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CLASS 388, ELECTRICITY: MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEMS

800	CLOSED LOOP SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DC MOTOR WITH COMMUTATOR:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a signal proportional to the running speed of a DC commutating motor (i.e., a feedback signal) is used to regulate the input to the motor to maintain a constant running speed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

825+,

for open loop (i.e., without feedback) speed control systems for commutating DC motors.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 400.01 through 400.41for closed-loop speed control system in synchronous brushless (i.e., electronic commutating) motors.

801	. Field control, or field and armature control, by digital or combined analog and digital circuitry:

This subclass is indented under subclass 800. Subject matter in which regulation of the running speed of the motor is effected by digital, or a combination of analog and digital, circuitry which controls the energizing of, (1) a field winding of the motor, or (2) both a field winding and an armature winding.

(1) Note. See the Glossary in the class definition for the terms "digital" and "analog".

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

803+,	for analog (only) closed loop running speed control of field windings or of both field and armature windings.
809+,	for digital or combined analog and digital closed loop running speed control systems which control an armature winding only.

803	. Field control, or field and armature control, by analog (only) circuitry:

This subclass is indented under subclass 800. Subject matter in which regulation of the running speed of the motor is effected by analog circuitry which controls the energizing of, (1) a field winding of the motor, or (2) both a field winding and an armature winding.

(1) Note. See the Glossary in the class definition for "analog."

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

816+,

for analog closed loop running speed control systems which control an armature winding only.

804	.. By pulse width or duty cycle modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Subject matter wherein energy is applied to the motor in the form of a series of pulses and the running speed of the motor is controlled by varying the width of the pulses or by periodic interruption of the pulses.

805	.. By phase or frequency modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the phase or frequency relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

806	.. By voltage or current modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the voltage or current relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

807	... With variable impedance:

This subclass is indented under subclass 806. Subject matter wherein the control circuit includes a variable impedance device.

(1) Note. Variable impedance devices include potentiometers, variable inductors, and variable capacitors.

808	.. By selection of windings:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Subject matter wherein running speed is controlled by selecting the windings of the motor field, or armature, or both, which receive energization.

809	. Armature control by digital or combined analog and digital circuitry:

This subclass is indented under subclass 800. Subject matter in which regulation of the running speed of the motor is effected by digital, or a combination of analog and digital, circuitry which controls the energization of an armature winding only.

(1) Note. See the Glossary in the class definition the terms "digital" and "analog".

811	.. By pulse width or duty cycle modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein energy is applied to the motor in the form of a series of pulses and the running speed of the motor is controlled by varying the width of the pulses or by periodic interruption of the pulses.

812	.. By phase and frequency modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining both the phase and the frequency relationships between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

813	.. By phase modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the phase relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

814	.. By frequency modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the frequency relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

815	.. By voltage or current modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the voltage or current relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

816	. Analog armature control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 800. Subject matter in which regulation of the running speed of the motor is effected by analog (only) circuitry which controls the energization of an armature winding only.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

803+,

for analog closed loop running speed control systems which control a field winding or both a field and an armature winding.

819	.. By pulse width or duty cycle modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein energy is applied to the motor in the form of a series of pulses and the running speed of the motor is controlled by varying the width of the pulses or by periodic interruption of the pulses.

820	.. By phase of frequency modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the phase or frequency relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

821	.. By voltage and current modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining both the voltage and current relationships between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

822	.. By voltage modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the voltage relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

823	.. By current modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the current relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

824	.. By variable impedance (e.g., potentiometer):

This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the control circuit includes a variable impedance device.

(1) Note. Variable impedance devices include potentiometers, variable inductors, and variable capacitors.

825	OPEN LOOP SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DC MOTOR WITH COMMUTATOR:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a derived reference signal is applied to the input circuit of a commutating DC electric motor to regulate the running speed of the motor.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

800+,

for closed loop speed control systems for commutating DC motors.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 400.01 through 400.41for closed-loop speed control system in synchronous brushless (i.e., electronic commutating) motors.

826	. Field control, or field and armature control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 825. Subject matter in which regulation of the running speed of the motor is effected by circuitry which controls the energization of, (1) a field winding of the motor, or (2) both a field winding and an armature winding.

(1) Note. In this subclass, and the subclasses indented hereunder, the control circuitry may function in either a digital mode or an analog mode or a combination of digital and analog modes. See the Glossary in the class definition for the terms "digital" and "analog."

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

828+,	for digital or combined analog and digital open loop running speed control system which control an armature winding only.
830+,	for analog (only) open loop running speed control of armature (only) windings.

827	.. With plural selectable speeds (e.g., manual switch):

	This subclass is indented under subclass 826. Subject matter including means for selection of two or more preset speeds.

828	. Armature control by digital or combined analog and digital circuitry:

This subclass is indented under subclass 825. Subject matter in which regulation of the running speed of the motor is effected by digital, or a combination of analog and digital, circuitry which controls the energization of an armature winding only.

(1) Note. See the Glossary in the class definition for the terms "digital" and "analog."

829	.. By pulse width or duty cycle modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 828. Subject matter wherein energy is applied to the motor in the form of a series of pulses and the running speed of the motor is controlled by varying the width of the pulses or by periodic interruption of the pulses.

830	. Analog armature control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 825. Subject matter in which the regulation of the running speed of the motor is effected by analog (only) circuitry which controls the energization of an armature winding only.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

826+,

for analog open loop running speed control systems which control a field winding or both a field and an armature winding.

831	.. By pulse width or duty cycle modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter wherein energy is applied to the motor in the form of a series of pulses and the running speed of the motor is controlled by varying the width of the pulses or by periodic interruption of the pulses.

832	.. By frequency modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by adjusting the frequency of DC power pulses applied to the motor input.

833	.. By voltage or current modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter wherein the control circuitry functions by adjusting the amplitude of the voltage or current which is applied to the input circuit of a motor.

834	.. By selection of windings:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter wherein running speed is controlled by selecting the windings of the armature which receive energization.

835	.. By control of motor structure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter wherein running speed is controlled by altering the structural relationship of motor components.

836	... Position or number of brushes:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Subject matter wherein the structure is altered by (a) repositioning one or more commutator brushes or, (b) changing the number of brushes in use.

837	.. By periodic mechanical switch:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter wherein running speed is controlled by means of a mechanical switch which operates repetitiously at a predetermined rate.

838	.. With plural selectable speeds (e.g., with manual switch, potentiometer):

This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter including means for selecting two or more speeds.

(1) Note. Speed selection may be either (1) continuous (e.g., using a potentiometer), or (2) discontinuous (e.g., using a multi-position mechanical switch).

839	... By selecting impedance:

This subclass is indented under subclass 838. Subject matter wherein running speed is controlled by insertion of an impedance device and provision is made for selecting a device from among several having different impedance values.

(1) Note. Impedance devices include resistors, capacitors, and inductors.

840	.... Resistive:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 839. Subject matter wherein the impedance device is a resistor.

841	.... Inductive:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 839. Subject matter wherein the impedance device is an inductor.

842	CLOSED LOOP ACCELERATION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DC MOTOR WITH COMMUTATOR:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a signal proportional to the running speed of a DC commutating motor (i.e., a feedback signal) is used to regulate the input to the motor to control the rate of change of speed (i.e., acceleration of deceleration) or the motor.

(1) Note. In this subclass, and the subclasses indented hereunder, the control circuitry may function in either a digital mode or an analog mode or a combination of digital and analog modes. See the Glossary in the class definition for "digital" and "analog."

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

848+,

for open loop (i.e., without feedback) acceleration control systems for commutating DC motors.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 400.01 through 400.41for closed-loop acceleration control system in synchronous brushless (i.e., electronic commutating) motors.

843	. Field control, or field and armature control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 842. Subject matter in which regulation of the acceleration of the motor is effected by circuitry which controls the energization of, (1) a field winding of the motor, or (2) both a field winding and an armature winding.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

844+,

for closed loop acceleration control systems which control an armature winding only.

844	. Armature control:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 842. Subject matter in which regulation of the acceleration of the motor is effected by circuitry which controls the energization of an armature winding only.

847	.. By voltage or current modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 844. Subject matter wherein the control circuit functions by determining the voltage or current relationship between a reference signal and a feedback signal and by applying an adjustment, based on this relationship, to the motor input.

848	OPEN LOOP ACCELERATION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DC MOTOR WITH COMMUTATOR:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a derived reference signal is applied to the input circuit of a commutating DC electric motor to regulate acceleration or deceleration of the motor.

(1) Note. In this subclass, and the subclasses indented hereunder, the control circuitry may function in either a digital mode or an analog mode or a combination of digital and analog modes. See the Glossary in the class definition for "digital" and "analog."

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

842+,

for closed loop acceleration control systems for commutating DC motors.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclass 400.42 for closed-loop acceleration control system in synchronous brushless (i.e., electronic commutating) motors.

849	. Field control, or field and armature control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 848. Subject matter in which regulation of the acceleration of the motor is effected by circuitry which controls the energization of, (1) a field winding of the motor, or (2) both a field winding and an armature winding.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

853+,

for open loop acceleration control systems which control an armature winding only.

850	.. By transformer or inductive device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 849. Subject matter wherein acceleration of the motor is controlled by a transformer or other inductor.

851	.. By patterned switch:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 849. Subject matter wherein acceleration of the motor is controlled by a mechanical device which makes and breaks the motor circuit according to a predetermined pattern.

852	.. By insertion of resistance:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 849. Subject matter wherein acceleration of the motor is controlled by increasing or decreasing the amount of resistance in the motor circuit.

853	. Armature control:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 848. Subject matter in which regulation of the acceleration of the motor is effected by circuitry which controls the energization of an armature winding only.

854	.. By voltage or current modification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 853. Subject matter wherein the control circuitry functions by adjusting the amplitude of the voltage or current applied to the input circuit of the motor.

855	.. By selectable or variable impedance:

This subclass is indented under subclass 853. Subject matter wherein the control circuit includes a variable impedance device or a set of fixed impedance devices which are selectable by switches, or other means.

(1) Note. Variable impedance devices include potentiometers, variable inductors, and variable capacitors.

856	... By insertion of resistance or shorting of circuit:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 855. Subject matter wherein the impedance device is a variable resistor, or a set of fixed resistors of different values - including zero resistance (short circuit).

857	.... With relay:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 856. Subject matter including a relay.

858	..... Time delay relay:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 857. Subject matter including a time-delayed relay.

859	.... With patterned switch:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 856. Subject matter wherein resistance are inserted by a mechanical device which functions according to a predetermined pattern.

860	... Manual:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 855. Subject matter wherein the impedance value of the motor circuit is selected or varied manually.

900	SPECIFIC SYSTEM OPERATIONAL FEATURE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Electronic cross-reference art collection including miscellaneous aspects of motor control.

(1) Note. This art collection is intended to serve as a repository for art which an examiner wishes to collect as he would do in creating an "unofficial digest". When sufficient art embodying a given creative concept is assembled here, an official art collection will be established for that concept.

901	. Sample and hold:

Art collection of systems which periodically sample an output parameter and generate a feedback signal based on the periodic sample.

(1) Note. Systems which continuously monitor an output parameter, and which generate a continuously varying feedback signal therefrom, are not cross-referenced here.

902	. Compensation:

Art collection of systems which apply one or more corrective signals to a motor input drive signal in order to compensate for operational irregularities.

(1) Note. "Operational irregularities" include, but are not limited to: temperature changes, frequency drift, voltage fluctuations, friction, structural changes.

903	. Protective (e.g., voltage or current limit):

	Art collection of systems which act to prevent damage to a motor or to circuitry associated with a motor.

904	. Stored velocity profile:

	Art collection of systems which include means for storing and using a predetermined velocity profile or pattern of velocities and changes of velocity.

905	. Armature and field windings connected in series (i.e., series motor):

	Art collection of systems which control electric motors wherein the armature and field windings of the motor are connected in series relationship.

906	. Proportional-integral system:

	Art collection of systems with means to correct both instantaneous (i.e., proportional) errors and long term average (i.e., integral) errors.

907	SPECIFIC CONTROL CIRCUIT ELEMENT OR DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Electronic cross-reference art collection including miscellaneous circuit subsystems or devices used in control systems throughout this class.

(1) Note. This art collection is intended to serve as a repository for art which an examiner wishes to collect as he would do in creating an "unofficial digest". When sufficient art embodying a given creative concept is assembled here, an official art collection will be established for that concept.

907.2

. Bridge circuit:

	Art collection of systems which include one or more of the several types of circuit known as "bridge" circuits, e.g., "H" type, Wheatstone type, etc.

907.5

. Computer or microprocessor:

	Art collection of systems which include digital logic circuitry operating under the control of a stored set of instructions, i.e., a program.

908	. Frequency to voltage converter:

	Art collection of systems which include a circuit element or subsystem whose function is to convert the frequency of an electrical signal to a voltage.

909	. Monitoring means:

	Art collection of systems with means to monitor one or more parameters and warn of abnormal conditions.

910	. Operational/differential amplifier:

	Art collection of systems which include a circuit element or subsystem comprised of an operational or differential amplifier.

911	. Phase locked loop:

	Art collection of systems which include a circuit element or subsystem which exhibits the property of securing and maintaining a given phase relationship between two electrical signals.

912	. Pulse or frequency counter:

	Art collection of systems which include a circuit element or subsystem which counts electrical pulses or frequencies.

913	. Saturable reactor, space discharge device, or magnetic amplifier:

	Art collection of systems which include one or more of the devices known as saturable reactors, space discharge devices, or magnetic amplifiers.

914	.. Thyratron or ignitron:

	Subject matter under art collection 913 wherein the device is specifically a thyratron or an ignitron.

915	. Sawtooth or ramp waveform generator:

	Art collection of systems which include a circuit element whose function is to generate a repetitious wave with linear rising, or falling, slope.

916	. Threshold circuit:

	Art collection of systems which include circuit elements which conduct only at voltages above a predetermined minimum value.

917	. Thyristor or SCR:

	Art collection of systems which include a bistable circuit element whose function is to reverse the polarity of an electrical signal.

918	.. Triggered by unijunction transistor:

	Subject matter under art collection 917 in which the operation of the thyristor or SCR is initiated by a signal from a unijunction transistor.

919	.. Triggered by resistor or capacitor:

	Subject matter under art collection 917 in which the operation of the thyristor or SCR is initiated by a signal from a resistor or a capacitor.

920	.. Chopper:

	Subject matter under art collection 917 in which rhyristor or SCR is used to periodically interrupt conduction of a current.

921	. Timer or time delay means:

	Art collection of systems which include a circuit element or subsystem whose function is to measure time intervals or to determine start or stop times for electrical signals.

922	. Tuned or resonant circuit:

	Art collection of systems which include an oscillating circuit which can be set to oscillate at a predetermined frequency.

923	SPECIFIC FEEDBACK CONDITION OR DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Electronic cross-reference art collection including miscellaneous devices for generating signals responsive to specific conditions at the output of the motor.

(1) Note. This art collection is intended to serve as a repository for art which an examiner wishes to collect as he would do in creating an "unofficial digest". When sufficient art embodying a given creative concept is assembled here, an official art collection will be established for that concept.

924	. Centrifugal device (e.g., governor):

	Art collection of systems wherein feedback is provided by a rotary mechanical device which senses the speed of the motor by sensing the position of weights which are subject to centrifugal forces due to the rotation of the motor.

925	.. Including contacts which open and close motor circuit:

	Subject matter under art collection 924 wherein the rotary device includes electrical contacts which function to open or close the motor circuit at different positions of the weights.

926	.. Which controls a vacuum tube or solid-state device in motor circuit:

	Subject matter under art collection 924 wherein a signal from the rotary mechanical device is applied to a vacuum tube, or a solid state device, which is a part of a motor control circuit.

927	.. Which varies resistance of motor circuit:

	Subject matter under art collection 924 wherein the rotary mechanical device varies the amount of resistance in a motor control circuit.

928	.. Which controls position of commutator brushes:

	Subject matter under art collection 924 wherein the rotary mechanical device controls the relative position of motor commutator brushes.

928.1

. Counter or back EMF (CEMF):

	Art collection of systems in which an opposing voltage, i.e., counter electromotive force or CEMF, induced in an armature winding, by virtue of the armature"s motion within the magnetic field of a field winding is used as a feedback signal in controlling a motor.

929	. Fluid/granular material flow rate, pressure, or level:

	Art collection of systems in which the running speed of a motor is controlled in accordance with a feedback signal which is proportional to the flow rate, the pressure, or the level of a fluid or granular (i.e., particulate) material.

930	. Load or torque:

	Art collection of systems in which the running speed of a motor is controlled in accordance with a feedback signal which is proportional to a load or counter torque applied at the motor output.

931	.. Electric generator or magnet as auxiliary load:

	Subject matter under art collection 930 wherein the counter torque is applied to the motor output by a magnet, or by driving an electric generator.

932	.. With reverse torque (e.g., braking):

	Subject matter under art collection 930 wherein the torque is applied to the motor output by a mechanical or electromagnetic brake.

933	. Radiant energy responsive device:

	Art collection of systems wherein a feedback signal is generated by a device which is sensitive to radiant energy.

934	. Thermal condition:

	Art collection of systems in which the running speed of the motor is controlled in accordance with a signal which is proportional to the temperature of the motor or of another component of the system.

935	SPECIFIC APPLICATION:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Electronic cross-reference art collection including miscellaneous specific applications of motor controls.

(1) Note. This art collections is intended to serve as a repository for art which an examiner wishes to collect as he would do in creating an "unofficial digest". When sufficient art embodying a given creative concept is assembled here, an official art collection will be established for that concept.

936	. Food preparation equipment:

	Art collection of systems of motor control applied in the context of a tool for the preparation of food (e.g., electric mixer, food processor, blender, etc.).

937	. Hand tool:

	Art collection of systems of motor control applied in the context of a portable tool (e.g., electric drill, screwdriver, saw, etc.).

FOR000

CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS

	This subclass has no definition.