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| Class 180 | MOTOR VEHICLES |
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![[List of Pre Grant Publications for class 180 subclass 164]](../as.gif) | ![[List of Patents for class 180 subclass 164]](../ps.gif) | 164 | WITH POWERED MEANS FOR CREATING FLUID FORCE TO ATTRACT VEHICLE TO SURFACE OF TRAVEL |
| | 116 | SURFACE EFFECT VEHICLES (I.E., GROUND EFFECT MACHINES) |
| | 117 |  Having propulsion or control means |
| | 118 |  Responsive to instability condition |
| | 119 | Surface contacting control |
| | 120 | Integrated with working fluid |
| | 123 | Spray deflector |
| | 124 | Expansible chamber |
| | 125 | Fluid bearing or fluid pad |
| | 126 | Rigid side walls |
| | 127 | Flexible skirt |
| | 129 | Dynamic seal or fluid curtain |
| | 165 | WITH FLUID OR MECHANICAL MEANS TO ACCUMULATE ENERGY (I) DERIVED FROM MOTION OF VEHICLE OR (II) OBTAINED FROM OPERATION OF VEHICLE MOTOR, AND GIVE UP THE ENERGY (1) WHEN NEEDED FOR VEHICLE ACCELERATION OR (2) TO POWER AN AUXILIARY SYSTEM OF THE VEHICLE |
| | 166 | WHEELED INFANT CARRIAGE OR CRIB WITH DRIVEN MEANS FOR RECIPROCATING IT LONGITUDINALLY |
| | 2.1 | MOTOR SUPPLIED WITH POWER FROM EXTERNAL SOURCE |
| | 167 | WITH MEANS FOR CONTROLLING OPERATION RESPONSIVE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, MAGNETIC FORCE, OR SOUND WAVES RECEIVED FROM SOURCE, OR REFLECTED FROM OBJECT OR SURFACE, LOCATED APART FROM VEHICLE |
| | 168 | Having controlling means adapted to interact with stationary means which describes course of vehicle's travel |
| | 169 | Radiation, force, or waves reflected from external object or surface |
| | 170 | WITH MEANS RESPONSIVE TO SPEED OF VEHICLE FOR MAINTAINING SPEED AT, OR PREVENTING IT FROM EXCEEDING, A PARTICULAR VALUE |
| | 171 | Including device to signal to operator existence of unusual or unintended speed |
| | 172 | Including device responsive to centrifugal force |
| | 175 | Including fluid pressure actuated servomechanism |
| | 176 | And electrical quantities comparison means for development of input pressure |
| | 177 | And one or more electrical components for establishing or regulating input pressure |
| | 178 | Including electrically actuated servomechanism |
| | 180 | SKI- OR SKATE-TYPE VEHICLE FOR IMPARTING MOVEMENT TO A PERSON STANDING THEREON |
| | 182 | INCLUDING ONE OR MORE SKI-LIKE OR RUNNER MEMBERS |
| | 183 | Member substitutable for wheel type support structure |
| | 186 | With at least one surface-engaging propulsion element |
| | 187 | Element shuffles along support surface |
| | 188 | Spiral type element |
| | 189 | Plural elements connected to and spaced along the plural throws of a common crankshaft |
| | 190 | Endless track type element |
| | 191 |  Protruding from member |
| | 192 | Plural tracks with interconnected drive or support means |
| | 193 | With vertically movable track support located intermediate the forward and rearward extremities of the track |
| | 194 | Plural discrete elements protruding from a wheel, hub, or shaft |
| | 196 | Element comprises traction wheel |
| | 197 | WITH MEANS FOR DETECTING WHEEL SLIP DURING VEHICLE ACCELERATION AND CONTROLLING IT BY REDUCING APPLICATION OF POWER TO WHEEL |
| | 198 | PORTABLE CARRIER SUPPORTS MOTOR VEHICLE IN TOTO AND IS PROPELLED THEREBY |
| | 199 | WITH POWERED, GROUND-ENGAGING MEANS FOR PRODUCING, OR ASSISTING IN THE PRODUCTION OF, LATERAL MOVEMENT OF THE VEHICLE (E.G., FOR PARKING) |
| | 200 | Comprising rotatably driven auxiliary wheel or endless track |
| | 201 | Driven by frictional engagement with tire of vehicle traction wheel |
| | 202 | Driven by auxiliary electric or fluid motor |
| | 203 | Comprising reciprocably driven stepper or rotatably driven cam |
| | 204 | WITH DEVICE FOR PROGRAMMABLY OPERATING VEHICLES STEERABLE WHEELS |
| | 6.2 | STEERING BY DRIVING |
| | 6.24 | Combined with manual steering |
| | 6.44 | Auxiliary steering motor |
| | 6.48 | Independently operable drive motors |
| | 6.54 | Variable contact |
| | 6.58 | Controlled from rotatably mounted superstructure |
| | 6.62 | Combined |
| | 6.64 | Swinging traction frame responsive to differential drive |
| | 6.66 | Reversing drive to traction element |
| | 6.7 | Endless flexible track |
| | 7.1 | SPECIAL DRIVING DEVICE |
| | 7.2 | Spiral type element |
| | 7.3 | Reaction jet propulsion |
| | 7.4 | Propeller type |
| | 7.5 | Vehicle mounted winch for pulling vehicle |
| | 8.1 | Stepper |
| | 8.2 | Step or abutment ascending/desending type vehicle |
| | 8.3 | Wheel and stepper type |
| | 8.5 | With alternately lifted supporting base and leg |
| | 8.6 | With alternately lifted feet or skid |
| | 8.7 | Endless or rotary type |
| | 9 | Portable track |
| | 9.1 | Endless, flexible |
| | 9.21 | Track substituted for drive wheel |
| | 9.22 | Guided by walking attendant |
| | 9.23 | With attendant station |
| | 9.26 | Convertible from wheel type |
| | 9.32 | With auxiliary obstacle surmounting means |
| | 9.34 | With ground wheel |
| | 9.4 | With hitch |
| | 9.42 | Combined |
| | 9.44 | With track-related steering means |
| | 9.48 | Laterally extendable track |
| | 9.5 | Track support mounted for vertical movement |
| | 9.62 | Toothed wheel drive |
| | 10 | Annular |
| | 11 | MOTOR-CARRYING ATTACHMENTS |
| | 14.1 | VEHICLE TRAINS |
| | 14.2 | Motorized trailer |
| | 14.4 | Drive means betwen vehicles through coupling |
| | 14.6 | Tractor drive effort varied by pull exerted by trailer |
| | 14.7 | Vehicle drive drives other vehicle wheel |
| | 14.5 | Overload release |
| | 15 | ADDITIONAL TRACTION WHEEL |
| | 16 | TRACTION WHEEL ATTACHMENTS |
| | 19.1 | STEERED BY WALKING ATTENDANT |
| | 20 | WITH ROLLERS |
| | 21 | SPECIAL WHEEL BASE |
| | 22 | Five or more wheels |
| | 23 | Driven steering wheel type |
| | 24.01 | Having tandem steerable or translatable wheels or wheel sets |
| | 24.02 | Displaceable wheel shifts or proportions load |
| | 24.03 | Independently rotatable side-by-side dual wheels |
| | 24.04 | With differential housing integrally fixed to vehicle frame |
| | 24.05 | Rocker beam houses drive means |
| | 24.06 | Plural propelling motors |
| | 24.08 | Each wheel positively driven |
| | 24.09 | With interaxle differential |
| | 24.1 | With drive interrupt means to either tandem drive wheel |
| | 24.11 | Driven tandem wheels |
| | 24.13 | Spring rocker beam |
| | 205 | With mechanism of occupant-powered type for developing torque for supplementing, alternating with, or replacing torque of motor |
| | 206 | And means for controlling motor in response to either operation of occupant powered mechanism or vehicular movement resulting therefrom |
| | 207 | Including member utilized in common by occupant-powered mechanism and by motor for transmitting torque output of each to wheel |
| | 208 | Collapsible or knockdown for storage or transport |
| | 209 | With means for changing number of supporting wheels, or for adjusting relative location thereof |
| | 210 | Having only three wheels |
| | 211 | Including steerable and driven wheel |
| | 215 | Including two wheels driven and having common axis of rotation |
| | 218 | Having only two wheels |
| | 219 | Arranged in tandem |
| | 220 | Electrical-type motor |
| | 221 | Including rotating element for frictionally engaging and driving a wheel |
| | 223 | Including steerable and driven wheel |
| | 225 | Having frame element or fender constituting also exhaust or fuel passageway or fuel reservoir |
| | 226 | Including longitudinally extending shaft for transmitting drive to wheel |
| | 227 | Including resilient means for mounting driven wheel |
| | 228 | Including resilient means for mounting motor |
| | 229 | With means for cooling motor |
| | 230 | With change-speed means between motor and driven wheel |
| | 231 | Including endless element for transmitting drive and means for adjusting tension of element |
| | 36 | STEAM TRACTION ENGINES |
| | 232 | WITH MEANS FOR (1) PROTECTING MOTOR FROM IMPACT OF COLLISION, (2) UTILIZING MASS OF MOTOR TO ABSORB FORCE THEREOF, OR (3) PROTECTING OCCUPANT REGION OF VEHICLE FROM IMPACT-INDUCED SHIFTING OF MOTOR |
| | 41 | WITH LEVELING DEVICE |
| | 233 | HAVING FOUR WHEELS DRIVEN |
| | 234 | With means for steering all driven wheels |
| | 235 | Comprising articulated frame and means for pivoting one portion of frame relative to other portion about vertical axis located centrally of vehicle |
| | 236 | In a path of travel other than that produced by turning the front wheels and the rear wheels substantially equally and oppositely |
| | 237 | Comprising swingable, plural-wheel-carrying axles on individual, vertical axes of pivot |
| | 238 | At least one axle being offset from its pivotable axis |
| | 239 | Including longitudinally extending, endless element for transmitting drive to wheels |
| | 240 | Including rotatable shaft extending longitudinally from wheels at one end of vehicle to wheels at other end for transmitting steering force thereto |
| | 241 | Including longitudinally extending, endless element for transmitting drive to wheels |
| | 242 | Including pump and fluid motor, or generator and electric motor, for driving one or more wheels |
| | 244 | With means for braking either (1) one or more driven wheels or (2) structure transmitting drive to wheel |
| | 245 | Including separate mechanical assemblies for transmitting drive to each of two wheels at one end of vehicle |
| | 247 | With manually operated means for disengaging drive to one or more, but fewer than all, of the four wheels |
| | 248 | With differential means for driving two wheel sets at dissimilar speeds |
| | 251 | Including longitudinally extending, endless element for transmitting drive to wheels |
| | 252 | HAVING AT LEAST ONE WHEEL BOTH DRIVEN AND STEERABLE |
| | 253 | Steerable wheel has exclusive axis of pivot (i.e., stub-axle type) |
| | 254 | Including flexible, axially rotatable means having one portion fixed to vehicle and another portion pivotable with wheel for transmitting drive thereto |
| | 255 | Pivotable portion of means has additional structure of gearlike nature in driving engagement with corresponding structure on wheel |
| | 256 | Means comprises rotatable shaft containing plural universal joints |
| | 258 | Pivotable portion of means includes ball or socket element of ball-and socket type universal joint |
| | 260 | Pivotable portion of means includes gear element of intermeshing gear type universal joint |
| | 261 |  Joint includes at least one gear element rotatable on axis of pivot and intermeshing with gear element on pivotable portion |
| | 263 | Having axis of pivot disposed between parallel planes defined by opposite sides of wheel |
| | 264 | With driven axle, mounting two or more wheels, swingable about axis of pivot, and motor mounted to swing therewith |
| | 266 | With driven axle, mounting two or more wheels, swingable about axis of pivot, and swingable also about a horizontal axis |
| | 267 | With driven axle, mounting two or more wheels, swingable about axis of pivot, and shaft for transmitting drive coincident with axis |
| | 268 | WITH BELT OR HARNESS FOR RESTRAINING OCCUPANT, AND MEANS WHEREBY THE BELT OR HARNESS CONTROLS, OR IS CONTROLLED BY, THE FUNCTIONING OF A VEHICLE SYSTEM OR COMPONENT |
| | 269 | System comprises transmission or element thereof |
| | 270 | System comprises ignition circuit or starter circuit or element of one or other |
| | 271 | WITH MEANS FOR PROMOTING SAFETY OF VEHICLE, ITS OCCUPANT OR LOAD, OR AN EXTERNAL OBJECT |
| | 272 | Responsive to absence or inattention of operator, or negatively reactive to attempt to operate vehicle by person not qualified mentally or physically to do so |
| | 273 | Utilizing weight, or lack thereof, of operator on seat or other support to determine presence or absence |
| | 274 | Responsive to engagement of portion of perimeter of vehicle with external object |
| | 275 | And causing application of vehicle brake |
| | 276 | Brake comprises or includes element moved or deformed into engagement with ground |
| | 277 | And also interruption of at least one operational system of the vehicle or its motor |
| | 279 | And causing interruption of an electrical system of the vehicle or its motor |
| | 280 | And causing operation of vehicle steering system |
| | 281 | Comprising either movable closure member or fastening device therefor responsive to forward or rearward movement, or variations therein, of vehicle |
| | 282 | Responsive to sensing of acceleration, deceleration, or tilt of vehicle |
| | 283 | And causing interruption of ignition circuit |
| | 285 | And causing disruption of drive train between motor and wheels |
| | 286 | Comprising vehicle system or component responsive either to position of movable closure member or to status of fastening device therefor |
| | 287 | By preventing unauthorized or unintended access or use |
| | 288 | Reponsive to failure of taxicab operator to activate fare meter upon boarding of passenger |
| | 289 | Comprising device, mechanism, or system for either repositioning a movable or removable closure member or operating a fastening device therefor |
| | 290 | Responsive to weight of cargo load transported by vehicle |
| | 53.1 | MOTOR AS SOURCE OF POWER FOR OTHER MACHINE |
| | 53.2 | Other machine is creeper drive on motor vehicle |
| | 53.3 | Other machine is mounted by three point hitch (i.e., Ford-Ferguson hitch) |
| | 53.4 | Hydraulic drive to other machine |
| | 53.5 | Electric drive to other machine |
| | 53.6 | Drive to other machine by power take-off (PTO) driven by wheel or axle of motor vehicle |
| | 53.61 | PTO mounted directly on or engaging drive wheel to rotate therewith |
| | 53.62 | PTO constantly driven with wheel selectively driven |
| | 53.7 | Drive to other machine by power take-off (PTO) at front end of vehicle |
| | 53.8 | Other machine is vehicle accessory |
| | 54.1 | POWER |
| | 54.2 | With spring powered motor |
| | 55 | On lower running gear |
| | 63 | Motor moved by axle |
| | 291 | Having specific motor-to-body-frame relationship |
| | 292 | Including change-speed gearing, or clutch, mounted in common with motor |
| | 293 | With member or mechanism for controlling gearing or clutch, and means for minimizing transfer of movement, caused by operation of motor, to member or mechanism |
| | 294 | With means enabling repositioning of motor and gearing or clutch |
| | 295 | With wheeled auxiliary frame, resiliently joined to body frame, for supporting motor and gearing or clutch |
| | 296 | Including means on body frame or motor for handling exhaust |
| | 297 | Having motor shaft parallel to rotational axis of driven wheel |
| | 298 | Including means enabling repositioning of motor |
| | 299 | Including auxiliary frame for motor and resilient means for connecting auxiliary frame to body frame |
| | 300 | Including means of nonsupporting nature for minimizing operation-induced movement of motor |
| | 65.1 | Electric |
| | 65.21 | Hybrid vehicle (IPC) |
| | 65.22 | Specific vehicle architecture (IPC) |
| | 65.225 | Series and parallel (IPC) |
| | 65.23 |  Switching type (IPC) |
| | 65.235 | Differential gearing type (IPC) |
| | 65.24 | Electrical distribution type (IPC) |
| | 65.245 | Series (IPC) |
| | 65.25 | Parallel (IPC) |
| | 65.265 | Control of multiple systems specific to hybrid operation |
| | 65.27 | Control of external device in conjunction with specific hybrid function |
| | 65.275 | Control of individual subunit specific to hybrid operation |
| | 65.31 | With means on vehicle for generating power for the electric motor |
| | 65.51 | With motor in or moveable with wheel |
| | 65.6 | With gearing between electric motor and drive wheel |
| | 65.8 | With electronic devices (logic gates, semi-conductors, vacuum tubes, etc.) in control circuit |
| | 301 | Including traction motor of turbine type driven by fluid product of combustion |
| | 302 | Including traction motor of kind driven by expansible fluid from source external of motor |
| | 305 | Including traction motor of kind driven by noncompressible fluid received under pressure from a pump |
| | 306 | Vehicle includes another system operated by same fluid |
| | 307 | Having variable displacement type motor or pump |
| | 308 | Having separate motor for each driven, surface-engaging member |
| | 309 | With means for handling motor exhaust |
| | 310 | With means to generate steam for a propulsion purpose |
| | 68.1 | With means to guide and/or control air for power plant cooling |
| | 68.3 | With means to guide and/or control combustion air for power plant |
| | 68.4 | Radiators and condensers, mounting |
| | 68.5 | Battery mountings and holders |
| | 69.2 | Hoods |
| | 69.21 | Pivoted about horizontal axis extending transversely of vehicle (e.g., alligator type or front end pivot) |
| | 69.22 | With noise suppression means |
| | 69.24 | With access openings having moveable or removeable closures |
| | 69.25 | Water deflectors |
| | 69.3 | With means to increase idle speed of internal combustion engine to compensate for accessory load |
| | 69.4 | With fuel supply for internal combustion engine |
| | 69.6 | Vehicle has plural power plants |
| | 69.1 | Underpans |
| | 337 | TRANSMISSION MECHANISM |
| | 338 | Condition responsive (e.g., responsive to speed, load, etc.) |
| | 339 | With temperature control, lubrication or sealing |
| | 340 | With laterally movable wheel |
| | 341 | Wheel drives parallel wheel |
| | 342 | Tire directly driven |
| | 344 | Assembly feature |
| | 345 | Traction aid |
| | 346 | With protective guard or casing |
| | 347 | Mechanical movement transmission |
| | 348 | Final drive axle movable |
| | 349 | Rigid axle |
| | 350 | Belt or chain drive |
| | 352 | With lateral support between the differential or axle housing and the vehicle frame |
| | 353 | With sprung differential |
| | 356 | And final gear drive |
| | 357 | Belt or chain drive |
| | 358 | Swinging axle, single pivot |
| | 359 | With sprung differential |
| | 360 | And differential support feature |
| | 361 | And final gear drive |
| | 362 | And transverse leaf spring suspension |
| | 363 | And final gear drive |
| | 364 | Variable speed or direction |
| | 370 | With brake |
| | 371 | Final gear drive at each of two parallel wheels |
| | 374 | Gear transmission relationship to frame or axle |
| | 376 | Shaft relationship to frame or shaft |
| | 377 | Transmission support |
| | 383 | With particular drive coupling |
| | 76 | COMPENSATING DEVICES |
| | 314 | WITH PLURAL FUEL TANKS |
| | 315 | MANUALLY ACTUATED CONTROLLING DEVICES |
| | 316 | By other than hand or foot of operator |
| | 317 | On mine car vehicle |
| | 318 | On delivery-type vehicle |
| | 319 | With rein means |
| | 320 | With vehicle control extension |
| | 321 | With plural control stations |
| | 322 | Side-by-side |
| | 323 | For single control means |
| | 324 | With tool or equipment control |
| | 325 | Braking controllable by passenger |
| | 326 | With movable control station or seat position |
| | 327 | Movable cab |
| | 329 | Simultaneously movable seat and control |
| | 330 | Seat on seat portion movable to alternate positon |
| | 332 | With tiller-type handle |
| | 333 | Multiple vehicle functions controllable by single device |
| | 334 | With adjustable operator engageable control |
| | 335 | With fuel or air throttle control |
| | 336 | With transmission control |
| | 78 | Steering shaft |
| | 400 | STEERING GEAR |
| | 401 | Steering by terrestrial guide |
| | 402 | No mechanical connection between steering shaft and steering gear |
| | 404 | Power assist alarms or disablers |
| | 405 | With alternate emergency power means (e.g., pump, gearing, etc.) |
| | 408 | Each wheel steerable |
| | 409 | Occupant steered |
| | 411 | Independently controlled steerable wheels |
| | 412 | With electric power assist |
| | 414 | With fluid power assist |
| | 416 | With mechanical power assist |
| | 417 | With fluid power assist |
| | 418 | Between articulated wheeled vehicle sections |
| | 421 | With condition modulated steering |
| | 424 | With swinging axle |
| | 425 | Including flexible power transmitting means |
| | 426 | Steering column supported |
| | 428 | With rack and pinion gearing intermediate steering shaft and power assist |
| | 429 | Having rotary working member |
| | 430 | Having flexible working member |
| | 431 | Steering linkage includes interengaging gear means |
| | 432 | With plural working members |
| | 434 | Working member movement traverses vehicle path |
| | 435 | Moves separate rod for each wheel steering arm |
| | 436 | Working member part engages wheel steering arm |
| | 437 | Working member part engages tie rod |
| | 438 | Movable working member engages wheel steering arm |
| | 439 | Movable working member is a moving cylinder |
| | 440 | With linkage intermediate working member and wheel steering arm |
| | 441 | Device to control pressure (e.g., valve) |
| | 442 | Hydraulic circuit |
| | 443 | With electric power assist |
| | 447 | With mechanical power assist |
| | 84 | DUST GUARDS |
| | 89.1 | BODIES |
| | 89.11 | With passenger compartment having article receiving or removing means |
| | 89.12 | Tractor and similar vehicle cabs |
| | 89.13 | Movable cab or operator's station |
| | 89.17 | Movable body portion facilitating engine access |
| | 89.19 | Overmotor cab |
| | 89.2 | With means for handling exhaust of a motor |
| | 90 | Dashboards |
| | 90.6 | Footboards and pedal guards |
| | 311 | FRAME |
| | 312 | With structure adapted to receive or support a motor, change-speed gearing, or other power train element |
| | 313 | MISCELLANEOUS |
| CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS | ||
| | 900 | ARGICULTURAL-TYPE TRACTORS |
| | 901 | DEVICES FOR TRAVERSING VERTICAL SURFACES |
| | 902 | SHOCK OR VIBRATION ABSORBING OR TRANSMITTING MEANS BETWEEN WHEEL SUSPENSION AND MOTOR |
| | 903 | AIRSTREAM REACTIVE VEHICLE OR VEHICLE STRUCTURE |
| | 904 | TRACTION DOLLIES FOR AIRCRAFT (CROSS REFERENCE ART COLLECTION CREATED IN COMPANION PROJECT) |
| | 905 | AXLES |
| | 906 | ADJUSTABLE AXLES |
| | 907 | MOTORIZED WHEELCHAIRS |
| | 908 | MOTOR VEHICLES WITH SHORT WHEELBASE |
| FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS | ||
| FOR000 | CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS |
| Any foreign patents or nonpatent literature from subclasses that have been reclassified have been transferred directly to the FOR Collections listed below. These Collections contain ONLY foreign patents or nonpatent literature. The parenthetical references in the Collection titles refer to the abolished subclasses from which these Collections were derived. | ||
| POWER (180/54.1) |
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