CLASS 175, BORING OR PENETRATING THE EARTH |
1 | WITH SEISMIC SHOCK GENERATING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus which includes a step or means for
boring a hole in the earth, combined with a step or means located
within the hole relating to subjecting the earth to a force to initiate
a seismic wave in the earth.
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2 | BORING WITH EXPLOSION IN INACCESSIBLE HOLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising subject matter directed
to exploding a charge in an inaccessible hole to directly attack
the formation or to propel an object such as a bullet into the formation.
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3 | . Severing formed core by explosion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Process or apparatus involving a step or means utilizing
an explosive charge to separate a previously formed undisturbed
core from the formation.
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3.5 | . Explosive charge carried by projectile: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter in which a projectile containing an explosive charge is described as forming a bore as it is projected into the formation by an explosive charge and the explosive charge carried by the projectile is then fired. | |
4 | . Driving core receiver by explosion or with receptacle collecting material in bore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to an explosive apparatus which
includes or is combined with (1) a core receiving barrel or tube
which is propelled into the formation by an explosive charge or (2)
a receptacle or the like which is described as adapted to collect
and remove a sample of the formation from the hole.
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4.5 | . Directing successive projectiles or charges in same path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to plural charges or bullets which are fired through the same gun barrel and/or in succession in the same direction and along the same line into the formation without removing the firing apparatus from the hole. | |
4.51 | . With position orienting or indicating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to (1) means to position or aim
an explosive charge or projectile relative to a predetermined point
or direction in the hole, (2) means to enable an operator at the
surface to determine where something (e.g., the explosive charge
or projectile) is located in the hole or (3) means to place an indicator
(e.g., reference bullet) in the formation or hole wall.
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4.52 | . With wall engaging packer or anchor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to means engaging the hole wall
or a tubular member in the hole to (1) block fluid flow between
the explosive apparatus and the hole wall or member or (2) attach the
explosive apparatus to the hole wall or other wall in the hole so
as to resist the action of gravity or a lifting force.
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4.53 | . Firing chamber movable in bore relative to carrier or another firing chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to (1) a chamber for an explosive charge which is movable while it is in the hole relative to a body or frame which supports the chamber in the hole or (2) plural chambers which are connected together so as to permit relative movement between the chambers while they are in the hole. | |
4.54 | . With bore condition firing control, or compensating means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to means provided in the apparatus to (1) start, stop or modify operation of an explosive firing means in response to a sensed condition within the hole or (2) compensate for change in a hole condition due to exploding of a charge. | |
4.55 | . Independent firing of plural charges: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to means including plural charges
and a control to separately fire the charges.
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4.56 | . Firing control mechanically actuated in bore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to a mechanical control means which
is actuated in the hole to explode the charge.
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4.57 | . Projectile forms bore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter comprising an apparatus or process for firing
a missile.
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4.58 | .. With means to initially restrain projectile for pressure build-up: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 4.57. Subject matter directed to means which are provided to temporarily hold back the missile at the time of firing the explosive charge so as to build up pressure behind the missile and propel the missile with high initial acceleration when the holding means is overcome. | |
4.59 | .. With means to prevent preliminary bore fluid contact: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 4.57. Subject matter directed to means which are provided to prevent
ambient fluid in the hole from coming in contact with the missile
until propulsion of the missile commences.
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4.6 | . Concave-shaped charge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter directed to means in which the explosive charge is hollowed or dished inwardly toward a central point to give a focused pressure to directly attack the formation or a wall member in the hole. | |
5 | BORING A SUBMERGED FORMATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising a step or means for sinking
a well, shaft or deep boring in the surface of the earth lying below
a body of water, (e.g., ocean, lake, or river, etc.).
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6 | . Boring with underwater tool drive prime mover: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter including a drive means for a boring tool,
and in which said drive means is located below the surface of the
water during the boring operation.
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7 | . Boring from floating support with submerged independent anchored guide base: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter, utilizing a base structure positioned on
the underwater floor and completely covered by water when so positioned
and a floating structure independent of the base structure, said
floating structure and base structure cooperating to support and
guide the drilling apparatus during the drilling operation.
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8 | . Boring from submerged buoyant support: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter, utilizing a normally floating or buoyant
support for a boring means which is submerged to a position below
the surface of the water during the boring operation.
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9 | . Boring from nonbuoyant support: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter utilizing a boring means mounted on a structure
at or above the surface of the body of water and which structure
is so constructed or anchored by means of fixed rigid supports (e.g.,
piles) as to be nonbuoyant or unaffected by the normal wave or tide
action of the body of water.
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10 | . Boring with submersible vertically movable guide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter, utilizing a support for a boring means provided
with a vertically disposed guide frame, a second guide frame or
member mounted on said first guide frame, said second guide frame
or member being movable relative to said first guide frame in a
vertical direction to a position below the surface of the body of the
water.
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11 | BORING BY DIRECTLY APPLYING HEAT TO FLUIDIZE OR COMMINUTE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising a step or means for directing
a form of heat energy into a mineral body to (1) alter the physical
state of the body or (2) separate the mineral body into particles
(e.g., spalling).
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12 | . Combustion of the formation material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter in which material comprising the in situ
formation is disclosed as entering into an exothermic chemical reaction.
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13 | . With introduction of slag forming flux: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter in which a chemical compound is directed
into the heated or molten mass of disintegrated material to bring
about the formation of a resultant product having a desirable property
(e.g., to increase fluidity).
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14 | . Combustion is confined chamber having restricted discharge orifice: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter in which an exothermic chemical reaction
is caused to occur in a confined area, and the products of the reaction
are discharged through a restriction from said area against the
mineral body with jet and/or intensely heated characteristics.
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15 | . Rotating the heating tool: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter in which the heat applying or directing device is continuously rotated about an axis. | |
16 | . Electrically produced heat: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter in which the heat is generated by an electric
current either (1) within, or (2) in close proximity to the mineral
body being worked.
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17 | WITH HEATING OR COOLING (1) WITHIN THE BORE, OR (2) DRILLING FLUID: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising a step or means (1) for
changing the temperature of a drilling fluid or (2) positively changing
the temperature of all or a portion of a bore or boring equipment
within the bore.
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18 | ICE BORING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising steps or means which are
peculiar to forming boreholes in naturally situated bodies of frozen
water.
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19 | BORING WITHOUT EARTH REMOVAL (I.E., COMPACTING EARTH FORMATION): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus including a step or means peculiar
to forming a borehole in the earth without the extraction of material
from the borehole, and relating primarily to the wedging or packing
aside of the earth by a driven element (e.g., drive point).
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20 | . Combined with earth removal (e.g., removing sample): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Subject matter including in addition to boring without earth
removal, the step or means for removing earth, (e.g., boring without
earth removal followed by taking a sample, etc.).
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21 | . Fluid passage to exterior of drive point: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Subject matter relating to conducting fluid through the
drive point to the exterior thereof, generally to lubricate or treat
the earth formation.
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22 | . Drive point detached from shaft to form cased bore or with installation of casing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Subject matter including a step or means for (1) separating
a drive point from its shaft to permit the shaft to remain as a
casing in the bore or (2) installing a separate casing as a part
of the boring operation.
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23 | .. Drive point retracted through shaft or casing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Subject matter including a step or means for withdrawing
a drive point through a hollow shaft or casing.
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24 | AUTOMATIC CONTROL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising the steps or means for (1)
sensing a condition of operation which may or may not occur and
(2) controlling a power operated means in response to said sensed
condition (without assistance from an intelligent operator) to initiate,
modify, or terminate the operation.
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25 | . Of fluid pressure below ground: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter in which a sensed condition of operation
controls a power operated means to adjust or regulate the pressure
of fluid which is (1) within a borehole or (2) confined in apparatus
in which the fluid pressure may be automatically adjusted or modified
while the confining apparatus is within a borehole.
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26 | . Of boring means including a below-ground drive prime mover: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter in which a below ground drive prime mover
comprises part of the boring means.
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27 | . Of advance or applied tool weight: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter in which a sensed condition of operation
controls a power operated means to initiate, modify, or terminate
the advance or axial pressure of a tool upon the formation.
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38 | . In response to drilling fluid circulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter in which a sensed characteristic of drilling
fluid circulation controls a power operated means to modify the
boring operation.
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39 | WITH BIT WEAR SIGNAL GENERATING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising a step or means for initiating
a signal when a specified condition relating to wear of the bit
occurs.
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40 | WITH SIGNALING, INDICATING, TESTING OR MEASURING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus combined with a step or means for measuring,
testing, signaling, indicating, detecting, registering or recording
a condition for the benefit of an observer.
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41 | . Ray energy detection or measuring: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter comprising a step or means for detecting
the presence of, or measuring the quantity or quality of invisible
radiant energy rays, such as for example radioactive emanations
or phosphorescence or fluorescence.
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42 | . Indicating agent released in drilling fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter comprising a drilling fluid system and a
step or means for releasing an identifiable substance into the drilling
fluid stream which substance when carried above ground by the circulating
fluid will indicate to an observer the presence of a condition.
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44 | . Providing identifiable indication of core position in situ for core sample orientation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter comprising a step or means to take a core sample from the formation and a step or means operative during the extraction of the core for indicating the position of the core sample in the formation, so that said core sample may be placed in the same position which it assumed while in the formation for observation after it is brought above ground. | |
45 | . Tool position direction or inclination measuring or indicating within the bore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter comprising a step or means for indicating
the position, direction or inclination of a boring tool in a borehole
with relation to geographical direction, a characteristic of the borehole
or some other preselected point of reference.
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46 | . Signaling or indicating condition of cutting in cuttings retainer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Process or apparatus comprising a cuttings retainer and a step or means for indicating a condition of cuttings within or entering said cuttings retainer. | |
48 | . Measuring or indicating drilling fluid (1) pressure, or (2) rate of flow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter relating to a drilling fluid system forming
a part of the boring means and a step or means to (1) measure or
indicate the pressure of the drilling fluid or (2) measure or indicate
the rate of flow of said drilling fluid at a specified location
in said system.
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49 | . Transparent inspection feature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter comprising a step or means for encasing a part of the boring means or cuttings in a transparent enclosure such that said enclosed boring means or cuttings may be visually observed or inspected. | |
50 | . Indicating, testing or measuring a condition of the formation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter comprising a step or means for determining
the characteristics of the earth formation traversed by a boring
tool.
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51 | WITH SELF-ACTING CYCLIC ADVANCE AND RETRACTION OF TOOL OR TOOL SHAFT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus combined with a step or means requiring
no other control by an operator other than the initial starting
or presetting of the condition of operation, for the tool or tool
shaft to follow a complete cycle of operation of advance and retraction
or retraction and advance returning to its original or starting position
and then stopping.
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52 | WITH MAGAZINE FOR SUCCESSIVELY MOVING UNCONNECTED, ORIENTED TOOL OR SHAFT SECTIONS TO USE POSITION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus combined with a holding of storage
means or steps for carrying a plurality of separate disconnected
tools or tool shaft sections, said holding or storage means or steps
including separately removing and positioning a tool or a tool shaft
section from said holding or storage position into a use position with
the previously removed and positioned tool or tool shaft section.
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53 | ENLARGEMENT OF EXISTING PILOT THROUGHBORE REQUIRING ACCESSIBILITY TO EXISTING OPPOSITE BORE ENDS TO INSERT AND REMOVE TOOL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus including a step of, or apparatus peculiar
to increasing the diameter of an existing through borehole (spaced entrance
and exit points) wherein certain parts of either the boring apparatus
used must be located outside of end of the existing borehole at
some time during the boring operation.
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54 | BORING BY BELOW GROUND RECIRCULATION OF UNSUPPORTED ELEMENTS (E.G., SHOT): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising a step or means for continuously
recirculating within the bore a plurality of unsupported elements
such as shot or pellets to cause such elements to directly impinge
upon and disintegrate the formation.
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55 | TOOL ACTUATION BY REACTION OF ROTATING ECCENTRIC MASS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising a step or means for driving
the boring tool which includes a mass or weight mounted to travel
in an orbital path with the center of gravity of the mass or weight
being spaced from the center of the path in which it travels, the
reaction of said mass or weight on its mounting being transmitted
to the boring tool through the means mounting the mass or weight
for rotation.
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56 | NATURAL VIBRATION CHARACTERISTIC OF AN ELEMENT OF BORING MEANS RELATED (1) TO NATURAL VIBRATION CHARACTERISTIC OF ANOTHER ELEMENT, OR (2) TO FREQUENCY OF AN IMPOSED MOTION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process or apparatus comprising a step or means relating
to an element or part of the boring means which has a property affecting
its natural period of vibration when it is impacted or elastically
deformed which bears a relationship to (1) a similar property of
another element or part of the boring means or (2) the frequency
or period of vibration of the force causing the impacts or deformations
of the first element.
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57 | PROCESSES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Processes.
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58 | . Sampling of earth formations: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Processes comprising drilling a definite sample of earth
from the borehole or from the surrounding earth formation for testing
or measuring purposes.
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59 | .. Retaining fluid or taking separate fluid sample: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Processes comprising the step of (1) maintaining the natural
fluid content of the earth sample or (2) taking a discrete sample
of the fluid occurring in the borehole or its surrounding earth
formations.
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60 | .. Transporting sample to surface by fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Processes comprising the step of moving the sample from
the bottom of the borehole to the surface of the earth by entrainment
in a fluid.
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61 | . Boring curved or redirected bores: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Processes comprising drilling or forming a borehole in which
the axis of the borehole is (1) curved or arcuate, (2) two straight
line portions intersecting at an angle or (3) a straight line portion
and a curved portion.
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62 | . Boring horizontal bores: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Processes comprising the making of a horizontal bore either
from the surface or from an accessible hole.
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64 | . Chemical reaction with earth formation or drilling fluid constituent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Processes comprising (1) introducing a material into a borehole
to react chemically with the in situ earth formation to form the
borehole or (2) introducing a material into the borehole during
drilling to react chemically with a material present in the drilling
fluid.
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65 | . Boring with specific fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Processes comprising providing a liquid or gaseous material
in a borehole to facilitate the making of such borehole.
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66 | .. Treating spent or used fluid above ground: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Processes comprising the step of subjecting drilling fluid
which has been returned to the surface of the earth from the borehole
to a physical or chemical treatment at the surface.
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67 | .. Boring by fluid erosion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Processes comprising the making of a borehole or the performance
of a reaming operation by the use of a stream of pressurized fluid
to dislodge the earth formation.
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68 | .. Anti-agglomeration treatment of gaseous drilling fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Processes comprising the step of treating a gaseous drilling fluid with a material to prevent the agglomerating or wetting by liquid occurring naturally in the borehole of the cuttings loosened during drilling. | |
69 | .. Combined liquid and gaseous fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Processes comprising the use of liquid and gaseous materials
as the fluid circulated in the borehole.
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70 | .. Plural distinguishable liquids: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Processes comprising drilling with two or more liquids which
remain separated in the borehole due to their mutual immiscibility,
difference in specific gravities, manner of placement in the borehole,
or other characteristics.
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71 | .. Gaseous fluid or under gas pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Processes comprising (1) drilling with a gaseous fluid as
the circulating drilling fluid or (2) the placing of a gas under
pressure in the borehole during drilling either along or over a
liquid drilling fluid.
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72 | .. Prevention of lost circulation or caving: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Processes comprising the step of treating a subsurface earth
formation during drilling (1) to prevent the loss of drilling fluid
into such formation or (2) to prevent the earth formation of the
bore wall from collapsing into the earth bore.
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73 | MEANS TRAVELING WITH TOOL TO CONSTRAIN TOOL TO BORE ALONG CURVED PATH: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means carried by or movable with a
tool while drilling to cause the tool to drill a bore or segment
of a bore having a nonlinear axis.
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74 | . Sectional guide or shaft having means to lock sections in angular relation while boring: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Apparatus wherein the means for causing the tool to drill
a curved bore comprises a tool shaft or a means adapted to direct
the course of the tool which is made up of units or segments, generally
pivotally connected to one another, movable to be positioned at
an angle to one another in the direction of the bore axis and means
engageable with the segments to hold them in their angularly related
position.
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75 | . Normally curved guide or shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Apparatus wherein the means to cause the tool to bore a
curved hole comprises a member to direct the tool or a shaft for
driving the tool which has or is formed to assume a nonlinear shape
in the direction of boring.
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76 | . Axially spaced opposed bore wall engaging guides: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Apparatus wherein the means for causing the tool to drill
a curved bore comprises means carried by the tool or tool shaft
at points axially spaced along the bore axis and extending in opposite
directions laterally from the tool or tool shaft to engage the bore
wall.
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77 | SIDE WALL TOOL FED LATERALLY WITHOUT ROTATION FROM INACCESSIBLE HOLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising means for cutting the earth which cuts
without requiring rotation of the cutting means about an axis coincident with
its direction of advance, said cutting means being fed from an inaccessible
hole.
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78 | MEANS CARRIED BY HOUSING INSERTABLE IN INACCESSIBLE HOLE TO ADVANCE SIDE WALL TOOL LATERALLY: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a supporting or carrying means insertable
in an inaccessible hole, said supporting or carrying means providing
a housing with an opening for the boring tool, and means is provided
in the housing to advance the tool from the housing through the opening
in a direction at an angle to the path of travel of the housing
on being inserted in the inaccessible hole.
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79 | TOOL SHAFT ADVANCED RELATIVE TO GUIDE INSERTABLE IN INACCESSIBLE HOLE TO CHANGE DIRECTION OF ADVANCE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a tool shaft and a means engageably
by the shaft as the shaft is advanced to change the direction of
advance of the shaft, said means being insertable in an inaccessible
hole.
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80 | . Tool telescopes over guide having surface set at angle in hole: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Apparatus in which the means changing the direction of advance comprises a rod or mandrel having a shaft engaging surface which is set in the hole at an angle to the original direction of advance, the shaft receiving the rod or mandrel in a telescoping relationship to be guided in a different direction thereby. | |
81 | . With anchor for guide engaging hole side wall: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Apparatus in which the means changing the direction of advance
has combined therewith means to engage or penetrate a side wall
of the hole to resist movement of the direction changing means either
longitudinally or radially of the hole.
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82 | . Guide carried by shaft to operative position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Apparatus in which the means changing the direction of advance is supported by the tool shaft and moved into an operative position in the hole thereby. | |
83 | .. With clutch means acting between shaft and guide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Apparatus in which the means changing the direction of advance
and the tool shaft are provided with means for preventing their
relative rotation which is manipulable, usually by relative longitudinal
movement, to permit relative rotation therebetween.
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84 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND CLEANER FOR BORING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus wherein the apparatus is provided with means normally
positioned above the ground (e.g., outside the borehole, etc.) to clean
the apparatus or some portion thereof. Said cleaning means may
include wiping, scraping, brushing or flushing with a fluid.
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85 | WITH ORIENTING OR RACKING MEANS FOR UNCONNECTED TOOLS OR SECTIONS OF SHAFT OR CASING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including (1) a means to cause the movement of
unconnected tools, rods, tubings, or casing in a direction lateral
to the bore axis and to and/or from a position in vertical alignment
with the bore axis or (2) a structure particularly adapted to store
unconnected tools, rods, tubings, or casings and which is laterally spaced
from vertical alignment with the bore axis, (i.e., fourble board).
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86 | WITH BELOW-GROUND PERSONAL ACCOMMODATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means positioned within a hole being
bored for supporting, enclosing, protecting or otherwise accommodating
a person in the hole while it is being bored.
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87 | CONVERTIBLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus adapted to perform functions other than earth
boring or to perform an earth boring function in a different manner
in response to (1) removal of a significant portion of the apparatus
and/or (2) installation of additional parts or (3) by substantial
rearrangement of the existing parts.
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88 | WITH MEANS CARRYING CUTTINGS LATERALLY OF BORE AXIS COMPRISING (1) CHUTE, (2) CONVEYER, OR (3) VEHICLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which an above ground means is provided to
transport cuttings in a direction perpendicular to the borehole
axis which does not require conveying by a fluid current, such means
comprising an endless or screw conveyor, open chute or vehicle,
but not including a tubular conduit which is utilized in a fluid
system.
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89 | TOOL ELEMENT OR CONTINUOUSLY DRIVEN FLEXIBLE OR ARTICULATED ENDLESS MEMBER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a cutting means is carried through recurring
cycles on a driven member forming a closed circuit, said member composed
of a rope, cable, chain, hinged elements, or like structure.
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90 | . Flexible or articulated member carried on support swingable or laterally movable relative to bore axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Apparatus in which a flexible or articulated member is carried
on a support which is adapted to move all or a portion of said member
radially relative to the axis of the bore to undercut or slot the
wall of the borehole.
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91 | BORING MEANS INCLUDING A CONTINUOUSLY ROTATING BIT DESCRIBING A NONCIRCULAR CROSS-SECTIONAL BORE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which (1) a single cutting means rotating through
recurring cycles, or (2) a combination of cutting means carried
on a common support and including at least one cutting means rotating
through recurring cycles, is particularly adapted to form in a single
advance a bore which is noncircular in a plane perpendicular to
the bore axis.
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92 | WITH BELOW-GROUND TOOL DRIVE PRIME MOVER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means adapted to drive a boring tool
through recurring cycles comprising a means commonly called a motor which
is adapted to convert a source of energy into simple mechanical
motion, said motor being so related to the boring tool that it enters the
borehole and advances with the boring tool as the boring tool performs
its earth boring function.
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93 | . Below-ground (1) generation of motive fluid, or (2) storage of motivating energy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in which (1) the motor is fluid operated, and means are provided within the borehole for generating or imparting energy to the motive fluid, (2) means are provided within the borehole for storing a source of motivating energy for operating the motor. | |
94 | . With below-ground feed means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus including means positioned within the borehole
which functions to feed the tool in the boring operation with, or
relative to, the tool drive means.
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95 | . Plural below-ground drive prime movers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus comprising a plurality of drive motors positioned within the borehole. | |
96 | .. Plural cutter elements driven by individual prime movers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Apparatus wherein the tool is composed of a plurality of relatively movable cutting elements, each of said cutting elements being driven by a separate motor. | |
97 | . With means to anchor prime movers support to bore wall: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus including means to secure the motor support to
the bore wall against either axial or rotary movement or both.
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98 | .. Expansible anchor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Apparatus in which said means may be selectively expanded
or retracted to or from engagement with the bore wall.
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99 | ... Fluid-operated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus in which said means is operated by pressure fluid.
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100 | . Discharge passage for motive fluid directed toward bore entrance: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in which the motor is fluid operated and means
are provided for exhausting a portion of the fluid which operates
the motor from the motor or motor housing into the bore in a direction
extending toward the bore entrance.
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101 | . With positive connection between tool and support shaft for rotary below ground motor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in which the motor is a rotary type motor supported by a rotatable shaft extending into the bore, and in addition to the motor is a means provided for connecting said rotatable support shaft to the tool in a driving relationship. | |
102 | . With below-ground conveyer or impeller for removal of cuttings: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus including means located within the bore for removing
cuttings from the bore comprising either (1) an endless flexible
carrier or (2) a means to induce fluent flow (e.g., pump or helical
screw, etc.).
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103 | . With above-ground means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus including means intended to function and remain above ground. | |
104 | . Electric: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in which the motor is of the type which converts
electrical energy into mechanical motion.
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105 | .. Reciprocating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Apparatus wherein the electric motor is of the type having
a rectilinearly reciprocating part.
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106 | . With mechanical motion-converting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus including means (e.g., gearing, linkage or cam,
etc.) for modifying the direction, location or advantage relationship
of simple mechanical motion, said means being drivingly interposed
between the motor and the tool.
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107 | . Fluid rotary type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Apparatus in which said motor includes an element provided
with means upon which a fluid may act to cause a nonreversing motion
of said element about an axis.
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108 | COMMON DRIVE OR ADVANCING MEANS FOR CONCURRENTLY BORING ALONG LATERALLY SPACED AXES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a single means which directly contacts,
or is connected through a gearing or otherwise, to at least two boring
tools, and the means functions to drive or advance the boring tools
along different axes.
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113 | WITH MEANS TO SIMULTANEOUSLY FEED AND ROTATE TOOL FROM A SINGLE MECHANICAL ELEMENT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means by which a boring tool is simultaneously
rotated and fed along the boring axis by a drive originating from
one mechanical movement.
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114 | . Constant rotation rate permitted regardless of (1) release of feed force, or (2) change in feed rate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Apparatus in which the mechanical movement, or means coupling
the mechanical movement to the rotary drive and/or feed
is adapted to rotate the tool at a uniform speed while permitting
(1) complete disconnection of the feed drive or (2) a change in
the speed at which the tool is being fed into the work.
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118 | . With feed anchor in earth wall being bored: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Apparatus in which a means is provided to anchor some part
of the feed means into the wall which is being bored, whereby the
anchor is adapted to directly resist the reactionary pull of the
feeding force.
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121 | . Rotary drive for relatively advancing feed screw: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Apparatus in which a feed screw moves axially relative to a means which is causing it to rotate. | |
122 | WITH MEANS TO FEED DRIVE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means to feed the tool drive means.
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135 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND MEANS TO IMPACT AN EARTH-PENETRATING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with an above ground hammer to deliver,
or cause to be delivered an impact or blow to an earth boring means.
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161 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND MEANS TO MOVE TOOL TO A DUMPING LOCATION OFFSET FROM BORE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means located above ground which is
adapted to shift a means lifting earth material from a borehole
to a position remote from the bore axis for the purpose of discharging
said material at said remote location.
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162 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND MEANS TO FEED TOOL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means necessarily located above ground
which functions to feed the tool in the boring operation.
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170 | WITH TOOL DRIVE PRIME MOVER OR ABOVE-GROUND MECHANICAL MOTION CONVERTING DRIVE MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means adapted to drive a boring tool
through recurring cycles comprising (1) a means commonly called
a motor which is adapted to convert a source of energy into simple
mechanical motion or (2) a means adapted to modify the direction,
location, or advantage relationship of simple mechanical motion
(e.g., gear or lever, etc.).
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171 | . With installing casing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus including a drive means for a tool which is particularly
adapted to installing a separate casing, or a means is specified
in addition to the tool drive means for the purpose of installing
a casing.
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172 | . With endless flexible conveyer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus including material transport elements mounted
to travel in a circuitous path on a flexible or articulated endless
means, and generally for the purpose of conveying cuttings above
ground.
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173 | . With diversely operated shafts extending into bore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in which means are provided to simultaneously or consecutively move in a different manner, plural shafts which extend into a bore; the shafts generally consist of two tool drive shafts, or a tool drive shaft and a tool actuating shaft. | |
189 | . Drive reciprocates tool: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in which the tool drive comprises a means to cause
substantially rectilinear to and from movement of the tool.
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195 | . Rotary drive for a relatively advancing tool (e.g., rotary table): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Apparatus in which the drive is of the type commonly called
a rotary table, such drive being adapted to remain relatively axially
fixed while the tool shaft being rotated thereby advances relative
to the rotary table.
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202 | ABOVE-GROUND MEANS FOR RELATIVELY MOVING BELOW-GROUND TOOL ELEMENTS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising the combination of a tool having relatively
movable tool elements and a means necessarily remaining outside
the mouth of the bore, which is adapted to be actuated to cause
relative movement between the tool elements, while the tool is located
within the bore.
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203 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND MEANS TO ADVANCE OR RETRACT BORING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means located above ground to move a
tool, shaft, or any other portion of the boring means in one direction
along the axis of the bore or (2) to counterbalance or offset a
portion of the weight resting on the tool.
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205 | WITH MEANS PROVIDING PRESSURIZED GAS CONTACT WITH DRILLING LIQUID: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means which are provided for bringing
a stream of gaseous fluid above atmospheric pressure into intimate
contact with a body of drilling liquid which liquid is intended
to be introduced or directed into a borehole.
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206 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND MEANS FOR PREPARING OR SEPARATING DRILLING FLUID CONSTITUENTS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including above ground means by which the drilling
fluid is (1) formed or acted upon prior to or during insertion into
the borehole to bring about a change in a physical or chemical property
or (2) acted upon after the fluid leaves the borehole to remove,
separate or subtract substances, including cuttings, from said fluid.
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207 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND MEANS FOR HANDLING DRILLING FLUID OR CUTTING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including means located outside the mouth of the
borehole to conduct or circulate drilling fluid or cuttings to or
from the borehole.
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208 | . Fluid spray: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus in which the means consists of a fluid spraying
means (e.g., nozzle, etc.) which emits fluid adjacent the mouth
of the borehole.
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209 | . Fluid or cuttings directing or receiving means engaging bore entrance: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus provided with means sealingly engageable with
the mouth of the bore and having means to receive a tool shaft therethrough and
adapted to (1) catch or contain material which is emerging from
the bore or (2) change the direction of movement or flow of material which
is emerging from the bore.
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210 | .. Anchored to bore wall: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Apparatus in which said means extends into the bore and is held in sealed engagement with the bore wall. | |
211 | .. Axially supported by tool shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Apparatus in which the collecting or diverting means is mounted on a tool shaft and means are provided to restrain the same against axial movement in one direction along said tool shaft. | |
212 | . Pressurized gas supply: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus including a means to provide a gas at above atmospheric
pressure for use in the borehole.
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213 | . With suction pump inlet communicating with bore bottom: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus including a pumping means, the low pressure side
or intake of which is in direct communication with the bottom of
the borehole.
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214 | . Fluid head on tool shaft having lateral port and axial passage with seal for means reciprocable in the head: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus comprising a tool shaft having a fluid head secured
to the end thereof located above ground said head being provided
with an axially extending passage which is intersected by a generally
perpendicular passage extending from the axially extending passage
to the exterior of the head, and having a seal located in the head
which is adapted to cooperate with a means movable through the axial
passage, or the perpendicular passage and one end of the axial passage.
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215 | . With tool shaft having plural passages for drilling fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus including a tool shaft which is provided with more than one fluid conduit through a substantial portion of its length. | |
216 | . Standpipe: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus including a substantially vertical conduit means which is usually either part of, attached to, or adjacent a derrick, and which is used to conduit fluid from a point located near ground level to a fluid handling element fixed at one end of an axially movable tool shaft. | |
217 | . With pump: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus including pump means adapted to cause the drilling
fluid to circulate.
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218 | . With valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Apparatus including valve means to stop or regulate the
flow of drilling fluid.
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219 | WITH PARTICULAR ACCOMMODATION FOR PERSONNEL (E.G., SEAT OR PROTECTOR): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the device is provided with a means to
support or shelter an attendant (e.g., a seat, platform or cover
means, etc.) or the device is provided with a safety means to protect
the attendant from injury (e.g., a hand guard, etc.).
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220 | WITH ABOVE-GROUND GUIDE FOR RELATIVELY ADVANCING TOOL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means located outside the bore entrance
which is adapted to remain relatively axially stationary and pilot
or direct a tool or means actuating or supporting a tool, as the
tool advances during the boring operation.
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226 | WITH SAMPLE COVERING OR COATING MEANS (1) DISPENSED INTO SAMPLE RECEIVER, OR (2) FLUENT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a substantially undisturbed sample of
the formation is covered or coated with (1) a material which is
fed into the sample receiver and applied to the sample as the sample
is being taken to enclose or form a cover therefor or (2) a fluent
material which is applied to the sample to enclose or coat a portion
thereof.
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227 | WITH STORAGE MEANS FOR BIT LUBRICANT CARRIED BY BIT OR SHAFT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the tool, tool shaft or tool housing
is provided with a means to retain and/or supply a friction
reducing fluid or grease to the cutter or formation disintegrating member
or a portion thereof (e.g., the bearings of a rolling cutter, etc.).
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228 | . With fluid pressure-actuated feed means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Apparatus in which the friction reducing fluid is supplied
or fed to the cutter or a portion thereof by a fluid pressure or
fluid flow operated means usually the fluid pressure or flow of the
drilling fluid.
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229 | . Rotation of bit actuates lubricant feed means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Apparatus in which the friction reducing fluid is supplied or fed to the cutter or portion thereof by means actuated by the rotation of the tool or the cutter. | |
230 | WITH EXPANSIBLE BORE WALL ANCHOR (E.G., PACKER): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which the tool, tool shaft or housing is provided
with a means which is adapted to expand laterally to engage the
wall of the borehole or casing to resist or prevent the movement
of the tool, tool shaft or housing or a portion thereof due to the
action of gravity or a lifting force.
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231 | WITH MEANS MOVABLE RELATIVE TO TOOL BELOW GROUND TO CONTROL ECCENTRIC FLUID EMISSION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means which is movable relative to a tool while the tool is below ground to change the direction of flow nonsymmetrically relative to the bore axis of fluid discharging from the tool, usually to alter the direction of boring. | |
232 | WITH MEANS MOVABLE RELATIVE TO TOOL BELOW GROUND TO STOP FLOW TOWARD BORE BOTTOM: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means which is movable below ground
relative to a tool or to a part of a tool, whereby the movable means
will substantially block the flow of material toward the bottom
of the bore, said movable means either blocking the bore, or a passage
in the tool or tool shaft.
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233 | . Movable to seal sample receiver at bore bottom pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in which the movable means seals, or cooperates
with another means to seal a sample collecting chamber at the pressure which
exists at the bottom of the bore.
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234 | . With longitudinally spaced valve seats: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in which at least two surfaces are spaced along
the bore axis, said surfaces being adapted to cooperate with relatively
movable flow stopping means.
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235 | .. Seat engaged to stop upward flow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus in which a surface or seat is engaged to stop
the flow of material away from the bore bottom.
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236 | . In sample receiver removable through below-ground tool shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in which the movable means is located in a means
to receive a sample of the formation (undisturbed core, cuttings,
etc.), and said sample receiving means is adapted to be taken above
ground while the shaft which drives the tool remains in the borehole.
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237 | . Means comprises dropped element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in which the movable means comprises an element
which is described as being released in the tool shaft after said
shaft is in the borehole to travel through a portion of said shaft
to flow stopping position.
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238 | . Flow-stopping means includes relatively movable cutter element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in which at least part of the relatively movable, flow stopping means comprises a cutter element. | |
239 | . With undisturbed core receiver: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus comprising the combination of a relatively movable,
flow stopping means and structure adapted to admit and substantially encompass
a cylinder of earth formation as it is being defined by an annular
type bit.
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240 | .. Movable means adapted to underlie severed core: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Apparatus in which the movable means is adapted to admit
the core of material to the core receiver, and then move to flow
stopping position to block movement of the core toward bore bottom.
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241 | . Stops flow by movement about fixed pivot: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in which the movable means is pivotally mounted to move from flow permitting to flow blocking position. | |
242 | .. Pivot transverse to tool axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Apparatus in which the pivot point comprises an axis which is substantially transverse to the axis along which the tool is forming a bore. | |
243 | . Resiliently biased or composed of flexible material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus in which (1) the movable means is held in a position by a resilient means such as spring or (2) the movable means is composed for flexible material such as rubber (e.g., flap valve, etc.). | |
244 | WITH MEANS MOVABLE RELATIVE TO TOOL TO RECEIVE, RETAIN, OR SEVER UNDISTURBED CORE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means which, during normal operation,
is displaceable or rotatable relative to the working face of a tool,
said means being adapted to have physical contact with a core of
material such as is formed by a core type bit to (1) accommodate
the core as it is formed, (2) grasp the core after it is formed, or
(3) cut or break the already formed core from the formation.
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245 | . Core bit closure relative upwardly movable by core: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Apparatus in which the movable means comprises an element
initially closing the core receiving opening in the tool, said means
being moved away from the working face of the tool as the core is
formed.
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246 | . Receiver removable through below-ground tool shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Apparatus in which the movable means comprises a structure
adapted to cooperate with a tool and hollow tool shaft to receive
a core as it is taken, said structure and core then being readily
lifted above ground through the center of the tool shaft while the
tool shaft remains in the borehole.
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247 | .. With fluid pressure-responsive means to remove receiver or operate latch: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Apparatus in which (1) a fluid pressure operated means or
surface is provided to move a core receiver toward above ground
or (2) a means latching the core barrel in the tool shaft is actuated
to engaged or released position by fluid pressure.
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248 | .. Core forming cutting edge or element on receiver: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Apparatus in which the core receiver is provided with a
cutting edge or element which is adapted to participate in the forming
of a core of undisturbed material.
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249 | . Core-retaining or severing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Apparatus in which the movable means comprises a means to
grasp or make a cut in the core after it has been formed.
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250 | .. Fluid-actuated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in which the core retaining or severing means
is moved from one position to another by fluid pressure or flow.
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251 | .. Actuated upon relative movement between tool and tool shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in which a relative movement between the tool
and tool shaft (1) moves the core retaining or severing means into
engagement with the core or (2) releases the core retaining or severing
means so that they can move into core engagement.
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252 | ... Relative rotary movement: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Apparatus in which the core retaining or severing means
move into core engagement upon relative rotational movement between
the tool and tool shaft.
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253 | .. With element holding retaining or severing means inactive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus including a means to positively hold the core
retaining or severing means out of core contact position until a
certain condition or manipulation takes place, said holding means generally
being deactivated upon the formation of a substantial length of
core.
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254 | .. Mounted on transverse pivot: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in which the retaining or severing means moves
toward the longitudinal axis of the core by swinging movement about
a pivot axis which is substantially transverse to the longitudinal
axis of the core.
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255 | .. Sliding wedge type (e.g., slips): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in which the retaining or severing means is moved
toward the longitudinal axis of the core due to wedge like action
upon relative bodily longitudinal sliding movement between surfaces
on the retaining or severing means and the tool.
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256 | WITH RELEASABLE MEANS NORMALLY HOLDING JOINTED SHAFT SECTIONS IN ANGULAR RELATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a tool shaft having sections which
are joined together by means permitting relative movement transverse
to the longitudinal axis thereof, as by pivoting, and a means which
normally holds the two sections of shafting in their angular or
bent condition and which may be rendered inoperable to permit the
two shaft sections to assume in aligned position.
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257 | TOOL REMOVABLE OR INSERTABLE THROUGH OR AROUND DRIVING OR DRIVEN SHAFT OR CASING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a tool and a shaft or casing to drive
the tool or be driven by the tool, said tool being adapted to be
connected to or disconnected from driving relation with the shaft
or casing by movement either (1) through the inside of said shaft
or casing or (2) externally of the shaft or casing in the space between
the shaft or casing and the bore wall, the movement of the tool
being to or from a position below ground while the shaft or casing is
in the borehole and without the removal of the latter from the borehole.
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258 | . Laterally shiftable cutter element movable through shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Apparatus in which the tool comprises a laterally shiftable cutter element (as defined in subclass 263) movable through the inside of a tubular shaft. | |
259 | .. Plural cutter elements longitudinally relatively movable into transverse alignment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Apparatus in which a plurality of cutter elements are movable
through the shaft, said cutter elements being movable relative to
each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft
to an operative position in which the cutting edges of the cutter
elements lie in the same transverse plane perpendicular to the longitudinal
axis of the shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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260 | .. Cutter element engages torque transmitting abutment on shaft when expanded: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Apparatus in which the shaft has an element or portion having
a surface which extends substantially longitudinally and radially
of the shaft and which is engaged by a portion of the cutter element
so that rotary motion about the shaft axis may be transmitted from
the shaft to the cutter element or from the cutter element to the
shaft.
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261 | ... With additional torque transmitting abutment on bit head and shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Apparatus in which the cutter element is carried by a bit head and the shaft and bit head are also provided with mutually engaging drive transmitting surfaces which transmit torque between the shaft and bit head. | |
262 | . Tool movable exteriorly of shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Apparatus in which the tool is movable to operative position
by moving externally of the shaft in the space between the shaft
and the bore wall.
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263 | CUTTER ELEMENT LATERALLY SHIFTABLE BELOW GROUND (E.G., EXPANSIBLE): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a cutter element carried on a shaft
or bit head by means which permits or causes the cutter element
to move relative to the shaft or bit head in a direction transverse
to the bore axis while the shaft or bit head and cutter element
are below ground.
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264 | . With separable means holding tool collapsed above ground only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the cutter element moves outwardly from
the shaft axis to operative position and a means is provided which
is detachable from the cutter element or bit head and which is temporarily
attached to the cutter element above ground to hold the cutter element in
an inward or collapsed position, usually to facilitate insertion
of the cutter element in the borehole, said means being removed
and remaining above ground when the cutter element is placed in
the borehole.
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265 | . Plural cutter elements longitudinally relative movable into transverse alignment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which a plurality of cutter elements are provided,
said cutter elements being movable relative to each other in the
direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft to an operative
position in which the cutting edges of the cutter elements lie in
the same transverse plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis
of the shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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266 | . Plural selectively shiftable cutter elements: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which a plurality of laterally movable cutter elements are provided and means are also provided which permits one of said cutter elements to move laterally while another laterally movable cutter element is temporarily held against such movement. | |
271 | . With latch operated by fluid pressure or dropped element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is held in one position, either expanded or collapsed, by a movable
latch member, said latch member being moved by (1) a fluid under
pressure acting against the latch or a part connected thereto or
(2) engaging a part which is specifically described as being dropped
from above ground to an operative position below ground.
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267 | . Cutter element shifted by fluid pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is moved laterally by means of a fluid under pressure acting against
the cutter element or a below ground part attached thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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268 | .. With dropped element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Apparatus in which a part is provided which is specifically
described as being dropped from above ground to an operative position
below ground, said part functioning to cause operation of the fluid
shifting means, for example, by (1) operating a latch, (2) providing
a fluid reacting surface or (3) operating a valve or other means
to permit movement of the cutter element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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269 | .. Fluid pressure acts against spring biased part: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element or part acted on by the pressure fluid is also acted upon by a resilient means urging the cutter element or part in a direction opposite to that exerted by the pressure fluid. | |
270 | . Cutter element shifted by dropped element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is moved laterally by means of a part which is specifically described
as being dropped from above ground to an operative position below
ground.
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272 | . Cutter element shifted by relatively longitudinally movable threaded elements: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element is connected to a pair of elements having cooperating screw threaded portions, said elements being relatively movable in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft due to the action of the screw threads to cause the cutter element to move laterally. | |
273 | . Cutter element shifted by cam or gear axially rotatable relative to shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is connected to a cam or gear which is mounted to rotate about an
axis substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of the shaft
so that relative movement of the cam or gear and the shaft about
said axis will cause the cutter element to move laterally relative
to the shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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274 | . With shifting mechanism spring biased to operative position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is moved by a mechanism which is biased by a resilient means to
move the cutter element to its operative position.
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275 | .. With separate latch: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Apparatus combined with a movable member which is separate
from the laterally movable cutter element and which engages the
cutter element or some part of the resiliently biased mechanism
to hold the cutter element in one position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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276 | ... Frangible or discardable element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Apparatus in which the movable latch member comprises a
part which is destructible or discarded so that the part is used
only one time.
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277 | ... Latch holds mechanism retracted: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Apparatus in which the movable latch member acts to hold the laterally movable cutter element in an inoperative or noncutting position. | |
278 | .... Latch return shifting mechanism to inoperative position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Apparatus in which the movable latch member also acts on
the mechanism to cause the mechanism to be moved to its inactive
or inoperative position to permit retraction of the cutter element.
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279 | .. Cam or gear means movable to shift cutter element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Apparatus in which the shaft or bit head is provided with
a cam or gear element other than the cutter element which is movable
thereon, said element having a portion which engages the laterally
movable cutter element or a part connected thereto to cause the
cutter element to be moved.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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280 | ... With forwardly extending noncutting portion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 279. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is carried on a bit head or shaft which has a portion extending
inwardly toward the axis of the shaft and forward of the cutter
element in the direction of boring and which has no cutting function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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281 | .. Cutter element substantially longitudinally movable on shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is carried on the bit head or shaft so that the cutter element is
bodily movable generally longitudinally relative to the bit head
or shaft to cause movement of the cutter element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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282 | ... Plural elements expanded into single socket: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus comprising a plurality of laterally movable cutter elements which move outwardly from the longitudinal axis of the bit head or shaft to operative position and a single socket or recess on the bit head or shaft which receives in abutting relation a portion of each cutter element when they have been moved to operative position. | |
283 | ... With forwardly extending noncutting portion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is carried on a bit head or shaft which has a portion extending
inwardly toward the axis of the bit and forward of the cutter element in
the direction of boring and which has no cutting function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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284 | . Cutter element shifted by longitudinally relatively movable parts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the cutter element is moved laterally
by the relative bodily movement of a plurality of parts carried
by the bit head or shaft, which parts move relative to each other
in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
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285 | .. Toggle or linkage between movable parts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element is moved by a link or element which is pivotally connected to the cutter element and one of the relatively longitudinally movable parts. | |
286 | .. Cam or gear engaging cutter element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Apparatus in which one of the relatively longitudinally
movable parts comprises the transversely movable cutter element
and another of the parts comprises a cam or gear element having
a portion engaging the cutter element so that as the parts move
longitudinally relative to each other the cutter element will be
moved transversely of the bit head.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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287 | ... With separate latch holding cutter element in shifted position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus combined with a movable member which is separate
from the laterally movable cutter element or the cam or gear and
which engages a portion of the movable parts to hold the cutter
element in the position in which it is displaced laterally of the
bit head the maximum distance from the longitudinally axis of the
bit head or shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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288 | ... Cutter element substantially longitudinally movable on shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is carried on the bit head or shaft so that the cutter element moves
generally longitudinally relative to the bit head or shaft to cause
the movement of the cutter element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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289 | ... Cutter element spring biased to retracted position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is resiliently urged to move laterally of the bit head or shaft
in the direction in which the cutter element would be in an inoperative or
noncutting position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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290 | . With latch: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus combined with a movable member which engages the
laterally movable cutter element to hold it in one position.
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291 | . Spring biased: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is resiliently urged to move laterally of the shaft axis.
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292 | . Pivoted about substantially longitudinal axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Apparatus in which the laterally movable cutter element
is pivotally mounted on the bit head or shaft to swing about an
axis which substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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293 | BELOW-GROUND (1) HAMMER, OR (2) IMPACT MEMBERS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) a reciprocable member positioned
below ground adapted to cause a sudden jar shock or hammer below
to the boring apparatus or (2) two telescoping members positioned
below ground which members are capable of axial reciprocation with
respect to each other and are provided with means to limit said
reciprocation, the means for limiting reciprocation being for the purpose
of causing an impact or hammer blow or jar to the boring apparatus
or a portion thereof.
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294 | . Combined with safety joint: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus combined with a joint between two parts which may be selectively uncoupled below ground independently of other joints in the apparatus, such that one part may be left in the bore while the other part is withdrawn therefrom. | |
295 | . With noncutting portion forwardly of sleeve impact member having a cutting portion (e.g., reamer): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which the hammer or impact device comprises
an outer sleeve provided with cutting edges and mounted for longitudinal sliding
movement on a shaft, said shaft having a portion extending forwardly
of said sleeve which has a noncutting function.
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296 | . Fluid-operated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which (1) the hammer or impact device is acted
upon and propelled by a body of fluid to deliver a blow (2) a body
of fluid acts directly upon the hammer or impact device, or on holding
means therefor to restrain said device against movement, and means
to relieve the device or holding means from the influence of the
restraining fluid to deliver a blow or (3) a means for holding the
hammer or impact device against movement is released by a body of
fluid to deliver a blow.
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297 | .. Restricted orifice for initially delaying escape of restraining fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Apparatus in which said relieving means comprises a restricted orifice through which said fluid may escape when placed under pressure to allow unrestrained movement of said hammer or impact device after a predetermined amount of said fluid has escaped. | |
298 | . Continuous unidirectional rotary motion of one telescoping member effects consecutive impacts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which the telescoping members are provided
with means which cooperate to cause repetitive reciprocation of
said members relative to each other when one member is continuously
turned in the same direction about its axis.
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299 | . Resiliently biased: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which an elastic member acts upon the hammer
or impact device to urge said hammer or impact device toward or
away from a jarring position.
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300 | . With releasable means to detachably retain telescoping members against axial reciprocation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which means are provided on one of the telescoping members for engaging and holding the other member against axial movement with said reciprocation limiting means in spaced relation, said holding means being selectively releasable to allow relative axial movement between the members. | |
301 | .. Frangible: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Apparatus in which said holding means comprises an element
which is destructible so that said element is used only one time.
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302 | .. Condition for release adjustable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Apparatus in which the holding means is adjustable to vary the manner in which the holding means may be released or the force required to effect release of the holding means. | |
303 | ... Adjustable below ground: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Apparatus in which the adjustment may be effected while the device is in position to perform its intended function within the bore. | |
304 | .. Resiliently biased latch: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Apparatus in which said holding means is held in operative position by means of an elastic element. | |
305 | . Telescoping members relatively rotatable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Apparatus in which the telescoping members are so arranged
that they may freely rotate relative to each other.
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306 | .. With means to couple members to prevent relative rotation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Apparatus in which selectively engageable means are provided on the telescoping members for transmitting rotary motion from one member to the other. | |
307 | WITH CUTTING EDGE COVER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a means provided to fit over and protect
a cutting edge of a bit or cutter element from being damaged or
inflicting damage only while the bit or cutter element is not in
use, such means being necessarily removed or destroyed either before
or simultaneously with the commencement of boring.
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308 | WITH RECEPTACLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a receptacle means having a bottom and
side walls for retaining or collecting fluent material and/or
junk.
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309 | . Removable or insertable through below-ground tool shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Apparatus in which the receptacle means may be inserted
in and withdrawn from a hollow tool shaft at any time during operation
of the boring means.
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310 | . With helical conveyer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Apparatus in which the receptacle is provided with a conveyor
or feed screw.
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311 | . Suspended below bit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Apparatus in which the receptacle is suspended in a preformed hole below the cutting portion of the tool. | |
312 | . Sieve or strainer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Apparatus in which the receptacle is either porous or is
provided with apertures.
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313 | WITH MECHANICAL CLEANER FOR BIT OR CUTTER ELEMENT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a structure is supported or moved relative
to a bit or cutter element so that it will strip, wipe, scrape,
or break up adhering accumulations of mud or cuttings from a bit
or cutter element.
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314 | WITH WELL-TYPE SCREEN: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus combined with means for separating solids from
earth fluid flowing into a well conduit.
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315 | COMBINED: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus claimed in combination with features other than
means to transmit motion to the formation penetrating means, or
means to remove cuttings from the bore, or means to conduct fluid
to the earth penetrating means and not provided for in any of the
preceding subclasses.
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316 | WITH RELATIVELY MOVABLE PARTS TO FACILITATE CLEANING WITHOUT DISASSEMBLY: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having parts or portions which are connected together
in such a manner as to be movable relative to each other without
being completely separated to permit the removal of cuttings from
the apparatus.
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317 | WITH MEANS MOVABLE RELATIVE TO TOOL OR SHAFT TO CONTROL BELOW-GROUND PASSAGE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus in which a tool or tool shaft is provided with
a passage and means movable relative to said tool or tool shaft
for regulating or controlling the flow of fluent material through
said passage while the tool or tool shaft is positioned below ground.
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318 | . Valve prevents upward flow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Apparatus in which the means comprises a subsurface valve
so mounted in the tool or tool shaft as to prevent the upward flow
of fluent material in the tool or tool shaft.
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319 | BELOW-GROUND MECHANICAL MOTION CONVERTING MEANS RELATIVELY MOVING PLURAL CUTTING EDGES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising a plurality of cutting edges and a
mechanical linkage or gearing which is located below ground and
which is connected to the cutting edges to cause the cutting edges
to move relative to each other.
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320 | WITH TOOL SHAFT DETAIL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including particulars of a tool shaft.
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321 | . Axially telescoping shaft section: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Apparatus in which separate sections of tool shafting cooperate
with one another so as to be slidably extensible or collapsible
(e.g., one section slidable within a second section) and including
below ground tool advancing devices such as fluid operated expansible
chamber feed means.
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322 | .. Telescoping motion related to relative axial rotation or oscillation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Apparatus in which the sections of shafting include means
acting between the sections so that the collapsing motion is accompanied
by relative motion of the sections about the axis of the shafting
(e.g., axial rotation or axial oscillation, etc.).
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323 | . Helix or helically arranged structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Apparatus including structure other than the structure of
a bit providing a helix or portions arranged in a helical manner.
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324 | . Means other than tool structure to induce fluent flow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Apparatus including structure other than the structure of
the tool which is specifically adapted to cause the circulation
of flowable material (e.g., cuttings or drilling fluid, etc.) within
the tool shaft or borehole.
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325.1 | . Shaft carried guide or protector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Apparatus in which a means on the tool shaft directs, positions,
or shields a drillstring or a portion thereof.
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325.2 | .. Coupled between shaft sections or bit and shaft section: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325.1. Apparatus where the guide or protecting means is (1) a discrete device connecting two axially spaced shaft sections or (2) a shaft section and a bit in which the tool shaft or portion is specifically adapted to hold the bore wall guide or protector means. | |
325.3 | ... With bore wall engaging means rotatable relative to shaft section (e.g., with bearings): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325.2. Apparatus where a borehole contacting device is mounted
on the shaft section in a manner that allows the shaft section to
rotate while the guide or protector means is substantially fixed in
the borehole.
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325.4 | ... Having removable inserts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325.2. Apparatus where a bore wall contacting portion is readily placed in or removed from a slot or an aperture in the guide or protector means. | |
325.5 | .. Surrounding existing shaft section: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325.1. Apparatus where the guide or protector encircles and is secured to the shaft. | |
325.6 | ... Held by a fastener parallel to shaft axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325.5. Apparatus where the guide or protector means encircles and is fixed to the shaft by a securing means having a longitudinal axis equidistant to the longitudinal axis of the tool shaft. | |
325.7 | ... Held by discrete fastening means tangential to shaft axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325.5. Apparatus where the guide or protector means encircles and is fixed to the shaft by a securing means having a longitudinal axis that touches a single point of a planar circle whose center is the longitudinal axis of the tool shaft. | |
326 | .. Engaging means advances in adjacent hole: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325.1. Apparatus in which at least a portion of the guide means advances with the tool, and is described as larger than the area of bore being formed so that the advance is guided by a surface (generally a performed bore) that is laterally spaced from the bore currently being formed by the tool. | |
327 | BIT OR BIT ELEMENT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus comprising (1) a tool having a cutter element
or cutting edge which is disclosed as specifically adapted to mechanically contact
and selectively cut, disintegrate or dislocate portions of masonry,
stone, rock or earth formations to form or enlarge a hole or bore therein
or (2) subcombinations of such a tool not otherwise classified.
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331 | . Rolling cutter bit or rolling cutter bit element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus comprising a rotary bit in which a cutter element
or carrier for a fixed cutter is rotatably mounted thereon so that
the cutter element or carrier may roll or tend to roll on a surface
of the bore as the bit is rotated.
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332 | .. Core forming-type bit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element or a fixed
cutting edge of the bit is so arranged that the bit makes an annular
cut in the formation and leaves a central undisturbed portion of the
formation in the form of a cylinder.
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333 | ... With core-breaking means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Apparatus in which the bit is further provided with means
to disintegrate the undisturbed cylindrical portion of the formation
after it has been formed.
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334 | .. Bit with leading cutter forming smaller diameter initial bore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element or a fixed
cutting edge of the bit forms a first bore of definable diameter,
and a trailing rolling cutter or fixed cutting edge increases the diameter
of the first bore so that the boring outline of the bit will describe
at least one peripheral axial step.
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335 | ... Leading fixed cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Apparatus in which the leading cutter or pilot comprises a cutter element or cutting edge other than a rolling cutter element or portion thereof. | |
336 | .. Rolling cutter bit with fixed cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the bit includes a cutter element or
cutting edge other than a rolling cutter element or portion thereof.
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337 | .. With drilling fluid supply to bearing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the cutter element is rotatably mounted
on a bearing and in which drilling fluid is supplied to the bearing
to clean, cool or lubricate such bearing.
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338 | .. With rotary or endless carrier: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is rotatably
mounted on an endless or rotary carrier so that both the rolling
cutter element and the carrier may roll or tend to roll on a surface of
the bore as the bit is rotated.
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339 | .. With drilling fluid conduit details: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with a particular
nozzle, passage or conduit to supply drilling fluid to the cutting
edge of the rolling cutter element or to the surface of the formation
being disintegrated.
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340 | ... Fluid conduit lining or element (e.g., slush tube or nozzle): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Apparatus in which the means to supply drilling fluid comprises
(1) a coated or treated passage or (2) a distinct element which
is limited in use to conducting, directing, or blocking the drilling
fluid.
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341 | .. Plural rolling cutters with intermeshing teeth: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with a plurality
of rolling cutter elements which cutter elements are provided with
cutting edges arranged in circumferential rows about each cutter
element, and which rows are positioned on each of the cutter elements
so that the cutting edges of one row interfit the cutting edges of
an adjacent cutter element row.
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342 | .. Adjustable cutter element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which means are provided to selectively hold
the rolling cutter element in different positions with respect to
the bit head.
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343 | .. Wobbling cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which (1) the rolling cutter element is mounted
on an axis which is spaced from, or inclined to the geometric axis
of the cutter or cutting edge, or (2) in which the rolling cutter
element is loosely held on its rotary supporting means so that it
may continually shift laterally as it rolls.
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344 | .. Noncutting portion forwardly of rolling cutter (e.g., reamer): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is carried
on a bit having a portion extending inwardly toward the axis of
the bit and forwardly of the cutter element in the direction of boring
and which has no cutting function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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345 | ... Longitudinal axis cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is mounted
on the bit head on an axis which extends in the same general direction
as the axis of the bit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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346 | .... Separable support for cutter axle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Apparatus wherein the rolling cutter element is mounted
on an axle which is supported on the bit by means of two or more
spaced readily detachable supporting devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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347 | .... Removable axle or bushing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Apparatus wherein the rolling cutter element is mounted
on an axle or bushing which is removably fastened to the bit by
a means which is readily detachable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
348 | .. Longitudinal axis cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is mounted
on the bit head on an axis which extends in the same general direction
as the axis of the bit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||
349 | ... With transverse axis cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 348. Apparatus in which an additional rolling cutter element is mounted on an axis extending transversely of the bit head. | |
350 | .. Laterally offset cutter axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the axis of the rolling cutter element
is offset from a radial vertical plane containing the longitudinal
axis of the bit.
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351 | ... Disk blade: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element comprises
a cutting wheel having a smooth, unbroken, sharpened, cutting edge
at its periphery.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||
352 | .... Plural coaxial cutters: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Apparatus in which an additional rolling cutter element
is mounted generally coaxially with the disk cutter.
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353 | ... Cone or frustum rolling cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element comprises an axially elongated roller which tapers in diameter along its axis. | |
354 | .. Axle rotatable with cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is provided
with a rotatably mounted supporting member which is integral therewith
or fixed thereto to rotate therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
355 | .. Circumferentially displaced cutter axes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus comprising a plurality of rolling cutter elements in which the axis of one cutter element lies in a diametric plane containing the bit axis while the axis of another cutter element is disposed in a plane which is displaced from said diametric plane through an angle measured in a plane perpendicular to the bit axis. | |
356 | ... Stub axle only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Apparatus in which all of the cutter elements are journaled on a separate axle or pin supported at one end only in cantilever fashion. | |
357 | ... Detachable multiaxis support or spider: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Apparatus in which all of the cutter elements are journaled on a separate axle or pin supported by a frame, bracket, or securing means which is readily detachable from the bit head in such manner that all of the axles or pins may be detached simultaneously. | |
358 | ... Mutually contacting cutter supports: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Apparatus in which all of the cutter elements are journaled
on a separate axle or pin which intersect, abut, or otherwise engage
each other under the bit head so as to support or brace each other.
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359 | .... With bearing or seal details: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Apparatus provided with a specific bearing or seal structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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360 | .. Cross axle with stub axle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus comprising a plurality of rolling cutter elements
and in which one cutter is journaled on an axle or pin disposed
transversely of the bit axis and which axle or pin is supported at
spaced points and another rolling cutter element is journaled on
an axle or pin supported at one end only and extending in cantilever
fashion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
361 | .. Cross axle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is journaled
on an axle or pin disposed transversely of the bit axis and which
axle or pin is supported at spaced points.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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362 | ... Vertically disaligned cross axle sections: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Apparatus comprising a plurality of rolling cutter elements
disposed on axes which extend in a single diametric plane through
the bit, and which are (1) angularly related to each other within
the plane, or (2) offset vertically from each other within the plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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363 | ... Separable supports: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Apparatus in which (1) one or more of the spaced supporting
devices for the cross axle are readily detachable from the bit head
to release the axle or (2) the bit head consists of plural mating
sections which are readily detachable from each other to release
the cross axle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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364 | ... Removable cross axle or bushing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Apparatus in which the axle is in the form of a pin, bearing
or bushing which is removably fastened to the bit head by a means
which is readily detached.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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365 | .. Outwardly directed stub axle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is journaled
on axle or pin which is supported at its inner end only in cantilever
fashion and extends radially away from the center of the bit head.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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366 | .. Separable support for stub axle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is journaled
on an axle or pin supported at one end only in cantilever fashion
on an arm, leg or bracket which is removably connected to the rest
of the bit head by a means which is readily detachable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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367 | .. Detachable stub axle, bushing or bearing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is journaled
on an axle or pin supported at one end only in cantilever fashion,
said axle or pin being either (1) readily detachable, or (2) provided
with a bearing or bushing which is readily detachable therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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368 | ... Releasable cutter securing device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Apparatus in which means are provided to secure the cutter
element to the removable axle, pin, bushing or bearing and which
is releasable to free the cutter element after the removal of the
axle, pin, bushing or bearing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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369 | .. Stub axle cutter securing means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is journaled
on an axle or pin, supported at one end only in cantilever fashion
and provided with a particular means to rotatably secure the rolling
cutter element with respect to the axle or pin.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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370 | ... Released by antifriction bearing disassembly: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 369. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is journaled on the axle or pin by a bearing having rolling elements which may be removed from their races to provided for removal of the rolling cutter element. | |
371 | .. With bearing or seal details: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus provided with a specific bearing or seal structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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372 | ... Antifriction type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Apparatus in which the bearing is an antifriction bearing
employing rolling elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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373 | .. Disk cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element comprises
a wheel having an unbroken, sharpened cutting edge portion at its
periphery.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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374 | .. Specific or diverse material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the bit or any portion thereof is composed
of (1) two or more different materials, (2) a single material which
has been treated to provide portions of the bit with specific properties
which properties are different from the properties of another portion
or (3) a specific material.
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375 | ... Welded: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Apparatus in which portions of the bit are connected together
by (1) heating the parts to a plastic or fluid state and allowing
the metals to flow together with or without the addition of other
molten metal or (2) connecting the parts by means of melted or fluid
metal (e.g., solder).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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376 | .. Nonsymmetrical bit (e.g., nontracking): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the external physical form or shape of
the bit is such that the bit has (1) no more than one plane of bilateral
symmetry passing through a line coinciding with the longitudinal
axis of the drive shaft for the bit and (2) no radial symmetry about
an axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft for
the bit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||||||||
377 | .. Spiral rib or tooth row: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element is provided with a portion which has a cutting edge or edges arranged along a line or series of lines extending around the circumference of the element and simultaneously extending in a direction along the axis of the cutter element (e.g., helical). | |
378 | .. Irregular tooth cutter row: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Apparatus in which the rolling cutter element has (1) a
row of circumferential cutting edges of nonuniform size, shape,
or pitch or other cutting edge arrangements (e.g., spacing, etc.) which
are adapted to prevent repeated engagement or "tracking" of
the cutting edges with the same point on the earth formation or
(2) a plurality of circumferential rows of cutting edges and in
which there is an abrupt change in shape or pitch between adjacent
rows.
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379 | . Cutting edge self-renewable during operation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with (1) relatively
movable parts which are adapted to move during operation to provide
a new cutting edge or (2) a body in the form of repeating similar
structure extending longitudinally of the bit such that a new cutting
edge is provided when the original cutter edge becomes worn.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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380 | . Unsupported abrading particle type (e.g., shot): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is particularly adapted to receive
and restrain unsupported abrasive particles between its outer end
and the bore bottom, said particles forming the cutting edge of
the bit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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381 | . Cutting edges relatively longitudinally movable during operation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with a plurality
of cutter elements or cutting edges which elements or edges are
connected to the bit in such a manner as to permit axial movement
of one cutter element or cutting edge relative to another during
normal operation of the bit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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382 | . Adjustable cutter element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with a movable cutter
element and means to selectively hold said cutter element in different
positions with respect to the bit head.
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383 | .. Adjustment presents different cutting edge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Apparatus in which the cutter element may be selectively
held in different positions for the purpose of placing a different
cutting edge in operative position for engaging the formation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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384 | .. Radially adjustable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Apparatus in which the cutter element is adapted to be selectively
held in different positions for the purpose of increasing the circular outline
of the cutting edge as the bit is rotated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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385 | . Bit with leading portion (e.g., pilot) forming smaller diameter initial bore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with a leading or
pilot cutting edge or portion which forms a first bore of definable
diameter, and a trailing cutting edge which increases the diameter
of the first bore so that the boring outline of the bit will describe
at least one peripheral axial step.
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386 | .. Leading portion is separable starter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus in which the leading or pilot portion comprises
a readily removable starter element for cooperating with the trailing
portion to form a shallow, accurately positioned bore, the trailing
portion then being described as usable independently of the starter
element to continue the boring operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
387 | .. Leading portion is core forming type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus in which the leading or pilot portion has a cutter
element or cutting edge so arranged that the bit makes an annular
cut in the formation, leaving a central undisturbed portion of the
formation in the form of a cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
388 | .. Leading portion is a screw: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus in which the leading or pilot portion describes
a helical convolution, said convolution extending through at least
180°.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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389 | .. Impact type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus in which the cutting edges of the bit are of the
type which disintegrate the formation by percussive action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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390 | ... Plural larger diameter steps: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 389. Apparatus in which the cutting edges of the impact bit are arranged so that the boring outline of the bit will describe at least two peripheral axial steps. | |
391 | .. Plural larger diameter steps: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus in which the cutting edges of the bit are arranged
so that the boring outline of the bit will describe at least two
peripheral axial steps.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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392 | .. Leading portion is forked rotary type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Apparatus comprising a rotary bit in which the leading or
pilot portion is provided with two or more axially extending branches
terminating in cutting edges.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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393 | . With fluid conduit lining or element (e.g., slush tube): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with means to conduct
fluid comprising (1) a coated or treated passage or (2) a distinct
element which is limited in use to fluid conducting, directing or
blocking a fluid passage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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394 | . With helical-conveying portion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provide with a screw shaped
surface extending axially thereof for conveying cuttings away from
the end of the bit, said screw shaped surface extending through
a convolution of at least 180°.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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395 | .. Impact type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 394. Apparatus in which the cutting edge of the bit is of the
type which is adapted to disintegrate the formation by percussive
action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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396 | . Axially parallel side wall with transverse cuttings retaining portion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit includes a portion laterally
spaced from the axis of the bit, and substantially parallel to said
axis, and another portion substantially perpendicular to said first portion,
said other portion extending from said first portion toward said
axis, said portions being specifically described as adapted to lift cut
material from the borehole.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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397 | . Forked rotary nontracking: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus comprising a rotary type bit having a plurality
of axially extending cutter elements or cutting edges which elements
or edges contact the bottom of the bore and are spaced radially
different distances from the longitudinal axis of rotation so that
as the bit is rotated a portion of a cutter element or cutting edge engages
a portion of the bore bottom not engaged by any other cutter element
or cutting edge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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398 | . Nonsymmetrical bit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the external physical form or shape of
the bit is such that the bit has (1) no more than one plane of bilateral
symmetry passing through a line coinciding with the longitudinal
axis of the drive shaft for the bit and (2) no radial symmetry about
an axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft for
the bit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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399 | .. With bore wall engaging guide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with means engaging
the wall of the bore being formed to position the bit or direct
its course.
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400 | .. Nonsymmetrical arrangement of opening for cuttings or fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with one or more
openings to permit the ingress or egress of either fluid or formation
cuttings, the arrangement of the opening or openings with respect
to the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft for the bit being nonsymmetrical
both bilaterally and radially as required by the definition of subclass
398.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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401 | . Cutting edges facing in opposite axial directions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with longitudinally spaced cutting edges, the cutting edges at one spacing facing in one axial direction and the cutting edges at a different spacing facing in the opposite axial direction of the bit. | |
402 | . Casing shoe type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is of the type commonly called "casing
shoe", and which is adapted to be positioned on the end
of a tubular conduit to facilitate the entry of such conduit into
a preformed bore by reaming or cutting any projections on the bore
wall by means of cutting edges provided on said shoe.
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403 | . Core forming type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the cutter element or cutting edge of
the bit is so arranged that the bit makes an annular cut in the
formation and leaves a central undisturbed portion of the formation
in the form of a cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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404 | .. With core-breaking means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Apparatus in which the bit is further provided with means
to disintegrate the undisturbed cylindrical portion of the formation
after it has been formed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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405 | .. Impact or percussion type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Apparatus in which the cutting edge of the bit is of the
type which is adapted to disintegrate the formation by a forceful
contact or a repetitive striking action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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405.1 | .. Includes diamond: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Apparatus in which the cutter element or cutting edge of the bit contains the very hard crystalline form of the element carbon. | |
406 | . Noncutting portion forwardly of cutting portion (e.g., reamer): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the cutter element or cutting edge is
carried on a bit which has a portion extending inwardly towards
the axis of the bit and forwardly of the cutter element or cutting edge
in the direction of boring and which has no cutting function.
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407 | .. Impact type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Apparatus in which the cutting edge of the bit is of the
type which is adapted to disintegrate the formation by percussive
action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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408 | . With bit guide or bore wall compacting device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus provided with (1) means on the bit for centralizing
or stabilizing the bit in the bore or (2) a device to smooth or
compress together the material which makes up the wall surface of
the bore.
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412 | . Plural separable cutter elements: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with two or more
cutter elements, said elements being detachably secured to the bit
head.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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413 | .. Independently attachable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Apparatus in which each cutter element can be separately
attached or detached from the bit head without attaching or detaching
the other elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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414 | . Impact or percussion type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the cutting edge of the bit is of the
type which is adapted to disintegrate the formation by a forceful
contact or a repetitive striking action.
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415 | .. Combined with rotary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Apparatus in which the cutting edge is formed to disintegrate
the formation as a result of simultaneous rotary and a forceful
contact or a repetitive striking action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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416 | .. Noncircular bore cutter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Apparatus in which the bit is formed so as to normally cut
a hole which is noncircular in cross section.
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417 | .. With internal-fluid passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with a drilling fluid
passage enclosed within the body of the bit and having an inlet
or exhaust port opening to the outside of the bit.
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418 | ... Plural openings: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Apparatus in which the passage has a plurality of inlet or exhaust ports. | |
419 | ... Cruciform: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Apparatus comprising a plurality of cutting edges which lie in perpendicular planes intersecting at a line coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the bit. | |
420 | .. Cruciform: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Apparatus comprising a plurality of cutting edges which
lie in perpendicular planes intersecting at a line coinciding with
the longitudinal axis of the bit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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420.1 | .. Insert: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Apparatus in which the cutting edge of the bit is formed of a relatively small element of abrasive resistant material which is inserted in a slot or aperture in the bit and secured therein. | |
420.2 | ... Includes diamond: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 420.1. Structure including diamond as a specific material. | |
421 | . Symmetrical forked rotary type (e.g., fishtail): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus comprising a rotary type bit provided with at
least two axially extending branches terminating in cutting edges,
the configuration of said axially extending branches and cutting
edges being such that (1) more than one plane of bilateral symmetry
may be passed through an axis coinciding with the rotary axis of
the bit or (2) radial symmetry is presented about an axis coinciding
with the rotary axis of the bit.
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328 | . Magnetized or with magnet: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit is provided with a magnet or
with a magnetized portion.
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425 | . Specific or diverse material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Apparatus in which the bit or any portion thereof is composed
of either (1) two different materials, (2) a single material which
has been treated to provide portions of the bit with specific properties
which are different from the properties of another portion or (3)
a particular material to which significance is attributed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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426 | .. Insert: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Apparatus in which the cutting edge of the bit is a relatively small element of abrasion resistant material which is at least partially enclosed within a slot or aperture in the bit and secured therein. | |
427 | ... For a mine roof drill bit type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Apparatus where the insert is in a cutting tooth secured with connecting means to a cutter head for obtaining solid state valuable minerals. | |
428 | ... Preformed cutting element (e.g., compact) mounted on a distinct support (e.g., blank, stud, shank): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Structure where the insert comprises an earth contacting portion that is fixed to a backing or substructure which is then placed in the bit aperture. | |
429 | .... Including a nozzle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Structure which is combined with a fluid spraying means. | |
430 | .... Having a noncircular or nonplanar cutting face: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Structure in which the earth contacting portions either
(1) defines a line or curve which is other than circular or (2)
includes points which are not coplanar.
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431 | .... Having a particular orientation or location: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Structure where significance is attributed to (1) the compact"s
alignment or (2) the arrangement of both the compact and support.
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432 | .... With support detail: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Structure in which significance is attributed to a structural feature of the backing or substructure portion. | |
433 | .... Having a specified thermal property: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Structure wherein a property of the compact or support material has a specific temperature or temperature range. | |
434 | .. Diamond: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Apparatus in which the very hard, crystallized form of the element carbon, commonly called a "diamond", is included as a specific material in the structure of the bit. | |
435 | .. Welded, brazed, or soldered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Apparatus in which portions of the bit are connected together
by (1) locally heating the parts to a fluid state and allowing the
base metals to flow together with or without the addition of other
molten metal or (2) connecting the parts by means of a dissimilar
fluid metal having a lower melting point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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424 | MISCELLANEOUS (E.G., EARTH-BORING NOZZLE): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter not provided for in other subclasses.
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423 | WEDGING SLIP ASSEMBLY FOR SUPPORTING A PIPE OR ROD: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a tapered clasping structure, when
lowered into an opening in a separate hole drilling related structure,
e.g., a spider or rotary table, etc., is cammed into gripping and
suspending engagement with a drilling tube or stem passing through
the opening.
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FOR000 | CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS |
This subclass has no definition. | |