*****TBD*****

CLASS 588, HAZARDOUS OR TOXIC WASTE DESTRUCTION OR CONTAINMENT

1	DESTRUCTION OR CONTAINMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE:

	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Product and process wherein radioactive material that is intended to be disposed of is transformed to a condition facilitating its destruction or disposal or contained so as to hold or enclose totally to prevent any leaching or leaking of radioactivity into the environment.

2	. By fixation in stable solid media:

This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the radioactive material is immobilized in a solid medium.

(1) Note. Immobilization is on either a molecular or particulate level, the radioactive material permeating or being part of the whole mass.

3	.. Cement, concrete, or hydraulic setting:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media is concrete, cement containing, or hydraulic setting composition.

4	... With additional solid material to enhance fixation of radioactivity:

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein the concrete, cement containing, or hydraulically settable composition contains an additional solid material that enhances retention of the radioactive material to leaking or leaching.

(1) Note. The additional solid does not participate or influence the hydraulically settable nature of the solid media.

5	.. Bituminous:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media is butimen, asphalt, or tarlike.

6	.. Resin or polymer; e. g., cellulose, polyethylene:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media is a natural or synthetic resin or a polymer.

7	... Ion exchange resin:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Subject matter wherein the solid media is a solid resin material with chemically bound ionic groups capable of exchanging ion with radioactive contaminant ionic groups.

8	... Polymer derived from ethylenically unsaturated monomer:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Subject matter wherein the polymer is derived only from ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s); i.e., wherein the monomer contains a c=c which undergoes addition polymerization to form long c-c chains.

9	.. Clay or clay-like:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media is a fine grained naturally occurring earthy material or artificial composition having generally, equivalent chemical and physical properties.

10	.. Ceramic or ceramic-like:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media is an inorganic composition that is to be hardened by heat treatment or which has been so hardened.

11	... Glass, glass-like, or vitreous:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Subject matter wherein the ceramic is a glassy or vitrified media.

12	.... Boron containing:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter wherein the glassy or vitreous media contains boron.

13	.. Ion exchange material:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media is a nonresinous material having the ability or property, of adsorbing or exchanging cations and/or anions with the radioactive material.

14	.. Silicon containing:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media contains silicon.

15	.. Metal containing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter wherein the solid media contains free metal or combined metal and includes alleys and metal compounds.

(1) Note. Rock and synthetic rock are included in this subclass because of their mixed metal oxide composition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10,	for similar compositions hardened by heat.

16	. Surrounding with specified material or structure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the containment surrounding the radioactive material is defined by its structure or by the material forming the containment or container means.

17	. Geological:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the radioactive material containment is accomplished by placing it in the ground, bore hole, underwater, or space or orbit.

18	. Chemical conversion to a table solid:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the radioactive material as it occurs in the waste is chemically converted to a solid that is more readily disposable; e.g., precipitation as an insoluble solid.

19	.. Incineration, calcination, pyrolyzing to obtain solid residue:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter wherein the radioactive material is burned, calcined, or pyrolyzed to a solid residue to facilitate disposal.

20	. Treating radioactive liquid:

This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein liquid, flowable radioactive waste material is placed in better condition for disposal.

(1) Note. This subclass includes treatment or slurries or solids suspended in a liquid.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

159,	Concentrating Evaporators, for processes of concentrating solids held in solution or suspension by evaporation of the liquid containing the solids and isolation of the concentrate obtained.

299	GERM WARFARE AGENTS DESTROYED:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process wherein a material, e.g. micro-organism, intended to be employed as a germ warfare agent is the hazardous or toxic substance destroyed or converted.

(1) Note. This subclass includes the destruction of micro-organisms intended to be used in warfare.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

249.5,

for processes of storage or containment of chemical or germ warfare agents.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

110,	Furnaces, for apparatus which may be used to destroy hazardous or toxic waste.
201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, for the use of thermolytic processes to destroy substances other than hazardous or toxic waste.
261,	Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, for apparatus which may be used in the treatment of gas or liquid hazardous or toxic waste.
266,	Metallurgical Apparatus, for metallurgical apparatus which could be used to destroy hazardous or toxic waste, particularly subclasses 144+ for treating gaseous substances and 200+ for treating liquefied substances.
373,	Industrial Electrical Heating Furnaces, for electric heating furnaces that may be used to destroy hazardous or toxic waste.
422,	Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, for the methods and apparatus used in destroying micro-organisms other than germ warfare agents.
431,	Combustion, for combustion processes for purposes other than to destroy hazardous or toxic waste.
435,	Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, subclass 262.5 for methods of using the micro-organisms to destroy hazardous or toxic waste.

300	PROCESSES FOR MAKING HARMFUL CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES HARMLESS, OR LESS HARMFUL, BY EFFECTING A CHEMICAL CHANGE IN THE SUBSTANCES (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Processes for chemically changing harmful chemical substances into substances which are harmless or less harmful. These processes are chemical processes which change the chemical composition of the harmful chemical substance. The harmful chemical substance can be one component of a mixture. The use of special chemical reagents for chemical fixing is included. These processes can comprise the step of dissolving or dispersing the harmful chemical substances in water for the purpose of treating them, or the step of producing a gaseous product from a non-gaseous harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00) and F1 (A62D 3/00).

(2) Note. When classifying in subclasses 300-321, classification is normally also made in subclasses 400-415 to identify the hazardous substance.

(3) Note. Harmful chemical substances are chemical waste substances which are too hazardous or toxic to be discarded in an ordinary municipal landfill.

(4) Note. The production or recovery of marketable products is covered elsewhere, as indicated by the references below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

299,	for the destruction of germ warfare agents.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

48,	Gas: Heating and Illuminating, for a process directed to the production of a combustible gas from hazardous or toxic waste.
75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, for processes of preparing or treating elemental metal employing hazardous or toxic waste as a raw material or agent, particularly subclasses 507+ for the methods of adding hazardous or toxic waste to melting or molten iron and subclasses 585+ for methods of adding hazardous or toxic waste to nonferrous metals at above 300°C.
86,	Ammunition and Explosive-Charge Making, subclass 50 for an apparatus for bomb disposal, or a method of bomb disposal by detonation. This class, 588, takes the chemical destruction of bombs other than by detonation.
106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600+ for the production of cement using hazardous or toxic waste.
110,	Furnaces, subclasses 235+ for apparatus which may be used for the incineration of hazardous or toxic waste.
201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, for the use of thermolytic processes to destroy substances other than hazardous or toxic waste.
203,	Distillation: Processes, Separatory, for separating a liquid mixture with one or more of the components being hazardous or toxic waste, and subclasses 95+ for the additional use of water or steam in the separation.
204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, for the interaction of electrical and wave energy with hazardous or toxic waste to produce a product, and subclasses 193+ for electrical and wave energy apparatus used in the treatment of hazardous or toxic waste.
208,	Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, for the removal of hazardous or toxic substances form mineral oils, particularly subclasses 262.1+ for processes of removing halogen contaminants, e.g., PCB"s from mineral oils.
210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claimed disclosure that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.
261,	Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, for apparatus which may be used in the treatment of gas or liquid hazardous or toxic waste.
266,	Metallurgical Apparatus, for means of treating hazardous or toxic substances produced during the operation of a metallurgical apparatus, particularly subclasses 144+ for treating gaseous substances and 200+ for treating liquefied substances.
373,	Industrial Electrical Heating Furnaces, for electric heating furnaces used in the treatment of hazardous or toxic waste.
405,	Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclasses 128.1 through 128.9for soil remediation involving hazardous or toxic substance.
422,	Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, for apparatus using disinfection or sterilization to destroy micro-organisms, and for methods using disinfection or sterilization to destroy micro-organisms other than germ warfare agents.
423,	Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclasses 210 through 215.5for chemically removing, modifying or destroying a hazardous or toxic component of normally gaseous mixture (except for the chemical destruction of chemical weapons which may gas, which is in this Class 588); and for recovering inorganic elements or compounds from hazardous or toxic waste.
431,	Combustion, for combustion processes for purposes other than to destroy hazardous or toxic waste.
435,	Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, for processes whereby a micro-organism is used in degradation of hazardous or toxic waste, e.g., degrading PCBs.
532,	Organic Compounds, for the production of useful products from hazardous or toxic waste.

301	. By subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Subject matter wherein electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G) and FI (A62D 3/00 100).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

209,

Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclasses 12+ for combined operations including the use of magnetic operations; subclasses 509+ for sorting special items, and certain methods and apparatus some of which use magnetic properties and note subclasses 212 through 232 for magnetic separation, per se. (Class 588 provides for the magnetic separation of any hazardous or toxic waste in combination with the destruction of the waste).

302	.. Electrochemical processes, e.g., electrodialysis (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Subject matter wherein an electrochemical process is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G2) and FI (A62D 3/00 110).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

204,

Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, for processes of electrodialysis or electrolysis.

210,

Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is placed in Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, place the process in Class 210.

303	... Electrolytic degradation or conversion (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Subject matter wherein electrolysis is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G2B) and FI (A62D 3/00 111).

304	.. Sonic energy (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Subject matter wherein energy in sound waves is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G4) and FI (A62D 3/00 120).

305	.. Particle radiation, e.g., electron beam radiation (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Subject matter wherein particle radiation is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance. Particles include molecules, atoms, protons or electrons.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G6) and FI (A62D 3/00 130).

306	.. Electromagnetic radiation, e.g., laser (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Subject matter wherein electromagnetic radiation is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G8) and FI (A62D 3/00 140).

307	... Gamma rays (about 0.003nm-0.03nm) (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the wavelengths range from 0.003nm– 0.03nm.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G8B) and FI (A62D 3/00 141).

308	... X – Rays (about 0.03nm-3nm) (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the wavelengths range from 0.03nm– 3nm.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G8D) and FI (A62D 3/00 142).

309	... Ultraviolet radiations (about 3nm-400nm) (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the wavelengths range from 3nm– 400nm.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G8F) and FI (A62D 3/00 143).

310	... Microwave radiations (about 0.3cm-30cm) (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the wavelengths range from 0.3cm– 30cm.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G8H) and FI (A62D 3/00 144).

311	.. Plasma (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Subject matter wherein plasma is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00G10) and FI (A62D 3/00 150).

312	. By hydropyrolysis or destructive steam gasification, e.g., using water and heat or supercritical water, to effect chemical change (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Subject matter wherein water or steam is used in a thermal process to achieve chemical change.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00J) and FI (A62D 3/00 200).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

48,	Gas: Heating and Illuminating, subclasses 197+ for processes of gasification to produce a heating or illuminating gas.
201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, subclasses 32+ for the addition of disparate gaseous material to a carbonizing zone.
202,	Distillation: Apparatus, subclasses 96+ for thermolytic type apparatus.
203,	Distillation: Processes, Separatory, subclasses 28+ for the processes with a chemical reaction and subclasses 95+ for the addition of water or steam.
431,	Combustion, subclass 4 for feeding a flame modifying additive and subclass 5 for burning waste gas.

313	. By reacting with chemical agents (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Subject matter wherein an additional chemical material is used to react with the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K) and FI (A62D 3/00 300).

(2) Note. The substance that is destroyed maybe a mixture of hazardous or toxic waste with nonhazardous or nontoxic waste. Either component of the mixture being destroyed is sufficient for classification here. Mandatory XR (cross-reference) into subclass(es) for the actual hazardous or toxic substance (component) destroyed is noted.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

252	through 257, for the containment of hazardous substances through solidification, vitrification or cementation
532,	through 570, for the production of useful organic compounds from hazardous or toxic substances.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, for a process which produces elemental metal as a desired product and which may also destroy hazardous or toxic waste, particularly subclasses 507+ for the methods of adding hazardous or toxic waste to melting or molten iron and subclasses 585+ for methods adding hazardous or toxic waste to nonferrous metals at above 300°C.
86,	Ammunition and Explosive-Charge Making, subclass 50 for an apparatus for bomb disposal, or a method of bomb disposal by detonation. This class, 588, takes the chemical destruction of bombs other than by detonation.
106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600+ for the production of cement using hazardous or toxic waste.
110,	Furnaces, subclasses 235+ for apparatus which may be used for the incineration of hazardous or toxic waste.
201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, for thermolytic distillation processes in general.
202,	Distillation: Apparatus, for distillation apparatus which may be used in the treating of hazardous or toxic waste.
203,	Distillation: Processes, Separatory, for separating a liquid mixture with one or more component being hazardous or toxic waste, and subclasses 95+ for the additional use of water or steam in the separation.
204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, for the interaction of electrical and wave energy with hazardous or toxic waste to produce a product, and subclasses 193+ for electrical and wave energy apparatus used in the treatment of hazardous or toxic waste.
208,	Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, subclasses 208+ for sulfur removal from mineral oils.
210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.
422,	Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, for apparatus acting on hazardous or toxic waste for disinfection or sterilization thereof. Class 422 provides for processes of destruction of hazardous or toxic material, such as noxious micro-organisms, by disinfecting or sterilizing when a desired useful product or article results (i.e., not a waste), and not elsewhere provided for. Class 422, subclasses 1+ provides for processes of sterilizing wastes (such as household garbage or waste) not considered hazardous or toxic for Class 588.
423,	Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for the production of a desired inorganic substance or product for a hazardous or toxic substance.
585,	Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds, for processes employing chalcogen (O, S, Se, or Te) containing compounds in the manufacture of hydrocarbons containing the chalcogen. subclasses 240+ for the production of a hydrocarbon mixture from refuse or vegetation.

314	.. By treatment in molten chemical reagent, e.g., salts or metals (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Process wherein the reaction takes place in a chemical reagent which is normally solid at room temperature is used in a molten state.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K2) and FI (A62D 3/00 310).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, for a process which produces elemental metal as a desired product and which may also destroy hazardous or toxic waste, particularly subclasses 507+ for the methods of adding hazardous or toxic waste to melting or molten iron and subclasses 585+ for methods of adding hazardous or toxic waste to nonferrous metals at above 300°C.
110,	Furnaces, subclasses 235+ for apparatus which may be used for the incineration of hazardous or toxic waste.
201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, subclass 11 for the use of liquid metal in a thermolytic distillation for purposes other than the destruction of hazardous or toxic waste.
266,	Metallurgical Apparatus, for means of treating hazardous or toxic substances produced during the operation of a metallurgical apparatus, particularly subclasses 144+ for treating gaseous substances and 200+ for treating liquefied substances.
423,	Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, digest 12 for the use of molten media in chemical reactions.
431,	Combustion, for processes of combustion in general, and for the combustion of hazardous or toxic waste which produces a useful product.

315	.. By chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g., by chelation or complexation (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Process wherein the reaction results in a chemical fixing of the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K4) and FI (A62D 3/00 320).

316	.. Dehalogenation using reactive chemical agents able to degrade (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Process wherein halogen is removed from the harmful chemical substance by using reactive chemical agents.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K6) and FI (A62D 3/00 330).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

314,	for dehalogenation in molten chemical reagent.

317	.. By hydrolysis (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter wherein water is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K8) and FI (A62D 3/00 340).

318	.. Detoxification by using acid or alkaline reagents (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter wherein an acid or a base is used to chemically change the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K10) and FI (A62D 3/00 350).

(2) Note. The added material may be, for example, acids, bases, or hydrogen.

319	.. By reduction, e.g., hydrogenation (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter wherein the chemical reaction is reductive, i.e. gain of electrons.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K12) and FI (A62D 3/00 360).

(2) Note. The added material may be, for example, acids, bases, or hydrogen.

320	.. By oxidation; by combustion (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter wherein the chemical reaction is oxidative, i.e. loss of electrons.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00K14) and FI (A62D 3/00 370).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

110,	Furnaces, subclass 237 for incinerators intended for use with explosive material.

321	. By heating to effect chemical change, e.g., pyrolysis (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Subject matter wherein thermal degradation is used to decompose the harmful chemical substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00L) and FI (A62D 3/00 400).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

201,	Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, for thermolytic distillation processes in general.

400	. Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Subject matter wherein the harmful chemical substance is identified.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M) and FI (A62D 3/00 600).

(2) Note. When classifying into subclasses 401-404, classification is also made in subclasses 405-415 according to the specific substance, if of interest.

(3) Harmful chemical substances are chemical waste substances which are too hazardous or toxic to be discarded in an ordinary municipal landfill.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

75,	Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, for a process which produces elemental metal as a desired product and which may also destroy hazardous or toxic waste, particularly subclasses 507+ for the methods of adding hazardous or toxic waste to melting or molten iron and subclasses 585+ for methods of adding hazardous or toxic waste to nonferrous metals at above 300°C.
86,	Ammunition and Explosive-Charge Making, subclass 50 for an apparatus for bomb disposal, or a method of bomb disposal by detonation. This class, 588, takes the chemical destruction of bombs other than by detonation.
106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600+ for the production of cement using hazardous or toxic waste.

401	.. Chemical warfare substances, e.g., cholinesterase inhibitor (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the hazardous or toxic substance is intended to incapacitate or destroy a human enemy. Chemical warfare substances include nerve, blister/vesicant, blood and pulmonary affecting substances.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M2) and FI (A62D 3/00 610).

(2) Note. This subclass includes the destruction of nerve gases and mustard agents.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

423,

Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for recovering inorganic elements or compounds from hazardous or toxic waste, and subclasses 210 through 215.5for chemically removing, modifying or destroying a component of normally gaseous mixture containing hazardous or toxic waste. Class 588 provides for the chemical destruction of chemical weapons, which may contain gas.

402	.. Pesticides, e.g., insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, nematicides (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the hazardous or toxic substance is intended to prevent, repel, destroy or mitigate pests. A pest is plant or animal which is detrimental to humans or human concerns, e.g. agriculture or livestock production.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M4) and FI (A62D 3/00 620).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, particularly subclasses 400 through 502for preparations characterized by special physical form, including insect repellants, anti-fungal and anti-bacterial compositions.
504,	Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions, for herbicides.

403	.. Explosives, propellants or pyrotechnics, e.g., rocket fuel, napalm (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the hazardous or toxic substance is an explosive, chemical reaction propellant, e.g. for rocket or gun, or a pyrotechnic, e.g. fireworks.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M6) and FI (A62D 3/00 630).

(2) Note. The added material may be, for example, acids, bases, or hydrogen.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

86,	Ammunition and Explosive-Charge Making, subclass 50 for an apparatus for bomb disposal, or a method of bomb disposal by detonation. This class, 588, takes the chemical destruction of bombs other than by detonation.
110,	Furnaces, subclass 237 for incinerators intended for use with explosive material.
149,	Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges, subclass 124 for an art collection of methods reclaiming or disposing of explosive or thermic charges or component materials thereof.
431,	Combustion, for processes of combustion in general, and for the combustion of hazardous or toxic waste which produces a useful product.

404	.. Toxic combustion residues, e.g., toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the hazardous or toxic substance is a by-product of combustion, often found in industrial and municipal fly ash. The combustion of a non-hazardous substance may result in a hazardous residue.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M8) and FI (A62D 3/00 640).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

110,	Furnaces, subclasses 235+ for apparatus which may be used for the incineration of hazardous or toxic waste.
431,	Combustion, for processes of combustion in general, and for the combustion of hazardous or toxic waste which produces a useful product.

405	.. Organic substances (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the hazardous or toxic substance contains either two atoms of carbon bonded to each other, one atom of carbon bonded to an atom of hydrogen or halogen, or one atom of carbon bonded to at least one atom of nitrogen by a single or double bond.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M10) and FI (A62D 3/00 650).

(2) Note. Certain substances falling under the above definition are excluded from this and indented subclasses. Their destruction and conversion are classified in the subclasses below, to wit; hydrocyanic acid, cyanogen, isocyanic acid, cyanamide, cyanogen halides, isothiocyanic acid, fulmenic acid, and metal carbides.

(3) Note. The substance(s) that is destroyed maybe a mixture of hazardous or toxic waste with nonhazardous or nontoxic waste. Either component of the mixture being destroyed is sufficient for classification in subclass 205. Mandatory XR (cross-reference) into subclass(es) for the actual hazardous or toxic substance (component) destroyed in noted.

(4) Note. If the hazardous or toxic material is destroyed and a purified compound or composition is recovered search the appropriate compound or composition class.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

532,	Organic Compounds, for the production of useful products from hazardous or toxic waste.
585,	Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds, for organic hydrocarbons.

406	... Containing halogen (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Subject matter wherein the organic substance contains fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, or astatine.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M10B) and FI (A62D 3/00 651).

(2) Note. This subclass includes hydropyrolysis and destructive stream gasification.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

568,	Organic Compounds, for the production of halogen containing organic compounds.
570,	Organic Compounds, for the production of halogen containing organic compounds.
585,	Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds, for process employing halogen containing compounds in the manufacture of hydrocarbons.

407	... Containing heavy metals (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Subject matter wherein the organic substance contains a metal other than the following (light) metals – lithium (Li), sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Francium (Fr), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), and Aluminum (Al).

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M10D) and FI (A62D 3/00 652).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

532,	Organic Compounds, appropriate classes for the production of a desired metal containing organic compound.

408	... Containing nitrogen or phosphorus (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Subject matter wherein the organic substance contains nitrogen or phosphorus.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/0010F) and FI (A62D 3/00 653).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,

Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.

423,

Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for recovering inorganic elements or compounds from organic hazardous or toxic waste.

409	... Containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e., chalcogen (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Subject matter wherein the organic substance contains oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/0010H) and FI (A62D 3/00 654).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

423,	Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for recovering inorganic elements or compounds from organic hazardous or toxic waste.

410	.. Inorganic substances (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter wherein the hazardous or toxic substance is not an organic substance or does not contain any component which is an organic substance.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M12) and FI (A62D 3/00 660).

(2) Note. The substance that is destroyed maybe a mixture of hazardous or toxic waste with nonhazardous or nontoxic waste. Either component of the mixture being destroyed is sufficient for classification here. Mandatory XR (cross-reference) into subclass(es) for the actual hazardous or toxic substance (component) destroyed is noted.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,

Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.

423,

Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for recovering inorganic elements or compounds from organic hazardous or toxic waste.

411	... Inorganic fibers, e.g., asbestos (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter wherein the inorganic substance is fibrous, and made primarily from rock, clay, slag or glass.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M12B) and FI (A62D 3/00 661).

412	... Containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter wherein the inorganic substance contains a metal other than the following (light) metals – lithium (Li), sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Francium (Fr), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), and Aluminum (Al).

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M12D) and FI (A62D 3/00 662).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,

Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.

423,

Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclasses 1 -209 for treating to obtain a desired metal containing compound.

413	... Containing nitrogen or phosphorus (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter wherein the inorganic substance contains nitrogen or phosphorus.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M12F) and FI (A62D 3/00 663).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,

Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.

423,

Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclasses 299+ for the production of phosphorus or phosphorus compounds and subclasses 351+ for the production of nitrogen or nitrogen compounds.

414	... Containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e., chalcogen (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter wherein the organic substance contains oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M12H) and FI (A62D 3/00 664).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,

Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.

423,

Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for the production of the desired inorganic substance or product, subclasses 508+ for substance or products containing selenium or tellurium, subclasses 511+ for substances or products containing sulfur, and subclasses 579+ for substances or products containing oxygen.

415	... Containing halogen (EPO/JPO):

This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter wherein the inorganic substance contains fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, or astatine.

(1) Note. The subject matter in this subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA (A62D 3/00M12K) and FI (A62D 3/00 665).

(2) Note. The substance that is destroyed maybe a mixture of hazardous or toxic waste with nonhazardous or nontoxic waste. Either component of the mixture being destroyed is sufficient for classification here. Mandatory XR (cross-reference) into subclass(es) for the actual hazardous or toxic substance (component) destroyed is noted.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,

Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes in general for liquid purification or separation of liquid phases, particularly subclasses 749+ for the use of chemical treatment; and subclasses 911+, an art collection, for the removal of cumulative poison from a liquid. The line between Class 210 and Class 588 is that, if there is a specific statement in the claim that hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed, separated, or converted into an environmentally safe substance, the process is proper for Class 588; however, if purified liquid, e.g., water, is obtained as a desired product, the process is proper for Class 210.

423,

Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclasses 462+ for the production of halogen or compounds containing halogen.

249	CONTAINMENT:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Processes wherein the hazardous or toxic waste is confined in a permanent facility by means such that the waste is not permitted to move or migrate from the permanent facility. Additionally, the hazardous or toxic waste can be contained in a monolithic type structure.

(1) Note. The containment also includes the processes of producing monoliths which when stored in (moved to) a facility are themselves nonleaching and in no way enter or contaminate the facility environment or the outside environment.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

53,	Package Making, appropriate subclasses for methods or apparatus used in package making to contain hazardous or toxic waste, and for methods of packaging to move hazardous or toxic materials through commerce where the materials are removed from the container for subsequent use or treatment.
206,	Special Receptacle or Package, subclasses 528+ for ampule, capsule, pellet, or granule containing hazardous or toxic waste.
220,	Receptacles, subclasses 62.11+ for multilayer barrier structure intended to contain hazardous or toxic waste.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 2 for compacted trash or refuse bundle which may include hazardous or toxic waste and subclasses 443+ for asbestos containing articles.

249.5

. Chemical or germ warfare agents, or pathogenic organisms (e.g., sarin, VX, anthrax, virus, bacteria and medical waste, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Processes wherein a material intended to be employed as a chemical or germ warfare agent, or a disease causing organism, is the hazardous or toxic substance which is contained.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

300	through 320, for the use of a chemical process to stabilize a substance which is subject to containment, or to destroy a chemical or germ warfare agent.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 749+ for a chemical treatment process to purify a liquid to obtain a desired product, e.g., water.
422,	Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclasses 1 through 43for methods using disinfecting or sterilizing to destroy micro-organisms other than germ warfare agents.
435,	Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, subclasses 235.1 through 239for virus, bacteriophage, composition thereof, preparation or purification thereof, or production of viral subunits.

250	. Geologic, marine, or extraterrestrial storage and containment (e.g., tectonic, volcanic, deep natural, manmade earth cavity, submarine placement sites, lunar, earth orbital, and solar placement, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Process wherein the storage or containment of the hazardous or toxic waste is accomplished by the following methods, e.g., descending tetonic plates, active volcanoes, caves, salt caverns, bore holes, abandoned mines, submarine dumping, earth orbital storage, lunar storage, and the use of decaying solar orbits to require the waste to fall into the sun.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

405,	Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclasses 129.1 through 129.95for the deposition of waste, which is not hazardous or toxic, in an earth formation or the confinement of such waste in a structure in the earth.

251	. Treating a solid (e.g., clay, slag, spent sorbent, active carbon, etc.) to prevent gas emissions:

This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Processes wherein solids are treated to prevent the emissions of hazardous or toxic gas.

(1) Note. Included herein is the treatment of slag heaps to prevent the emissions of hazardous or toxic gas.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

65,	Glass Manufacturing, subclasses 19+ for the utilization of slag.
106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 624+ , 714+, and 789+ for utilization of slag in plastic compositions.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, subclasses 28 and 36 for ceramic compositions using slag.

252	. Solidification, vitrification, or cementation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Processes wherein containment is accomplished by the use of solidification, vitrification, or cementation as a means of immobilizing hazardous or toxic waste.

(1) Note. Solidification included herein is any process that will produce a solid phase nonleachable product.

(2) Note. Vitrification included herein is any process that will produce a solid phase nonleachable glass like noncrystalline product.

(3) Note. Cementation included herein is any process that will produce a solid phase nonleachable hydraulic setting product.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

312	through 320, for the use of a chemical reaction to stabilize a substance which is subject to solidification, vitrification or cementation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

65,	Glass Manufacturing, appropriate subclasses for the methods of producing glass.
106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600+ for alkali metal silicate containing compositions and subclasses 638+ for inorganic settable ingredient containing compositions.
210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 749+ for a chemical treatment process.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, subclasses 2+ for devitrified glass - ceramics, subclasses 11+ for glass compositions, and subclass 124 for refractory hydraulic cement containing compositions.

253	.. In situ vitrification:

This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Processes whereby the melting or sintering to form a glass or glass like substance is done underground.

(1) Note. Included herein is any process that produces the necessary conditions for the melting or sintering of a substance to form a glassy mass under the surface of the earth.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

405,

Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclass 128.1 for a process or apparatus for soil remediation wherein the process does not destroy or contain hazardous or toxic waste; and subclass 258.1 for the treatment of a condition of the earth not related to remediation, or for the control of an earthen formation for the purpose of reinforcement or stabilization.

254	.. Contains asbestos:

This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Processes wherein asbestos is present in the hazardous or toxic material.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600+ for compositions containing asbestos.
162,	Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, subclasses 153+ for making a paper like product containing asbestos.
423,	Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclass 167 for treating asbestos.

255	.. Polymer or resin containing (e.g., foam, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Processes wherein a polymer or resin is used in the solidification, vitrification, or cementation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

264,	Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes, subclasses 4+ for encapsulating normally liquid materials.
427,	Coating Processes, subclasses 212+ for particles, flakes, or granules coated or encapsulated.

256	.. Waste contains heavy metals (e.g., fly ash, flue dust, and incinerator ash):

This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Processes wherein hazardous or toxic waste contains heavy metals.

(1) Note. It is assumed that fly ash, flue dust, and incinerator ash obtained from various sources will contain at least traces of some heavy metal in the absence of disclosure to the contrary.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 286.1+ for inorganic materials only containing at least one metal atom and subclass 287.18 for coating or plastic compositions containing heavy metals.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, subclass 155 for ceramic compositions composed of waste material.

257	... And confined in a cement type material (e.g., concrete):

This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Processes wherein waste is used in the production or formulation of a cement type product.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600+ for alkali metal silicate containing subclasses 638+ for inorganic settable ingredient containing, and subclasses 286.1+ for compositions, coating or plastic which contain only inorganic materials with at least one metal atom. Class 588 contains any formulation of the above materials with hazardous or toxic waste.
405,	Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclasses 266+ for cementitious grouting.

259	. Secondary containment:

This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Processes wherein more than one form of containment is used (i.e., one form of containment around another form of containment).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

405,	Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclass 129.1 for subterranean waste disposal, containment, or treatment; and subclass 266 for cementing.

260	. With sensing, detecting, or monitoring:

This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Processes wherein the integrity of the containment is observed by chemical, physical, electrical, or optical methods to sense, detect, or monitor movement of waste.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

73,	Measuring and Testing, subclasses 40+ and 52 for leakage testing and subclasses 290+ for barrel liquid level indicator.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 3.1 through 3.9for selective communication having monitoring in addition to control.

261	MISCELLANEOUS:

	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process not provided for above.

900	APPARATUS:

Apparatus used in the destruction, containment, or conversion of hazardous or toxic waste.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

53,	Package Making, subclasses 556+ for the apparatus used in a process for a contraction of a cover by stretching or shrinking and subclasses 580+ for the apparatus for forming or partially forming receptacle and subsequently filling.
100,	Presses, appropriate subclasses for presses used in contacting hazardous and toxic waste.
110,	Furnaces, subclasses 235+ for incinerators for refuse.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 452 for the process of general heating using solar heat.
175,	Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclasses 73+ for apparatus used in boring or penetrating the earth.
202,	Distillation: Apparatus, for the apparatus used in the processes of distillation.
220,	Receptacles, subclasses 62.11+ for multilayer barrier structure.
422,	Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, for apparatus acting on hazardous or toxic waste for disinfection or sterilization thereof. See subclasses 243+ , particularly subclasses 292+ for treating a solid article or material with a "chemical" in a liquid, gaseous, or vapor state (e.g., steam sterilizers, steam is considered a "chemical" also when it disinfects, sterilizes, deodorizes, or preserves, since steam so used appears to have a function more than mere heating) wherein the article or material is recovered essentially unchanged from the treatment (a "chemical" is defined as a substance which has a function beyond that of another class, per se, e.g., drying, heating, cleaning, etc.; a recitation that a substance disinfects, sterilizes, deodorizes, or preserves will cause the substance to be considered a "chemical" unless accompanied by positive disclosure that the disinfecting, sterilizing, deodorizing, or preserving is done only by a function provided for elsewhere; e.g., heating, etc.), and subclasses 307+ for heat treating vessel with heating means, not elsewhere provided for.
425,	Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, subclass 5 for means of encapsulating normally liquid material, subclasses 6+ for means of making particulate material directly from liquid or molten material, and subclasses 130+ for means of feeding fluent stock from plural sources to common shaping means to form composite product and the rest of the class for shaping of articles.

901	COMPOSITIONS:

Compositions used in the destruction or containment of hazardous or toxic waste.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 600+ for the production of cement using hazardous or toxic waste.
252,	Compositons, subclasses 625+ for useful products (compositions) that contain radioactive hazardous toxic waste.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, for containment of hazardous or toxic waste in a ceramic.
520-528,	Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers -Part of the Class 520 Series, for encapsulating or binding hazardous or toxic waste in a synthetic resin or natural rubber.

FOR000

CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS

	This subclass has no definition.