CLASS 331, OSCILLATORS |
94.1 | MOLECULAR OR PARTICLE RESONANT TYPE (E.G., MASER): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator consists of (a) a
medium which may be solid, liquid, or gaseous, comprising
particles, molecules, or atoms; (b) means
including a source of energy for setting the particles, molecules, or
atoms into a state of vibration or oscillation; and (c) means
to abstract electromagnetic wave energy produced by the vibration
or oscillation of the particles, molecules, or
atoms. The vibration or oscillation is that of the particle, molecule, or
atom itself and is not due to the translational motion of the particle, molecule, or
atom as a whole.
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1R | AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY STABILIZATION USING A PHASE OR FREQUENCY SENSING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator has means to adjust
its generated frequency and is also provided with a control circuit
or loop for controlling the oscillator frequency adjusting means
in response to deviation of the generated frequency of the oscillator
from a desired frequency or range of frequencies in such direction
and amount as to restore the oscillator frequency to the desired
frequency or range of frequencies. The control circuit
or loop includes: (1) discriminator
means for sensing the deviation of the generated frequency of the oscillator
in direction and amount and for producing control energy proportional
to such deviation, and (2) means responsive
to the control energy and coupled to frequency adjusting means of
the oscillator to vary the frequency adjusting means in such direction
and amount as to restore the generated frequency of the oscillator
to the desired frequency or range of frequencies.
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2 | . Plural oscillators controlled: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the generated frequency of two or
more oscillators is automatically stabilized. The oscillators
may have A.F.S. loops individual to each
oscillator or a single A.F.S. loop may
control two or more oscillators, or any combination of
A.F.S. loops may be employed, provided
the generated frequency of two or more oscillators is automatically
stabilized.
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3 | . Molecular resonance stabilization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the frequency discriminator or sensing
means is of the molecular or atomic resonance type, comprising
a medium, which may be solid, liquid or gaseous, the
frequency selective properties of which are due to the vibration
or oscillation of the individual molecule or atom itself and are
not due to the translational motion of the molecule or atom as a
whole.
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4 | . Search sweep of oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein means are provided, in addition
to the A.F.S. loop, for varying
the oscillator frequency through a range of frequencies. The
systems classified herein are chiefly directed to means for restoring
A.F.S. control wherein such control is
lost due to the fact that the oscillator frequency for some reason, such
as during "warm-up" or some other disturbance, lies
outside the "capture" range of the frequency discriminator, the
sweep range of frequencies includes the "capture" range
of the discriminator and serves to bring the oscillator frequency
within the "capture" range and thereby render
the A.F.S. effective.
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5 | . Magnetron oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the oscillator provided with A.F.S. is
of the magnetic and electric field controlled space discharge device
type.
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6 | . Klystron oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the oscillator provided with A.F.S. is
of the beam tube type utilizing hollow resonator electron bunching
or electron bunching and catching means for determining the generated
frequency of the oscillator. Such oscillators are generally
designated as klystron oscillators.
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7 | .. Plural controls: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Subject matter wherein the oscillator is provided with two
or more oscillator frequency controls as part of the A.F.S. system.
For example, the A.F.S. system
for a reflex klystron oscillator may (1) control
a motor to tune the cavity for coarse tuning and at the same time (2) supply
a bias voltage to the reflector electrode for fine tuning of the
oscillator.
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8 | . Transistorized controls: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the A.F.S. circuit
of the oscillator includes semiconductor means, such as
transistors.
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9 | . Oscillator with distributed parameter-type discriminator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the A.F.S. control
circuit of the oscillator is provided with a frequency sensing means
of the distributed parameter type (e.g., cavity
resonator).
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10 | . Plural A.F.S. for a single oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein oscillator is provided with two or
more A.F.S. means, each having
a different effect in tuning the oscillator. For example, one
A.F.S. means may provide a coarse tuning
control and another A.F.S. means may
effect a fine tuning control of the oscillator.
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11 | .. Plural comparators or discriminators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Subject matter wherein the oscillator system is provided with two or more comparators or discriminators, each of which may be associated with a separate A.F.S. control. By way of examples (1) one discriminator may have a broad band frequency response characteristic and another discriminator may have a narrow band frequency response characteristic or (2) one discriminator may be of the frequency sensitive type, while another discriminator may be of the phase sensitive type. | |
12 | ... With phase-shifted inputs: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter wherein at least two comparators are so arranged that the outputs of the controlled oscillator and a reference oscillator are directly compared in one comparator and the output of the controlled oscillator is phase-shifted and then compared with the reference oscillator in a second comparator, the outputs of the comparators then being combined in a control circuit to effect tuning of the controlled oscillator. | |
13 | .. Motor control of oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Subject matter wherein at least one of the A.F.S. controls
includes an electric motor for electromechanically adjusting a tuning
reactance of the oscillator. Usually the motor control
is utilized for coarse tuning while another A.F.S. control
of the electronic type (e.g., including
a reactance tube) is utilized for fine tuning of the oscillator.
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14 | . With intermittent comparison controls: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein means are provided to open and close the A.F.S. loop of the oscillator periodically. By way of example, a periodically actuated switch may connect the input of the comparator in the A.F.S. loop of an oscillator alternately to the oscillator output and the reference oscillator output. | |
15 | . Amplitude compensation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the A.F.S. loop
circuit of the oscillator is provided with means to limit the amplitude, or
to maintain the amplitude constant, or to correct or otherwise
compensate for undesired changes in amplitude of a control signal
in the loop circuit, or to disable the A.F.S. loop
if the amplitude of the control signal (e.g., reference
oscillator signal) is below a predetermined level (e.g., the
level wherein noise signals may adversely affect the oscillator
A.F.S. and thereby cause the generated
frequency to be shifted outside its proper range).
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16 | . Tuning compensation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the A.F.S. controlled oscillator
includes means for setting the frequency of the generated oscillations
to any selected frequency within a predetermined frequency range, means
being provided to interrupt or otherwise deactivate the A.F.S. control loop
of the controlled oscillator while changing the generated frequency
from one value to another so as to prevent the A.F.S. loop
from tending to hold the oscillator frequency to its previously
set value, that is, the A.F.S. tends
to drag.
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17 | . Particular error voltage control (e.g., intergrating network): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the A.F.S. loop of the oscillator is provided with means to modify or control the error voltage so as to compensate or correct for undesired changes in the error voltage brought about by some deficiency in the oscillator system, such as a drift in reference frequency, hunting due to instability around the A.F.S. loop, undesired shift in phase of side band frequencies, and so forth. | |
18 | . With reference oscillator or source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the A.F.S. circuit
of the controlled oscillator includes a source of constant frequency, which
source serves as a frequency standard, means being provided
for comparing the frequency of the oscillations generated by the
controlled oscillator with the standard frequency, the
frequency comparison means producing an electrical control or error signal
which is a measure of the deviation, in direction and amount, of
the controlled oscillator frequency from the standard frequency, the control
or error signal being applied to the frequency adjustment means
of the controlled oscillator in such a manner as to reduce the frequency
difference between the generated oscillations of the controlled
oscillator and the oscillations of the constant frequency source
to a minimum.
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19 | .. Spectrum reference source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter wherein the reference source is a spectrum
generator producing a plurality of waves of different frequencies, which
waves are simultaneously fed to the comparator or discriminator
of the A.F.S. circuit of the controlled
oscillator means being provided wherein the generated waves of the
controlled oscillator may be selectively locked-in to the desired
frequency of the spectrum.
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20 | .. T.V. sync type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter wherein the oscillator system is of the type
peculiarly adapted for use in television systems (e.g., vertical
or horizontal sweep generators), the reference
source comprising synchronizing pulses (usually of short
duration) which pulses are compared with signals representative
of the generated waves of the controlled oscillator in a phase comparison means, the
resulting control or error signal from the comparison means being
utilized to adjust the frequency of the controlled oscillator to
restore it to the desired relationship with reference frequency.
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21 | ... Lock to power line: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Subject matter wherein means are provided to stabilize or lock the controlled oscillator to the low frequency (e.g., 50, 60 C.P.S.) power current derived from a commercial alternating current supply line. | |
22 | .. Plural significant heterodyne stages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter wherein two or more frequency beating or
heterodyning means, or stages, are effectively
connected in the A.F.S. loop of the controlled
oscillator.
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23 | .. Sensing modulation (e.g., frequency modulation controlled oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter wherein means are provided to frequency modulate
the generated oscillations of the controlled oscillator by a low
frequency reference source, signals representative of the modulated
signal being compared with signals from the low frequency reference
source in a signal comparator, the error signal from the output
of the comparator being utilized to restore the generated frequency
of the oscillator to the desired relationship with the reference
frequency.
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24 | ... With motor comparator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein the signal comparator comprises a
polyphase motor (usually of the two phase or split-phase
type) having at least two phase windings, the
signal representative of the low frequency modulated oscillations
of the controlled oscillator being applied to one phase winding
and the signal representative of the low frequency source being
applied to another phase winding of the motor, the rotor of
the motor is mechanically coupled to the frequency adjusting means
of the oscillator.
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25 | .. Signal or phase comparator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter wherein a particular or significant signal
or phase comparing network is utilized in the A.F.S. loop
of the controlled oscillator.
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26 | ... Plural diode type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein the signal or phase comparator includes
two or more unilaterally conducting devices (e.g., diodes) as
elements thereof.
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27 | ... Plural active element (e.g., triodes): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein the signal of phase comparator includes
two or more active elements (e.g., triodes) as
elements thereof.
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28 | ... Unilateral element (e.g., diode): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein the signal or phase comparator includes
a unilaterally conducting element (e.g., diode, triode) as
an element thereof.
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29 | ... Electromechanical: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter wherein the signal or phase comparator is
of the electromechanical type (e.g., two-phase
motor, the reference source being applied to one phase
winding and the controlled oscillator output being applied to the other
phase winding) or a frequency comparing means of the synchroscope
type.
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30 | . With stable heterodyne oscillator or source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the A.F.S. loop
of the controlled oscillator comprises (1) means
for beating or heterodyning the generated oscillations of the controlled
oscillator with the oscillations of the reference oscillator or
source and (2) a single input discriminator means
responsive to the resulting heterodyned oscillations, which
discriminator produces an output error or control signal proportional
to the frequency deviation of the controlled oscillator from that of
the reference source, the error signal being utilized to
restore the generated frequency of the controlled oscillator to
the desired relationship with the reference frequency.
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31 | .. Plural significant heterodyne stages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter wherein two or more beating or heterodyning
means are utilized in the A.F.S. loop
of the controlled oscillator.
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32 | .. With particular discriminator (e.g., LPF and HPF): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter wherein a significant or particular single-input
frequency deviation detecting network or discriminator is utilized
in the A.F.S. loop of the controlled
oscillator.
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33 | ... Plural diode type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Subject matter wherein the frequency deviation detecting
network or discriminator includes two or more unilaterally conducting
devices (e.g., diodes) as
elements thereof.
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34 | . Particular frequency control means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the controlled oscillator includes
a significant or particular means for controlling, adjusting
or varying its generated frequency as a function of the error signal
from the discriminator in the A.F.S. loop
of the controlled oscillator. The particular means may
be (1) the adjustable tuning element of the controlled
oscillator (e.g., a passive
reactance or a reactance tube comprising an element of the oscillator
tank circuit), or (2) the means
for adjusting the tuning element of (1), (such
as an electric motor drive therefor), or (3) the
combination of (1) and (2).
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35 | .. Electromechanical (e.g., motor): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter wherein the frequency control means includes
an electromechanical drive for the tuning or frequency adjusting
element of the controlled oscillator.
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36R | .. Reactance device (e.g., variable capacitors, saturable inductors, reactance tubes, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter wherein the particular frequency control means comprises an adjustable or variable reactance element or elements of the frequency determining network of the controlled oscillator. Examples of such elements are: reactance tubes, saturable core inductors, adjustable capacitors or inductors, etc. | |
36C | ... Capacitor controlled AFC |
This subclass has no definition. | |
36L | ... Inductor controlled AFC |
This subclass has no definition. | |
1A | . AFC with logic elements |
This subclass has no definition. | |
37 | BEAT FREQUENCY: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a signal producing system including
a signal combining device (e.g., mixer, modulator) having
signal input circuit means and a signal output circuit, at
least two oscillators or a single oscillator simultaneously generating
plural frequencies being connected to the input circuit means, the arrangement
being such that the sum and/or difference frequencies (usually
the difference frequency) of the oscillations generated
by the respective oscillators or of the plural frequency oscillator
appears in the output circuit of the signal combining means.
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38 | . Plural beating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the system includes at least two
signal combining means (i.e., mixers or
modulators).
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39 | .. Single channel: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter wherein the plural mixers or modulators are
connected in concatenation or cascade in a single channel, that
is, the output of one mixer is connected to the input of
a succeeding mixer, etc.
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40 | . Frequency or amplitude adjustment or control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein (1) means are provided for
changing the generated frequency of at least one of the beating
oscillators from one frequency to another, usually over
a range of frequencies, the change may be by discrete steps or
continuous over the range, or (2) means
are provided for changing the amplitude of the generated oscillations
of at least one of the beating oscillators or for effecting a change
in amplitude at some other point in the system, e.g., in
the mixer circuit.
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41 | . Frequency stabilization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein means are provided to prevent or
compensate for an undesired drift in output frequency of the system.
Such drift in frequency may be caused by (1) a
change in a circuit parameter (due to ambient temperature variations
or to the heating affects of currents in the circuit), (2) changes
in active element characteristics, (3) changes
in active element electrode potentials, (4) variations
in load impedance, (5) undesired pull-in
of one oscillator with respect to another oscillator of the system, etc.
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42 | . With particular signal combining means (e.g., cavity mixer): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Subject matter wherein the signal combining means is of a particular type, such as the high frequency type (e.g., cavity mixer) or a tuned circuit between oscillator and mixer which circuit may include frequency dividers or multipliers. | |
43 | .. With filter in mixer output circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Subject matter wherein a wave filter is included in the
mixer output circuit.
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44 | WITH FREQUENCY CALIBRATION OR TESTING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter (1) wherein means are provided
to adjust the frequency setting means of the oscillator to make
its frequency of oscillation correspond to the frequency (or
fundamental, harmonic or sub-harmonic) of
a source of standard frequencies or (2) means
are provided wherein the frequency of the oscillations generated
by the oscillator is compared with the frequency of the oscillations
of a source of standard frequencies and the tuning position indicator
or dial of the oscillator is graduated or marked in accordance with
the results of the comparison with the known frequency setting or
settings of the source of standard frequencies or (3) wherein
means are provided to determine a performance characteristic, or characteristics, of
the oscillator under prescribed conditions of operation (e.g., test
under particular duty cycle, test under various load conditions, test
purity of generated wave form, etc.).
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45 | POLYPHASE OUTPUT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator system is provided
with at least two output circuit, each output producing
a separate wave of the same frequency, the waves being
displaced in phase by a fixed angle (other than phase coincidence
or phase opposition) so as to produce a multiphase or polyphase
set of currents or voltages.
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46 | PLURAL OSCILLATORS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising an electrical system including
at least two significant oscillators.
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47 | . Oscillator used to vary amplitude or frequency of another oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein means are provided to enable energy
from one oscillator to modify or vary the amplitude or frequency
of the oscillations generated by another oscillator.
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48 | . Adjustable frequency: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein at least one of a plurality of oscillators
is provided with means to change the generated frequency from one
value to another.
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49 | . Selectively connected to common output or oscillator substitution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein means are provided for connecting
one or more of two or more oscillators at will to a common output
circuit or wherein means are provided for disconnecting one oscillator
from a load circuit and connecting another oscillator to the load
circuit, i.e., oscillator substitution.
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50 | . Cascade or tandem connected: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein two or more oscillators are effectively
connected in concatenation, that is, the output
circuit of one oscillator is connected to the input circuit of a
second oscillator so that the first oscillator drives the second oscillator.
The second oscillator may drive a third oscillator, the
third oscillator a fourth oscillator, etc.
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51 | .. Frequency dividers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Cascaded oscillators wherein at least one succeeding oscillator
generates oscillations of a frequency that is subharmonically related
to the frequency of the oscillations generated by a preceding oscillator
of the cascade.
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52 | .. Semiconductor (e.g., transistor): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein the cascaded oscillators are of the
semiconductor active element type (e.g., transistor).
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53 | .. Frequency multiplier: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Cascaded oscillators wherein at least one succeeding oscillator
generates oscillations of a frequency that is harmonically related
to the frequency of the oscillations generated by a preceding oscillator
of the cascade.
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54 | .. Diverse-type oscillators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter wherein at least two of the cascaded oscillators
are of different types, such as: Hartley and
Colpitts oscillators, relaxation and sine wave oscillators, multivibrator
and blocking oscillators, by way of examples.
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55 | . Synchronized, triggered or pulsed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein at least one of a plurality of oscillators
is provided with means for coupling the oscillator, or
oscillators, to a periodic source of synchronizing or triggering potential
to drive to lock the period of the oscillator, or oscillators, to
the period of the source or to some multiple or submultiple thereof.
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56 | . Parallel connected: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein the output circuits of at least two oscillators are effectively connected in parallel. | |
57 | RING OSCILLATORS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator comprises three or
more active elements connected or cascade, the output of
one active element being connected to the input of another active
element to form a closed chain or loop, the active elements
being so connected and biased that they are caused to switch from
a conducting to a nonconducting state in succession, cyclically, thereby
generating self-sustained oscillations.
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58 | PLURAL FUNCTIONS SIMULTANEOUSLY: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator circuit is provided
with means for performing at least one other function in addition
to the generation of oscillations, which other function
is independent of and is intended to be performed concurrently with
the production of oscillations by the oscillator. An example
of the type of plural function system falling within the foregoing
definition is that of a vacuum tube circuit that simultaneously
acts as an amplifier of extraneous waves of one frequency and as
an oscillator with respect to waves of a different frequency, there
being no mutual interaction between the two waves.
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59 | CONVERTIBLE (E.G., OSCILLATOR TO AMPLIFIER, ETC.): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are provided for effecting
a change in oscillator circuit connections or for adding or substituting
circuit element thereto so that the system resulting from such change
or substitution is substantially different from the original oscillator
circuit.
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60 | SINGLE OSCILLATOR WITH PLURAL OUTPUT CIRCUITS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator network includes at
least two separate and distinct output circuits.
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61 | . Plural outputs of diverse wave form: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Subject matter wherein the electric waves derivable from
at least two separate output circuits are of different wave shapes.
Examples are: sine wave and triangular wave, saw-tooth and
square wave, sine wave and square wave, etc.
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62 | WITH OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT PROTECTIVE MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator is provided with means
to protect the oscillator circuit or elements thereof from damage
due to some condition or malfunction of the oscillator circuit or
power supply therefor.
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63 | PROTECTIVE OF SAFETY DEVICES FOR PERSONNEL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator is provided with means
for protecting persons contacting the oscillator or an exposed portion thereof
or persons controlling the oscillator from the danger of bodily
injury or electrical shock because of the high potentials associated with
the oscillator (e.g., the potential
of the power source or the generated oscillations).
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64 | WITH INDICATOR, SIGNAL, OR ALARM: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator is provided with an
indicator, signal or alarm means to indicate or signal
some state or condition of the oscillator.
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65 | WITH DEVICE RESPONSIVE TO EXTERNAL PHYSICAL CONDITION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator is combined with means
distinct from the oscillator system or wherein the means is a modified element
of the oscillator, which means is responsive to a nonelectrical
condition external to the oscillator, a current characteristic
of the oscillator, (e.g., amplitude
or frequency) being varied in accordance with changes in
the sensed condition.
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66 | . Temperature or light responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter wherein the condition responsive means is
responsive to temperature or radiant energy in the form of light.
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67 | WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SHIELD: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator system is provided (1) with
means for shielding at least part of the oscillator system from
external electric or magnetic fields, (2) with
means to shield one or more parts of the oscillator system from
electric or magnetic fields generated in one or more other parts
of the oscillator system, (3) with shielding
or screening means to prevent radiation of undesired electric or
magnetic fields generated within the oscillator system.
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68 | WITH OUTER CASING OR HOUSING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators provided with a casing or housing to enclose
the oscillator.
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69 | . With temperature modifier: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter wherein means are associated with the housed
oscillator for controlling or modifying the temperature of the oscillator
or elements thereof.
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70 | WITH TEMPERATURE MODIFIER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are provided for modifying
or controlling the temperature of the oscillator or elements thereof.
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71 | RAW A.C. USED AS SOURCE OF POWER OR BIAS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the source of power or bias for the
output and control electrodes or the output electrode of the active
element of the oscillator comprises raw alternating current, which
current is applied directly to the electrodes.
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72 | ELECTRON-COUPLED TYPE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the active element of the oscillator
includes a cathode, two or more grids and an output electrode (e.g., conventional
tetrode or pentode) and wherein the cathode and at least
two grids are connected in circuit to form a triode oscillator, one
of the grids acting as an anode electrode, and wherein the
output electrode is coupled to the oscillator solely through the
electron stream, so that the output circuit is substantially
isolated from the oscillator circuit. In effect, the
resulting circuit comprises an oscillator and power amplifier combined
in one tube.
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73 | . Piezoelectric crystal resonator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Subject matter, wherein a piezoelectric crystal comprises
a frequency determining element of the oscillator.
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74 | COMBINED WITH PARTICULAR OUTPUT COUPLING NETWORK: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator has coupled or connected
to its output circuit an additional network, which network
may be passive or active, the driven load being coupled or
connected to the output of the additional network.
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75 | . Space discharge or unilaterally conductive device in output network: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter wherein the output coupling network includes
a device having at least two spaced electrodes between which an
electric current may be caused to flow. Included, by way
of example, are spark gaps, electron tubes (diodes, triodes, etc.) of
the vacuum type or gas-filled type and solid state equivalents thereof, such
as semi-conductor barrier layer devices (e.g., rectifier, transistors).
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76 | .. Harmonic producing or selecting network: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Subject matter wherein (1) the active
element is operated on a nonlinear portion of its characteristic
so as to produce harmonics of the fundamental frequency of the oscillator, further filter
means usually being provided to select a particular harmonic or
harmonics of the harmonics generated, or (2) a
wave filter selective to the desired harmonic or harmonics of the harmonics
generated by the oscillator is included in the output coupling network.
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77 | . Wave filter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter wherein the output coupling network is of
the passive type and is so designed as to pass waves of a desired
frequency or band of frequencies with little attenuation while highly
attenuating waves of other or undesired frequency or band of frequencies.
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78 | ELECTRICAL NOISE OR RANDOM WAVE GENERATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator comprises means for
utilizing the random translatory motions of charged particles for generating
a substantially infinite number of waves of different frequencies
which are fortuitously related, having no definite phase
relationship, period, amplitude or shape.
The means may be (1) a solid conductor, the
random waves being generated by the thermal agitation of the free
electrons, or (2) a thermionic space
discharge device, wherein the random waves are caused by
random emission of electrons (such as the shot effect in
a temperature limited thermionic diode), or (3) a
gaseous space discharge device wherein the thermal agitation or
electrical excitation of the molecules, ions and electrons
of the gas produces the random waves.
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79 | BEAM TUBE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein (1) the active
element of the oscillator comprises a space discharge device consisting
of a source of charged particles, means for concentrating
the particles into a directed beam, means for exerting
a control on the beam (e.g., beam
accelerating electrode, control grid, deflecting
means, slow wave structure, buncher type resonator, reflector
electrode, etc.) and means for deriving
output oscillatory energy from the controlled beam.
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80 | . With beam sweeping or deflecting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter wherein the beam control means of the space
discharge device includes means (e.g., beam
deflecting electrodes or coils) for causing the beam to
depart from its directed path.
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81 | . With electron bunching or velocity variation means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter wherein the means for controlling the beam
comprises a resonator or a slow wave structure (delay line) effectively
in energy-coupling relation to the moving beam of particles, the
energy interchange between the particles and resonator or slow wave
structure due to relative movement therebetween resulting in a change
in velocity of given particles along the path of the beam, such
differences in velocity of given particles causing the particles
to form in groups or bunches.
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82 | .. Traveling wave type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter wherein the means controlling the beam comprises
a transmission line of the slow wave type placed in energy exchanging relation
to the beam of particles, the axes of the transmission
line and the beam being in the same general direction, the
transmission line being so constructed that the phase velocity of a
component of a traveling electromagnetic wave propagated therealong
approximates the velocity of the beam of particles being such that
the wave gains in energy while the particles lose energy, the
slowing down of the particles causing groups or bunches to form.
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83 | .. Multicavity type (e.g., Klystron): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter wherein the means controlling the beam includes
at least two distributed parameter devices of the cavity resonator
type, the resonators being provided with apertures, the
beam of particles being directed through the apertures of the resonators
in succession, exciting the resonators into oscillation. The first
resonator causes bunching of the particles passing therethrough, the
bunched particles then travel in a field-free region where
further bunching occurs and then the bunched particles enter the
second resonator giving up their energy to excite it into oscillation, a
positive feedback loop from the second resonator to the first resonator
causes sustained oscillations to be generated.
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84 | .. Reflex type (i.e., with repeller electrode): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter wherein the means controlling the beam of
particles comprises a buncher resonator effectively placed in the
path of the beam and interacting therewith to cause the particles to
be velocity modulated or bunched, a repeller electrode
is provided in the path of the bunched particles and is so biased
as to reflect the bunched particles and cause them to return to the
buncher resonator in proper phase to interact therewith to give
additional energy to the resonator and produce sustained oscillations.
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86 | WITH MAGNETICALLY CONTROLLED SPACE DISCHARGE DEVICE (E.G., MAGNETRON): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the active element of the oscillator
consists of a space discharge device having means for producing
a space discharge comprising charged particles, such as
electrons or ions, and wherein further means are provided
for subjecting the space discharge to the direct control of a magnetic field
and an electric field.
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87 | . With particular pulsing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter wherein an electrical network including switching
or keying means is provided for producing high voltage pulses of large
energy content, which pulses are applied between electrodes (cathode
and anode) of the active element of the oscillator to cause
the oscillator to generate oscillations in accordance with the duration
of the pulses.
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88 | . With frequency stabilization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter wherein means are provided in the oscillator
circuit to prevent or compensate for undesirable drift or change
in oscillator frequency caused by changes in (1) space
discharge device characteristics or (2) circuit parameters
or (3) supply or bias voltages, or any
combination or (1), (2) or (3).
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89 | . With secondary emissive electrode: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter wherein the magnetically controlled space
discharge device includes a secondary electron emissive electrode.
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90 | . With frequency adjustment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter wherein the oscillator includes means to
vary or change the frequency of the oscillations generated by the
oscillator.
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91 | . With undesired mode suppression or selection means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter wherein the circuit constants of the oscillator
are such that the oscillator may have several possible modes of
operation and wherein means are provided to prevent or suppress
the generation of modes other than the desired mode.
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92 | RETARDING FIELD TUBE-TYPE OSCILLATORS (E.G., BARKHAUSEN KURZ): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator comprises an electron
tube having at least three electrodes, i.e., a
source of electrons (cathode), control
electrode (grid) and an anode or plate electrode, the
control electrode being biased positively with respect to the other
electrodes. The bias potentials of the electrodes are
so chosen that the electrons attracted from the cathode by the positive
grid pass through the grid and are slowed down by the repelling
effect of the negative anode field and are returned back to, or
through the grid. This phenomenon is repeated again and
again so that a cloud of electrons is caused to sweep back and forth through
the grid, giving up energy to the grid at a frequency which
is a function of the transit time of the electrons. Usually
a frequency determining network is associated with the electron
tube so that the frequency of the generated oscillation is a function
of both the electron transit time and the network parameters.
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93 | . With distributed parameter resonator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Subject matter wherein a distributed parameter frequency
determining network is associated with the electron tube.
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95 | BUTTERFLY RESONATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining element
of the oscillator comprises a variable split stator capacitor, the
stator plates being in general circular discs having a symmetrical
opening therein of butterfly wing configuration, the rotor
plates having a corresponding butterfly shape and being in interleaving
or meshing relation to the stator plates and being rotatable about
an axis normal to and passing through the center of symmetry of
the surface of the rotor plates. The arrangement is such
that both the capacitance and inductance of the device vary at a
function of the rotor position.
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96 | WITH DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER RESONATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining means or
resonator of the oscillator is of the distributed network type, the capacitance, inductance
and resistance of which cannot be isolated into separate lumped capacitors, inductors
or resistors and wherein the time factor of propagation of wave
energy in the network is appreciable. Examples of such
a network are an open-circuited or short-circuited
wave transmission line a quarter wave length long at the desired
resonant frequency. Included are transmission lines wherein
the principal wave may be of TEM mode (e.g., parallel
wire and coaxial lines) or E or H mode having longitudinal
as well as transverse wave components (e.g., hollow
conductors, dielectric rods, single wire surface-wave
mode wave guides).
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97 | . Tube enclosed by resonator structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Subject matter wherein the oscillator includes a frequency
determining network comprising a hollow conductive structure, such
as a coaxial line resonator or a cavity type resonator, and wherein
the active element of the oscillator is effectively enclosed thereby.
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98 | .. Disk seal tube (e.g., lighthouse, pencil tube): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Subject matter wherein the active element comprises an electron
tube including an envelope having an axis of symmetry and wherein at
least one electrode, usually the control grid of the tube, has
an external contact comprising a planar disc or annulus whose center
of revolution is on the axis of symmetry of the tube envelope and
normal thereto. Examples of such electron tubes are the
lighthouse tube and the pencil tube wherein the anode, grid
and cathode external contacts are surfaces of revolution about the
axis of the tube envelope and are displaced longitudinally there
along.
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99 | . PARALLEL WIRE TYPE: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining network
comprises at least two elongated conductors so oriented that their longitudinal
axis are parallel, are displaced relative to each other
and lie in a common plane.
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100 | .. Push-pull type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter wherein the parallel wire resonator oscillator
includes two or more active elements connected in push-pull
relation.
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101 | . Coaxial or shielded line type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining network
comprises at least two elongated conductors, one of the
conductors being enclosed by and electrically shielded by the other
conductor, the conductors being so arranged that their
longitudinal axes are parallel or coincident (i.e., coaxial
line).
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102 | .. Push-pull type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the coaxial or shielded line type
resonator oscillator includes two or more active elements connected
in push-pull relation.
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103 | TUBE STRUCTURE FORMS INDUCTIVE PART OF RESONANT CIRCUIT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein some structure or structures of the
active element, such as the space discharge electrodes
or the internal leads associated therewith, have an appreciable inductive
reactance which reactance is effectively included as part of the
frequency determining network of the oscillator.
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104 | TRANSIT TIME OSCILLATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator comprises an electron
tube, having input and output electrodes, and
a frequency determining network effectively coupled between the
output and input electrodes and wherein the electrode spacing or
the electrode biasing potentials, or both, are
so chosen that the time of flight or transit angle of the electrons between
the electrodes is an appreciable part of a cycle of the generated
oscillations, the arrangement being such that energy is
continuously supplied to the frequency determining network in proper
phase to sustain oscillations.
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105 | WITH PARASITIC OSCILLATION CONTROL OR PREVENTION MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator, when in
operation, generates or tends to generate undesired spurious
oscillations and wherein means are provided in the oscillator circuit
to suppress, control or prevent the generation of such
undesired oscillations.
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106 | WITH PERIODOIC OR REPETITIOUS AMPLITUDE VARYING MEANS (E.G., TREMOLO): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator is provided with means
to cyclically or repetitively vary the amplitude of the generated means
are provided to simultaneously vary the amplitude and frequency
of the generated wave cyclically or repetitively.
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107R | SOLID STATE ACTIVE ELEMENT OSCILLATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators wherein the oscillator comprises at least two
components (1) a two-terminal or four-terminal
active element of electrically conductive, semi-conductive, ferromagnetic
or ferroelectric material in the solid state, and (2) a
frequency determining network. Usually the two-terminal
active element constitutes a negative resistance so connected to
the frequency determining network that the resulting oscillator
is a two-terminal negative resistance oscillator, whereas
the four-terminal active element is so connected to the
frequency determining network that the resulting oscillator is of
the feedback type.
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108R | . Transistors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Oscillators in which the active element consists of a device
of electronic conducting, semi-conductive material
utilizing the current amplification properties of the material, which
device has three or more electrodes.
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109 | .. Amplitude stabilization and control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein means are provided for adjusting, controlling
or regulating the amplitude of the generated oscillations.
The oscillation amplitude control means may be manually set or varied
or may be controlled automatically responsive to changes in some
condition, such as the amplitude of the generated oscillations.
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110 | .. Bridge type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining element
of the oscillator consists of a feedback network of the balanced
lattice or similar type having two pairs of conjugately related
terminals, one pair of terminals being connected to the
output circuit and the other pair of terminals being connected to
the input circuit of the transistor, the arrangement being such
that regeneration (oscillation) occurs only at
the desired frequency, energy at all other frequencies
being attenuated because of degeneration.
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111 | .. Relaxation oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Oscillators for generating nonsinusoidol waves which are
cyclic in nature and wherein each cycle consists of a period determined
by the charging time of a capacitor or inductor of the oscillator
followed by a period determined by the discharge time of the capacitor
or inductor through a resistive element of the oscillator.
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112 | ... Blocking oscillator type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Oscillators comprising at least one active element of the
transistor type, a closely-coupled transformer
coupling the output circuit of the transistor to the input circuit
in positive feedback relation and a time constant network in the
input circuit of the transistor, the conduction and relaxation
periods of the oscillator being determined by the impedance parameters of
the transformer and time constant network.
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113R | ... Multivibrator type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Oscillators which comprise a symmetrical arrangement of
a two-stage resistance coupled transistor amplifier in
which the output of each stage supplies input to the other stage.
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113A | .... Saturable core controlled converters |
This subclass has no definition. | |
113S | .... Converter using silicon control rectifiers |
This subclass has no definition. | |
114 | .. Push-pull: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Oscillators wherein at least two transistors of the same
or opposite conductivity type are connected in a symmetrical balanced
circuit arrangement so that their respective input and output signals
are in phase opposition.
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115 | .. Negative resistance: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Oscillators in which the oscillator comprises a two terminal
negative resistance device comprising a transistor connected to
a tuned circuit.
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116R | .. Electromechanical resonator controlled: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining element
of the oscillator is of the electromechanical resonator type.
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116FE | ... Field-effect transistor active element |
This subclass has no definition. | |
116M | ... Electromechanical resonators other than piezoelectric crystals |
This subclass has no definition. | |
117R | .. L-C type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining element
of the oscillator is of lumped parameter LC type.
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117FE | ... Field-effect transistor active element |
This subclass has no definition. | |
117D | ... Distributed parameter resonator transistor oscillators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
108A | .. Use of complimentary-type transistors |
This subclass has no definition. | |
108B | .. Phase shift oscillator |
This subclass has no definition. | |
108C | .. Integrated circuit oscillators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
108D | .. Integrated modules with discrete elements oscillators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107DP | . Significant distributed parameter resonator (e.g., cavity) |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107P | .. Parallel-connected oscillator devices |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107SL | .. Stripline type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107C | .. Coaxial type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107A | . Acoustoelectric device oscillators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107G | . Gunn-type bulk effect device oscillators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107S | . Superconductive device oscillators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
107T | . Tunnel diode oscillators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
126 | GASEOUS SPACE DISCHARGE DEVICE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators wherein means consisting of a gaseous space
discharge device is utilized to control a source of energy for exciting
the frequency determining network of the oscillator.
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127 | . Spark or open arc type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter wherein the gaseous space discharge device
comprises at least two electrodes usually in an unconfined gas or
vapor medium, the discharge therebetween being of the nature of
a sudden disruptive breakdown of the medium (i.e., spark) as
distinguished from an arc, glow or brush discharges, which
discharges are of much longer duration.
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128 | . Drives shock excited L.C. circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter wherein the gaseous space discharge device
is utilized to impulse a resonant circuit of the lumped LC type, which
current is then permitted to oscillate freely at its natural frequency.
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129 | . Relaxation oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Oscillators for generating nonsinusoidal waves which are
cyclic in nature and wherein each cycle consists of a period determined
by the charging time of a capacitor or inductor of the oscillator
followed by a period determined by the discharging time of the capacitor
or inductor through a resistor element, the means for controlling
the charge or discharge of the capacitor or inductor being of the
gaseous space discharge type of the oscillator.
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130 | .. Plural gaseous devices: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Oscillators wherein the capacitor or inductor charge or
discharge means consists of more than a single gaseous space discharge
device.
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131 | .. Discharge device or rectifier in "C" or "L" charging or discharging circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Oscillators wherein an electron tube or other unilaterally conducting device is included in the charging circuit or path of the capacitor or inductor. | |
132 | NEGATIVE RESISTANCE OR NEGATIVE TRANSCONDUCTANCE OSCILLATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators wherein the oscillator comprises a two-terminal
negative resistance device connected to a tuned circuit, the
absolute magnitude of the negative resistance being less than the
resonant impedance of the tuned circuit.
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133 | . Secondary emission (e.g., dynatron): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Oscillators wherein the negative resistance device relies
on the phenomenon of secondary emission to produce the negative
resistance effect. Usually the negative resistance device is
of the dynatron type wherein the screen grid of a tetrode is biased
more positively than the anode thereof.
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134 | . Transitron type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Oscillators wherein the negative resistance device comprises a multigrid tube employing a retarding field to produce negative transconductance between two grids of the tube, which grids are usually coupled by a capacitor or a bias source. | |
135 | PHASE SHIFT TYPE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators systems comprising a feedback amplifier having
a predetermined phase shift between the input and output voltages thereof, the
feedback path including a passive phase shifting network for providing
a phase shift of such amount to cause the oscillator system to generate
sustained oscillations.
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136 | . Zero phase shift: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Oscillators wherein the amplifier and the passive phase shifting network each have a total phase shift of zero degrees. | |
137 | . With R.C. ladder-type phase shift network: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Oscillators wherein the amplifier and the passive phase shifting network each have a total phase shift other than zero or 360 degrees, and wherein the passive phase shifting network is of the ladder-type consisting only of resistive and capacitive components. Usually the amplifier and the passive phase shifting network each have a total phase shift of 180 degrees. | |
138 | BRIDGE TYPE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators wherein the frequency determining element of
the oscillator consists of a feedback network of the balanced lattice
or similar type having two pairs of conjugately related terminals, one
pair of terminals being connected to the output circuit and the
other pair of terminals being connected to the input circuit of
the active element of the oscillator, the arrangement being
such that regeneration occurs only at a desired frequency, energy
at all other frequencies being attenuated due to degeneration.
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139 | . Piezoelectric crystal in bridge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Oscillators wherein the feedback network includes a piezoelectric
crystal for determining the generated frequency of the oscillator.
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140 | . R.C. or R.L. type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Oscillators wherein the feedback network includes only capacitance
and resistance elements or inductance and resistance elements for
determining the generated frequency of the oscillator.
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141 | .. Wien bridge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Oscillators wherein the feedback network lattice comprises two pure resistance arms and two impedance arms, one impedance arm including a series-connected capacitor and resistor and the other impedance arm including a parallel-connected capacitor and resistor, positive feedback being obtained through the impedance arms and negative feedback through the pure resistance arms. These oscillators are generally known as Wien bridge type. | |
142 | .. Double T bridge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Oscillators wherein the feedback network comprises two T networks connected in parallel, one T network consisting of two resistors in series with a capacitor connected to the common connection of the resistor, the other T network consisting of two capacitors in series with a resistor connected to the common connection of the capacitors. | |
143 | RELAXATION OSCILLATORS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators for generating nonsinusoidal waves which are
cyclic in nature and wherein each cycle consists of a period determined
by the charging time of a capacitor or inductor followed by a period
determined by the discharging time of the capacitor or inductor
through a resistive element.
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144 | . Multivibrators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter, wherein the relaxation oscillator
comprises at least two discharge paths of the active element type, the
output of each being coupled to the input of the other, at
least one of the couplings including a resistance-capacitance
or resistance-inductance network, the arrangement
being such that the two discharge paths are caused to be actuated
cyclically, the time constant of the network determining
the fundamental frequency of the oscillator.
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145 | .. With sync, triggering or pulsing circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Subject matter wherein the multivibrator includes an additional
network for coupling to the oscillator a source, usually
periodic of synchronizing or triggering potential to drive or lock
the period of the freely running multivibrator to the period of
the source or to some multiple or submultiple thereof.
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146 | . Blocking oscillators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter wherein the relaxation oscillator comprises
at least one active element, a closely-coupled
transformer coupling the output circuit of the active element to
the input circuit in positive feedback relation and a time constant
network in the input circuit of the active element, the
conduction and relaxation periods of the oscillator being determined
by the impedance parameters of the transformer and time constant
network.
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147 | .. Using discharge device with plural grids: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the active element of the oscillator
comprises a plural grid tube.
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148 | .. With 3 or more winding feedback transformers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the closely coupled transformer includes three or more windings effectively connected in the oscillator circuit. | |
149 | .. With sync, trigger, or pulsing circuit (e.g., self-pulsing): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the blocking oscillator includes
an additional network for coupling to the oscillator a periodic
source of synchronizing or triggering potential to drive or lock
the period of the freely-running oscillator to the period
of the source or to some multiple or submultiple thereof.
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150 | . Output supplied to another discharge device circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter wherein the relaxation oscillator output
circuit is connected to another discharge device circuit.
By way of example the other discharge device circuit may include
a capacitor, the charging or discharging of the capacitor generating
a repetitive time base in accordance with the pulsations of the
relaxation oscillator.
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151 | . Involving resonant or inductive wave forming circuit or transformer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter wherein the relaxation oscillator includes
a resonant circuit or a transformer.
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152 | . Multi-grid discharge device in charged capacitor circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter wherein the relaxation oscillator includes
a multi-grid discharge device in the capacitor circuit
for controlling the charge on the capacitor of the time constant
network of the oscillator.
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153 | . With sync, trigger or pulsing circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter wherein the relaxation oscillator includes
an additional network for coupling to the oscillator a source, usually
periodic, of synchronizing triggering or pulsing potential
to drive or lock the period of the freely-running oscillator
to the period of the source or to some multiple or submultiple thereof.
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154 | ELECTROMECHANICAL RESONATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators wherein the frequency of the oscillator is determined
by the mechanical period of vibration or oscillation of an electrically
driven material body, the material body constituting a
mechanical resonator.
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155 | . With optical, piezoelectric or acoustic coupling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Subject matter wherein the mechanical resonator is coupled
to the oscillator system by: (1) an electrooptical
transducer, (2) a piezoelectric transducer, or (3) an
electroacoustic transducer.
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156 | . Vibrating reed or string type (e.g., tuning fork): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Oscillators wherein the resonator consists of an elongated
member which vibrates transversely to its longitudinal dimension
relative to a fixed point or points of support.
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157 | . Magnetostrictive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Oscillators wherein the resonator consists of a member of
ferromagnetic composition having magnetostrictive properties and
whose period of vibration or oscillation is due to the changes in
dimensions produced by the effect of an impressed alternating magnetic
field.
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158 | . Crystal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Subject matter wherein the frequency determining electrically
driven material body is a crystal exhibiting the piezoelectric effect. Examples
of such crystals are quartz, Rochelle salt, tourmaline
or other crystal classes which do not possess a center of symmetry
and wherein deformation of the crystal is proportional to the first
power of the imposed electric field, the direction of deformation
referring upon reversal of the field.
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159 | .. Plural tube: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter wherein the oscillator includes at least
two active elements as necessary elements of the oscillator circuit.
By way of example, crystal oscillators with push-pull
connected tubes are in this subclass.
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160 | .. With means to limit crystal current or voltage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter wherein impedance means or automatic switching
means are associated with the crystal to divert excessive currents
away from the crystal or for sensing excessive currents through
the crystal, or overvoltage across the crystal, to
effectively by pass or disable the crystal circuit or to disconnect
the crystal from the oscillator circuit.
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161 | .. With crystal substitution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter wherein means are provided for effectively
removing the crystal from the oscillator circuit and for effectively
substituting another crystal therefor. Usually, but
not necessarily, the crystals are selectively connected and
disconnected from the oscillator circuit by an electrical circuit
maker and breaker.
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162 | .. Plural crystals in circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter wherein two or more separate crystals are
effectively connected in circuit with the active element of the
oscillator.
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163 | .. Crystal having three or more electrodes in circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter wherein the crystal has three or more electrodes
for establishing two or more separate resonant paths through the
crystal.
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164 | .. Anode or cathode to grid crystal circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter wherein the crystal is effectively coupled
between the anode or output electrode and the grid or control electrode
of the active element of the oscillator.
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165 | SHOCK EXCITED RESONANT CIRCUIT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems wherein means is provided for applying an electrical
impulse to a resonant circuit which circuit is then permitted to
oscillate freely at its natural frequency.
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166 | . With keying means of the active element type (e.g., burst generator): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Shock excited resonant circuits wherein a space discharge
device having a control electrode is utilized as a switching means
to control the electrical energy supplied to the resonant circuit.
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167 | L-C TYPE OSCILLATORS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators of the active element type wherein the frequency
of oscillation is determined by an inductance-capacitance
circuit of the lumped element type and which oscillators are not
provided for in any of the preceding subclasses.
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168 | . Plural tubes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein the oscillator system includes two
or more active elements.
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169 | . Anode to cathode coupled or connected resonant circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein the inductance-capacitance circuit is effectively coupled or connected between the output electrode (anode) and the common electrode (cathode) of the active element. | |
170 | . Anode to grid coupled or connected resonant circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein the inductance-capacitance
circuit is effectively coupled or connected between the output electrode (anode) and
the input electrode (grid) of the active element.
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171 | . Grid to cathode coupled or connected resonant circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein the inductance-capacitance
circuit is effectively coupled or connected between the control
electrode (grid) and the common electrode (cathode) of
the active element.
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172 | WITH SYNCHRONIZING, TRIGGERING OR PULSING CIRCUITS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators wherein (1) means are provided
for maintaining a predetermined phase or frequency relationship
between two sources of waves, one source being an excitation
or standard source (snyc source) and the other
source being the controlled oscillator, or (2) means
are provided to initiate or stop oscillation of the oscillator.
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173 | . Triggering or pulsing (e.g., burst generators): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Oscillators wherein means are provided to initiate or stop oscillation of the oscillator. | |
174 | .. Self-quenched: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Oscillators wherein means are provided to stop or quench the generation of oscillations by the oscillator by internal action of the oscillator. | |
175 | FREQUENCY STABILIZATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are provided in the oscillator
circuit to prevent or compensate for undesirable drift or change
in oscillator frequency caused by changes in oscillator frequency
such as by changes in (1) space discharge device
characteristics, (2) circuit parameters, or (3) supply
or bias voltages, or any combination of (1), (2) or (3).
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176 | . Temperature or current responsive means in circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 175. Subject matter wherein the oscillator circuit or structure
is modified by the addition of a current or temperature responsive
element thereto to compensate for the undesirable drift in oscillator
frequency caused by the effect of current flow on the circuit parameters
or that due to temperature changes (internal or ambient).
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177R | WITH FREQUENCY ADJUSTING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Oscillators having means for setting or controlling the
frequency of the generated wave oscillator by varying a frequency
determining element or elements of the oscillator.
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178 | . Cyclic frequency sweeping means (e.g., vibrato): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Oscillators wherein means is provided for periodically or
continuously varying the output frequency of the oscillator over
a range of frequencies. The means, for example, may
be (1) another oscillator driving a reactance
tube in the frequency determining circuit of the oscillator whose
frequency is being swept, or (2) a continuously
running motor driving a reactance element in the frequency determining circuit
of the oscillator whose frequency is being swept.
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179 | . Step-frequency change (e.g., band selection, frequency-shift keying): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Oscillators having means for setting or adjusting the output
frequency by discrete increments or steps as distinguished from
a continuous variation of frequency from one frequency to another
desired frequency setting.
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180 | . Reactance tube type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Oscillators, in which the varied frequency determining
element consists of an active element type reactance tube and wherein
an adjustable bias control is provided for varying the effective
reactance of the tube.
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181 | . Variable inductance device (e.g., saturable core or adjustable vane inductor): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Oscillators in which the variable frequency controlling
element consists of an inductance device provided with means to
vary the effective inductance of the device. By way of examples, the
inductance device may have a core of variable permeability, means
being provided to vary the permeability of the core and hence the
inductance of the device, or the device may comprise a
metallic member of magnetic or nonmagnetic material movable within
the magnetic field of an inductance coil to vary the inductance
thereof.
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177V | . With voltage sensitive capacitor |
This subclass has no definition. | |
182 | AMPLITUDE CONTROL OR STABILIZATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are provided in the oscillator
circuit for adjusting, controlling or regulating the amplitude
of the generated oscillations and not provided for in any preceding
subclass. The oscillation amplitude control means may
be manually set or varied or may be controlled automatically responsive
to changes in some condition, such as the amplitude of
the generated oscillations.
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183 | . Automatic: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Subject matter wherein means are provided for automatically
controlling the amplitude of the generated oscillations in response
to a change in some condition.
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184 | HAVING DISCHARGED DEVICE OR PARTICULAR CONSTRUCTION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the active element of the oscillator
comprises a discharge device of unconventional and unique construction
not provided in any preceding subclass.
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185 | WITH PARTICULAR SOURCE OF POWER OR BIAS VOLTAGE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the oscillator includes a source
of electrical energy for supplying power to the oscillator or for
supplying biasing potential to the electrodes of the active element
of the oscillator.
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186 | . Regulated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein means are provided for automatically
controlling the amplitude of the current or voltage of the source
of electrical energy in response to some condition.
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187 | MISCELLANEOUS OSCILLATOR STRUCTURES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to oscillator structures not provided
for in any preceding subclass.
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FOR000 | CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG2 | PHASE LOCKED LOOP HAVING LOCK INDICATING OR DETECTING MEANS |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG3 | LOGIC GATE ACTIVE ELEMENT OSCILLATOR |
This subclass has no definition. | |