition maintaining or sensing.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 12.1 for
control devices associated with mixing fluids of dissimilar
temperatures.
Subclass:
299
Flow of one heat exchange material controlled by temperature
of another:
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus has first and second
fluids flowing through it and the amount of the first fluid
flowing through the heat transfer apparatus is controlled by
the temperature of the second fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
appropriated subclasses for automatic temperature and
humidity control devices.
Subclass:
300
Flow of one heat exchange material controlled by its own
temperature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Subject matter
wherein the heat transfer apparatus has a fluid flowing
through it and the amount of the fluid flowing through the
heat transfer apparatus is controlled by its own
temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 527, 528 for evaporator having
flow controller or boiling expeditor.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, 93 for
thermostatic devices associated with controlling of fluid;
and appropriated subclasses for automatic temperature and
humidity control devices.
Subclass:
301
Liquid-level responsive or control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said instrument senses and reacts to the height of
liquid contained in a liquid holder or regulates said
height.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, 451 for automatic
control of feeders.
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 11 for processes related to
regulating boiler feed water level.
Subclass:
302
Condenser or evaporator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Subject matter
wherein said heat transfer apparatus is a device structured
to convert gas to liquid by reducing its temperature or to
convert liquid to gas by addition of heat.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 for heat exchange apparatus having first fluid holder or
collector open to second fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, subclass 527 and 528 for evaporator
having flow controller or boiling expeditor.
Subclass:
303
Cleaning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter
wherein said instrument controls a means for cleaning said
heat transfer apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
95 for heat exchange apparatus having cleaning means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 3.5 for
cleaning means having means to pass a solid cleaning agent
and a fluid carrier through tubular work; subclasses 301+ for
installed cleaners involving no modification of the heat
exchanger; subclasses 104.03+ for pipe and tube cleaning
implements.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclasses for cleaning apparatus of more general utility.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
Subclass:
900
COOLING TOWERS:
Apparatus which cool fluid by indirect heat exchange with
outside air.
Subclass:
901
HEAT SAVERS:
Apparatus which heats air with the waste heat of domestic
flue gases.
Subclass:
902
HEAT STORAGE:
Apparatus to store heat other than where provided in class.
Subclass:
903
CONVECTION:
Apparatus having structure peculiar to modifying convection
characteristics.
Subclass:
904
RADIATION:
Apparatus having structure peculiar to modifying radiation
characteristics.
Subclass:
905
MATERIALS OF MANUFACTURE:
Apparatus constructed of special materials.
Subclass:
906
REINFORCEMENT:
Apparatus having structure reinforcing an element of the heat
exchanger.
Subclass:
907
POROUS:
Apparatus having a porous heat exchange element.
Subclass:
908
FLUID JETS:
Apparatus having structure to form fluid jets to enhance heat
transfer.
Subclass:
909
REGENERATION:
Apparatus recovering waste heat.
Subclass:
910
TUBE PATTERN:
Apparatus having specific tube spacing relationships.
Subclass:
911
VAPORIZATION:
Apparatus having vaporization modifying structure.
Subclass:
912
COMBINED OR CONVERTIBLE HAT EXCHANGE MODES:
Apparatus which has multiple heat exchange modes.
Subclass:
913
CONDENSATION:
Apparatus having condensation modifying structure.
Subclass:
914
FILMING:
Apparatus having means to form a film on the heat exchange
surface.
Subclass:
915
FOAMING:
Apparatus having means to form a foam on the heat exchange
surface.
Subclass:
916
OIL COOLER:
Apparatus for cooling oil.
Subclass:
917
PRESSURIZATION AND/OR DEGASSIFICATION:
Apparatus having means to pressurize or degasify the heat
exchange fluid.
Subclass:
918
HEATED AND COOLED FOOD CABINETS AND/OR TRAYS:
Apparatus for maintaining food in a heated or cooled
condition.
Subclass:
919
WHEELED:
This subclass is indented under subclass 918. Apparatus
including wheeled movement means on cabinets or trays.
Subclass:
920
PARTICULATE HEAT EXCHANGE:
Apparatus exchanging heat indirectly with particular
material.
Subclass:
921
DEW POINT:
Apparatus in which gas stream flow temperature is manipulated
relative to the dew point of the gas stream.
FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS
The definitions for FOR 100-FOR 131 below correspond to the
definitions of the abolished subclasses under Class 165 from
which these collections were formed. See the Foreign Art
Collections schedule for specific correspondences. {Note:
The titles and definitions for indented art collections
include all the details of the one (s) that are
hierarchically superior.
Subclass: FOR 100
Foreign art collections under the class definition.
Subclass: FOR 101
Foreign art collections for (1) heating at one time and
cooling at another, (2) for both adding heat to and removing
it from the same material and (3) for separately heating and
cooling distinct external materials.
Subclass: FOR 102
Foreign art collections wherein water vapor is added to or
removed from air.
Subclass: FOR 103
Foreign art collections whereby (1) the time in which, or
length of time taken, to perform an operation is controlled,
(2) there is a fixed continuous sequential or fixed
repetitive operation by means performing a treating
operation, or (3) there is a means terminating a single
operation in a position to restart an additional cycle, which
cycle is more complex than a mere starting or stopping of a
single device.
Subclass: FOR 104
Foreign art collections comprising means to sense an
operating condition or change of operating condition and
exert a control on heating or cooling means or on means
handling material acted in or to be acted upon by the heating
or cooling means.
Subclass: FOR 105
Foreign art collection in which the control acts in a system
operative to both heat and cool a material external of the
system.
Subclass: FOR 106
Foreign art collections in which the pressure of a heated and
cooled enclosure is controlled.
Subclass: FOR 107
Foreign art collections in which there is a control of the
supply of fresh air.
Subclass: FOR 108
Foreign art collection responsive to the accumulation of
congealed material to eliminate such material.
Subclass: FOR 109
Foreign art collections with an additional body of heat
absorbing material spaced therefrom that controllable
temporarily stores heat.
Subclass: FOR 110
Foreign art collections controlling the flow of the gas or
liquid in a gas and liquid contact device.
Subclass: FOR 111
Foreign art collections responding to water vapor in the
air.
Subclass: FOR 112
Foreign art collections which senses and effects a control of
the humidity.
Subclass: FOR 113
Foreign art collections wherein the interaction of the
individual controls for a plurality of zones effects a
control action on a central heating and cooling system.
Subclass: FOR 114
Foreign art collections responsive to any phase of motion of
a vehicle.
Subclass: FOR 115
Foreign art collections wherein manually operated means is so
related to an automatic control as to modify the manner of
operation of the automatic control.
Subclass: FOR 116
Foreign art collections wherein the manually operated means
modifies the automatic control in providing for heating or
cooling.
Subclass: FOR 117
Foreign art collections comprising a single condition
sensor.
Subclass: FOR 118
Foreign art collections comprising selective heating-cooling
means.
Subclass: FOR 119
Foreign art collections including sensors that respond to
both the temperature within and the temperature without an
enclosure.
Subclass: FOR 120
Foreign art collections in which the heating effect of a heat
pump is augmented by a heat source under the control of a
condition sensor.
Subclass: FOR 121
Foreign art collections in which a substance is subjected to
simultaneous heating and cooling and in which either the
heater or cooler is controlled by a condition sensor.
Subclass: FOR 122
Foreign art collections where the control is of or by
pressure.
Subclass: FOR 123
Foreign art collections including pressure or temperature
control or response.
Subclass: FOR 124
Foreign art collections having a manually actuated device in
the control structure.
Subclass: FOR 125
Foreign art collections wherein the control is of the verging
of exchange fluid.
Subclass: FOR 126
Foreign art collections in which a line branches ahead of,
and recombines after, a heat exchange section.
Subclass: FOR 127
Foreign art collections in which the system is controlled by
temperature of the recombined stream.
Subclass: FOR 128
Foreign art collections also responsive to pressure.
Subclass: FOR 129
Foreign art collections responsive to pressure.
Subclass: FOR 130
Foreign art collections responsive to one exchanging
substance controlling the flow of fluid with which it
exchanges heat.
Subclass: FOR 131
Foreign art collections responsive to a flowing stream of
heat exchanging fluid controlling the flow of the stream.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000