CLASS 250, RADIANT ENERGY |
250 | RADIO AND MICROWAVE ABSORPTION WAVEMETERS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes sensing means responsive to electromagnetic radiation including a variable electrical member or variable radiation control member having a pointer and an associated scale calibrated in frequency or wavelength units and indicating means responsive to the sensing means to note the maximum energy detected by the sensing means whereby the scale and pointer indicate the wavelength or frequency of the radiation detected. | |
251 | ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAM DEVICES AND METHODS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means for producing or utilizing
a unidirectional stream of molecules or atoms having no net electrical charge,
usually through a vacuum with thermal velocity and methods using
such means. Such devices and methods may include magnetic field
means to deflect, divert or select a portion of the beam of a desired
energy level and may also provide means for subjecting the selected portion
of the beam to a microwave electromagnetic field to excite the molecules
or atoms of the beam at a resonant frequency, causing a transition
of the energy state of the molecules or atoms from one energy-level
to another.
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252.1 | CALIBRATION OR STANDARDIZATION METHODS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes methods to establish a reference
indication of invisible radiation or invisible radiation level,
or methods of error determination or correction using a reference
indication or radiation level.
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253 | GEOLOGICAL TESTING OR IRRADIATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter s which includes means in combination with
material within or on the surface of the earth to, (1) expose the
material to radiation, (2) to detect radiation emanating naturally
from the material or (3) to detect radiation modified or caused
by the material interacting with radiation produced by the means
to expose the material to radiation, and methods therefor.
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254 | . With drill or drilling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter which includes apparatus to bore a well and
includes methods corresponding to the apparatus.
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255 | . With sampling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter which additionally includes means to remove
a portion of the material from the earth whereby the portion is
subjected to (1) the means to detect natural radiation or (2) radiation
modified or caused by the portion when irradiated by means to expose
or (3) some other test.
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256 | . Well testing apparatus and methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein the means to detect radiation emanating
naturally from or modified or caused by the material interacting
with radiation senses the material in or about a well and includes
means to support for movement the means to detect natural radiation
or radiation modified or caused by the interaction of the material
with exposing radiation and includes methods corresponding to the
apparatus.
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257 | .. With casing collar detection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter which additionally includes apparatus which
includes a detector to sense the location of a pipe collar in a
cased well and methods corresponding to the apparatus.
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258 | .. By interface of fluids: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter which includes means to cause two fluids
to meet in a well to force one of the fluids into the earth, said
one fluid being material or including material which emanates radiation,
modified radiation, or causes radiation by interacting with radiation
from the means to expose the material to radiation, wherein the means
to detect radiation senses the said one fluid at the meeting point
of the fluids, and methods corresponding to the apparatus.
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259 | .. With placement of tracer in or about well: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter which includes means to add the material
into the well or the earth about the well whereby the means to detect
senses the radiation emitted naturally from the material, or radiation
caused by or modified by the material interacting with the radiation
produced by the means to expose the materials to radiation.
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260 | ... Tracer being or including radioactive material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Subject matter wherein the added material is radioactive
or contains radioactive material entrained in a substance added
to the well.
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261 | .. With detector or detector circuit control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter wherein the means to detect radiation emanating
naturally or radiation modified or caused by the material interacting
with the radiation includes a detector and may include an electrical
circuit responsive to the detector and apparatus to control or compensate
for some physical or electrical condition of the radiation detector
circuit or detector and circuit and includes methods corresponding
to the apparatus.
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262 | .. With particular detector signal circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter wherein the means to detect radiation emitted naturally or radiation modified or caused by material interacting with radiation includes a radiation detector and a detailed electrical circuit connected between the detector and an indicator or recorder of the radiation sensed by the detector and includes methods corresponding to the apparatus. | |
263 | ... With detector signal modulation or carrier wave: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Subject matter wherein the electrical circuit includes means to modulate an electrical wave with signals emitted by the detector upon detecting radiation and includes methods corresponding to the apparatus. | |
264 | ... Having plural detectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Subject matter wherein there are plural detectors and the
individual detectors may be connected to the same electrical circuit
or to separate electrical circuits and includes methods corresponding
to the apparatus.
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267 | .. With radiation control to detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter wherein the means to detect radiation emanating
naturally or radiation modified or caused by the material interacting
with the radiation includes a detector and includes radiation modifying
means to control the radiation incident upon the detector and methods corresponding
to the apparatus.
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268 | .. With well-engaging means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter which includes means to touch the wall of
the well, the means to support for movement suspending the means
to touch the well and the means to detect radiation as a common
unit within the well and methods corresponding to the apparatus.
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269.1 | .. With source and detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter in which means to expose the material to radiation in or about the well is also supported by the means to support for movement the means to detect radiation, and includes methods corresponding to the apparatus. | |
269.2 | ... With plural types of detectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 269.1. Subject matter wherein the means to detect radiation includes more than one different type of detector (e.g., a gamma detector and a neutron detector). | |
269.3 | ... Having gamma source and gamma detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 269.1. Subject matter wherein the means to expose the material
to radiation includes a gamma ray source and the means to detect
radiation modified or caused by the material includes a gamma ray
detector and includes methods corresponding to the apparatus.
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269.4 | ... Having neutron source and neutron detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 269.1. Subject matter wherein the means to expose the material
to radiation includes a neutron radiation source, and the means
to detect radiation modified or caused by the material includes
a neutron radiation detector, and includes methods corresponding
to the apparatus.
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269.5 | .... Having thermal neutron detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 269.4. Subject matter wherein the neutron radiation detector detects neutrons with thermal energy levels (in contrast to detecting neutrons with fast or epithermal energy levels). | |
269.6 | ... Having neutron source and gamma detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 269.1. Subject matter wherein the means to expose the material
to radiation includes a neutron radiation source, and the means
to detect radiation modified or caused by the material includes
a gamma ray detector, and includes methods corresponding to the
apparatus.
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269.7 | .... With plural gamma detectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 269.6. Subject matter wherein the means to detect radiation includes
two or more gamma ray detectors.
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269.8 | .... With detection in plural consecutive time intervals: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 269.6. Subject matter wherein the detection method includes detecting gamma rays in two or more time intervals which occur after the beginning of a neutron pulse or burst from the neutron radiation source, but before the beginning of a subsequent neutron pulse or burst. | |
265 | .. Plural detectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter wherein the means to detect radiation emitted
naturally or radiation modified or caused by material interacting
with radiation includes plural radiation detectors and methods corresponding
to the apparatus.
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266 | ... With spacing or direction of detectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Subject matter which may include the means to expose the material to radiation which includes at least a radiation source and wherein there are details concerning the location or spacing of the detectors with respect to the source or to one another or the direction the radiation is permitted to be incident upon the detectors and includes methods corresponding to the apparatus. | |
271 | CODED RECORD AND READERS; INVISIBLE RADIANT ENERGY TYPE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising data bearing means containing
information in symbolic form and detection means to sense invisible radiation
from or modified by the form to produce an electric signal corresponding
to the form, and methods of using such means.
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281 | IONIC SEPARATION OR ANALYSIS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising (1) means to select an ion of
one charge-to-mass ratio from one or more ions of a different charge-to-mass ratio
and (2) means to either detect the selected ions or accumulate them,
or methods for performing the functions of the means (1) and (2).
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282 | . Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter comprising processes including the steps of selecting ions of one mass-to-charge ratio from ions of different mass-to-charge ratios and detecting or accumulating the selected ions. | |
283 | .. With collection of ions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Methods which include the step of collecting one or more groups of ions having the same electrical charge-to-mass ratio. | |
284 | ... For material recovery: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter wherein the collection of ions is for the express purpose of recovery of the ionized material. | |
285 | . With plural, simultaneous ion generators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter having two or more means to produce ions acting at the same time to supply ions to the selecting means. | |
286 | . Ion beam pulsing means with detector synchronizing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter having means to intermittently produce or
interrupt a flow of ions into the selecting means and means controlling
the detector to vary its response in some manner in timed relation
to the beam producing or interrupting means.
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287 | .. With time-of-flight indicator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Subject matter having detector means or means responsive
to the detector that exhibits a representation of the time it takes
a selected ion to travel a given distance.
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288 | . With sample supply means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter having handling means for the material to be ionized for the selecting means. | |
289 | . With evacuation or sealing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter having means producing a subatmospheric pressure environment for the selecting means or means to maintain the pressure of the environment of the selecting means sub atmospheric. | |
290 | . Cyclically varying ion selecting field means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter wherein the ion selecting means comprises
means for varying at regular intervals the direction or magnitude
of an electric or magnetic field.
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291 | .. Circular ion path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Subject wherein the field means produces a desired ion path
of motion containing a unidirectional curvature of greater than
180 degrees.
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292 | .. Laterally resonant ion path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter wherein the selecting means comprises field means causing alternating deflection of the ions normal to their general forward motion. | |
293 | .. Alternating field ion selecting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Subject matter wherein the ion selecting means includes
a polarized field whose direction of polarization changes cyclically.
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294 | . Static field-type ion path-bending selecting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter wherein the selecting means comprises a normally
nonvarying electric or magnetic field.
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295 | .. With variable beam shifting field means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter having, in addition to the ion selecting field means, variable field means to change the path of a stream of ions. | |
296 | .. Plural diverse-type static path-bending fields: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter including in addition to a first type static
field ion selecting means, another static field of a different type
ion path bending means which may be for the purpose of selecting
ions of one charge-to-mass ration from ions of another charge-to-mass
ratio or for some other purpose such as accelerating or focusing the
ions.
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297 | ... For causing complex ion path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter wherein diverse field means act simultaneously
and within a single evacuated container to deflect the ions more
than 180 degrees or to cause paths which are not confined to one
plane.
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298 | .. Magnetic field path-bending means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter wherein the ion selecting means is a magnetic field. | |
299 | ... With detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 298. Subject matter including signalling means responsive to
the selected ions.
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300 | .... With detector control or regulating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Subject matter including means to change the response of the ion responsive means or to keep it constant. | |
301 | METHODS OF DETERMINING OIL PRESENCE, CONTAMINATION OR CONCENTRATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes methods of examining materials
for the presence or absence of oil, the amount of oil present in
the material, the contamination of oil or the contamination of material
by oil by subjecting the material to a radiation test.
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302 | RADIATION TRACER METHODS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes methods of applying a material
onto a surface, into a substance, into a closed or open pipe, or
into a fluid, static or moving, and detecting the radiation emitted
naturally or as secondary radiation as a result of irradiation of
the material or a modification of radiation caused by the material
for any purpose not provided for else where.
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303 | . Radioactive tracer methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Subject matter wherein the material is or includes a radioactive
substance.
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304 | METHODS INCLUDING SEPARATION OR NONRADIANT TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIALS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes methods of preparing a material
or separating one material from other materials for an invisible
radiation test or controlling a material while being tested by invisible
radiation and subjecting the material so prepared, separated or
controlled to a radiation test.
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305 | ELECTRON ENERGY ANALYSIS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having means for or method of separating
electrons according to their respective energies (including velocity and
momentum) and detecting the separated electrons.
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306 | INSPECTION OF SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS BY CHARGED PARTICLES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the apparatus comprises a source
of or means which impels charged particles toward a nongaseous object or
material to be studied and both means to support, position
or accommodate the object or material relative to the source or
a detector, and means to detect such particles that pass
near to or through the object or material, or are reflected
from or diffracted by said object or material, or secondary
radiation emitted from the object or material.
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307 | . Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter which includes processes for inspecting an object or material with charged particles. | |
308 | . Including a radioactive source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the source of charged particles comprises
a radioactive material.
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309 | . Positive ion probe or microscope type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the charged particles are positively charged. | |
310 | . Electron probe type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter having means to project a concentrated beam of electrons against the object or material, and means to detect secondary radiation emitted from the object or material, or electrons deflected by the object or material. | |
311 | . Electron microscope type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein electrons are impelled toward the
object or material and the particles detected are electrons which
have passed near or through the object or material without substantial
deflection.
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440.11 | . Analyte supports: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter comprising structure for positioning or holding against gravity a material to be examined by particle irradiation. | |
441.11 | .. With air lock or evacuation means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 440.1. Subject matter within a sellable space having an entrance opening with separately operable internal and external doors, or having means to lower the pressure within the space. | |
442.11 | .. With object moving or positioning means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 440.1. Subject matter having means to change the location or position of material or an article to be examined or treated. | |
443.1 | .. With heat transfer or temperature-indication means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 440.1. Subject matter wherein means are provided for conducting heat to or away from the object, or means for displaying information about the temperature of the object. | |
315.3 | SOURCE WITH CHARGED PLATE-TYPE DETECTOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes a charged member and a source
of invisible radiation to irradiate the charged member, or the step
of irradiating the charged member, to alter the charge on the member
in response to the radiation.
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316.1 | With infrared or thermal pattern recording: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having a surface responsive to an infrared
or heat pattern and a recording means which may be the responsive
surface or a separate means responsive to the surface whose response
outlasts its exposure to the pattern.
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317.1 | . Thermal copying of documents: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 316.1. Subject matter which includes additionally a source of infrared
radiation and a sheet type document having visual information thereon which
information selectively absorbs the radiation from the source to
form a thermal image of the information thereon, the responsive
surface being responsive to the thermal image to cause the recording
means, a copy sheet, to form a latent or visual duplicate of the
information.
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318 | .. With image transfer device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Subject matter having (1) a transfer member which receives
the thermal image by heat conduction from the document and the member passes
the said heat image on to the recording means which is a copy sheet
or (2) a transfer member having material which is transferred to the
copy sheet as a result of a thermal image received by the member
from the document or (3) a transfer member which receives a thermal image
from the copy sheet and as a result thereof transfers material from
the member to the copy sheet to form a latent or visible image of
the copy sheets.
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319 | .. With conveying means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Subject matter which includes a conveying device to move
the document, the copy sheet or the document and the copy sheet
past the infrared source or the infrared source past the document
and copy sheet.
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324 | CORONA IRRADIATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are provided for impacting
an object with gas ions resulting from an incomplete electrical
discharge from an electrode.
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325 | . Charging of moving object: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Subject matter wherein electrons or ions from the corona
are deposited on an object resulting in a residual charge on the
object and including means for or the step of moving the object
during irradiation.
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326 | . Charging of objects: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Subject matter wherein electrons or ions from the corona
are deposited on an object resulting in a residual charge on the
object.
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580 | SOURCE WITH RECORDING DETECTOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising (1) a source
of invisible radiation of the class type and (2) a means (i.e., recording
detector) sensitive to the radiation from the source, or
secondary radiation generated by the source, whose response (visible
or latent; i.e., invisible) is
effectively permanent (or "semi-permanent" in
the sense that it can be reversed and the device re-used for
subsequent recordings), and, where an image
of an object is desired, (3) the object
in the radiation path from the source to the detector.
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581 | . Using a stimulable phosphor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter in which the radiation sensitive means is
a stimulable phosphor.
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582 | .. With image recording: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 581. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to recording the desired image of the object upon the radiation
sensitive means.
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583 | ... For specialized application: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 582. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to recording the desired image of the object upon the radiation
sensitive means in specialized applications such as tomography, mammography, autoradiography, or
electron microscopes.
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584 | .. With image read-out: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 581. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to making a latent recorded image of the object visible.
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585 | ... Including stimulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to the stimulation of the radiation sensitive material.
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586 | ... Including emission detection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to the detection of the stimulated emission from the radiation sensitive
material.
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587 | .... With adjustment of conditions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 586. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly to the detection of the stimulated emission from the radiation sensitive material and the detection is used to adjust the read-out conditions. | |
588 | .. With erasure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 581. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to the reversal of the response of the radiation responsive material
to enable its re-use for subsequent image recordings.
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589 | .. With conveyance: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 581. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to means for transporting the radiation sensitive means.
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590 | ... With a recirculation path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 589. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to means for transporting the radiation sensitive means, and
the path of transport recirculates the radiation sensitive means.
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591 | . Including a light beam read-out: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter including means which are directed particularly
to reading out a latent recorded desired image of the object using
a light beam.
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328 | AUTOMATIC/SERIAL DETECTION OF SIMILAR SOURCES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes plural, identical radioactive
sources or sample holders, a detecting station, means to position
successively, one at a time, one of the sources or holders at the
detecting station and means to detect the radioactive emissions
from the source or holder at the detecting station.
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329 | RECORD PROJECTORS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes a source of radiation, a screen
and a record having a pattern or a support for a record wherein
the radiation forms a radiation image of the pattern and (1) a light
image of the radiation image is formed on the screen or (2) a light
reversal image is formed on the screen, when illuminated and methods
of using such means.
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330 | INFRARED-TO-VISIBLE IMAGING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to convert an infrared radiation
field into a visible light display of the relative intensity over
the field.
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331 | . Including liquid crystal detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Subject matter wherein the infrared conversion means comprises a liquid crystalline material in layer form having an optical property that is changed in the infrared image areas. | |
332 | . Including detector array: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Subject matter wherein the infrared conversion means comprises
a plurality of independently responsive infrared detectors in mosaic
form each of which detects infrared radiation in a different portion
of the infrared image.
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333 | . Including image tube-type detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Subject matter wherein the infrared conversion means comprises
an evacuated envelope having an infrared responsive input screen
with (1) an output screen for visualizing an intensified image or
(2) means for converting the infrared image to electrical signals
to control a display device.
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334 | . Including means for scanning field of view: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Subject matter wherein the infrared conversion means includes (1) means for moving the detector in faster fashion across the field of view or (2) optical means moving in faster fashion across the field of view for reflecting infrared radiation to a stationary detector. | |
335 | CLOUD OR BUBBLE CHAMBERS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including vessels transparent in whole or in part to permit visual observation of the interior and means establishing a supersaturated condition in a gas or liquid confined in the vessel to cause visible vapor or bubbles to form in response to an ionizing event or the passage of a particle therethrough. | |
336.1 | INVISIBLE RADIANT ENERGY RESPONSIVE ELECTRIC SIGNALLING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which when subjected in whole or in part
to invisible radiant energy produces between some two electrically
accessible points an increase or decrease in electric potential
difference or current flow.
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336.2 | . Superconducting type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter including material having a substantial decrease
in electric resistance near absolute zero.
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337 | . With heating of luminophors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter having means or steps for thermally exciting
to luminescence a material that is or has been exposed to invisible
radiation in combination with means responsive to the luminescence
to produce an electric signal.
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338.1 | . Infrared responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter wherein the signalling means is responsive
to electromagnetic radiation having a wave-length in the range of
750 nanometers to 1 millimeter, i.e., infrared.
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338.2 | .. Ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, photomagnetic types: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter including a material in which (a) the direction
of polarization can be reversed by an electric or magnetic field
or (b) in which the magnetic permeability can be changed by infrared
radiation.
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338.3 | .. Pyroelectric type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter including a material wherein a change in
the intensity of absorbed incident radiation produces an electric
signal.
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338.4 | .. Semiconducting type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter including material having a resistivity intermediate
that of metals and insulators.
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338.5 | .. With means to analyze uncontained fluent material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having means to detect infrared radiation
emanating from the material.
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339.01 | .. With selection of plural discrete wavelengths or bands: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having means to isolate from an infrared
beam two or more of its components having different wavelengths
or ranges of wavelengths and to direct the components simultaneously
or at different times to the responsive means and methods involving
the use of such means.
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339.02 | ... Including detector array: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.01. Subject matter wherein infrared detection means comprise
a plurality of independently responsive infrared detectors.
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339.03 | ... Including temperature control means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.01. Subject matter containing means to adjust or maintain the
temperature of a signalling means, of a component thereof, or of
a sample under analysis.
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339.04 | ... Including temperature determining means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.01. Subject matter containing means to measure the temperature of a sample under analysis. | |
339.05 | ... With additional noninfrared wavelengths: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.01. Subject matter wherein the signalling means utilize or sense electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths outside the infrared region of the spectrum in addition to the plural wavelengths or bands within the infrared region. | |
339.06 | ... With radiation source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.01. Subject matter which includes irradiation of a sample by
infrared radiation and detection of the emitted radiation from the sample
or the radiation after transmission or reflection from the sample.
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339.07 | .... Including spectrometer or spectrophotometer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.06. Subject matter wherein a spectrometer or a spectrophotometer
is used to detect infrared radiation that has interacted with a
sample.
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339.08 | ..... Including Fourier transform infrared spectrometry: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.07. Subject matter wherein the detection process includes performing
a Fourier transform on the detected signal.
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339.09 | .... With calibration steps in measurement process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.06. Subject matter wherein the process of quantifying a property
or attribute of a sample includes establishing a reference level
or scale.
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339.1 | .... Determining moisture content: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.06. Subject matter wherein means are particularly adapted to
determine the presence or quantity of water in a sample.
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339.11 | .... Measuring infrared radiation reflected from sample: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.06. Subject matter wherein detection means are positioned to
receive infrared radiation which has been reflected by a sample.
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339.12 | .... Using sample absorption for chemical composition analysis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.06. Subject matter wherein chemical constituents or properties of a sample are determined by detecting and analyzing infrared radiation that has interacted with the sample. | |
339.13 | ..... With gaseous sample: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.12. Subject matter wherein a sample is in a gaseous state.
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339.14 | ... Detecting infrared emissive objects: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.01. Subject matter which includes the detection of an infrared
radiant energy emitting object and indication of the presence, location, or
direction of the energy emitting object.
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339.15 | .... Sensing flame or explosion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.14. Subject matter wherein the detection means sense infrared
wavelengths emitted by the combustion of solids or gases.
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340 | .. Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter which includes methods of detecting infrared
radiation where not elsewhere provided.
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341.1 | ... With irradiation or heating of object or material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Subject matter comprising methods which include the irradiation of a material or an object by infrared radiation, or the heating of a material or an object to emit infrared radiation, and the detection of the radiation from the material or object. | |
341.2 | .... Including probe: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 341.1. Subject matter wherein an elongated element (e.g., an optical
fiber) is used to irradiate the material or object with infrared
radiation or to detect infrared radiation from the material or object.
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341.3 | .... Including polarizing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 341.1. Subject matter having means to polarize infrared radiation.
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341.4 | .... With semiconductor sample: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 341.1. Subject matter wherein the object irradiated or heated is a material having resistivity intermediate that of metals and insulators (i.e., a semiconductor). | |
341.5 | .... With calibration: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 341.1. Subject matter wherein the process includes establishing
a reference level or scale based on detected infrared radiation.
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341.6 | .... Heating of object or material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 341.1. Subject matter wherein the material or object is heated
causing the material or object to emit infrared radiation.
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341.7 | .... With multiple sources: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 341.1. Subject matter wherein the material or object is irradiated with infrared radiation from two or more distinct sources. | |
341.8 | .... Measuring infrared radiation reflected from sample: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 341.1. Subject matter wherein detection means are positioned to
receive infrared radiation which has been reflected by the material
or object.
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342 | ... Locating infrared emissive objects: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Subject matter which includes the detection of an infrared
radiant energy emitting object and the indication of the presence, location
or direction of the energy emitting object.
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343 | .. With means to transmission-test contained fluent material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having a source of infrared radiation in
addition to the signalling means and means to confine a gas, fluid
or fluid-like material between the source and the signalling means
so that the signalling means responds to radiation, from
the source, that passes through the material.
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344 | ... Plural series signalling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Subject matter having two or more signalling means spaced
along a single path of radiation from the source.
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345 | ... Plural beam/detector pairs: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Subject matter wherein the source of infrared radiation
forms two or more beams with at least one beam being transmitted
through the contained material, and two or more electric signalling
means, one responsive to radiation transmitted through
the contained material and at least one in the path of one of the
other beams.
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346 | .... Plural temperature sensitive signalling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Subject matter wherein the signalling means includes a means that absorbs the incident infrared radiation and converts it to heat combined with electrical means having some electrical parameter (capacitance, resistance, etc.), that varies in response to the heat. | |
347 | .. With movable beam deflector or focussing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having means to change the path of the infrared radiation from the source to the signalling means; or to cause the radiation to converge, the orientation or position of the means being changeable with respect to some part of the path or signalling means. | |
348 | ... Controlled by signalling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter having means responsive to the radiant energy responsive means to change or maintain constant the orientation of the deflector or focussing means. | |
349 | .. Plural signalling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having two or more infrared responsive electric signalling means. | |
350 | ... With periodic beam varying means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter having means to change at regular intervals some characteristic of the infrared radiation in the path of the radiation from the source to the signalling means. | |
351 | .. With periodic beam varying means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having means to change at regular intervals some characteristic of the infrared radiation in the path of the radiation from the source to the signalling means. | |
352 | .. With temperature modifying means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having means to conduct heat to or from at least some part of the infrared responsive electric signalling means. | |
353 | .. With beam deflector or focussing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338.1. Subject matter having means to change the path of the infrared radiation from its source to the signalling means or to cause the radiation to converge. | |
354.1 | . Signalling means controls incident radiation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter including means responsive to the electric
signalling means to vary or maintain constant some characteristic
of the invisible radiation impinging upon the signalling means.
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356.1 | . Flow metering: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter which includes a passageway containing moving
material or a substance controlled by the moving material, a
radiation source which may be the material itself, a detector
responsive to the radiation from the source after passage of the
radiation through the material or substance or the radiation from the
material, wherein the detection forms the basis for a rate
of flow determination and methods corresponding to the apparatus.
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356.2 | .. Using radioactive tracer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 356.1. Subject matter wherein the material is or includes a radioactive
substance.
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357.1 | . Fluent material level signalling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter which includes a body of fluent material, a
radiant energy source, and a detector responsive to the
source arranged so that the body of fluent material is located in
the radiation path between the source and detector or the body of
fluent material supports either the source or detector, wherein
the detector produces an output representative of the height or depth
of the body of fluent material and methods corresponding to the
apparatus.
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358.1 | . With means to inspect passive solid objects: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter having, in addition to an electric signalling
means, a source of invisible radiant energy and means to
support, position, or accommodate a material in
the solid state in the radiation path from the source to the signalling means, the
signalling means responding to radiation from the source passing
through the material.
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359.1 | .. Rectilinearly moving object: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 358.1. Subject matter wherein the object is radiated by a source while the object is continuously moving in a straight line. | |
360.1 | .. With relative movement means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 358.1. Subject matter having movement conveying means to move either the source, signalling means, object or object accommodating means with respect to the other means. | |
361R | . With or including a luminophor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter in which the means that produces the change
in electric potential difference or current flow is a photodetector responsive
to incident visible light emitted from a means which passively converts
the energy of incident invisible radiation into visible radiation.
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362 | .. Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Subject matter comprising processes including the signalling of incident invisible radiation by the electrical detection of light from an exposed luminophor. | |
363.01 | .. With radiant energy source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Subject matter in combination with means which irradiates
either the luminophor or the photodetector or both.
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363.02 | ... Body scanner or camera: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.01. Subject matter in combination with irradiating means to
form a visible image of the radiation within the body.
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363.03 | .... With positron source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.02. Subject matter in which the means which irradiates is a source of particles with a mass the same as that of the electron, but with a positive charge. | |
363.04 | .... Emission tomography: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.02. Subject matter in which the image-forming means
produces an image of a cross-section of the body from the
radiation emitted within the body.
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363.05 | ..... With detector support: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.04. Subject matter including structure to support or move the
photodetector.
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363.06 | .... Using coded aperture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.02. Subject matter including means to spatially modulate radiation
prior to its impinging upon the photodetector.
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363.07 | .... With distortion correction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.02. Subject matter in combination with means to process the
electric current produced by the photodetector to reduce distortion
in the visible image formed.
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363.08 | .... With detector support: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.02. Subject matter including structure to support or move the
photodetector irradiating means.
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363.09 | .... With calibration: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.02. Subject matter including means to establish a reference
indication of the invisible radiation or its level.
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363.1 | .... With a collimator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.02. Subject matter in combination with means to control the
shape, size, axial direction or focal length of
radiation reaching the luminophor.
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364 | ... With fluent source handling or collecting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.01. Subject matter in which the means that irradiates is either
a fluid or gas or particles suspended in either a fluid or gas medium
and means are provided to either conduct or hold the fluent source.
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365 | ... Ultraviolet light source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363.01. Subject matter wherein there is at least one source of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region which irradiates either the luminophor or the photo detector or both. | |
366 | .. Plural electric signalling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Subject matter in which there are two or more means each
of which produces an electric potential difference or a current
flow in response to incident radiation.
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367 | .. Plural or composite luminophor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Subject matter including two or more separate passive means
that convert incident invisible radiation into visible radiation
or including diverse passive means that convert incident invisible
radiation into visible radiation.
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368 | .. With optics: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Subject matter in combination with means affecting the transmission
of visible light between the liminophor and the light detector.
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369 | .. With output system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Subject matter in combination with electric circuit means which is energized or controlled by the electric current produced by the photodetector. | |
361C | .. Chemiluminescent detection |
This subclass has no definition. | |
370.01 | . Semiconductor system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter wherein the invisible radiant energy responsive
electric signal generating means, i.e., detection
means, is made of a material having a resistivity intermediate
that of metals and insulators, and means are provides for
using or controlling the electric signal or for modifying the invisible
radiant energy input signal.
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370.02 | .. Alpha particle detection system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system contains detection means
to generate the electric signal in response to helium nuclei impingent
thereupon.
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370.03 | .. Fission fragment/fissionable isotope detection system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system contains detection means
to generate an electric signal in response to a fission fragment
or fissionable isotope impingent thereupon.
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370.04 | .. Self-powered system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the detection means generates the
signal without any electrical power supply connected thereto.
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370.05 | .. Neutron detection system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system contains detection means
to generate an electric signal in response to a neutron impingent thereupon.
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370.06 | .. Discrimination-type system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system contains means to differentiate
between different types of invisible radiant energy impingent thereupon
or between different output signal characteristics.
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370.07 | .. Dose or dose rate measurement: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system includes means to determine
the amount of radiant energy incident on the detection means, including
with respect to time.
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370.08 | .. Imaging system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system contains means to form
an image of an object which is directly or indirectly illuminating
the radiant energy detection means.
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370.09 | ... X-ray or gamma-ray system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system includes an X-ray
or gamma ray source of radiant energy to be incident on the radiant
energy detection means.
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370.1 | .. Position sensitive detection system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the system contains means to produce
an electric signal which indicates the position of the radiant energy
on the detection means or the position of the source of the radiant
energy.
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370.11 | .. Scintillation system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter further including a luminophor which converts
energy incident thereupon (e.g., electrons, X-rays, etc.) into radiant
energy to which the detection means is responsive.
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370.12 | .. Of material other than germanium, diamond, or silicon: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the detection means is an uncommonly
used material.
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370.13 | ... Containing cadmium telluride: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.12. Subject matter wherein the detection means includes Cadmium
Telluride.
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370.14 | .. Particular detection structure (e.g., MOS, PIN): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.01. Subject matter wherein the detection means has a specified
semiconductor structural arrangement (e.g., a
light responsive field effect transistor, or P-I-N
diode, etc.).
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370.15 | .. Temperature control or compensation system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.02. Subject matter further including means to adjust or maintain
the temperature of the system or of a component thereof.
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371 | .. Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370.1. Subject matter including processes employing semiconductor detection means to produce an electrical signal. | |
372 | . Ultraviolet light responsive means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter wherein the radiation responsive means responds to ultraviolet light. | |
373 | .. With means to transmission-test contained fluent material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 372. Subject matter having a source of ultraviolet radiation in addition to the signalling means and means to confine a gas, fluid or fluid-like material between the source and the signalling means so that the signalling means responds to radiation from the source, that passes through the material. | |
374 | . Including a radiant energy responsive gas discharge device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter wherein the two electrically accessible points
are separated by an ionizable gas, which gas when subjected
to invisible radiation ionizes and conducts a current from one point
to the other, the current being the signal.
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375 | .. Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Subject matter which includes methods corresponding to the apparatus which utilize a radiant energy responsive gas discharge device. | |
376 | .. With electroscopic indicators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Subject including two electrostatically charged relatively
movable members, at least one of which is electrically
connected to at least one of the electrodes, the discharge
of which cause one of the members to be deflected with respect to
the other, thus producing a visible indication of ionizing
radiant energy.
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377 | ... With charge generator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Subject matter combined with means for converting mechanical
energy to electric energy and means electrically connecting said
converting means to the relatively movable members to transfer electric
charge thereto.
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378 | ... With charge storage means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Subject matter with a capacitor or polarizable dielectric
electrically connected to at least one of the relatively movable
members.
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379 | .. With means to supply the gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Subject matter combined with means to move or permit movement
of gas to, through, or away from the space between
the electrodes.
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380 | ... Radioactive gas, or with gas-borne radioactive material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter wherein the gas supplied to the electrodes emits, spontaneously, nuclear particulate or electromagnetic energy or has entrained in it other gases or fluent-like materials that emit spontaneously nuclear particulate or electromagnetic energy. | |
381 | ... With radioactive source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter in combination with means to ionize the gas between the electrodes comprising a material that emits, spontaneously nuclear particulate or electromagnetic energy. | |
382 | .. With means to ionize the gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Subject matter including a radioactive material or a source
of electromagnetic or particulate radiation which detaches electrons
from the molecules of the gas between the electrodes.
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383 | ... Emissive fluent type, or with transmissive fluent material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the means to ionize the gas is another
fluid-like material that emits invisible radiant energy, or
wherein the means to ionize the gas comprises some other source of
invisible radiation and there is provided some means to contain
or otherwise accommodate between the source and the gas discharge device
a gas, fluid or fluid-like material through which
the radiation from the source passes to the gas discharge device.
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384 | ... Radioactive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter wherein the means to ionize the gas is a material that emits spontaneously, invisible nuclear particulate or electromagnetic energy. | |
385.1 | .. Plural chambers or three or more electrodes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Plural chambers or three or more electrodes: Subject matter wherein there are more than two electrically independent, electrically accessible points or wherein the gas molecules between the electrically accessible points are prevented from free movement between the points by a wall or other barrier. | |
385.2 | ... Spark chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385.1. Subject matter wherein incoming radiant energy ionizes the
gas molecules to trigger a spark between the electrically independent, electrically
accessible points.
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386 | .. With a periodic electrode bias varying means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Subject matter combined with means to establish an electric
potential difference between the electrically accessible points
of the gas discharge tube, which means changes the value
of the electric potential difference at random intervals of time.
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387 | .. With periodic electrode bias supply: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Subject matter combined with means to establish a potential
difference between the two electrically accessible points which
potential difference varies at equal intervals of time.
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388 | .. With indicator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Subject matter combined with perceptible means to signal
the presence or amount of radiation impinging upon the radiant energy responsive
gas discharge device.
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389 | . Including ionization means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter wherein the radiant energy responsive means
is electrically charged by incident radiation either by retention
if incident charged particles or by means of the incident radiation
raising the energy level of molecules in the signalling device sufficiently
enough to produce free electrons.
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390.01 | . Neutron responsive means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter which produces a change in electric potential
differential or current flow when subjected to particles with a
mass approximately the same as that of a proton but with no electric
charge.
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390.02 | .. Radiographic analysis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter in combination with means to form a visible
image of neutrons modified by an object.
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390.03 | .. With dose measurement: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter including means to determine quantity of
incident neutron energy.
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390.04 | .. Composition analysis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter in combination with means to determine the
constituents of an object.
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390.05 | ... For moisture content: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.04. Subject matter wherein the means is particularly adapted
to determine the presence or quantity of water in the object.
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390.06 | .. Density/thickness/consistency analysis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter in combination with means to determine one
or more physical quantities of an object.
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390.07 | .. Spectrum analysis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter in combination with means to discriminate
neutrons with respect to energy.
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390.08 | ... Using time-of-flight spectrometers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.07. Subject matter wherein the discrimination means operates
on the basis of the time it takes a selected neutron to travel a
given distance.
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390.09 | ... Using diffractometers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.07. Subject matter wherein the discrimination means operates
on the basis of diffraction.
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390.1 | .. Including beam control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter in combination with means to modify, contain
or eliminate at least some of the neutrons incident upon the responsive
means.
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390.11 | .. Including a scintillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter in combination with a luminophor which converts
incident neutrons to another type of energy to which the means is responsive.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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390.12 | .. Position-sensitive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter wherein the change in electric potential
differential or current flow indicates the location of incidence
of incident neutrons.
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391 | .. Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter which include methods of detecting or measuring the change in electric potential differential or current flow generated when the responsive means is subjected to neutron particles. | |
392 | .. With indicating or recording means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 390.01. Subject matter with means for indicating or recording the signal generated by the neutron responsive means. | |
393 | . With radiant energy source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter in combination with a claimed source of invisible
radiation to which the signalling means responds.
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394 | . Plural signalling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter including two or more radiant energy responsive electric signalling means. | |
395 | . Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 336.1. Subject matter which include processes for producing an electrical signal between some two electrically accessible points. | |
200 | PHOTOCELLS; CIRCUITS AND APPARATUS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes a photocell.
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201.1 | . Photocell controls its own optical systems: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter in which the photocell automatically controls
the illumination which falls on the photocell by altering optical
means located between a source of illumination and the photocell
or by altering the illumination source.
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201.2 | .. Automatic focus control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.1. Subject matter in which at least one photocell is used to
automatically adjust a lens to form a distinct image of an object
on an imaging surface.
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201.3 | ... Of a microscope: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.2. Subject matter in which the focusing of the light image
in a microscope is controlled.
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201.4 | ... Active autofocus: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.2. Subject matter having means to illuminate the object with
light other than, or supplementary to, ambient light.
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201.5 | .... With optical storage medium; e.g., optical disc, etc.: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.4. Subject matter in which the image is formed on the surface
of an optical information storage or retrieval medium, e.g., an
optical disc.
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201.6 | ... Based on triangulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.2. Subject matter in which the focusing is based on geometric
triangulation using a baseline distance between at least two photocells.
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201.7 | ... Based on contrast: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.2. Subject matter in which the photo-cell generates signals used to create an image and adjustment of the focus is based on the degree of contrast in all or part of the image, i.e., on the ratio of the darkest and lightest portions of all or part of the image. | |
201.8 | ... Based on image shift: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.2. Subject matter in which the focusing is based on coincidence of two images of the same object moved in the same plane or of the displacement or distance between different images of the same object in the same plane, e.g., the photodetector plane. | |
201.9 | .. Light beam wavefront phase adaptation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.1. Subject matter in which the phases of light waves are sensed and compared, and their sum or difference is used to control the optical system. | |
203.1 | .. Following a target (e.g., a star or instrument pointer or other object) other than a pattern: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.1. Subject matter having means for illuminating the photocell
in accordance with the relative position of the photoelectric cell
and an object, and having means for causing the photoelectric cell
to follow the object under the control of said illumination.
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203.2 | ... Target illuminated by artificial light source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 203.1. Subject matter in which the object to be tracked is, as disclosed, illuminated by an artificial light source, e.g., a laser, and the light from that source which is reflected from the target is detected and used to track the object. | |
203.3 | ... Self-luminous target: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 203.1. Subject matter in which the object to be tracked emits light which is detected and used to track the object. | |
203.4 | .... Sun: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 203.3. Subject matter wherein the self-luminous target to be tracked
is the Sun.
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203.5 | .... Cathode-ray tube scanning: |
Subject matter under 203.3 in which the self luminous target followed is a spot of light on the face of a cathode-ray tube (CRT). | |
203.6 | .... Airborne target, or spaceborne target other than the sun (e.g., star or missile): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 203.3. Subject matter where the self-luminous target is a star
or other spaceborne object other than the sun, e.g., a missile exhaust
plume.
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203.7 | .... With moving reticle in optical path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 203.3. Subject matter in which a moving, e.g., oscillating or rotating,
apertured or patterned element is in the optical path between the
target and photocell to modulate the light reaching the photocell
from the target.
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202 | .. Following a pattern (e.g., line or edge): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.1. Subject matter having means for illuminating the photocell
in accordance with the relative position of the photocell and a
pattern, and having means for causing the photocell to follow the
edge of the pattern under control of said illumination, or for causing
the optical path between pattern and photocell to change, under
the control of said illumination, so that the photocell follows
the edge of the pattern image.
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548 | .. Controlling web, strand, strip, or sheet: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the photocell detects a material
having a cross-sectional dimension which is small compared
to length and produces an electrical output which through additional
structure controls the position, size or speed of the material.
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549 | .. Cathode-ray tube: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the illumination which falls on the
photocell comes from a light source which comprises a cathode-ray
tube and said photocell electrically controls the cathode-ray tube.
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204 | .. Adjusting optical system to balance brightness in plural paths: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.1. Subject matter having two optical paths from a source or
two sources of illumination to one or more photocells and having
means for controlling one or more of the optical paths so that the ratio
of light flux which traverses the different optical paths stays
constant.
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205 | .. Controlling light source intensity: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 201.1. Subject matter having means for controlling the intensity
of the light source which illuminates the photoelectric cell in
accordance with the illumination which falls upon the photoelectric
cell.
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550 | . Interference pattern analysis (e.g., spatial filtering or holography): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein the photocell detects an interference
pattern and produces an electrical output.
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551 | . Signal isolator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter including a light source and an optical link
which couples the light source and photocell and wherein an electrical
input signal applied to the light source is optically coupled to
a detector which provides an electrical output signal having the
characteristics of the input signal.
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552 | . Solid state light source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter having a photocell means which detects a
light emitting source wherein the source is composed of a semiconductor
material.
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553 | .. Array or matrix: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Subject matter having a plurality of solid state light sources arranged in a particular group, order or formation. | |
554 | . Flame light source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter having a photocell means which detects a
light source wherein the light from the source is generated by means
of a material being consumed.
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559.01 | . With circuit for evaluating a web, strand, strip, or sheet: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter wherein a photocell is responsive to light
from a material having a cross-sectional dimension which
is small compared to length, and through additional structure (i.e., a circuit) produces
an electrical or mechanical output indicative of some characteristic
of the material.
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559.02 | .. Evaluation of photographic film: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein a circuit produces an output indicative
of some characteristic of a photographic film.
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559.03 | .. Sequential detector arrangement: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein photocells are arranged to perform plural independent successive detections of the same portion of the material and wherein the detections are subsequently jointly evaluated to determine some characteristic of the material. | |
559.04 | .. Evaluation by regions, zones, or pixels: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein discrete sections of the material are detected and evaluated independently. | |
559.05 | ... With imaging: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.04. Subject matter wherein an optical image is formed by combining individual photocell detections or pixel signals into a single image. | |
559.06 | ... With scanning: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.04. Subject matter wherein the material moves relative to the photocell field of view during the measurement process. | |
559.07 | .. With imaging: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein photocells detect an optical image of the material and a circuit produces a resulting signal used to determine some characteristic of the material. | |
559.08 | ... With camera: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.07. Subject matter wherein the optical image is detected by
a photodetector array.
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559.09 | .. With polarization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter having polarizing means in the optical path
between a light source and the photocell.
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559.1 | .. With calibration: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein the process of quantifying a property
or attribute of the material includes establishing a reference level
or scale.
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559.11 | .. Detection of both reflected and transmitted light: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein photocells are arranged to receive light which has been reflected by the material and light which has been transmitted through the material. | |
559.12 | .. Beam interruption or shadow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein some characteristic of an opaque
material is determined by measuring the proportion of the amount
of light detected by a photocell (when the opaque material
is placed in the light path between the photocell and a light source) to
the amount of light detected by the photocell from the source in
the complete absence of the opaque material.
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559.13 | ... With laser source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.12. Subject matter wherein the photocell receives light from a coherent light source. | |
559.14 | ... With rotation of material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.12. Subject matter wherein a characteristic of the material is determined by making a series of measurements while the material is rotating. | |
559.15 | ... With plural detectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.12. Subject matter having more than one independent photocell to detect light from the source. | |
559.16 | .. Detection of diffuse light: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein detection means are arranged to receive
non-specularly reflected light from the material (i.e., the
angle of the light reflected from the material is not equal to the
angle of the light incident to the material).
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559.17 | ... With diffusion optics: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.16. Subject matter having light scattering optics in the optical path between a light source and the photocell. | |
559.18 | ... With discrimination of discrete light diffusing region: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.16. Subject matter wherein photocells are arranged to detect light reflected from the material such that the presence of a discrete light diffusing region is determined by a change in the reflected light intensity. | |
559.19 | .. Measuring dimensions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter including a circuit responsive to a photocell, and
wherein the photocell is arranged relative to the material so that the
circuit provides an output indicative of some dimension of the material.
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559.2 | ... With comparison to reference or standard: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein evaluation of the material includes comparing the circuit output to a reference or stored value. | |
559.21 | ... Volume: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the circuit output is indicative
of the three-dimensional displacement of the material.
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559.22 | ... Profile: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the circuit output is indicative
of a surface contour of the material.
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559.23 | .... With triangulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.22. Subject matter wherein the profile is determined using optical triangulation. | |
559.24 | ... Transversal measurement (e.g., width, diameter, cross-sectional area): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the circuit output is indicative
of some cross- sectional dimension of the material.
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559.25 | .... Lumber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.24. Subject matter wherein the material being evaluated is lumber. | |
559.26 | ... Longitudinal measurement (e.g., length or spacing): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the circuit output is indicative
of a linear dimension of the material or feature which lies parallel
to the length of the material.
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559.27 | ... Thickness: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the circuit output is indicative
of the distance from the upper surface of the material to the lower
surface of the material.
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559.28 | .... With translucent material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.27. Subject matter wherein photocells are arranged to detect
light which has passed through the material from a source on the opposite
side of the material.
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559.29 | .. Measuring position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter including a circuit responsive to a photocell, and wherein the photocell is arranged relative to the material so that the circuit provides an output indicative of the location of the material relative to some reference frame. | |
559.3 | ... With alignment detection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.29. Subject matter wherein the position detected is indicative of the alignment of two or more objects. | |
559.31 | ... With triangulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.29. Subject matter wherein the position is determined using optical triangulation. | |
559.32 | ... Measuring rate of motion or flow (change of position): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.29. Subject matter wherein the time rate of change of the position
of the material is determined by repeatedly measuring the position
of the material at discrete time intervals.
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559.33 | ... With robotics: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.29. Subject matter wherein photocells are arranged on a mechanically
movable apparatus which moves the photocells into position to make
measurements of the material.
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559.34 | ... Lead or wire bond inspection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the location and integrity integrated circuit connections are evaluated. | |
559.35 | ... Centroid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the circuit output is indicative of the position of the center of gravity or center of mass of the material. | |
559.36 | ... Edge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein a process of determining position includes an intermediate step of detecting the location of an edge or edges of the material. | |
559.37 | ... Angular orientation (e.g., skew): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the circuit output is indicative of an angle of the material relative to the reference frame. | |
559.38 | ... Determining range from detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.19. Subject matter wherein the reference frame used to express
the position of the material is centered at the photocell or optical
system.
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559.39 | .. With comparison to reference or standard: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter wherein evaluation of the material includes comparing the circuit output to a reference or stored value. | |
559.4 | .. With indication of presence of material or feature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.01. Subject matter including a circuit responsive to a photocell, and wherein the photocell is arranged relative to the material so that the circuit provides an output indicating the presence or absence of the material or some indicia on the material in some predefined location. | |
559.41 | ... With foreign particle discrimination circuitry: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.4. Subject matter wherein the circuit provides the capability to identify the presence of a foreign substance on or embedded in the material from variations in a detected light signal. | |
559.42 | ... Discontinuity detection (e.g., hole, crack): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.4. Subject matter wherein the circuit output indicates the presence or absence of a discontinuity in the material. | |
559.43 | ... Break detection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.4. Subject matter wherein the circuit output indicates the complete separation of one portion of the material from another portion of the material (e.g., a strand break). | |
559.44 | ... Identifying marking, pattern, or indicia: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.4. Subject matter wherein the circuit output indicates the
presence or absence of a marking, pattern, or
indicia on the surface of the material.
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559.45 | ... With defect discrimination circuitry: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.4. Subject matter wherein the circuit provides the capability
to identify the presence of a flaw in the material from variations
in a detected light signal.
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559.46 | .... With camera or plural detectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.45. Subject matter wherein the detection means comprises plural detectors or a detection array camera. | |
559.47 | .... With counting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.45. Subject matter having means to count the number of defects
or numbers of types of defects which are detected over a period
of time.
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559.48 | .... With transversal scan: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.45. Subject matter wherein the field of view of the photocell is scanned transversally across sections of the material. | |
559.49 | ..... With moving reflector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.48. Subject matter wherein the transversal scan is accomplished by a moving reflector means having one or more reflective surfaces. | |
206 | . Photocell controlled circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter in which the photocell controls an electrical
or electro-mechanical system circuit, and systems circuits under
subclass 200 for supplying electric current and/or potential to
a photocell.
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206.1 | .. Having means to generate positional information in at least one plane of a target moving relative to one or more photodetectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Having means to generate positional information in at least
one plane of a target moving relative to one or more photodetectors:
Subject matter in which photodetecting means generate signals proportional
to the position in at least one plane of a target moving relative
to the photodetecting means.
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206.2 | ... Detection of positional information in two more planes (e.g., azimuth and elevation; hour angle and declination): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206.1. Subject matter in which the positional information of a target moving relative to one or more photocells relates to two or more planes, e.g., azimuth and elevation, or hour angle and declination, and may be expressed in any coordinate system, e.g., Cartesian (X,Y,Z) or radial (r, theta). | |
206.3 | .... With moving reticle in optical path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206.2. Subject matter in which a moving, e.g., rotating or oscillating,
apertured or patterned element is in the optical path between the
target and photodetector(s) to modulate the light reaching the photodetector(s)
from the target.
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555 | .. Including coded record: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter with data bearing means containing information
in symbolic form where the symbols are arbitrarily given certain
meanings, and means for illuminating said data bearing means
prior to the photoelectric cell, or methods of using such
means.
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556 | ... Document verification or graph reader: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 555. Subject matter wherein the document, which is a
sheet-like article, is analyzed or tested for
its authenticity by means of a photocell system; or comprising
a record reader wherein the coded information is represented by
a graph or plot on the record.
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557 | ... With means to position, direct, or detect record: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 555. Subject matter having means for adjusting, centering, aligning, arranging or sorting the record; or means to detect the presence of the record, per se. | |
558 | .. Stereoplotters: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter including one or more photocells responsive
to stereoscopically related images.
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564 | .. With circuit for evaluating a fluent material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter including a circuit responsive to a photocell
having fluent material in its optical path, wherein the
circuit provides an output indicative of the density, scattering
properties, index of refraction or the like, of
the fluent material.
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565 | ... With comparison: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 564. Subject matter including a circuit or circuits for evaluating the relative output of two photocells, a photocell and a stored value or the photocell output sequentially as from a sample and standard. | |
207 | .. Electron multiplier: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206.1. Subject matter in which the photocell has plural electrodes,
one or more of which is photoemissive, and in which secondary emission takes
place.
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208.1 | .. Plural photosensitive image detecting element arrays: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter having plural photocells structured in the
form of a one or two dimensional array capable of sensing an image
of an object viewed by the array.
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208.2 | .. Plural photosensitive nonimage detecting elements: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter having plural photocells structured or arranged so that they collectively do not detect or generate a picture image signal of an object from which light is detected by the photocells. | |
208.3 | ... With electronic scanning: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 208.2. Subject matter with means to electronically, as distinct from mechanically, scanning of the photocell outputs to obtain an output signal or signals representative of the output signals of the plural photocells. | |
208.4 | ... Used to switch an electrical circuit or device on or off: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 208.2. Subject matter in which plural photocells are, by disclosure,
used to generate signals which are used to switch all or just part
of an electrical circuit on or off.
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208.5 | ... With photodetector output ratioing other than by bridge or push-pull circuits: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 208.2. Subject matter in which circuit means are provided for forming
a ratio of the outputs of two or more photodetectors other than
by using bridge or push-pull circuits.
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208.6 | ... With specific relative positional geometry of photosensitive elements (e.g., an annular photosensitive element surrounding a coaxially mounted photosensitive element): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 208.2. Subject matter in which the plural photosensitive elements
are arranged in a predetermined, specific geometric orientation
relative to each other to provide a desired result, e.g., detecting specularly
reflected light as well as diffusely reflected light from an object
viewed by the photosensitive elements.
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210 | .. Bridge and push-pull circuits: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206.1. Subject matter in which the photocell is in a bridge circuit
or in a push pull circuit.
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214R | .. Special photocell or electron tube circuits: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter including means to electrically connect a
particular photocell or electron tube with one or more electrical
or electronic devices in a closed or closable electrically conducting
path.
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214P | ... Photographic control |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214D | ... Light dimmers |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214A | ... Amplifier type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214LA | .... Light amplifier type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214LS | ..... Switching type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214VT | ..... Vacuum tube type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214PR | ... Photosensitive rheostat type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214SG | ... Self-generating type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214.1 | ... Special photocell: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Subject matter in which the photocell has characteristics
which are sufficiently unique to be stated in the claims.
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214AG | ... Automatic gain control |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214AL | ... Ambient light responsive |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214B | ... Ambient light desensitizing means |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214C | ... Compensation |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214DC | ... Digital circuitry |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214L | ... Logarithmic/linear signal |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214RC | ... Rate of change |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214SF | ... Slave flash |
This subclass has no definition. | |
214SW | ... Electronic switch |
This subclass has no definition. | |
215 | . Combined with diverse-type device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter in which the photocell is built into a device
specific to an art other than the photocell art, and in which the
utility of the art device is not destroyed by removal of the photocell.
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216 | . Optical or pre-photocell system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter having means for illuminating the photoelectric
cell.
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227.11 | .. Light conductor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter including an optical fiber or rod, made of
a material having a high index of refraction that allows it to confine,
guide and transmit light.
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227.12 | ... Optical delay line: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter where the light conductor is used to decrease
the speed of a light pulse directed toward a photodetector.
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227.13 | ... Light pen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter wherein a photocell and light conductor are
combined in a single instrument configured to be hand held.
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227.14 | ... Condition responsive light guide (e.g., light guide is physically affected by parameter sensed which results in light conveyed to the photocell): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter in which the light which photocell senses
is affected by some property of the light conductor itself which
is, in turn, acted upon by the condition or parameter being sensed
and the photocell generates an electric signal in response thereto.
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227.15 | .... With detection of macroscopic break in fiber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.14. Subject matter wherein the detector and a light conducting
fiber are positioned, configured or arranged so that light is coupled to
or away from a detector if there is a break in the fiber to sense
the presence of a break.
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227.16 | .... With detection of fiber microbend caused by parameter affecting fiber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.14. Subject matter in which a photodetector sense a small scale,
i.e., micro, bend in an optical fiber caused by a parameter such
as pressure, temperature, stress or strain, etc.
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227.17 | .... Causing polarization change in fiber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.14. Subject matter in which the condition sensed changes the polarization of the light passing through the fiber due to some parameter affecting the fiber so that light of a different polarization reaches the photodetector than was incident on the fiber. | |
227.18 | .... Causing light spectral frequency/wavelength change: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.14. Subject matter in which the condition sensed causes a change
in frequency/wavelength of the light transmitted to the
photodetector by the light conductor.
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227.19 | .... With coherent interferrometric light: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.14. Subject matter wherein the light waves transmitted by the
light conductor are coherent, i.e., the phases of the waves are
substantially in step spatially and temporally, and the condition
sensed by the light conductor affects the coherent light so that
an interferometric pattern is presented to the photocell.
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227.2 | ... With imaging: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter wherein the light conductor presents an image
of the object viewed by it to the photocell, outputting the elements of
the object(s) that it views in the same spatial relationship they
have in reality.
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227.21 | ... With light chopping or modulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter wherein means are provided for varying the
intensity of the light transmitted to the photocell from substantially zero
to substantially maximum intensity as a function of time.
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227.22 | .... Keyboard or other manual switch controlled: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.21. Subject matter in which the means to operate the light gate
or modulator is a manually operable switch or keyboard.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||
227.23 | ... With spectral frequency/wavelength discrimination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter including means for selecting and transmitting
light of one or more discrete wavelengths or wavelength bands by the
light conductor(s) to the photocell(s).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||||||||||||
227.24 | ... With coupling enhancement means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter with means used to increase the overall coupling
efficiency of the light conductor and the photocell, i.e., to improve
the ratio of light reaching the photocell from the light conductor
to the light leaving the photoconductor on its way to the photocell.
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| |||||||
227.25 | .... Fluid coupling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.24. Subject matter in which the coupling enhancement means is a fluid, i.e., in the gas or liquid state. | |
227.26 | ... With scanning: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter with means to actually or electronically
move a light beam transmitted by a light conductor over an object.
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| |||||||
227.27 | ... With coherent interferrometric light: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter wherein the light waves transmitted by the
light conductor are coherent, i.e., the phases of the waves are
substantially in step spatially and temporarily, and the condition
being sensed by the light conductor affects the coherent light to
present an interferometric pattern to the photocell.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||||||||
227.28 | ... With specific configuration of light conductor components with respect to each other: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter in which the components of a light conductor
have a specific, predetermined configuration with respect to each other
to achieve a desired light beam pattern to be presented to the photodetector
means, e.g., one with suppressed higher order transverse electromagnetic
(TEM) modes.
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| |||
227.29 | ... With specific illumination or viewing orientation of light conductor relative to viewed object (e.g., light normal to, and detector at 45 degree angle to, viewed object): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter in which the angular relationship of the
light source, photodetector means and object being illuminated and detected
have a specified geometric relationship.
| |||
227.3 | ... With variable orientation of light conductor relative to viewed object (e.g., goniometer): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter in which means are provided to vary the angular
relationship of the light source or photodetector with respect to the
surface of the object under illumination and photodetection.
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| |||||
227.31 | ... Side or edge illuminated light conductor or collector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter in which the light conductor is configured
or arranged to receive light along its side or edge in lieu of,
or in addition to, its end face.
| |||
227.32 | ... End illuminated light conductor with noncircular geometric cross section: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227.11. Subject matter wherein the light conductor has a noncircular
end-face configuration which is end-face illuminated.
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566 | .. Including coded record: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter comprising data bearing means containing
information in symbolic form where the symbols are arbitrarily given
certain meanings and means for illuminating said data bearing means
prior to the photoelectric cell; or methods of using such
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||||||
568 | ... Digital information: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 566. Subject matter where the date consist of discrete identical
indicia and is represented by the relative positional locations
of the indicia on the record.
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569 | .... Card type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568. Subject matter wherein the record is a flat rectangular sheet. | |
570 | .... Tape, drum, or disc types: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568. Subject matter wherein the record is in the shape of a narrow strip of flexible material a cylinder, or a flat circular form. | |
573 | .. Fluent material in optical path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter having fluent material in the optical path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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574 | ... Scattered or reflected light: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Subject matter including structure associated with the photocell or the photocell is so placed as to be responsive to light dispersed, scattered or reflected by the fluent material. | |
575 | ... Plural paths: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Subject matter including more than one optical path or separate
fluent materials in one optical path.
| |||
576 | ... Sample holder or supply: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Subject matter including means to contain, constrain, move or guide fluent material to the optical path. | |
577 | ... Volume or level: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Subject matter including structure associated with the photocell or the placement of the photocell to specifically detect the volume or elevation of a contained fluent material. | |
221 | .. Controlled by article, person, or animal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter in which the optical path between the light
source and the photocell is directly affected by an object which
is movable with respect to, is not part of and is not continuously
associated with the photocell device.
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| |||||||||
222.1 | ... Inanimate article: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter in which the object is an inanimate article. | |
222.2 | .... Particle detection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 222.1. Subject matter in which the article is a particle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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223R | .... Conveyor or chute: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter having means for carrying the inanimate article
into or out of or through a location where the article will affect
the optical path between the light source and the photocell.
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223B | ..... Bottles |
This subclass has no definition. | |
224 | .... Article and light ray relatively moved during sensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter having means for causing relative movement
between the inanimate article and the light ray while the article
is in the light path between light source and photocell.
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| |||||||||
225 | .. Polarizing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter having a polarizer in the optical path between
light source and photocell.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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226 | .. Color (e.g., filter or spectroscope): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter having optical means for acting unequally
upon different frequencies of radiation in the optical path of light
from a light source to the photocell.
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228 | .. Integrating sphere: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter having an integrating sphere in the optical
path between light source and photocell.
| |||
229 | .. Light valve (e.g., iris diaphragm): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter having means in the optical path between
light source and photocell for varying the amount of light which
reaches the photocell.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||
231.1 | ... Actuated by dynamic external physical quantity: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter in which the means in the optical path between
the light source and the photocell for varying the amount of light
which reaches the photocell is actuated by an external mechanical
force.
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231.11 | .... Actuated by gauge element deflection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.1. Subject matter wherein displacement of a gauge component, e.g., needle, by a force, e.g., gravity or an electromotive force is the active external physical quantity sensed. | |
231.12 | .... Gyroscopes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.1. Subject matter wherein gyroscopic movements or conditions
are the active external physical quantities sensed.
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231.13 | .... Shaft angle transducers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.1. Subject matter wherein the angular position or speed or
a rotatable shaft is the active external physical quantity sensed
by one or more photocells and an output is generated which is indicative
of those parameters.
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231.14 | ..... Incremental shaft readers; i.e., with means to generate increments of angular shaft rotation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.13. Subject matter wherein photocell means is provided to incrementally
sense the angular position or speed of a rotatable shaft as the
active external physical quantity and for generating an output proportional
to the number of increments sensed by the photocell(s).
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231.15 | ...... With plural gear driven discs: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.14. Subject matter in which the incremental data is generated
using more than one circularly shaped element coupled to the rotating shaft
by gear drive means.
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231.16 | ...... Using phase difference of output signals from plural photodetectors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.14. Subject matter in which a signal proportional to the phase
sum of, or difference between, outputs of the photodetectors is
generated and is representative of the angular position or speed
of the rotating shaft.
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231.17 | ...... With means to indicate a complete shaft rotation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.14. Subject matter in which means are provided to determine
whether a complete revolution of the shaft has occurred and to generate
a signal representative of that fact.
| |||
231.18 | ...... Position indicating shaft encoders with means to generate a unique signal for each specific angular shaft position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 231.14. Subject matter including means to establish a unique number
of shaft angle positions and to generate a unique, distinct signal for
each of those positions.
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231.19 | .... Pressure-responsive light valves: |
Subject matter under 231.1 wherein the dynamic external
mechanical force sensed is pressure ((P) = F/A
where F = a Newtonian type force and A = Area
over which the force is applied) applied to the means in the optical path
for varying the amount of light to reach the photocell(s).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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230 | ... Reflection type (e.g., mirror galvanometer): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter in which the optical path between light source
and photoelectric cell includes a reflective element, and in which
the amount of reflection or the direction of reflection is varied
so as to vary the intensity of the photocell illumination.
| |||
232 | ... Light chopper type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Subject matter having means for intermittently interrupting
the optical path between the light source and photocell in a repetitious
cyclic sequence.
| |||
233 | .... Rotary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Subject matter in which the means for intermittently interrupting the optical path is a rotary element. | |
578.1 | .. Plural light sources or optical paths: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter in which the optical or pre-photocell
system includes more than one light source or more than one optical
path from one or more light sources to the photocell(s).
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234 | .. Means for moving optical system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter having means for moving an element of the
optical system.
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235 | ... Repetitious path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter having means for cyclically moving an element
of the optical system in a repetitious path.
| |||
236 | .... Rotary motion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Subject matter in which the element of the optical system,
which moves in a cyclic path, rotates.
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237R | .. Hoods, grating, baffles, diaphragms, masks: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Subject matter having a hood, grating, baffle, diaphragm
or mask associated with the optical path between light source and
photocell.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
237G | ... Gratings (moire fringes) |
This subclass has no definition. | |
238 | . Temperature control of photocell: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter having means for controlling the temperature
of the photocell apparatus.
| |||
239 | . Housings (in addition to cell casing): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter having a housing for the photocell apparatus. | |
396R | WITH CHARGED PARTICLE BEAM DEFLECTION OR FOCUSSING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having means to deflect, scan, spread
or focus a beam of electrons or ions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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397 | . With detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 396. Subject matter having means responsive to invisible radiation
to signal the presence or intensity of such radiation.
| |||
398 | . With target means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 396. Subject matter having means to hold, position or accommodate an object to be irradiated by the beam, or such an object itself in combination with the lens. | |
399 | .. Secondary emissive type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Subject matter wherein the object irradiated itself gives off invisible radiation as a result of its having been struck by the beam. | |
400 | .. With means to convey or guide the target: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Subject matter combined with means to move the material
irradiated to, through, within or from the beam
path or to cause a moving material to move to, through, within
or from the beam path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
396ML | . Magnetic lens |
This subclass has no definition. | |
423R | ION GENERATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising electrical means or processes
to remove from or add to an electrically neutral atom or molecule
one or more electrons to give to the atom or molecule a net electrical
charge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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424 | . Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter comprising processes for removing from or adding to a neutral atom or molecule one or more electrons. | |
425 | . With sample vaporizing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter having means to change the state of the material
to be ionized from a solid to a vapor.
| |||
426 | . Arc type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter wherein the means to remove or add electrons comprises an electrical space discharge between at least two electrodes caused by an electrical potential difference between the electrodes in excess of the breakdown voltage of the space between them. | |
427 | . Electron bombardment type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter wherein the means to remove or add electrons comprises means to project electrons toward the materials to be ionized. | |
423P | . Photoionization type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
423F | . Field ionization type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
428 | FLUENT MATERIAL CONTAINMENT, SUPPORT OR TRANSFER MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having or comprising means to at least, partially
enclose or restrain a gaseous, fluid or fluid-like
material or means to allow or cause movement to, from or
through such means, or means to move such means and, thus, the
material.
| |||
429 | . With temperature control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter having means to vary or maintain constant the temperature of the fluent material. | |
430 | . With valve or pump actuator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter having a valve or pump to admit fluent material
to or away from the containment, support or transfer means
and power operated means to open or close the valve or turn off
or on the pump.
| |||
431 | . With cleaning means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter having means therewith for removing the fluent material or other material from the surfaces or the interior of the containment, support or transfer means. | |
432R | . With irradiating source or radiating fluent material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter combined with means subjecting the fluent
material to radiation, or with a fluent material that is, itself, an
emitter of radiation.
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433 | .. Including a movable surface transfer means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter having a transfer means comprising a movable means having a surface for supporting fluent material. | |
434 | .. Including a gravity-type transfer means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter having a transfer means comprising means
to permit the force of gravity to move the fluent material.
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435 | .. Including a flowthrough transfer means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter having a transfer means comprising a fluent material enclosing means having means to permit spatially separate ingress and egress of the fluent material. | |
436 | ... Flow-enclosed radiation source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter wherein the transfer means causes the fluent material to flow about the radiation source. | |
437 | ... Tortuous path type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter wherein the material enclosing means provides
a circuitous passageway for the fluent material that bends, twists
or curves.
| |||
438 | ... With a flow-modifying surface: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter wherein the fluent material enclosing means has an obstructing means that changes the direction, velocity or some other characteristic of the flow of the fluent material. | |
432PD | .. Parent-daughter isotope separators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
453.11 | SUPPORTED FOR NONSIGNALLING OBJECTS OF IRRADIATION (E.G., WITH CONVEYOR MEANS): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are provided to sustain against
gravity an article animate or inanimate, to be irradiated
by radiant energy solely for the purpose of being treated or inspected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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454.11 | . With source support: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 453.1. Subject matter in combination with a means to sustain against
gravity the radiant energy producing means.
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455.11 | .. Source and object encasement (e.g., sterilizers): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 454.1. Subject matter comprising receptacle means enclosing a source
and an object support so that the object will be subjected to the
radiant energy.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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458.1 | LUMINOPHOR IRRADIATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes a source of radiant energy
and a phosphor material which luminesces or which quenches luminescence
as a result of excitation of the material by the radiant energy.
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459.1 | . Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458.1. Subject matter which includes methods which include the irradiation of a phosphor material by a radiant energy source where not elsewhere provided. | |
461.1 | . With ultraviolet source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458.1. Subject matter which include the phosphor material in combination with an ultraviolet radiation source. | |
461.2 | .. Biological cell identification: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 461.1. Subject matter including irradiation of a biological material
for the purpose of identifying its type, composition or
other characteristic, (e.g., cancerous).
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462.1 | . Self-luminous article: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458.1. Subject matter which includes self-luminous articles
or self-luminous attachments therefor where not provided
for elsewhere.
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463.1 | .. Dials, pointers, gauges, and bands: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 462.1. Subject matter wherein the article is a gauge, timepiece, pointer, dial, or portions thereof or attachments therefor where not elsewhere classified. | |
464.1 | .. Pendants: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 462.1. Subject matter wherein the article is adapted to be supported
from above and the luminous material is part of, supported
within or on the article.
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465.1 | .. Manual operators or luminous attachments therefor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 462.1. Subject matter wherein the luminous article is a device which is directly operated by hand or a luminous attachment for a manual operator not provided for elsewhere. | |
466.1 | .. Covers, keys, or luminous attachments therefor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 462.1. Subject matter wherein the article is a static or movable
closure member or a luminous attachment for a closure member which
has an opening to permit movement of the movable member therein
or therethrough or a key or a luminous attachment for a key where
not provided for elsewhere.
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467.1 | .. Reticles, gun sights or with optical element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 462.1. Subject matter wherein the articles include an integral optical device to direct the light rays emitted by the luminous article, a luminous optical device with markings which fluoresce or which markings are illuminated by the luminous light of the article, or luminous visual sight devices not provided for elsewhere. | |
472.1 | INVISIBLE RADIATION RESPONSIVE NONELECTRIC SIGNALLING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means responsive to invisible
radiation whose response is something other than an increase or
decrease in electric potential difference or current flow between
some two electrically accessible points and which response is used
to indicate the presence, type or amount of incident radiation
and methods utilizing such means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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473.1 | . Methods: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472.1. Subject matter which includes processes for producing a nonelectric signal in response to invisible radiation. | |
474.1 | . Optical change type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472.1. Subject matter which includes detectors which, upon
receiving radiation, changes its optical properties.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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475.2 | . Photographic type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472.1. Subject matter wherein the detector comprises a photographic
type material, (e.g., in
a film or plate), in a light proof housing, (e.g., cassettes or
film packs), having at least a portion previous
to invisible radiation.
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482.1 | .. With radiation filter, modifier, or shield, (e.g., dosimeter badges): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 475.2. Subject matter which includes radiation filter means cooperating
with the contained film or pack to moderate, shield or
filter some or all of the radiation before the radiation exposes
the film.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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483.1 | . Luminescent device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472.1. Subject matter which includes a significant structure which
includes material which emits luminous energy when excited by particle
or electromagnetic wave energy where not elsewhere classified.
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484.2 | .. Requiring an additional energy source to cause luminescence: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 483.1. Subject matter wherein the material which emits luminous energy requires another energy source to raise the energy level of the material to luminescence. | |
484.3 | ... With thermally stimulated phosphor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 484.2. Subject matter wherein the additional energy source is a
source of heat.
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484.4 | ... With optically stimulated phosphor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 484.2. Subject matter wherein the additional energy source is a
source of light.
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484.5 | .... Dosimeter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 484.4. Subject matter wherein the material upon stimulation emits
luminous energy in proportion to the previous accumulation of particle
or electromagnetic energy therein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
485.1 | .. With light excluding casing having an aperture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 483.1. Subject matter wherein the structure includes a casing to enclose the material or has the (luminescent) material formed as a portion of the casing whereby visible light is excluded within the casing and an opening in the casing to permit the detection of luminous energy emitted by the material. | |
486.1 | .. With plural luminescent material or plural luminescent containing layers or areas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 483.1. Subject matter wherein the structure includes plural luminescent materials, several luminescent layers or distinct areas or volumes of the same structure which contains the same or different luminescent materials. | |
487.1 | .. With optical member of material to directly modify luminous energy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 483.1. Subject matter wherein the structure additionally includes a material or a member having an optical property to control or modify the luminous energy emitted by the luminous material. | |
488.1 | ... Plural planar layer type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 487.1. Subject matter wherein the structure is an integral unit
formed of plural, flat, sheetlike materials, one
of the sheets containing luminescent material.
| |||
489 | ION COLLECTORS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a claimed apparatus is disclosed as functioning primarily for accumulating ions, usually for obtaining isotopes of increased purity, rather than for obtaining information of analytical value. | |
491.1 | MEANS TO ALIGN OR POSITION AN OBJECT RELATIVE TO A SOURCE OR DETECTOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are provided to relatively
immobilize the object in at least one direction or to provide an
indication of the location of the object relative to the source
or detector or their support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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492.1 | IRRADIATION OF OBJECTS OR MATERIAL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means or methods of irradiation
an object or material including a source and not provided for in
any of the preceding subclasses.
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492.2 | . Irradiation of semiconductor devices: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 492.1. Subject matter wherein the object irradiated is made of, at least in part, a semiconductor material. | |
492.21 | .. Ion bombardment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 492.2. Subject matter comprising a means for irradiating a semiconductive
object or material with at least one ion beam.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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492.22 | .. Pattern control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 492.2. Subject matter having means (e.g., template, program) representing
information necessary to variably expose the semiconductor object
or material and means or steps responsive to the representing means
to irradiate or re-irradiate the object or material accordingly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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492.23 | .. Variable beam: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 492.2. Subject matter including the use of a variable beam of charged
particles which may be used to project a pattern onto an object.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
492.24 | .. Photocathode projection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 492.2. Subject matter including using electrons emitted from photoemissive
electrode irradiated by another source of electromagnetic radiation such
as ultraviolet light.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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492.3 | . Ion or electron beam irradiation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 492.1. Subject matter wherein the object or material is irradiated by a stream of charged particles. | |
493.1 | RADIANT ENERGY GENERATION AND SOURCES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes radiation emitters of this
class type and not provided for elsewhere.
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494.1 | . Plural radiation sources: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 493.1. Subject matter which includes two or more radiation sources.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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495.1 | .. Including an infrared source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 494.1. Subject matter wherein at least one of the radiation sources emits radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum. | |
496.1 | . With container for radioactive source and radiation directing or selectable shielding: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 493.1. Subject matter comprising an enclosure including radioactive shielding material forming shielded positions, a passageway having an unshielded position formed at least in part within and extended from the interior to the periphery of the enclosure and a radioactive source within the container cooperable with the passageway so that the passageway directs the radiation of the source or forms a pathway for the radioactive source. | |
497.1 | .. With means to move source between shielded and unshielded position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 496.1. Subject matter which further includes means to move the radioactive source within the passageway between a shielded and the unshielded position. | |
498.1 | .. With pivoted or rotatable radiation shield: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 496.1. Subject matter which includes a pivoted or rotatable radiation shield within the container or housing which cooperates with the passageway and the radioactive source to selectively permit in one position the radiation from the source to escape from the container or housing and in other positions to prevent the escape of radiation from the container or housing. | |
503.1 | . With radiation modifying member: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 493.1. Subject matter which includes in addition to a radiation
source, means to alter a radiation beams as to its cross
section, intensity, direction or spectral or energy
content.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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504R | .. Ultraviolet or infrared source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 503.1. Subject matter wherein the source emits radiation in the ultraviolet or infrared portion of the spectrum. | |
504H | ... Hand-held |
This subclass has no definition. | |
505.1 | RADIATION CONTROLLING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means to modify, contain
or eliminate at least some of the emanations or (or caused
by, in the case of secondary emissions) a source
of invisible radiation.
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506.1 | . Shielded receptacles for radioactive sources: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 505.1. Subject matter wherein the means comprises a container impervious
to invisible radiation to hold or enclose a radioactive source of
such radiation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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507.1 | .. Having plural storage compartments or plural nested receptacles: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 506.1. Subject matter wherein the container includes structure to form plural compartments to store plural radioactive sources or another container within the container to hold a radioactive or nuclear source. | |
515.1 | . Shields: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 505.1. Subject matter comprising means to absorb radiant energy
not elsewhere provided for.
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516.1 | .. Garments: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 515.1. Subject matter comprising articles of wearing apparel to
protect the wearer against harmful electromagnetic or nuclear radiation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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517.1 | .. Construction elements or building parts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 517.1. Subject matter wherein the means includes components used
in the construction of walls and buildings and portions of buildings
or walls which include material to shield against harmful electromagnetic
or nuclear energy.
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518.1 | .. With neutron absorption material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 515.1. Subject matter wherein the means includes devices containing
neutron absorption material.
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519.1 | .. Flexible: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 515.1. Subject matter wherein the controlling means is constructed of a pliable material or so constructed that it is easily deformed or bent. | |
522.1 | SOURCE SUPPORTS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising structure to hold a radiation
source not provided for elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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526 | MISCELLANEOUS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which is not provided for in any of the preceding subclasses of this class. | |
900 | OPTICAL LIQUID LEVEL SENSORS: |
Art collection of liquid level sensor photocell systems
which employ light conductors to detect the absolute or relative
level of liquids.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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901 | . With gap between light guide elements (includes open light path preset): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 900. Art collection of liquid level sensors related to those in ... in which a light guide which transmits light from a light source to a detector has a gap which light from the source traverses, or does not traverse, depending on the angle of the end faces of the light conductor, whether or not the liquid is in the gap, etc. The designation "open light circuit present" means that light from the light source normally is not transmitted from one light conductor end face across a gap to the other light conductor end face when the gap is not filled with liquid. The designation "closed light circuit preset" means that light from the light source is normally transmitted across the gap between the light conductor end faces when liquid is not filling the gap. Illustrations of open and closed light circuits appear below: | |
902 | .. With closed light path preset: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 901. Art collection of liquid level sensors related to those
in ... in which light from the light
source is normally transmitted across the gap formed by light conductor
end faces to the photodetector in the absence of liquid in the gap.
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903 | ... With prism contacting liquid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 902. Art collection of liquid level sensors related to those
in ... in which a prism forms the gap between
the fibers and the prism is placed in contact with the liquid to
open the light path in the gap.
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904 | . With single light guide element to guide light in a continuous path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 900. Art collection of liquid level sensors related to those in ... in which a single continuous light conductor guides light therein in a closed path preset from a light source to a photodetector and, when contacted by a liquid, light is coupled into the liquid and out of the conductor. | |
905 | .. With longitudinal irregularity: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 904. Art collection of liquid level sensors related to those
in ... in which the light conducting
guide has some nonregular aspect along its longitudinal axis. For
example, the surface of the light conducting guide is not
parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof, or has a variation
in its optical parameters along its longitudinal axis, e.g., a
graded refractive index.
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906 | ... With large scale longitudinal bend: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 905. Art collection of liquid level sensors related to those
in ... in which the light conducting
guide is bent along its longitudinal axis and the bend is macroscopic, e.g., the
entire guide is bent into a U-shape, as distinct
from a plurality of microscale bends where the overall shape of the
guide may still be straight.
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907 | ... With portions of light guide coating or cladding removed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 905. Art collection of liquid level sensors relating to those found in ... in which the longitudinal irregularity comprises an irregular longitudinal surface caused by removal (e.g., roughening) of portions of the light conductor coating or cladding. | |
908 | ... With waveguide twisted about its longitudinal axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 905. Art collection of liquid level sensors relating to those in ... in which a light conducting waveguide is twisted about its longitudinal axis, which results in a conversion of the lowest order light beam transverse electromagnetic (TEM) modes input into the light conducting waveguide into an output of higher order modes because of the continually rotating cross-section of the waveguide. An illustration of this type of waveguide appears below: | |
909 | METHODS AND APPARATUS ANCILLARY TO STIMULABLE PHOSPHOR SYSTEMS: |
Art collection of methods and apparatus relating to the technology of stimulable phosphors which include for example, signal processing methods after image read-out and mechanical accessories for cassette or plate transport. These documents usually do not include as significant claim elements (or significant disclosure in the case of nonpatent literature) methods and apparatus relating to image recording or phosphor plate technology. | |
910 | FOOD SAMPLE ANALYSIS USING INVISIBLE RADIANT ENERGY SOURCE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a sample being analyzed using invisible radiant energyis an edible substance. | |
FOR000 | CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG1 | PASSIVE INTRUSION DETECTORS |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG2 | RADON DETECTION |
This subclass has no definition. | |