CLASS 123, INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES |
1R | MISCELLANEOUS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal combustion engines not coming within the terms
of the definition of some one of the following internal-combustion
engine subclasses. This subclass contains patents relating to cycles
or modes of operation not hereinafter provided for or in which the
cycle or mode of operation is not definitely determined by the structure
disclosed and will not ordinarily contain patents relating to definite mechanical
structure.
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1A | . Fuels, lubricants and additives |
This subclass has no definition. | |
2 | COMBINED DEVICES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Combinations not coming within the terms of the following
subclasses of combined devices in which an internal-combustion engine,
is disclosed and claimed in combination with some other device not
in itself classifiable in some appropriate subclass of internal-combustion
engines and which combined device itself is not treated as a unitary
machine in the general system of Office classification and as such
classified in some appropriate class.
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3 | . Generating plants: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Combinations of an internal-combustion engine together with
means for generating and supplying a combustible mixture thereto,
the engine and generating apparatus being ordinarily capable of
separation, but disclosed and claimed in combination, and the elements
collectively forming a complete plant for developing and applying
power. In the power plants occurring herein the various elements
constituting the generating portion of the plant are of ordinary
or commercial form and if presented by themselves would be classified
in other classes or subclasses. Patents covering the engine and
generating device together are classified in the class of internal-combustion engines,
because all the elements of the plant are so correlated as to develop
and apply power by means including an internal combustion engine.
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200 | ROTARY: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having a cylinder structure enclosing a piston
structure wherein the piston structure cooperates with the cylinder
structure and one or more other elements to constitute an enclosed
space for burning the combustible material wherein the piston structure
and cylinder are capable of relative rotary movement.
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201 | . Reversible: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with means to allow the burning material
to act on the piston structure or elements to produce rotary motion
in either direction.
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202 | . With means to control degree of compression: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with distinct means to vary the level
of pressure of the air or combustible material prior to combustion.
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203 | . With combusted gas treatment or handling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with means for treating or handling the
burning combustible material within the volume where the burning
occurs during the expansion or exhaust phase of operating cycle.
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204 | . With compression volume means in uninterrupted communication with expansion volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus wherein the piston structure cooperates with one
or more other elements or with another piston structure or with
the cylinder structure such that an unobstructed passageway always
exists between the volume in which the air or combustible material
is compressed and the volume in which the combustible material is
burned.
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205 | . With fuel injection means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with means for introducing liquid combustible
material under pressure into an air supply to form a combustible
mixture.
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206 | .. And pump or control means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Apparatus further provided with distinct means to either
increase the pressure of the fuel being injected or to modify the
amount of the fuel being injected into the combustion space.
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207 | .. Into intake port: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Apparatus wherein the fuel injector is located so as to inject the fuel into the passageway leading to the working chamber of the engine. | |
208 | .. Into intake chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Apparatus wherein the fuel injector is located so as to inject the fuel directly into the working chamber during the air and fuel induction stroke of the operating cycle. | |
209 | .. Into prechamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Apparatus wherein the fuel injector is mounted for feeding fuel into a cavity structure external to but communicating with the working chamber via a passageway. | |
210 | . With ignition means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with a source of heat energy for initiating
the combustion reaction.
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211 | .. Plural: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Apparatus provided with a plurality of ignition means. | |
212 | . With plural compression volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with a plurality of means to pressurize
and deliver air or combustible material to the enclosed space.
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213 | .. In series: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Apparatus wherein the plural compression volume means are
arranged such that the pressurized air or combustible material is
passed directly in line from one compression volume means to the
next.
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214 | . With plural expansion volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with a plurality of space means capable
of enlargement to receive the combusted material from the combustion
space such that the reception of the combusted material causes the
space means to enlarge.
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215 | .. In series: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Apparatus wherein the plural expansion volume means are
arranged such that the combusted material is passed directly in
line from one expansion volume means to the next.
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216 | . With charge treatment means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus provided with means to modify or prepare the combustible
material prior to or during its delivery to the combustion space.
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217 | .. Exhaust gas recirculation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus wherein the treatment means consists of structure returning a portion of the combusted material to the air or fuel being delivered to the combustion space. | |
218 | .. Rotor shape: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus wherein the treatment means consists of a cavity structure integral to the piston structure for creating turbulence so as to mix the air and fuel during the compression phase of the operating cycle in preparation for combustion. | |
219 | .. Stratification: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus wherein the treatment means consists of structure for feeding air or air/fuel mixtures having different air/fuel ratios into the working chamber. | |
220 | .. Preheating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus wherein the treatment means consists of structure
for raising the temperature of the air or combustible material prior
to delivery to the combustion space.
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221 | . With transfer means intermediate single compression volume means and single expansion volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus having a singular space means to pressurize the
combustible material and a singular space means capable of enlargement
to receive the combusted material and with means, located therebetween,
to deliver the pressurized combustible material to the receiving
space means.
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222 | .. Isolated charge in movable transfer element: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Apparatus provided with means to isolate and physically move a quantity of combustible material from a source to the space in which it may be burned, there being no volumetric change in the material as it is being moved. | |
223 | .. Reciprocating or oscillating compression volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible material has a member capable of moving alternately backward and forward thereby pressurizing the combustible material. | |
224 | ... Radially spaced from expansion volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Apparatus wherein the compression volume means is spaced from the combusted material receiving means on a line radiating from the center or approximate center of rotation of the combusted material receiving means. | |
225 | .... Abutment acts as compression means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Apparatus wherein the means to receive the combusted material is formed in part by a first portion of a partition structure mounted within the cylinder structure for oscillation or reciprocation relative thereto during rotation of the piston structure, wherein the first portion of the partition structure engages the periphery of the piston structure to form a seal therebetween, and further wherein a second portion of the partition structure acts as a means to compress the air or combustible material. | |
226 | .... Compression means disposed in rotor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Apparatus wherein the compression volume means is mounted on the rotary piston structure. | |
227 | ..... Vane acts as compression means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Apparatus wherein the means to receive the combusted material is formed in part by a first portion of a partition structure mounted within the piston structure for oscillation or reciprocation relative thereto during rotation of the piston structure, wherein the first portion of the partition structure engages the inner periphery of the cylinder structure to form a seal therebetween, and further wherein a second portion of the partition structure acts as a means to compress the air or combustible material. | |
228 | .. Compression volume means circumferentially disposed relative to expansion volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible material is distally located from the means to receive the combusted material on a closed curvilinear boundary about the axis of rotation of the piston structure. | |
229 | ... Transfer means in rotor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus wherein at least a portion of the means to transfer the pressurized material is composed of the rotary piston structure. | |
230 | ... Compression volume is also expansion volume: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus wherein the singular space means to pressurize the combustible material acts alternately as the singular space means to receive the combusted material, the combustible material being confined in the transfer means after compression and prior to expansion. | |
231 | ... Vane: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible
material and the means to receive the combusted material are formed
in part by a partition structure mounted within the piston structure
for oscillation or reciprocation relative thereto during the rotation
of the piston structure wherein the partition structure engages
the inner periphery of the cylinder structure to form a seal therebetween.
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232 | ... Interengaging rotors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible
material and the means to receive the combusted material are separated
by a seal produced by the engagement of a rotatable element structure
with the periphery of the piston structure.
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233 | .... Nonparallel axes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Apparatus wherein the piston structure and the partition
structure are mounted for rotation about lines of center that are
at an angle relative to each other.
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234 | .. Compression volume means axially disposed relative to expansion volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible material is spaced from the means to receive the combusted material on the line of center of rotation of the piston structure. | |
235 | ... Transfer means in rotor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus wherein at least a portion of the means to transfer the pressurized material is disposed within the rotary piston structure. | |
236 | ... Vane: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible
material and the means to receive the combusted material are formed
in part by a partition structure mounted within the piston structure
for oscillation or reciprocation relative thereto during the rotation
of the piston structure, wherein the partition structure engages
the inner periphery of the cylinder structure to form a seal therebetween.
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237 | ... Abutment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus wherein the means to receive the combusted material
is formed in part by a first portion of a partition structure mounted
within the cylinder structure for oscillation or reciprocation relative
thereto during rotation of the piston structure, wherein the first
portion of the partition structure engages the periphery of the piston
structure to form a seal therebetween.
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238 | ... Interengaging rotors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus wherein the means to receive the combusted material
is formed in part by a seal produced by the engagement of a rotatable
element structure with the periphery of the piston structure.
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239 | .. Compression volume means radially disposed relative to expansion volume means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible material is spaced from the means to receive the combusted material on a line radiating from the center or approximate center of the combusted material receiving means. | |
240 | ... Concentric: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Apparatus wherein the means to pressurize the combustible material and the means to receive the combusted material both are essentially toroidally, and further wherein one of the means encircles the other, with a common center, such that the air or combustible material is transferred from one toroidal shaped means to the other. | |
241 | . With compression, combustion, and expansion in a single variable volume: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus wherein the pressurization of the combustible material, the ignition of the combustible material, and the expansion of the combusted material all occur within the same enclosed space. | |
242 | .. Planetating rotor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Apparatus wherein the geometric center of the piston structure
rotates about an axis noncoincident with said center.
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243 | .. Vane: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Apparatus wherein the enclosed space is formed at least
in part by a partition structure mounted within the piston structure
for oscillation or reciprocation relative thereto during the rotation
of the piston structure, wherein the partition structure engages
the inner periphery of the cylinder structure to form a seal therebetween.
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244 | .. Abutment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Apparatus wherein the enclosed space is formed at least
in part by a partition structure mounted within the cylinder structure
for oscillation or reciprocation relative thereto during rotation
of the piston structure, wherein the partition structure engages
the periphery of the piston structure to form a seal therebetween.
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245 | .. Alternately approaching and receding elements: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Apparatus wherein the enclosed space is formed by the simultaneous
combined movement produced by the rotation of a plurality of elements
or piston structures and the oscillation of two or more of the elements
or piston structures.
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246 | ... Eccentric interengaging rotors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Apparatus wherein the peripheries of the elements or piston
structures cooperate to form a seal therebetween thereby forming
the enclosed space.
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247 | . Only combustion and expansion of charge in engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Apparatus wherein the piston structure, the cylinder structure,
or the other elements cooperate to form an enclosed space in which
only burning of the combustible mixture and the enlargement of the
combusted material occurs, the compressed combustible material being
supplied from an undefined source.
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248 | .. Abutment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Apparatus wherein the enclosed space is formed at least
in part by a partition structure mounted within the cylinder structure
for oscillation or reciprocation relative thereto during rotation
of the piston structure, wherein the partition structure engages
the periphery of the piston structure to form a seal therebetween.
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249 | .. Interengaging rotors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Apparatus wherein the enclosed space is formed at least
in part by a seal produced by the engagement of a rotatable element
structure with the periphery of the piston structure.
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18R | OSCILLATING PISTON: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines irrespective of cycle or mode
of operation, comprising a stationary inclosing casing, sections
of which perpendicular to its axis are bounded by circular arcs
concentric to said axis, and a movable member or piston therein
moving in contact with the inner walls of the said casing, said
piston partaking of an oscillating or swinging motion about the
axis of the casing and, together with the walls thereof, inclosing
a space or chamber within which the burned gases act expansively
to impel the piston.
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18A | . Toroidal cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
19 | LIQUID PISTON: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines in which a body of liquid is interposed between the burned gases and the working piston or equivalent element, whereby power is communicated to the main driving-shaft of the engine, the said liquid preventing the burned gases within the combustion-chamber and working cylinder from coming into direct contact with the working piston or equivalent element. | |
21 | CONVERTIBLE CYCLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and a working piston-reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural features, in which means are provided whereby the mode of operation of the engine may be determined and the engine caused to operate upon either a two-stroke or a four-stroke cycle. | |
22 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION AND AIR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Engines including in their structure elements normally found
only in hot-air engines and other elements normally found only in internal-combustion
engines and having steps in their cycle of operation peculiar to
both such types of engines. This subclass includes engines including
elements selected from both the above-mentioned types and convertible either
at will or automatically, as by a suitable governing device, so
as to operate either as hot-air or as internal-combustion engines,
and engines operating upon a predetermined cycle, including working
strokes, upon which the piston is impelled alternately by gases
heated within the working cylinder by combustion, as in internal-combustion
engines, and by gases heated within the working cylinder by contact with
the inner surface of said working cylinder and the clearance-space.
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23 | SOLID FUEL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines in which a solid nonexplosive
fuel or combustible is introduced into and burned within the working
cylinder of an internal-combustion engine or into a combustion-chamber
in permanently open communication therewith and the energy of the resulting
gases converted into work by permitting them to expand and act upon
a piston moving in the said cylinder. The solid fuel may be introduced
into the working cylinder upon each successive cycle of operation
of the engine and in quantities sufficient only to supply the energy
required for the successive working strokes of the engine, or it
may be introduced at comparatively long intervals of time and in quantities
sufficient to furnish energy for several working strokes, in which
case air only is supplied upon the successive cycles of operation
to consume portions of the charge of fuel already within the engine.
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24R | GUNPOWDER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines in which a charge of gun powder
or other explosive substances is supplied to and exploded within
the cylinder of the engine or combustion-chamber in communication
therewith and the energy of the resulting gases converted into work
by permitting them to act upon a moving part of the engine. This
subclass is intended to include all engines using an explosive substance
as above, irrespective of other structural features, cycle, or mode
of operation.
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24A | . Single shot gun powder motors |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25R | WATER AND HYDROCARBON: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and a working
piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural
features, cycle, or mode of operation, in which the combustible
mixture supplied to and burned within the working cylinder contains
a quantity of aqueous vapor or in which water in any form is supplied
to the working cylinder after a charge has been ignited therein.
The water may be supplied to the air and hydrocarbon before the
charge is ignited in which case the combustible charge is made up
of air, hydrocarbon, and aqueous vapor, or a combustible mixture of
air and hydrocarbon may be ignited in the working cylinder, the
water being supplied to the expanding gases therein during the working stroke.
In cases where water in the form of steam is supplied to the combustible
mixture, as above, the steam is frequently generated by means of
heat ordinarily lost in the operation of the engine, as by the heat
of the exhaust-gases, or the cooling-jacket may be utilized as a steam-generator
to supply water to the combustible charge.
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25A | . Water in charge |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25B | . Water plus heat into charge |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25C | . Water into cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25D | . Water plus heat into charge |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25E | . Water introduced by mixing with other materials |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25F | . Water plus heat by mixing with other materials |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25G | . Washers and cleaners |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25H | . Washers and cleaners with heat |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25J | . Automatic water control |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25K | . Automatic water control; thermostatic |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25L | . Automatic water control; suction |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25M | . Automatic water control; speed |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25N | . Automatic water control interconnected with throttle |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25P | . Steam injection |
This subclass has no definition. | |
25Q | . Cooling regulation |
This subclass has no definition. | |
26 | ADDITIONAL AIR SUPPLY: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines in which a combustible mixture is ignited in the working cylinder at the beginning of the working stroke, as in the ordinary operation of internal-combustion engine, after which and at some time before the end of the working stroke an additional quantity of compressed air or equivalent non-combustible gas is supplied to the working cylinder and mingles with the burned gases therein, the piston being impelled through the remaining portion of its working stroke by the combined action of the burned gases and the air supplied thereto. | |
250 | ENGINE MEANS HAVING INTERNAL VAPORIZING IN PRECHAMBER WITH ALL COMBUSTION IN MAIN CHAMBER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having a main combustion chamber in which all combustion takes place and an auxiliary chamber (prechamber) that is used only to vaporize liquid fuel or thoroughly mix a fuel-air mixture before it is burned in the main combustion chamber. | |
251 | . Whirling in prechamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Subject matter in which means is provided to effect swirling of the fuel or fuel-air mixture in the prechamber to more thoroughly vaporize or mix the fuel. | |
252 | . Vaporizing by a hot surface of prechamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Subject matter in which the fuel in the prechamber is vaporized
by heat stored in a surface (e.g., wall) of the prechamber.
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253 | PRECOMBUSTION AND MAIN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS IN SERIES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having at least two distinct physical volumes
or chambers in which combustion occurs. The combustion is multi-stage
and is initiated in a first chamber, known as a prechamber or auxiliary
combustion chamber, and spreads into a final or "main" combustion
chamber where combustion is complete and expansion occurs.
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254 | . Chamber temperature control means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which means is provided to adjust, maintain,
heat, cool, or otherwise control the temperature of the main combustion chamber
or prechamber.
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255 | . Vaporizing in precombustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which means is provided in the prechamber
to aid in the vaporization of fuel droplets to promote complete
and smooth burning.
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256 | . Plural precombustion chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which more than one prechamber is provided.
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257 | . Two-cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which the engine operates on the two-stroke
cycle principle.
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258 | . Having timed valves to precombustion and main combustion chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which the main and prechamber each have at least one intake valve, with significance attributed to the relative valve timing. | |
259 | . Having volumetric relation between precombustion and main combustion chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which a specific ration of the volumes of the main and prechamber is specified. | |
260 | . With ignition means particularly positioned relative to precombustion and main combustion chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which significance is attributed to the location of the ignition means in relation to the pre and main chambers. | |
261 | . With injection means particularly positioned relative to precombustion and main combustion chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which significance is attributed to the location of the injection means in relation to the pre and main chambers. | |
262 | . Having fluid whirling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein means is provided to cause whirling
of the fluid in the pre or main chamber or in the intake manifold
adjacent a pre or main chamber.
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263 | .. Whirling in precombustion chamber only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Subject matter wherein the means causes whirling of the fluid only in the prechamber. | |
264 | . Precombustion chamber is carried by a valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which the prechamber is attached to or formed as an integral part of an engine valve. | |
265 | . Precombustion and main chambers form an "L" head: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which the main and prechamber are so located
relative to each other than their cross section is in the shape
of an "L".
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266 | . Precombustion chamber assembly inserted in spark plug hole: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which the prechamber is attached to the
engine by insertion into the hole provided for the spark plug.
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267 | .. Separate fuel or combustible mixture added to precombustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Subject matter in which fuel or air-fuel mixture is added to the prechamber in addition to the fuel or mixture obtained from the main chamber. | |
268 | . Valveless precombustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which the prechamber contains no valving of any type. | |
269 | . Piston shape complements precombustion chamber discharge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which an engine piston is shaped to conform
to the shape or direction of the discharge from the prechamber outlet
and allows free flow therefrom.
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270 | . Precombustion chamber liner or coating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter in which a surface of the prechamber is provided
with a coating or liner.
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271 | .. With liner mounting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter in which means is disclosed to secure the coating or liner within the prechamber (glue, screw, friction fit, etc.). | |
272 | .. Including combustion catalyst liner or coating means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter in which the liner or coating contains a
catalytic agent that aids or enhances the combustion in the prechamber.
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273 | . Precombustion chamber mounting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein some specific structure or method
is disclosed for fastening or removing the prechamber body.
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274 | . Having combustible mixture forming means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein specific means is disclosed to provide an air-fuel mixture for the pre or main combustion chamber. | |
275 | .. By fuel injection into precombustion or main combustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Subject matter wherein fuel at a pressure greater than atmospheric is introduced into either the pre or main combustion chamber. | |
276 | ... Fuel injected into precombustion chamber formed in piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Subject matter where fuel under pressure greater than atmospheric is introduced into a prechamber which is located in the engine piston. | |
277 | ... By fuel injection into precombustion chamber with carbureted main chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Subject matter wherein fuel is introduced under pressure greater than atmospheric into the prechamber and the main chamber is fed with an aspirated or carbureted mixture of air and fuel. | |
278 | ... By fuel injection into main chamber with carbureted precombustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Subject matter wherein the main chamber is charged with fuel at a pressure greater than atmospheric and where the prechamber is fed with an aspirated or carbureted mixture of air and fuel. | |
279 | . Piston carried precombustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein the prechamber is carried by and
mounted on the engine piston.
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280 | . Atomizer, deflector, or shield in precombustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein the prechamber or prechamber throat
contains an atomizer, deflector, or shield mounted in the path of
the fuel or air-fuel mixture.
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281 | . Precombustion chamber shape is a figure of revolution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein the three-dimensional shape of the
precombustion chamber can be formed by rotating a single planar
shape, formed from a combination of straight or curved lines, through
360° about an axis.
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282 | .. Figure of revolution is multishaped to form a precombustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter wherein the three-dimensional shape of the
prechamber can be formed by rotating a plurality of separated planar
shapes through 360° about an axis.
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283 | .. Cylindrical: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter wherein the resulting 3-D shape is a cylinder. | |
284 | .. Spherical: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter wherein the resulting 3-D shape is a sphere. | |
285 | . Precombustion chamber having a specific shape: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein the prechamber has a shape disclosed
as critical to the engine operation.
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286 | . Having specific connecting passage means between precombustion and main combustion chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the
design of the passage between the pre and main combustion chambers.
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287 | .. With ignition means in connecting passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Subject matter wherein combustion initiating means is employed in the connecting passage. | |
288 | .. Having fuel, a combustible mixture, or air added in the connecting passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Subject matter wherein either fuel, air, or a mixture of both is supplied in the connecting passage. | |
289 | .. Fluid flow through passage controlled by working piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Subject matter wherein the flow or fluid in the connecting passage between the main and pre chamber is valved or otherwise controlled by some portion of or attachment to the engine working piston. | |
290 | ... With whirling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 289. Subject matter wherein means is provided for swirling the fluid contained in the pre or main chamber, or the connecting passage. | |
291 | ... Multiple connecting passages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 289. Subject matter wherein there are multiple connecting passages or divisions of a single passage between the pre and main chambers. | |
292 | .. With valve means or variable orifice means in the passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Subject matter wherein the means is provided in the connection
between the pre and main chambers to vary the flow path therebetween.
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293 | .. Having multiple passages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Subject matter wherein there are multiple connecting passages or divisions of a single passage between the pre and main chambers. | |
294 | COMBUSTION CHAMBER MEANS HAVING FUEL INJECTION ONLY: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter in which all fuel, liquid or gaseous, and
unmixed with air, is supplied under pressure to the interior of
the combustion or working chamber.
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295 | . Combustible mixture stratification means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter in which means is provided to deliberately create a nonhomogeneous mixture charge within the combustion chamber. | |
296 | . Injector is an integral part of engine valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter in which the fuel injector is mounted on, carried by, or otherwise an integral part of an engine intake or exhaust valve. | |
297 | . Combination igniting means and injector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter wherein an engine spark plug or external ignition device and an engine fuel injection nozzle or valve are at least in part combined in one structural unit. | |
298 | . Injection of fuel onto igniter, deflector, heater, or atomizer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter wherein the injected fuel spray pattern or some part of the pattern in the combustion chamber impacts on a heater, igniter, deflector, or atomizer. | |
299 | . Using multiple injectors or injections: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter wherein, a plurality of injectors or a plurality
of distinct spray patterns from the same injector are employed in
each engine cylinder.
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300 | .. Alternating multiple injectors (e.g., series injection): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Subject matter wherein multiple injectors make their injections, one following the other, with no overlap of their injection periods (e.g., series injection). | |
301 | . Injected fuel spraying into whirling fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter wherein the injected fuel is sprayed into a whirling, swirling, or rotating fluid mass in the engine cylinder. | |
302 | . Air entering combustion chamber through plural inlets: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter wherein the combustion chamber has plural separate air or oxidant inlet ports. | |
303 | .. Having inlet uncovered by working piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Subject matter wherein at least one of the inlet ports is valved by a part of the engine piston during some portion of its working stroke. | |
304 | . Injecting diverse fuels or different states of same fuel: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter wherein at least two different types of fuel or the same fuel in two or more different states (e.g., liquid and gas, are injected directly into a combustion chamber). | |
305 | . Having a particular relationship between injection and ignition characteristics (e.g., nozzle location, spray pattern, timing relative to igniter location, timing): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Subject matter in which significance is attributed to the relationship between the functional or structural characteristics of injection and ignition. | |
27R | BURNING BY HIGHLY COMPRESSED AIR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines in which air or equivalent noncombustible
gas is supplied to the working cylinder and compressed therein by
a distinct compression-stroke of the working piston to such a degree
that the temperature of the gas rises to such a point that a combustible
supplied thereto will be ignited by the highly-compressed noncombustible
gas upon coming into contact therewith, after which and after the
beginning of the working stroke a combustible upon being supplied
to the body of the compressed noncombustible gas ignited as it comes
into contact therewith and burns at constant pressure or perhaps
constant temperature. The cycle upon which the engines occurring
in this subclass operate, is sometimes designated by text-writers
as the "Diesel" cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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27GE | . Gas engines (diesel type) convertible from liquid to gas or operable with liquid and gas |
This subclass has no definition. | |
27A | . Oil engine air preheated |
This subclass has no definition. | |
The "oil-engine" subclasses contain internal-combustion engines, having a cylinder and a working piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural features, cycle, or mode of operation, which are designed to be operated by a liquid hydrocarbon and in which the means concerned with the supply and vaporization of the oil so closely associated with the elements constituting the engine that a true combination would appear to exist between the two sets of elements. A given mechanism including an engine and means for supplying oil thereto to be burned therein is not classified as an oil-engine merely because it is designed to use oil as a source of power if the means whereby the oil or vapor is supplied to the engine is capable of separation therefrom and of use with other engines without affecting the operation of either the engine or the oil-supplying devices. A given structure will be classified in these subclasses only in cases where mechanical separation of the elements concerned with the supply or vaporization of the oil from the elements constituting the engine is impossible without defeating the operation of the device as a whole in the manner contemplated by the inventor, and a simple pipe or equivalent connection through which the exhaust-gases from the engine are conducted to the oil-supplying or vaporizing device to heat the same is not considered as bringing the two sets of elements into such intimate association as to make the whole mechanism a single device and as such classifiable as an oil-engine. From these considerations it therefore ordinarily follows that patents disclosing both an engine and a device for supplying it with oil or vapor therefrom and which do not come within the terms of the above definition, and are therefore not classifiable in oil-engine subclasses, are classified and cross-referenced according to the separate groups of elements entering into and forming the complete device, the oil-supplying or vaporizing device ordinarily going into appropriate subclasses of Charge-forming devices and the engine into appropriate subclasses in this class, according to its form, mode or operation, of other distinguishing features. | |
This subclass has no definition. | |
37 | MULTIPLE EXPLOSION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and working piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural features, cycle, or mode of operation, in which two or more separate and distinct charges of combustible mixture are burned and act in succession upon the working piston during each working stroke thereof, each charge after the first upon ignition entering the cylinder and mingling with and tending to increase the pressure of the burned gases already therein. | |
38 | ATMOSPHERIC: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines of the reciprocating type wherein the working piston is permanently connected with the main driving-shaft of the engine in which a combustible mixture is burned within the working cylinder thereof and the resulting gases cooled and condensed, thereby producing a more or less perfect vacuum within the said working cylinder, whereupon atmospheric pressure acts upon the said working piston to move it through a working stroke. The pressure of the atmosphere may be the only force acting upon the working piston, or the engine may be so designed that the combustible gases upon being ignited generate pressure which also acts upon the said working piston. | |
39 | NONCOMPRESSION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines of the reciprocating type, but
irrespective of other structural features, in which the combustible mixture
is ignited in the working cylinder at or substantially at atmospheric
pressure. The combustible mixture ordinarily begins to enter the
working cylinder at the beginning of the working stroke in which
case it is ignited at atmospheric pressure, as above, after a definite portion
of the working stroke has been performed and the whole charge supplied,
the engine thus working upon a two-stroke cycle without compression.
The charge may, however, be drawn into the working cylinder by a distinct
charging stroke, such stroke being followed by a stroke corresponding
with the compression-stroke in four cycle engines during which the
exhaust-valve is held open and the charge then ignited under atmospheric
pressure at the beginning of the third or working stroke, in which
case the engine works upon a four-stroke cycle without compression.
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41R | REVERSIBLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and a working
piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural
features, cycle, or mode of operation, in which means are provided
for causing the engine to run in either direction at the will of
the operator and subordinate mechanism for accomplishing the same
result, but not disclosed in connection with all the elements necessary
to form a complete and operative engine.
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41E | . Electrical |
This subclass has no definition. | |
41.01 | COOLING: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Such miscellaneous devices for cooling the working cylinder,
piston, piston-rod, or other element of an internal-combustion engine as
do not come within the terms of the definition of some one of the
following subclasses of internal-combustion engines, cooling, and accessary
devices designed for and used with cooling systems for internal-combustion engines
and not classified in some appropriate cooling subclass.
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41.02 | . Automatic coolant flow control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Devices with means to sense some condition, which means
causes operation of a control device for stopping, varying, or starting
the flow of either the primary or secondary coolant.
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41.03 | .. Float control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.02. Cooling systems wherein the control of the coolant flow
is directly or indirectly controlled by a device which floats on
the surface of the coolant.
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41.04 | .. Shutters, air valves, dampers or adjustable cowls: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.02. Cooling systems wherein the primary or secondary coolant
is air or gas and the device for stopping, varying, or starting
the flow of the air or gas is a shutter, valve, damper, adjustable cowl,
etc.
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41.05 | ... Temperature and engine operation responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.04. Devices in which the shutters are controlled by a temperature
responsive device and also include an engine responsive device,
e.g., an intake or exhaust manifold pressure responsive device or
an oil pressure responsive device.
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41.06 | ... Servomotor-operated type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.04. Devices wherein an operator of the servo-motor (fluid, electric,
etc.) type is interposed between the condition sensing means and
the shutter, valve, damper, adjustable cowl, etc.
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41.07 | ... Interrelated shutter and throttle control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.04. Devices in which the control of the engine carburetor throttle
valve also controls a shutter or shutters.
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41.08 | .. Valves for fluid coolant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.02. Cooling systems wherein the primary or secondary coolant is a fluid and the device for stopping, varying or starting the flow of liquid is a valve. | |
41.09 | ... Coolant source bypass: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.08. Cooling systems wherein the responsive valve interrupts
the flow of fluid coolant from the engine block to a coolant source
as in the case of a primary coolant, or from a radiator or heat exchanger
to a coolant source in case of a secondary coolant, and directs
the coolant to a bypass omitting the coolant source.
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41.1 | .... Radiator or condenser source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.09. Cooling systems wherein the coolant source is a radiator or condenser. | |
41.11 | .. Air impeller: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.02. Devices wherein the primary or secondary coolant is air
and the device for stopping, varying or starting the flow of air
is an impeller or fan which is controlled by an automatic device.
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41.12 | ... Temperature-responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.11. Devices in which the automatic control device is actuated in response to temperature. | |
41.13 | . Interrelated coolant flow and throttle control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems for controlling the flow of primary or secondary
coolant flow conjointly with the engine throttle.
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41.14 | . System drained and/or heat-storing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems including (1) devices or arrangements for
draining the entire cooling system or any part thereof, usually
to prevent freezing, or (2) devices for storing heat to be returned
to the system when the engine is stopped to prevent freezing.
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41.15 | . Indicators and safety devices: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems having means for indicating the condition
or amount of coolant in the cooling system or any part thereof and
devices responsive to the condition or amount of cooling fluid for
preventing injury to the engine being cooled.
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41.16 | . Coolant sealed in cylinder valve or piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cylinders, pistons, or valves with chambers containing a
confined coolant therein which may be either a liquid, solid or
gas.
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41.17 | . Coolant released into cylinder or valve passages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems in which the coolant, after cooling the
engine or engine parts, discharges into the engine cylinder combustion
space or valve passages or is merely exposed to the interior of
said cylinder or valve passages.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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41.18 | . Convertible: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems which are capable of operating in more than
one way or of changing from the use of one coolant to another, as
air, vapor, liquid, and having means for changing the system to
adapt it to the coolant or mode of operation selected, or having
means for substituting tanks for radiators or making other equivalent changes.
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41.19 | . Refrigerating cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems including a vaporized liquid other than
water which is liquefied and then allowed to expand into gas, thus
removing heat directly from the engine parts or from the engine
coolant.
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41.2 | . With vapor generation and/or condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems in which (1) vaporization is intended to
occur, as evidenced by the creation of vapor in the jacket, the
provision of vapor space therein or by a circulating system requiring
vapor for its operation; (2) a closed system is provided which is
claimed to be operated at pressures other than atmospheric; (3)
there is manipulation to change the normal boiling point of the
coolant in a part of the system as by providing a vacuum or pressurizing;
or (4) a condenser is interposed in the system other than and/or
in addition to the normal passage of the liquid coolant through
a heat exchanging radiator, as (a) the radiator is vented through
a condenser, or into the circulating fluid, (b) the radiator is
modified to mix or recirculate vapors, or (c) the outlet from the
water jacket enters the radiator at the bottom.
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41.21 | .. Coolant circulation with condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.2. Cooling systems in which there is condensation of vapor
in parts of the system external to the block or cylinder jacket
and ultimate or immediate return of the condensate to the system.
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41.22 | ... Intake or carburetor connection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.21. Cooling systems in which a connection to the combustion
intake or carburetor reduces pressure in the system or a portion
of it, usually to promote circulation or reduce the boiling point of
the coolant.
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41.23 | ... Entrained in secondary circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.21. Cooling systems in which the vapor emitted from the block
or jacket or a portion of it, or the condensate resulting therefrom,
is added to or separated into a fluid circuit which does not include
the block or jacket, i.e., a secondary cooling circuit.
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41.24 | ... From top of jacket to bottom of radiator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.21. Cooling systems in which vapor and/or water flows
from the top of the block or cylinder jacket to the bottom of the
radiator.
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41.25 | ... Water bypasses condenser: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.21. Cooling systems in which vapor and water flow from the block
or cylinder jacket through the same or adjacent outlets and the
water is separated from the vapor and returned to the block or cylinder
without passing through the condenser for the vapor.
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41.26 | ... Vapor only circulated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.21. Cooling systems in which only vapor is emitted from the
block or cylinder jacket.
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41.27 | ... Overflow vent to condenser: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.21. Cooling systems provided with an overflow vent from the
radiator-condenser which leads to a means for condensing vapors
escaping from the system through the overflow.
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41.28 | . Multiple cylinders with equalized cooling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems having (1) conduits for furnishing each
of a plurality of cylinders with an individual supply of coolant
the distribution system branching either externally or internally of
the jacket, or (2) passages within the jacket having capacities
varying from cylinder to cylinder to produce equal cooling effects
on all cylinders.
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41.29 | . Parallel flow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems in which a liquid coolant is circulated
through plural paths which have at least some portion in common
and which are diverse in character.
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41.3 | . Mixed air and liquid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems wherein air is admitted to coolant water
for cooling the water and/or for circulating the water
around the cooling system.
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41.31 | . With cooling of additional parts or materials: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems with means for cooling such additional elements
as spark plugs, exhaust manifolds, plural manifolds for both intake
and exhaust, bearings, guides, transmissions, etc., or means for
cooling substances such as exhaust gases, etc., together with the
cooling of (1) the cylinder, (2) piston or (3) valves, or any combination
thereof.
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41.32 | .. With spark plug heat exchange: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.31. Cooling systems in which the additional part that is cooled
is a spark plug.
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41.33 | .. With lubricant heat exchange: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.31. Cooling systems in which the additional substance cooled
is a lubricant.
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41.34 | . Internal cooling of moving parts; e.g., hollow valves, pistons, and movable cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling means in which various movable elements of the engine
have their inside surfaces, which are not exposed to combustion,
cooperating surfaces, or direct atmosphere, cooled.
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41.35 | .. Piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.34. Cooling means wherein the element cooled is a piston.
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41.36 | ... Telescoping piston and stationary conduits: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.35. Cooling means in which the piston has attached thereto a conduit, or the piston is shaped to include a conduit, which conduit slides in or on a stationary or fixed conduit for delivering coolant to or from said piston interior. | |
41.37 | ... Hollow piston rod: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.35. Cooling means wherein the piston rod is hollow or has passages
therein for conducting coolant to and/or from the piston.
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41.38 | .... Wrist pin type; e.g., nonrigidly connected: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.37. Cooling means wherein the hollow piston rod is pivotally or otherwise nonrigidly connected with the piston to permit said rod to swing. | |
41.39 | ... Side wall opening: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.35. Cooling means wherein the piston has openings in its side
wall or cylindrical surface which usually communicate with openings
in the cylinder for the passage of a coolant to or from the interior
or side of the piston.
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41.4 | .. Rotary valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.34. Cooling means wherein the movable element cooled is a rotary valve. | |
41.41 | .. Poppet-type valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.34. Cooling means wherein the movable element cooled is a poppet type valve. | |
41.42 | . Liquid coolants other than water and water treatment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems employing liquid coolants other than water
or water which has been treated to prevent freezing, corroding,
etc.
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41.43 | . Movably mounted tank or radiator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems employing at least one tank or radiator
which is capable of linear or angular motion.
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41.44 | . With liquid coolant circulating means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems having positively acting means for circulating a liquid coolant within the engine block, through the block to the head, or through the block and head to a radiator. | |
41.45 | .. Jet pumps: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.44. Cooling systems wherein the circulating means comprise a
jet or aspirating device.
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41.46 | .. Common drive for pump and fan: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.44. Cooling systems where the device for circulating the liquid
is a pump which is operated in conjunction with an air cooling fan.
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41.47 | .. Engine shaft driven: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.44. Cooling systems wherein the liquid coolant circulating means
is driven from the engine shaft.
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41.48 | . Devices for cooling liquid by air flow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems including devices which guide, force, or direct air over surfaces which enclose a liquid coolant or which separate the air and liquid coolant. | |
41.49 | .. Fan type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.48. Cooling systems wherein the device which forces the air
is of the fan type.
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41.5 | . Yielding or resilient walls: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems having a normally rigid body, as a tank, radiator or jacket wall, constructed of yieldable material or provided with a replaceable portion weaker than the normal wall, or having a compressible or yieldable body within a tank, radiator or jacket, to prevent breakage of permanent rigid parts, particularly when the coolant freezes. | |
41.51 | . Plural radiators and/or tanks in series: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems in which two or more heat dissipators and/or tanks are included in a single circulating system so that the coolant passes through them successively. | |
41.52 | . Engine or cylinder-mounted heat dissipators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems including a radiator or heat exchange for
liquid coolants mounted on or integral with the engine or engine
cylinder.
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41.53 | .. Hopper type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.52. Cooling systems wherein the heat exchanger or radiator is in the form of a tank shaped like a hopper and forming an extension of the block or cylinder jacket. The hopper or tank is coextensive with the cylinder exchange portion of the system or opens widely into it, and there is no other means for dissipating heat. | |
41.54 | . With vent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems having means for venting air or vapor to
the atmosphere.
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41.55 | . Combined: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling systems including matter other than heat exchange
jackets or casings for the combustion chambers, valves, pistons
or their immediate associated parts or the heat exchange elements
of the same as fins or air passages.
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41.56 | . Air-cooled: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cooling means wherein the primary coolant is air or other
gaseous fluid.
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41.57 | .. With liquid cooling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.56. Cooling means wherein a part of the engine is cooled by
a liquid, i.e., there is a primary liquid coolant as well as a primary
air coolant.
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41.58 | .. Flow-regulating means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.56. Cooling means comprising means forming an air duct or passage
for conducting cooling air to or against the engine including devices
for controlling the flow of air through the duct or passages.
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41.59 | ... Adjustable discharge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.58. Subject matter wherein the flow of air through the duct of passage is controlled by adjustable means at the discharge end of the duct or passage. | |
41.6 | .. Steam dividing vanes, baffles, conduits, or the like for multiple cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.56. Devices for cooling a multiple cylinder engine which include vanes, baffles, conduits or the like, for dividing the flow of air into separate streams and directing said streams to different cylinders or portions of the cylinders of the engine. | |
41.61 | ... Individual deflecting cylinder baffles: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.6. Subject matter wherein the stream dividing means comprise deflecting baffles positioned adjacent to or attached to the cylinders of the engine for directing air to or about each cylinder. | |
41.62 | ... Air duct with discharge ports or conduits: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.6. Subject matter in which the stream dividing means comprises an air duct or passage having discharge ports or conduits for directing the air flow to or against different parts of the engine. | |
41.63 | .. With impelling means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.56. Subject matter which includes devices for impelling cooling
air over the engine.
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41.64 | ... Jet type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.63. Cooling means wherein the air impelling device is a jet
pump or the like.
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41.65 | ... Fan type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.63. Subject matter in which the air impelling device is a fan.
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41.66 | .... Suction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.65. Devices in which the air impeller is a suction fan for withdrawing air from the engine housing. | |
41.67 | .. Jacketed cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.56. Devices comprising a jacket, casing or conduit supported
by or enclosing an individual cylinder for directing the flow of
air thereover.
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41.68 | ... Spiral passages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.67. Devices in which baffle means or cylinder fins are formed to impart a spiral flow to the air within the jacket, casing or conduit as it passes over the cylinder. | |
41.69 | .. Finned cylinder and/or head: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.56. Subject matter which includes cylinders and/or cylinder
heads constructed with various shaped fins to increase the cooling
area of the cylinder walls.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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41.7 | .. Engine encasing air duct; e.g., cowling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.56. Devices which comprise air ducts or passages which surround
the engine to conduct or direct a stream of cooling air to or against
the engine.
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41.71 | . Plural materials: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Cylinder, piston or jacket construction in which a plurality
of materials, usually of different thermal capacity, are combined
in a single element.
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41.72 | . With jacketed head and/or cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Structures comprising an engine part which is immediately
connected with the combustion process, as a cylinder wall or head
or valve seat jacketed, channeled or constructed to form a passage
for a confined coolant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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41.73 | .. Jet or spray within jacket: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Structures in which all or a portion of the coolant is confined in a channel within or adjacent jacket or coolant housing to a point immediately adjacent the part to be cooled, where it is released into the larger space with sufficient force to form a current, jet or spray directed toward said port. | |
41.74 | .. Multiple cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Structures including a plurality of cylinders within the
same jacket or cooled by the same system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
41.75 | .. Reentrant head: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Subject matter in which the cooling head is formed with
an internal concave portion with which the jacket is coextensive.
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41.76 | .. With cooled valve seats or guides: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Structures in which the cooling chamber is especially adapted
to cool the valve areas, i.e., passages, seats and valve stem guides.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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41.77 | ... Poppet-type valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.76. Cooling means in which the valve seats or guides support
a poppet-type valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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41.78 | ... Cylinder side wall valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.76. Cooling means in which the valve passages, etc., are located in the side walls of the cylinders. | |
41.79 | .. With passages, baffles, etc.: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Cooling structures in which the jacket or cylinder walls
are constructed with channels or in such a way as to form channels,
or baffles, fins, ribs or grooves are provided inside the coolant chamber,
either to guide the coolant in particular paths or directions, or
to increase the area of the wall exposed to the coolant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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41.8 | ... Spiral passages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.79. Structures in which the path formed for the coolant is spiral,
or forms an ascending or descending path extending around the cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
41.81 | .. Cylinder jacket supported solely by cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Structures in which a member forming the external wall or walls of a coolant containing chamber are secured to the cylinder or cylinder block proper, so that they are carried thereby and have no other support or mounting means. | |
41.82R | .. With head-cooling arrangements: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Structures involving the cylinder head cooling means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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41.82A | ... Composite head |
This subclass has no definition. | |
41.83 | .. Cylinder detachable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.72. Structures in which the cylinder or cylinder liner is detachably supported within the assembly in such a way as to form one wall of the coolant chamber. | |
41.84 | ... Flanged cylinder or liner: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.83. Structures in which the cylinder or liner has a flange by which it is engaged with or supported in the assembly. | |
41.85 | . Valve seats or guides: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.01. Structures in which the cooling means is especially adapted
to cool the valve areas, i.e., passages, seats or valve stem guides.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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41.86 | CRANKCASE VENTILATION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Engines wherein air is forced through the crankcase by some
manner other than the mere pumping effect of the engine pistons
for ventilating or removing fumes from the crankcase.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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42 | OSCILLATING CYLINDER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and working
piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural
features, cycle, or mode of operation, in which the working cylinder
partakes of an oscillatory motion about a fixed axis as the piston
reciprocates therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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43R | ROTATING CYLINDER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and working
piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural
features, cycle, or mode of operation, in which the working cylinder
partakes of a continuous rotary motion about a fixed axis as the
working piston reciprocates therein and engines including a plurality
of working cylinders each coming within the terms of this definition,
the engine in question not coming within the terms of the definition
of the subclass following this.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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44R | . Radial: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Internal-combustion engines differing from those occurring
in the preceding subclass in that axial lines of the rotating cylinders
lie in a plane perpendicular to the crank-shaft of the engine and
are also radial thereto, the cylinders or cylinder when one only
is disclosed being immovable relatively to the member by which they
are carried and with which they rotate.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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44A | .. Wheel |
This subclass has no definition. | |
44B | .. Combustion chamber is center of star |
This subclass has no definition. | |
44C | .. Two-cycle |
This subclass has no definition. | |
44D | .. Valve casing-cylinders have no valves but have ports which register with ports in casing |
This subclass has no definition. | |
44E | .. Cam transmission |
This subclass has no definition. | |
43A | . Parallel to shaft |
This subclass has no definition. | |
43AA | .. Parallel to shaft cam track |
This subclass has no definition. | |
43B | . Toroidal cylinders |
This subclass has no definition. | |
43C | . Cam transmission |
This subclass has no definition. | |
45R | ROTARY RECIPROCATING PISTON: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and a working piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural features, cycle, or mode of operation, in which the working piston rotates or oscillates upon its longitudinal axis and that of the working cylinder as it reciprocates therein and in so doing opens and closes in proper order the various ports necessary to supply combustible mixture to and to permit the exhaust of the burned gases from the engine, the periphery of the piston or an extension thereof forming a closure for the supply and exhaust ports when they are required to be closed. | |
45A | . Piston and crankshaft coaxial |
This subclass has no definition. | |
46R | FREE PISTON: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and one or
more reciprocating pistons therein, one at least of which pistons
is movable freely and independently of the main shaft of the engine
on the stroke of such piston immediately following the ignition
of the charge, during which stroke the energy of the burned gases
is stored and thereafter transferred to the main shaft of the engine.
Ordinarily the freely-movable piston is the only piston employed
in engines in this subclass. The energy is ordinarily stored by
forcing the piston against the pressure of the atmosphere; and the
stored energy is ordinarily transferred to the main shaft by securing
the piston thereto by means of a suitable clutch provided with suitable
converting mechanism upon its return stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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46A | . Two chambers; one piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
46B | . Phasing means between two or more units |
This subclass has no definition. | |
46SC | . Single chamber; one piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
46E | . Electric generating means |
This subclass has no definition. | |
46H | . Hammer |
This subclass has no definition. | |
47R | VALVED PISTON: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and working
piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural
features, cycle, or mode of operation, the said working piston being
provided with a passage leading into the working cylinder and controlled
by a valve depending upon the engine for its operation, said valve
being concerned either with the supply of the successive combustible
charges to the working cylinder or with the exhaust of the burned
gases therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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47A | . Charge passes from crankcase through valve in piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
47AA | . Lost motion connection actuates valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
47AB | . Inlet and exhaust valve in piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
48R | ADJUSTABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a cylinder and a working
piston reciprocating therein, but irrespective of other structural
features, cycle, or mode of operation, in which means are provided
whereby the volume of the clearance-space or combustion-chamber
may be varied or adjusted either manually or automatically as by
a suitable governing device, to thereby insure a proper degree of
compression of the combustible charge before ignition thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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48A | . Piston in head adjusted manually or mechanically |
This subclass has no definition. | |
48AA | . Piston in head adjusted |
This subclass has no definition. | |
48B | . Piston varied by means in crankshaft, connecting rod or piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
48C | . Cylinder or sleeve-moved |
This subclass has no definition. | |
48D | . Auxiliary chamber |
This subclass has no definition. | |
50R | RECIPROCATING CYLINDER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines comprising a cylinder and a
piston therein, the cylinder being capable or reciprocatory movement
in a straight line relatively to the piston and the piston being
either immovable or adapted for simultaneous movement in a direction
opposite to the movement of the said movable cylinder whereby the
gases resulting from the combustion of a combustible mixture within
the cylinder as they expand act upon the movable cylinder and transmit
power therethrough to the main driving-shaft of the engine or act
upon the movable cylinder and the piston, when it also is movable,
to transmit power through both said elements.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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50A | . Four-cycle |
This subclass has no definition. | |
50B | . Two-cycle |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51R | MULTIPLE PISTON, COMMON NONRESTRICTIVE COMBUSTION CHAMBER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines comprising two working pistons
moving simultaneously in the opposite directions in a single cylindrical structure
composed of two working cylinders arranged tandem with a combustion-chamber between
and in permanently open communication with both said cylinders or
two working pistons moving in like manner in two similarly-arranged
cylinders whose axial lines when extended are parallel and adjacent
and which communicate with a single combustion chamber, as above,
whereby the gases resulting from the combustion of a combustible
mixture within the combustion-chamber as they expand act with equal
pressure upon both pistons and transmit substantially equal amounts
of power through each piston to the main driving shaft of the engine,
and internal-combustion engines comprising two or more such units
as are above defined.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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51A | . Four-cycle |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51AA | .. Four-cycle separate crankshaft for piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51AC | .. Two or more combustion chambers between the piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51B | . Two-cycle |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51BA | .. Two-cycle separate crankshaft for piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51BB | .. Piston offset from crankshaft |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51BC | .. Plural combustion chamber and plural piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
51BD | .. Inlet or exhaust ports in two or more planes |
This subclass has no definition. | |
52.1 | MULTIPLE CYLINDER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engine having two or more separate and
distinct cylinders and a single piston reciprocating in each cylinder
to transmit force to a load.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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GLOSSARY |
CHARGE: | |
a quantity of "working fluid" intended to be ignited for a working stroke of the "piston". |
COMBUSTION CHAMBER: | |
that volume of a "cylinder" enclosed by the "head" and the "piston" when the piston is closest to the head. |
CONNECTING ROD: | |
The most common link for transmitting power from a "piston" to a "crankshaft". |
CRANKSHAFT: | |
The most common type of "output shaft", which is journaled to turn about a fixed axis and including an offset portion for receiving energy from the piston. |
CYLINDER: | |
a member having an internally facing surface of a shape generated by a straight line rotating a fixed distance about an axis. |
HEAD: | |
the portion of a cylinder which closes off one end thereof. | |
52.2 | . Simultaneous compression, distinct pistons, restricted communication to a single combustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Multiple cylinder engine including at least two cylinders
each of which is connected to a single combustion chamber by a passage
which is constricted to limit free flow of gasses between at least
one of the cylinders and the combustion chamber and including means
to coordinate movement of the pistons so as to compress the charge
in the single combustion chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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52.3 | .. Four-stroke cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons in the working cylinders operate on a four-stroke cycle. | |
52.4 | ... Multiple crankshafts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.3. Multiple cylinder engine including two output shafts, the first having at least one crank thereon which is drivingly connected to a first piston so as to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the first output shaft, and the second output shaft having at least one crank thereon which is drivingly connected to a second piston so as to convert the reciprocating motion of that piston into rotary motion of the second output shaft. | |
52.5 | .. Two-stroke cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons in the working cylinders operate on a two-stroke cycle. | |
52.6 | ... Multiple crankshafts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.5. Multiple cylinder engine including two output shafts, the first having at least one crank thereon which is drivingly connected to a first piston so as to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the first output shaft, and the second output shaft having at least one crank thereon which is drivingly connected to a second piston so as to convert the reciprocating motion of that piston into rotary motion of the second output shaft. | |
53.1 | . Cylinder offset from crankshaft axis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Multiple cylinder engine including a crankshaft that turns about an axis extending generally perpendicularly to a plane passing through the axis of at least one cylinder the piston of which is drivingly connected thereto, wherein the cylinder axis, if extended, would not intersect the crankshaft axis. | |
53.2 | .. Multiple crankshafts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 53.1. Multiple cylinder engine including two output shafts, the first having at least one crank thereon which is drivingly connected to a first piston so as to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the first output shaft, and the second output shaft having at least one crank thereon which is drivingly connected to a second piston so as to convert the reciprocating motion of that piston into rotary motion of the second output shaft. | |
53.3 | .. Cylinders opposite: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 53.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the axes of a first and a second cylinder are spaced from each other by 180° about the crankshaft. | |
53.4 | ... Two-stroke cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 53.3. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons in the working cylinders operate on a two-stroke cycle. | |
53.5 | .. Crankshaft between parallel cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 53.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the axes of two cylinders are parallel and the axis of the crankshaft extends between the parallel axes. | |
53.6 | . Cylinders having opposing heads: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein a first and a second cylinder having axes collinear and have the combustion chamber ends of the cylinders facing one another along their axes. | |
54.1 | . Cylinders radiating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Multiple cylinder engine including a rotary output shaft
that turns about an axis intersected by and extending generally
perpendicular to the axes of the first and second cylinders, the pistons
of which are drivingly connected to the output shaft, wherein the
cylinder axes are not parallel to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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54.2 | .. Star: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein at least three cylinders are equally spaced about the centrally disposed rotary output shaft. | |
54.3 | ... Cam on rotary output shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary output shaft includes a disk or a drum with an irregularly shaped surface which is engaged by a follower linkage drivingly connected to the pistons to convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotary motion of the output shaft. | |
54.4 | .. "V" type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein first and second radially extending banks of cylinders are spaced apart by an angle of less than 180°. | |
54.5 | ... Odd number of cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.4. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the total number of cylinders is not evenly divisible by two. | |
54.6 | ... Six cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.4. Multiple cylinder engine including six or more cylinders. | |
54.7 | .... Eight cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.6. Multiple cylinder including eight or more cylinders. | |
54.8 | ..... More than eight cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.7. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the total number of cylinders is an even number greater than eight. | |
55.1 | .. Semi-radial: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.1. Multiple cylinder engine including at least three cylinders radially disposed and unequally spaced about the centrally disposed, rotary output shaft. | |
55.2 | .. Cylinders opposite: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 54.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the first and second cylinder axes are spaced from each other 180° about the crankshaft axis. | |
55.3 | ... Cam on rotary output shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 55.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary output shaft includes a disk or a drum with an irregularly shaped surface which is engaged by a follower linkage drivingly connected to the pistons to convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotary motion of the output shaft. | |
55.4 | ... Four-stroke cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 55.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons in the cylinders operate on a four-stroke cycle. | |
55.5 | .... Cylinders opposite and aligned: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 55.4. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the axes of a first and a second cylinder are spaced from each other by 180° about the crankshaft and wherein the first and second cylinder axes are collinear. | |
55.6 | ... Two-stroke cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 55.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons in the working cylinders operate on a two-stroke cycle. | |
55.7 | .... Cylinders opposite and aligned: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 55.6. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the axes of a first and a second cylinder are spaced from each other by 180° about the crankshaft and wherein the first and second cylinder axes are collinear. | |
56.1 | . Having rotary output shaft parallel to cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Multiple cylinder engine including an elongated rotary output
shaft intended to turn about its axis, in which the cylinder axes
are parallel with the rotary output shaft axis.
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56.2 | .. Cam on rotary output shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary output shaft includes a disk or a drum with an irregularly shaped surface which is engaged by a follower linkage drivingly connected to the pistons to convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotary motion of the output shaft. | |
56.3 | ... Swash plate type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the cam comprises: (a) a disk-shaped plate rigidly connected on an incline to the output shaft, the pistons engage the periphery of the disk-shaped plate with a follower linkage thereby converting reciprocating motion of the pistons to rotary motion of the output shaft; or (b) a disk-shaped plate journaled to an incline to the output shaft such that the plate wobbles without rotating about the output shaft, the pistons are linked to the periphery of the disk-shaped plate by swivel joints so that the reciprocating movement of the pistons produces a wobbling motion of the disk-shaped plate turning the inclined crank producing rotation motion of the output shaft. | |
56.4 | .... Single bank of cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.3. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the cylinders are oriented in the same direction and are configured in one group equally spaced from and encircling the output shaft. | |
56.5 | .... Motion converting means between two banks of cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.3. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the cylinders are separated into two groups, one on either side of the swash plate, each group is oriented in one direction and encircles the output shaft at equal spacing. | |
56.6 | .... Multiple swash plate drive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.3. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary output shaft includes at least two disk-shaped plates inclined to the axis of the output shaft and at least one piston is linked to the periphery of each of the disk-shaped plates such that the reciprocating motion of the pistons is converted into rotary motion of the output shaft. | |
56.7 | ... Single bank of cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the cylinders are oriented in the same direction and are configured in one group equally spaced from and encircling the output shaft. | |
56.8 | ... Motion converting means between two banks of cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the cylinders are separated into two groups, one on either side of the swash plate, each group is oriented in one direction and encircles the output shaft at equal spacing. | |
56.9 | ... Multiple cam drives: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary output shaft includes at least two contoured disks or drums and at least one piston linked by a follower arrangement to the contoured surface of the cam, so that reciprocating motion of the pistons is converted into rotary motion of the output shaft. | |
57.1 | .. Shaft rotates through piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 56.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary output shaft extends through and is rotatable in a longitudinal bore in the piston. | |
58.1 | . Cylinders in-line: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Multiple cylinder engine including a crankshaft that turns about an axis in the same plane with the axis of first and second cylinders, the pistons of which are drivingly connected to the crankshaft. | |
58.2 | .. Locked pistons: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons of the first
and second cylinders are immovably secured to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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58.3 | ... Two-stroke cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.2. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons in the working cylinders operate on a two-stroke cycle. | |
58.4 | .. Lengthwise charging: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine including means for charging the working cylinders, whereby the charging travels generally along the length of the working cylinders. | |
58.5 | ... Step piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.4. Multiple cylinder engine including at least one piston configured with at least two different cross sections along the piston"s length, the configured piston is received in a cylinder with at least two different diameter bores. | |
58.6 | .. Step piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine including at least one piston configured with at least two different cross sections along the piston"s length, the configured piston is received in a cylinder with at least two different diameter bores. | |
58.7 | .. Cylinder supercharged by pressure pulse of released exhaust gases: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein prior to opening of a first cylinder"s exhaust port, the high pressure exhaust gases of the first cylinder are released to push additional charge into a second cylinder which has already inlet charged at atmospheric pressure. | |
58.8 | .. Exhaust to next cylinder ready to fire: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein exhaust from a first cylinder is released into a second cylinder to combust the residual fuel in the exhaust. | |
58.9 | .. Oscillating or reciprocating, nonpoppet valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine including a valve mechanism which
moves to-and-fro excluding poppet valves.
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59.1 | .. Rotary valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine including a rotating valve mechanism. | |
59.2 | ... Tapered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the outer surface of revolution of the rotary valve includes at least one conical segment, the conical segment is received in a conical bore thereby sealing the conical portion of the rotary valve. | |
59.3 | ... Sleeve valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary valve consists of a hollow, thin walled surface of revolution lining or in surrounding relationship to at least a portion of a working cylinder. | |
59.4 | ... Disc valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 59.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the rotary valve has one or more thin, circular member(s) with at least one flat surface perpendicular to the axis of rotation. | |
59.5 | .. Plural carburetors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine including at least two devices for mixing air and fuel external to the combustion chamber. | |
59.6 | .. Multiple crankshafts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine including at least two output shafts, each including one or more cranks, wherein the pistons are at the working cylinder and are drivingly connected to the cranks, thereby converting the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotary motion of the output shaft. | |
59.7 | .. Two-stroke cycle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 58.1. Multiple cylinder engine wherein the pistons in the working cylinders operate on a two-stroke cycle. | |
60.1 | . Locked annular piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Multiple cylinder engine including a first piston of circular cross section and including a second piston that is hollow and concentric about the first piston, wherein the two pistons are secured to each other so that they move together. | |
This subclass has no definition. | |
61R | . Two-cycle: |
This subclass is indented under the unnumbered subclass, DOUBLE-ACTING. Internal-combustion engines working on a two-stroke cycle and in which successive burned charges act upon opposite sides of a single piston reciprocating in a single cylinder, whereby the working piston is impelled alternately in each direction. Includes two-cycle engines operating upon recompression and also two-cycle engines operating upon pump-compression cycles, both of which terms are more fully explained hereinafter. The working cylinder in the engines in this subclass is of simple cylindrical form, and the supply-pump for the combustible mixture is wholly separate and distinct from the working cylinder and is not considered in this definition. | |
62 | .. Combined pump and motor cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Internal-combustion engines working on a two stroke cycle
and in which successive combustible charges after ignition thereof
act so as to impel the working piston alternately in each direction,
the elements of the engine and of the pump for supplying the combustible
mixture thereto being all contained within a single cylinder structure
and so intimately associated as to make mechanical separation of
the two sets of elements impossible without defeating the operation
of the engine as a whole.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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61V | .. Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from cylinder head to piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
63 | . Four-cycle: |
This subclass is indented under the unnumbered subclass, DOUBLE-ACTING. Internal-combustion engines working on the four-stroke cycle, hereinafter defined, in which successive burned charges act alternately upon opposite sides of a single reciprocating piston moving in a single cylinder. | |
64 | SIX-CYCLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines of the reciprocating type working upon a modified four-stroke cycle with recompression in the working cylinder, as defined in the definition of ... , below, and in which air unmixed with combustible is drawn into and expelled from the working cylinder one or more times upon distinct suction and expelling strokes of the working piston after the end of the exhaust-stroke and before the beginning of the suction-stroke of the normal four-stroke cycle, whereby a more complete removal of the burned gases, from the working cylinder and combustion-chamber is secured. | |
65R | TWO-CYCLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engines having a single single-acting
working cylinder and a single working piston reciprocating therein
and having suitable means for supplying a combustible mixture thereto,
such engines working on the two-stroke cycle and not coming within
the definitions of the following subclasses of two-cycle engines.
Internal-combustion engines are said to work upon the two-stroke
cycle when a combustible mixture under pressure materially greater
than atmospheric pressure is burned and the resulting products of
combustion allowed to expand within the working cylinder upon every
second stroke of the working piston of the engine. The means for
supplying the combustible mixture to the engine ordinarily includes
a pump operated by and in unison therewith, which pump and engine
are generally inseparable without destroying the identity of the
device as a whole. In the engines occurring in two-cycle subclasses
a combustible mixture is supplied to the working cylinder and burned
therein under pressure upon each second stroke of the working piston,
and such mixture after having been supplied to the working cylinder
at a pressure not necessarily greater than is sufficient to insure
its flow there into may be recompressed therein by the working piston
or by the working and pump pistons acting together before ignition
and the beginning of the working stroke, which is the more ordinary
mode of operation, or the mixture may be supplied to the working
cylinder after the beginning of the working stroke and at the maximum
pressure under which it exists before ignition, in which case it
is not recompressed in the working cylinder before ignition, but
is ignited either at constant pressure as it enters or at constant
volume after the whole charge has been supplied. Two-cycle engines
coming within the latter of the above cases are classified as two-cycle
pump-compression engines. The combustible mixture is ordinarily
supplied to the working cylinder by a pump, and in the first of
the above cases, while the charge may be compressed to a considerable
degree by the supply-pump, such charge enters the working cylinder
only against the pressure of the atmosphere and after having entered
must exist therein at or substantially at atmospheric pressure,
and the initial compression of the charge upon which the efficiency
of an internal-combustion engine so largely depends is produced wholly
by recompression of the charge in the working cylinder while in
the second case such initial pressure is produced wholly by the
supply-pump which compresses the charge directly to the maximum
pressure at which it exists before ignition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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66 | . Combined pump and motor cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Two-cycle internal-combustion engines in which separate
and distinct working and pumping pistons operate in a single cylinder
a portion of which together with the working piston, forms a motor,
while another portion of such cylinder, together with the pumping-piston forms
a pump for supplying a fresh charge to the working cylinder. The
supply-pump is operated by and in unison with the engine, and as
the supply-pump and motor elements of the engine are all contained
in a single cylinder the two sets of elements are necessarily inseparable
without wholly defeating the operation of the engine in the manner
contemplated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
67 | . Divided pump discharge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Two-cycle internal-combustion engines in which the air pumped by a single supply-pump operated by and in unison with the engine is separated or divided into two separate and distinct streams, one of which passes to the working cylinder unchanged, while the other receives a supply of hydrocarbon on its way to the working cylinder. The stream to which no hydrocarbon is supplied ordinarily acts to more or less thoroughly expel the burned gases from the working cylinder prior to the formation of a new charge therein, and the two streams frequently reunite as they enter the working cylinder or shortly before entry thereinto. | |
68 | . Pump compression: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Two-cycle internal-combustion engines in which the combustible
mixture, or both the constituents thereof, is supplied to the working cylinder
under pressure materially greater than atmospheric pressure, such
supply beginning at the beginning of the working stroke and continuing
for a determinate portion thereof, the combustible mixture being
ignited either at constant pressure as it enters the cylinder or
at constant volume after the whole charge has been supplied thereto,
in either case without recompression in the working cylinder. The combustible
mixture or the constituents thereof may be supplied directly to
the working cylinder without preliminary storage or may be supplied
to suitable reservoirs interposed between the compressing means
and the working cylinder and within which a considerable volume
of combustible mixture, or its constituents, is stored. Engines
in this subclass in which ignition takes place after the whole charge
has been supplied to the working cylinder differ from those in ...
which work upon a two-stroke cycle, only in the degree of compression
to which the charge is subjected before ignition, and as some of
the engines in the subclass above mentioned are provided with a
supply-pump for forcing air through a charge-forming device to the
cylinder of the engine the combustible mixture thus produced is
necessarily supplied to such engines under some pressure. However,
where the structure and operation of the device as a whole clearly
indicate that the pressure under which the charge is supplied is so
slight as to be sufficient only to insure its flow into the working
cylinder the engine is classified in subclass 39. In engines working on
the two-cycle pump-compression cycle the whole charge properly mixed
to form a combustible mixture may be compressed by a single pump
or the air and combustible may be compressed by separate pumps to
be mixed on their way to the working cylinder or after such constituents
have entered thereinto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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69R | . Separate air and gas pumps: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Two-cycle recompression internal-combustion engines in which
air and combustible in the gaseous form are supplied to the working
cylinder or combustion-chamber by separate and distinct pumps, each
operated by and in unison with the engine, one at least of the constituents being
recompressed within the working cylinder before the ignition of
the combustible mixture. The air is ordinarily supplied to the working
cylinder of the engine before the gas, and such air is frequently
designed to more or less completely scavenge the working cylinder. In
such cases a part of the air thus supplied remains in the cylinder
to form with the gas subsequently supplied thereto the next following
charge. The air and gas may, however, enter the working cylinder
simultaneously. The air and gas are ordinarily intermixed within
the working cylinder before the completion of the compression stroke,
so that the complete charge is recompressed in the working cylinder before
the ignition thereof and the beginning of the working stroke; but
this subclass also includes engines in which one only of the constituents
of the charge is recompressed in the working cylinder, in which
case the other is supplied thereto under pressure during the working
stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
69V | .. Lengthwise scavenging of cylinder by gas from cylinder head to piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
70R | . Pump and cylinder adjacent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Two-cycle recompression internal-combustion engines in which
the working cylinder and the pump for supplying a combustible mixture thereto
are located adjacent each other, axial lines through the pump and
motor cylinders being parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the
main shaft of the engine and both lying in a plane passing through
the axis of the main shaft. In engines in this subclass the supply-pump
is inseparable from the engine and may draw both air and hydrocarbon
into the cylinder thereof upon the suction-stroke, so that the pump
operated upon the whole charge to be supplied to the working cylinder,
or the supply-pump may draw in and discharge air only, in which
case the combustible constituent of the charge is supplied to the
air during its passage to the working cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
70V | .. Lengthwise scavenging of power cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
71R | . Pump and cylinder coaxial: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Two-cycle recompression internal-combustion engines in which
the axes of the working and pump cylinders form a single straight
line which, if extended, would intersect the main shaft of the engine
at right angles, the cylinders abutting and the working piston being
prolonged and extended into the pump-cylinder and enlarged therein
to form the pumping-piston, thereby forming an annular pumping-chamber
which surrounds the extension of the working piston. From the above
it follows that the working and pump pistons form a single rigid
structure. In engines in this subclass compression of the charge
prior to the ignition thereof is effected by the joint action of
the pump and motor pistons. The arrangement above defined may be
reversed, in which case the cylinder above described as the working cylinder
becomes the cylinder of the supply-pump and the annular pumping-chamber becomes
the working chamber.
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71V | .. Lengthwise scavenging of cylinder from head to piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
71VA | .. Sleeve valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
72 | . Pump and cylinder inclined: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Two-cycle recompression internal-combustion engines in which
the working piston and the pump for supplying a combustible mixture thereto
are arranged at an angle to each other, axial lines through the
pump and motor cylinders being perpendicular to the main shaft of the
engine and lying in planes inclined to each other, which pass through
the said main shaft. The axes of the pump and working cylinder also
ordinarily lie in a single plane perpendicular to the main shaft
of the engine.
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This subclass has no definition. | |
73R | .. Crankcase: |
This subclass is indented under the unnumbered subclass, Rear compression. Two-cycle recompression internal-combustion engines having a cylinder closed at one end and an air-tight casing inclosing the connecting-rod and crank and forming a closed crank-case in open communication with the other end of the cylinder and a piston reciprocating in the said cylinder, such piston performing at the same time the functions of both a working piston and a piston for the pump which supplies a fresh charge to the engine, one end of the cylinder and the corresponding end of the piston constituting the working cylinder and piston, while the other or rear end of the piston and the corresponding end of the cylinder, together with a closed crank-case form a pump for introducing a new charge into the working end of the cylinder. In engines in this subclass the supply or exhaust ports, or both, are generally formed in the cylinder-wall and are then controlled by the piston as it reciprocates, the piston forming a closure for such ports when it is required that they be kept closed. | |
73A | ... Fuel to crankcase |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73AA | ... Ported piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73AV | .... Valved |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73AB | ... Inlet valve in head |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73AC | ... Varies compression space |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73AD | ... Lubricant oil and fuel mixing devices |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73AE | ... Auxiliary piston moves synchronously with piston to enlarge volume of crankcase or incoming charge |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73AF | ... Crankcase compression with auxiliary pump means |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73B | ... Fuel to bypass |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73BA | .... Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from head |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73C | ... Fuel to cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73CA | .... Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from head |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73CB | .... With liquid pump to separate inlet |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73CC | .... With gas or vapor pump to separate |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73D | ... Disc valves |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73DA | .... Charge to crankcase through crankshaft |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73E | ... Reentrant cylinder head |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73F | ... Stepped piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73FA | .... Ported |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73S | ... Supercharging of crankcase |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73V | ... Valves for crankcase |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73SC | ... Returns charge to crankcase or rejects to exhaust |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73PP | ... Distinct passages from crankcase to cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
73SP | ... Slow-speed operation |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74R | .. Cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under the unnumbered subclass, Rear compression. Two-cycle recompression internal-combustion engines having a cylinder closed at both ends and a piston reciprocating therein, such piston performing at the same time the functions of both a working piston and a piston for the pump which supplies a fresh charge to the engine, one end of the cylinder and the corresponding end of the piston constituting the working cylinder and piston, while the other or rear end of the piston and the corresponding end of the cylinder form a pump for introducing a new charge into the working end of the cylinder. In engines in this subclass the supply or exhaust ports, or both, are generally formed in the cylinder-wall and are then controlled by the piston as it reciprocates, the piston forming a closure for such ports when it is required that they be kept closed. | |
74A | ... Fuel to rear of piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74AA | .... Lengthwise scavenging from head |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74AP | ... Reduced portion of piston acts as guide |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74AC | ... Cross head between piston and crank |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74AE | ... Enclosed crankcase |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74B | ... Lengthwise bypass |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74C | ... Lengthwise cylinder combustion space |
This subclass has no definition. | |
74D | ... Slide valve between chamber of pump and crankcase |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65PE | . Exhaust ports |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65A | . Inlet and exhaust ports in two or more planes |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65B | . Pumps |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65BA | . Blowers |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65PD | . Port deflectors |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65E | . Scavenging by inertia of exhaust gas and charging by use of pressure waves |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65S | . Step piston (see sub. 59 BS) |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65V | . Valves |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65VA | .. Sleeve valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65VS | .. Sleeve driven by auxiliary crankshafts |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65VB | . Lengthwise scavenging list above |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65VC | . Lengthwise scavenging exhaust above |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65VD | . Intake and exhaust valve in top of cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65W | . Whirl through piston-controlled ports |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65WA | .. Whirl in top of cylinders and lengthwise scavenging |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65WV | . Vacuum intake |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65SP | . Single port for inlet and exhaust |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65EM | . Exhaust manifolds |
This subclass has no definition. | |
65P | . Ports |
This subclass has no definition. | |
306 | MEANS TO WHIRL FLUID BEFORE, UPON, OR AFTER ENTRY INTO COMBUSTION CHAMBER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which employs a combustion chamber and some
means either in the inlet or outlet of the combustion chamber or within
the chamber itself to whirl the engine fluid so that some fluid
whirling results in the combustion chamber itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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307 | . Structural projection on working piston causes whirling: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the engine working piston includes
some form of projection which induces whirling of the engine fluid
in the combustion chamber.
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308 | . Having multiple oxidant inlet means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein the combustion chamber has a plurality of separate air or oxidant inlet members. | |
309 | . Specific spark plug location: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the specific location of the spark plug with respect to the whirling fluid. | |
310 | COMBUSTION CHAMBER HAVING MULTIPLE SPARK GAPS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which employs a plurality of spark plugs
per engine combustion chamber or which employs a plurality of spark
gaps per combustion chamber with the spark gaps extending beyond
the diameter of spark plug hole.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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311 | FOUR-CYCLE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having a single-acting working cylinder and
a single working piston reciprocating therein and in which compression takes
place in the working cylinder before ignition, said engine working
upon a cycle comprising four distinct strokes, namely, an expansion
stroke following ignition of the charge, followed by exhaust, intake,
and compression strokes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
312 | . Engine cylinder having a reciprocating sleeve valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Subject matter in which the four-stroke engine utilizes
a reciprocating sleeve to valve the intake or exhaust port. The
sleeve is reciprocated in timed relationship with the movement of
the piston in the cylinder.
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313 | .. Having a junk ring seal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Subject matter in which a sealing ring is provided between
the sleeve valve and cylinder head.
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314 | .. Having sleeve valve lubrication means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Subject matter including means to provide for lubrication of the sleeve valve. | |
315 | . Multiple exhaust: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Subject matter wherein said exhaust means comprises a plurality of exhaust apertures. | |
316 | . Having subcharger associated with the cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Subject matter wherein some part of the charge is bled from the cylinder upon compression, stored and then returned to the system upon a subsequent intake stroke. | |
317 | . Crankcase compression of air or combustible mixture to be subsequently pumped into the working cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Subject matter wherein the charge or any part of the charge is compressed at least partially in the chamber housing the engine crankshaft upon the downstroke of the engine working piston; the pressurized air or mixture is then pumped into the cylinder to insure complete filling. | |
318 | . Rear compression of air or combustible mixture to be subsequently pumped into the working cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Subject matter wherein the charge or some part of the charge
is compressed by the engine working piston on its downstroke in
a volume other than that of the engine crankcase.
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76 | . Scavenging: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal combustion engines in which a volume
of air unmixed with combustible is caused to pass through the working
cylinder of the engine or the combustion-chamber thereof at any
time between the end of the working stroke and the beginning of
the next following charging stroke, whereby to secure a more complete
removal of the burned gases of the previous charge from the cylinder
and combustion-chamber, so that the successive charges will be unmixed
with residual burned gases from a previous charge. The scavenging action
may take place before or after or be simultaneous with the regular
exhaust stroke of the engine. In the engines in this subclass a complete
charge comprising all the ingredients necessary to form a combustible
mixture enters the cylinder upon distinct charging stroke, the air
supplied for the purpose of scavenging, not being necessary to form
or complete the following charge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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77 | . Single revolution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines in which a four-stroke
cycle is carried out during a single revolution of the main shaft
of the engine. For the purposes of this definition of continuous
movement of the working piston in one direction is considered as
two strokes and the sequence of the strokes is varied from that present
in engines working on the ordinary four-stroke cycle, the working
stroke being followed by the charging stroke as the piston moves
in one direction and the exhaust and compression strokes taking
place in the order named as the piston moves in the reverse direction.
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78R | . Variable clearance: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines provided with means
whereby the clearance-space is varied in unison with the movement
of the working piston, being as far as practicable eliminated at
the end of the exhaust-stroke and greatest at the end of the compression-stroke, whereby
to secure a more complete removal of the residual burned gases from
the cylinder and combustion-chamber of the engine. The clearance-space
is ordinarily varied by causing the strokes of the working piston
to vary in length, and the four strokes required for a complete cycle
are frequently performed during a single revolution of the main
shaft of the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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78A | .. Piston in head adjusted mechanically |
This subclass has no definition. | |
78AA | ... Piston in head adjusted by fluid means |
This subclass has no definition. | |
78B | .. Varying means is in the piston |
This subclass has no definition. | |
78BA | ... Varying means is in the piston connection |
This subclass has no definition. | |
78C | .. Cylinder or sleeve moved |
This subclass has no definition. | |
78D | .. Auxiliary chamber |
This subclass has no definition. | |
78E | .. Varying means is in the connecting rod |
This subclass has no definition. | |
78F | .. Varying means is in the crankshaft |
This subclass has no definition. | |
79R | . Single poppet valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines in which the combustible charge enters the working cylinder and after ignition and expansion the burned gases are exhausted therefrom through a single passage controlled by a single positively-operated poppet or equivalent valve, said common passage being provided with means for directing the flow of the combustible charge from a supply-conduit to the common conduit and for directing the flow of the exhaust-gases from such common conduit into the exhaust-conduit leading from the engine. The directing means ordinarily comprise a valve or valves operated either positively or by the suction and pressure alternately existing in the common conduit, and such means are protected from the pressure of the gases within the cylinder by the single valve. | |
79A | .. Rotary valve and poppet which extends through rotary valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
79C | .. Concentric valves; relatively movable |
This subclass has no definition. | |
80R | . Rotating valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines provided with a rotating
valve for directly controlling the supply of combustible mixture
to the working cylinder or the exhaust of burned gases therefrom
and means operated by the engine for rotating the said valve to
secure the continuous and automatic operation of the engine. The
rotating valve in the engines in this subclass ordinarily control
both the supply to and the exhaust from the engine and frequently also
a passage used in connection with a flame or incandescent igniting
device, and the valve is so designed with reference to the particular engine
with which it is used or with reference to other elements of the
engine as to be incapable of convenient separation therefrom or
of use with other engines.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
80BA | .. Rotary valve is perpendicular to cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
80BB | .. Rotary valve is parallel to cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
80C | .. Sleeve valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
80D | .. Disc valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
80DA | .. Rotary plug |
This subclass has no definition. | |
81R | . Oscillating valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines provided with an
oscillating valve for directly controlling the supply of combustible
mixture to the working cylinder or the exhaust of burned gases therefrom
and means operated by the engine for oscillating the said valve
to secure the continuous and automatic operation of the engine.
The oscillating valve ordinarily controls both the supply to and
the exhaust from the engine and frequently also a passage used in
connection with a flame or incandescent igniting device, and the
valve is so designed with reference to the particular engine with which
it is used or with reference to other elements of the engine as
to be incapable of convenient separation therefrom or of use with other
engines.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
81B | .. Oscillating valve - not sleeve or disc |
This subclass has no definition. | |
81C | .. Sleeve valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
81D | .. Disc valve |
This subclass has no definition. | |
82 | . Rotating side shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having a rotating
shaft driven from the crank-shaft thereof and extending parallel
to the axis of the working cylinder and ordinarily along the side of
the engine, said shaft being provided with means, generally in the
form of cams, for operating in the proper order one or more of the valves,
the igniting device or other element necessary for the continuous
automatic operation of the engine, and mechanism including a rotating
shaft located as above set forth and designed to operate the valves
or other elements of the engine, but not shown in connection with
all the elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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83 | . Rotating transverse shaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having a rotating
shaft driven from the crank-shaft thereof and extending transverse
to the axis of the working cylinder and clear across the engine,
said shaft being provided with means, generally in the form of cams,
for operating in the proper order one or more of the valves, the igniting
device, or other element necessary for the continuous automatic
operation of the engine, and mechanism including a rotating shaft
located as above set forth and designed to operate the valves or
other elements of the engine, but not shown in connection with all the
elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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84 | . Adjacent supply and exhaust valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having the supply and exhaust valves thereof located adjacent and in a single valve-chamber, the axes of such valves being parallel with the axial line of the working cylinder and both valves being positively operated, and reciprocating rods extending longitudinally of the engine and operated by and in unison therewith for operating such valves in the proper order to secure the continuous automatic operation of the engine, and similar arrangements of valves and operating means therefor but not shown in connection with all the elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine. | |
85 | . Aligned supply and exhaust valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having the supply and exhaust valves thereof arranged in alinement and in a single valve-chamber, the common axis of such valves being parallel with the axial line of the working cylinder, and a reciprocating rod or rods extending longitudinally of the engine and operated by and in unison therewith for operating one or both such valves in the proper order to secure the continuous automatic operation of the engine, and similar arrangements of valves and operating means therefor, but not shown in connection with all the elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine. | |
86 | . Opposite supply and exhaust valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having the supply and exhaust valves thereof located in separate valve-chambers upon opposite sides of the working cylinder, the axes of such valves being parallel with the axial line of the working cylinder and lying in a plane passing therethrough and through the axis of the crank-shaft, and a reciprocating rod or rods extending longitudinally of the engine and operated by and in unison therewith for operating one or both of such valves in the proper order to secure the continuous automatic operation of the engine, and similar arrangements of valves and operating means therefor, but not shown in connection with all the elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine. | |
87 | . Longitudinal valve and lever: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having the supply or exhaust valve thereof, or both, located in the cylinder head and disposed longitudinally to the working cylinder, the movement of such valve or valves being along a line parallel with the axial line of the working cylinder, a lever disposed transverse to the working cylinder and a reciprocating operating member operated by and in unison with the engine for operating such valve or valves in the proper order to secure continuous operation thereof, and similar arrangements of valves and operating means therefor, but not shown in connection with all the elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine. | |
88 | . Transverse valve and lever: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having the supply or exhaust valve thereof, or both, disposed transverse to the working cylinder, the axis of such valve or valves lying in a plane perpendicular to the axial line of the working cylinder, and a lever extending longitudinally of the engine and operated by and in unison therewith for operating the valve or valves aforesaid in the proper order to secure the continuous automatic operation thereof, and similar arrangements of valves and operating means therefor, but not shown in connection with all the elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine. | |
89 | . Transverse valve and bell crank: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Four-cycle internal-combustion engines having the supply or exhaust valve thereof, or both, disposed transverse to the working cylinder, the axis of such valve or valves lying in a plane perpendicular to the axial line of the working cylinder, and a bell-crank lever operated by and in unison with the engine for operating such valve or valves in the proper order to secure the continuous automatic operation thereof, and similar arrangements of valves and operating means therefor, but not shown in connection with all the elements necessary to form a complete and operative engine. | |
319 | ENGINE SPEED REGULATOR: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter in which the output shaft speed of an internal
combustion engine is controlled (i.e., accelerate, decelerate, or
maintain constant R.P.M.) by varying the power input thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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320 | . Responsive to deceleration mode (e.g., engine acting as a brake): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter wherein the speed regulator senses high manifold
vacuum, closed throttle, and rpm above idle and responds to cause
or attempt to cause a further reduction in engine rpm.
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321 | .. Valve timing altering means (e.g., axially sliding cam shift): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter in which a device is provided to alter the instant at which opening or closing of an engine valve begins, to cause the engine to act as a brake. | |
322 | ... Electrical means adapted to alter valve timing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Subject matter having means to change the amount of time the intake or exhaust valve is open, each cycle wherein said means is electric. | |
323 | .. Exhaust throttling or blocking: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter to throttle or block the exhaust as the engine
acts as a brake.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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324 | .. Part of the air or combustible mixture to the engine cylinder omitted: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter that includes means to omit a portion of the engine input air or charge, further decelerating the motor or clean the exhaust of the already decelerating motor. | |
325 | .. Deceleration responsive cutoff of fuel to engine (e.g., pollution control): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter including means to stop fuel flow of the engine to decal the engine or clean up the emissions of the already decelerating engine. | |
326 | ... Rich resupply of fuel at end of deceleration: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Subject matter to deliver a squirt of fuel to the engine to facilitate a burst of power for an impending acceleration. | |
327 | .. Auxiliary air fed to the engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter wherein means are provided to supply additional air to the engine cylinder in response to a deceleration condition. | |
328 | .. Idle jet bypassed by a slight opening of the throttle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter in which the speed regulator includes means to open the throttle butterfly slightly when the engine is in a deceleration condition to prevent an excessive amount of fuel from being drawn from the idle jet. | |
329 | .. Having means to retard spark (e.g., ignition timing): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter in which the speed regulator includes means to retard the spark firing instant so that the plug fires closer to or after top dead center. | |
330 | . Engine speed reduction by overriching the combustible mixture (e.g., choking engine): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter to regulate the engine speed by adding more fuel to the mix or otherwise providing less air per part of mix, thus producing a choking effect on the engine, resulting in engine speed reduction. | |
331 | .. By electric means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Subject matter wherein said engine speed regulating means is electrical or is an electrically actuated mechiready decelerating engine. | |
332 | . Engine speed reduction by fuel cutoff: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter to regulate the engine speed by stopping the fuel supply to the engine. | |
333 | .. By electric means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Subject matter including means to stop fuel flow to the engine wherein said means is electric or is an electrically actuated mechanical or fluidic means. | |
334 | . Engine speed reduction by partial or complete omission of the ignition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter in which a means to regulate engine speed is operative to prevent ignition in at least one engine cylinder. | |
335 | .. By electric means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter in which a means to prevent ignition is electrically operated. | |
336 | . Having plural throttle valve structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter having more than one butterfly valve in the engine intake (e.g., carburetor). | |
337 | . Specific throttle valve structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter wherein the carburetor or engine intake has a unique butterfly configuration that is significant to its operation as a speed regulating device. | |
338 | . Fuel injection pump bypass control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter having a fuel injection pump bypass governor
so that fuel is diverted from the pumping chamber during the pump
intake stroke, or part of the fuel delivered past the pump outlet
valve is diverted from delivery to the associated engine.
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339.1 | . Idle speed control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter (a) wherein the output shaft has a varied
minimum operating speed, and (b) comprising a manual input member
and means for adjusting the minimum operating speed of the shaft
while maintaining the manual input member (e.g., accelerator pedal,
hand control) at a minimum position.
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339.11 | .. By regulating spark ignition timing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.1. Subject matter comprising a combustion chamber, a combustible
mixture, a piston traveling in the chamber, a rotatable crankshaft,
and means creating a short pulse or flow of electric current for
causing the combustible mixture to burn in the combustion chamber
wherein the minimum output shaft operating speed is adjusted by
varying the point of piston travel or crankshaft rotation at which
the short pulse or flow of electric current occurs.
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339.12 | .. And air-fuel ratio feedback controlled: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.1. Subject matter comprising a combustion chamber having a
space therein, a combustible mixture containing an oxidant and a
fuel, and wherein the minimum output shaft operating speed is adjusted
and the relative proportion of oxidant and fuel in the combustible
mixture which is fed to the combustion space or chamber is varied
according to a sensed parameter indicative of the proportion of
oxidant in the mixture.
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339.13 | .. Manual adjustment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.1. Subject matter wherein the means for adjusting the minimum
output shaft operating speed of the internal combustion engine is
adjusted by hand or through use of a hand-manipulated tool.
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339.14 | .. Electrically operated control means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.1. Subject matter wherein the means for adjusting the minimum
output shaft operating speed of the internal combustion engine is
powered by electrical energy.
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339.15 | ... With fail-safe, backup, or malfunction detecting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.14. Subject matter and wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means includes an electrical circuit having a circuit element and wherein
the electrically powered adjusting means (a) upon sensing failure
in the circuit element shifts operation (1) into a substitute circuit,
or (2) to a substitute mechanism to accomplish the same function,
or (b) senses functioning of the circuit or circuit element outside
of acceptable parameters.
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339.16 | ... External load condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.14. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means is adjusted or modified in response to a signal from a transducer responsive
to a parameter indicative of the resistance to rotation of the output
shaft of the engine by a device driven by the engine.
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339.17 | .... Air conditioner operating mode responsive (i.e., compressor on-off): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.16. Subject matter including (1) an apparatus (a) for lowering
a temperature and humidity of an enclosed space, and (b) having
a clutch compressor and (2) wherein the minimum engine output shaft
operating speed is adjusted in response to a parameter indicative of
the state of engagement (i.e., on or off) of the compressor clutch.
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339.18 | .... Accessory load (e.g., lights, heater blower motor, radiator fan motor, generator) on engine electrical system responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.16. Subject matter comprising an ancillary device that induces
a resistance to rotation of the output shaft and wherein the electrically powered
means for adjusting the minimum engine output shaft operating speed
responds to a condition indicative of the resistance to rotation
of the output shaft induced by the ancillary device.
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339.19 | ... By engine speed error feedback: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.14. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means (a) measures an actual minimum engine output shaft operating speed,
(b) compares the measured output shaft operating speed to a target
minimum output shaft operating speed, and (c) adjusts the measured
output shaft operating speed to achieve the target minimum output
shaft operating speed.
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339.2 | .... Dynamic state variable model: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.19. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means (a) has a preprogrammed memory of stored values from a previous
test phase (e.g., bench test), (b) compares actual engine condition
values to the stored values, and (c) anticipates adjustments
necessary to control the minimum output shaft operating speed.
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339.21 | .... And integral or derivative control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.19. Subject matter and wherein the electrically powered adjusting means (a) receives a signal indicative of an engine operating parameter, and (b) either (1) determines on a continuous basis the total value of the parameter being measured as a function of time or (2) determines a rate of change of the parameter being measured as a function of time, and (c) uses the result to vary the minimum engine shaft operating speed. | |
339.22 | .... And temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.19. Subject matter and wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means additionally adjusts the minimum engine shaft operating speed
in response to changes in temperature (e.g., temperature of an engine
component, engine fluid, or the ambient environment).
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339.23 | .... Controlling throttle bypass: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.19. Subject matter comprising a combustion mixture forming conduit
having a means for varying its cross-sectional area and wherein (a)
a fluid passage extends from a location upstream from the means
for varying the cross-sectional area of the mixture forming conduit to
a location downstream from the means for varying the cross-sectional
area of the mixture forming conduit, and (b) a device controls the flow
of fluid through the fluid passage to vary the minimum engine output
shaft operating speed.
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339.24 | ... Temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.14. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means adjusts the minimum engine shaft operating speed in response
to changes in temperature (e.g., temperature of an engine component,
engine fluid, or the ambient environment).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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339.25 | ... Including rotary actuator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.14. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means includes a member which is turned about an axis by a source
of electrical energy.
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339.26 | .... Stepping motor type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.25. Subject matter comprising (a) a device which converts electrical
energy into mechanical energy which tends to assume a predetermined
angular position in response to being continuously energized, and
indexes in discreet angular increments of essentially uniform magnitude
as a function of electrical pulse inputs, and (b) wherein the member
which is turned about its axis is driven by the device.
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339.27 | ... Including linear reciprocating solenoid control device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.14. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting
means comprises an actuator which uses electrical energy to change
the position of a movable element to regulate the minimum output
shaft operating speed, the actuator having a coil and an armature,
and the coil and armature being mounted for relative movement in
a straight line back and forth along its axis when the coil is energized.
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339.28 | .... Having valve controlled vacuum actuator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.27. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting means controls the flow of a fluid through a passage connected to an expansible chamber of negative fluid pressure, and the negative fluid pressure in the chamber is used to actuate the movable element that varies the minimum output shaft operating speed. | |
339.29 | .. By overriding injection pump governor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 339.1. Subject matter (a) comprising a fuel pressurizing and metering
device, a mechanical fuel quantity regulator that varies the amount
of fuel fed to the engine from the fuel pressurizing and metering
device at all operating speeds, and (b) wherein the means for adjusting
the minimum output shaft operating speed of the internal combustion
engine modifies operation of the mechanical fuel quantity regulator
when the engine is at the minimum output shaft operating speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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342 | . Regulator changes length of accelerator linkage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter having means to change the length of the
linkage connecting the engine throttle valve and the operating lever
or pedal.
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343 | . Regulator accessory (e.g., cleaner, adjusting tool, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter for use with an engine speed regulator not
provided for elsewhere.
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344 | . Charge proportion varying (e.g., the fuel-air ratio is varied): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter including means for regulating the speed
of an engine by automatically varying the relative amount of air
and fuel forming the combustible charge.
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345 | . By changing valve lift: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter in which the speed regulator acts to alter
the lift of a cyclically operated valve controlling the flow of
the fuel-air mixture to or from the combustion chamber.
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346 | .. Intake valve lift altered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Subject matter in which the regulated valve is the mixture inlet valve. | |
347 | . By changing valve timing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter in which the speed regulator acts to alter
the timing of a cyclically operated valve controlling the flow of
the fuel-air mixture to or from the combustion chamber.
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348 | .. Intake valve timing altered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter in which the cyclically operated valve is the mixture inlet valve. | |
349 | . Having condition responsive means with engine being part of a closed feedback system (e.g., cruise control): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter in which the speed regulator (a) responds
to an engine parameter and produces an initial speed control output
to alter the present speed of the engine, (b) monitors the engine"s
response to this initial speed control output, and (c) if necessary,
modifies the speed control output of the regulator.
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350 | .. Electrical sensing or regulating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter in which the parameter is electrically sensed
or in which the regulating action is electrically effected.
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351 | ... Engine overspeed sensing with an indicator or alarm and speed regulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Subject matter in which the engine speed is sensed and the speed regulated to decrease rpm when the engine speed is higher than a predetermined limiting speed, and combined with an overspeed alarm or indicator. | |
352 | ... Engine speed sensing having an error signal producing circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Subject matter in which the regulator employs a specific type or design of circuit to (a) compare the actual engine speed with a desired or preset speed, and (b) produce an output signal when the two speeds are unequal. | |
353 | .... Having variable duty cycle multivibrator (e.g., length of "time on" in each cycle): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter in which the regulator employs an output
of a variable duty cycle controlled oscillator to effect the speed
regulation.
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354 | .... Having variable frequency multivibrator (e.g., number of "time ons" per unit of time): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter in which the regulator includes a variable frequency oscillator or multivibrator having a constant length output pulse. | |
355 | .... Having phase difference detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter in which the error signal producing circuit has means to compare an electrical signal representative of the desired engine speed with an electrical signal representative of the actual engine speed in order to determine if the two signals are coincident in time (in phase) with each other, thereby producing an error signal if the signals compared are found not to be coincident in time (out of phase). | |
356 | .... Circuit resonates (e.g., tuned) at governed speed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter in which the error signal producing circuit has means to compare the actual engine speed to the desired engine speed and contains means to tune the circuit so that the circuit resonates or oscillates, producing no error signal output when the speeds compared are the same. | |
357 | .... Electric fuel injection pump governor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter in which the output of the error signal producing circuit is used to control the engine speed by controlling the fuel delivery of a fuel injection pump. | |
358 | ..... Max-min governor (i.e., no control in between): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Subject matter in which the circuit output regulates the fuel injection pump output to maintain a minimum engine speed and prevent engine speed from exceeding a maximum value. | |
359 | ..... Fail-safe feature (e.g., cuts off fuel pump): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Subject matter in which safety means is provided to effect
backup control when part of the electric regulator fails.
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360 | .... Circuit controls a fluid throttle operator (e.g., vacuum): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter in which the output of the circuit is used
to control a throttle valve or speed adjusting mechanism that is
fluid powered.
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361 | .... Circuit controls an electric throttle operator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter in which the output of the circuit is used to control a throttle valve or speed adjusting mechanism that is electrically powered. | |
362 | ... Cold engine control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Subject matter in which the regulator includes means to effect special control of engine speed during engine starting or warm-up conditions. | |
363 | .. Mechanical sensor or regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter in which the sensor or regulator is a mechanical device, e.g., lever, gear, cam. | |
364 | ... Fuel injection pump governor (e.g., diesel): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Subject matter in which the engine employs a fuel injector
regulator to control the speed of the engine by adjusting the amount
of fuel fed to the engine by its fuel injection pump.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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365 | .... Governor override: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter in which means is provided to prevent or
modify normal action of the regulator.
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366 | ..... Engine starting or warm-up control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Subject matter in which the means for modifying normal action of the injection pump governor is operative during starting or warm-up of the associated engine. | |
367 | ..... Variable throttle or control rod stop: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Subject matter in which the means for modifying normal action of the injection pump governor operates to limit the distance that the governor can move the control rod (rack) of the pump. | |
369 | .... Three-dimensional cam control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter in which the governor includes a rotary cam whose profile is such that axial movement of the cam is effective to alter the cam lift action (e.g., at one axial extreme the cam provides maximum lift to a valve while at the other extreme minimum lift is produced). | |
370 | .... Acceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter in which the governor includes means for special adjustment of the pump output in response to a sudden demand for an increase in the power output of the engine (acceleration). | |
371 | .... Deceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter in which the injector pump governor is responsive to (a) high manifold vacuum, (b) closed throttle, and (c) rpm above idle. | |
372 | .... Biased axial link (e.g., sliding rod with spring return): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter in which the governor regulation is effected
through a biased axially moving rod or link.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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373 | .... Pivoted link connected to pump rack: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter in which the governor regulation is effected
by a pivoted lever one end of which is connected to the fuel pump
rack (member which controls pump delivery amount).
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374 | ..... Movable fulcrum (e.g., slot and pin): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 373. Subject matter in which the point at which the lever is pivoted (fulcrum point) is movable. | |
375 | ... Fuel injection pressure governor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Subject matter wherein speed regulation is effected by means that controls the fuel injection pressure. | |
376 | ... Throttle positioning: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Subject matter in which the speed regulator is effected by means controlling the position of an engine intake throttle. | |
377 | .... Safety override of dangerous manual position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Subject matter wherein feedback means is provided to override a manually positioned throttle so as to prevent an unsafe or undesired engine operating condition. | |
378 | .. Fluidic sensor or regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter wherein the engine speed or other parameter
sensed, the sensing action, the regulator, or the output control
actuator is fluidic.
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379 | ... Fuel injection pump governor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter in which the fuel for the engine is provided
to an engine cylinder or intake manifold by a fuel injection pump
and in which the speed of the engine is regulated by varying the
delivery amount of the pump.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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380 | .... Barometric sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter wherein atmospheric pressure is an input parameter to the injection pump governor. | |
381 | .... Fuel viscosity sensor (e.g., temperature sensing): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter wherein the viscosity of the injected fuel
is an input parameter to the injection pump governor.
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382 | .... Manifold pressure sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter where the engine intake manifold pressure
is a parameter input to the fuel injection pump governor.
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383 | ..... Supercharger: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter where a supercharger or other means of pressurizing the engine intake air is employed. | |
384 | .... Floating piston-type governor (e.g., Bessiere): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter in which the injection pump governor includes a freely floating piston whose position within the pumping cylinder is determined by (a) the amount of fluid trapped between said floating piston and a second driving piston, and (b) the position of the driving piston, and in which the effective pumping stroke may be controlled by varying the amount of trapped fluid during part or all of the pumping cycle. | |
385 | .... Liquid fluid governor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter in which the sensor or regulating action of the governor is provided by means that makes use of a liquid fluid. | |
386 | ..... Lubrication pressure sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Subject matter in which the governor control means is responsive to the pressure of the fluid used to lubricate the engine. | |
387 | ..... Fuel pressure sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Subject matter in which the fluid is the fuel that is to be burned in the engine. | |
388 | ..... Override for basic mechanical governor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Subject matter in which liquid fluid means acts to modify or prevent operation of a mechanical governor. This may occur during starting, cold engine operation, etc. | |
389 | ... Intake manifold vacuum responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter where the speed regulator utilizes engine intake manifold vacuum as in input. | |
390 | ... Fuel injection pressure governor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter wherein speed regulation is effected by means that controls the fuel injection pressure. | |
391 | ... Responsive to intake airflow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter in which engine speed is regulated in response to the output from a device sensing the flow of air being inducted into the engine air intake. | |
392 | ... Responsive to cooling fan airflow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter in which engine speed is regulated in response
to the output from a device sensing the flow of air past or through
the engine cooling means.
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393 | ... Responsive to exhaust gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Subject matter wherein the fluid sensed is the engine exhaust gas. | |
394 | .. By combustion air or air-fuel mixture cutoff: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 349. Subject matter wherein the flow of the engine"s intake
air or air-fuel mixture is throttled or cutoff by a valve means
in the engine intake (other than the engine throttle) acting in
response to engine speed.
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395 | . Open loop condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter in which speed regulating means responds to (a) an engine parameter, or (b) an environmental condition to alter the present engine speed without regard to the resulting engine speed. | |
396 | .. Resistance or override acts on input connection to regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter in which condition responsive means are provided
to alter or override the action of a speed control of the engine.
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397 | ... Shutdown safety device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 396. Subject matter which acts to place the speed regulator at idle or full stop position when a condition indicating an unsafe or otherwise undesirable engine condition occurs. | |
398 | ... Throttle position lock: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 396. Subject matter that act in response to a sensed condition to lock the speed regulator at a particular throttle position. | |
399 | .. Having an electrical device between input and speed regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter in which there is some electrical device
in the control path between the sensed engine condition and the
actual engine speed regulator.
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400 | .. Mechanical connection between input and speed regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter in which the control path between the sensed engine condition and the actual engine speed regulator is mechanical. | |
401 | .. Fluidic device between input and regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter in which there is some fluidic device-hydraulic
or pneumatic-in the control path between the sensed engine condition
and the engine speed regulator.
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402 | . Charge volume varying (e.g., total amount of mixture fed to engine is varied; relative amounts of air and fuel are fixed): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter for regulating the speed of an internal combustion
engine by varying the volume at constant pressure of successive
charge of air-fuel mixture fed to the working cylinder.
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403 | .. Throttling (e.g., volume varying using throttle valve): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 402. Subject matter in which the flow of fuel, oxidant, or combustible mixture to the engine or mixing chamber is controlled by varying the cross-sectional area of the mixture conduit or of the conduits of the components of the mixture, thereby varying the volume of charge for induction into the engine cylinder. | |
404 | .. Suction operated supply valve lift regulating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 402. Subject matter in which the volume of the charge of combustible mixture to the engine is varied by controlling the degree of opening or amount of lift of an intake valve whose operation is dependent on the suction created in the cylinder during the intake stroke. | |
405 | .. By engine operated valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 402. Subject matter in which said device includes an engine driven
valve and acts either to open the valve to a variable degree during
the entire engine intake stroke, or open the valve during variable
portions of the intake stroke.
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406.11 | SPARK IGNITION TIMING CONTROL: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein (a) a short pulse or flow of electric
current which arcs across a pair of electrodes in the combustion
chamber is used to cause a mixture of combustible material and oxidant
in the combustion chamber to burn (i.e., spark ignition), (b) the
engine has a point of piston travel or crankshaft rotation during
each combustion cycle at which the spark ignition occurs (i.e.,
spark ignition timing), and (c) the engine has a regulator means (i.e.,
control) to vary spark ignition timing in response to a change
in either (1) an engine operating condition (e.g., temperature,
load, etc.), (2) an ambient operating condition (e.g., ambient temperature,
barometric pressure, etc.) or (3) the position of a manually operated
control device.
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406.12 | . Electronic control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.11. Subject matter wherein the regulator means for varying spark
ignition timing includes an electrical component which either (a)
modifies an electrical input signal to the component, or (b) creates
an electrical output signal from the component.
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406.13 | .. With fail-safe, backup or malfunction detecting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes electrical adjusting means that upon detecting failure
in a circuit or circuit element (a) shifts operation (1) into a
substitute circuit or (2) to a substitute mechanism to accomplish
the same function, or (b) indicates functioning of the circuit or
circuit element outside of acceptable parameters.
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406.14 | ... Including spark failure responsive means (e.g., misfire): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.13. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes means to detect the omission of the short
pulse or flow of electric current which arcs across the pair of
electrodes in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion
engine.
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406.15 | ... Fuel sensor malfunction responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.13. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a signal indicative of a cessation of proper functioning (i.e.,
outside of normal operating parameters) of a transducer sensitive
to a characteristic of that component of the combustible mixture
which is consumed to produce energy (i.e., fuel).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.16 | ... Knock control malfunction responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.13. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a signal indicative of a cessation of proper functioning of a
circuit means which is responsive to an unusually high force (i.e.,
outside of normal operating parameters) of a shock wave produced
when the mixture of combustible material and oxidant in the combustion
chamber is detonated.
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406.17 | ... Cylinder pressure sensor malfunction responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.13. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a signal indicative of a cessation of proper functioning of a
transducer which responds to changes of pressure of fluid (e.g.,
combustible mixture, products of combustion, etc.) in the combustion
chamber.
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406.18 | ... Engine shaft rotational position sensor malfunction responsive (e.g., crank shaft, cam shaft): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.13. Subject matter wherein (a) the engine includes an elongated
member located in the engine block or in the cylinder head which continuously turns in the same direction
about its axis during engine operation and transmits torque or motion
and (b) the regulating means is responsive to a signal indicative
of a cessation of proper functioning of a transducer which responds
to changes in rotational displacement of the elongated member.
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406.19 | .. Closed loop feedback control of spark timing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means (a) measures
an actual engine parameter, and produces an initial control output
signal to alter spark ignition timing, (b) compares the measured
parameter to a target value, and (c) if necessary, modifies the
spark ignition timing to cause the measured parameter to achieve
the target value.
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406.2 | ... Separate control for each cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.19. Subject matter wherein the regulating means varies the spark ignition timing for each combustion chamber individually. | |
406.21 | .... Knock responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.2. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a signal indicative of an unusually high force (i.e., outside
of normal operating parameters) of a shock wave produced when the
mixture of combustible material and oxidant in the combustion chamber
is detonated.
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406.22 | .... Cylinder pressure responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.2. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a signal indicative of the force per unit area of either (a)the
combustible material or (b) the products of combustion in the combustion
chamber.
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406.23 | ... Engine output (e.g., torque, speed, horsepower) or fuel consumption optimization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.19. Subject matter wherein the regulating means responds to
a signal indicative of either (a) the power or force produced by
the internal combustion engine, or (b) the rate at which the combustible
material is burned, and (c) continuously varies the spark ignition
timing to obtain either (1) the best attainable power or force produced
by the engine, or (2) the best rate, for a given set of conditions,
at which the supply of the combustible material is used.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.24 | ... Including means responsive to the instantaneous change in engine speed (e.g., roughness, unstable combustion, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.19. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to sudden variations in the rate of rotation of an engine output
shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.25 | .... Acceleration or deceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.24. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a sudden demand for an increase or decrease in the power or torque
output of the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.26 | ... Combustion condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.19. Subject matter wherein the regulating means senses a characteristic
or parameter indicative of the state of burning of the combustible
mixture (e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.) and uses such information
to modify spark ignition timing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.27 | .... Combustion failure responsive (e.g., misfire): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.26. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes means to detect a complete omission of
the burning of the combustible mixture.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.28 | .... Combustion condition sensed by optical sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.26. Subject matter wherein the condition or parameter is detected
by a transducer responsive to visible, infrared, or ultraviolet radiation
within the combustion chamber.
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406.29 | .... Engine knock responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.26. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a signal indicative of an unusually high force (i.e., outside
of normal operating parameters) of a shock wave produced when the
combustible mixture of combustible material and oxidant in the combustion chamber
is detonated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.3 | ..... Fuel quality or composition signal responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.29. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing is additionally responsive to a signal indicative
of either (a) how well the combustible material burns (e.g., octane
rating, grade) or (b) the relative proportion of constituent chemicals
in the combustible material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.31 | ...... Alcohol concentration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.3. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark ignition timing is additionally responsive to a signal indicative of the relative proportion of a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid,, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or, synthetically, by hydration of ethylene (e.g., C2H5OH) (i.e., alcohol) per unit of volume of combustible material. | |
406.32 | ...... Having a plurality of speed/load maps related to fuel quality or composition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.3. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes (a) more than one digital memory table
addressed by both the rate of rotation of the engine output shaft
and the resistance to rotation of the engine output shaft and (b)
wherein one of the tables is selected according to the signal indicative
of either (1) how well the combustible material burns (e.g., octane
rating, grade) or (2) the relative proportion of constituent chemicals in
the combustible material (e.g., composition).
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406.33 | ..... With modifying or updating memory (i.e., learning): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.29. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes an information storage section for storing
values of spark ignition timing adjustment, the values being stored
at a plurality of memory locations, and wherein the stored values
may be replaced by newly determined values to produce the desired
spark ignition timing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.34 | ..... Modification of knock signal by engine operating condition signal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.29. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing (a) generates a signal indicative of a measured
actual engine operational parameter (e.g., engine speed, engine
temperature), (b) produces an initial control output signal indicative
of the unusually high force (i.e., outside of normal operating parameters)
of the shock wave produced when the combustible mixture of combustible
material and oxidant in the combustion chamber is detonated, and
(c) changes or interrupts the initial control output signal in response
to the signal indicative of the measured actual engine operational
parameter.
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406.35 | ...... Engine operating condition is load or speed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.34. Subject matter wherein the operational parameter is indicative
of either (a) a resistance to rotation of an engine output shaft,
or (b) the rate of rotation of (1) the engine output shaft, or (2)
of a component driven by the engine output shaft.
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406.36 | ....... Acceleration or deceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.35. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a sudden demand for either (a) an increase in the power or torque output
of the engine or (b) a decrease in the power or torque output of
the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.37 | ..... Having specific knock detecting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.29. Subject matter including a particular structural aspect
of either (a) the transducer for sensing a characteristic of the
force of the shock wave or (b) the complete path of an electric
current, including the generating apparatus, intervening resistors,
or capacitors for sensing a characteristic of the force of the shock
wave.
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406.38 | ...... Knock frequency distribution pattern responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.37. Subject matter wherein an amplitude of the signal indicative
of the unusually high force (i.e., outside of normal operating parameters)
of the shock wave produced when the combustible mixture of combustible
material and oxidant in the combustion chamber is detonated is measured,
and the amplitude measurements of the signal are classified according
to the number of occurrences per unit of time.
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406.39 | ...... Knock signal counting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.37. Subject matter wherein the regulating means totals the signals
indicative of the unusually high force (i.e., outside of normal operating
parameters) of the shock wave produced when the combustible mixture
of combustible material and oxidant in the combustion chamber is
detonated is measured over a predetermined interval.
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406.4 | ...... And specific system component mounting or location details: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.37. Subject matter including a particular structural aspect of a means for attaching to the engine either (a) a portion of the regulating means or (b) the transducer for sensing a characteristic of the force of the shock wave. | |
406.41 | .... Engine cylinder pressure responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.26. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive
to a signal indicative of the force per unit area of either (a)the
combustible material or (b) the products of combustion in the combustion
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.42 | ..... Peak pressure responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.41. Subject matter wherein the regulating means is responsive to the point in a combustion event at which the force per unit area of either (a) the combustible material or (b) the products of combustion in the combustion chamber reaches the greatest magnitude. | |
406.43 | ..... Responsive to derivative, integral or average of pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.41. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying
spark ignition timing (a) receives a signal indicative of the force
per unit area of the fluid in the combustion chamber, and (b) either
(1) determines a rate of change of the force per unit area as a
function of time, (2) determines on a continuous basis the total value
of the force per unit area being measured as a function of time,
or (3) determines on a continuous basis the sum of the forces per
unit area measured divided by the number of force per unit area
measurements taken.
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406.44 | ... Exhaust gas condition responsive control of spark timing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.19. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing is responsive to a signal indicative of characteristic
or parameter of the products of combustion (e.g., composition, temperature,
pressure, etc.) of the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.45 | .. Including control of combustible mixture or a constituent thereof (e.g., air, fuel, exhaust gas): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes means to vary either (a) the (1) amount
of or (2) timing of the supply of a component of the combustible
mixture to the combustion chamber or (b) the relative proportion
of the components of the combustible mixture supplied to the combustion
chamber.
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406.46 | ... Acceleration or deceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.45. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing is responsive to a sudden demand for either (a)
an increase in the power or torque output of the engine or (b) a
decrease in the power or torque output of the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.47 | ... With fuel injection control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.45. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing further adjusts the spraying of liquid fuel into
either (a) a passage in communication with an inlet port of the
combustion chamber (i.e., an intake manifold) or (b) the combustion
chamber of the engine.
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406.48 | ... With exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.45. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing further varies either (a) the returning of the products
of combustion exhausted from the engine combustion chamber (i.e.,
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)) either (1) to a passage in communication
with an inlet port of the combustion chamber (i.e., an intake manifold)
or (2) directly to the combustion chamber for subsequent re-burning
or (b) regulates the amount of the products of combustion which
are retained in the combustion chamber for re-burning during a successive
combustion event (i.e., internal exhaust gas recirculation).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.49 | .. Barometric pressure responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing is responsive to ambient atmospheric pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.5 | .. Acceleration or deceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing is responsive to either (a)a sudden demand for an increase
in the power or the torque output of the engine, or (b) a sudden
demand for a decrease in the power or the torque output of the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.51 | ... Acceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.5. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark ignition timing is responsive to a sudden demand for an increase in the power or the torque output of the engine. | |
406.52 | .. Throttle position responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing is responsive to the orientation of a means for
varying the cross-sectional area of a fuel and oxidant mixture forming
conduit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.53 | .. Starting condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing detects and is responsive to an engine operational
parameter during or before the engine is attempted to be put in
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.54 | ... Start detected by engine speed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.53. Subject matter wherein the engine operational parameter is the rate of rotation of an engine output shaft during or before the engine is attempted to be put in operation that is sensed to be at a rate below a minimum normal operating rate. | |
406.55 | .. Temperature responsive (e.g., ambient, engine, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying
spark ignition timing is responsive to the temperature of either
(a) an engine component, (b) engine fluid, or (c) the ambient environment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.56 | .. With magneto: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein an electric generator is driven
by the engine, the electric generator has a rotating armature for
converting energy from a mechanical to an electrical state by means
of an electromagnetic effect, and the electric generator supplies
ignition current for the internal combustion engine.
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406.57 | ... And capacitor discharge for ignition spark energy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.56. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes (a) a capacitor, (b) means to charge the
capacitor, and (c) means to discharge the capacitor through an ignition
coil primary winding thereby creating the high voltage used for
combustible mixture ignition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.58 | .. Having engine shaft rotational position signal generator (e.g., crank shaft, cam shaft): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.12. Subject matter wherein (a) the engine includes an elongated
member located in the engine block or in the cylinder head which
continuously turns in the same direction about its axis during engine
operation and transmits torque or motion and (b) the regulating
means to vary spark ignition timing includes a transducer which
generates an output signal indicative of the rotational displacement
of the elongated member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.59 | ... Speed responsive timing control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.58. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark ignition timing is further responsive to the rate of rotation of the elongated member. | |
406.6 | .... Having counter or addressable memory (e.g., digital timing circuit): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.59. Subject matter wherein the regulating means to vary spark
ignition timing includes a component which either (a) accumulates
a total number of input pulses over a predetermined interval or
(b) has an information storage section for a value for calculating
ignition timing, the information storage section has a label (e.g.,
integer, symbol, other set of characters, etc.) designating a location
where the information is stored for subsequent recall, and the information
is directed to the respective label by a signal indicative of an
engine parameter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.61 | ..... Plural engine shaft position sensors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.6. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying spark ignition timing is responsive to more than one transducer which generate the output signal indicative of the rotational position of the same or a different elongated member. | |
406.62 | ...... Position sensors at separate shafts: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.61. Subject matter wherein (a) one of the transducers that generates
the output signal indicative of the rotational position of the elongated
member monitors one elongated member and (b) another transducer
generates another output signal indicative of the rotational position
of another elongated member.
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406.63 | ...... Position sensors having different pulse rates: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.61. Subject matter wherein (a) the output signal from the transducer indicating rotational position of the elongated member is in the form of a momentary, sudden fluctuation in an electrical quantity (e.g., voltage or current) per unit of time, and (b) the output signal from another transducer indicating rotational position of an elongated member is in the form of another momentary, sudden fluctuation in an electrical quantity (e.g., voltage or current) per unit of time, and (c) the fluctuations per unit time are not the same. | |
406.64 | ..... Memory addressed by engine speed or load: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.6. Subject matter wherein (a) the information storage section
has a label (e.g., integer, symbol, other set of characters, etc.)
designating a location where the information is stored for subsequent
recall, and (b) the information is directed to the respective label
by (1) a signal indicative of the rate of rotation of the elongated
member, or (2) a signal indicative of the resistance to rotation
of the elongated member.
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406.65 | ...... With microprocessor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.64. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying
spark ignition timing includes an integrated computer circuit that performs
all of the functions of a central processing unit for retrieving
information from the information storage section according to a
prestored program to either generate or change an output signal
in response to a variation in an input signal, the input signal
being indicative of the rate of rotation of the elongated member in
the engine block.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406.66 | .... With resistor/capacitor (RC) timing circuit (e.g., multivibrator): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.59. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying spark ignition timing includes both (a) an electrical conductor which opposes the passage of electrical current and (b) a component for accumulating and holding a charge of electricity, the component consisting of two equally charged conducting surfaces having opposite polarity signs, the surfaces being separated by a dielectric (e.g., condenser) and wherein the ignition timing is determined by a measured charge or discharge interval of the component for accumulating and holding a charge. | |
406.67 | . Vacuum timing control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.11. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying spark ignition timing includes an actuation device which has an enclosed space from which a gas (e.g., intake air) has been partially removed so that the gas remaining in the space exerts less pressure than the atmosphere. | |
406.68 | .. Barometric pressure responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.67. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying
spark ignition timing is responsive to the pressure of the ambient
atmosphere.
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406.69 | .. Condition responsive valve in fluid path from vacuum source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.67. Subject matter wherein the actuation device includes a means for varying the cross-sectional area of a fluid conducting conduit between the enclosed space and a source of gas at less than atmospheric pressure in response to an operational parameter of the internal combustion engine. | |
406.7 | ... Temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.69. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying
spark ignition timing is responsive to changes in temperature of
either (a) an engine component, (b) an engine fluid, or (c) the
ambient environment.
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406.71 | .. Fluid delay between vacuum source and actuator (e.g., fixed restriction): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.67. Subject matter wherein the regulating means includes an element which hinders the flow of gas at less than atmospheric pressure between (a) the source of the gas at less than atmospheric pressure and (b) the enclosed space that supplies and transmits a measured amount of energy for varying spark ignition timing. | |
406.72 | .. Increasing vacuum retards spark timing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.67. Subject matter wherein an increase in the force provided by the gas at less than atmospheric pressure (i.e., a decrease in the pressure of the gas) causes a delay in occurrence of the short pulse or flow of electric current which arcs across the pair of electrodes in the combustion chamber during a combustion cycle. | |
406.73 | .. Plural diaphragms or actuators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.67. Subject matter wherein the regulating means includes either (a) more than one thin flexible wall which separates a chamber for the gas at less than atmospheric pressure or (b) more than one actuation device. | |
406.74 | . Mechanical or hydraulic link to throttle valve or accelerator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.11. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying
spark ignition timing includes either a mechanical or hydraulic
linkage connection to either (a) a means for varying the cross-sectional
area of a combustible mixture forming conduit, or (b) to a device which
is manually adjusted by an operator for controlling the rate of
rotation of an engine output shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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406.75 | . Centrifugal timing mechanism: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.11. Subject matter wherein the regulating means for varying
spark ignition timing includes a rotating mass for producing a mechanical
movement dependent upon the rate of rotation of the engine output
shaft.
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406.76 | . Spark delay actuated or deactuated by starting device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 406.11. Subject matter wherein the regulating means postpones spark
ignition in response to operation of a device to initiate rotation
of the engine.
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429 | COMBUSTION CHAMBER MEANS COMBINED WITH AIR-FUEL MIXTURE FORMING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter in which a combination of combustion chamber
means and charge-forming means is claimed.
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430 | . Stratification in combustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 429. Subject matter in which the combination of combustion chamber and charge-forming device is designed to produce a nonhomogeneous combustible mixture or charge in the combustion chamber. | |
431 | . Having a single combustible mixture inlet combined with means for injecting additional fuel into the combustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 429. Subject matter in which the combustion chamber has a single inlet passage for mixture entry and also has an injector means for injecting additional fuel directly into the combustion chamber. | |
432 | . Air or combustible mixture entering the combustion chamber through plural inlets: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 429. Subject matter in which the combustion chamber contains more than one inlet port for air or the combustible mixture. | |
433 | .. One inlet is uncovered by piston travel: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter in which one of the air or mixture inlet ports is constructed so as to be controlled by the engine piston. | |
434 | CHARGE-FORMING DEVICE (E.G., POLLUTION CONTROL): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including means for forming a mixture of
fuel and an oxidant, or an accessory therefor not provided for elsewhere.
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435 | . Including cylinder pressure or temperature responsive means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which the air-fuel mixture is adjusted in the charge former in response to cylinder pressure or temperature. | |
436 | . Including means responsive to the instantaneous change in engine speed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which the charge-forming device includes means to determine instantaneous changes in engine speed (roughness) and adjust the quality of the air-fuel mixture accordingly. | |
672 | . Including exhaust gas condition responsive means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein the means for forming the mixture
of fuel and oxidant senses at least one characteristic or parameter
of the products of combustion (e.g., composition, or temperature
or pressure, etc.) and uses such information to modify the relative
proportion or ratio of fuel and oxidant in the mixture supplied
to the internal combustion engine.
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673 | .. With sensor controlling each cylinder individually: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein a transducer is located in the flow
path of the products of combustion which is sensitive to a particular
component of the products of combustion, the engine has a plurality
of cylinders or combustion chambers and the charge forming device
responds to signals from the transducer to modify the ratio of fuel
and oxidant supplied individually to the cylinders or combustion
chambers. (i.e., the mixture ratio supplied to each cylinder or
combustion chamber may be different)
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
674 | .. With modifying or updating memory (i.e., learning): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein a control means for the charge forming
device has an information storage section for storing values at
a plurality of memory locations for influencing fuel and oxidant
mixture ratios and wherein the stored values may be replaced by
newly determined values which will produce the desired products of
combustion composition.
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675 | ... Acceleration or deceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 674. Subject matter wherein a control means for the charge forming device is responsive to a sudden demand for an increase or decrease in the power or torque output of the engine. | |
676 | .. Exhaust gas temperature or pressure responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein the mixture forming means has control means which varies the composition of the mixture of fuel and oxidant dependent upon the temperature or pressure of the products of combustion. | |
677 | .. Combined with ambient condition responsive means (e.g., pressure): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein the control means is also responsive
to an atmospheric characteristic or parameter.
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678 | ... Ambient temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to the atmospheric temperature. | |
679 | .. Combined with engine condition responsive means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein the mixture forming means additionally has control means responsive to an operational parameter of the internal combustion engine. | |
680 | ... Idling responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to a no-load or minimum speed condition of the internal-combustion engine. | |
681 | ... Engine load responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to a parameter indicative of the resistance to rotation of an output shaft of the engine. | |
682 | .... Acceleration or deceleration responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to
a sudden demand for an increase or decrease in the power or torque
output of the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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683 | .... Throttle position responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to means for varying the cross-sectional area of a mixture forming conduit. | |
684 | .... Pressure downstream of throttle valve responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to means for detecting the pressure of fluid downstream from means for varying the cross-sectional area of a mixture forming conduit. | |
685 | ... Starting or warmup responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Subject matter wherein the control means detects and is
responsive to at least one engine or environmental parameter which
indicates the engine"s condition (1) during or before a starting
attempt or (2) during a period before the engine reaches normal
operating temperature after starting.
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686 | .... Engine coolant temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 685. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to the temperature of a heat exchange cooling fluid circulating through the internal combustion engine. | |
687 | ... Speed responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to
the rate of rotation of the output shaft of the engine or of a component
driven by the output shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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688 | ... Inoperative sensor responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Subject matter wherein malfunction of the control means is prevented by the detecting of an abnormality of operational readiness in the functioning of a constituent transducer in the outflow of the products of combustion. | |
689 | ... Engine fluid or engine component temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Subject matter wherein the control means is responsive to the temperature of a fluid within the engine or an engine component. | |
690 | .. With fail-safe, backup, or malfunction means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter in which the control means upon detecting
failure in a circuit or circuit element shifts (1) operation into
a substitute circuit to accomplish the same function or (2) indicates
functioning of the circuit or circuit element outside of acceptable
parameters.
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691 | .. Multiple sensors controlling group of cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein a plurality of transducers are located in the flow path of the products of combustion, which are sensitive to a particular component of the products of combustion for adjusting the ratio of fuel and oxidant supplied to a plurality of combustion chambers or cylinders of the engine. | |
692 | ... Controlling plural groups of cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 691. Subject matter wherein there are a plurality of banks of cylinders, each bank having its own combustion products flow path and the transducers transmit signals to the mixture control means for adjusting the fuel and oxidant ratio for each bank of cylinders. | |
693 | .. With compensator for sensor output (e.g., current or voltage): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein a signal from a transducer is adjusted
or modified before being received by a control means for the mixture forming
means.
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694 | ... Output fed to compensating circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 693. Subject matter wherein the signal is adjusted or modified after being produced by the transducer. | |
695 | .... Variable reference value: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 694. Subject matter wherein the output signal from the transducer is compared to a signal which is variable. | |
696 | .... Proportional or integral circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 694. Subject matter wherein (1) the output signal of the transducer is a predetermined ratio of its input or (2) wherein the output signal of the transducer is fed to a circuit the output of which increases or decreases at a predetermined rate with respect to time. | |
697 | ... Heater for sensor or sensor environment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 693. Subject matter wherein separate means is provided for raising the temperature of the products of combustion in the region of the transducer or of the transducer itself. | |
698 | .. With addition of secondary fluid (e.g., fuel or exhaust gas): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein means is provided to add an additional
fluid to the combustible mixture produced by the charge forming
device before the mixture is fed to the engine cylinders.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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699 | ... Secondary fluid is auxiliary air or oxygen (e.g., carburetor air bleed): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 698. Subject matter wherein the additional fluid is an oxidant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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700 | .... Fed to air/fuel mixture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 699. Subject matter wherein the additional oxidant is added to the combustion supporting and combustible fluid mixture. | |
701 | .. With auxiliary control of carburetor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein the means for forming the charge
forming mixture is a carburetor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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702 | ... Variable venturi carburetor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 701. Subject matter wherein the carburetor is of the type having a throat which is variable in cross-sectional area. | |
703 | .. Exhaust gas composition sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter wherein the transducer senses a constituent
in the products of combustion.
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704 | . Air/fuel ratio prior to combustion responsive means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein the means for forming the mixture of fuel and oxidant (1) senses the relative proportion of oxidant and fuel in the mixture at a first location in an intake manifold prior to combustion and (2) uses such information to modify the relative proportion of oxidant and fuel at a second downstream location supplied to the engine. | |
437 | . Auxiliary control of carburetor fuel metering: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which the charge-forming device is a carburetor
in which fuel flow is primarily controlled or adjusted by venturi
metering means with auxiliary fuel flow control means responsive
to engine parameters other than vacuum or temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
438 | .. By electrical or electronic control system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter wherein the auxiliary control means utilizes some form of electrical or electronic circuitry in its sensing or controlling action. | |
439 | ... Variable venturi carburetor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Subject matter in which the carburetor is of the type having an airflow venturi that is variable in size. | |
441 | .. By mechanical speed sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter in which the means used to adjust fuel flow is mechanically responsive to engine speed. | |
442 | . Injection or carburetion system having a series of throttle valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which the charge-forming device has more than one throttle valve in series flow relation in the engine intake. | |
443 | . Alternate or simultaneous lean-rich: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which the charge-forming device alternately
or simultaneously supplies rich mixture to some of the engine cylinders and
lean mixture to the remaining engine cylinders.
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444 | . Having fluidic logic control means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein the charge-forming device includes some type of fluidic logic or fluidic amplifying device. | |
445 | . Fuel injection system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which the charge-forming device is of the type that forces the fuel under pressure into the air to form the mixture. | |
446 | .. Fuel pump flow regulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter in which means is provided between the output of a fuel injector supply pump and a fuel injector nozzle to control or adjust the amount of fuel delivered to the engine. | |
447 | ... With accumulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter wherein the means used to regulate the flow
includes some type of fuel accumulator used to store some quantity
of fuel generally under system pressure.
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448 | ... Sequential distributor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter in which the means between the pump and injector is a device that directs the fuel to the engine cylinders in a predetermined sequence. | |
449 | .... Rotary and reciprocating distributor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Subject matter wherein the distributor valving member rotates
and reciprocates with one of these motions performing the distributing
of the fuel.
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450 | .... Rotary distributor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Subject matter in which the device contains a valving member that rotates about its axis to sequentially direct the fuel to the engine cylinders. | |
451 | .... Reciprocating distributor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Subject matter in which the device contains a valving member that reciprocates to sequentially direct fuel to the respective engine cylinders. | |
452 | ... Nonsequential distributor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter wherein fuel is delivered to all said engine injectors simultaneously. | |
453 | .... Enrichment of the combustible mixture for cold starting or cold running: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter containing means to effect mixture enrichment during engine cold starting or running conditions. Said means to enrich the mixture may be part of the distributor or a separate device. | |
454 | .... Equal pressure valve type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the distributor includes fuel metering
valves that are operated by a difference in pressure.
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455 | .... Distributor and metering unit are in common housing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the distributor that directs the fuel to the individual injectors and the fuel flow metering unit that determines how much fuel will flow to the injectors are contained in a common enclosure. | |
456 | .... Common rail system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the distributor is a fuel supply
conduit containing outlets for fuel to flow to all the injectors.
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457 | ... Regulating means adjusts fuel pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter wherein the flow rate of the fuel is regulated by controlling the fuel pressure in the system. | |
458 | .... Electric regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter wherein the regulator means is electrically operated or electrically controlled to adjust the fuel pressure. | |
459 | .... Bleed off valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter wherein the pressure regulator adjusts the
fuel pressure by bleeding some of the fuel.
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460 | .... Series regulator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter wherein said regulating means is between
the pump and injector, and all fuel pumped flows through the regulator.
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461 | .... Having vapor returned to tank or pump inlet: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter including means to recycle fuel vapor to
the fuel tank or to the inlet of the fuel pump.
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462 | .... By throttle control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter including means to adjust fuel pressure in accordance with the position of the engine throttle valve. | |
463 | .... Manifold pressure responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter including means to adjust the fuel pressure in accordance with the pressure in the intake manifold of the engine. | |
464 | .... Temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter wherein said regulating means is a temperature sensor. | |
465 | .... Barometric responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter wherein the regulating means responds to barometric or atmospheric pressure. | |
466 | .... Having an antitampering device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter wherein said regulating means includes means
to sense or determine if said regulating means has been tampered
with.
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467 | .. Drip prevention means at injector nozzle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter wherein the system includes means to prevent
drip or drool at the nozzle when injection is not occurring.
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468 | .. Having a specific shape, material, or location of the fuel line: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the construction, material, or position of the fuel line. | |
469 | ... Specific fuel line mounting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Subject matter wherein means is provided for fastening or mounting said fuel line. | |
470 | .. Injection nozzle mounting means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter including means to secure the injection to the engine. | |
471 | ... Nozzle isolated from manifold vacuum effect: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 470. Subject matter wherein said injection nozzle is secured to the engine in a manner that prevents manifold vacuum from sucking fuel from the nozzle, or otherwise modifying fuel flow from said nozzle. | |
472 | .. Electrically actuated injector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter in which the fuel injection system includes
a valve means that is electrically actuated to control the flow
of pressurized fuel into the engine intake or combustion chamber, and
further includes switching means to direct electrical current to
actuate the injection valve.
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473 | ... Mechanically actuated switching: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Subject matter having means whereby the switch means which controls the fuel valve-actuating current is mechanically actuated, e.g., by a cam. | |
474 | .... Ignition distributor used as a switch: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter in which the switching means is the distributor switch used to direct the electrical energy to the individual spark plugs of the engine. | |
475 | ... Actuated by ignition pulse: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Subject matter in which the injector valve actuating current is controlled by means that senses current flow in the primary or secondary of the engine ignition coil. | |
476 | ... Magnetically actuated switching: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Subject matter in which magnetic means is used to effect switching of the electrical current to actuate the injector valve. | |
477 | ... Radiation actuated switching: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Subject matter in which the injector valve-actuating current is switched by a radiation actuated device (e.g., light, etc.). | |
478 | ... Actuator circuit (e.g., engine condition responsive electronic circuit actuates injector valve): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Subject matter wherein the said fuel injector valve is controlled by an electronic circuit having at least one engine parameter sensing means to determine the correct amount of fuel to be metered to the engine. | |
479 | .... Backup systems, fail-safe, and failure indicator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein the system includes means to provide
backup operation, or physical indication upon failure of any part
of the system.
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480 | .... Having microprocessor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein the injector valve-actuating circuit
includes a microprocessor.
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481 | .... Engine cylinder cutout: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter in which fuel injection to some portion of
but not all of the engine cylinders is interrupted in response to
a predetermined condition.
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482 | .... Circuit activates valve for continuous fuel flow: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said circuit controls the injector
valve for metered continuous fuel flow.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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483 | .... Having plural multivibrators: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said injector valve control means includes a circuit having more than one multivibrator circuit therein. | |
484 | .... Having single multivibrator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said injector valve control means includes a circuit which employs a single monostable, bistable, or a stable multivibrator circuit at some stage between the input parameter sensor and a means motivating the injector valve. | |
485 | .... Having ramp generator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said injector valve control means includes a circuit which utilizes a ramp or staircase generator in a computing or decision making process. | |
486 | .... Having a digital memory addressed by an engine parameter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein a digital memory is addressed by the output of an engine parameter sensor to retrieve a stored valve corresponding to the correct fuel output for each particular input from the sensor, thereby actuating the injector valve to provide the correct amount of fuel to the engine. | |
487 | .... Having an up or up-down counter in circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said injector valve control means includes up or up-down counter means. | |
488 | .... Subcircuit operates on a parameter sensor output before input to main fuel control (e.g., function generator): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein the circuit employs a subcircuit, generally a type of function generator, between the engine parameter sensor and the input to the decision making or computing section of the circuit, so that for every input to the subcircuit there is a predetermined output to the injector fuel control valve. | |
490 | .... Injector solenoid drive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said circuit has a decision making
or computing section and employs a particular subcircuit connected
to the output of that section to amplify or alternatively switch
the output of said circuit to a particular injector valve or group
of valves.
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491 | .... Starting condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said circuit responds to an engine-starting condition or engine warm-up period to alter the fuel metering accordingly. | |
492 | .... Acceleration or full load condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said circuit responds to (a) an engine
acceleration (rapid load or power output increase), or (b) full
load operating mode to alter fuel metering accordingly.
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493 | .... Deceleration condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter wherein said circuit responds to an engine "deceleration" condition, generally denoted by high manifold vacuum and rpm above idle, signifying a rapid power decline of the engine, or where the engine is driven by the load. | |
494 | .... Having specific transducer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter in which the construction or other feature of a sensor or transducer used in the system is significantly claimed. | |
495 | . With fuel pump: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter (a) for supplying fuel to a charge-forming
device, or (b) for supplying fuel directly to the working cylinder
or combustion chamber of an engine.
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496 | .. Variable rate of injection stroke: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the pump includes means to vary the speed of a pump working member so as to vary the rate at which fuel is forced from the pump chamber. | |
497 | .. Electric fuel pump: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the pump is electrically driven or its operation is electrically controlled. | |
498 | ... Piezoelectric drive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 497. Subject matter wherein the pump has a working member which is driven by a piezoelectric crystal or the crystal itself is the pump working member. | |
499 | ... Solenoid drive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 497. Subject matter wherein the pump has a working member which
is driven by an electromagnetic solenoid.
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500 | .. Variable beginning and ending of pumping stroke: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the pump has a working member having constant length strokes and a control means to vary the points during the travel of working member pumping stroke where pumping action will both begin and end. | |
501 | .. Variable beginning of pumping stroke: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the pump has a working member having
constant length strokes and a control means to vary the point during
the travel of the working member pumping stroke where pumping action
will begin.
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502 | ... Fluid pressure control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein said control means utilizes fluid pressure in its operation, e.g., air, lubricant, fuel. | |
503 | .. Variable ending of pumping stroke: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the pump has a working member having constant length strokes and a control means to vary the point during the travel of the working member pumping stroke where pumping action will end. | |
504 | .. Variable stroke: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the actual physical stroke length of the pump may be varied to control fuel delivery, e.g., as with a variable stop which limits the pump piston travel. | |
505 | .. Fuel pump and intake air controls interconnected: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter in which means is provided to associate the engine air intake control means with the pump output control means to provide a desired relationship between fuel and air flow. | |
506 | .. Having pressure relief valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein valve means is provided to relieve
the pump output pressure under certain conditions.
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507 | .. Pumping member driven by a piston or valve of the internal combustion engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter in which the pump has a working member which is driven either by (a) a working piston, or (b) a valve of the associated internal combustion engine. | |
508 | .. Pumping member driven by the internal combustion engine valve operating mechanism: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the pump has a working member which is actuated by some part of the engine intake or exhaust valve driving mechanism, e.g., injection pump piston is driven by rocker arm or intake valve actuating mechanism. | |
509 | .. Specific location or mounting of pump: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter in which a special (a) location, or (b) mounting means for the pump is claimed. | |
510 | . Fuel flow regulation between the pump and the charge-forming device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter having regulator means located in a fuel
flow path between a pump discharge and a charge-forming device (e.g.,
carburetor) to modify or control the fuel pressure or rate of flow
to said device.
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511 | .. Regulator means adjusts fuel pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Subject matter wherein means in the fuel path regulates the pressure of the fuel delivered to the charge former. | |
512 | ... Engine parameter responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Subject matter in which the regulating means adjusts fuel pressure in response to an operating condition of the associated internal combustion engine. | |
513 | ... Environmental condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Subject matter wherein the regulator responds to some environmental condition such as ambient air temperature or pressure. | |
514 | .. Excess fuel returned to tank: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Subject matter in which the regulator includes means to
return excess fuel delivered by the pump to the fuel tank or pump
inlet.
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515 | .. Regulator controls flow of a plurality of fuels: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Subject matter in which the regulator means controls the
flow of more than one type of fuel or different qualities of the
same fuel to the charge-forming device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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516 | .. Air or fuel vapor purging system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Subject matter wherein the regulator has means to purge,
or store air bubbles or fuel vapor; the purging or storage means
may itself be considered the means to regulate fuel flow.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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517 | .. Carburetor float bowl drain: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Subject matter in which the charge-forming device is a carburetor which has a fuel receiving float bowl and a means to drain the fuel from said bowl. | |
518 | . Having fuel vapor recovery and storage system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which means is provided to collect fuel
vapor from a fuel tank, float bowl, etc., store it in a tank, canister,
or equivalent storage means, and then feed the stored vapor to the
associated engine during its operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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519 | .. Having an adsorbent canister: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Subject matter wherein the fuel vapor storage means is a
container enclosing a material that will collect condensed fuel
on a surface.
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520 | ... Purge valve controlled by engine parameter: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 519. Subject matter in which a valve means (purge valve) is provided between the canister and the engine, said valve being operable to control the rate at which stored vapors are drawn from the canister in response to an operating condition or parameter of the associated engine. | |
521 | .... Responsive to secondary air pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Subject matter wherein the engine parameter controlling the purge valve means is the pressure of the air injected into the engine exhaust, i.e., secondary air pressure. | |
522 | . Liquid fuel evaporating by submerged air supply: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter having means wherein at least part of the
air supply for the engine is bubbled through a volume of fuel to
form at least part of the combustible charge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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523 | . Liquid fuel evaporating by extended fuel film: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter includes means for spreading the fuel over a relatively large surface area to provide a film of fuel to enhance evaporation when contacted with air. | |
524 | .. Screen or mat: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter wherein the surface on which the fuel is spread is porous or sievelike. | |
525 | . Combined liquid and gaseous fuel: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter having means by which the charge-forming device may produce a mixture of air, gaseous fuel, and liquid fuel, or may be switched to operate with either gaseous or liquid fuel. | |
526 | .. Diesel engine convertible from liquid to gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter in which the associated engine is of the compression ignition type and having means to convert the engine to operate on either liquid or gaseous fuel. | |
527 | . Gaseous fuel and air mixer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter having means by which the charge-forming device mixes air and gaseous fuel to form a combustible mixture which is fed to the associated engine. | |
528 | .. Supercharged engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 527. Subject matter having means by which the associated engine, fed by the mixer, receives its combustion air under pressure greater than atmospheric. | |
529 | .. Safety device (e.g., cutoff): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 527. Subject matter wherein the gaseous fuel and air mixer includes a safety device that cuts off the flow of fuel or air-fuel mixture in the event of leaks, accidents, etc. | |
530 | . Constant flow fuel supply: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which the charge-forming device has means to pass a continuous stream of fuel across the air intake conduit whereby the air evaporates or atomizes a portion of the fuel; the liquid fuel not evaporated by the air is drained from the device for subsequent recycling. | |
531 | . Auxiliary air or gas used to inject fuel: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which means is provided that uses a small
amount of pressurized air or other gas, insufficient to form a combustible
charge, to force the liquid fuel into the combustion air.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||
532 | .. Air is bled from the cylinder on the compression stroke in that cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter in which means is provided to bleed a small amount of air or other gas from the cylinder to which it will be fed during that cylinder"s compression stroke. | |
533 | .. Having a separate pump for the air or gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter having means whereby the air or other gas used to atomize or inject the fuel is compressed by pump means. | |
534 | .. Air is bled from another engine cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter in which means is provided to bleed the air or other gas to be used for injecting fuel from any engine cylinder, except the cylinder to which the air will be fed, during the compression stroke of said any engine cylinder. | |
535 | .. Constant fuel level: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter including means to provide a constant level (e.g., reservoir) of fuel to be atomized, vaporized, or injected by the auxiliary air or gas. | |
536 | . Combustible mixture ionization, ozonation, or electrolysis: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter having treating means whereby the charge
or any component of the charge is subjected to ionization, or wherein
ozone is generated from the charge, or wherein electrolysis is utilized
to form any component of the charge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
537 | .. Before intake valve (e.g., in manifold): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 536. Subject matter wherein the treatment occurs before the charge component reaches the engine intake valve. | |
538 | .. Fuel only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 536. Subject matter in which said means operates on the fuel only. | |
539 | .. Air only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 536. Subject matter wherein said means operates on the air for the charge only. | |
540 | . Cooling of combustible mixture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter including means for cooling (a) the charge-forming
device or a part thereof, (b) for cooling the combustible mixture
formed by the charge-forming means, or (c) those elements (e.g.,
fuel, air, etc.) as they are fed to the charge former to form the
charge.
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541 | .. Fuel only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Subject matter wherein the engine fuel alone is cooled. | |
542 | .. Air only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Subject matter wherein only the air is cooled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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543 | . Heating of combustible mixture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter including means for heating (a) the charge-forming
device or a part thereof, (b) for heating the combustible mixture
formed by the charge-forming means, or (c) those elements (e.g.,
fuel, air, etc.) as they are fed to the charge former to form the
charge.
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544 | .. Lighter fuel is used during starting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which the charge-forming devices uses a lighter, more easily vaporized fuel which is heated and utilized during starting of the associated internal-combustion engine. | |
545 | .. Heating medium surrounds combustible mixture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter wherein the heating medium completely surrounds a conduit or passage containing the combustible mixture. | |
546 | .. Combustible mixture surrounds heating medium: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which a passage or conduit that conveys the air-fuel mixture to the engine completely encircles or surrounds the source of heat. | |
547 | .. Combustible mixture and heating medium adjoin one another: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter wherein the passages carrying the heating medium and the mixture are integral or adjoining at some point for heat transfer. | |
548 | .. Trap for liquid particle vaporization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which means is provided to trap, heat, and vaporize liquid particles of fuel present in the air fuel mixture before they are inducted into the engine combustion chamber. | |
549 | .. Electric heater: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter wherein the means for heating is electrically powered. | |
550 | .. Combustion heater: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which the means for heating uses combustion of a fuel as the source of heat. | |
551 | ... Part of combustible mixture is burned: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter wherein a means is provided to draw off a
portion of the normal fuel-air mixture to be combusted externally
of the combustion chamber to supply heat for the remaining mixture.
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552 | .. Automatic control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which an engine temperature sensor or other condition-responsive means is provided to control the operation of the heating means. | |
553 | .. Intermediate fluid used for heating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which the source of heat is used to heat an intermediate fluid (other than engine coolant, lubricant, or exhaust gas) that is in heat transfer relationship with the fuel, air, combustible mixture, or charge-forming device. | |
554 | .. Combustible mixture, air, and fuel are heated separately: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which separate means is provided to heat each of the air, fuel, and mixture. | |
555 | .. Air and fuel heated separately: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter having means wherein the air alone and fuel alone are heated separately before they are mixed. | |
556 | .. Air only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which the heating means is used to heat the engine combustion air only. | |
557 | .. Fuel only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter in which the heating means is used to heat the fuel only. | |
558 | ... Fuel is heated to ignition temperature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 557. Subject matter in which the heating means heats the fuel to the temperature at which it will spontaneously ignite when exposed to air at ambient temperature. | |
559.1 | . Supercharger: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein means is employed to increase the
pressure of the inlet air or charge over that which would be present
in a normally aspirated (piston suction alone) engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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559.2 | .. Pressure exchange with exhaust gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.1. Subject matter wherein the means to increase the pressure
of the intake air is a pressure exchange wherein the engine exhaust
gas directly contacts the intake air.
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559.3 | .. With clutch: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559.1. Subject matter wherein the supercharger is connected to the engine by a clutch. | |
560 | .. Two-cycle compressor feeds a four-cycle engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter having a two-cycle compressor which is used to feed air or mixture at a pressure greater than atmospheric to an associated four-cycle internal-combustion engine. | |
561 | .. Variable ratio compressor driven supercharger: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter having a compressor to supercharge the air or mixture wherein the drive ratio between the compressor and its driving means (generally the engine) is capable of being varied. | |
562 | .. Multiple superchargers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter having more than one pump or compressor which
are used to feed air or mixture under pressure to a common internal-combustion
engine.
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563 | .. Intercooler: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter wherein means is employed to lower the temperature
of the air or mixture leaving the supercharger before its entry
into the engine or another supercharger.
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564 | .. Boost control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter including manual or condition responsive means to control the degree of pressurization of the air or mixture by the supercharger. | |
565 | .. Supercharger is driven independently of the engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter wherein the supercharger is driven by means other than the associated engine or its exhaust gas (such as an electric motor). | |
566 | .. Funnel-type supercharger (e.g., ram-air): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter in which the pressure-increasing means is
a funnel-shaped conduit into which air is forced, e.g., ram-air
effect.
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567 | . Oxidant is solely oxygen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein the fuel (which may be a gas) is mixed or burned solely in oxygen and no gas other than fuel or oxygen is present. | |
568.11 | . Exhaust gas used with the combustible mixture (e.g., emission control exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein the means for forming a mixture of
fuel and oxidant is provided with a means to return the products
of combustion exhausted from the engine combustion chamber (i.e.,
exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)) either (a) to a passage in communication
with an inlet port of the combustion chamber (i.e., an intake manifold)
or (b) directly to the combustion chamber for subsequent re-burning.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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568.12 | .. Exhaust gas cooled during recirculation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter provided with means to reduce the temperature
of the returned products of combustion after the products enter
an EGR conduit, but prior to the products of combustion being returned
to the combustion chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
568.13 | .. Having recirculation path formed entirely in the cylinder block or head: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter wherein the means to return the products of combustion has an EGR conduit which is located completely within a structure that either (a) surrounds the combustion chamber or (b) closes an upper end of the combustion chamber. | |
568.14 | .. Internal exhaust gas recirculation (e.g., exhaust gas retained in the combustion chamber): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter including means to cause a portion of the
products of combustion either (a) to remain in the combustion chamber after
the combustible mixture has been burned or (b) to be drawn back
into the combustion chamber from either (1) the intake passage or (2)
the exhaust passage.
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568.15 | .. Having exhaust gas mixed with a constituent before entry into intake manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter wherein the products of combustion are combined
with another fluid prior to admission into the intake manifold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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568.16 | .. With electrical means for fail-safe, backup, or malfunction detecting of EGR system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter wherein the means for forming a mixture of
fuel and oxidant includes electrical means that upon detecting failure
in an EGR system element (a) shifts operation (1) into a substitute
circuit or (2) to a substitute mechanism to accomplish the same
function, or (b) indicates functioning of the EGR system or EGR
system element outside of acceptable parameters.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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568.17 | .. Having specific exhaust gas outlet structure at intake manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter wherein the means to return the products
of combustion includes a particular structural aspect (e.g., shape,
size) of an opening at a juncture of the conduit conducting the
products of combustion from the combustion chamber to the intake
manifold.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
568.18 | ... Having a valve located at the outlet of the EGR passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.17. Subject matter wherein the means to return the products
of combustion includes a mechanical device having a closing element that
controls fluid flow through the EGR conduit (a) either by (1) closing
the EGR conduit or (2) restricting the EGR conduit by a definite predetermined
motion of the closing element, and (b) the closing element being
positioned at the point of connection of the EGR conduit to the
intake manifold.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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568.19 | .. EGR valve position controlled only in relationship to intake throttle valve position: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter where the engine includes (a) a closing member
that regulates fluid flow through the intake manifold leading to
the combustion chamber, (b) the EGR conduit includes a closing element
that regulates fluid flow through the EGR conduit, and (c) wherein
the motion of the closing element is related only to
the position of the closing member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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568.2 | .. Plural EGR valves in the recirculation passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter wherein a conduit returns the products of combustion to the combustion chamber and the conduit includes more than one closing element that regulates fluid flow through the EGR conduit. | |
568.21 | .. Having electrically actuated control means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter wherein the means for adjusting the flow
of the products of combustion to the combustion chamber is powered
by electrical energy.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||
568.22 | ... Ambient condition responsive (e.g., atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.21. Subject matter wherein the means for adjusting the flow of the products of combustion is responsive to an atmospheric characteristic or parameter. | |
568.23 | ... Having rotary actuator control of EGR valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.21. Subject matter wherein the means to return the products of combustion includes a device having a closing element that controls fluid flow through the EGR passage (a) either by (1) closing the EGR passage or (2) restricting the EGR passage by a definite predetermined motion of the closing element, and (b) the closing element being adjusted by means including a member turned about an axis by a source of electrical energy. | |
568.24 | .... Electrical rotary actuator rotates the EGR valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.23. Subject matter wherein the member turned about the axis is a rotary electromagnetic device (e.g., electric motor, rotary solenoid, etc.) and the member turns the closing element about an axis. | |
568.25 | .... Vacuum actuator control of EGR valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.23. Subject matter wherein the electrically powered adjusting means regulates the flow of a fluid through a passage connected to an expansible chamber of negative fluid pressure and the negative fluid pressure in the chamber is used to actuate the closing element to vary the flow of the products of combustion. | |
568.26 | ... Having electromechanical actuator control of EGR valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.21. Subject matter wherein
the means to return the products of combustion includes a closing
element that controls fluid flow through the EGR passage (a) either
by (1) closing the passage or (2) restricting the EGR passage by
a definite predetermined motion of the closing element, and (b)
the closing element being adjusted by means of electrical energy.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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568.27 | .... Controlling vacuum actuator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.26. Subject matter wherein the electrical actuator regulates
the position of a fluid flow adjusting means which regulates the
flow of a fluid through a passage connected to an expansible chamber
of negative fluid pressure and the negative fluid pressure in the
chamber is used to actuate the EGR closing element to vary the flow
of the products of combustion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
568.28 | ..... Including auxiliary vacuum pump: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.27. Subject matter including a supplementary device to evacuate
a gaseous fluid from the chamber to create a negative fluid pressure
to actuate the EGR closing element.
| |||
568.29 | .. Vacuum actuator control of EGR valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject matter wherein (a)the means to return the products of combustion includes a mechanical device having a closing element that controls fluid flow through the EGR conduit either by (1) closing the EGR conduit or (2) restricting the EGR conduit by a definite predetermined motion of the closing element, and (b) negative fluid pressure is applied through a passage connected to an expansible chamber and the negative fluid pressure in the chamber is used to actuate the closing element which varies the flow of the products of combustion back to the combustion chamber for subsequent re-burning. | |
568.3 | ... Including auxiliary vacuum pump: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.29. Subject matter including a supplementary device to evacuate
a gaseous fluid from the chamber to create a negative fluid pressure
to actuate the EGR closing element.
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568.31 | ... Temperature responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.29. Subject matter wherein the adjusting means is responsive to changes in temperature (e.g., of an engine component, engine fluid, or the ambient environment). | |
568.32 | ... Having fixed restriction in vacuum line: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.29. Subject matter wherein the adjusting means includes a region of non-adjustable reduced cross-sectional area in a conduit conveying the fluid of negative pressure. | |
572 | . Crankcase vapor used with combustible mixture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which means is provided to introduce part or all of the crankcase blow by gases to the engine intake manifold or directly to the combustion chamber for burning. | |
573 | .. Vapor treated before mixing with combustible mixture (e.g., cooling): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Subject matter in which means is provided to cool or otherwise treat the crankcase vapors before they are mixed with the charge. | |
574 | .. Specific control valve (PCV valve): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Subject matter wherein said means include a valve having
a specifically disclosed construction.
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575 | . Diverse fuel supply: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein the engine may be operated from different qualities of fuels. | |
576 | .. Fuel switched in response to engine starting condition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Subject matter in which means are provided for switching from one fuel to another in response to a starting condition of the associated engine. | |
577 | .. Fuel switched, condition responsive to load: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Subject matter wherein the separate fuel supplies are switched or alternated in response to the engine load condition. | |
578 | .. Fuel switched in response to engine temperature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Subject matter in which means are provided for switching from one fuel source to another in response to a temperature of the associated engine. | |
579 | . Multiple carburetors: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter wherein said charge-forming device includes
a plurality of separate means, each of which employs a moving stream
of oxidant (e.g., air) to aspirate a fluid fuel into the oxidant
stream.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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580 | .. Each carburetor feeds a cylinder or group of cylinders (e.g., split engine): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Subject matter wherein a separate fuel aspirating means feeds a particular cylinder or group of cylinders. | |
581 | .. Separate carburetor for starting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Subject matter in which one of the fuel aspirating means is designed particularly for or is operative only during starting and warm-up of the associated engine. | |
582 | .. Separate carburetor for high load: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Subject matter wherein one of the fuel aspirating means is utilized for high load operation of the associated engine. | |
583 | .. With linkage between carburetor throttle valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 579. Subject matter in which means is provided to interconnect the throttle valves of multiple fuel aspirating means to effect coordinated movement thereof. | |
584 | ... Staged opening of carburetor throttle valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 583. Subject matter wherein the mechanical means is arranged so that the opening of the throttle valves is not coincident, or the rates of movement of the throttle valves are unequal. | |
585 | . Auxiliary air or oxygen added to combustible mixture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter in which means is provided to add an additional
oxidant to the combustible mixture produced by a charge-forming
device before the mixture is fed to the engine cylinders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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586 | .. Oxidant controlled by throttle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Subject matter in which an auxiliary device providing additional oxidant includes control means responsive to the position of the engine throttle valve. | |
587 | .. Oxidant controlled by intake manifold vacuum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Subject matter in which the means for providing additional oxidant is controlled in response to the pressure in the engine intake manifold. | |
588 | .. Oxidant controlled by engine temperature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Subject matter in which the device for providing additional oxidant includes control means responsive to engine temperature. | |
590 | . Charge-mixing device in intake (e.g., device which insures the atomization of the combustible mixture): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 434. Subject matter including means to further commingle oxidant and the fuel mixture produced by a charge-forming device before the mixture is inducted into the engine cylinder. | |
591 | .. Having liquid fuel collector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Subject matter in which the device includes means to collect liquid fuel which has not been completely atomized. | |
592 | .. By fan means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Subject matter in which the means to commingle is a rotating device carrying fluid reactive blades thereon which is mounted in the intake pipe of the engine. | |
593 | .. By screen means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Subject matter in which the device is a foraminous member disposed across the intake of the engine. | |
594 | HIGH TENSION IGNITION SYSTEM: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including means for supplying high voltage
electricity to a mixture-igniting means associated with an internal-combustion
engine and for subcombinations particular thereto where not provided
for elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
595 | . Retrofit conversion ignition unit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system or some component
thereof is designed to replace or add to an existing system or component which
is different in construction or effect.
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596 | . Using capacitive storage and discharge for spark energy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system include a capacitor,
means to charge the capacitor, and means to discharge the capacitor through
an ignition coil primary thereby creating the high voltage used
for mixture ignition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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597 | .. Regulating sensed ignition capacitor voltage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Subject matter in which means is provided to sense or measure the voltage across the ignition capacitor. | |
598 | .. Having an oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Subject matter in which the capacitor is charged by a voltage produced in an oscillator circuit which is either continuously or intermittently operative. | |
599 | .. Having a magneto: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Subject matter in which the capacitor is charged by a voltage
produced by an inductive generator called a magneto.
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600 | ... Triggering voltage obtained from capacitor charging winding: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 599. Subject matter in which means is provided to trigger the discharge of the capacitor across the coil primary, wherein the trigger voltage is derived from the magneto winding that charges the capacitor. | |
601 | ... Specific design of charge or trigger winding core: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 599. Subject matter in which significance is attributed to the
particular core structure for the capacitor charging or trigger
winding.
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603 | ... Antireverse protection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 599. Subject matter in which means is provided in the ignition system to prevent running of the engine in the reverse direction. | |
604 | .. Inductive capacitive discharge system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Subject matter in which a capacitor is charged by a voltage
produced in an inductive circuit other than a magneto or oscillator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
605 | .. Having a specific capacitor, ignition coil means, or switching element circuit path: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Subject matter in which significance is attributed to the ignition capacitor, ignition coil, or capacitor discharge switching means. | |
606 | . High frequency ignition system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes means to generate a high frequency train of distinct sparks at a spark gap. | |
607 | .. Free running oscillator supplies coil primary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Subject matter in which the means to generate the high frequency train is a free running oscillator that supplies an oscillating voltage to the primary of the ignition coil. | |
608 | .. Having a specific spark plug: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Subject matter in which significance is attributed to the design or construction of a spark plug to be used in the high frequency system. | |
609 | . Having dwell control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes means
to adjust or control the amount of time that current flows through
the primary of an ignition coil.
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610 | .. Using a monostable multivibrator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter in which the means to adjust or control the dwell time includes an oscillator circuit having one stable state, i.e., the circuit remains in a condition having a given output level (e.g., logical zero) until receiving a trigger signal, at which time the circuit will switch to its other output level (logical 1) and after a predeterminable time returns to its original level (logical zero). | |
611 | .. Dwell maintained at constant value: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter in which dwell adjusting means function to keep the dwell time at a constant value. | |
612 | . Having engine component position sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes means
to determine the position of one engine component relative to another.
| |||
613 | .. Optical sensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Subject matter in which the position transducer is light activated. | |
614 | .. Including a zero crossing detector: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Subject matter in which the position sensor includes means to detect a change in polarity of the voltage signal from the transducer, i.e., crosses a "zero" reference value. | |
615 | .. Including an oscillator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Subject matter in which the position sensor is provided
with or which controls an oscillator from which a control signal
is derived.
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616 | .. Piezoelectric sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Subject matter wherein the position sensor is a device in which charges of electricity are induced in a crystalline substance by pressure. | |
617 | .. Inductive or magnetic sensor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Subject matter in which the position sensor includes magnetic or inductive means that produces a control signal. | |
618 | . Having specific trigger circuitry: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes trigger circuit means to shape the output signal of a position sensor for subsequent use in the system. | |
619 | .. Oscillatory trigger circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 618. Subject matter in which the trigger circuit means is constructed as an oscillatory circuit. | |
620 | . Additional spark energy supply: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes a device,
in addition to an ignition coil, that adds energy to the discharge
at the spark plug.
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621 | . Having an ignition coil with multiple primary or secondary windings: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes an ignition coil constructed to have more than one primary or secondary winding. | |
622 | .. Separate circuit for each winding: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 621. Subject matter in which each primary winding or secondary winding has an associated circuit to deliver energy to or to take energy from an ignition coil. | |
623 | . Having supply voltage regulation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which means is provided in the system
to compensate for changes in, or to hold supply voltage constant.
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624 | . Having ballast resistor cutout or control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the system includes a resistor to limit ignition coil primary current and has means to cut the resistor in and out of the system, or otherwise control the effect the resistor has on the operation of the system. | |
625 | . Responsive to engine or environmental condition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes means responsive to an engine parameter or an environmental condition. | |
626 | .. Oscillator or trigger circuit responsive to engine condition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Subject matter in which the means is an oscillatory circuit or trigger circuit which is responsive to an engine parameter. | |
627 | . Having auxiliary spark ionization gap in series or parallel with the coil: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the system includes an auxiliary
spark air gap or gaseous ionization gap in addition to the usual
spark plug.
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628 | . Having a continuous high voltage output to the high voltage distributor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the system produces a continuous sparking voltage output which is directed to a high voltage distributor. | |
629 | . Monostable multivibrator controls timing of coil primary current: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the system includes an oscillatory circuit having one stable state (e.g., low output level), that is capable of being triggered into a second state (high output level) for a predeterminable time before reverting to its original state; the output of this circuit is used to control the flow of electrical current through the primary of an ignition coil. | |
630 | . Safety device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes an accessory device to prevent operation of the system when an unsafe condition is detected. | |
631 | .. Reverse engine rotation protection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 630. Subject matter in which the accessory device prevents reverse operation of the engine. | |
632 | .. Ignition switch opened when engine stops: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 630. Subject matter in which the accessory device opens the ignition switch to protect the ignition system components when the engine stops. | |
633 | . Radio interference protection: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter including means which shield or otherwise
prevent electrical noise generated by the ignition system from adversely
affecting other electrical devices.
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634 | . Having a specific ignition coil: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the
construction of an ignition coil.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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635 | . Specific coil location: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which significance is attributed to mounting or location of an ignition coil. | |
636 | . Multiple spark ignition system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein the ignition system induces a plurality of separate sparks per complete engine operating cycle in each cylinder. | |
637 | .. System fires single spark plug per cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 636. Subject matter wherein an engine cylinder has a single spark plug and means are provided to induce a plurality of separate multiple sparks in that plug. | |
638 | .. System fires multiple spark plugs per cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 636. Subject matter wherein an engine cylinder contains more than one spark plug, each plug fired once each complete engine operating cycle. | |
639 | .. System using vibrator for multiple sparks upon starting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 636. Subject matter wherein the multiple sparks are generated only at start-up using an electromechanical or electronic vibrator. | |
640 | . Dual systems: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein the ignition system employs a plurality
of independent ignition systems each of which is capable of producing an
ignition spark.
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641 | .. One for starting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Subject matter in which one of the systems is designed for
use during starting of the associated engine.
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642 | . Piezoelectric voltage generator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which primary or secondary ignition coil
voltage is derived from a crystalline or other pressure sensitive
device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
643 | . Electronic cylinder sequencing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system employs an electronic sequencing device for directing voltage from an ignition coil secondary to the respective engine cylinders. | |
644 | . Current or voltage sensing in coil primary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein the ignition circuit includes means to sense the voltage or current level in an ignition coil primary. | |
645 | . Maverick spark suppressor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein the ignition circuit contains means which act to suppress or eliminate unwanted or out-of-time sparks due to interference, noise, power supply connections and disconnections, etc. | |
646 | .. Point bounce or arc suppression system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 645. Subject matter wherein said means is generally located between the ignition breaker points and the main ignition circuit, to suppress, shape, or filter the signal from the points to eliminate interference or false triggering due to bouncing of the ignition breaker points. | |
647 | . Having a specific mounting of system component: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the
mounting or location of an ignition system component.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
648 | . Having SCR triggered by lowering cathode voltage below ground: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein the ignition circuit uses a silicone control rectifier (SCR) to conduct the ignition coil primary current and wherein the SCR is triggered by lowering the cathode potential below ground (i.e., by applying a negative cathode potential). | |
649 | . Multiple primary current interrupters: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter wherein there are at least two switching
elements carrying all or part of the ignition coil primary current.
| |||
650 | . Power supply, ignition coil primary, and interrupter element all in series: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Subject matter in which the ignition system includes an interrupter means located in series with the power supply and the primary of the ignition coil, the interrupter means starting and stopping current flow through primary coil. | |
651 | .. Interrupter is multiple transistor circuit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Subject matter in which the interrupter means is a circuit containing more than one transistor, e.g., multistage switching current. | |
652 | .. Interrupter is single transistor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Subject matter in which the interrupter means is a transistor that starts and stops current flow in the coil primary. | |
653 | .. Additional capacitor other than breaker point capacitor is in series with coil primary or secondary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Subject matter in which a capacitor, other than the conventional breaker point capacitor, is placed in series with the primary or secondary of the ignition coil. | |
654 | .. Additional capacitor other than breaker point capacitor is in parallel with coil primary or secondary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Subject matter in which a capacitor, other than the conventional breaker point capacitor, is placed in parallel with the primary or secondary of the ignition coil. | |
655 | .. Diode is in series with coil primary or secondary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Subject matter in which a diode is placed in series with the primary or secondary of the ignition coil. | |
656 | .. Diode is in parallel with coil primary or secondary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Subject matter in which a diode is placed in parallel with the primary or secondary of the ignition coil. | |
90.1 | POPPET VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to mechanism intermediate the crank-shaft
and the poppet-type intake or exhaust valve of an internal combustion
engine for operating at least one such valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.11 | . Electrical system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein electrical energy provides the source of power for at least one direction of movement of the valve. | |
90.12 | . Hydraulic system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein a liquid under pressure provides an essential
link in the valve operating mechanism for at least one direction
of movement of the valve.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.13 | .. With manifold and distributor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.12. Device wherein the liquid under pressure is cyclically delivered through a manifold by an engine-driven distributor. | |
90.14 | . Pneumatic system: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein positive or negative pressure of a gas provides
the source of power for at least one direction of movement of the
valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||
90.15 | . With means for varying timing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means provided to vary the time, extent of
duration of valve opening relative to the operating cycle of the
engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.16 | .. Cam-to-valve relationship: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.15. Device wherein the means is located between a cam and the valve actuated thereby and serves to modify the operational relationship of the one to the other. | |
90.17 | .. Camshaft or cam characteristics: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.15. Device wherein the means varies the structure or the axial disposition of a camshaft or its cam. | |
90.18 | ... Axially shiftable camshaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.17. Device wherein the means provides for displacing the camshaft in the direction of its longitudinal axis, thereby bringing a different cam contour into play. | |
90.19 | . With temperature compensation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means is provided to compensate for structural deformation in an element of the operating mechanism occurring as a result of a change in the ambient temperature of the element. | |
90.2 | . With compound movement of cam follower: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means in the form of a groove, or its equivalent,
in the outer surface of a revolving drum is provided to displace
the cam follower both axially and radially of the camshaft.
| |||||
90.21 | . Follower displaced axially of camshaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means is provided, usually in the form of lobes perpendicular to the principal surface of a rotating disc, to displace a cam follower in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the camshaft. | |
90.22 | . Plural valve trains, single actuator: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein one actuating element (cam) operates one
or more other elements (followers, rods, rockers, etc.), in the
valve trains of two or more valves of a cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
90.23 | .. Intake and exhaust: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.22. Device wherein the two or more valves control the intake and the exhaust passages of the cylinder. | |
90.24 | . Valve driven closed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means is provided to mechanically drive the
valve in its closing (i.e., seating) direction of travel.
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90.25 | .. By valve-opening rocker: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.24. Device wherein the driving means is the rocker that opens the valve. | |
90.26 | .. By cam-actuated unitary follower: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.24. Device wherein the driving means is a follower that is joined
to the cam in such fashion as to partake of the total range of movement
of the cam.
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90.27 | . Overhead camshaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein the shaft carrying the actuating element
(cam) of the operating mechanism is located in proximity to, and
generally somewhat above, the valve-containing head of an engine
cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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90.28 | . With nonvalving movement (e.g., about valve stem): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means is provided for movement of the valve
in addition to that of opening and closing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.29 | .. Oscillating movement converted internally: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.28. Device wherein means is provided within the operating mechanism
to convert the oscillation imparted to the valve by the compression
and decompression of its return spring into unidirectional movement
(i.e., rotation).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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90.3 | .. Positive rotation provided by internal means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.28. Device wherein means is provided within the operating mechanism
to rotate the valve.
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90.31 | . Camshaft drive means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means is provided to drive a member (normally
a rotating shaft) carrying the actuating element (cam) of the operation mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.32 | . With alternate interruption of drive train: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means is provided in an element (e.g., push
rod, tappet, etc.), between the cam and the valve rendering that
element ineffective--and interrupting the valve actuation--during
alternate revolutions of the crankshaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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90.33 | . Lubrication: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device wherein means is provided for supplying, or controlling
a supply of, lubricant to one or more elements of the operating
mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.34 | .. Camshaft: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.33. Device wherein a lubricant supply means directs lubricant under pressure to the camshaft and its cams. | |
90.35 | .. Tappet as conduit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.33. Device wherein a lubricant supply means directs lubricant under pressure through a tappet to another element of the operating mechanism. | |
90.36 | .. Rocker fulcrum as conduit: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.33. Device wherein a lubricant supply means directs lubricant under pressure through a rocker fulcrum (sometimes a tubular rocker support shaft) to another element of the operating mechanism. | |
90.37 | .. Seals and shields: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.33. Device wherein a lubricant control means is provided to
restrict, confine or direct a supply of lubricant for the operating
mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.38 | .. Housings: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.33. Device wherein means is provided to enclose a portion of
the operating mechanism which is subject to unrestrained lubricant
flow.
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90.39 | . Rocker: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device comprising a pivoted element, usually directly engaging
a valve stem, which transmits the motion developed in the operating mechanism
to the valve.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.4 | .. Plural valves: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.39. Device wherein the rocker element includes means to transmit motion to more than one valve. | |
90.41 | .. Individually fulcrumed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.39. Device wherein the pivot means provided for the rocker element is separate form and independent of the pivot means provided for any like, pivoted element. | |
90.42 | ... Rotation prevention: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.41. Device wherein means is provided to restrict the pivotal movement of a rocker element to a plane defined by the pivot and by the stem of the valve which the rocker element engages. | |
90.43 | ... Lash adjustment at fulcrum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.41. Device wherein means is provided in the region of the pivot
to vary the relationship of the rocker element to other elements
of the operating mechanism in order to create, modify or eliminate
clearance (lash) in the mechanism.
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90.44 | .. Cam engaged: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.39. Device wherein the rocker element is in direct contact with the actuating element (cam) of the operating mechanism. | |
90.45 | .. Lash adjustment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.39. Device wherein the rocker element is provided (other than
at its pivot) with means to create, modify or eliminate clearance
(lash) in the operating mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.46 | ... Hydraulic: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.45. Device wherein the lash adjusting means is of the reciprocating hydraulic chamber type. | |
90.47 | .. Yieldable engagement: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.39. Device wherein means is provided to afford a degree of resilience
to the transmitting of motion by the rocker element.
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90.48 | . Tappet: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device comprising an element which is in direct contact
with the actuating element (cam) and which transmits (ordinarily
by reciprocatory movement) the motion of that element to other components
of the operating mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.49 | .. Cushion and silencer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.48. Device wherein the tappet element includes a nonmetallic insert or yieldable clearance take-up means to soften and/or reduce the noise of its transmitting of motion. | |
90.5 | .. Rotation prevention: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.48. Device wherein means provided to restrict the movement of
the tappet element to the reciprocatory one intended to be imparted
to it by the actuating element (cam).
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90.51 | .. Composition, surface treatment manufacture: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.48. Device wherein the composition of material or the surface
treatment or the process of manufacture, or more than one of them,
of a tappet element is of primary concern.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.52 | .. Lash adjustment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.48. Device wherein the tappet element is provided with means to create, modify or eliminate clearance (lash) in the operating mechanism. | |
90.53 | ... Self-operating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.52. Device wherein the adjusting means of the tappet element functions on its own initiative in response to the presence of an incorrect amount of clearance (lash) in the operating mechanism. | |
90.54 | .... Screw: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.53. Device wherein the self-operating adjusting means is of the mechanical screw type. | |
90.55 | .... Hydraulic: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.53. Device wherein the self-operating adjusting means is of
the reciprocating hydraulic chamber type.
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90.56 | ..... Pressure flow upwardly into pressure chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.55. Device wherein the reciprocating hydraulic adjusting means has its pressure chamber located above (gravity-wise) its reservoir. | |
90.57 | ..... Vent or bleed means for pressure chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.55. Device wherein the reciprocating hydraulic adjusting means
has a fluid vent from its pressure chamber.
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90.58 | ..... Self-contained: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.55. Device wherein the reciprocating hydraulic adjusting means is precharged with fluid and usually sealed; consequently, it does not require a continuous, external fluid supply (e.g., the lubricating system of an engine). | |
90.59 | ..... With provision for horizontal positioning: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.55. Device wherein the reciprocating hydraulic adjusting means is modified in such fashion as to maintain the reservoir sufficiently charged that the check valve will be kept submerged while the means reciprocates in a generally horizontal plane. | |
90.6 | . Cam: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device comprising a noncircular or eccentrically disposed
surface formed on a rotating element, which constitutes the initial
actuating means of the operating mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.61 | . Rod: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device comprising an elongated, reciprocating element located
between a tappet and a rocker or valve and serving to transmit the
motion of the tappet thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.62 | .. Self-adjusting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.61. Device wherein the rod element includes a length-changing means which functions on its own initiative in response to the presence of an incorrect amount of clearance (lash) in the operating mechanism. | |
90.63 | ... Hydraulic: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.62. Device wherein the self-adjusting means of the rod element is of the reciprocating hydraulic chamber type. | |
90.64 | .. Pull type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.61. Device wherein the rod element is subjected to tension while
performing its operational function.
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90.65 | . Spring: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1. Device comprising a resilient element which is utilized
to bias a valve toward its normal (usually closed) position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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90.66 | .. Attenuated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.65. Device wherein means is provided to dampen or otherwise regulate the rate at which the spring element imparts to the valve the potential energy that it received through the operation of the valve mechanism. | |
90.67 | .. Seat and retainer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 90.65. Device wherein means is provided for receiving the fixed
end portion of a spring element and/or for retaining the
other end portion thereof in engagement with a valve or its operating
mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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143R | IGNITERS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous devices not coming within the terms of the
definitions of the following subclasses of igniters for igniting
the successive combustible charges supplied to and burned within
an internal-combustion engine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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144 | . Flame: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Igniting devices for internal-combustion engines comprising
a burner located without the working cylinder and means for igniting
the combustible charge in the working cylinder from the flame of
the burner either by causing the flame itself to come into direct
contact with the combustible charge within the working cylinder
or by causing the flame to ignite an auxiliary volume of combustible
gas, which burning gas is then moved into direct contact with the combustible
charge within the working cylinder. Also contains patents in which
a flame-igniting device as above defined is disclosed and claimed
in combination with the supply or exhaust valve of the engine or
with a valve controlling both the supply and exhaust ports. Flame-igniting
devices capable of use only with internal-combustion engines operating upon
noncompression cycles are when disclosed or claimed in patents claiming
also a complete noncompression engine, considered as a part of such
an engine and are not cross-referenced into this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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145R | . Incandescent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Igniting devices for internal-combustion engines comprising
an igniting member maintained at a temperature sufficient to ignite
the combustible mixture when it comes into contact therewith and
heating means for maintaining such igniting member at a high temperature,
generally at incandescence, whereby the combustible charge will
be ignited upon coming into contact with the igniting member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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146 | .. Valve controlled: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Incandescent igniting devices differing from those in the preceding subclass in that a valve operated by and in unison with the engine is provided for controlling the flow of the combustible charge to the igniting elements, whereby the time at which ignition of the charge takes place may be determined. | |
145A | .. Electric (incandescent ignitors using electricity as a source of heat) |
This subclass has no definition. | |
146.5R | . Sparkers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Devices for igniting the successive combustible charges
supplied to and burned within an internal-combustion engine, comprising
electrodes extending into the space occupied by the charge to be
ignited and electrical means for producing a spark or a series of
sparks between the said electrodes, whereby the charge is ignited
and subordinate and auxiliary devices designed and especially adapted
for use with igniting devices of the type set forth above and incapable
of use in the manner contemplated in other relations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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147 | .. Low tension: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146.5. Miscellaneous sparking devices for internal-combustion engines
in which a current of electricity of low electromotive force is
employed, thus necessitating the use therewith of electrodes normally
out of contact with each other and which must be brought into contact
and separated to produce a spark, as in the following make-and-break
subclasses of electrical igniting devices, and subordinate and auxiliary devices
designed for use with and to form a part of such an igniting device
and incapable of use in the manner contemplated, in other relations,
the device in question in either case not coming within the terms
of the definition of some one of the following sparker subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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149R | .. Dynamos: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146.5. Mechanism whereby a dynamo-electric machine is operated
by an engine and is adapted to furnish a current of electricity
for the purpose of igniting the successive, combustible charges
supplied thereto and patents disclosing and claiming a dynamo in
combination with igniting mechanism, which, considered by itself,
would be classifiable in some one of the following igniter subclasses,
the connection between the two being other than by means of mere
conducting-wires, and patents disclosing and claiming dynamo-electric
machines having features of construction or peculiarities in mode
of operation particularly adapting them for use with internal-combustion
engines for the purposes of igniting the successive combustible
charges supplied thereto and rendering their use in other relations
or with other devices impossible, or at least unlikely. Dynamo coming
within the last of the above cases are generally so intimately associated
with or built into the elements constituting the engine with which
they are used as to be incapable of separation therefrom and of
operation or existence as separate mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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149A | ... Inductor type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
149B | ... Impulse starters |
This subclass has no definition. | |
149D | ... Flywheel type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
149E | ... Oscillating armature type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
149F | ... Special waveforms |
This subclass has no definition. | |
149FA | .... Double current generators |
This subclass has no definition. | |
149G | ... Movable pole shoes and bell-magnets |
This subclass has no definition. | |
149H | ... Reciprocating |
This subclass has no definition. | |
150 | .. Combined adjusting and exhaust regulating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146.5. Manually operated means used in connections with sparking devices for determining the time in the cycle of operation of the engine at which the charge will be ignited, in combination with means for acting upon the exhaust-valve of the engine to regulate the said valve, said last-mentioned means ordinarily operating either to cause the exhaust-valve to be opened upon the compression-stroke of the engine to thereby facilitate the starting thereof or to maintain the exhaust-valve in a partially or wholly open position thereby acting as a manually controlled speed-regulator. | |
151 | .. Combined sparker and valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146.5. Devices comprising a valve for controlling the supply of combustible mixture to the working cylinder or combustion-chamber of an internal-combustion engine or the exhaust of burned gases therefrom, or both the supply and exhaust, together with a sparking device one or both the electrodes of which is carried by and moves with the said valve. | |
152 | .. Combined valve and sparker operating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146.5. Valve-operating mechanism and sparker-operating mechanism
in combination and either with or without speed-controlling mechanism. In
such of the devices occurring in this subclass as include speed-controlling
mechanism the speed-regulator is frequently of the charge-omitting
type, and the combined valve and sparker operating mechanism then
takes the form of means operating to interrupt the operation of
the igniting device of the engine while the supply of combustible
charges thereto is suspended. The valve acted upon may be the supply,
exhaust, fuel, or other valve upon which the operation of the engine
depends, and the sparking device is always of the make-and-break
type, hereinafter defined.
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169R | .. Plugs: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146.5. Combinations of a jump spark ignitor with internal combustion
engine structure or an internal engine and spark plug accessory
which is especially designed for use with an internal combustion
engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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169CL | ... Cleaners automatic |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169CM | .... Cleaners manual |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169CA | ... Compound insulation |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169CB | ... Core retaining |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169DW | ... Disk wrappings type |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169EL | ... Electrodes |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169EA | ... Adjustable gap |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169EB | ... Replaceable electrode |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169EC | ... Adjustable and replaceable |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169C | ... Cool |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169E | ... Insulated electrodes |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169G | ... Intensity in gap only |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169P | ... Insulating protecting |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169PA | .... Tubes and attachments |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169PB | .... Heaters |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169PH | .... Hoods and shields |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169MG | ... Multiple firing gap |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169TC | ... Transparent combustion chamber |
This subclass has no definition. | |
169V | ... Valved |
This subclass has no definition. | |
153 | .. Make and break: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 146.5. Sparking devices comprising relatively fixed and movable electrodes normally out of contact with each other and mechanically-operated means adapted to move the movable electrode into contact with the fixed electrode shortly before and to separate the electrodes when the combustible charge is to be ignited, whereby an electric circuit in which the electrodes are included is alternately made and broken and a spark produced, and subordinate and auxiliary devices designed and especially adapted for use with sparking devices of the type above set forth and incapable of use in the manner contemplated in other relations, the device in question in either case not coming within the definition of some one of the following make-and-break subclasses. The make-and-break subclasses include sparking devices in which the time during which the electrodes are in contact with each other is much greater than the time during which they are separated, the normal condition of electrodes which must be brought into contact and then separated to produce a spark being considered as out of contact with each other. | |
154 | ... Electromagnetic: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Sparking devices differing from those defined in the preceding
definition in that the operating means for the movable electrode
includes an electromagnet.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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155 | ... Pneumatic: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Sparking devices differing from those defined in the second preceding definition in that the means whereby the movable electrode is actuated and is dependent for its operation upon a gas under pressure. | |
162 | ... Piston-operated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Sparking devices comprising an electric circuit including relatively fixed and movable electrodes, the movable electrode being adapted to make and break the circuit, as in the preceding make-and-break subclasses, and the operation thereof depending immediately upon the piston of the engine with which the device is used. In the devices in this subclass the movable electrode is either carried by the working piston or is located in the clearance space of the engine, and said electrode when not carried by the piston is generally operated directly by the piston or by a projection thereon as it comes into contact with the movable electrode near the end of the compression-stroke. | |
156 | ... Reciprocating electrode: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Make-and-break sparking devices in which the movable electrode partakes of a reciprocating motion of translation, the relatively fixed electrode being either rigid or yieldable. | |
157 | ... Rocking-electrode hammer action: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Make-and-break sparking devices in which the movable electrode
is carried by a rock-shaft and the electrodes separated by a reverse movement
of the movable electrode, the relatively fixed electrode being rigid
and unyielding the operating means to the movable electrode including
a hammer element adapted to separate the electrodes by delivering
a blow to the movable electrode, whereby a more sudden separation
of the electrodes is secured and a more effective spark produced.
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158 | ... Rocking and rigid electrodes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Make-and-break sparking devices in which the movable electrode is carried by a rock-shaft and the electrodes separated by a reverse movement of the movable electrode, the relatively fixed electrode being rigid and unyielding. | |
159 | ... Rocking and yielding electrodes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Make-and-break sparking devices in which the movable electrode is carried by a rock-shaft and the electrodes separated by a reverse movement of the movable electrode, the relatively fixed electrode being yieldable, so as to move slightly after contact of the electrodes and during the slight further movement of the movable electrode. | |
160 | ... Oscillating electrodes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Make-and-break sparking devices in which the movable electrode is carried by the rock-shaft and the electrodes separated by a farther movement of the movable electrode in the same direction. | |
161 | ... Rotary electrodes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Make-and-break sparking devices in which the movable electrode is carried by the rotating shaft driven continuously or intermittently in one direction. | |
163 | ... Stationary-electrode structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. The form of construction of the stationary electrode designed
for use with and to form a part of a sparking device including relatively
fixed and movable electrodes, as in the preceding make-and-break
subclasses, such stationary electrodes being ordinarily capable
of use with and as forming a part of any sparking device which includes
fixed and movable electrodes.
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164 | ... Adjusting mechanism: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Inventions relating to manually-operated means used in connection
with make-and-break sparking devices for determining the time in
the cycle of operation of the engine at which the electrodes shall
be separated and the combustible charge ignited. Includes manually-operated
devices for temporarily delaying the ignition of the combustible
charge when the engine is to be started for the purpose of preventing
a reversal of rotation of the engine at such times.
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146.5A | .. Timers |
This subclass has no definition. | |
146.5B | .. Ignition locks |
This subclass has no definition. | |
146.5C | .. Fluid level or pressure-actuated ignition switches |
This subclass has no definition. | |
146.5D | .. Devices for opening the ignition circuit when engine stops in order to save battery |
This subclass has no definition. | |
143A | . High compression igniters |
This subclass has no definition. | |
143B | . Special charge igniters |
This subclass has no definition. | |
143C | . Insulated casing enclosing wires leading to plugs, distributor, etc. |
This subclass has no definition. | |
192.1 | VIBRATION COMPENSATING DEVICE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having a stabilizing device adapted only for use
with an internal combustion engine, which renders the force transmitted
to the main driving shaft of the engine more uniform and minimizes
or counteracts a shaking or oscillating motion caused by the reciprocation
of engine parts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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192.2 | . Balancing arrangement: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 192.1. Apparatus wherein the stabilizing device comprises means to establish equilibrium using equal opposing forces. | |
197.1 | TRANSMISSION MECHANISM FROM PISTON: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus having a mechanism intermediate the working piston
and the main driving-shaft of the engine through which power is transmitted
to the shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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197.5 | . Including clutch: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.1. Apparatus wherein the transmitting mechanism includes a device to engage or disengage it from a drive shaft. | |
197.2 | . With particular piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.1. Apparatus provided with specific details to the working piston. | |
197.4 | . Crankshaft and connecting rod: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.1. Apparatus wherein the transmitting mechanism includes a reciprocating rod linking rotating parts and one of the rotating parts is a shaft that has a handle or arm attached at right angles. | |
197.3 | .. Particular connecting rod: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.4. Apparatus wherein the transmitting mechanism includes specific details to the reciprocating rod. | |
179.1 | STARTING DEVICE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus, for starting an internal combustion engine from
a condition of rest or for facilitating the starting of such an
engine (i.e., starter) or accessory device designed to facilitate
the starting of such an engine and incapable of use in the manner
contemplated in other relations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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179.2 | . Remote control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus having a means separated from the engine which directs the operation of the starter (e.g., radioed instruction). | |
179.3 | . Condition responsive control of starting device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus having means to regulate operation of the starter in response to a sensed parameter. | |
179.4 | .. Including automatic engine stop: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.3. Apparatus wherein the regulation of the engine is a ceasing operation for the engine. | |
179.5 | . Control of spark ignition during starting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein a means is provided to regulate intermittent firing of the igniter when the engine is starting. | |
179.6 | . Control of glow plug during starting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein a means is provided to regulate a small heating element used to start ignition, when the engine is starting. | |
179.7 | . Auxiliary fuel supply device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the accessory device comprises means for
supplying a combustible mixture of air and hydrocarbon directly
to the working cylinder of the engine, together with means for igniting
the mixture within the working cylinder after the mixture is supplied
to the cylinder, and the accessory devices being separate and distinct
from the elements constituting the engine and not involved in its
normal operation.
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179.8 | .. Starting fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.7. Apparatus having a separate distinct liquid or gas, such as alcohol or acetylene, used to initiate ignition. | |
179.9 | .. Priming means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.7. Apparatus having means to prepare the engine for ignition by adding an initial amount of priming fuel to a carburetor or cylinder. | |
179.11 | ... Manual pump device or squeeze bulb: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.9. Apparatus wherein the primer is a hand-operated fluid transfer means. | |
179.12 | ... Condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.9. Apparatus wherein the primer operates in response to a sensed parameter. | |
179.13 | .... Temperature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.12. Apparatus wherein the sensed parameter to which the primer responds is temperature. | |
179.14 | .. Condition responsive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.7. Apparatus wherein the means for supplying a mixture operates in response to a sensed parameter. | |
179.15 | ... Temperature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.14. Apparatus wherein the sensed parameter to which the means for supplying a mixture responds is temperature. | |
179.16 | . With fuel or intake air control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the starter regulates hydrocarbon delivery or incoming air. | |
179.17 | .. Fuel injection pump: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.16. Apparatus wherein the hydrocarbon regulating means is a fluid transfer means which delivers hydrocarbon directly into a cylinder of the engine. | |
179.18 | .. Intake air control: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.16. Apparatus wherein a means regulates the flow of incoming air. | |
179.19 | . Includes auxiliary internal combustion engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the starter is an additional or another engine. | |
179.21 | . With charge or cylinder heating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein an accessory device increases the temperature of the hydrocarbon in a combustion chamber or cylinder which makes up a combustion chamber. | |
179.22 | . Inertia type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the energy for the starter is obtained from a moving mass (e.g., flywheel). | |
179.24 | . Either power or manual starting device: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus having a starter which can be manipulated by hand or by an application of energy. | |
179.27 | . For airplane: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the starter is especially adapted for use with an aircraft (e.g., toy airplane). | |
185.7 | .. Manual type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.27. Apparatus wherein starting means is hand-operated. | |
179.28 | . With electric generating means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the starter is equipped with a producer of electricity. | |
179.29 | .. Auxiliary magneto: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the electric producer generates alternating current with small magnets. | |
179.31 | . Having fluid-driven starting motor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the starter includes a motor which is powered by pneumatic or hydraulic means. | |
183.1 | . Gunpowder type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the accessory device utilizes a charge
of gunpowder or other explosive substance which is exploded and
the resulting gases act upon the working piston of the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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182.1 | . Compression relieving type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the accessory device comprises means for
permitting a portion of the combustible charge in the working cylinder
to escape during a part of the compression stroke of the engine,
whereby the volume of the combustible charge compressed and ignited
upon the initial strokes of the engine is reduced and the external
work necessary to start the engine is lessened.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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179.25 | . Having specific mounting or drive connection for electric starter motor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus having detail to an electric motor support or to its linkage between the starter and the internal combustion engine. | |
179.26 | .. For nonoperator supporting wheeled platform: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.25. Apparatus wherein the internal combustion engine and starter are mounted on a distinct wheeled platform such as a mower which is not intended to support a human. | |
185.1 | . Mechanical: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the starter includes mechanical means
forming a connection between the mainshaft of the engine and starting
force input operating member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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185.14 | .. Includes mechanical potential motor (e. g., spring motor): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Apparatus wherein the starter includes a motor which is powered by means which stores mechanical energy. | |
185.15 | ... Operated by wheels of vehicle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.14. Apparatus wherein the energy input source for the energy storing means is a wheel of a vehicle. | |
185.2 | .. Includes cable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Apparatus wherein the operating member or mechanical means includes an elongated flaccid member (e.g., cord, chain, etc.) which the operator uses to revolve the main shaft of the engine. | |
185.3 | ... Including recoil mechanism: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.2. Apparatus which also includes a grooved wheel around which the elongated flaccid member is turned and a resilient coil which draws the cord tight. | |
185.4 | .... Lever connected to the cable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.3. Apparatus having a rigid rod pivoted on a fixed fulcrum attached to the elongated flaccid member which assists the operator in revolving the mainshaft of the engine. | |
185.5 | .. Includes lever or slide linkage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Apparatus wherein the mechanical means includes a rigid rod pivoted on a fixed fulcrum or a rod that glides along a guide and is used to revolve the main shaft of the engine. | |
185.6 | ... Lever or slide actuates a gear segment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.5. Apparatus wherein the rod moves a toothed machine element to revolve the mainshaft of the engine. | |
185.8 | .. Includes friction means in linkage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Apparatus wherein the mechanical means connecting the operating member to the main shaft includes means which transmits power to the main shaft solely by rubbing contact between two or more of its components. | |
185.9 | .. Includes coaxial cooperating threaded members in linkage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Apparatus wherein the mechanical means connecting the operating member to the main shaft includes means which transmits power to the main shaft when two helical or spiral ridged members rotate relative to each other about the same axis. | |
185.11 | .. Includes worm gear in linkage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Apparatus wherein the mechanical means connecting the operating member to the main shaft includes a threaded shaft and a wheel with teeth that mesh into the threads. | |
185.12 | .. Including crank-type handle: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Apparatus wherein the operating member for the mechanical means consists of a hand operated lever or arm attached at a right angle to the engine or a linking shaft which it revolves. | |
185.13 | ... Means provided to prevent counter rotation of crank: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.12. Apparatus having a means to preclude the lever or arm from revolving in a direction opposite its normal direction of operation. | |
184.1 | . With auxiliary igniters: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Apparatus wherein the engine is started by introducing and
burning a combustible mixture within the working cylinder, and the
starting means includes either (1) a supplemental igniting device
separate and distinct from the regular igniting device of the engine
and designed for temporary use at starting or (2) a device independent
of the engine for actuating the regular igniting device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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184.21 | INTAKE MANIFOLD: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Internal-combustion engine component including at least
one passage in fluid communication with an inlet port of the engine through
which working fluid (i.e., air, air and fuel mixture, etc.) is distributed
to the engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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184.22 | . Passage to crankcase: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold wherein the chamber enclosing the crankshaft is connected to the intake manifold to draw working fluid therethrough. | |
184.23 | .. For use with carburetor upstream of manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.22. Intake manifold which communicates between the engine and a device for mixing air with fuel working fluid. | |
184.24 | .. Manifold having plenum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.22. Intake manifold including a chamber in which the working fluid is contained at a pressure different from the pressure surrounding the chamber. | |
184.25 | ... Plural plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.24. Intake manifold including more than one chamber in which the working fluid is contained. | |
184.26 | .... Interconnection between plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.25. Intake manifold wherein the plenums communicate with one another so that working fluid may pass between the plenums. | |
184.27 | .. Multiple passage leading to inlet of one cylinder head: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.22. Intake manifold including more than one passage communicating with inlet ports at the end of a single cylinder in the closed end of a single cylinder so that working fluid is distributed therethrough. | |
184.28 | . For engine having radiating cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold adapted to be used on an engine which includes a rotary output shaft that turns about an axis intersected by and extending perpendicular to the axes of first and second cylinders, the pistons of these cylinders are drivingly connected to the rotary output shaft, wherein the cylinder axes are separated at an angle with respect to one another. | |
184.29 | .. Star-type engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.28. Intake manifold wherein the engine includes at least three cylinders which are equally spaced about the centrally disposed rotary output shaft. | |
184.31 | .. For V-type engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.28. Intake manifold wherein the engine has first and second cylinders with axes spaced apart by an angle less than 180°. | |
184.32 | ... For use with carburetor upstream of manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.31. Intake manifold which communicates between the engine and a device for mixing air with fuel working fluid. | |
184.33 | .... Inlet manifold heated by outlet manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.32. Intake manifold wherein the engine also includes at least one exhaust passage intermingling with or in thermal communication with at least a portion of the intake manifold. | |
184.34 | ... Manifold having plenum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.31. Intake manifold including a chamber in which the working fluid is contained at a pressure different from the pressure surrounding the chamber. | |
184.35 | .... Plural plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.31. Intake manifold including more than one chamber in which the working fluid is contained. | |
184.36 | ..... Interconnection between plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.35. Intake manifold wherein the plenums communicate with one another so that working fluid may pass between the plenums. | |
184.37 | ... Multiple passage leading to inlet of one cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.31. Intake manifold including more than one passage communicating with inlet ports at the end of a single cylinder in the closed end of a single cylinder so that working fluid is distributed therethrough. | |
184.38 | . For in-line engine: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold wherein the engine has first and second cylinders with axes coplanar with the axis of the rotary output axis. | |
184.39 | .. For use with carburetor upstream of manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.38. Intake manifold which communicates between the engine and a device for mixing air with fuel working fluid. | |
184.41 | ... Intake manifold heated by outlet manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.39. Intake manifold wherein the engine also includes at least one exhaust passage intermingling with or in thermal communication with at least a portion of the intake manifold. | |
184.42 | .. Manifold having plenum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.38. Intake manifold including a chamber in which the working fluid is contained at a pressure different from the pressure surrounding the chamber. | |
184.43 | ... Plural plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.42. Intake manifold including more than one chamber in which the working fluid is contained. | |
184.44 | .... Interconnection between plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.43. Intake manifold wherein the plenums communicate with one another so that working fluid may pass between the plenums. | |
184.45 | .. Multiple passage leading to inlet of one cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.38. Intake manifold including more than one passage communicating with inlet ports at the end of a single cylinder in the closed end of a single cylinder so that working fluid is distributed therethrough. | |
184.46 | . For use with carburetor upstream of manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold which communicates between the engine and a device for mixing air with fuel working fluid. | |
184.47 | . Manifold having plenum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold including a chamber in which the working fluid is contained at a pressure different from the pressure surrounding the chamber. | |
184.48 | .. Plural plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.47. Intake manifold including more than one chamber in which the working fluid is contained. | |
184.49 | ... Interconnection between plenums: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.48. Intake manifold wherein the plenums communicate with one another so that working fluid may pass between the plenums. | |
184.51 | .. Adjustable plenum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.47. Intake manifold wherein the volume of the plenum chamber is variably controlled. | |
184.52 | . Multiple passage leading to inlet of one cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold including more than one passage communicating with inlet ports at the end of a single cylinder in the closed end of a single cylinder so that working fluid is distributed therethrough. | |
184.53 | . Manifold tuning, balancing, or pressure regulating means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold including means to: (a) select the resonant frequency of the chamber for desired flow of the working fluid; (b) optimally vary the passage to one cylinder with respect to another; (c) control the pressure of the working fluid therein. | |
184.54 | .. With back flow prevention valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.53. Intake manifold including a one-way valve for restricting the flow of working material to one direction. | |
184.55 | .. Adjustable length passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.53. Intake manifold including a means for changing the length of the work fluids path to the engine. | |
184.56 | .. Adjustable cross section passage: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.53. Intake manifold including a means for reversibly blocking a portion of the flow path of the working fluid. | |
184.57 | .. Resonator chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.53. Intake manifold including an enclosed portion that is tuned to convert the pressure pulses of the pistons sucking in air into resonating waves which facilitates more efficient charging of the cylinders. | |
184.58 | .. Return loop to inlet: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.53. Intake manifold including a recirculation passage which allows a portion of the working fluid to bypass the engine cylinder and return to the inlet of the manifold. | |
184.59 | .. Interconnection between passages: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.53. Intake manifold wherein the inlet passages communicate with one another allowing working fluid to pass there between. | |
184.61 | . Manifold material or composition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 184.21. Intake manifold wherein the material or composition of the manifold is specifically claimed. | |
142.5R | WITH HEATING MEANS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices not provided for in any of the preceding subclasses
or in other classes including (1) the combination of an internal-combustion
engine with means for supplying external energy to heat the engine,
or (2) the combination of an internal combustion engine and means
supplying external energy to heat some part or adjunct of the engine
such as a radiator, or (3) internal-combustion engines having means
using heat from one part to heat another part by exchanging heat
between the parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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142.5E | . Electric heaters for heating cooling system |
This subclass has no definition. | |
657 | COMBUSTION CHAMBER: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the
form, construction, or other feature of the volume enclosed by the
engine cylinder head, piston bore, and the top of the piston when
ignition of the combustible mixture takes place or when the piston
is at top dead center.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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658 | . L- or T-shaped: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter wherein the combustion chamber in the cylinder head extends laterally on one side of the top of the engine cylinder with the extension and cylinder bore in cross section forming an "L" shape, or two lateral extensions which in cross section with the cylinder bore form a "T" shape. | |
659 | . Having groove to aid combustion: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter in which at least one groove is provided
on part or all of the surface of the combustion chamber.
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660 | . An acoustic cavity used to attenuate detonation shock waves (e.g., bodine): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter in which an especially designed cavity or recess is provided in the combustion chamber to reduce or attenuate the force of a shock wave produced when the mixture detonates (engine knock). | |
661 | . Having squish area: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter in which part of the combustion chamber surface of the head extends toward the top of the piston so that when the piston reaches top dead center, only mechanical clearance space is left between the extended surface and piston and any fluid between said surface and piston top is squeezed out and into the remaining combustion chamber volume. | |
662 | . Multiple annular combustion chambers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter wherein the combustion chamber is formed
by rotating a plurality of noncontiguous planar shapes through 360° about
a fixed central axis to form a plurality of ringlike or annular
chambers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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663 | . Annular combustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter wherein the combustion chamber is formed by rotating a planar shape through 360° about a fixed central axis to form a ringlike or annular chamber. | |
664 | . Combustion chamber shape is a figure of revolution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter wherein the combustion chamber is of a shape which may be formed by rotating at least one planar shape through 360° about a fixed central axis with the resulting volume being symmetrical about the central axis. | |
665 | .. Spherical: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 664. Subject matter in which the figure of revolution is ball-shaped. | |
666 | .. Hemispherical: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 664. Subject matter in which the figure of revolution is dome-shaped. | |
667 | . Asymmetric combustion chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter in which the combustion chamber is asymmetrical. | |
668 | . Having coating or liner: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter in which at least part of the combustion
chamber has a lamina on its inner surface.
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669 | .. With means for mounting, coating, or liner: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 668. Subject matter including a liner or coating-securing means. | |
670 | . Having catalytic combustion aid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter in which some part of the combustion chamber contains a catalytic material which acts as an aid to combustion. | |
671 | . Cylinder head shape conforms to piston shape: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 657. Subject matter in which the general shape or contour of a significant portion of the cylinder head follows the piston shape. | |
193.1 | PARTICULAR PISTON AND ENCLOSING CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus including a specific detail of either a piston
(e.g., shape, material, construction) or a guiding chamber cooperating
with and surrounding the piston, the piston or guiding chamber being
adapted soley for use with an internal combustion engine or having
a feature, construction, or peculiarity in mode of operation rendering
its use in other relations or with other devices either impossible,
or improbable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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193.5 | . Cylinder head: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1. Apparatus having structure which is utilized in an assembly which fits on the upper end of the combustion chamber and which may have provision for valves, spark plugs, etc. | |
193.3 | .. Having detail of connection to other cylinder structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 193.5. Apparatus having specific means which is utilized in fastening the structures to the upper end of the chamber. | |
193.6 | . Piston: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1. Apparatus having a structure, shape, material or construction which is utilized in a piston (i.e., a solid cylinder or disk fitting snugly in a cylinder and reciprocating). | |
193.4 | .. Having detail to guiding structure cooperating with cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 193.6. Apparatus wherein the piston has a specific surface or formation cooperating with the chamber. | |
193.2 | . Cylinder detail: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1. Apparatus having a specific detail of the chamber in which a piston moves. | |
188.1 | VALVE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Apparatus relating to either (1) the intake, exhaust, or
fuel valve of an internal-combustion engine having a stationary
opening (i.e., seat) and moving closure (i.e., head) or (2), a component
thereof (e.g., a valve-seat), or (3), an adjunct accessory (e.g.,
supply conduit for valve) solely for use with the supply, exhaust
or fuel valve of an internal combustion engine.
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189 | . Detachable: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Conveniently disassembled valves and accessories thereof
and ordinarily comprises means for attaching the supply or exhaust
conduit to the engine in such a way as to be readily disconnected
therefrom, thereby permitting the convenient inspection and generally
the removal of the valve located at the end of the conduit in question.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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188.14 | . Valve head cooperates with manifold: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus wherein the valve head has a specific form to engage an aperture of the manifold. | |
188.4 | . Reciprocating valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus wherein the valve head slides to and fro during an opening and closing operation. | |
188.15 | .. Shepherd type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.4. Apparatus having two valve heads one on top of the other with concentric valve stems. | |
188.2 | .. Poppet: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.4. Apparatus wherein the valve head has a flat disk shape on the end of a vertically set stem. | |
188.16 | ... Pivoted: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.2. Apparatus wherein there is a hinge member between the stem and the valve head. | |
188.3 | ... Material or structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.2. Apparatus having specific substance, or arrangement (e.g., ceramic) of the valve. | |
188.5 | .. Sleeve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.4. Apparatus wherein the valve head consists of a thin cylindrically shaped sheet having an inlet or outlet port. | |
190.1 | . Rotary: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus having a valve that rotates, or revolves during
opening and closing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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190.12 | .. Sleeve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.1. Apparatus wherein the rotary valve comprises a thin cylindrical sheet which rotates on an axis which is the same axis as the central axis of the cylinder. | |
190.13 | ... With lubrication means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.12. Apparatus having a means to reduce the friction of the valve. | |
190.3 | .. For crankcase: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.1. Apparatus wherein fuel and combustion products enter or leave the crankcase through a rotary valve. | |
190.4 | .. Double function type: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.1. Apparatus wherein a single rotary valve handles both intake and exhaust gases for cylinder. | |
190.5 | ... For two or more cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.4. Apparatus wherein a single multi-passage rotary valve handles both intake and exhaust gases for multiple cylinders. | |
190.6 | ... Elongated rotary double-function valve: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.4. Apparatus wherein a cross section of the rotary valve perpendicular to its rotational axis is significantly smaller than the dimension of the valve parallel to its rotational axis. | |
190.7 | .... Tapered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.6. Apparatus wherein the cross section of the rotary valve becomes gradually narrower along the rotational axis. | |
190.8 | ... In horizontal plane above cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.4. Apparatus wherein the rotary valve lies in a plane which is perpendicular to the cylinder axis and located over the top of the cylinder. | |
190.9 | .... Tapered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.8. Apparatus wherein the cross section of the rotary valve perpendicular to the rotational axis becomes gradually narrowed along the rotational axis. | |
190.11 | ... In horizontal plane on the side of the cylinder: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.4. Apparatus wherein the rotary valve lies in a plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis and is located at the side of the cylinder. | |
190.14 | .. Disc, cone, or sphere shaped: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.1. Apparatus wherein the rotating valve body is in the form of either (1) a thin flat rotor; (2) a surface generated by a straight line passing through a fixed point and moving along the intersection with a fixed curve; or (3) a three-dimensional surface all points of which are equidistant from a fixed point. | |
190.15 | ... Controls plural cylinders: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.14. Apparatus wherein the valve controls the intake, exhaust or fuel to more than one cylinder. | |
190.2 | .. Single function, (i.e., exhaust and intake by separate tube): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.1. Apparatus wherein the rotary valve moves between individual distinct ducts. | |
190.16 | .. Lubricant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.1. Apparatus having means to reduce the friction of the rotary valve. | |
190.17 | .. Seal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 190.1. Apparatus having means to prevent leaking of fluids around the rotary valve. | |
188.6 | . Packing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus having a sealing means located around a valve
stem.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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188.7 | . Combustion improving accessory: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus having adjuncts for the valve (e.g., vanes) for enhancing the combustion process. | |
188.8 | . Valve seat relation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus having specific characteristics of a stationary opening with which the valve head cooperates. | |
188.9 | . Guide, lubricant or coolant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus either (1) having means to direct the motion of a valve stem or (2) having a substance to reduce friction or (3) has a substance to dissipate heat. | |
188.11 | . Wear feature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus wherein a feature or means is provided to compensate for changes or deterioration of a valve component or accessory caused by prolonged use. | |
188.12 | .. For spring: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.11. Apparatus wherein the component or accessory compensated is a resilient element. | |
188.13 | ... Including attaching means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.12. Apparatus having means to hold spring in place. | |
188.17 | . Having actuation springs concentric with valve stem: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Apparatus wherein a valve return spring encircles the valve stem and is centered around the same axis. | |
195R | FRAME CONSTRUCTION: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. The form, construction, or other features of the casing,
frame, or bed-plate which supports the various elements necessary
to form a complete internal-combustion engine and maintains them
in proper operative relation with one another and includes such
constructions of the cylinder as relate to the means of attachments
to the bed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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195A | . Auxiliaries, brackets |
This subclass has no definition. | |
195C | . All covers |
This subclass has no definition. | |
195E | . Electrical |
This subclass has no definition. | |
195P | . Outboard motor frames |
This subclass has no definition. | |
195S | . Sheet metal frames |
This subclass has no definition. | |
195AC | . Inclined cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
195H | . Horizontal stress members |
This subclass has no definition. | |
195HC | . Horizontal cylinder |
This subclass has no definition. | |
196R | LUBRICATORS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lubricating means for internal-combustion engines, the device
in question being designed and adapted for use only with such an engine
and being dependent for its action upon peculiarities of operation
present only in internal-combustion engines.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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196A | . Filtering |
This subclass has no definition. | |
196CP | . Crankcase, pressure control |
This subclass has no definition. | |
196AB | . Heating and cooling |
This subclass has no definition. | |
196M | . Upper cylinder lubricants |
This subclass has no definition. | |
196S | . Safety devices |
This subclass has no definition. | |
196V | . Sleeve valve lubrication |
This subclass has no definition. | |
196W | . Vertical shaft |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198R | ACCESSORIES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous accessory device designed for use with internal-combustion
engines not otherwise provided for in this classification.
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198A | . Decarbonizers and antiknocks |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198B | . Antitheft valves and locks |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198C | . Pumps |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198D | . Safety devices |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198DA | . Bearing wear, cylinder, oil drain, auto ignition |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198DB | . Fuel cut-off |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198DC | . Ignition cut-off control |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198E | . Covers, trays, vibrators, corrosion inhibitors, air filters |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198F | . Cylinder cut out |
This subclass has no definition. | |
198P | . Pressurizing - crankcase, clutch housing, transmission housing |
This subclass has no definition. | |
FOR000 | CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS |
This subclass has no definition. | |
This subclass has no definition. | |
FOR 100 | . Spark delaying: |
Apparatus having means for acting upon the electrical discharge device of the engine in such a manner as to postpone the ignition of the combustible charge while the operating member is engaged by a human operator. | |
FOR 101 | SPARK IGNITION TIMING CONTROL: |
Subject matter which adjust or control the timing of the ignition spark. "Timing" is defined as the point of piston travel or crankshaft rotation at which the igniting spark occurs. | |
FOR 102 | . Vacuum timing control: |
Subject matter in which the motor or other means controlling the timing uses a vacuum as its motive or actuating power source. | |
FOR 103 | .. Multiple diaphragms: |
Subject matter in which the vacuum actuated control means utilizes a plurality of diaphragms. | |
FOR 104 | .. Fluid delay in fluid path line from vacuum source: |
Subject matter in which the fluid path to the actuating motor or means contains a fluid delay means, e.g., restrictive orifice. | |
FOR 105 | .. Including sensor responsive to barometric pressure to alter vacuum level: |
Subject matter wherein means responsive to barometric or atmospheric pressure acts to vary the pressure or level of the actuating vacuum. | |
FOR 106 | .. Increasing vacuum retards the spark: |
Subject matter wherein the actuating means acts to retard the ignition spark timing upon an increasing vacuum signal. | |
FOR 107 | . Barometric pressure responsive controller: |
Subject matter wherein the ignition timing control means is responsive to barometric or atmospheric pressure. | |
FOR 108 | . By mechanical or hydraulic link to throttle valve or accelerator: |
Subject matter wherein the timing is controlled at least in part by mechanical or hydraulic linkage between the engine throttle valve or accelerator and an ignition timing control member. | |
FOR 109 | . Having engine shaft position sensor: |
Subject matter in which the timing control means has an engine shaft (crank, cam, etc.) position sensor that is significantly claimed. | |
FOR 110 | . Analog electronic control: |
Subject matter wherein the timing control utilizes some electrical or electronic means which functions in analog manner where the data used or calculations made are represented by analogous physical magnitudes or electrical signals. | |
FOR 111 | . Digital electronic control: |
Subject matter wherein the timing control utilizes a digital memory, digital counting operation, or other digital decision making circuit. | |
FOR 112 | .. Having microprocessor: |
Subject matter wherein the system employs a solid-state digital logic device that uses a prestored "program" (internal or external) to change or generate certain output signals in response to changes in the input signal(s). | |
FOR 113 | . Speed responsive: |
Subject matter wherein the ignition timing control responds to engine rpm. | |
FOR 114 | .. Responsive to instantaneous changes in engine speed (e.g., roughness): |
Subject matter in which the timing control is responsive to instantaneous changes in engine speed, which signal at least partial misfires in combustion. | |
FOR 115 | .. Centrifugal timing mechanism: |
Subject matter wherein the engine spark timing control responds to a speed signal generated by a centrifugal device. | |
FOR 116 | . Ambient or engine temperature responsive: |
Subject matter in which the means that controls the spark timing is responsive to ambient or engine temperature other than combustion temperature. | |
FOR 117 | . Acceleration responsive: |
Subject matter in which the spark timing control device includes means to sense a demand for increased power output from the engine. | |
FOR 118 | . Deceleration responsive: |
Subject matter in which the spark timing control device includes means to sense a decrease in the power output from the engine, i.e., the engine acts as a brake. | |
FOR 119 | . Starting or cold running condition responsive: |
Subject matter in which the means that controls the spark timing detects, and is responsive to, at least one engine or environmental parameter which indicates the engine"s condition during or before a starting attempt or during the engine warm-up period after starting. | |
FOR 120 | . Cylinder pressure or cylinder temperature responsive: |
Subject matter in which the spark timing control means includes an input from a cylinder combustion temperature or a cylinder combustion pressure sensor. | |
FOR 121 | . Feedback correction: |
Subject matter in which means is provided to measure the spark timing instituted by the output (desired timing) of the control means and compare this measured timing with the desired timing and, if necessary, correct the measured timing so that it equals the desired timing. | |
FOR 122 | . Timing control derived from ignition capacitor: |
Subject matter in which the timing control means includes a circuit that charges and discharges a capacitor. | |
FOR 123 | . Having circuit that alters response of an oscillatory engine shaft position sensing circuit: |
Subject matter in which the timing control means includes an oscillatory circuit responsive to the engine shaft position and further means to modify the position response of this circuit, to thereby adjust the ignition timing. | |
FOR 124 | . Exhaust gas used with the combustible mixture (e.g., emission control e.g.r. valve): |
Subject matter in which means is provided to return part or all of the products of combustion exhausted from the engine to the intake manifold or directly to the combustion chamber for subsequent reburning. | |
FOR 125 | .. Diesel engine: |
Subject matter wherein the engine involved in the recycling is a Diesel or compression ignition engine. | |
FOR 126 | .. Exhaust gas cooled before recirculation: |
Subject matter in which means is provided to cool the returned products of combustion before they are directed to the intake manifold or combustion chamber. | |
FOR 127 | .. Electrical control of e.g.r. valve (e.g., between exhaust gas and intake manifold): |
Subject matter having a valve means controlling the exhaust gas recirculation (E.G.R.) controlled or actuated electrically. | |
FOR 128 | ... Having controllable timing means: |
Subject matter in which means is provided to regulate or adjust the timing of the discharge of the capacitor relative to the angular position of the engine crankshaft. | |
DIG1 | INTERCHANGEABLE |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG2 | ACCUMULATED FUEL RETURN TO TANK OR ENGINE-INDUCTION SYSTEM |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG3 | MODEL |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG4 | STRATIFICATION |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG5 | CRANKCASE PRESSURE-OPERATED PUMPS |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG6 | DETACHABLE |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG7 | CONVERTIBLE |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG8 | MULTIPLE ENGINE UNITS |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG9 | FLAME IGNITION |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG10 | FLUIDIC AMPLIFIER FUEL CONTROL |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG11 | ANTIDIESELING (STOPPING) |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG12 | HYDROGEN |
This subclass has no definition. | |
DIG13 | GAS |
This subclass has no definition. | |