*****TBD*****

CLASS 119, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

200	AQUATIC ANIMAL CULTURING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to the propagation and care of one or more water living animals.

(1) Note. This subclass includes marine mammals, such as the whale, etc., which normally reside in water.

201	. Handling and transportation:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter including the preparation of and apparatus for sustaining one or more living aquatic animals during transfer, shipment, and temporary storage.

202	.. Including vehicle:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the apparatus for transport includes a vehicle such as a ship or truck which has a portion in which the animals are held while transported.

203	.. Fish transportation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the aquatic animals transported are fish (e.g., an animal of the super class Pisces).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 54.1+ for receptacle for use in fishing for holding catch, bait, etc.

204	. Crustacean culturing:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter relating to the care and propagation of lobster, shrimp, or other aquatic arthropods that have a chitinous or calcareous exoskeleton.

205	.. Mating, spawning, and hatching:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Subject matter including methods and apparatus relating to crustacean egg fertilization, incubation, and emergent larva cultivation.

206	... With separating means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter including means for removing one or more crustacea from a community thereof for further culturing or use thereof.

207	.. Habitat:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Subject matter including method or apparatus for housing and cultivating crustacea.

208	... Offshore:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Subject matter for particular use in a natural marine environment.

209	... Individual habitat:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Subject matter wherein there are provided separate compartments each sized to house a single crustacean.

210	.... With feeding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Subject matter including apparatus for providing a supply of food to each compartment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

for animal-feeding device and especially subclass 51.04 for a device for feeding an aquatic animal.

211	... Habitat with recirculation and filter means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Subject matter including means for housing and cultivating crustacea which means include a water containment structure which further includes means to cause recirculation of the contained water while removing contaminants therefrom as it passes through separating means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 167.21 through 167.27for liquid purification or separation means in a structural installation with a closed circulating system for an aquarium.

212	.. Feeding method:

This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Subject matter relating to a process for providing nutrients to crustacea.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,	for an animal-feeding device and especially subclass 51.04 for a device for feeding an aquatic animal.
230,	for a fish-feeding method.
242,	for a mollusk-feeding method.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

426,	Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products, subclass 2 for a method of feeding a live animal.

213	.. Separation or harvest:

This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Subject matter including apparatus for removing one or more crustacean from a community thereof for further use including collection for human food purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, particularly subclasses 4+ for hooking or gathering "fish" and 100+ for a trap used to catch "fish" (as defined "fish" includes crustacea).

214	.. Preserving or storing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Subject matter directed to maintaining crustacean life during a period it is kept under conditions for future use such as for consumption or sale.

(1) Note. The conditions under which the crustacean is kept may include deprivation of food or providing less space which affects oxygen requirements, for example.

215	. Fish culturing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter relating to the care and propagation of fish (e.g., an animal of the super class Pisces).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 300 for an animal marker.
43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, appropriate subclasses, especially subclass 4 for a fishing method and apparatus and subclasses 7+ for a net.
405,	Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclass 81 for fishway for passing obstruction in stream.
606,	Surgery, subclass 117 for means for applying an animal (i.e., fish) identification device (i.e., tag).

216	.. Live fish sorting or grading:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including apparatus for separating live fish according to size.

217	.. Spawning, hatching, and early development:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including method or apparatus relating to fish egg fertilization, incubation, and emergent fry culturing.

218	... Fish incubator or hatching tray:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Subject matter including apparatus by which fish eggs are hatched artificially under controlled environmental conditions.

219	.. Fish diverter or barrier:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including means to prevent or control the movement of fish past or through certain objects or locations.

220	... Electric type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Subject matter wherein electricity is used, for example, to produce pulses in water sensed by fish to control their movement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclass 17.1 for an apparatus for applying an electric current to fish or water to lure or drive them.
307,	Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclasses 106+ for an electrical pulse producing system.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclass 852 for an underwater electrical communication conductor.

221	.. Artificial reef or habitat:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including a device usually positioned on the sea bottom or in man-made bodies of water to facilitate fish-gathering and culturing thereon.

222	... With tire component:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter wherein at least a portion of the habitat is constructed from one or more discarded rubberlike vehicle supporting members.

223	.. Floating fish rearing assembly:

This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including means for buoyantly supporting within or on the water a habitat for housing and cultivating fish.

(1) Note. The assembly does not have to float at the water surface but may be all or partly submerged.

224	.. Tank array:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including a plurality of interconnected or cooperatively arranged water containment structures for housing fish.

225	... Sequential or stepwise tank array:

This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Subject matter wherein the tanks are connected such that water serially flows therethrough.

(1) Note. The water flow direction may have vertical or horizontal components.

226	.. Fish enclosure - recirculating type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including a water containment structure for sustaining fish and having means for removing a portion of the water and returning it to the containment structure after treatment to improve its life sustaining properties.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 167.21 through 167.27for liquid purification or separation means in a structural installation with a closed circulating system for an aquarium, subclass 170.02 for liquid purification or separation means for a fishpond, and subclass 416.2 for a filter with a cooperating pump adapted for use in an aquarium.
220,	Receptacles, subclasses 4.12+ for a sectional tank for fluid.

227	... With biological filter:

This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Subject matter wherein the recirculated water is treated by a passthrough apparatus in which living organisms are utilized for water treatment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

260,	for a biological-type aquarium filter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 601+ for water treatment by a living organism.

228	.. Fish enclosure - nonrecirculating type:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including a water containment structure for sustaining fish life and absent any removal and return of treated water into such structure.

229	... With heat exchanger:

This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Subject matter including apparatus to affect the temperature of the water contained in the fish enclosure by heat transfer means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

262,	for an aquarium with a heat exchanger.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

392,	Electric Resistance Heating Devices, subclass 441 , for a tank-type liquid heater, and subclass 458 for a heating device located outside the tank and in heat exchange relation to the liquid to be heated.

230	.. Feeding method:

This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter relating to a process for the nourishment of fish.

(1) Note. A method for food manufacturing (i.e., algae cultivating) is included herein if the food is available for nourishment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,	for an animal-feeding device, especially subclass 51.04 for a device for feeding an aquatic animal.
212,	for a crustacea-feeding method.
242,	for a mollusk-feeding method.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

426,	Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products, subclass 2 for a method of feeding a live animal.

231	.. Water treatment composition:

This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter comprising chemical treatment including additives or other means to affect the life sustaining properties of the fish containing aqueous medium.

(1) Note. Included herein are "artificial seawater compositions."

232	.. Cleaning-sweeper or mechanical agitator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including apparatus utilizing pressurized water circulation to aid in removing fish tank sediment or apparatus to mechanically cause suspension of such sediment to aid in its removal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

134,	Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate subclasses, especially subclass 22.18 for pressurized fluid or fluid manipulation, and subclass 24 for utilization of a nozzle when treating an interior surface.

233	.. Cover, light or ray affecting:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter including means to selectively intercept visible light and other radiation impinging upon the water surface of a fish pond or tank.

234	. Mollusk culturing:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter relating to the propagation and care of oyster, clam, or other aquatic animals with a soft unsegmented body enclosed in a calcareous shell.

235	.. Reclaiming oyster ground:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter related to the treating of tideland to remove infestation of starfish, burrowing shrimp, drills, and other vermin and to improve it for oyster cultivating.

236	.. Spawning, hatching, and larval development:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter relating to mollusk egg production and fertilization and the early culturing of the hatched organism.

237	... Spat collector (cultch):

	This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter wherein the larvae do not attach to objects (cultch) but are nonetheless successfully sustained and grown without them.

238	.. Offshore habitat:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter including method and apparatus for promoting the larvae, especially of the oyster, to "set" or attach itself to a surface suitable for further growing.

239	.. Flotation type:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter including method and apparatus for housing and cultivating mollusk in a natural marine environment.

240	... Multiple container assembly:

This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Subject matter wherein means are provided to supply positive buoyancy to at least a portion of the habitat.

(1) Note. The habitat does not have to float at the water surface but may be all or partly submerged.

241	... Cultchless cultivation:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Subject matter wherein the habitat comprises a plurality of cooperating individual containment structures.

242	.. Feeding method:

This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter relating to a process for the nourishment of mollusk.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,	for an animal-feeding device, especially subclass 51.04 for a device for feeding an aquatic animal.
212,	for a crustacea-feeding method.
230,	for a fish-feeding method.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

426,	Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products, subclass 2 for a method of feeding a live animal.

243	.. Purification:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter relating to the depuration of tainted mollusk.

244	.. Pearl production:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter relating to the utilization of the necre-secreting cells within a pearl-producing mollusk.

245	. Aquarium:

This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter relating to a water containing tank or vessel which ordinarily houses aquatic animals and which has one or more transparent portions so that the inhabitants thereof can be observed from the exterior.

(1) Note. This subclass includes aquarium equipment and accessories not elsewhere provided for.

(2) Note. In certain instances, the aquarium may be partially or fully emptied and used to house small land animals, for example.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 7+ for a fishing net.
137,	Fluid Handling, appropriate subclasses, and especially subclass 386 for a liquid level responsive or maintaining system.

246	.. Aquarium combination (e.g., aquarium-terrarium, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter wherein there is in cooperation with aquarium structure additional structure directed to the housing and display of other life, such as plant, insect, or land animal life.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

47,	Plant Husbandry, appropriate subclasses.

247	.. Combined:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Aquariums claimed in combination with subject matter not provided for in this class and which perform a function other than to perfect means that are provided for in the class, for example, aquariums combined with lamps or articles of furniture are proper for this subclass.

248	.. Multicompartment:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter wherein the aquarium consists of a tank or vessel which is divided by structural means into two or more separate spaces.

(1) Note. The tank may include both animal habitat spaces as well as other integral spaces for components such as a filter.

249	.. Supported water column:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter wherein atmospheric air pressure is utilized to support a portion of the aquarium water media above the ordinary atmospheric exposed water surface of an aquarium.

250	... For joining aquariums:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Subject matter wherein a water column provides a bridge between at least two separate aquariums.

251	.. Tank within tank:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including an enclosure for water which is adapted to be at least partially submerged in cooperative relationship inside another such enclosure such as a larger aquarium.

252	... Breeder type:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Subject matter including structure for allowing the escape of live babies from a fish giving birth in the innermost submerged tank.

253	.. Ornamental:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including aquarium apparatus and structure of the kind to embellish or adorn the basic visual attractiveness of the aquarium.

(1) Note. Ornamental features include, among others, aquarium shape, underwater decoration, toys, aesthetic use of a water or aeration device, and aesthetically improved fish viewing apparatus.

(2) Note. Certain structures which conceal aquarium life support elements may be considered as visually enhancing and are included herein.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses, especially subclasses 15+ for three dimension imitation or "treated" natural product.

254	... Air operated:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter including ornamental means which utilize pressurized gas to produce a visual effect such as a bubble driven ornament or device.

255	... Liquid display:

This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter including ornamental means which utilize water beyond that ordinarily contained in the aquarium to produce a visual effect such as a waterfall.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 406+ for a display device with gas or liquid movement.

256	... Submerged display:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein the ornamental structural feature is situated and viewed underwater while contained in the aquarium.

257	... Wall-type aquarium:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein the aquarium is structured to be mounted on or in a side or inner portion of a building or other such vertical structure.

258	... Employing mirror:

This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Subject matter wherein one or more reflective surfaces are utilized to enhance the visual appearance of the aquarium.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclasses 838+ for mirror structure.

259	.. Filter:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including means cooperating with the aquarium structure to cause recirculation of the contained water while removing contaminants therefrom as it passes through a media holding device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 167.21 through 167.27for liquid purification or separation means in a structural installation with a closed circulating system for an aquarium.

260	... Biological type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Subject matter wherein the filtering system contains organisms which process wastes to decontaminate the circulated water.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

227,	for a fish enclosure of the recirculating water type using a biological filter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 601+ for water treatment by a living organism.

261	... With aerator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Subject matter including means to provide oxygen enrichment to water in the aquarium.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

263,	for an aquarium aerator, per se.

262	.... And heat exchanger:

This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter including means to raise or lower the aquarium water temperature.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

229,	for a fish enclosure with a heat exchanger.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

219,	Electric Heating, subclass 523 for a heating device having a housing, casing, or support Insertable into material or space to be heated (e.g., immersion type, etc.).
392,	Electric Resistance Heating Devices, subclass 441 for a tank-type liquid heater and subclass 458 for a heating device located outside a tank in heat exchange relation to a liquid to be heated.

263	.. Aerator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including apparatus providing oxygen enrichment to water in the aquarium.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

261,	for an aquarium aerator and filter combination.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

204,	Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, especially subclasses 194+ for electrolytic water treatment apparatus.
205,	Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, especially subclasses 742+ for electrolytic treatment of water, sewage, or other waste water.
261,	Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, especially subclasses 122.1+ for a submerged screen through which a gas passes into liquid contained in a receptacle.

264	.. Aquarium cleaning (nonfilter type):

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including apparatus for removing contaminants from the aquarium environment without utilizing a water filter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate subclasses, especially subclasses 105+ for combined tools and subclasses 244.1+ for a sponge-type tool.

265	.. Cover:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including a device extending over an air exposed opening of an aquarium to exclude dust or prevent the escape of an inhabitant therefrom.

266	... With light:

This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Subject matter including an illumination device in connection with the cover.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

362,	Illumination, subclasses 217.01 through 217.17for an elongated source light unit or support.

267	.. Aquarium illumination:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including means cooperating with the aquarium structure to provide enhanced interior lighting thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

362,	Illumination, subclass 101 for a light source combined with a receptacle for holding a liquid.

268	.. Chemical treatment:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter wherein selective chemical substances are utilized to alter certain properties of the aquarium water and environment.

269	.. Aquarium structural elements and assembly:

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Subject matter including aquarium structure such as floor, wall, and sealing means necessary to permanently contain the water environment therein and apparatus or a method of associating such elements.

(1) Note. A patent is placed as an original in this subclass if it claims structural details of the containment structure (i.e., a mere nominal recitation of a floor or wall etc., is insufficient to place a patent here).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, appropriate subclasses, especially subclasses 4.12+ for a tank for fluid.

270	SILKWORM CULTURE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter related to the care and propagation of the "worm" and other forms of those moths whose larvae produce silk.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6.5,	for subject matter related to the propagation, care, or observation of an insect or an insect larva other than a silkworm.
6.7,	for subject matter related to the propagation or care of a worm, e.g., belonging to the phyla Annelida, Nematoda, etc.

6.5	ENTOMOLOGICAL CULTURE DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter employed in the propagation, care, or observation of an animal taxonomically classified in the class Insecta, i.e., an insect or an insect larva.

(1) Note. The propagation, care, or observation of a bee is excluded from this subclass. See the Search Class note below.

(2) Note. An insect observation center such as an "ant farm" is found in this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6,	for the propagation or care of a silkworm caterpillar.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

449,	Bee Culture, appropriate subclasses for subject matter related to the propagation, care, or observation of a bee.

6.6	. Egg treatment, production, or storage:

This subclass is indented under subclass 6.5. Subject matter including structure (1) for aiding in altering normal development of an externally deposited ovum, i.e., an egg, of an insect, (2) for enhancing laying of an insect egg, or (3) for holding or keeping an insect egg for a period of time, e.g., during transportation, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6.8,	for avian egg treatment or production structure.
50.7,	for structure used to place a distinguishing indication on an egg.

6.7	WORM CULTURE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter employed in the propagation or care of an invertebrate animal taxonomically classified in the phyla Annelida, Nematoda, Platyhelminthes, Acanthocephala, Nematomorpha, or Nemertea, i.e., a worm.

(1) Note. The larval stage of an insect is not considered to be a worm for this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6,	for the propagation or care of a silkworm caterpillar.
6.5,	for the propagation, care, or observation of an insect or an insect larva.

6.8	AVIAN EGG TREATMENT OR PRODUCTION:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of structure (1) for aiding in altering normal development of an externally deposited ovum, i.e., an egg, of a bird or (2) enhancing laying of a bird egg.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6.6,	for insect egg treatment, production, or storage structure.
45.2,	and 50.7, for a structure used to place a distinguishing indication on an egg.

14.01

MILKERS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Methods and apparatus peculiarly designed for extracting milk from cows by force exerting or manipulative devices, and including ancillary devices, not provided for in other classes, associated with a collateral to milk extracting apparatus.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 236.01 for teat cup cleaning implements having a hard blade-like or scraping edge.
55,	Gas Separation, appropriate subclasses, especially subclasses 434+ for deflection type separating means peculiarly adapted for separating a fluid from a mixture of gas and liquid as for example in a vacuum line.
73,	Measuring and Testing, subclasses 61.64+ for sediment type milk testers, and subclasses 863+ for devices for obtaining samples, usually either of absolute volume or of a predetermined ratio to the source from which the sample is taken.
73,	Measuring and Testing, subclass 34 for lactometers and visual inspecting means for detection of abnormal milk, e.g., strip cuts.
74,	Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 20+ for drives for mechanical milking machines.
92,	Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses for an expansible chamber device, and particularly subclasses 34+ for a bellows type expansible chamber device, and subclasses 89+ for a collapsible wall type expansible chamber device.
95,	Gas Separation: Processes, subclasses 241+ for degasification of liquid, per se.
96,	Gas Separation: Apparatus, subclasses 155+ for degasifying means for liquid, per se.
99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for apparatus relating to the production of dairy products.
134,	Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate subclasses, for such subject matter, and see the appropriate search class note in section I of the class definition of this class (119) for a statement of the line.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 103+ for vacuum type pulsators, per se, (see section I of the class definition of this class (119) for the line).
138,	Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclasses 37+ for flow restrictors and regulators including variable restrictors.
210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 416.1+ for a filter combined with a pump, gas pressure or suction source.
251,	Valves and Valve Actuation, subclasses 12+ for fluid actuated valves and subclasses 149+ for stall cocks and vacuum line connections.
426,	Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products, for process of treating milk.

14.02

. Methods of milking:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Methods of extracting milk from cows and/or of obtaining milk directly from the cow under controlled conditions.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for milk preservation and treatment, and see the appropriate search class notes in section I of the main class definition of this class (119) for a statement of the line.

14.03

. Milking station arrangements; e.g., parlors:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Structural arrangements, designed for sequential treatment of animals for purposes of conducting and facilitating milking, for milking or for milking in combination with other dairy operations, e.g., milk delivery, animal feeding, washing, exercising and the like.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.05+,	for milk releasers not involving milking parlor structure.
15+,	and 147+, for mere housing and confining or stanchion devices.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

439,	Electrical Connectors, subclasses 191+ for an electrical connector combined with a fluent material transmission line.

14.04

.. With traveling platform:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.03. Arrangements including a moving platform on which the animal is carried while being milked, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 29+ for a residual building construction of more general application having a defined means mounted for movement, particularly subclass 31 for a rotating or endless type conveyor.

14.05

. Releasers:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers having means to discharge milk from the milker apparatus during continuous milking while maintaining the milk conveying fluid pressure in the milker without interruption.

(1) Note. Trap valve milkers, subclasses 14.32+, operating on a pressure-vacuum cycle, discharging milk to atmosphere or to a receiver, are not considered as apparatus maintaining fluid pressure without interruption.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.32+,

see (1) Note above.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

137,	Fluid Handling, appropriate subclass for milk receivers and handling means of general utility.
222,	Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for trap type dispensers where the trap is permanently connected to a source of supply and where the supply does not depend upon a milking operation.

14.06

.. Alternating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Releasers having plural separate receivers which are alternately filled and which alternately discharge their contents to the atmosphere.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

141,	Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means, subclasses 35+ and 59 for filling receptacles under vacuum in a continuous milk delivery system where the receptacle is not a permanent part of the system, e.g., transport can.

14.07

.. With pulsator-controlled discharge:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Releasers having means to vary pressures in the releaser apparatus cyclicly to effect intermittent discharge of the milk.

14.08

. With automatic control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Apparatus claiming some character of automatic control.

(1) Note. By automatic control is meant the provision of means to sense a condition (for example, means to sense stoppage of milk flow) which means causes operation of a control device.

(2) Note. The above definition is intended to exclude valves, check valves, and safety valves directly operated by gravity, inertia or fluid, but includes float valves which inter-dependently perform sensing and control functions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.05+,	for cyclicly operated milk releasers including float valves.
14.44,	for fluid pressure regulators.

14.09

. With cooling means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Apparatus claimed in combination with means to cool the milk during its delivery from the cow to a milking machine receiver or upon delivery to the milking machine receiver.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.18,

for apparatus involving a combined milking and receptacle filling function.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

62,	Refrigeration, appropriate subclasses for refrigerating apparatus and see the search class note of section I of the main class definition of this class (119) for a statement of the line.
99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 213 for preservation of milk by treatment with chemical gases and subclass 455 for a cooling means used in combination with a dairy food treating means.
141,	Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means, subclass 82 for filling receptacles combined with cooling.
237,	Heating Systems, appropriate subclasses, for heat exchange apparatus and see the appropriate search class note in section I of this class definition of this class (119) for a statement of the line.

14.1	. With supporting means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers combined with means which carry the weight of the milking apparatus while the animal is milked; the means may be installed or portable.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.27+,

for pulsators, traps and pumps supported on a receiver or wall.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclasses 17.1+ for lap or leg supported pails and appropriate subclasses for milk cans.
248,	Supports, appropriate subclasses for supports for milking elements, pails and cans not limited by structure to use in milking operations.
297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 177+ for a milker stool having an adjustable pail support.

14.11

.. Vehicle:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.1. Milker Supports provided with means for conveyance.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

417,	Pumps, subclass 234 for pumps combined with means for conveyance.

14.12

.. Surcingle:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.1. Girth suspensory type apparatus which supports the milker from the back of the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 23 for girth or surcingle devices, per se, not restricted in utility to milking organizations.

14.13

.. With biasing means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.1. Supports with means in addition to the effect of gravity to exert a force on the milker to effect a pull on the teat cups.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.18,

for milkers combined with udder manipulative and teat cup biasing means.

14.14

. With signals, indicators, registers, and timers:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers having means for indicating a condition (or lack thereof) or performing a measuring function during the milking operation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

116,	Signals and Indicators, and see the appropriate search class note in section I of the class definition of this class (119) for a statement of the line.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 551+ for fluid handling apparatus including an indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means, and subclasses 624.11+ for a fluid distribution system including a programmer or timer.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 500+ for electrically operated alarms.

14.15

.. Flow indicating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.14. Devices which indicate a fluid flow condition or lack thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

116,	Signals and Indicators, subclass 117 for fluid flow indicators.

14.16

... Transparent inspection means and/or flow line section:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.15. Devices having flow sight inspection means variously located in the apparatus, through which the flow of milk can be observed.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

222,	Dispensing, subclasses 154+ for inspection devices for dispensers, especially subclass 159, for transparent flow line sections.

14.17

.. Quantity indicating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.14. Devices which indicate a quantitative condition in the milker.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

73,	Measuring and Testing, subclasses 290+ and 426+ for volume determining devices, and subclasses 194+ for volume or rate of flow meters.

14.18

. Combined:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers claimed in combination with features other than receiver, pump, teat cups or pulsator structure, and supports therefor, including nonuse supports, and not provided for above.

(1) Note. In this subclass for example, are combinations with traction applying or teat supporting devices, filling, udder stimulation as by electric current or massage, strippers, air or milker washing apparatus, and fluid-pressure stabilizer.

(2) Note. All preceding subclasses must be investigated for particular combinations within this definition and shown by the preceding subclass titles.

(3) Note. Milkers in name only combined with subject matter outside the class definition are classified with the class providing for such subject matter.

14.19

. Catheter:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers having a tubular device, dilator or conduit to be inserted in the teat canal whereby milk is drawn off.

14.2	.. With vacuum:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.19. Catheter milkers including vacuum means to assist in the withdrawal of milk.

14.21

.. Catheter, per se:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.19. Catheters claiming the tubular or conduit-like device, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

604,	Surgery, subclasses 93.01+ for catheters for introducing or removing medicat material in the animal body.

14.22

. With hand compression:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers in which the hand of the operator directly supplies force to the teat compressing means without intervening linkage, and in which the hand of the operator or the means contacted by the hand of the operator surrounds the cow"s teat.

14.23

.. Conduit and/or teat cover with receiver:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.22. Hand milkers having a hand supported and/or manipulated conduit and/or teat cover (e.g., shield or glove-like mitt) and having a receiver for the extracted milk.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclass 86.1 for pails with inlets modified to receive the milk while milking.

14.24

. With mechanical compression:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers in which the teats are compressed by mechanical squeeze mechanisms such as plates, cams, rollers and the like, or by fluid pressure means with mechanical intervention and having means for actuating such mechanisms.

(1) Note. The actuating means may consist of a drive shaft, hand lever or crank, foot crank, fluid or the like.

14.25

.. With milk conveying vacuum:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.24. Milkers, having vacuum means to convey the extracted milk to a receiver.

14.26

.. Fluid-operated:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.24. Milkers in which the squeeze mechanism is operated by pulsing fluid.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

60,	Power Plants, subclasses 533+ for devices effecting the pulsing of a confined body of fluid.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 103+ for a vacuum type pulsator, per se; subclasses 455+ for a line condition change responsive valve; subclass 624.14 for a self-cycling programmed or timed valve. See section I of the class definition of this class (119) for the line.

14.27

. With fluid compression:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers in which the teats are compressed by fluid pressure directly applied to the teats without mechanical intervention, and having means cyclicly controlling said fluid pressure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

60,	Power Plants, subclasses 533+ for devices effecting the pulsing of a confined body of fluid and see the appropriate search class note in section I of the main class definition of this class (119) for a statement of the line.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 103+ for a vacuum type pulsator, per se; subclasses 455+ for a line condition change responsive valve; subclass 624.14 for a self-cycling programmed or timed valve. See section I of the class definition of this class (119) for the line.
138,	Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclasses 37+ for flow regulators (pulsing timers) combined with pulsators in name only.
188,	Brakes, subclass 297 for fluid braking mechanisms, e.g., fluid dashpots, for pulsators.

14.28

.. With electromagnetic control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers, in which the fluid control means is electromagnetically operated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

251,	Valves and Valve Actuation, subclasses 129+ for electrical valve actuation.
361,	Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 139+ for electromagnetic make and break circuits for milkers.
439,	Electrical Connectors, subclasses 191+ for an electrical connector combined with a fluent material transmission line.

14.29

.. Plural pulsators operating in series:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers in which a primary or master pulsator establishes a pulsing fluid line which drives a secondary pulsator to cyclicly control fluid pressure on the teats.

(1) Note. Patents claiming a pulsing fluid line in combination with a secondary or driven pulsator are in this and indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

74,	Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses, for drives applicable to this subject matter, particularly subclasses 500.5+ for flexible cable transmitters.

14.3	... With continuous vacuum derived from pulsating line:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.29. Milkers having some means usually in the form of check valve which is operated by the pulsing fluid line to derive therefrom a source of continuous vacuum.

(1) Note. The continuous vacuum is generally maintained in a receiver and is applied to the milk channel of the teat cup.

14.31

.. With progressive collapse:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers including a sectionally collapsible teat compressor and having means to effect progressive or sectional collapse thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.24+,	for mechanical compression milkers having progressive collapse features.
14.52,	for sectionally collapsible teat compressor or cup, per se.

14.32

.. Valved trap chamber control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers having a cyclicly vacuumized chamber, including a milk port, a pressure port and a valved discharge port; the milk is drawn into the chamber on the vacuum cycle and discharged therefrom through the discharge port during the pressure cycle.

(1) Note. The milk conveying pressure fluid is cyclicly interrupted in contradistinction to the subject matter of subclass 14.05 above.

(2) Note. For a statement of the line between the subject matter of this subclass and Classes 60, 103 and 230, see the Search Class notes to these classes in section I of the main class (119) definitions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.05,	for milker releasers maintaining the milk conveying fluid pressure without interruption. See (1) Note.
14.42,	for trap type pumps into which the milk is drawn and from which it is discharged.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

417,	Pumps, appropriate subclasses, and particularly subclasses 118+ for liquid pumping by the supplying and exhausting of a gaseous motivating fluid.

14.33

... Vapor barrier means; e.g., baffle, filter:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.32. Milkers provided with means for preventing the egress of milk or milk vapor through the pressure port.

(1) Note. Usually baffles or filters, but arrangements for imparting a swirling motion to the milk either at the inlet or in the trap are included.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

96,	Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas separation, per se.

14.34

... Multiple chamber:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.32. Milkers having a plurality of valved trap chambers.

14.35

.... With common discharge valve:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.34. Milkers having a single valve means supported between a pair of chambers so as to alternately close the discharge port of one of the chambers while the other discharge port is opened.

14.36

.. With milk conduit air inlet; e.g., antisurge:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers having a milk conveying conduit provided with means to admit air behind the milk (e.g., at the claw or teat cup) so as to prevent surging or churning of the milk in its flow to a receiver, to relieve pressure on the teat, or to cause the cow to let down the milk more freely.

14.37

.. Pulsator combined with claw:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers having the fluid control means intimately associated with the teat-compressor coupling or claw.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.29+,

for pulsator combined with claw in series with a master or primary pulsator or with a pulsing fluid line.

14.38

.. Pulsator combined with teat cup:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers having the fluid control means intimately associated with the teat compressor.

14.39

.. Pulsator mounted on receiver:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers having the fluid pressure control associated with the cover of a receiver.

(1) Note. Compare with subclass 14.32 above. The fluid control means of this subclass 14.39 is distinguished from the trap chamber of subclass 14.32 by the fact that the control does not trap the milk and discharge it therefrom. The control in one position permits through vacuum and milk flow from the teat cup to the receiver and in an alternate position permits atmospheric air to relieve the pressure on the teat cup but does not disturb the vacuum in the receiver.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.32,	see (1) Note.
14.46,	for receiver structure modified to mount the pulsator.

14.4	... With continuous vacuum on milk channel:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.39. Milkers having the fluid pressure to the outer chamber of the teat compressor cyclicly controlled and having uninterrupted vacuum applied to the interior portion of the teat compressor immediately surrounding the teat.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.46,

for receiver structure modified to mount the pulsator.

14.41

.. Pulsator control with continuous vacuum on milk channel:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers having the fluid pressure to the outer chamber of the teat compressor cyclicly controlled and having uninterrupted vacuum applied to the interior portion of the teat compressor immediately surrounding the teat.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.39,

for combinations with two chambered teat cups where the vacuum on the interior portion of the teat compressor is cyclicly interrupted.

14.42

.. With pump between teat cups and receiver; e.g., milk pump:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Milkers in which the fluid control means is a pump, usually double acting; the milk is drawn into the pump on the vacuum stroke and expelled on the pressure stroke. Provision in the pump to completely relieve the vacuum on the teat is not required but may be included.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.32,	for trap chambers which have a milk port, a discharge port and a pressure port; the pressure port providing both pressure ingress and egress connections to a double acting air pump, and see the search notes to that subclass.
14.36,	for means associated with the claw or teat cup to relieve vacuum in the line behind the milk.

14.43

. With receiver between teat cups and pump; e.g., vacuum pump:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers including a receiver and an air exhausting means for said receiver. Milk is drawn from the cow to the receiver under constant vacuum without cyclic control or interruption.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

417,	Pumps, appropriate subclasses for vacuum pumps, per se.
418,	Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses for rotary expansible chamber type of vacuum pumps, per se.

14.44

. With fluid pressure regulator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Devices having means to regulate the degree and/or flow rate of pressure maintained in the milker.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.08,

for automatic vacuum cut-offs.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

251,	Valves and Valve Actuation, appropriate subclasses for valve actuation in general.

14.45

. With nonuse securing means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Milkers having some means for securing some part of the milking apparatus in some position other than the position in which it normally functions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.1+,

for means supporting the apparatus in position while the animal is being milked.

14.46

. Receiver:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Apparatus having milk receiver or receptacle structure, either claimed in combination with specific milking mechanism, or restricted in utility to milking organizations.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.39,

and 14.4, for pulsator-receiver combinations including the teat cups.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

73,	Measuring and Testing, subclasses 863+ for interposed testing sampler, per se, and subclasses 426+ for measuring vessels.
137,	Fluid Handling, appropriate subclasses for fluid handling apparatus in general including tanks, valves, filling and discharging means, etc.
141,	Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means, subclass 59 for filling with exhausting the receiver, and subclasses 331+ for funnels.
210,	Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 473+ for a receiver and filter combination.
220,	Receptacles, subclasses 200+ for receptacle closures, and appropriate subclasses for milk pails and cans.
222,	Dispensing, subclasses 566+ for milk pails having material pouring guide.
356,	Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 441 for lactometers.

14.47

. Teat compressor or cup:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Devices which are applied to or receive the teats of the cow for compression thereof during the milking operation. The structure of the device, per se, is here involved.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.22+,

14.24+ and 14.27+, for teat compressors in combination with means to operate and control them.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29,	Metal Working, subclass 235 for apparatus for applying teat cups to rings.

14.48

.. Adjustable:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.47. Teat cups which have means whereby the size of the cup may be changed to accommodate various teats, or which may be adjusted to compensate for liner slack or wear, or which have features which permit a liner to be used with various shells.

14.49

... With liner separable from shell:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.48. Teat cups of the conventional two chamber variety wherein the flexible liner or inflation may be separated from the shell or rigid casing.

14.5	.. Reciprocating:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.47. Teat cups having means whereby a reciprocatory action is imparted to the teat cup and/or the teat cup is so constructed as to permit one section thereof to reciprocate with respect to another section apart from mere inherent resilience of the device.

14.51

.. Connecting conduit:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.47. Teat cups distinguishable by a particularized fluid conveying tubular member or members connected to the shell and/or liner, integrally formed there with, or comprising coupling combinations there between.

14.52

.. Predetermined collapse:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.47. Teat cups having structural means whereby the nature and direction of contraction and/or flexure of the cup or liner is predetermined.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.31,

for sectionally collapsible teat cups in combination with means for their operation.

14.53

.. Plural fluid chambers:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.47. Teat cups having two separate and distinct fluid chambers for separately applying fluid pressures to the teats; one pressure being applied directly to the teat channel and the other exteriorly thereof.

14.54

. Claw:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.01. Devices involving the structure of the coupling, manifold, or claw means which connects the teat cups with the pressure and/or milk lines.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

285,	Pipe Joints or Couplings, appropriate subclasses for general utility pipe joints and couplings not identified as a claw or manifold for milking machines, especially subclasses 240+ for a nonmetal-to-metal coupling comprising a flexible tip pipe.

14.55

.. Fluid control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14.54. Claws provided with means whereby the flow of fluid through the device may be controlled.

(1) Note. Control is merely on or off, not cyclical for milking.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.08,	for automatic fluid control means combined with claw structure.
14.37,	for pulsator combined with claw structure.

300	METHOD OF INCUBATION OR BROODING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process disclosing poultry incubation or brooding, including moisture supply, ventilation and temperature regulation to provide optimum conditions inside the chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

302+,	for apparatus for a brooder.
311+,	for apparatus for incubation.

301	DUAL PURPOSE BROODER:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices capable of (1) performing the functions of a brooder and incubator simultaneously, the combination involving a separate chamber for each function, both warmed from the same source of heat, (2) converting from an incubator to a brooder or visa versa, or (3) performing another function not related to animal husbandry, such as seedling propagation, concurrent with its brooding or incubating function.

(1) Note. The brooder is distinguishable from the incubator in that the brooder provides a hover or canopy for the chicks protection, while the incubator is merely designed to receive the newly hatched chicks pending their removal to the brooder.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

302+,	for apparatus for a brooder.
311+,	for apparatus for incubation.

302	BROODER:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including a small, warmed chick housing chamber, provided with a hover, hover chamber, or canopy to perform the function of a mother fowl in providing shelter and warmth to the chicks.

(1) Note. For original classification of a patent in this and indented subclasses, there must be claimed some structure, in addition to a heating or ventilation system, which particularizes the device for the confinement or protection of the chicks. Merely calling a device a brooder is insufficient disclosure for placement in this subclass. Examples of particularizing structures are attraction lights, dropping boards, and spacers, or other antismothering devices.

(2) Note. The hover structure is a component within the brooder chamber constructed of a flexible material, usually feathers. The hover is designed to lie in close proximity to the chicks, so that in brushing against their backs, it provides not only warmth but a sense of security.

(3) Note. A hover chamber is a smaller compartment containing a hover structure as defined above which is enclosed within and distinct from the brooder chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

301,	for a brooder combined with an incubator.
437+,	for housing structure lacking a hover, hover chamber, or canopy structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclasses 2+ and 6 for an environmental regulation device for an incubator or brooder.
237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ and 14+ for a heating system for use in a brooder or incubator.

303	. Warmed by water (i.e., radiator or boiler):

This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Brooder with a fuel consuming heating system consisting of a series of coils or pipes through which a fluid medium (e.g., hot water or steam) circulates to warm the chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

304+,	for a brooder warmed by air.
308+,	for a brooder warmed by an electrical component.
310,	for a brooder warmed by a fireless means.
312+,	for a water warmed incubator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 4 and 15 for a heating system for use in a brooder or incubator.

304	. Warmed by directed air:

This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Brooder provided with a fuel consuming heating system which warms the incoming air and directs it, by means of conduits, fans, etc., throughout the brooder chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

303,	for a brooder warmed by water.
308+,	for a brooder warmed by an electrical component.
310,	for a brooder warmed by a fireless means.
315+,	for a air warmed incubator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 58+ for air heating system.
237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3 and 14+ for a heating system for use in a brooder or an incubator.

305	.. Having a central heater:

This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Brooder having a primary heating system located in the center of the chick chamber to warm the surrounding air.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

315+,

for an air warmed incubator with a central heating source.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3 and 14 for a heating system for use in a brooder or an incubator.

306	... With environmental control means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Brooder including a sensing means, such as a thermostat, which is responsive to environmental changes within the brooder and in detecting a change will make adjustments to maintain optimum conditions within the chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

314,	317 and 319, for an environmental control device used in an incubator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ , and 14+ for a heating system for use in a brooder or an incubator.

307	... With canopy to distribute warmth:

This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Brooder including shielding structure within the chamber, generally constructed of rigid material and attached to the ceiling, which is intended to lie in close proximity to the chicks and whose primary functions include even distribution of heat over the chicks and prevention of drafts.

(1) Note. While the canopy is intended to lie in close proximity to the chicks, it should not brush against their backs as a hover does.

308	. Warmed by electrical component:

This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Brooder which uses heat generated by an electricity conducting device, such as a heating coil, to warm the chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

318+,

for an incubator heated by an electrical component.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

219,	Electric Heating, subclasses 385+ for a heating device combined with a container, enclosure, or support for material to be heated.
338,	Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for electrical resistors, per se.

309	.. Incandescent lamp:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Brooder wherein the heat generated is from a filament enclosed in a sealed transparent envelope.

310	. Warmed by fireless heater:

This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Brooders so constructed that the temperature is maintained in the brood chamber by (1) conserving warmth from a previous heating or (2) by utilizing the heat resulting from organic fermentation or any other heating process not due to the combustion of fuel.

(1) Note. If the patent provides no specific manner of heating, or only insulating material combined with a canopy or hover, it should be placed in subclass 302.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

437+,

for housing structure lacking a hover, hover chamber, or canopy structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 601+ , 605, 672+, and 122 for heat insulating plastic or coating compositions.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 273.5 and 375 for casings showing heat insulation.
217,	Wooden Receptacles, for casings showing heat insulation.
220,	Receptacles, subclasses 560.12+ , 592.01+, and 903, for casings showing heat insulation.
252,	Compositions, subclass 62 for other heat insulating compositions.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet, and especially subclasses 304.4+ for a composite product in which at least one component is either porous or cellular (generally useful for insulation); and cross-reference art collection 920 for a similar product having heat insulating features.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, subclasses 80+ for heat insulating ceramic compositions.

311	INCUBATOR:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter specifically designed to hatch fowls from eggs.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

302+,	for housing structure not specifically designed to hatch fowls from eggs and having a hover, hover chamber, or canopy structure.
437+,	for housing structure not specially designed to hatch fowls from eggs and lacking a hover, hover chamber, or canopy structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 113 and 508 for combined heaters and air moisteners, subclass 293 for manually operated combined dampers and ventilators.
236,	Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, for ventilation of heaters of general application, and for ventilators indivisibly related to temperature regulation and which are employed to perform the double function of regulating the temperature of the egg chamber and the amount of fresh air admitted thereto, and for thermostatic devices for regulating temperature.
261,	Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, for the general art of air moistening.
454,	Ventilation, for the generic art of ventilation.

312	. Warmed by water:

This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Brooder with a fuel consuming heating system consisting of a series of coils or pipes through which a fluid medium (e.g., hot water or steam) circulates to warm the chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

303,	for a brooder warmed by water.
315+,	for an incubator warmed by air.
318+,	for an incubator warmed by an electrical component.
320+,	for an incubator warmed by fireless means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 4 and 14+ for a heating system for use in a brooder or incubator.

313	.. Having a lateral heater:

This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Brooder having a primary heating system located to one side of the egg chamber to warm the surrounding air.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ and subclasses 14+ for a heating system for use in a brooder or an incubator.

314	... With environmental control means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Incubator including a sensing means, such as a thermostat, which is responsive to environmental changes within the brooder and in detecting a change will make adjustments to maintain optimum conditions within the chamber

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

306,	for a brooder with an environmental regulation means.
317,	for a warm air-heated incubator with an environmental regulation means.
319,	for an electrically heated incubator with an environmental control means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ and subclass 15 for a heating system, a brooder, or an incubator.

315	. Warmed by directed air:

This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Brooder provided with a fuel consuming heating system which warms the incoming air and directs it, by means of conduits, fans, etc., throughout the brooder chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

304+,	for a brooder warmed by directed air.
312+,	for an incubator warmed by water.
318+,	for an incubator warmed by an electrical component.
320+,	for an incubator warmed by a fireless means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 58+ for air heating system.
237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ and subclasses 14+ for a heating system for use in a brooder or an incubator.

316	.. Having a lateral heater:

This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Brooder having a primary heating system located to one side of the egg chamber to warm the surrounding air.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ and subclasses 14+ for a heating system for use in a brooder or an incubator.

317	... With environmental control means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Incubator including a sensing means, such as a thermostat, which is responsive to environmental changes within the brooder and in detecting a change will make adjustments to maintain optimum conditions within the chamber

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

306,	for a brooder with an environmental control.
314,	for a warm water heated incubator with an environmental control.
319,	for an electrically heated incubator with an environmental control.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ and subclasses 14+ for automatic controls for heating systems in a brooder or incubator.

318	. Warmed by electrical component:

This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Incubator which uses heat generated by an electricity conducting device, such as a heating coil, to warm the chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

308+,

for a brooder heated by an electrical component.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

219,	Electric Heating, subclasses 385+ for a heating device combined with a container, enclosure, or support for material to be heated.
338,	Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for electrical resistors, per se.

319	.. With environmental control means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Incubator including a sensing means, such as a thermostat, which is responsive to environmental changes within the brooder and in detecting a change will make adjustments to maintain optimum conditions within the chamber

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

306,	for a brooder with an environmental control.
314,	for a warm water heated incubator with an environmental control.
319,	for an electrically heated incubator with an environmental control.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

237,	Heating Systems, subclasses 3+ and 14+ for automatic controls for heating systems in brooders or incubators.

320	. Warmed by fireless heater:

This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Brooders so constructed that the temperature is maintained in the brood chamber by (1) conserving warmth from a previous heating or (2) utilizing the heat resulting from organic fermentation or any other heating process not due to the combustion of fuel.

(1) Note. If the patent provides no specific manner of heating or only insulating material, it should be placed in subclass 311.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 601+ , 605, 672+, and 122 for heat insulating plastic or coating compositions.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 273.5 and 375 for casings showing heat insulation.
217,	Wooden Receptacles, for casings showing heat insulation.
220,	Receptacles, subclasses 560.12+ , 592.01+, and 903, for casings showing heat insulation.
252,	Compositions, subclass 62 for other heat insulating compositions.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet, and especially subclasses 304.4+ for a composite product in which at least one component is either porous or cellular (generally useful for insulation); and cross-reference art collection 920 for a similar product having heat insulating features.
501,	Compositions: Ceramic, subclasses 80+ for heat insulating ceramic compositions.

321	.. Having egg contacting means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Incubators having a device to convey heat to the eggs by physical contact with a warm body other than air.

322	. Egg tray:

This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Incubator egg trays designed to be used for supporting eggs in an incubator during the period of incubation and turning them for the purpose of presenting a fresh supply of egg food to the growing chick.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

209,	Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclasses 510+ for egg testers combined with assorting means.
356,	Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 61 for egg trays used to support eggs in a candling operation.

323	.. Having an egg turner:

This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Egg trays designed to turn the eggs during the period of incubation to present a fresh supply of nutrients to the growing embryo.

(1) Note. Excluded from this subclass are egg trays supported entirely by a handling system which merely transports an egg or group of eggs to or from the incubator rather than turning them for the purpose of supplying nutrients to the chick.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

99,	Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 242 for egg preserving apparatus combined with egg turners and egg turners, per se, used in preserving eggs.

324	... With rotary carrier:

This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Incubator including an egg turner having a carrier or cup which turns about a single axis at least 180 degrees.

(1) Note. A rotating carrier generally consists of, but is not limited to, either a flat disc with egg cups rotating about its central axis or a cylindrical cage designed to turn about its longitudinal axis.

325	... With tilting carrier:

This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Incubator including an egg turner having a carrier designed to oscillate, thus imparting a rocking motion to the tray.

(1) Note. Those egg turners having carriers which rotate through an angle equal to or greater than 180 degrees should be placed in subclass 324.

326	.... Attached to longitudinally moving support:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Incubator including an egg turner having a carrier whose oscillating movement is achieved through a connection between the carrier and a linearly moving support.

327	... With endless belt or roller carrier:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Incubator including an egg turner consisting of a plurality of rolls or endless belts designed to revolve thereby turning the egg.

328	. Attachment:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Incubator including miscellaneous devices not provided for elsewhere, which are designed to improve the overall performance of the incubator, but are not necessary for its normal course of operations.

329	BIRD NEST OR APPLIANCE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of (1) a small structure shaped to serve as a place in which a single fowl may lay an egg (i.e., a nest) or (2) a device used therewith.

(1) Note. Included herein are devices (intended to be used in conjunction with the bird nest) which perform a particular function for care of the nest fowl or egg and are not provided for elsewhere (i.e. timers, egg protectors, and sitting inhibitors).

(2) Note. Included herein are devices consisting of loose particulate or fibrous material, either manmade or natural, intended to be used as a nesting material for the fowl.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

437+,

for poultry housing designed to hold a substantial number of bird nests or fowls.

330	. Egg and fowl trap:

This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Nest designed to either (1) trap both the egg and the fowl or (2) be readily convertible from an egg trap to a fowl trap and visa versa.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

334+,	for a trap which only captures an egg.
339+,	for a trap which only captures a fowl.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 58+ for traps of general application and details applicable to this art.

331	.. Having fowl actuated releasing means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Egg and fowl trap including means whereby the fowl may release itself from the trap regardless of whether it lays an egg or not.

332	.. Having egg actuated releasing means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Egg and fowl trap whereby the laid egg activates a door releasing means.

333	... With fowl segregating means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Egg and fowl trap including means to insure that the laying fowls are released into an area separate from the nonlaying fowls.

334	. Egg trap:

This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Nest having a device to convey the egg from the nest or to a separate container out of reach of the fowl

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

330+,	for a trap which captures an egg and a fowl.
339+,	for a trap which only captures a fowl.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 58+ for traps of general application and details applicable to this art.

335	.. Having an inclining nest bottom:

This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Egg trap including a nest bottom that forms an angle with the adjacent wall of the trap, sloping downward so that an egg may roll from the nest area.

(1) Note. Included herein is a nest bottom with a biasing means attached so that when the fowl leaves the nest it pivots, causing the egg to roll from the area.

(2) Note. This subclass does not provide for a nest disclosing no visible distinction between the wall and the bottom of the nest, such as oval nests, having an aperture yet sloping downward at some angle to direct the egg into the hole.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

334,	for nests without a visible distinction between the walls and the bottom, such as oval nests having an aperture and sloping downward at some angle.

336	... Intended for use with plural nests:

This subclass is indented under subclass 335. A nest having an egg trap specifically intended to be used with other nests to form a battery of nests to receive a plurality of fowl.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

437+,

for bird housing not claiming any means of egg or fowl trapping, yet designed to hold a comparatively large number of mature fowls, and which provides no significant disclosure as to the individual nests contained within the building.

337	.... Which removes eggs via endless conveyor:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Nest having an egg trap whereby an egg rolls from the inclined nest bottom and onto a conveyor belt.

338	..... And providing additional care:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Nest having an egg trap wherein additional care is administered to either the fowl or the egg (i.e., feeding, cleaning, or watering).

339	. Fowl trap:

This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Nest having a device which once actuated entraps the fowl and excludes others fowls from entering the nest during the period of occupancy.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

330+,	for a trap which captures an egg and a fowl.
334+,	for a trap which only captures an egg.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 58+ for traps of general application and details applicable to this art.

340	.. Having attendant operated released means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Nest having a fowl trap with a device to prevent the escape of the fowl until released by an attendant.

341	... With movable floor or nest:

This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Nest having a fowl trap including a door closing means actuated by the fowls weight as it steps onto a nest, treadle, or platform.

(1) Note. A patent disclosing either a vertically moving nest or an oscillating nest, platform, or treadle would be included herein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

342,	for a fowl trap with a movable floor or nest.

342	.. Having movable floor or nest:

This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Nest having a fowl trap including a door closing means actuated by the fowls weight as it steps onto a nest, treadle, or platform.

(1) Note. A patent disclosing either a vertically moving nest or an oscillating nest, platform, or treadle would be included herein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

341,	for an attendant operated fowl trap with a movable floor or nest.

343	... With pivotable nest:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 342. A nest having a fowl trap wherein the nest is mounted within the trap so that the weight of the fowl stepping onto the nest causes the nest to tilt so that a door, structurally linked to the nest, closes and entraps the fowl.

344	.... And distinct entry and exit:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 343. A nest having a fowl trap wherein the door through which the fowl enters is separate from the door through which the fowl exits.

345	. Production recording appliance:

This subclass is indented under subclass 329. A nest appliance to (1) place a distinctive marking on an egg or fowl, (2) place an identifying marker such as a ring on the fowl, or (3) create a listing reflecting some feature of egg generation.

(1) Note. A feature of egg generation may include such characteristics as the quantity or grade of the egg laid.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6.8,	for subject matter relating to avian egg treatment or enhancing production thereof.

346	. Support, framework, or collapsible nest:

This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Bird nest or appliance including therein significant disclosure from the structural framework designed to hold any loose or compacted material either fibrous or particulate which will serve as the fowl"s nest or nests having bases and sides designed to be easily assembled and disassembled to facilitate the cleaning or transportation of the nest.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

431+,

for a collapsible fowl housing device.

347	. Specific nest bottom:

This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the structure of the nest upon which the fowl rests.

(1) Note. This subclass does not include a patent for a nest wherein the sides are continuous with the nest bottom and no distinct bottom can be discerned (e.g., semispherical in shape).

(2) Note. This subclass provides for nest bottom structure which is more than simple fibers or particulate matter.

(3) Note. The disclosed nest bottom generally serves some specific purpose such as cushioning the egg, providing comfort to the fowl, facilitating cleaning, or disinfecting the nest.

348	. Artificially medicated egg:

This subclass is indented under subclass 329. An imitation egg constructed of materials containing a medicament, such as an insecticide or a disinfectant, or so constructed that it may be charged with a volatile medicament.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, for a medicinal or biocidal composition (e.g., disinfectant or insecticide) particularly 405+.

400	RAILROAD CAR OR OTHER LIVESTOCK LONG DISTANCE CARRYING VEHICLE, (E.G., TRUCK, ETC.):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to freight or stock cars or other animal shipping conveyances structurally adapted for lengthy transporting and caring for animals.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

201+,

for handling and transporting of aquatic animals.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 355+ and appropriate subclasses for general freight car structure.

401	. Poultry transporter:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter having a vehicle interior with means included to accommodate a number of domestic fowl.

402	.. Having trough:

This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Subject matter including an elongated and accessible receptacle which is utilized for providing feed or water to the transported poultry.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

for feeding device, particularly subclasses 52.1+, 57, 58, and 61.1 for trough related devices.

403	. With safeguard (e.g., interior buffers, slings, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter for preventing injury to an animal.

(1) Note. Injury may be prevented due to swaying or jerking of the vehicle as well as those due to long periods of standing.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

725+,	for body sling means of general application.
728,	for animal suspending means.

404	. Having vestibule:

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Having subject matter including a protected passageway to connect contiguous vehicles.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 8.1+ for vestibule structure of general application.

405	. Convertible:

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter capable of being altered from a selectively open vehicle (i.e., open side slats) to a closed vehicle.

(1) Note. The vehicle is closed most often for protection against the weather.

406	. Having raised deck:

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter including at least one intermediate floor or platform to better utilize vehicle space for smaller stock or the like.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 340 for a car with a double deck specifically adapted to carry human passengers.

407	.. Movable or adjustable into place:

This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Subject matter wherein the deck is held in a ready or stored position and is then advanced to its working position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 370+ for a convertible deck freight car of various recited structure.

408	. Having feeding or watering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter including means for supplying nourishment or drinking liquid to a transported animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses for feeding device, per se, and subclasses 72+ for watering device of general application.

409	.. Trough:

This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter comprising an elongated accessible receptacle for supplying the nourishment or drinking water to a transported animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

for feeding device, particularly subclasses 52.1+, 57, 58, and 61.1 for trough related devices.

410	... Pivoted into place:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 409. Subject matter wherein the trough is swung about an axis into its operative position.

411	... Having raising and lowering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 409. Subject matter including means for moving the trough substantially vertically.

(1) Note. The trough is usually moved to the roof of the vehicle for storage and then returned to its operative lowered position.

412	. Having partition means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter comprising means which subdivide the stock car into stalls or penlike compartments useful for separating animals during transportation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

516+,

for stall means, particularly subclass 523 for stall sidewall partition.

413	.. Flexible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Subject matter wherein the partition has the capability to bend or yield and recover as required.

414	.. Having raising and lowering means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Subject matter including means for moving the partition substantially vertically, usually to the roof of the car, and then to return it to its lowered position.

415	.. With dynamic support (e.g., rail, slide, roller, rod, etc.):

	This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Subject matter including means such as rail, slide, roller, and rod devices to support a partition for mechanical movement into and out of operative position.

416	CONFINING OR HOUSING:

	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including a structure which is utilized to restrict an animal to a desired and protected area for facilitating its care for both short and long term management.

417	. For experimental purposes:

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter wherein confining or housing structure is adapted to allow for scientifically monitoring or studying the behavior or biology of a confined animal.

(1) Note. Requirements of contamination control of the environment, including water and air purity provided to the confined animal, have been taken as an indication of an experimental purpose hereunder.

418	.. With biologically isolating ventilation means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Subject matter wherein the air or breathing matter supplied to the confined animal is such as to prevent contamination from the surroundings.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

600,	Surgery, subclasses 21+ for isolation treatment chamber.

419	... Utilizing air filtration device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter wherein the ventilation means employs a device through which air or breathing matter passes and is treated to remove biological contaminants.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

55,	Gas Separation, for appropriate filter related subclasses such as 315+, 341.1+, and 361+.

420	.. With gaseous medium treatment (e.g., inhalation chamber, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Subject matter wherein the confined animal is caused to breath fluid or vapor constituents.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

128,	Surgery, subclasses 200.24+ , appropriate subclasses for respiratory method or device.

421	.. Having animal activity monitoring means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Subject matter including apparatus for sensing or measuring the physical position or locomotor activity of the confined animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 573.1+ for human or animal condition responsive indicating system.

422	. Course:

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter including a confining device for controlling an animal on a defined pathway (e.g., on a racetrack, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

472,	Amusement Devices, subclass 85 for racetrack in general.

423	.. With racetrack starting means(e.g., gate, etc.):

	This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter including means confining an animal, usually a horse or dog on a racing course such that it may be released simultaneously with others at a given starting moment.

424	... Dog starting box:

This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter including an enclosure for retaining one or more dogs prior to a race and for simultaneously releasing such dogs at the start thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

472,	Amusement Devices, subclass 87 for dog type racetrack.

425	... In motion starting gate:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter wherein the starting means is caused to travel on the track towards a starting point whereupon it is actuated to start the race.

426	... Starting gate release means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter including electrically or mechanically operable removable barrier means for starting a race.

427	. Holding and releasing means for sporting animal (e.g., bird, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter wherein an animal, such as a pigeon, is held in a trap and discharged therefrom.

(1) Note. In this subclass, a bird or pigeon may be released for various purposes such as target shooting, bird dog training, and bird racing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

273,	Amusement Devices: Games, subclasses 108+ for a game target for a surface projectile game and subclasses 317+ for a game target for an aerial projectile game.
473,	Games Using Tangible Projectile, for a game target for a game which uses a tangible projectile (such as a target used for the games of baseball, basketball, football, golf, croquet, hockey, soccer, lacrosse, etc.).

428	. Birdhouse

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter wherein the structure comprises a small enclosure having an opening to admit and shelter a small bird.

(1) Note. The house usually includes means allowing for engagement to a tree or some elevated support.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 60+ for traps for animals in general.

429	.. Combined shelter and feeder:

This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter wherein the birdhouse includes means for providing access to nourishment as well as housing.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses, for a feeding device, especially subclasses 52.2 and 57.8 for those having a perch.

430	.. Converted container:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter wherein the birdhouse is reconstructed from a receptacle used originally for another purpose.

431	.. Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter wherein the birdhouse is of such structure in its assembled state that it may be folded or disassembled therefrom.

432	.. Having easy cleaning structure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter whereby the birdhouse has an assembly which facilitates the removal of extraneous matter such as bird waste and used nesting material.

433	.. Main body portion composition:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 428. Subject matter wherein the principal structural element of the birdhouse is of a specified material or substance.

434	... Metallic:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter wherein the main body material is a metal.

435	... Plastic:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Subject matter wherein the main body material is of a synthetic formed material known generally as plastic.

436	. Permanent building (e.g., barn, stable, hog house, poultry house, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter directed to an onsite, enclosed, and roofed structure for housing a substantial number of animals.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), appropriate subclasses for a building or building component having structural or functional characteristics that may relate to animal confinement or care.

437	.. Poultry house:

This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter having structure and apparatus particularly suited for sheltering domestic fowl.

(1) Note. Included herein is poultry house equipment and furnishings not elsewhere provided for.

438	... Revolving:

This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter wherein the housing structure is caused to move in a curved path around a center or axis.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 64 and 65 for rotatable building or component feature in general.

439	... Having conveyor type floor in direct contact with poultry (i.e., individual bird rests on floor):

This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter including a movably driven support surface upon which poultry is transferred.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power Driven, appropriate subclasses for suitable devices useful for the above defined animal related purpose.

440	... With egg transfer device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter including means for conveying within the poultry house a hard-shelled reproductive body.

441	... Compartmented:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter wherein structure is provided to divide a larger space within the poultry house into smaller housing spaces.

442	... With droppings handling:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 437. Subject matter including means for collecting, treating, or otherwise dealing with the poultry bodily waste matter.

443	.... Having combined roost and droppings board:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Subject matter which comprises both a fowl support or rest and a device which receives or collects poultry bodily waste.

444	.. Hog house:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter having structure and apparatus particularly suited for sheltering domestic swine.

445	... Farrowing house or shed:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Subject matter including structure and apparatus particularly suitable for the birthing, nursing, and caring for the young piglets by the sow mother.

446	.... With guard rail for piglets:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter including a barrier whereby the body of a reclining sow is supported in a manner to prevent crushing of a piglet beneath her.

447	... With building sanitary device or system:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Subject matter including structure and apparatus used for the disposal of the bodily hog waste.

448	.. With heating or forced air ventilation:

This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter including structure and apparatus for raising the environmental temperature or providing a driven circulation of air within the building.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 198+ for roof or cover over usable space including a fluid guiding port.
454,	Ventilation, appropriate subclasses for a ventilating structure with air directing or controlling feature.

449	.. Building with feeding related means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter including means related to the provision of animal nourishment especially feed storage and dispensing apparatus.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.1+,

for a powered feeding device.

450	.. Building floor having waste collecting gutter or draining means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter wherein the ground or animal supporting surface of the building is provided with a channel or other flow gathering means for animal sewerage.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power Driven, appropriate subclasses directed to the various apparatus wherein the load-engaging and conveying part is in the form of a bucket.

451	... With mechanical scraper or conveyor:

This subclass is indented under subclass 450. Subject matter including apparatus for utilizing a driven blade, belt, or similar device to gather sewage from the gutter or draining means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 236.01 for scraper, and subclass 236.04 for gutter scraper.

452	. Animal display or open work enclosure (i.e., cage):

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter including a confinement structure for securely housing an animal with at least a portion thereof being transparent or having reticulated (see through) portions of wire or barred material.

(1) Note. Included hereunder are the molded plastic transparent structures commonly used for rodents both in the home and laboratory.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

417+,

for experimental housing structure including cages of various types.

453	.. Transporting cage:

This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the cage includes structure which facilitates its mobility or use thereof for shipment of a confined animal.

(1) Note. The cage may be transported on a mobile carrier or used with a manual carrier handle, for example.

454	... With feeding or watering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 453. Subject matter including means for providing nourishment or drinking liquid to an animal being transported.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses for feeding device, per se, and subclasses 7+ for watering device of general application.

455	.. Battery of cages:

This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter including a plurality of interrelated individual cages.

(1) Note. The cages are usually in various stacked arrangements.

456	... With feeding or watering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 455. Subject matter including means for providing nourishment or drinking liquid to a battery cage confined animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses for feeding device, per se, and subclasses 72+ for watering device of general application.

457	.... Automatic or powered:

This subclass is indented under subclass 456. Subject matter including a feeding or watering device that is self-regulating or motively driven.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.1+,

for a powered feeding device.

458	... With sanitary or cleaning means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 455. Subject matter including structure and apparatus used for the gathering and disposal of animal and other waste from the cage battery.

459	.. Bird cage:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the cage is structured to facilitate the care for and display of any of a class (Aves) of warm-blooded and feathered winged vertebrates.

460	... With bath structure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including means provided in combination with the cage for a bird to utilize a liquid medium for cleaning purposes.

461	... Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the cage is structured in a manner that allows a transformation between a fully assembled state and a disassembled state which includes folding into a reduced size or more compact structure.

462	... Having removable tray or drawer:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including a shallow lipped element that may be withdrawn from a collecting position within the cage.

463	... Having separable cage bottom:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including a lower end closing element of the cage which may be entirely removed providing cage access.

464	... With feeding or watering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including means for providing nourishment or drinking liquid to a confined bird.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses for feeding device, per se, and subclasses 72+ for watering device of general application.

465	.... Including jaw-type holder:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Subject matter wherein the feeding means grasps the food between two members biased toward one another.

466	.... Bone holder:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Subject matter including means for supporting in a position accessible to a bird, a bill and claw maintenance means referred to as a cuttlebone.

467	... With attachment device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter including means connected with the basic cage structure and cooperating therewith to enhance its ability to confine, protect, and care for a bird within.

468	.... Perch for cage:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 467. Subject matter including a roost for a bird provided in connection with the cage.

469	.... Shield or guard:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 467. Subject matter including a barrier usually connected in a manner to prevent scattering of feed or other matter outside the confines of the cage or a feed device.

470	.... Cover:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 467. Subject matter including a device which is positioned to enclose or screen the cage for isolation or protective purposes.

471	.... Disposable floor mat:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 467. Subject matter including a cover for the bottom surface of the cage which is meant for removal after a period of use.

472	.. Sectional cage:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the larger enclosed cage space is structurally divided into a plurality of smaller enclosures.

473	.. Having movable wall:

This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the cage includes at least one enclosure barrier having means imparting motion thereto.

(1) Note. The barrier is not intended as a door, for example, but rather is a major confining element such as a cage side.

474	.. Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the cage is structured in a manner that allows a transformation between a fully assembled state and a disassembled state which includes folding into a reduced size or more compact structure.

475	.. With feeding or watering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter including means for providing nourishment or drinking liquid to any animal confined in such a cage.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses for feeding device, per se, and subclasses 72+ for watering device of general application.

476	... Automatic or powered:

This subclass is indented under subclass 475. Subject matter including a feeding or watering device that is self-regulating or motively driven.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.1+,

for a powered feeding device.

477	... Having attaching means to cage wire or bar:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 475. Subject matter including apparatus which serves to mount or connect a feeding or watering device in operable animal serving position by engagement with the openwork of the cage.

478	... Having size adjustable access:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 475. Subject matter wherein the feeding or watering means include structure which selectively controls the ability of an animal to enter and partake of the food or water according to its physical dimensions.

479	.. Having animal water handling:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter including means for collecting, treating, or otherwise dealing with the excrement from a cage confined animal.

480	.. Cage floor:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter including structure and apparatus related to the animal supporting bottom of the enclosure.

481	.. Cage door:

This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the enclosure includes a usually swinging or sliding barrier by which an entry is opened or closed.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

49,	Movable or Removable Closures, appropriate subclasses for cage door such as subclasses 404+ for sliding type and subclasses 381+ for swinging door mounting.

482	. Often portable, small capacity, roofed housing structure (e.g., coop, hutch, kennel, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter including an oftentimes movable covered enclosure for providing a protective dwelling for a limited number of animals.

(1) Note. Many but not all of the structures hereunder have a portability feature such as a handle for a carrier or runners for dragging a small coop.

483	.. Rabbit hutch:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter particularly suited for housing any of a family (Leporidae) of long-eared, short-tailed lagomorph mammals with long hind legs.

484	.. Human dwelling pet enclosure addition (e.g., window kennel) or pet exit/entrance means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter including either (1) an animal enclosure associated with a personal domicile or (2) a hatch-type entry or departure means structure to provide animal passage to such a domicile.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

211,	Supports: Racks, subclasses 87.01+ for specially mounted wall or window rack.

485	.. With housing elevation means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter wherein the structure utilizes selectively operable elevation means to lift the structure above the ground.

(1) Note. Such means provides ground hazard avoidance.

486	.. Below ground housing:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter wherein at least a portion of the enclosure is located beneath the ordinary level of the earthen surface.

487	.. Poultry enclosure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter particularly suited to shelter domestic fowl.

488	... Rail supported movable poultry house:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter including a poultry housing structure which may travel on a barlike structural member or support.

489	... Transporting type:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the enclosure includes structure which facilitates the use thereof for shipment of confined fowl.

490	.... For chicks:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter especially facilitating the shipment of newborn fowl.

491	... Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the enclosure is structured in a manner that allows a transformation between a fully assembled or erect state and at least a partially disassembled or reduced state.

492	.... Having hinged structure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Subject matter wherein one or more of the enclosure elements is connected to allow movement, such as folding from the assembled state, about a pivoted attachment to provide the enclosure collapsibility feature.

493	... With ventilation means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter including structure and apparatus providing a circulation of air which may or may not be power driven.

(1) Note. A door or opening alone is not considered ventilation means hereunder without some further control over the air circulation (e.g., slidable roof, etc.).

494	... With enclosure door:

This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Subject matter wherein the enclosure includes a usually swinging or sliding barrier by which an entry is opened or closed.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

49,	Movable or Removable Closures, appropriate subclasses for enclosure door such as subclasses 404+ for sliding type and subclasses 381+ for swinging door mounting.

495	.... Poultry self-operating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter wherein the door may be opened or closed as a result of actuation by one or more domestic fowl.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

49,	Movable or Removable Closures, subclasses 236+ for mechanical means imparting movement to the door and means to effect its operation by weight or impact.

496	.. Transporting type:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter wherein the enclosure includes structure which facilitates the use thereof for shipment or conveying of one or more animals confined therein.

497	... Hand or body-type carrier:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 496. Subject matter wherein the enclosure is of a size and weight to be ordinarily transported by a person either with the use of manually gripped handles or by torso wrapped strap means.

498	.. Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter wherein the enclosure is structured in a manner that allows a transformation between a fully assembled or erect state and at least a partially disassembled or reduced state.

499	... Having hinged structure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 498. Subject matter wherein one or more of the enclosure elements is connected to allow movement, such as folding from the assembled state, about a pivoted attachment to provide the enclosure collapsibility feature.

500	.. With ventilation means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter including structure and apparatus providing a circulation of air which may or may not be power driven.

(1) Note. A door or opening alone is not considered ventilation means hereunder without some further control over the air circulation (e.g., slide able roof, etc.).

501	.. Enclosure door:

This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter wherein the enclosure includes a usually swinging or sliding barrier by which an entry is opened or closed.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

49,	Movable or Removable Closures, appropriate subclasses for enclosure door, such as subclasses 404+ for sliding type and subclasses 381+ for swinging door mounting.

502	. Pen or rack:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter including roofless or uncovered means to enclose or confine one or more animals and to protect against intrusion.

503	.. Hog farrowing pen:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter including structure and apparatus particularly suitable for the birthing, nursing, and caring for piglets by the sow mother.

504	... Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Subject matter wherein the pen is structured in a manner that allows a transformation between a fully assembled or erect state and at least a partially disassembled or reduced state.

505	... With automatic farrowing device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Subject matter including a self-regulating means utilized in the farrowing function.

(1) Note. Included hereunder is a device to diminish the speed or acceleration at which the sow lays down to allow escape of the piglets from under her (i.e., damped sow letdown).

506	... Adjustable enclosure element for piglet escape passage:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Subject matter comprising a positionable confining member which allows evasion by the piglets when in danger of crushing by the reclining sow.

507	... Sow size adjustable pen:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Subject matter wherein the pen may be made to accommodate various growth dimensions of mother hogs.

508	... Having heating means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Subject matter including apparatus for raising the ambient temperature within the pen.

509	... Pen floor:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Subject matter including structure and apparatus related to the bottom animal supporting portion of the pen.

510	.. With crowd gate:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter including a sweeping means to herd animals from a pen-type holding area.

511	.. Platform scale rack:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter including an animal rack used to confine one or more animals on a raised structure for weighing purposes.

512	.. Portable:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter including a pen or rack mounted upon apparatus such as wheels or skids to provide movement capability.

513	.. Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter wherein the pen or rack is structured in a manner that allows a transformation between a fully assembled or erect state and at least a partially disassembled or reduced state.

514	... Having hinged structure:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Subject matter wherein one or more of the pen or rack elements is connected to allow movement such as folding from the assembled state, about a pivoted attachment to provide the collapsibility feature.

515	.. With feeding or watering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter including means for providing nourishment or drinking liquid to a pen or rack-confined animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses for feeding device, per se, and subclasses 72+ for watering device of general application.

516	. Stall:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter relating to one or more open compartments and serving as a means for segregating livestock, such as cattle, in a barn or the like, for protecting them from injury or locating them for feeding purposes.

517	.. With back contacting cattle excreta device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter including apparatus having an element for sensing through touch the humping of cattle prior to excreting and to respond by directing the excreta in a sanitary manner.

518	.. With electrical system or device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter including means operated by electrical power for use in such functions as training and restraining in conjunction with an animal stall.

519	.. Portable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter wherein the stall is structured so that it may be expeditiously moved between sites.

(1) Note. In some instances the stall hereunder is of the knockdown or collapsible type.

520	.. Milking facilitating stall:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter including structure and apparatus for expediting usage and preventing interference with milking, especially by machine, of a stall-confined cow.

521	.. With feeding or watering device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter including means for providing nourishment or drinking liquid to the stall-confined animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,

appropriate subclasses for feeding device, per se, and subclasses 72+ or watering device of general application.

522	.. Adjustable (e.g., stall size, etc.):

	This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter wherein one or more stall elements may be repositioned to accommodate an animal with regard to its proportions such as the length thereof.

523	.. Stall side wall partition:

This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter including the one or more elements that comprise the lateral confining barrier of a stall.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

412,	for livestock carrying vehicle partition means.

524	.. Gate or door:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter including a movable barrier controlling the entrance or exit of the stall.

525	.. Floor:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Subject matter directed to structure and apparatus related to the bottom animal supporting portion of a stall.

526	... Mat-type covering or stall floor bedding:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter wherein the stall floor is provided with a formed material overlayer or a material suitable for cushioning the floor for sleeping or resting thereupon.

527	... Drain-type floor with waste collection means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter including a floor having animal excrement funnelling means combined with means for accumulation thereof (e.g., trough or gutter etc.).

528	... Floor including under support therefor:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter including a floor structure having structural bearing means.

529	... Slotted surface flooring (e.g., separate slats, etc.) including connector or spacer means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter comprising spaced flooring elements with means for joining such with predetermined distance therebetween for draining or cleaning, etc.

530	... Floor, per se, having drain openings or passages (e.g., one-piece floor having openings formed therein, etc.):

	This subclass is indented under subclass 525. Subject matter including a floor that is either initially formed or has formed therein surface interruptions or channels for flowable animal waste to pass through.

531	. Poultry perch:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter usually adapted to a poultry house or coop and including a rest for a roosting domestic fowl.

532	.. Antivermin (e.g., trap, etc.):

	This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter including structure and apparatus to prevent insect infestation of fowl using such a perch.

533	... Perch support includes insecticide barrier:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 532. Subject matter wherein means upholding the perch includes a vermin killing or repelling means.

534	... Fumes utilization:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 532. Subject matter including means for using insecticide to produce an insect killing vapor to penetrate and protect roosting poultry.

535	... Wick device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 532. Subject matter wherein material means are provided to draw insecticide from a source and transfer it to the site of a poultry roost for protective use.

536	... Wetting device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 532. Subject matter including means for causing insecticide in the form of a liquid to saturate the poultry roost.

537	. Portable or nonconfined bird perch:

This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter including a freely movable support or rest for a roosting bird.

(1) Note. Examples of such a perch include a human, shoulder-carried support device or a movable parrot roost.

50.7	EGG MARKING DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of a structure for placing a distinguishing indication on an externally deposited ovum, i.e., an egg, of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

45.2,

for a nesting appliance used to mark a bird egg.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

606,	Surgery, for means for marking an animal.

28.5	BED OR REST:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of structure upon which the animal may recline or be supported when inactive.

(1) Note. A bed or rest does not cover, completely enclose, or confine an animal although it may have sidewalls.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

19,	for a portable animal housing, carrying container, or animal enclosing bag.
171+,	for absorbent material, per se, used to absorb moisture from a waste product and which may additionally be used as bedding material.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, appropriate subclasses, for a bed intended to receive a reclining human body.

51.01

FEEDING DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of structure used to supply an animal with nourishment, i.e., a feeding device.

(1) Note. While a device utilizing feed in a flowable form is found hereunder, a device using liquid feed with a viscosity similar to water is found elsewhere in this class.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.5,	for a feeding device combined with a watering device.
72+,	for a device used for providing water, or liquid feed, e.g., buttermilk, etc., with a viscosity similar to water, to an animal.

51.02

. Having electronic identification and feed control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure includes electrical circuitry which incorporates a solid-state device or vacuum tube and is used to recognize the animal and regulate the amount of nourishment it is supplied.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

840+,

for apparatus for sorting animals based upon some feature of the animal.

51.03

. Solid or lick feeder:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure presents a firm piece of food substance for the animal to consume by eating a portion thereof or lapping with its tongue.

(1) Note. The food substance, which may include salt blocks, suet, vegetables, etc., may be either movably or nonmovably supported.

51.04

. For aquatic animal; e.g., a fish, etc.:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure presents a food substance to an animal which lives in the water, e.g., an animal of the super class Pisces, etc.

(1) Note. This subclass includes a device which may dispense feed above or below the surface of the water which may be in a time release form which dissolves in water to release food.

51.11

. Timer-controlled:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Feeding devices in which the time at which an element of the feeding device is actuated, or the length of time of a feeding operation, is controlled by a timer.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

222,	Dispensing, subclass 650 for timer controlled dispensing of plant, or animal food, per se.

51.12

.. Trough access:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Feeding devices in which access, by an animal, to a feeding trough is controlled.

51.13

.. Sequential discharge from plural sources:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Feeding devices in which discharge of feed from plural sources is sequentially controlled.

51.14

.. Trip requiring reset:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.11. Feeding devices in which a part of the feeder is biased in one direction, a latch holds the part against the bias and a trip for shifting the latch to releasing position is controlled, the part requiring relatching before the operation may be repeated.

51.15

... Released by clock alarm mechanism:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.14. Feeding devices in which the trip includes the alarm mechanism of an alarm clock.

51.5	. With watering devices:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Combined devices for supplying animals with both food and water.

(1) Note. For watering devices, per se, search this class, subclass 72, and indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,

Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 540+ for a conveyor system comprising a gravity discharge material holder feeding to a power-driven conveyor section; subclass 616 for a supply bin having a power-driven conveyor section for withdrawing material therefrom; and subclasses 657+ for a power-driven conveyor section of the screw type, especially 671 thereunder for means for feeding to and discharging from the screw conveyor (e.g., gates, apertures, etc., in the housing thereof).

70	. Poultry exercising:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Devices constructed to supply feed to poultry in a manner to promote exercise.

71	. Suckling appliances:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Devices having one or more nipples and a corresponding number of tubes leading to a source of liquid-food supply, designed to be employed in conveying liquid nourishment to the young of mammals. These devices may be of comparatively large capacity, such as pails, tanks, or casks, and the suckling appliances suitable for young calves, colts, pigs, etc.

52.1	. Hopper and trough:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure consists of a receptacle used as a primary depository for the nourishment, i.e., a hopper, which outlets to a long, narrow, generally shallow, nourishment receiving receptacle, i.e., a trough, from which an animal may eat.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

74+,	for a watering device having a supply fountain used to provide water, or liquid feed with a viscosity similar to water, to a trough.

52.2	.. Having a perch:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure includes specific structure for supporting the entire weight of the animal as it eats.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.8,	for similar structure used in an arrangement other than a hopper and trough type.
72+,	and subclass 77 in particular, for a device used to provide water or liquid feed, e.g., sugar water, etc., with a viscosity similar to water, to an animal, e.g. a hummingbird feeder, etc.

52.3	... And feature for excluding undesirable animal:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.2. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure further includes structure for preventing an unwanted animal from obtaining nourishment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.9,

for similar structure used in an arrangement other than a hopper and trough type.

52.4	.. Having selective feature:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure includes structure which permits only animals of a desired size to eat or which controls the spacing or number of animals along the trough.

(1) Note. Braces or partitions provided primarily for structural strengthening or shaping purposes are not included in this subclass.

53	.. Adjustable supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Devices comprising in addition to the combined hopper and trough a means for regulating the amount of feed passing from the hopper to the trough, said means consisting usually of a manually adjustable valve or other device performing the function of a flow regulator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

222,	Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for other devices which regulate the flow of grain or ground feed from a hopper.

53.5	... Animal-controlled:

This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Combined hoppers and troughs provided with means for causing or controlling the flow of feed from hopper to trough, operated by pressure from the feeding animal, generally applied through the animal"s nose or forehead.

(1) Note. For other animal-controlled feeding or watering devices, see this class, subclasses 54, 55, 62, 75, and 76.

54	.. Animal-controlled supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Combined hoppers and troughs provided with means for causing or controlling the flow of feed from hopper to trough operated by pressure from the feeding animal, generally applied through the animal"s nose or forehead.

(1) Note. Search this class, subclass 53.5 and 75.

55	... Platform:

This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Combined hoppers and troughs having means whereby the weight of the feeding stock may control the flow of feed from hopper to trough or the uncovering of the trough, the essential feature lying in the fact that the stock seeking food controls access to it or the rate of its flow, or both, by stepping upon a platform or treadle.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

76,

56.1	.. Charge delivering:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure transfers a specific quantity of nourishment from the hopper into the trough or elsewhere.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.11,

for a timer controlled feeding device.

56.2	... Including horizontal transport device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 56.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure has a mechanism for transferring the nourishment along a path parallel to the horizon, i.e., horizontally.

(1) Note. A feeding device in which a horizontal auger, etc., functions solely as a discharge assistant for promoting the smooth flow of feed to an underlying trough or which includes a series of reciprocating paddles, etc., for moving feed back and forth over hopper discharge apertures, e.g., a sweep shuttle, etc., are not proper for this subclass absent any other horizontal transport structure for transferring a charge.

57	.. Movable trough-controlled supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. The supply of feed from hopper to trough is controlled by a device operatively connected to the trough, which upon receiving a charge of feed moves said device to shut off the source of supply.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

81,

57.1	.. Powered:

This subclass is indented under subclass 52.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure uses motorized structure for moving the nourishment or some component of the nourishment supplying structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.92,

for a powered feeding structure used in an arrangement other than a hopper and trough type.

57.2	... Conveyor in a linear trough:

This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment moving motorized structure is used for moving the nourishment inside a straight portion of the trough.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.7,

for a endless belt or screw conveyor hopper attachment used to dispense food above a stationary trough.

57.3	.... Feed recirculated to hopper:

This subclass is indented under subclass 57.2. Subject matter wherein the nourishment is returned to the hopper for reuse after passage through the trough.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.2,

for arrangements whereby feed is simply recirculated about an endless circuit without final deposition into a supply hopper.

57.4	... Utilizing discrete troughs:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure uses spaced apart troughs to provide separate animal eating places.

57.5	... Feed dispensing hopper portion or attachment moves relative to stationary underlying trough:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.1. Subject matter wherein the nourishment moving motorized structure repositions a nourishment dispersing portion of the hopper, or apparatus connected to the hopper, to serve various locations above a static trough.

57.6	.... Entire hopper moved:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 57.5. Subject matter wherein the nourishment moving motorized structure repositions the complete hopper to various locations along the static trough.

57.7	.... Endless belt or screw conveyor hopper attachment:

This subclass is indented under subclass 57.5. Subject matter wherein the apparatus connected to the hopper is a (1) band-like structure movable continuously along a path defined by its longitudinal axis and providing an uninterrupted surface for carrying the nourishment, or (2) helical auger formation which is rotated about its longitudinal axis to move the nourishment.

(1) Note. While the nourishment carrying surface of the endless belt itself is uninterrupted, the inclusion of a sweep member or other mechanism which pushes feed from the belt surface to an underlying trough would be proper for this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.2+,

for a conveyor found in a linear trough for moving the feed.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, particularly subclasses 657+ for a screw conveyor, per se, and subclasses 804+ for an endless conveyor, per se.

57.8	. Having a perch:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure includes specific structure for supporting the entire weight of the animal as it eats.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

52.2,	for similar structure used in a hopper and trough arrangement.
72+,	and subclass 77 in particular, for a device used to provide water or liquid feed, e.g., sugar water, etc., with a viscosity similar to water, to an animal, e.g., a hummingbird feeder, etc.

57.9	.. And feature for excluding undesirable animal:

This subclass is indented under subclass 57.8. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure further includes structure for preventing an unwanted animal from obtaining nourishment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

52.3,

for similar structure used in a hopper and trough arrangement.

57.91

. Having feed scatterer:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure includes apparatus for strewing the nourishment over an extended area, e.g., on the ground.

57.92

. Powered:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Subject matter wherein the nourishment supplying structure uses motorized structure for moving the nourishment or some component of the nourishment supplying structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

57.1+,

for a powered feeding structure used in a hopper and trough arrangement.

58	. Racks and troughs:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Combinations of a rack for hay or coarse fodder and a trough for receiving and holding concentrated feed or for supporting the fodder in the rack or receiving it when dislodged from the rack.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10,	52, and indented subclasses, and 60, for details.

59	.. Animal excluding:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Combined racks and troughs having means to permit the exclusion of stock from the feed trough or rack, both or either, at the option of the attendant.

60	. Racks:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Apparatus for holding the various fodder and bulky food, specially designed to prevent the wasting of said foods and characterized by the presence of open slat-work, grids, or parallel bars, for supporting or inclosing and preventing waste of fodder.

61.1	. Trough, bunk, or manger:

This subclass is indented under 51.01. Subject matter for miscellaneous feeding devices consisting of open receptacles specially designed to receive and hold feed accessible to animals. Trough guards and similar devices designed to prevent the fouling and wasting of feed are also included in this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

72,	for analogous devices, and subclass 65 and indented subclasses for easily portable feed troughs, pails, and boxes performing the function of the conventional "nose bag".
900	through 903, for trough accessories.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, appropriate subclassfor metal troughs of general application.
248,	Supports, subclass 362 for vacuum hold down.

62	.. Animal-opened:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Troughs normally closed, but adapted to be automatically opened by animals approaching them for the purpose of feeding.

63	.. Animal-excluding:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Troughs provided with means for excluding stock therefrom at the option of the attendant for the purpose of permitting him to place food in said trough without interference, of cleaning the same, or of limiting the quantity of food consumed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

61.1,

for troughs having a mere guard for preventing the fouling of food or for preventing the monopoly thereof by the stronger members of the feeding stock and which are not elsewhere placed.

61.2	.. With handling, conveying, or dispensing means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Subject matter including devices for moving feed to or within the receptacle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 300 through 320for conveying apparatus entirely supported by mobile ground engaging means. Subclasses 506 through 522 for conveyor having means specialized for collecting a load from a static support (e.g., the ground, etc.).
221,	Article Dispensing, subclass 174 for supply feed means to dispensing hopper.
414,	Material or Article Handling, subclasses 266 through 286for plural static structures for supporting discrete loads and charging or discharging means therefore.

61.3	.. Covering, guard, or closure e.g., to minimize roosting:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Subject matter including structure designed to fit over the top of the receptacle, usually to allow animal access to feed but decrease the occurrence of the animal sitting on the receptacle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclass 200 for receptacle closure.

61.31

... Expandable feed opening(s):

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.3. Subject matter includes allowing the nourishment access in the structure on the receptacle to open wider.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclass 253 for closure members having alignable openings.

61.4	.. Designed to be tipped to empty:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Subject matter comprising structure to allow the receptacle to be turned upside down in order to remove the feed.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclass 694 for container attachment or adjunct.

61.5	. Dish or bowl type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.1. Subject matter comprising a concave plate-like holder or a concave hemispherical container.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclasses 574 through 575for table dish (e.g., plate, bowl, platter, etc.).

61.51

.. Rodent type:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 61.5. Subject matter that includes the holder or container for a small gnawing mammal, e.g., mouse, squirrel, and rat.

61.52

.. With heating or cooling means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.5. Subject matter including means for devices for raising or lowering the temperature of the holder or container contents.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclass 574.2 for dish with means for receiving a heat exchange medium (e.g., hot water, ice). Subclasses 592.01 through 592.28 for receptacle having means to facilitate maintaining contents above or below ambient temperature (e.g., compartment for holding a heat exchange medium).

61.53

.. With insect guard:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.5. Subject matter including structure to keep small, segmented invertebrate animals, usually ants, out of the holder or container.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), for appropriate subclasses.

61.54

.. Anti-tip or spill:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.5. Subject matter including structure to prevent the holder or container from overturning or accidentally flowing so as to be wasted.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclass 719 for drinking device with internal anti-splash or anti-spill device.

61.55

... Having a top with a designed opening:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.54. Subject matter including a cover with an aperture made to minimize overturning or accidental flow.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclasses 711 through 715for drinking device with removable closure having specific drinking means.

61.56

.. With handling or transporting means, e.g., handle, straps, folding, travel type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 61.5. Subject matter including devices for picking up, carrying, or moving the holder or container.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

220,	Receptacles, subclass 649 for externally attached sidewall reinforcing element circumferential band or belt handling ring or collar. Subclass 915.1 for hand carried container for transporting a beverage or prepared food (e.g., lunch box, dinner pail, picnic cooler).

61.57

.. With structure for attaching to a vertical support, e.g., wall, stand:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 61.5. Subject matter including a device fixed to hold or to steady the holder of the container against gravity.

64	. Anticribbing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Devices to be applied to the manger or trough to discourage, prevent, or cure the habit of seizing, sucking, or biting the manger or trough.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

823+,

and indented subclasses for devices applied to the head of the animal to prevent cribbing.

65	. Feed bags:

This subclass is indented under subclass 51.01. Miscellaneous bags, nose bags, pails, boxes, etc., specially designed to be employed in feeding animals and adapted to be placed easily in position and removed therefrom for transportation or storage, the invention lying primarily in the structure of the receptacle. Inventions residing in the apparatus employed in supporting the feed-bag in operative position are classified in one of the subclasses hereunder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

150,	Purses, Wallets, and Protective Covers, subclasses 154+ for a flaccid protective cover which is configured for and supported by the article it protects.
242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 371+ for spring wound reel.
267,	Spring Devices, subclass 69 , and indented subclasses for elastic supports of general utility.

66	.. Halter-supported:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Feed-bags adapted to be supported from the head of the feeding animal by means of straps, halters, bridles, or other devices capable of holding said receptacles in operative position wherein the claimed invention includes the structure of the supporting means.

67	.. Harness-supported:

This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Feed-bags provided with means for supporting them from the harness of an animal or some specially constructed devices secured to the animal about the base of the neck or body, or both, and designed so to support the receptacle as to allow free movement of the head of the animal with references to said receptacle, the invention residing in the means of support rather than in the construction of the feed-bag.

68	.. Pole-supported:

This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Feed-bags provided with means for supporting them from the pole or thills of a vehicle, the invention residing in the supporting means rather than in the receptacle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 95+ for bag supports.

69	.. Standard-supported:

This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Feed-bags to be supported by a standard adapted to rest upon the ground.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 95+ for bag supports.

69.5	BIRDBATH:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of a water holding or spraying structure for use by an animal taxonomically classified in the class Aves, i.e., a bird, to splash water on itself.

(1) Note. The bird may additionally use the birdbath for a drinking purpose.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

72+,	for an animal watering device.

72	WATERING OR LIQUID FEED DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Inventions not otherwise classifiable especially designed for supplying animals with drink. This subclass and the indented subclasses also include those devices designed for supplying liquid-food, such as buttermilk, etc., as well as structures equally adapted to use as a feeding or watering device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51.01+,	for a feeding device used to supply nourishment to an animal wherein the nourishment, if in a flowable form, has viscosity characteristics significantly different from water.
51.5,	for a feeding device combined with a watering device.
69.5,	for a birdbath.

72.5	. Drop-delivering:

This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Watering devices in which the water is delivered in drop form.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

222,	Dispensing, subclasses 420+ for drop forming dispensers and see the notes thereto.

73	. Temperature-controlling:

This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Water holding devices for supplying stock involving a trough or the combination of a barometric fountain or other means of constant supply and a trough with means to prevent the freezing of the water or to regulate the temperature for other purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

106,	Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclasses 601+ , 605, 672+, and 122 for compositions useful for insulating purposes.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 374.1 for an open-top liquid heating vessel that may include a lid and a condition responsive feature.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 334+ for tanks and other fluid handling devices with means for heating as for preventing freezing and subclass 375 for tanks and other fluid handling provided with insulating jackets.
217,	Wooden Receptacles, and 220, Receptacles, particulrly subclasses 560.12+ , 592.01+, and 903, for apparatus and methods relating to heat insulation.
252,	Compositions, subclass 62 for heat insulating compositions.
392,	Electric Resistance Heating Devices, subclasses 441 through 464for a tank- or container-type liquid heater.
428,	Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet which may possess structure or be of such a composition as to inherently influence the loss or gain of heat; see particularly subclasses 304.4+ , 426+, 457+, and 920+ (a cross-reference art collection).

74	. Fountains and troughs:

This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Devices not otherwise classifiable specially designed to serve water to domestic animals, involving a trough and source of supply therefor.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

52,	for analogous structures designed to hold feed and usually involving those modifications incident upon the serving of solids instead of liquids.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 192+ for bin or hopper type building constructions with a material port.
126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 380.1 for an open-top liquid heating vessel that may include a lid having a supply of liquid to the vessel.
220,	Receptacles, for metallic tanks and troughs of general application.

75	.. Animal-controlled supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Animal-watering fountains and troughs comprising a source of supply, a valve or pump controlling said supply, and means operatively connected to said valve or pump and operable by pressure exercised by the animal, generally by the nose of forehead for regulating or causing the supply to the trough.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

53.5,

and 54, for details.

76	... Platform:

This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Stock-watering fountains and troughs comprising a source of supply and a means for controlling the source of supply adapted to be operated by the weight of the animal seeking water, generally applied by stepping upon a platform or treadle.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

51,	and appropriate subclasses indented under subclass 51 for details.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

417,	Pumps, appropriate subclasses for pumps details. Animal treadle operated pumps, not in combination with a receiving trough for the pumped fluid, are classified in Class 417.

77	.. Barometric:

This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Stock-watering fountains and troughs comprising a barometric fountain so related to the trough as to afford a constant supply of water to said trough at a fixed level.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

73,

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 374.1 for an open-top liquid heating vessel that may include a lid and a condition responsive feature.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 453+ for barometric level maintaining systems in general.
222,	Dispensing, subclasses 353 , 437, 457, 479, and especially subclasses 585+ for barometric inkwells.

78	.. Float-controlled supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Combined fountains and troughs wherein the supply to the trough is controlled by a float valve.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

126,	Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 374.1 for an open-top liquid heating vessel that may include a lid and a condition responsive feature.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 409+ for fountains and troughs automatically controlled by a float where the means for control usually consists of an inlet valve so related to a float that the level of the liquid supplied is maintained at a predetermined point.

79	... Oscillating valve:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Fountains and troughs wherein a float-operated, hinged, flap, or oscillating valve controls the supply conduit.

80	... Reciprocating valve:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Fountains and troughs having a float-operated reciprocating valve controlling the source of supply.

81	.. Movable trough-controlled supply:

This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Fountains and troughs having depressible water receptacles connected to a water-supply valve, so as to hold it open when in its uppermost position. The weight of the water in the receptacle causes the trough to move and close the supply valve.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

137,	Fluid Handling, subclasses 386+ for tanks combined with automatic devices for maintaining a liquid level.

600	GROOMING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter particularly adapted to treat; the coat, i.e., the hair or skin of an animal.

(1) Note. Included here is currying, brushing, cleaning, massaging, or rubbing the coat of an animal.

(2) Note. The grooming of this and the indented subclasses comprises an operation "particularly adapted" to be used in the care of an animal. Note that since a comb is deemed to always align the hair of an animal and a brush may treat without aligning the hair, the concept of "particular adaptation" has been applied somewhat differently for a comb and for a brush.

A comb of the type recognized as usable on an animal is not considered to be of general utility unless there is specific disclosure of general utility, and therefor is found in this and the indented subclasses. Note that a hair aligning comb, for use on an animal, will be found herein, even if its sole disclosure is to remove vermin.

A brush of the type recognized as usable on an animal is considered to be of general utility unless there is a specific disclosure that it is intended for use only in grooming an animal. (See the note to Class 15, below.)

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

612,	and 615, for the combination of a currycomb with a brush.
651,	for a process of brushing under the definition of Class 119, without grooming.
664,	for a brush used in antivermin treating or cleaning under the definition of Class 119.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for cleaning, generally, particularly subclasses 23+ a machine for brushing by a rotary cylinder, subclasses 28+ for a machine for brushing by a rotary disk, subclasses 105+ for a combined cleaning machine, subclasses 160+ for a brush or broom for use with special work, and subclasses 171+ for a head or casing for a brush or broom. A brush, per se, is considered to be of general utility, and is to be found in Class 15. (See (2) Note above.) The combination of cleaning by a vacuum or air supply with an animal grooming device is to be found in Class 15, particularly subclasses 300.1+, and more specifically, subclasses 398+ for the combination of a brush with an air blast or suction and subclasses 402 for a comb with an air blast or suction.
96,	Gas Separation: Apparatus, for a dust collector, dust trap, or other device for purifying atmosphere, generally.
132,	Toilet, subclasses 212+ for a device for treating, dressing or manipulating the hair of a person.

601	. Process:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Method of grooming.

602	. With means to supply treatment material to the animal; e.g., antivermin treatment, flame, attractant:

This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device combined with means to provide a beneficial composition to the coat.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

650+,

for supplying an antivermin treating or cleaning composition to an animal, without grooming.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

604,	Surgery, for application of medicating material to an animal, generally, including the combination of a grooming device therewith.

603	.. Liquid:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 602. Grooming device wherein the material supplied to the coat is flowable and at a temperature below the vapor state.

604	... Sprayer:

This subclass is indented under subclass 603. Grooming device wherein the liquid material supplied to the coat is in droplets.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

665+,

for a sprayer for antivermin treating or cleaning.

605	.. Powder:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 602. Grooming device wherein the material is supplied to the coat is in the form or very small particles.

606	.. Air; e.g., to dry:

This subclass is indented under subclass 602. Grooming device wherein the material is supplied to the coat is the ambient mixture of the Earth"s environment, and the purpose is other than to clean.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

677+,

for an air supplier for antivermin treating or cleaning.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,

Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for the combination of cleaning by a vacuum or air supply with animal grooming, particularly subclasses 300.1+ , and more specifically, subclasses 398+ for the combination of a brush with an air blast or suction and subclasses 402 for a comb with an air blast or suction.

607	. Means to apply decorative trim to animal:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device particularly adapted to attach an ornamental member to the animal.

608	. Driven:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device including means movable relative thereto to cause a component thereof to move with respect to the animal.

609	.. By motor:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 608. Grooming device including a prime mover to cause the movement.

610	... Movable cutter:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Grooming device wherein the moved component comprises a sharp cutting edge.

611	. Including simultaneously used comb and other grooming device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Grooming device including a first grooming device having spaced apart fingers intended to inter-fit between the hairs of a coat, so that the hairs can be dragged therethrough to align the hairs; and including a distinct grooming device intended to be used at the same time.

612	.. Brush:

This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Grooming device wherein the other grooming device comprises adjacent flexible fingers.

(1) Note. The fingers of a brush may flex to interfit between the hairs of the coat in the manner of a comb or may flex so that the ends of the fingers will conform to the generally planar surface of the coat.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

664,	for a brush for antivermin treating or cleaning.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

132,	Toilet, subclasses 120+ for a comb combined with a brush for use by a person.

613	. Including separately used comb and other grooming device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Grooming device including a first grooming device having spaced apart fingers intended to interfit between hairs of the coat, so that the hairs can be dragged therethrough to align the hairs; and including a distinct grooming device intended to be used at a different time.

614	.. Removable other device:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Grooming device in which the other grooming device is intended to be readily detached from the first device.

615	... Brush:

This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Grooming device wherein the detachable other grooming device comprises adjacent flexible fingers.

(1) Note. The fingers of a brush may flex to interfit between the hairs of the coat in the manner of a comb or may flex so that the ends of the fingers conform to the generally planar surface of the coat.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

664,	for a brush for antivermin treating or cleaning.

616	... Another comb:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Grooming device where the second grooming device also has spaced apart fingers intended to interfit between hairs of the coat, so that the hairs can be dragged therethrough to align the hairs.

617	.. Distinct edges of a single blade:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Grooming device wherein the comb comprises fingers extending out of a marginal portion of a plate, which plate includes other marginal portions which comprise the other grooming device.

618	. Including means to apply increased tensile force to hair:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device having provision to cause more pulling effort to be transmitted to the hair than would be normal for such a grooming device.

619	.. Gripper:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 618. Grooming device including provision to squeeze a hair or a plurality of hairs to exert pulling force thereon.

620	.. Having abrasive surface:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 618. Grooming device including a surface roughened for the specific purpose of increasing the pulling effort on hair engaged thereby.

621	. Passive; e.g., rub-block:

This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device that is immobile relative to the earth during use.

(1) Note. The device of this subclass usually allows an animal to groom itself; e.g., by rubbing against the device.

(2) Note. A toothed member intended to bite into the coat of a passing animal to drive other structure on a "rub-block is not considered to be a grooming device, since it does not align the hairs of the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

652,	for a rubbing post including antivermin or cleaning means, particularly subclasses 656+ for a rubbing post having an animal actuated treatment supply.

622	.. Passageway:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 621. Grooming device comprising an opening through which an animal may (or must) pass, intended to engage the coat of the animal.

623	. Straight, smooth bar:

This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device comprised of a rigid rod-like or planar member having a linear rubbing surface without irregularities thereon.

(1) Note. Some portion of the bar of this subclass must be straight.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

600,	for a grooming device comprised of a planar member having a curved rubbing surface without irregularities therein.

624	. Smooth wire:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device comprised of a straight, curved or coiled flexible strand-like member having a rubbing surface without irregularities thereon.

625	. Comb:

This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Grooming device comprising fingers intended to interfit between hairs of the coat, so that the hairs can be dragged therethrough to align the hairs.

(1) Note. A toothed member intended to bite into the coat of a passing animal to drive other structure on a "rub-block" is not considered to be a grooming device, since it does not align the hairs of the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

621,	for a toothed member intended to bite into the coat of a passing animal to drive other structure on a "rub-block".

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

132,

Toilet, subclasses 219+ for a comb designed to be inserted into the hair of a person. Generally but not always, a comb to be used by a person is an elongated, planar member having teeth in the plane, extending laterally from an elongated edge; whereas a comb to be used in animal husbandry is rake-like in configuration.

626	.. Having vermin or dust trap:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Comb having a particular structure intended to capture or hold organic or inorganic foreign material for the coat during grooming.

627	.. Mounted for movement during use:

This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Comb designed to be repositioned by reaction from contact with the coat to which it is applied.

(1) Note. A resiliently mounted tooth is included herein only if it is specifically disclosed as movable during use.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

632,	for a grooming device including spike (e.g., wire) teeth mounted in a resilient base without reference to the teeth being movable during use.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

15,	Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses 23+ for cleaning generally by a rotary cylindrical brush and subclasses 28+ for cleaning generally by a rotary disk brush.
19,	Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclass 60 for a brush used in a textile gin.

628	.. Self-cleaning:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Comb provided with means for dislodging hair and dirt from the teeth or body thereof.

629	... By pivoting stripper:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Comb including a member supported for movement about an axis with respect to the comb teeth to pull the dislodged hair or dirt from the teeth or body thereof.

630	.. Reticulated wire teeth:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Comb including teeth, each comprised of a loop of wire wherein the wire loops interfit between the hairs of the coat in the manner of a comb.

631	.. Serrated strip:

This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Comb comprised of a planar panel of material having an edge scalloped to present teeth therealong.

(1) Note. The "planar" band of this subclass, usually made of sheet metal, may be curved or straight. The "teeth" of this subclass may look like those on a saw blade.

632	.. Spike-toothed:

This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Comb wherein the fingers are rod-like, and untapered, other than at the tip.

(1) Note. Wires extending from a planar member are considered to be "rod-like" fingers. Such device are sometimes called "cards", especially if the fingers are bent intermediate their extent.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

19,	Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclasses 98+ for a card used in aligning textile fibers which may be similar in structure to the device of this subclass.

633	.. Handle detail:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 625. Grooming device comprising specific details of a finger-hold, or other configuration designed to facilitate the engagement of a grooming device by the hand of a groomer; or specific means for securing the handle to the frame or plate of a grooming device.

650	ANTIVERMIN TREATING OR CLEANING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Invention for applying medicament to, washing, or otherwise treating an animal to free the animal of filth or a parasite or for repelling a parasite, topical application of means for healing a sore, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

69.5,

for a birdbath.

600+,

for currying, brushing, cleaning, massaging, or rubbing the coat of an animal. Note. The grooming device of subclass 600 and the indented subclasses comprises one "particularly adapted" to be used in the care of an animal. Note that since a comb is deemed to always align the hair of an animal and a brush may treat without aligning the hair, the concept of "particular adaptation has been applied somewhat differently for a comb and brush.

A comb of the type recognized as usable on an animal is not considered to be of general utility unless there is specific disclosure of general utility, and therefor is found in subclasses 600+; including a comb whose sole disclosure is to remove vermin while sliding through the hair of an animal.

A brush of the type recognized as usable on an animal is considered to be of general utility unless there is a specific disclosure that it is intended for use only in grooming an animal. Such a general utility brush is to be found in subclasses 650 if it is for antivermin treatment or cleaning.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

118,	Coating Apparatus, for a coating apparatus of general applicability.
424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclasses 405+ for an insecticide composition, especially subclasses 411+ for said composition, combined with a nominally recited collar.
514,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, for a particular chemical composition used for treating an animal in the manner of the process or apparatus of Class 119.

651	. Process:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Method of antivermin treating or cleaning.

652	. Means engaging animal directly; e.g., daubing or rubbing means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Device for applying a medicament to animals by contact or friction.

(1) Note. Included herein is a rubbing post, a fowl-greasing device, or a nose-tarring device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

621,	for a rubbing post including means to groom an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

118,	Coating Apparatus, subclasses 76+ for a coating apparatus, generally, in which coating material in self-sustaining form is rubbed on work.
401,	Coating Implements With Material Supply, subclasses 49+ for a hand-manipulable coating implement having a supply of self-sustaining coating material which is rubbed on the work surface to apply a coating thereto.

653	.. Carried externally by animal:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device adapted to ride on the animal being treated.

654	... Body or appendage encircling collar or band; e.g., flea collar etc.:

This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device intended to pass around the main trunk of an animal, or to pass around a protuberance extending therefrom.

(1) Note. The device of this subclass may extend about the torso, neck, ear, leg, etc. of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

850+,	for a protective shield or apparel, particularly subclass 855 for a neck or throat protector.
856+,	for a body or appendage encircling collar or band, generally; particularly subclass 860 for such a collar or band having a releasable chemical agent for a purpose other than antivermin treating or cleaning.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 124+ for vermin destroying.
424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclass 411 for a flea collar where the collar is only nominally recited as a support for the insecticide.

655	... Having means passing through the animal skin; e.g., ear tag:

This subclass is indented under subclass 653. Device including means intended to pass through a dermal portion of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

834+,

for a device intended to penetrate the snout of an animal to control the animal.

656	.. Having animal actuated treatment supply:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device including a storage of treating material and a means to bring or allow passage of the material from storage to the location of application which is effected by the animal being treated.

657	... With food trough or attractant means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Device combined with means to provide the animal with food, or with particular means to appeal to the animal to approach the device.

658	... Animal actuated valve:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Device wherein the treatment material is flowable, comprising a passage with means to open and shut the passage, which means is operated by the action of the animal to allow flow of the material.

659	... Animal actuated transfer means moving out of reservoir:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Device including a member inside a container holding treatment material which member is intended to travel out of the container and carry said material therewith for engagement with the animal.

660	.. Having capillary treatment supply wick:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device including a generally flexible member having very small passages intended to transport treating material upwardly against the force of gravity from a storage to the point of application.

661	.. Yieldable, horizontally extending web or rod adapted to slide over animal passing thereunder:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device including a laterally extending (a) panel member or (b) bar member, which may be hollow, intended to be engaged by an animal passing between the member and the ground to transfer treatment material to the animal engaged thereby.

662	... Having distinct treatment reservoir:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 661. Device provided with a container of treatment material that is separate from the web or rod.

663	.. Roller:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device including a rotatable member intended to rollingly engage the skin of the animal to apply treatment material thereto.

664	.. Brush:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device including a flexible, bristled member intended slidingly engage the skin of the animal with the exposed ends of the bristles to apply treatment material to the animal.

665	. Sprayer:

This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Device adapted to project liquid into engagement with an animal; e.g., from a nozzle-like member or other type projector.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

118,	Coating Apparatus, subclasses 300+ for apparatus in which the coating material is sprayed, flung or otherwise projected onto the work.
239,	Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, for spraying apparatus of general application.

666	.. Animal actuated:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Device including means to cause or control the projecting of liquid, dependant on a condition of the animal being treated.

667	... Pass-through type; e.g., chute:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 666. Device including side walls but without permanent end walls, intended for the animal being treated to move in one end and out the other.

668	.. With air supply; e.g., for drying:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Device combined with means to cause atmospheric gas to engage the animal.

669	.. Pass-through type; e.g., chute:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Device including side walls but without permanent end walls, intended for the animal being treated to move in one end and out the other.

670	.. Teat spray:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Device particularly adapted to direct fluid into engagement with the udder of an animal.

671	.. Having animal encasing means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Device including structure to enclose an animal for spraying therein.

672	. Duster:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Device adapted to cause powder to engage an animal.

673	. Immersing chamber; e.g., dip or wash means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Device comprising a vessel for holding a liquid and for receiving an animal, or a portion of an animal to inundate the animal or portion under the liquid.

(1) Note. A dipping vat is included herein. Also a washing tub is included herein.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

118,	Coating Apparatus, subclasses 400+ for immersion coating apparatus, generally.

674	.. Having means to lift animal:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Device including means to raise the animal against the force of gravity.

675	.. Transportable; e.g., vehicle mounted:

This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Device particularly adapted for movement from one location to a distant second location.

(1) Note. An immersing chamber mounted on a vehicle is included herein.

676	.. With restraining means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Device combined with means intended to hold the animal.

677	. Fumigating or air supplying means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 650. Device adapted to cause a vapor or gas (including atmospheric gas) to engage an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

118,	Coating Apparatus, subclasses 715+ for apparatus for coating with gaseous or vaporized material, generally.

678	.. Animal encasing:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Device comprising structure to contain substantially the entire animal being treated.

700	TREADMILL:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of an apparatus having a movable surface, e.g., roller, endless belt, turntable, etc., upon which an animal may simulate travelling while remaining in essentially the same location relative to a fixed underlying supporting surface, e.g., a floor surface, etc.

(1) Note. A treadmill may be used for a wide variety of purposes including exercise, amusement, breaking, training, or laboratory study purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

702+,	for an exercise or amusement device for an animal other than a treadmill, particularly subclasses 703+ for a device for forcing an animal to travel over a stationary floor, track, etc. See the (1) Note under subclass 702.
712+,	for a device for controlling an action of an animal, including a device for breaking or training an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

185,	Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, particularly subclass 3 for an animal powered composite motor.
472,	Amusement Devices, particularly subclass 48 for an amusement walkway or passageway for a human having a movable floor or stair step and subclasses 90+ for a surface for a human riding a skiing or skating vehicle, e.g., for skis, ice, or roller skates, etc., including a sloped treadmill used to imitate a ski slope.
482,	Exercise Devices, particularly subclass 54 for an exercise treadmill for use by a human.

701	ROUNDABOUT:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of apparatus for compelling an animal to travel in a closed looped pathway while connected to rotatably or circuitously supported restraining or load means.

(1) Note. The animal may be compelled to travel by a mechanical means, e.g., motor driven or by human urging.

(2) Note. The purpose of the device may be for simple exercise as well as training or "breaking" an animal to bear a load for example.

702	EXERCISE OR AMUSEMENT DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of means used to (a) condition or develop a muscle of an animal or to participate in an athletic activity by an animal, or (b) to provide entertainment for an animal.

(1) Note. A patent for a treadmill frequently discloses a use for an exercise or amusement purpose. A cross-reference to this subclass array should be considered only if an additional exercise or amusement feature is also disclosed. See the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.03+,	for a milking station arrangement used for sequential treatment of an animal for the purpose of conducting and facilitating milking in combination with another dairy operation such as exercising.
15+,	for an animal maze combined with a significant confining or housing device.
70,	for a device constructed to supply feed to poultry in order to promote exercise.
700,	for a treadmill for an animal which may be used for an exercise or amusement purpose.
712+,	for a device for controlling an action of an animal, e.g., an animal restraining, breaking, or training device, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, appropriate subclasses for an animal harness for a draft or work purpose, per se, and particularly subclasses 71+ for an animal breaking or training harness, per se.
273,	Amusement Devices: Games, appropriate subclasses for a game-type amusement device involving competition between human beings.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, appropriate subclasses for a toy-type amusement device for a human being.
472,	Amusement Devices, appropriate subclasses for an amusement device not provided for elsewhere for a human being.
473,	Games Using Tangible Projectile, for a game-type amusement device used in a game involving competition between human beings and in which a tangible projectile is used, and for a practice or training device used by a player of such a game, which practice or training device may involve exercising by the user.
482,	Exercise Devices, appropriate subclasses for an exercise device for a human being.

703	. Animal forced to travel relative to an underlying, stationary, supporting surface:

This subclass is indented under subclass 702. Subject matter wherein the conditioning, developing, or entertaining means causes the animal to tread upon a static, weight bearing surface area, e.g., a floor, track, etc.

(1) Note. The animal usually is forced to travel so that it may obtain a desired amount of exercise by walking, running, etc. The device may be used to provide mild exercise for cooling an animal off after a race or other activity.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

700,	for a treadmill which may simulate travel over a floor, track, etc.
712+,	for an animal-controlling device, particularly subclasses 780+ for a hitching or tethering device employing a rotary arm to limit the travel of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

231,	Whips and Whip Apparatus, particularly subclasses 2.1+ for a whip or goad used by a human to force an animal to perform a desired action.

704	.. Constrained to travel in circuitous path:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 703. Subject matter wherein the treading causing means limits the treading of the animal to a closed loop pathway.

705	. Hurdle, jump, or support therefor:

This subclass is indented under subclass 702. Subject matter wherein the conditioning, developing, or entertaining means is a barrier which the animal must leap over or across or is a holding member for such a barrier.

(1) Note. The animal may leap over or across the barrier while traveling along an underlying surface, e.g., in a steeplechase hurdle, etc., or it may leap over or across it as a goal in itself, e.g., in a high jump or broad jump attempt, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, particularly subclasses 200+ for a support bracket in general, which may be used to support a member against the force of gravity.
256,	Fences, for fence structure.
482,	Exercise Devices, particularly subclasses 15+ for a hurdle or jump used by a human being in a track or field sport.

706	. Climbing or claw scratching device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 702. Subject matter wherein the animal may ascend, descend, or crawl upon the conditioning, developing, or entertaining means or may abrade its nail thereon.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15+,	for an animal confining or housing device which may also have a climbing or claw scratching feature, including an animal maze combined with a significant confining or housing device.
28.5,	for an animal bed or rest which may also have a climbing or claw scratching feature.
83+,	for a device against which an animal may rub for a grooming purpose.

707	. Toy, lure, fetch, or related device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 702. Subject matter wherein the conditioning, developing, or entertaining means is to be played with, entice, or be retrieved by the animal or is associated with such means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15.1+,

for a confining device used for management of an animal upon a roadway, racetrack, or other defined path.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, particularly subclasses 2+ for a decoy usually used to lure an animal into danger.
104,	Railways, particularly subclasses 89+ for a suspended device and subclasses 118+ for a monorail railway device, each of which may be a lure carrier used for a dog race.
105,	Railway Rolling Stock, particularly subclasses 141+ for a monorail carrier and subclasses 148+ for a suspended carrier, each of which may be a lure carrier used for a dog race.
124,	Mechanical Guns and Projectors, appropriate subclasses for an apparatus for mechanically projecting an object.
273,	Amusement Devices: Games, appropriate subclasses for a game-type amusement device involving competition between human beings.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, appropriate subclasses for a toy-type amusement device for a human being.
472,	Amusement Devices, particularly subclasses 86+ for a racetrack for a nonhuman animal, often in combination with a lure which may be used to lead an animal, e.g., a dog, etc., around the racetrack.
473,	Games Using Tangible Projectile, for a game-type amusement device used in a game involving competition between human beings and in which a tangible projectile is used, and for a practice or training device used by a player of such a game, which practice or training device may involve exercising by the user.

708	.. Suspended:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 707. Subject matter wherein the means being played with, enticing, or being retrieved by the animal is hung from above.

709	.. Mastication:

This subclass is indented under subclass 707. Subject matter wherein the means being played with, enticing, or being retrieved is constructed for chewing by the animal.

(1) Note. While any toy, lure, or fetch device may be bitten by the animal using it, to be proper for this subclass it must be intended to have a significant chewing related operation performed on it by the animal.

710	... Flavor enhanced or supplemented:

This subclass is indented under subclass 709. Subject matter wherein the means constructed for chewing has an existing taste intensified, or a new taste added thereto, which appeals to the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

711,	for a toy, lure, or fetch device having a scent attractant, e.g., a catnip-filled toy, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

426,	Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products, particularly subclass 805 for a pet food for a dog, cat, bird, or fish and subclass 807 for feed for poultry or a ruminant animal.

711	.. Having scent attractant:

This subclass is indented under subclass 707. Subject matter wherein the means being played with, enticing, or being retrieved has a smell which appeals to the animal.

(1) Note. This subclass includes a catnip filled toy, lure, or fetch device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

710,	for a flavor enhanced toy, lure, or fetch device which an animal chews and which may also have a scent attractant.

712	ANIMAL CONTROLLING OR HANDLING (E.G., RESTRAINING, BREAKING, TRAINING, SORTING, CONVEYING, ETC.):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein animal limiting means is used to deter an undesired action or promote a desired action of an animal; or to manipulate, direct, or cause an animal or body part thereof to be restrained, positioned, or repositioned, or to move an animal to a different location.

(1) Note. The action of the animal may be deterred or promoted either physically, e.g., by a physical restraint, an electrical shock, etc., or mentally, e.g., by breaking, training, etc.

(2) Note. This subclass array is the residual location for a tether for a lower (i.e., nonhuman) animal not classifiable elsewhere. Subclass 770, indented hereunder, is the residual location for a tether for a human being.

(3) Note. A body-carried diaper or manure pouch used to collect animal waste or to prevent an animal from depositing its waste in an undesirable location is also not considered to control the animal. See the search notes below.

(4) Note. An animal-controlling device deters or promotes an action of an animal to which it is secured while a shield for subclass 850 below acts as a barrier, pad, etc., for protecting the animal from an external source, e.g., dirt, a disease, an injury, an insect, or itself or another animal, etc.

(5) Note. A collar encircling a torso, neck, or appendage or a harness embracing a portion of an animal body is excluded from this subclass unless:

(a) it is combined with animal-controlling structure, e.g., a claimed drag, weight, leash, poke, etc., or

(b) by its structural nature it is adapted to restrain a body part on its own, e.g., a mouth restraining muzzle, etc. See the search notes below.

(6) Note. A method of controlling an animal would be classified in the subclass providing for the associated structure used in the method. A method not associated with any particular structure, or using a structure not provided for hereunder, would be classified in this subclass (712).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15+,	for an animal maze combined with a significant confining or housing device.
700,	for a treadmill which may also control an animal.
702+,	for an exercise or amusement device which may also control an animal.
770,	for a tether for a human being having a disclosure not classifiable in another class. See the (2) Note above.
840,	for animal sorting.
843+,	for an animal relocating, loading, or unloading means, e.g., a gangway, chute, lift, conveyor, turntable, elevator, etc., particularly for a conveyor which may include an animal holding device used only for the purpose of restraining an animal while being conveyed.
850+,	for a body-carried protective shield or apparel for an animal used as a barrier or pad and not as means for controlling an action of the animal.
856+,	for a body- or appendage-encircling collar, band, or harness not combined with animal controlling, handling, or protecting means, particularly subclass 857 for a collar or body harness for a human being having a disclosure not classifiable in another class. See the search class notes thereunder for other classes having harness structure.
867+,	for a manure.
907,	for a harness of general utility.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, for a human body harness in combination with or constituting apparel, including a bib for an infant which may also be used to restrain the infant, and particularly subclass 44 and 45 for a body brace or support, subclass 102 for vest apparel, and subclasses 300 through 342 for a garment supporter or retainer, e.g., subclass 311 for a belt having a handle which is worn by a motorcyclist so that a motorcycle passenger may grasp the handle as necessary.
5,	Beds, for a bed or bed accessory for a human body, particularly subclasses 600+ for a body harness used with an invalid bed or surgical support and subclasses 424+ for a restraint disclosed for protecting a person from injury or from rolling out of a bed.
24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., particularly subclasses 712+ for a drawstring or laced-fastener, subclasses 115+ for a cord or rope holder, subclasses 163+ for a buckle, subclasses 455+ for a clasp, subclasses 572+ for a separable fastener, subclasses 598.4+ for a snap hook, subclasses 698.1+ for a hook and subclass 265 for a strap-end-attaching device.
40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 299.01+ for a card, label, or tag, per se, which may be intended for attachment to a Class 119 device, e.g., a collar, harness, leash, etc., particularly subclasses 300+ for an animal marker, subclass 303 for a harness-supported animal marker, subclass 304 for a leg band type animal marker, subclasses 633+ for an identification bracelet and subclasses 642+ for a card, label, or tag holder.
54,	Harness for Working Animal, for an animal harness for a draft, work, breaking, or training purpose, particularly subclasses 71+ for a harness for controlling a vicious or unruly animal or training an animal to trot, pace, etc.
114,	Ships, particularly subclass 39.18 for a body harness designed to be connected to a sailboard-type marine vessel.
116,	Signals and Indicators, particularly subclasses 22+ for automatic and periodic actuation of a mechanical signal which may be used to frighten an animal.
128,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 846+ for a body protecting or restraining device for a patient or an infant, particularly subclasses 869+ for a body restraining or immobilizing device, e.g., cropped ear restraint for a dog.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, particularly subclasses 3+ for a torso harness disclosed for supporting a workman or for a rescue or escape operation and which may employ an anchoring tether.
224,	Package and Article Carriers, for a body harness for a living bearer combined with package and article carrying means, particularly subclass 158 for a carrier for a person and subclass 184 for means attached to a person for towing an object along a surface, e.g., a game animal, etc.
231,	Whips and Whip Apparatus, for a whip-related apparatus which may be used to control an animal.
242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 370+ for a reeling device.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, for the combination of significant aircraft structure with body harness, particularly subclass 122 for a device for holding an occupant to an aircraft seat and subclass 151 for a device for attaching a parachute to a person or object being lowered slowly to the ground.
256,	Fences, for a fence used as a physical barrier to an animal.
269,	Work Holders, for apparatus used to restrain a work piece during a work treating operation.
280,	Land Vehicles, particularly subclass 290 for a body harness for attaching a human occupant to an occupant-propelled wheeled vehicle and subclasses 801.1+ for a safety belt or harness combined with significant vehicle structure and used to prevent, restrain, or limit movement of a human occupant relative to the vehicle in the event of a sudden, unexpected movement.
297,	Chairs and Seats, particularly subclass 275 for a belt or garment restrainer with an oscillatory suspended baby jumper and subclasses 464+ for a body restrainer disclosed for confining a seated human occupant to a chair or seat, wherein the seat may be in a vehicle if no significant vehicle structure is claimed.
434,	Education and Demonstration, particularly subclass 225 for subject matter related to teaching a human being the occupations of farming, ranching, or occupations otherwise related to an animal.
441,	Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices, particularly subclasses 80+ for a water rescue or life protecting apparatus for a person which may include tether structure.
452,	Butchering, particularly subclasses 54+ for a device employed in holding an animal for slaughtering.
602,	Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage, subclasses 1+ for an orthopedic bandage for a human or an animal, particularly subclasses 5+ for a splint or brace.
604,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 358+ for an absorbent body-carried pad, e.g., a diaper, etc., for a human or an animal.
606,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 204.15+ for an instrument for applying pressure to the head of a human or animal, e.g., for bending a horn, etc.

713	. Bird:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the animal being limited is taxonomically classified in the class Aves, i.e., a bird.

(1) Note. To be properly classified as an original classification hereunder, the claimed disclosure of a patent must restrict use of a device, or a portion thereof, to controlling a bird. An animal-controlling device having general utility on a variety of animals, or specifically directed to an animal other than a bird, is found elsewhere under subclass 712.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

843+,	for bird relocating, loading, or unloading, e.g., a conveyor, etc.
853,	for a bird-carried shield for protecting it or for protecting another being or object from a bird.

714	.. Body worn:

This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is carried about upon the anatomy of the bird.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

853,	for a body-carried bird protective shield or apparel.

715	... Head carried:

This subclass is indented under subclass 714. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is configured to be supported upon a head portion of the bird anatomy.

(1) Note. This type of device is often used as an "antipicking" or "antipecking" device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

821+,

for an animal-carried mouth guard used to limit the use of the mouth of an animal other than a bird, e.g., a muzzle, etc.

716	.. Suspends inverted bird by leg or foot only:

This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter wherein the limiting means supports the bird upside down in a freely hanging manner solely by a lower limb or extremity thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

728,	for means for suspending an animal other than a bird.
816+,	for an animal-carried leg restraining device.
843+,	for a bird relocating, loading, or unloading means, e.g., a conveyor, etc., that suspends a bird upside down.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

452,	Butchering, particularly subclass 53 for apparatus for conveying a live animal to slaughtering apparatus.

717	.. Handheld catching and holding tool:

This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is a hand-carried implement which may be manipulated by a human user to both capture and to inhibit movement of the bird.

(1) Note. A bird catching and holding tool usually has a bird engaging portion which embraces some part of the bird while being readily removable from the bird without inflicting injury.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

751+,	for a holding crate or trap for controlling an animal.
769+,	for a hitching device used to secure or tether an animal.
801+,	for a hand held animal catching and holding tool not restricted to or specifically designed to catch and hold a bird.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, particularly subclasses 58+ for a trap for a burglar or an animal which is not domesticated.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, particularly subclasses 106+ for a similarly used grapple tool having a pivoted jaw.

718	. Responsive to voice (e.g., bark, cry, etc.) of animal:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means reacts to a vocal sound created by the animal.

(1) Note. The limiting means may react to a vocal sound actually emitted by the animal or to the vocal sound as it is being generated, e.g., by detecting the vibration of a vocal cord of the animal, etc. The vocal sound may be in the form of a bark, cry, screech, scream, shriek, howl, bleat, neigh, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

859,	for a collar with an electrical element.
908,	for a shocking device used to control an animal.

719	. Mechanical wave producing device (e.g., sound, ultrasound, vibration, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means generates a vibratory energy wave which is transmitted through a medium to deter or promote the action of the animal.

(1) Note. Limiting means using ultrasonic sound to control the animal is included in this subclass. The sound may control the animal directly or indirectly, e.g., by ultrasonic sound activation of an electrical shocking collar. Ultrasonic sound is an acoustic frequency above approximately 20,000 cycles per second which is higher than is detectable by the human ear.

(2) Note. The transmission medium may be air, water, the body of the animal, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

720+,	for an electromagnetic remote control device for controlling an animal.
859,	for a collar with an electrical element.
908,	for an electrical device for controlling an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

116,	Signals and Indicators, particularly subclasses 22+ for a periodic mechanical signal for frightening an animal and subclasses 137+ for a mechanical horn, whistle, or compression wave generator used for a signaling purpose.
340,	Communications: Electrical, particularly subclasses 384+ for an electrical device used for producing an audible sound for a communication purpose, e.g., simulated noise in a training program, etc.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, particularly subclasses 202+ for a mouth-operated device for producing sound other than music, e.g., a dog whistle, etc., and subclasses 213+ for a sound producing amusement device not having a mouthpiece.

720	. Electromagnetic remote control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means employs a wave of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted through the air at a spaced distance from the animal to deter or promote the action of the animal.

(1) Note. The electromagnetic wave may control the animal indirectly, e.g., by remote activation of an electrical shocking collar, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

719,	for a mechanical wave producing device, using sound, ultrasound, vibration, etc., to remotely control an animal.
859,	for a collar with an electrical element.
908+,	for an electrical device for controlling an animal which is in direct contact with the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

318,	Electricity: Motive Power Systems, particularly subclass 16 for an electric motor controlled by radio energy.
340,	Communications: Electrical, particularly subclasses 12.22 , 12.5-12.53, and 13.24-13.3 for a wireless remote control device of an insignificantly disclosed or claimed external art device.
341,	Coded Data Generation or Conversion, particularly subclass 176 for a transmitter for a remote control signal of an insignificantly claimed external art device.
455,	Telecommunications, particularly subclasses 352+ for light wave remote control of an insignificantly claimed external art device.

721	.. Animal confined to predetermined territorial location:

This subclass is indented under subclass 720. Subject matter wherein the limiting means restricts travel of the animal to a predefined geographical area.

(1) Note. The remote control feature, e.g., a buried wire, above ground fence, central transmitter, etc., may operate in conjunction with animal-carried circuitry. An above ground electric fence which only limits travel of the animal by direct electrical contact with the animal is not proper for this subclass nor is a remote control device held by a human to control the actions of the animal, unless the remote control device includes structure limiting the animal to a predetermined territorial location.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

256,	Fences, particularly subclass 10 for an above ground electric fence which imparts a shock to an animal coming into contact with it.
340,	Communications: Electrical, particularly subclass 564 for a condition responsive indicating system in which the entry or attempted entry by a living being into a protected area is detected and subclasses 573.1+ for a condition responsive indicating system which responds to a condition of a human being or an animal other than indicating its location.

722	. Having tiltable support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means includes a repositionable member for holding the animal against the pull of gravity during turning movement of the member from an initial animal holding orientation to a different animal holding orientation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

728,	for a restraint which suspends an animal against the pull of gravity and does not involve tilting a support.
753+,	for a stationary table used as an animal restraint.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, for a bed or bed accessory which may be tiltable while supporting a human body, particularly subclasses 607+ and 610 for a tiltable invalid bed or surgical support and subclasses 424+ for a restraint disclosed for protecting a person from injury or from rolling out of a bed and subclasses 633+ for a support means for supporting back portions of a user sitting or reclining on a bed.
128,	Surgery, particularly subclass 845 for a human body rest, support, or positioner used for a therapeutic purpose.
248,	Supports, for a support not limited to use in a particular art. For structure for retaining an article on a support surface see subclass 499 for a tie down, subclasses 500+ for a hold-down, or subclass 510 for a clamp-down retainer.

723	.. About longitudinal axis only:

This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Subject matter wherein the animal holding member rotates solely about an axial line generally parallel with a longitudinal line passing through the animal along its long dimension.

(1) Note. The longitudinal line would be generally parallel to the spine of a vertebrate animal and extend from the head or shoulder area to the tail or rear end of the animal. The longitudinal axis does not necessarily pass through the body of the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, particularly subclasses 607+ for an invalid bed or surgical support for a human which is tiltable about a longitudinal axis.

724	... Including flexible animal securing element:

This subclass is indented under subclass 723. Subject matter wherein the animal holding member has a readily bendable animal fastening component, e.g., a strap, cord, chain, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

725+,

for a flexible sling restraint which suspends an animal against the pull of gravity and does not involve a tilting support.

725	. Body sling:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means employs a flexible band or strand passing beneath the torso of the animal to support the animal.

(1) Note. A sling may be provided with means for partially or wholly raising the animal off its feet. The flexible band or strand may be of any width and may be made from a plurality of rigid segments, e.g., from chain links, etc., which when taken as a whole form a flexible band or strand. A flexible band or strand passing beneath the animal, absent any disclosure for supporting the weight of the animal, is not considered to be a body sling.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

724,	for a tiltable support which rotates only about a longitudinal axis and which includes a flexible animal securing element.
757,	for a stationary table having a downwardly curved animal support portion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, particularly subclass 89.1 for a sling used in an invalid lift or transfer for a human.

726	.. With discrete leg restraint:

This subclass is indented under subclass 725. Subject matter wherein the flexible band or strand for supporting the animal is combined with separate limiting means for holding a limb of the animal which is used for land travel.

(1) Note. The discrete leg restraint may merely restrain the leg from moving or may be used to position the leg so that it, or a part thereof, may be worked upon, e.g., during the shoeing of a horse, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

816+,

for an animal-carried leg restraint.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

5,	Beds, particularly subclasses 17+ for a bed section for supporting a human which moves out forwardly or backwardly relative to a bed.

727	.. Wheeled:

This subclass is indented under subclass 725. Subject matter wherein the flexible band or strand for supporting the animal has travel wheels associated therewith.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

843+,

for an animal handling conveyor for moving an animal from one location to another.

728	. Suspending:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means supports a major portion of the animal in a freely hanging manner against the pull of gravity.

(1) Note. The animal does not necessarily hang completely above the ground. A portion of the animal, e.g., its feet, etc., may lightly touch an underlying ground or floor surface. A downward pointing, cone shaped holder in which an animal is wedged in a head-first position while being worked upon, e.g., castrated, inoculated, having a nose ring inserted, etc., is not considered to suspend the animal in a freely hanging manner. See the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

19,	for an easily portable animal carrying structure, e.g., a bag, etc., which may be suspended during transportation by a handle.
722+,	for a tiltable support which may at times suspend an animal against the pull of gravity depending on the orientation of the support.
751+,	for a holding crate or trap for confining or capturing an animal, including a cone shaped holder in which an animal is wedged in a head-first position while being worked upon. See the (1) Note above.
753+,	for a stationary table used as an animal restraint.
843,	for an animal elevator.

729	. Head or neck stock:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is a rigid framework which securely holds the head or neck region of the animal in a substantially immovable position.

(1) Note. The head or neck region of an animal is considered to contain the skull, brain, and upper vertebrae of a vertebrate animal, e.g., a head or neck of a cow, hog, etc., and is located above or in front of the main trunk of the body of the animal, e.g., in front of its shoulder, etc.

(2) Note. While a head or neck stock is a rigid framework, it may include a rigid component which pivots, slides, shifts, etc., into a fixed position relative to the animal, or another part of the framework. A mere nose hole in a wall is not considered to be a head or neck stock.

(3) Note. A head or neck stock may be used to facilitate the application of another restraining device, the removal of the animal"s coat, the performance of a surgical operation, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

713+,	for an immobilizing device for holding a bird in a substantially immovable position.
738+,	for a stanchion for restraining an animal while permitting more freedom of movement than a head or neck stock. See the (3) Note thereunder.
800,	for a removable lip or nose clasp, e.g., a twitch, etc.
814+,	for an animal-carried restraining device for inhibiting the use of a specific body part, particularly 815 for limiting bending of the neck, and 837 for limiting use of the head, face, or horn to, for example, butt or gore.
855,	for a neck or throat protector.
856+,	for a body- or appendage-encircling collar or band worn by an animal and not combined with a controlling, handling, or protecting means.
907,	for a harness of general utility.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

452,	Butchering, particularly subclasses 54+ for a device employed in holding an animal for slaughtering.

730	.. Animal actuated:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 729. Subject matter wherein the rigid framework is directly activated into a securing position by contact with the animal.

731	... Having head or neck gate pivoted about vertical axis:

This subclass is indented under subclass 730. Subject matter wherein the rigid framework includes a member which securely holds a head or neck region of the animal by rotating into engagement therewith about an upright axis.

(1) Note. See the (1) Note under subclass 729 for a description of the head or neck region of an animal.

732	.. And crate having movable clamping side member:

This subclass is indented under subclass 729. Subject matter wherein the rigid framework further includes a confining enclosure having therein a relatively maneuverable, clasping, border element for applying a confining pressure to a side of the animal.

(1) Note. The side member may be a wall of the crate itself or may be distinct therefrom.

(2) Note. To be proper for this subclass the crate must be used for more than just a mere housing, feeding, or milking purpose where immobilization of the animal is not essential. The immobilization may be necessary to enable shearing, branding, treatment by a veterinarian, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.03+,	for a milking station arrangement used for the purpose of conducting and facilitating milking or in combination with another dairy operation, e.g., milk delivery, animal feeding, washing, exercising, etc.
15+,	for an animal confining or housing device such as a cage, coop, kennel, pen, or stall for confining an animal to a comparatively restricted area for protecting it against intruders, unfavorable conditions of weather, or for facilitating its care and management.
752,	for a crate or trap having an adjustable animal positioning or accommodating means but without a head or neck stock.

733	... Pivoting about horizontal axis:

This subclass is indented under subclass 732. Subject matter wherein the border element rotates about an axial line perpendicular to vertical, i.e., about a horizontal axial line.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

734,	for a head stock having dual head or neck gates which pivot.

734	.. Dual pivoting head or neck gates:

This subclass is indented under subclass 729. Subject matter wherein the rigid framework includes two opposing members which securely hold a head or neck region of the animal by swinging into engagement therewith.

(1) Note. See the (1) Note under subclass 729 for a description of the head or neck region of an animal.

735	.. One head or neck gate moves relative to second, stationary gate:

This subclass is indented under subclass 729. Subject matter wherein the rigid framework includes a member which engages one side of a head or neck region of the animal by moving with respect to another opposing, nonmoving member which engages an opposite side of the head or neck region to thereby securely hold the head of the animal.

(1) Note. See the (1) Note under subclass 729 for a description of the head or neck region of an animal.

736	... Vertically moving gate:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 735. Subject matter wherein the moving member travels up or down into engagement with a bottom or topside, respectively, of the head or neck region of the animal.

737	.. Dual sliding head or neck gates maintaining parallel relationship during movement:

This subclass is indented under subclass 729. Subject matter wherein the rigid framework includes two opposing members which have evenly spaced animal engaging portions for securely holding a head or neck region of the animal by gliding into engagement therewith while preserving the even spacing throughout all ranges of motion.

(1) Note. See the (1) Note under subclass 729 for a description of the head or neck region of an animal.

738	. Stanchion:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means consists of horizontally spaced, upright members which engage opposite sides of a neck region of the animal to prevent the animal from retracting its head region therethrough, i.e., a stanchion.

(1) Note. The term "stanchion" is generally used to connote the entire frame assembly used to hold an animal in a desired location. An upright member is frequently called a stanchion bar, a neck bar, or a restraining arm. At least one of the upright members of a stanchion is usually pivotally or slidably supported such that it can be moved away from the other upright member to admit the head and neck of the animal to be restrained. It can then be moved toward locking engagement relative to the other upright member to embrace the neck and prevent withdrawal of the head. An upright member may be made from a flexible material or plural rigid members acting as an upright member, e.g., a chain, etc. If one of the upright members is intended to travel along with the head or neck region of the animal as it moves up or down, the moving member is considered to be part of a tether and not part of a stanchion.

(2) Note. The head region of an animal is considered to contain the skull and brain and is attached to the neck region, which contains the upper vertebrae and throat of a vertebrate animal, e.g., a head or neck of a cow, hog, etc. The neck region is located immediately above or in front of the main trunk of the body of the animal, e.g., in front of its shoulder, etc.

(3) Note. A stanchion differs from a head or neck stock in that it permits more freedom of movement. A head or neck stock more firmly clamps or immovably holds the neck of the animal and is designed to reduce to a minimum any movement of the head or neck, while a stanchion is designed simply to prevent escape of the animal from its stall or to segregate it for a feeding or housing purpose.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

729+,	for a head or neck stock which holds the head or neck region of an animal in a substantially immovable position.
783,	for an upright member intended to travel along with the head or neck region of the animal as it moves up or down as part of a tether.
814+,	for an animal-carried restraining device for inhibiting the use of a specific body part, particularly 815 for limiting bending of the neck, and 837 for limiting use of the head, face, or horn to, for example, butt or gore.

739	.. Multiple stanchions:

This subclass is indented under subclass 738. Subject matter wherein plural sets of the horizontally separated, upright members prevent plural animals from retracting their head regions therethrough.

(1) Note. To be proper for this subclass, more than one stanchion must be claimed, or connecting or controlling structure for more than one stanchion, e.g., for causing simultaneous securement or release, etc., must also be claimed. Mere disclosure that a single stanchion may be used in a multiple stanchion environment without any claimed structure relating to the multiple stanchion environment is not proper for this subclass.

740	... Having animal actuated securing means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Subject matter wherein one of the sets of upright members includes an animal-operated fastening means which causes one of the upright members to move into and remain in an animal contacting position.

741	... Having longitudinally slidable actuating mechanism:

This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Subject matter wherein one of the sets of upright members includes a linearly translating activating means which causes one of the upright members to move into or out of an animal contacting position.

(1) Note. While only one of the upright members for one of the stanchions needs to be actuated by the mechanism, the mechanism usually actuates at least one of the upstanding shafts for all of the stanchions.

742	.... Bottom-pivoted stanchion bar pivots near vertical centerline of stanchion:

This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Subject matter wherein the moving upright member is an upright shaft which swings about an axis near its lower end and located midway between the swinging upright shaft and the upright member cooperating therewith.

(1) Note. The upright stanchion members usually have a relatively horizontal portion integral with, or fixedly attached to, their bottoms so that they can remain upright in use and still be pivotally connected near both their bottoms and the vertical centerline of the stanchion. If both members pivot, they need not share a common axis of rotation as long as the axes are near each other and the vertical centerline of the stanchion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

747,	for a bottom-pivoted upright stanchion bar pivotally connected near both the bottom of the other upright member and the vertical centerline of a stanchion.

743	.. Having flexible or hingedly jointed stanchion bar:

This subclass is indented under subclass 738. Subject matter wherein one of the upright members is a readily bendable member or pivotally coupled segmented member.

(1) Note. The flexible stanchion bar flexes or the hingedly jointed stanchion bar, e.g., a chain, pivotally connected segmented bar, etc., moves about its hinge area to permit the head of the animal to pass into or out of the stanchion.

744	.. Having bottom-pivoted upright stanchion bar:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 738. Subject matter wherein one of the upright members is an upright shaft which swings about an axis at or near its lower end.

745	... And member for guiding and securing upper end of stanchion bar:

This subclass is indented under subclass 744. Subject matter wherein the stanchion further includes a component which both positions and fastens a top end portion of the swinging upright shaft as it swings about the axis into an animal contacting position.

(1) Note. The member may guide the upper end of the pivoted upright bar directly or indirectly, e.g., by guiding securing structure attached thereto, etc. A plurality of pivotally connected rigid links or other flexible element connecting the upper ends of the stanchion bars and used solely to move the pivoted upright stanchion bar rather than just guiding and securing it are not proper for this subclass. The axis about which the stanchion bar pivots and any structure related thereto is not considered to be a guiding and securing means.

746	.... Upper end of stanchion bar travels in guiding slot:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 745. Subject matter wherein the top end portion of the swinging upright shaft swings in an elongated opening portion of the positioning and fastening component.

747	... Pivotally connected near bottom and vertical centerline of stanchion:

This subclass is indented under subclass 744. Subject matter wherein the swinging upright shaft swings about an axis which is both close to the lower end of the other upright member and is located approximately midway between the swinging upright shaft and the other upright member.

(1) Note. The upright stanchion members usually have a relatively horizontal portion integral with, or fixedly attached to, their bottoms so that they can remain upright in use and still be pivotally connected near both their bottoms and the vertical centerline of the stanchion. If both bars pivot, they need not share a common axis of rotation as long as the axes are near each other and the vertical centerline of the stanchion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

742,	for a multiple stanchion arrangement which has a stanchion which is actuated by a longitudinally slidable actuating mechanism and which has a bottom- pivoted upright stanchion bar which pivots near the vertical centerline of the stanchion.

748	.... Opposing upright stanchion bars both pivot:

This subclass is indented under subclass 747. Subject matter wherein each of the upright members are upright shafts which swing about axes which are both close to their lower ends and are located approximately midway between them.

(1) Note. See the (1) Note under subclass 747 above.

749	.. Suspended:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 738. Subject matter wherein the upright members hang from a supporting means positioned overhead.

750	.. Pivoted upright stanchion bar biased toward or away from neck-engaging position by spring or weight:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 738. Subject matter wherein one of the upright members is an upright shaft which swings into or out of contact with the neck region of the animal due to the force caused by a resilient member, a heavy member, or a heavy portion of the upright shaft itself.

751	. Holding crate or trap:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means restrains an animal in a substantially fixed position in an animal confining or capturing enclosure.

(1) Note. To be proper for this subclass the crate or trap must be used for more than just a mere housing, feeding, or milking purpose where restraining of the animal in a fixed position is not essential. The restraining of the animal in a fixed position may be necessary to enable shearing, branding, treatment by a veterinarian, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14.03+,	for a milking station arrangement used for the purpose of conducting and facilitating milking or in combination with another dairy operation, e.g., milk delivery, animal feeding, washing, exercising, etc.
15+,	for an animal confining or housing device such as a cage, coop, kennel, pen, or stall for confining an animal to a comparatively restricted area for protecting it against intruders, unfavorable conditions of weather, or for facilitating its care and management.
732+,	for a restraining crate having a head stock and movable clamping side member.

752	.. Having adjustable animal positioning or accommodating means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Subject matter wherein the animal confining or capturing enclosure includes a relatively maneuverable member for altering the location of the animal in the enclosure or for adapting to a feature of the animal, e.g., its size, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

732+,

for a restraining crate having a head stock and movable clamping side member which may position the animal within the crate.

753	. Platform (e.g., grooming table, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is an animal underlying body supporting surface or stage.

(1) Note. The platform may have a planar, curved, or irregular shaped surface, and may include means for changing the elevation of the animal for the purpose of placing the animal in a convenient position for the animal handler.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

722+,	for a tiltable support used as an animal restraint.
728,	for an animal suspending restraint.
843+,	for an animal elevator or moveable platform or conveyor for relocating an animal or for loading or unloading a means to transport an animal.

754	.. Having outwardly sloped, opposing planar side walls:

This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Subject matter wherein the animal underlying, supporting platform has flat upstanding border portions extending angularly away from, and opposite to, each other.

(1) Note. The side walls, due to their outward slopes, may support part or, if V-shaped, all of the body of the animal.

755	.. Having distinct limb restraint:

This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Subject matter wherein the animal underlying, supporting platform includes an individual armor leg clasping member which limits free movement of the arm or leg.

(1) Note. A stationary table having a body restraint which also clasps a limb of the animal is not proper for this subclass and is found elsewhere under subclass 753.

756	.. Having animal positioning restraint:

This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Subject matter wherein the animal underlying, supporting platform includes a body clasping member which helps the platform hold the body of the animal in a specific orientation.

(1) Note. The animal positioning restraint often helps support the animal on the table in a standing position, e.g., for a grooming or veterinary purpose, etc., but is not intended to supplant the table as the primary means of supporting the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

725+,

for a body sling which is intended to be the primary means of supporting the animal.

757	.. Having downwardly curved animal supporting portion:

This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Subject matter wherein the animal underlying, supporting platform has a generally U-shaped animal holding component.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

725+,	for a body sling having a flexible band or strand passing beneath the torso of an animal to suspend the animal in a hanging manner.
728,	for a restraint from which the animal is suspended in a hanging manner.

758	. Animal-carried hook or extension for engaging and preventing breaching or lifting of fence or barrier (e.g., poke, drag hook, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means includes an animal-supported projection (i.e., extension) having a proximal portion supported from an animal and a distal portion protruding away from or dragged by the animal, the distal portion being constructed and arranged to contact, hook onto, or otherwise interact with a barricade (e.g., fence, etc.) in order to either stop the progress of the animal or otherwise discourage the desire of the animal to pass through or over (i.e., breach) the barricade, or to prevent the animal from pushing upward (i.e., lifting) or otherwise tearing off a part of the barricade (e.g., fence wire, board, etc.).

(1) Note. The extension is usually of the nature of a lever-type arm or hooklike member that extends from the animal in a manner so as to increase the apparent size of the animal as "seen" by a fence, so as to engage the fence as the animal attempts to breach the fence. However, an extension can be in the form of, for example, an anchor like hook dragged by the animal via a tether so as to hook onto the fence if the animal does proceed to pass through or over a fence.

(2) Note. A device classifiable in this subclass should be distinguished from:

(a) a hitching device, where an animal is held fast to something other than the animal to prevent roaming; or

(b) a head-butting device, which may engage a fence and discourage pushing, ramming, or butting of the fence but does not rely upon an extension that increases the apparent size of the animal as "seen" by the fence.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

769+,	for hitching or tethering an animal.
815,	for restraining an animal from a neck lowering motion that normally accompanies a jumping action over a fence.
816+,	for a leg restraint to keep an animal from jumping.
837,	for preventing pushing or ramming of a fence by a head, face, or horn.

759	.. Having body piercing attachment as sole support from animal (e.g., nose ring, pin, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 758. Subject matter wherein the only means to support the extension from the animal is by means of an element adapted to protrude into the skin of the animal.

(1) Note. To be proper for this subclass, the skin piercing element must be for purposes of supporting the extension on or from the animal, as opposed to an ancillary purpose such as a punishment or pain inflicting means provided for elsewhere.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

761,	for a rigid extension that protrudes from a neck-encircling support with a further connection to a diverse body area, wherein the further connection may be skin piercing.
767,	for a rigid extension supported from the head, face, or muzzle area of an animal with a further connection to the animal that may be skin piercing.

760	.. Having rigid extension protruding from neck- encircling support (e.g., bar with bow or collar, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 758. Subject matter wherein the extension is a relatively stiff member (e.g., bar) intended to be supported for projection from an area of an animal between its ears and shoulder blades, exclusive, (i.e., neck), wherein the means to support the proximal portion of the extension to the neck of the animal includes a neck surrounding member (e.g., bow, collar, etc.).

(1) Note. The degree of stiffness required is only that stiffness necessary to stop the animal from passing through the fence, or the stiffness required to transmit sufficient force to, for example, a pain inflicting pricker or spur, as distinguished from, for example, a hook connected to the animal via a tether.

(2) Note. To be classified herein, the extension must have its most distally located support attachment point to the animal at a support located on the neck of the animal. That is, where an extension has plural points of attachment to an animal support, the most distal attachment point of the extension governs classification. Likewise, when the extension is supported from the neck and protrudes away from the animal between its ears or horns, classification is proper in this subclass based upon the support location and is not affected by the projection of the extension from an area other than the neck (i.e., between the ears or horns).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758,	for a drag hook or anchor adapted to engage a fence attached to an animal by a tether.
759,	for a poke having a rigid extension or hook with a skin piercing attachment to an animal.
766,	for a poke having a rigid extension supported from an animal"s head, face, ear, or horn.
856+,	for a collar, per se.

761	... Rigid extension having further connection to or support from diverse body area (e.g., nostril, leg, muzzle, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter including an additional animal attachment, other than the neck-encircling support, at a location other than the neck area.

(1) Note. For such a further attachment to a diverse body area of the animal to be classifiable in this subclass, it must not be the attachment most distally located on the extension, as set forth in the Note (2) of the previous subclass.

(2) Note. The additional attachment generally provides, for example, further stability for the support structure or a means to inflict discomfort to the animal, such as an attachment between the extension and a nose ring so that the extension will pull on the nose ring when the extension engages a fence.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

766,	for a poke having a rigid extension supported from an animal"s head, face, ear, or horn.

762	... Neck-encircling support having connected sections relatively pivotable upon fence engagement by rigid extension (e.g., jointed bow, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter wherein the neck-encircling support includes a plurality of joined portions (i.e., sections) that are constructed to hinge or bend with respect to one another when the extension engages a fence during an attempted breach.

(1) Note. Hinging or bending may be employed to, for example, activate a breach discouraging element such as a pricker, spur, nostril pull, etc.; or to reduce the cross-sectional area of the neck-encircling support to apply a choking pressure to the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758+,

for a poke having different construction that includes a pricker or spur.

763	... Rigid extension pivotally connected to neck- encircling support (e.g., pivoted bar, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter wherein the rigid extension is hingeably attached to the support or is otherwise adapted to bend with respect to the support when the distal portion of the extension engages a fence during an attempted breach.

(1) Note. Pivoting or bending may be employed to activate a breach discouraging element such as a pricker, spur, nostril pull, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758,	for a poke having a rigid extension pivotally connected to an area of the body other than the neck or head.
768,	for a poke having a rigid extension pivotally connected to a head support.

764	.... Sole extension supported below neck or head:

This subclass is indented under subclass 763. Subject matter having only one extension, wherein the one extension is rigid and is pivotally connected to the neck-encircling support in a hanging manner under the animal"s neck or head.

(1) Note. To be classifiable in this subclass, there must be only one extension of any kind for engaging a fence to prevent breach of the fence. An extension having plural spaced bars mounted to pivot in unison is considered to be a sole extension.

765	... Having pricker, spur, or electric shock element:

This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter including a breach discouraging element in the form of a sharply pointed objector a means for providing electric current to the animal, wherein the discouraging element is adapted to actively interact with the animal to discourage breaching when the rigid extension engages a fence during an attempted breach.

(1) Note. This subclass is not intended to provide for all neck-carried breach prevention devices including a pricker, spur, or electric shock element. A poke having other construction that employs a pricker, spur, or electric shock element is properly classified in an area providing for the other construction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758+,	for a poke of different construction that includes a pricker, spur, or electric shock element.
859,	for a collar including an electrical element.
908,	for electrical animal control or handling.

766	.. Having rigid extension protruding from head, face, or muzzle area of animal (e.g., bar and halter, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 758. Subject matter wherein the extension is a relatively stiff member (e.g., bar, hook, etc.) having its proximal attachment to an animal"s ear, horn, or any portion of its head between and including its ears and nose.

(1) Note. Where a rigid extension, i.e., bar, has more than one proximal connection to a support, especially where the connections include attachments to different areas of the body, classification is proper in this subclass when the most distally located connection of the bar is attached to the head. Likewise, if a bar attached to the head protrudes from another area of the body (e.g., between and through the ears or horns over the neck), classification is proper in this subclass based upon the support location and is not affected by the fact that the distal fence engaging portion of the bar is located closer to another area of the body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758,	for a poke having a rigid extension protruding from an area of the body other than the neck or head.
759,	for a poke having a rigid extension or hook with a shin piercing attachment to an animal.
760+,	for a poke having a rigid extension protruding from a neck support.

767	... Having connection to or support from nostril, horn, or ear:

	Subject matter under 766 including an attachment to a nostril, horn, or ear.

768	... Rigid extension pivotally connected to animal support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 766. Subject matter wherein the rigid extension is hingeably attached to or is otherwise adapted to bend with respect to the support from the animal when the distal portion of the extension engages a fence during an attempted breach.

(1) Note. Hinging or bending may be employed to activate a breach discouraging element such as a pricker, spur, nostril pull, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758,	for a poke having a rigid extension pivotally connected to an area of the body other than the neck or head.
763+,	for a poke having a rigid extension pivotally connected to a neck support.

769	. Hitching or tethering:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter including human or animal securing or the fastening of a human or animal utilizing a flexible or rigid elongated element as a rope, strap chain, or bar to keep it within certain bounds or radius.

(1) Note. Restraining a tail of an animal from switching back and forth by tethering it to a stationary object or a human is not considered "hitching" (see subclass 811).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

701,	for hitching means connecting an animal to a roundabout.
811,	for inhibiting tail switching by tethering.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclasses 115+ for a cord or rope holder.
54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclasses 6.1+ for a bridle, subclass 34 for a hitching strap, subclass 64 for a hitching strap holder and subclass 69 for an attaching or detaching device.

770	.. For a human being:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter wherein the securing means is an elongated element which is connected to a portion of the body of a first person or an item worn thereon.

(1) Note. The tether may be connected at one end to the person directly, or to a harness, a piece of clothing, or other item worn by the person. At its other end it may be connected to an anchoring structure or to another person in the manner of a leash. A tether in which the person is instructed to grasp a portion thereof voluntarily is included herein.

(2) Note. This subclass is the residual location for a tether for a human being. If a patent does not claim a specific use but discloses a use found elsewhere, e.g., in Classes 5, 128, 182, 224, 244, 280, 294, 297, 441, 472, etc., original classification should be in that class. A patent having plural disclosures, none of which are claimed, would be placed as an original in the superior class unless the classes involved have an established line therebetween which would control placement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, for a human body harness in combination with or constituting apparel, including a bib for an infant which may also be used to restrain the infant, and particularly subclasses 44 and 45 for a body brace or support, subclass 102 for vest apparel, and subclasses 300 through 342 for a garment supporter or retainer, e.g., subclass 311 for a belt having a handle which is worn by a motorcyclist so that a motorcycle passenger may grasp the handle as necessary.
5,	Beds, for a bed or bed accessory for a human body, particularly subclasses 600+ for a body harness used with an invalid bed or surgical support and subclasses 424+ for a restraint disclosed for protecting a person from injury or from rolling out of a bed.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, particularly subclasses 3+ for a torso harness disclosed for supporting a workman or for a rescue or escape operation and which may employ an anchoring tether.
224,	Package and Article Carriers, for a body harness for a living bearer combined with package and article carrying means, particularly subclass 158 for a carrier for a person and subclass 184 for means attached to a person for towing an object along a surface, e.g., a game animal, etc.
280,	Land Vehicles, particularly subclass 290 for a body harness for attaching a human occupant to an occupant-propelled wheeled vehicle and subclasses 801.1+ for a safety belt or harness combined with significant vehicle structure and used to prevent, restrain, or limit movement of a human occupant relative to the vehicle in the event of a sudden, unexpected movement.
297,	Chairs and Seats, particularly subclass 275 for a belt or garment restrainer with an oscillatory suspended baby jumper and subclasses 464+ for a body restrainer disclosed for confining a seated human occupant to a chair or seat, wherein the seat may be in a vehicle if no significant vehicle structure is claimed.
441,	Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices, particularly subclasses 80+ for a water rescue or life protecting apparatus for a person which may include tether structure.
472,	Amusement Devices, particularly subclasses 32+ for a roundabout having a suspended occupant or article carriage swinging about a vertical axis.

771	.. Attached to vehicle:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is connected to a load carrying travel conveyance.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

114,	Ships, particularly subclass 39.18 for a body harness designed to be connected to a sailboard-type marine vessel.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, the combination of significant aircraft structure with body harness, particularly subclass 122 for a device for holding an occupant to an aircraft seat.
280,	Land Vehicles, particularly subclass 290 for a body harness for attaching a human occupant to an occupant-propelled wheeled vehicle and subclasses 801.1+ for a safety belt or harness combined with significant vehicle structure and used to prevent, restrain, or limit movement of a human occupant relative to the vehicle in the event of a sudden, unexpected movement.
297,	Chairs and Seats, particularly subclasses 464+ for a body restrainer disclosed for confining a seated human occupant to a chair or seat, wherein the seat may be in a vehicle if no significant vehicle structure is claimed.

772	.. Releasing apparatus:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter including quick liberating apparatus for hitched animals.

(1) Note. Such apparatus is useful in case of barn fires, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15+,	for a confining and housing device, particularly subclass 16 for a barn or shed adapted to facilitate animal care and protection.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 69 for an attaching or detaching device.
74,	Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 2 for automatic operation or control (e.g., trips).

773	... With heat combustible or fusible actuating element:

This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Subject matter wherein the releasing mechanism is set in motion by high temperature (i.e., a barn fire) acting upon an element causing it to burn or melt.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

49,	Movable or Removable Closures, subclasses 1+ for a thermal release or actuator.

774	... With lead line:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Subject matter including means such as a line, chain, or wire for leading the liberated animals from a burning barn, for example.

775	... With sprayer:

This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Subject matter including a spraying system for contacting the animal with liquid to hasten its exit upon release from a barn fire, for example.

(1) Note. The spraying system may serve incidentally to protect the animal and to extinguish an adjacent fire.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

665+,

for antivermin treatment, dusting, and spraying.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

169,	Fire Extinguishers, subclasses 5+ for a fluid system, including a stationary sprinkling system.

776	... Tether-carried remote releasing device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Subject matter wherein a tether includes attaching apparatus to an animal halter or collar which is operable at a distance therefrom to unlock the tether.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 69 for an attaching or detaching device.

777	... Reciprocating bar:

This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Subject matter including apparatus in which endwise movement of a bar, rod, wire, or similar element is effective to release a hitching connection to an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

278,	Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, subclass 28 for a sliding pin or rod horse detacher.

778	.... With spring-biased locking member:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 777. Subject matter including a hitch engagement element which is urged into its nonreleasable position by a biasing member.

779	... Rotatable shaft:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Subject matter including apparatus in which rotation of a shaft is effective to release a hitched tethering means.

780	.. Rotary arm hitching device:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter wherein the hitching device includes a support such as a post or picket to which an armlike element is rotatably secured and to which a tether is attached for hitching purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, subclasses 30+ for tethered fixed-wing aircraft.
472,	Amusement Devices, subclasses 7+ for a toy-type roundabout having a rotary arm, tether, etc.

781	... With spring-biased tensioning:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 780. Subject matter including a biasing member connected with the rotary arm and operable to prevent undue slackening of a tether between the arm and an attached tethered animal.

782	... With weight-controlled tensioning:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 780. Subject matter including a member connected with the rotary arm which under gravity force is functionable to prevent undue slackening of a tether between the arm and an attached tethered animal.

783	.. Movement permitting stall hitching means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter for holding an animal in a protective chamber which includes an animal neck-engaging means connected to a movable or slidable means which serves to secure the animal while allowing movement of a portion of its body such as raising or lowering its head when standing or resting.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 34 for a hitching strap.

784	.. Traveler:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter wherein a tethered animal has its tether connected to a track follower which may travel the length of an elongated track allowing a substantial range of self-imparted movement or travel to the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

16,	Miscellaneous Hardware, subclasses 87+ for track hardware.
114,	Ships, subclasses 102.19 , 112, and 204 for a traveler.

785	... Including rolling element:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 784. Subject matter wherein the follower incorporates at least one component which travels the track while turning on an axis.

786	.. Portable stake or post:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter including a movably anchored upright support the upper part of which is constructed to securely hold one end of a tether.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

780+,

for an arm support often carried by a portable stake or post.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 155+ for a piercing or expanding earth anchor including a pole or post so equipped.
135,	Tent, Canopy, Umbrella, or Cane, subclass 118 for a stake used with portable shelter.

787	... Anti-entangling:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 786. Subject matter including a feature or device for preventing an animal tether from ensnaring itself around the animals legs or around the stake or post.

788	.. Stationary hitching post:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter including a permanently mounted upright support or subterranean anchor means being structured to serve as a tether supporting hitching device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 831 through 857for an elongated rigid member of more general application.

789	... Automatic take-up:

This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Subject matter including an automatic tether retraction means operable when a contained tether is pulled from a post for hitching use to maintain the tether taut or to withdraw it into the post.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

780+,

for means causing a rotary arm to take up slack to a tether.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 385.1+ for a reeling device having a spring motor and a lock against winding that is responsive to movement of the wound material.

790	... Disappearing:

This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Subject matter including a hitching post or similar tether supporting device which is provided with a below ground casing in order to retract the post below ground into the casing when not in use.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 351+ for a device to hold an article or thing from falling against the action of gravity.

791	... Tether holding attachment:

This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Subject matter including means mounted upon a hitching post for securing a tether thereto.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclasses 115+ for a cord or rope holder.

792	.. Tether and animal securing means (e.g., collar, harness, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. Subject matter including a tether combined with a device or element which encloses and fastens the neck or body part of an animal.

(1) Note. Included herein are devices known as "cattle ties" which include a neck-engaging device with tether attached to anchor the animal limiting its movement.

(2) Note. A tether may be disclosed in the patents found in Classes 5, 128, 182, 224, 244, 280, 294, 297, 441, and 472, especially in the subclasses thereof described in the search notes of subclass 770.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

856+,	for a body- or appendage-encircling collar or band (e.g., neck collar, leg band, etc.).
866,	for a nose lead ring.

793	... Unitary type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 792. Subject matter wherein one end portion of the unitary tether is structured to at least partially enclose and fasten the neck or body of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

864,	for a slip or choke collar.

794	... With retractable-reel wound collar mounted tether:

This subclass is indented under subclass 792. Subject matter wherein the tether is wound on a collar supported spool which may be spring powered, for example, to pay out or retract the tether to the desired extent.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 370+ for a reeling device of general use.

795	.. Tether:

This subclass is indented under subclass 769. A strap or chain, or the like, fastened to an animal and used to lead the animal or to secure it so as to limit its range.

(1) Note. A tether may be disclosed in the patents found in Classes 5, 128, 182, 224, 244, 280, 294, 297, 441, and 472, especially in the subclasses thereof described in the search notes of subclass 770.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 34 for a hitching strap.

796	... Retractable-reel wound:

This subclass is indented under subclass 795. Subject matter wherein the tether is wound on a spool which may be spring powered, for example, to pay out or retract the tether to the desired extent.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

242,	Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 371+ for spring wound reel.

797	... Adjustable length:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 795. Subject matter including a tether having apparatus structured to change the animal controlling extent thereof.

798	... Extensible:

This subclass is indented under subclass 795. Subject matter wherein the tether may be extended along its length by means of a device such as a spring or the inherent stretchability of the tether material of manufacture.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

473,

Games Using Tangible Projectile, subclasses 417+ for a means removably supporting a projectile (which may be tethered) in a position to be struck and thereby projected by a player of a playing field or court game, and subclasses 423+ for a practice or training device for a playing field or court game which involves a tethered projectile or a simulation thereof.

799	... Rigid type (e.g., nose ring staff, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 795. Subject matter wherein the tether is substantially inflexible or includes structure which may transform it between a flexible and inflexible condition.

(1) Note. A tether having a substantially rigid controlling portion which may be combined with a flexible portion is found here.

800	. Lip or nose twitch:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is used to inhibit movement of the animal by applying pressure to a fleshy, mouth-surrounding area, i.e., a lip area, or a nostril area of the animal.

(1) Note. While the lip or nose twitch applies pressure directly to the lip or nose of the animal it is used to inhibit more than just the lip or nose. It is usually used to inhibit the entire animal from moving while it is being worked upon, e.g., during shoeing, treating, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

821+,	for an animal-carried mouth or throat restraint.
834+,	for an animal-carried snout restraint.
866,	for a nose ring or clip.

801	. Handheld catching and holding tool:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is a hand-carried implement which may be manipulated by a human user to both capture and to inhibit movement of the animal.

(1) Note. A catching and holding tool usually has an animal engaging portion which embraces some part of the animal while being readily removable from the animal without inflicting injury.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

717,	for a hand held catching and holding tool restricted to or specifically designed to catch and hold a bird.
751+,	for a holding crate or trap for controlling an animal.
769+,	for a hitching device used to secure or tether an animal, e.g., a leash, tie, staff for leading an animal by a nose ring, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, particularly subclasses 58+ for a trap for a burglar or an animal which is not domesticated.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, particularly subclasses 106+ for a similarly used grapple tool having a pivoted jaw.

802	.. Loop:

This subclass is indented under subclass 801. Subject matter wherein the hand-carried implement uses an animal body member encircling component to capture and inhibit movement of the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

606,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 121+ for a parturition assistance device having a loop and subclass 136 for an animal sterilization device which does so by application of a looplike device which crushes when actuated.

803	... Having loop take-up along associated shaft:

This subclass is indented under subclass 802. Subject matter wherein the hand-carried implement includes structure which reduces the size of the body member encircling component, i.e., the size of the loop, by moving a portion of it in or adjacent to an elongated, rigid member attached thereto.

(1) Note. The loop take-up is not necessarily parallel to the associated shaft but should be in the same general direction.

804	.... Having position holding means:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Subject matter wherein the hand-carried implement includes structure for retaining the body member encircling component portion in a fixed position after it has moved in or adjacent to the elongated, rigid member.

805	... Lariat:

This subclass is indented under subclass 802. Subject matter wherein the body member encircling component is a long ropelike member with a running noose, e.g., a lasso, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., particularly subclasses 115+ for a cord or rope holder.

806	.. Grasping tongs:

This subclass is indented under subclass 801. Subject matter wherein the hand-carried implement employs opposing, pivotally joined arms to clasp the animal.

(1) Note. A hook having a pivoted latching member to prevent escape of the animal being caught and held is classified elsewhere since the latching member pivots primarily to completely encircle the animal or part thereof rather than to grasp it.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

799,	for a nose ring lead staff.
808,	for a hook having a pivoted cooperating latching member for catching and holding an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

81,	Tools, particularly subclasses 300+ for a tool jaw positioned by relatively movable plural handles, e.g., pliers, etc.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, particularly subclasses 8.5 , 10, 11, and 86.4+ for a tong-type implement for handling an object in general.
606,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 119+ for an obstetrical tong-type instrument.

807	... Cable actuated:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 806. Subject matter wherein the arms are caused to pivot relative to each other by pulling on a ropelike member attached to one of the arms.

808	.. Having cooperating latching member:

This subclass is indented under subclass 801. Subject matter wherein the hand-carried implement has an interrelated fastening element for preventing escape of the captured and inhibited animal therefrom.

(1) Note. A device of this type is often in the form of a hook having a cooperating latching member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

776,	for a hitching device which may have a hook-shaped portion provided with a releasing mechanism.

809	. For inhibiting tail switching:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means obstructs or discourages undesirable whipping movement of a caudal appendage, i.e., a tail, of an animal.

(1) Note. A device of this type may be used to prevent a cow from striking a milk pail or a person milking the cow and thus is often called a "cow tail holder".

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., particularly subclasses 455+ for a clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof in general.
54,	Harness for Working Animal, particularly subclass 78 for an animal tail holder of general or decorative application or for inhibiting tail switching but combined with harness for a working animal.
269,	Work Holders, particularly subclasses 86+ for a work holder having relatively movable jaws for clamping, supporting, or holding an article in position to be operated on or treated. See section IV under the Class 269 class definition for related work holder locations in other classes.
297,	Chairs and Seats, particularly subclass 176 for a stool used when milking an animal combined with a tail guard or holder.

810	.. Combined with leg restraint:

This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the means for inhibiting tail switching further includes means for incumbering or discouraging leg movement of the same animal.

(1) Note. A typical use for the subject matter of this class is for preventing kicking or bucking during a cow milking procedure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

816,	for an animal-carried device for limiting use of a leg of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 78 for a harness provided for in that class combined with a tail holder.

811	.. Having flexible band or strand portion (e.g., tail tethered to another object):

This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the limiting means includes a readily bendable, elongated component, e.g., a strap, cord, chain, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

769+,

for a hitching device used to limit the travel of an animal.

812	.. Having one-piece clamping jaws:

This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the limiting means has clasping, tail engaging members made from a single piece of material.

(1) Note. The overall device may be made from more than one piece of material provided the members engaging the tail are made from the same piece of material.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., particularly subclasses 545+ for a clasp, clip, or support clamp having opposed engaging faces formed from a single piece of resilient material and subclasses 570+ if formed from a single rigid piece of material.

813	.. Having clamping jaws biased by coil spring:

This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Subject matter wherein the limiting means has clasping, tail engaging members resiliently urged toward each other by an elongated filament wound or molded in the form of at least two complete, similarly shaped loops successively coiled around a common central axis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

812,	for a tail switch inhibiting device having one piece clamping jaws which may be biased by a separate or integral coil spring.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., particularly subclasses 530+ for a clasp, clip, or support clamp having a coiled portion or member for resiliently biasing its opposing engaging faces.

814	. Inhibiting use or movement of specific body part other than tail by restraint carried solely by animal (e.g., for ear, head, foot, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is supported only by the body of the animal (i.e., animal carried) for obstructing, discouraging, or otherwise preventing a particular portion of its body other than its tail from accomplishing an action involving that particular portion of the body.

(1) Note. The animal carrying the restraining device is always the animal being restrained. While the device is typically carried on a part of the body which is to be restrained, e.g., a mouth restraint is usually carried on the muzzle of the animal, etc., this subclass array also provides for a device which is located on another part of the body from that being restrained, e.g., a neck-carried mouth or leg restraint, etc., the classification of which is governed by the particular area of the body to be restrained. A device carried on one animal to protect it from an external source, e.g., dirt, a disease, an insect, another animal, etc., is considered to be a shield and is classified elsewhere.

(2) Note. Classification should be based upon what part of the body is being physically restrained whenever possible. If that is not clear, then the part of the body being functionally restrained should be determined. For example, a device that prevents the neck of an animal from being turned a sufficient amount to bite or nurse itself would be considered a neck-restraining device while a similar device which permits neck movement but still prevents the animal from biting or nursing itself would be considered a mouth restraint.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

725+,	for a body sling for an animal.
729+,	for a head or neck stock for immobilizing an animal.
769+,	for a controlling device which restrains an animal, or specific body part thereof, by securing it to an anchoring structure, another animal, or a human being.
800,	for a lip or nose twitch which controls an animal by applying pressure to its lip or nose but which is used to control more than just the lip or nose, such as to inhibit an entire animal from moving while it is being worked upon, e.g., during shoeing, treating, etc.
809+,	for inhibiting tail switching.
850+,	for a body-carried shield used to protect an animal from an external source, e.g., dirt, disease, another animal, etc.
856+,	for a body-encircling collar or band which may be used in combination with another element to control or restrain.
907,	for a harness of general utility.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

128,	Surgery, subclasses 869+ for a body restrainer or immobilizer.
606,	Surgery, subclasses 204.15+ for an external pressure applicator applied to the head of an animal, particularly subclass 204.55 for a horn bender for an animal.

815	.. Neck (e.g., limiting of head lifting, turning, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means discourages or otherwise limits an animal from bending its spine in the area between the shoulders and the head (i.e., neck) to prevent the animal carrying the limiting means from lowering, lifting, or turning around its head.

(1) Note. This subclass provides for prevention of neck bending to prevent an animal from, for example, turning its head around to bite or nurse itself, etc.; or to inhibit motion of the neck and head that is associated with other actions to be prevented such as, for example, head lowering prior to jumping. Prevention of neck bending should be distinguished from neck shielding or protecting provided for elsewhere, as well as preventing, by use of a neck carried device, a leg from reaching past the neck to, for example, scratch an ear, which is considered to be a leg restraint.

(2) Note. A collar, per se, which is provided for elsewhere, is not proper for this subclass unless it is capable of preventing neck bending.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

729+,	for a head or neck stock.
738+,	for a stanchion.
758+,	particularly subclasses 760+, for a poke having an extension supported from a neck prevent an animal from breaching a fence.
769+,	for hitching or tethering an animal"s neck to another object.
821+,	for limiting use of a mouth or throat.
837,	for a device to prevent an animal from using its head or face to butt or push.
855,	for a neck or throat protective shield or apparel.
856+,	for a collar, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

128,	Surgery, subclasses 870+ for a body-type restrainer or immobilizer.

816	.. Leg or arm (e.g., hopple, fetter, suspended trammel, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means restricts, encumbers, discourages, or otherwise prevents full use or movement of an animal limb other than a wing (i.e., leg or arm), or any foot, toe, hand, claw, etc., appended to the limb.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are animal-carried devices in addition to those directly attachable to a limb, such as a weight, bar, etc. (i.e., trammel), attachable to an animal via a collar or the like in such a way that the trammel will flail about and strike the animal"s legs or other body portion as it runs, jumps, or performs other undesired actions involving its limbs, to thereby discourage such actions.

(2) Note. Also included in this subclass is a neck-carried barrier or shield for preventing a foot from reaching past the neck to, for example, scratch an ear, which should be distinguished from a device provided for elsewhere such as a neck carried device to prevent a neck from bending or a mouth from reaching an area of the same animal to, for example, prevent self biting; or a protective shield in the form of a cover for a localized area of the body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

714,	for a restraint for a bird worn on its body.
726,	for a body sling with a leg restraint.
755,	for a stationary table having a distinct limb restraint.
758,	for a poke having an animal carried extension adapted to engage a fence to prevent jumping over the fence.
769+,	for hitching or tethering an animal to keep it from roaming.
810,	for prevention of tail switching combined with leg restraint.
815,	for prevention of neck bending.
821,	for limiting use of a mouth.
850,	for a protective cover or shield for a localized area of the body.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, for a harness provided for in that class combined with a leg restraint.
70,	Locks, subclasses 15+ for a fetter or shackle having a lock.
128,	Surgery, subclass 882 for a leg or foot restraint.

817	... Joint restraint:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried leg or arm limiting means is connected to an animal"s limb on both sides of an attachment of two limb bones (i.e., joint) to discourage, inhibit, or otherwise limit relative pivotal movement of the two limb bones at the joint.

818	... Leg or arm connected to diverse area of body (e.g., to collar, halter, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried leg or arm limiting means includes structure attachable both to a leg or arm and to a different portion of the animal other than the same leg or arm to limit movement of the leg or arm with respect to the different portion of the animal.

(1) Note. Connection of a leg or arm to a different portion of the body may be made by tethering the leg or arm to a harness, saddle, collar, or other similar claimed or unclaimed diverse structure mounted on or supported from the different portion of the body, and the diverse structure may serve a purpose other than leg or arm restraint, the only requirement being that the leg or arm limiting structure have some capability of being connected to the diverse structure such as by a hook, buckle, or even by tying.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

815,	for a neck restraint that utilizes a connection between the head or neck area and a leg or arm to limit head or neck bending.
819,	for a limb restraint that includes a connection between two or more limbs of the same animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

128,	Surgery, subclasses 878+ for an arm or hand restrainer or immobilizer, and subclasses 882+ for a leg or foot restrainer or immobilizer.

819	.... Connected to different limb (e.g., shackle, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 818. Subject matter wherein the different portion of the body to which the leg or arm is attached is a different limb of the same animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 72 for a harness provided for in that class combined with a leg spreader.
70,	Locks, subclass 18 for a shackle having a combined lock.

820	... Pressure application (e.g., clamp for tendon, flank, hip, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried leg or arm limiting means includes means for applying localized pressure to an area of an animal"s body to limit or discourage leg or arm movement.

(1) Note. Pressure application is typically performed by utilizing jaws of a clamp to squeeze a localized area of a body such as a tendon, etc.

(2) Note. The pressure is not limited to pressure applied to a limb, such as a limb tendon or muscle, etc., but may be applied to an area other than the limb, such as a flank, hip, loin, etc., so long as it functions to limit or discourage movement of a limb.

(3) Note. The applied pressure is the restraint and not a mere vehicle for attaching (i.e., clamping) a restraining means to the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

728,	for a clamp used to attach an animal suspending device to an animal.

821	.. Mouth or throat (e.g., weaning, antibiting, anticribbing, antiwindsucking, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means restricts, encumbers, discourages, or otherwise prevents full use or movement of a jaw, tooth, tongue, or esophagus (i.e., mouth or throat).

(1) Note. Subject matter classified here and in indented subclasses includes, but is not limited to, such functions as prevention of biting, cribbing, or windsucking; regulation of grazing; weaning; etc.

(2) Note. Prevention of neck bending to prevent self-biting or self-nursing, etc., is provided for elsewhere. See the search notes below.

(3) Note. A shield or cover for a localized area of the body which will prevent self biting of the covered area as well as provide a physical barrier to the localized area from another element, object, or animal, is considered to be a protective shield provided for elsewhere and not a mouth restraint for this subclass. Similarly, an udder cover for a cow is considered to be a protective shield and not a mouth restraint for a calf.

(4) Note. A device carried by an animal to be weaned that includes a pricker or spur intended to prick a nursing mother and discourage her from allowing the animal to be weaned from approaching her is considered to be a mouth limiting means appropriate for this and indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

815,	for prevention of neck bending to prevent self-biting, self-nursing, etc.
850+,	for a protective shield, particularly subclass 852 for an udder or teat shield.

822	... Having magnet or electrical element:

This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried mouth or throat limiting means employs a magnetic element or an element for applying electrical energy to an animal.

(1) Note. The electrical energy is not necessarily applied to the animal wearing the limiting means. It may, for example, be applied to shock the animal"s mother in a weaning function.

(2) Note. A magnet may be supported in front of an animal"s mouth, for example, to catch a nail or other ferrous object to keep the animal from swallowing it.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

859,	for an animal collar having an electrical element.
908+,	for application of electricity to an animal to control or handle the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

600,	Surgery, subclasses 9+ for application of magnetism to an animal for a medical purpose and subclasses 300+ for diagnostic application of electrical energy to an animal.
604,	Surgery, subclass 20 for electrical application combined with therapeutic material introduction or removal.
606,	Surgery, subclasses 32+ for electrical application to an animal for surgical purposes.

823	... Mouth obstruction responsive to head position (e.g., baffle, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means includes a plate, screen, or other barrier (i.e., obstruction) mountable on an animal in such a way as to physically block at least a portion of the opening of the animal"s mouth, and the obstruction is further adapted to be movable into or out of its mouth blocking position as a function of the location or elevation (i.e., position) of the animal"s head.

(1) Note. The mouth obstruction may move in response to gravity as the head raises or lowers or by, for example, structure connected between the obstruction and an other part of the animal to respond to head movement relative to the other part of the animal, for purposes such as, for example, allowing grazing or desired eating action in a lowered head position while preventing nursing, biting, crop eating, etc., in a raised head position. Further, the baffle may have relatively movable sections that cooperate to form an obstruction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

831+,

for a static muzzle that blocks the mouth opening or limits jaw movement.

824	.... Nostril attached:

This subclass is indented under subclass 823. Subject matter wherein the movable obstruction includes structure adapted to be positioned within the animal"s nostrils or connected to the cartilage between the nostrils.

(1) Note. There may be other diverse support structure in addition to the nostril attachment.

(2) Note. The support structure is usually attachable to the nostrils or cartilage in such a way as to allow pivotal movement of the obstruction into or out of blocking position as the animal changes its head position, but is not so limited.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758+,	for a poke having support from or attachment to a nostril.
821,	for a mouth or throat limiting means attachable to a nostril other than a head responsive obstruction or one including a pricker or spur.
830,	for a mouth or throat limiting means attachable to a nostril that includes a pricker or spur.
834+,	for a snout restraint attachable to a nostril.
866,	for a nose ring, per se.

825	..... Having pricker or spur:

This subclass is indented under subclass 824. Subject matter wherein the nostril attachable mouth obstruction responsive to head position or its support structure includes a sharply pointed element (i.e., pricker or spur) extending therefrom.

(1) Note. The pricker or spur is arranged to stab either another animal (e.g., animal"s mother) or the animal carrying the obstruction when undesired behavior such as nursing is performed by the animal carrying the obstruction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758+,	for a poke including a pricker or spur.
826,	for a mouth obstruction responsive to head position that includes a pricker or spur and is not attached to the nostrils.
828+,	for a mouth or throat limiting means including a pricker or spur other than a mouth obstruction responsive to head position.
855,	for a neck or throat protector including a pricker or spur.
862,	for a collar including a pricker or spur.

826	.... Having pricker or spur:

This subclass is indented under subclass 823. Subject matter wherein the head responsive mouth obstruction or any other structure associated with the obstruction (e.g., support structure) includes a sharply pointed member (i.e., pricker or spur) extending therefrom.

(1) Note. The pricker or spur is arranged to stab either another animal (e.g., animal"s mother) or the animal carrying the obstruction when undesired behavior such as nursing is performed by the animal carrying the obstruction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758+,	for a poke including a pricker or spur.
825,	for a mouth obstruction responsive to head position including a pricker or spur that is supported from a nostril.
828+,	for a mouth or throat limiting means including a pricker or spur other than a head responsive mouth obstruction.
855,	for a neck or throat protector including a pricker or spur.
862,	for a collar including a pricker or spur.

827	.... Having cage or meshlike obstruction:

This subclass is indented under subclass 823. Subject matter wherein the mouth obstruction is constructed of a plurality of bars, wires, straps, chains, or other similar elongated elements joined together in a spaced array (i.e., cage).

(1) Note. The elongated elements may be rigid or nonrigid.

(2) Note. The mouth obstruction may be a single cage movable into or out of blocking position or a plurality of cage sections movable into blocking position such as, for example, hingeably connected cage sections that pivot together as a function of head position to form an obstruction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

832,	for a static muzzle having a cage or meshlike construction.

828	... Having pricker or spur:

This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried mouth or throat limiting means includes a sharply pointed element extending therefrom.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

758+,	for a poke including a pricker or spur.
825,	for a mouth obstruction responsive to head position that is supported from a nostril and includes a pricker or spur.
826,	for a mouth obstruction responsive to head position that includes a pricker or spur and is not attached to a nostril.
829,	for a mouth or throat limiting means having a self-directed pricker or spur.
855,	for a neck or throat protector including a pricker or spur.
862,	for a collar including a pricker or spur.

829	.... Self-directed:

This subclass is indented under subclass 828. Subject matter wherein the pricker or spur is mounted in such a way that its sharp point is arranged to stab or prick the animal carrying the mouth or throat limiting means.

(1) Note. Devices in this subclass operate to stab or prick the animal being controlled such as during a weaning process when an animal presses its muzzle against the underside of its mother to nurse.

(2) Note. While the self-directed pricker has a purpose of stabbing the animal wearing the pricker or spur, to be classifiable in this subclass, the pricker must be directed towards the animal as supported, as opposed to a pricker or spur directed away from the animal"s body that is meant to prick the animal wearing the restraint upon conditions such as self nursing, self biting, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

828,	for a mouth restraint having a pricker or spur directed away from the animal"s body that may have the purpose of stabbing the animal supporting it.
829,	for a snout restraint having a self-directed pricker or spur.
837,	for a head, face, or horn restraint having a self-directed pricker or spur.

830	.... Having attachment to or support from nostril:

This subclass is indented under subclass 828. Subject matter wherein the mouth or throat limiting means with a pricker or spur includes structure adapted to be placed within an animal"s nostrils or connected to the cartilage between the nostrils.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

824+,

for a nostril attachable mouth obstruction responsive to head position.

831	... Having muzzle-encircling jaw restraint or mouth obstruction (e.g., muzzle, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried mouth or throat limiting means includes structure adapted to be mounted around or in front of an animal"s upper and lower jaws to limit separation between the upper and lower jaws,or to physically block at least a portion of the mouth opening.

(1) Note. The muzzle-encircling restraint actually performs the jaw restraining or mouth obstructing function, as opposed to being a mere support for a restraint.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

823+,

for a mouth obstruction responsive to head position.

832	.... Having cage or meshlike structure:

This subclass is indented under subclass 831. Subject matter wherein the muzzle-encircling restraint or mouth obstruction is constructed of a plurality of bars, wires, straps, chains, or other similar elongated members joined together in a spaced array (i.e., cage).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

827,	for a mouth obstruction responsive to head position having a cage construction.

833	... Mouth-inserted element (e.g., weaning bit, tooth plate, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried mouth or throat limiting means includes structure intended to be placed between or inside of an animal"s upper and lower jaws.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass is a mouth-inserted element that may itself provide, for example:

(a) a mouth or throat limiting function such as, for example, a bar that superficially resembles a bridle bit but is designed to prevent the tongue from lifting or otherwise prevent creation of suction (e.g., weaning bit, etc.), or a tooth plate to prevent a horse from scraping its teeth on its stall, e.g., cribbing); or

(b) a function of support or retention for a mouth or throat limiting means such as, for example, a muzzle-encircling restraint having an attached bar adapted to pass through the mouth behind the teeth to keep the restraint from slipping off the muzzle.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

822+,	for a mouth obstruction responsive to head position.
831+,	for a muzzle-encircling restraint or mouth obstruction.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclasses 7+ for a bridle bit.
128,	Surgery, subclass 863 for a breath deflector.

834	.. Snout (e.g., antirooter, pig ring, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means includes means for discouraging or otherwise limiting an animal from using the most forward portion of its muzzle at or around the nostril area an undesired action such as, for example, digging or rooting.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

655,	for a member intended to pass through the skin of an animal to attach a antivermin or cleaning member to the animal: e.g., for an insecticide dispensing ear tag.
758+,	for a nostril attached fence breach prevention device (e.g., poke, etc.).
821+,	for a nostril attached mouth or throat limiting means.
837,	for a head, face, or horn limiting means.

835	... One-piece element:

This subclass is indented under subclass 834. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried snout limiting means is constructed of a single (i.e., one-piece) element absent any relatively movable parts.

(1) Note. The one-piece element can be manufactured from a plurality of elements brought together in such a way as to form a single element, such as by brazing, etc., or can be a single element that is bent into a desired shape.

(2) Note. Relatively movable elements include, for example, an element that is pivotable with respect to a support element; but does not include an element that is bent during application of the element to the animal.

836	.. Eye (e.g., blinder, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means obstructs or discourages an eyeball of the animal from being fully used, e.g., by obscuring a line of sight of the animal, etc.

(1) Note. A blinder attached to a bridle of an animal for a draft, work, or training purpose is excluded from this subclass.

(2) Note. A device which obscures a line of sight of the animal is often used to prevent fence jumping or fighting between animals, or to render the animal more easily controllable in case of fire, accident, or when being trained.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, particularly subclasses 10+ for a blind attached to a bridle of an animal for a draft, work, or training purpose.

837	.. Head, face, or horn (e.g., prevention of butting, goring, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means includes means for discouraging or otherwise limiting use of the part of its body on top of or in front of its neck (i.e., head), especially, but not exclusive to, the crown portion of the head, the facial portion generally including the upper muzzle between the nose and the eyes, and the horn or horns.

(1) Note. This subclass is intended to provide for limiting the part of the head not provided for elsewhere. See the search notes below for other head limiting means such as mouth, throat, eye, or snout limiting means.

(2) Note. This subclass includes such a device that, for example, discourages or prevents an animal from using its head to push or butt, or from using its horn(s) to gore another animal or object.

(3) Note. Devices mentioned in the preceding note should be distinguished from a poke provided for elsewhere that includes an extension from the animal that is intended to interact with a fence or barrier, wherein the extension increases the apparent size of the animal as "seen" by the fence; i.e., the extension hooks onto the fence or is otherwise "caught" by the fence as the animal attempts to fit through the fence or jump over it, due to the fact that the extension usually extends generally transversely to the axis of the spine of the animal; which should be distinguished from a device provided for in this subclass that does not generally extend from the body in such a manner as to increase the size of the animal as "seen" by the fence or other object that the animal pushes or butts.

(4) Note. Subject matter provided for in this subclass should be distinguished from an animal-carried device provided for elsewhere that restrains the neck from bending to prevent its head from lifting or turning.

(5) Note. Limiting use of a horn should be distinguished from a cover for a horn provided for elsewhere that protects the horn or protects others from the tip of the horn by, for example, blunting or softening the horn.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

729+,	for a head or neck stock.
738+,	for a stanchion.
758+,	for a poke having an extension connected to the head to prevent an animal from breaching or lifting a fence.
815,	for an animal-carried neck limiting means to prevent head lifting or turning.
821+,	for a mouth or throat limiting means (e.g., muzzle), especially subclass 829 for a mouth restraint that prevents the type of incidental head or face butting that normally accompanies nursing.
834+,	for a snout limiting means (e.g., hog or pig ring).
851,	for a protective cover for a horn.

838	.. Male sex organ:

This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter wherein the animal-carried limiting means obstructs or discourages use of the penis of a male animal.

(1) Note. A sexual restraint which is inserted into the body of an animal, e.g., intravaginal, surgically implanted, etc., is excluded from this subclass. See the search notes below.

(2) Note. A device proper for this subclass may limit reproductive or other related activity, e.g., copulation, masturbation, etc. of a male animal. A device referred to as a stallion shield or guard which is used for this purpose is proper for this subclass. A shield used to protect the genital area of an animal from harm from an external source, e.g., dirt, disease, an insect, an enemy, etc. is not considered to control the animal wearing it and thus is classified elsewhere. Similarly, a shield worn by a female animal to act as a barrier to sexual intercourse with a male or to nursing is also not considered to control the female wearing it and is provided for elsewhere. See the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

850+,

for a body-carried shield used to protect an animal from an external source, e.g., dirt, disease, an insect, an enemy, etc., particularly subclass 852 for an animal-carried shield for covering an udder or teat, e.g., to prevent nursing, etc., and subclass 854 for a female-carried sexual barrier. See the (2) Note above.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

128,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 883+ for a sexual restraint which is worn on or in the body of a human or which is inserted into the body an animal. See the (1) Note above.

839	. Device simulates animal (e.g., steer, calf, etc.) for training a pursuing or regulating horse:

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter wherein the limiting means is used to imitate some feature of an animal, e.g., a calf, etc., for teaching a desired behavior to a chasing or controlling equine animal, i.e., a horse.

(1) Note. The simulator may be used, for example, to train a horse how to guide, i.e., "cut", a steer from a herd, how to get in the proper position to allow the rider to rope a calf, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

273,	Amusement Devices: Games, particularly subclasses 359+ for a moving target device for an aerial projectile.
434,	Education and Demonstration, particularly subclass 225 for subject matter related to teaching a human being the occupations of farming, ranching, or occupations otherwise related to an animal.

840	. Stock sorting (e.g., cutting gate, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter for classifying, separating, or grouping animals (i.e., sorting) according to size or kind of animal.

(1) Note. The sorting may be done manually, automatically, or by the animal itself, such as by use of a barrier with an opening that only a small animal can freely pass while leaving a larger animal confined.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

209,	Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, appropriate subclasses, for sorting in general.

841	.. By height:

This subclass is indented under subclass 840. Subject matter wherein the sorting is performed based upon an animal"s vertical extent above the ground.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass is subject matter wherein sorting by weight is performed by estimating or assuming weight from a height determination.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

842,	for sorting by an actual determination of weight of an animal

842	.. By weight determination:

This subclass is indented under subclass 842. Subject matter wherein the sorting includes a measurement of the heaviness of an animal.

(1) Note. To be classifiable in this subclass, an actual weight determination must be performed as opposed to an estimation or assumption of weight by another factor such as width, height, etc., of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

840,	for animal sorting by weight when weight is estimated or assumed by a factor other than the height of an animal or an actual determination of its weight.
841,	for animal sorting by weight estimated or assumed by the height of an animal.

843	. Animal relocating, loading or unloading (e.g., gangway, chute, conveyor, turntable, elevator, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter for carrying, directing, or otherwise assisting or managing the movement of an animal from one location to another (i.e., relocating).

(1) Note. Relocation involves bodily transfer of an animal, and can be either horizontal or vertical transfer (i.e., elevating). Vertical transfer should be distinguished from mere suspension intended to support or hang an animal in the same geos:graphic location, which is provided for elsewhere. However, such suspension is properly cross-referenced into this subclass when it is combined with, for example, a turntable or conveyor to transfer the suspended animal to a another area or operating station. An example of elevating for a relocation function is the lifting of an animal from the ground to a loading dock or stock car of higher elevation.

(2) Note. Implicit under the class definition is the requirement that relocation of a live animal be performed in a manner intended to maintain the animal generally alive or unharmed. However, this and indented subclasses are intended to provide for the removal of a sick or dead animal from one area to another, for example, as in the removal of a dead animal from living quarters for disposal.

(3) Note. Relocation can be performed by physically carrying the animal without its assistance, or by merely providing an avenue or guide by which the animal may use to relocate itself, such as by walking over a fenced gangway, ramp, etc., or by being guided or funnelled into a chute.

(4) Note. This subclass provides for loading and unloading of a crate or other means for relocating an animal not provided for elsewhere, but does not provide for a crate, housing, or vehicle, per se. Further, while this subclass provides for loading or unloading an animal crate, etc., once the animal or animals are loaded, the crate becomes an article, the handling of which may become appropriate subject matter for another class providing for article handling, depending upon the nature of the handling.

(5) Note. An animal conveyor claimed nominally as such is proper for this class, except for a conveyor used in a butchering operation. A conveyor of general utility that is disclosed but not claimed as an animal conveyor is proper for an other class providing for the conveyor. However, a conveyor having claimed structure that is disclosed but not claimed as being solely useful for contacting, controlling, handling, or otherwise aiding in the relocation of an animal while being conveyed is proper for this and indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

7+,	for a stock car specifically adapted to house and transport an animal.
17+,	for a cage for transporting an animal, especially subclass 20 for a pen or rack, e.g., corral.
200+,	particularly subclasses 201+ for transporting an aquatic animal.
700,	for a treadmill.
701,	for a roundabout.
716,	for suspending a bird.
727,	for a wheeled body sling.
728,	for suspending an animal other than a bird.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

14,	Bridges, subclasses 69.5+ and the search notes thereto, for a gangway.
114,	Ships, subclass 362 for a ship boarding aid generally limited for use by personnel.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, appropriate subclasses.
193,	Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, for a nonpower driven conveyor, chute, or skid of general utility.
198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, for a power driven conveyor having utility other than the conveyance of an animal.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, subclass 137.1 for loading of airplane cargo.
296,	Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops, subclasses 57.1+ for a vehicle having a downwardly swinging end-gate usable as a loading ramp for the vehicle.
406,	Conveyors: Fluid Current, for a fluid current conveyor of general utility other than the conveyance of an animal.
414,	Material or Article Handling, for loading or unloading of a ship or other vehicle with handling of material other than an animal, such as a crate, etc., which may contain an animal.
452,	Butchering, subclass 53 for conveying a live animal to slaughtering apparatus, and subclasses 177+ for conveying a carcass in a butchering operation.

844	.. Fluid current conveyor (e.g., pneumatic poultry loader, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 843. Subject matter wherein a flow of gas or liquid is employed to relocate an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

406,	Conveyors: Fluid Current, for a fluid current conveyor of general utility.

845	.. Endless-loop conveyor:

This subclass is indented under subclass 843. Subject matter wherein an apparatus having a moving continuous surface closed upon itself (i.e.,endless-loop conveyor) is employed to either (a) carry an animal directly on the surface from one location to another,or (b) to supply movement and support for a diverse element adapted to carry, direct, or otherwise manage the relocation of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

14,	Bridges, subclass 70 for a gangway or ramp of general utility having an endless-loop conveyor.
198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses, for a power-driven endless-loop conveyor of general utility.

846	... Wheel mounted:

This subclass is indented under subclass 845. Subject matter wherein the endless-loop conveyor is mounted upon a wheel or wheels, or from structure supported with a wheel or wheels, so that the conveyor can be transported from one location to another by rolling of the wheel(s).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

727,	for a wheeled body sling.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

14,	Bridges, subclass 72.5 for a wheeled gangway or ramp of general utility.

847	.. Ramp:

This subclass is indented under subclass 843. Subject matter wherein an inclined surface (i.e.,ramp) is employed to relocate an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

845,	for an inclined endless-loop conveyor for relocating an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

14,	Bridges, subclasses 69.5+ for a ramp of general utility.
193,	Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, for an inclined surface of general utility for conveying, especially by use of gravity propulsion.

848	... Wheel mounted:

This subclass is indented under subclass 847. Subject matter wherein the ramp is mounted upon a wheel or wheels, or is supported from structure supported with a wheel or wheels, so that the ramp can be transported from one location to another by rolling of the wheel(s).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

727,	for a wheeled body sling.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

14,	Bridges, subclass 72.5 for a wheeled ramp of general utility.

849	... Collapsible:

	This subclass is indented under subclass 847. Subject matter wherein the ramp is foldable or otherwise constructed to enable routine conversion between a working mode and a more compact mode such as would be useful for storage purposes.

850	BODY WORN PROTECTIVE SHIELD OR APPAREL:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein an animal borne guard or garment is used to protect or cover the animal or to protect another being or object from the animal.

(1) Note. A body-carried shield acts as a barrier, pad, etc. for protecting the animal from an external source, e.g., dirt, a disease, an insect, enemy, etc. It may also be used to protect another animal, human, or object, e.g., a stall, etc., from the animal carrying the shield, such as a cover to blunt or soften the point of a claw or horn, which is distinguishable from a controlling device that restrains or discourages an animal from using a claw, horn, etc. A sex preventing barrier carried on a female animal is considered to be a shield, which is to be distinguished from a device to obstruct or discourage use of the penis of a male animal, which is considered to be a controlling device. A weaning device carried by a female that covers an udder or teat is considered to be a shield, while a weaning device carried by an animal to limit use of its mouth to nurse is a controlling device. A head-carried pick preventing device for a bird, or a collar barrier which prevents an animal from picking, biting, chewing, etc. at a portion of its body or the body of another animal, is considered to control the actions of the animal wearing it and is provided for elsewhere. In sum, a protective shield may be distinguished from a controlling device since the function of a shield is to cover a localized area of the body, which may, for example prevent an animal from using its mouth to bite the localized area, while a controlling device generally prevents or discourages an animal from reaching to the localized area and/or prevents use or movement of a body part in an action other than, for example, biting only a localized area. See the search notes below.

(2) Note. This is the residual area for animal apparel other than a collar or harness not provided for elsewhere. Such apparel, even if ornamental, is considered to shield an animal from temperature extremes and is thus appropriate for this subclass. An animal blanket is not considered to be body worn apparel for this subclass even if provided with a preformed opening or strap for a neck or leg of an animal. If a neck or leg accommodating and covering feature, e.g., a collar, sleeve, etc., extends along the neck or leg, i.e., is more than an opening or reinforced opening, then classification under this subclass (850) is considered proper. A manure pouch is not considered to be a body-carried shield or apparel. See the search notes below.

(3) Note. A horse boot and a bonnet or shield adapted to be attached to a working animal, or a harness therefor, are excluded from this subclass. See the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

95,	for a manure pouch.
712+,	for a controlling device which deters an undesired action or promotes a desired action of an animal wearing it, particularly subclass 715 for a head-carried pick preventing device for a bird, subclasses 814+ for an animal-carried device for restraining use or movement of a specific body part, particularly subclass 838 for a male sex organ restraining device for an animal, e.g., to prevent intercourse or self abuse by an animal wearing it, etc., and subclasses 821+ for an animal-carried mouth or throat guard used to limit the use of the mouth or throat of an animal, e.g., a muzzle or a neck-supported barrier which prevents an animal from picking, biting, chewing, etc., either another animal or object or a portion of its own body, etc. See the (1) Note above.
856+,	for a body- or appendage-encircling collar or band worn on an animal, particularly subclass 862 for a collar or harness having a pricker or spur element mounted thereon.
907,	for a harness of general utility.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, for a garment worn by a human being.
36,	Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, particularly subclass 111 for a shoe for covering the foot of an animal.
54,	Harness for Working Animal, for an animal harness for a draft, work, breaking, or training purpose, particularly subclasses 79.1+ for a animal blanket or a garment for a working animal, subclasses 80.1+ for a bonnet or shield for a working animal and subclass 82 for a horse boot. Subclass 79.1 is the residual location for an animal blanket. See the (1), (2), and (3) Notes above.
128,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 846+ for a body-protecting device for a patient or an infant.
168,	Farriery, particularly subclasses 1+ for an overshoe for a cattle- or horse-type animal and subclasses 4+ for a shoe for a cattle- or horse-type animal.
604,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 358+ for an absorbent pad, e.g., a diaper, etc., for application to a human or an animal.

851	. Horn, spur, or claw shield:

This subclass is indented under subclass 850. Subject matter wherein an animal borne guard protects a hard, pointed member projecting from the head of an animal, i.e., a horn, a spinelike projection on a leg of a bird, i.e., a spur, or a sharp nail on a toe of an animal, i.e., a claw, from injury or from injuring another being or object.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

715,	for a head-carried pick preventing device for controlling a bird.
837,	for a animal-carried horn restraint.

852	. Udder or teat:

This subclass is indented under subclass 850. Subject matter wherein the animal borne guard or garment protects or covers a baglike mammary organ of an animal or a nipple associated therewith.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

821+,

for an animal-carried restraining device for inhibiting use of the mouth of the animal, e.g., for nursing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

128,	Surgery, particularly subclass 890 for a chafing shield for protecting a nipple of a human.

853	. Bird:

This subclass is indented under subclass 850. Subject matter wherein the animal guard or garment is borne on the body of an animal taxonomically classified in the class Aves, i.e., a bird.

(1) Note. A turkey saddle, breeding jacket, etc. which protects the bird during mating is proper for this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

713+,

for a device which controls the action of a bird, particularly subclass 715 for a head-carried pick preventing device for a bird.

854	. Female-carried sexual barrier:

This subclass is indented under subclass 850. Subject matter wherein an animal borne guard obstructs access to the genitalia of a female animal wearing it to prevent copulation therewith.

(1) Note. A sexual restraint which is inserted into the body of an animal, e.g., intravaginally, surgically implanted, etc., is excluded from this subclass. See the search note below.

(2) Note. This subclass includes absorbent diapers, etc., worn to collect waste products if also disclosed for preventing sexual intercourse.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

838,

for an animal-carried restraining device for inhibiting the use of a male sex organ. While a device found in that subclass may be referred to as a stallion "shield" it is considered to control an action of the male animal and is therefor considered to be a controlling device rather than a shield for this subclass (854). Also see the (2) Note thereunder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

128,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 883+ for a sexual restraint which is worn on or in the body of a human or which is inserted into the body an animal. See the (1) Note above.
604,	Surgery, particularly subclasses 358+ for a body-carried urine absorbing pad, e.g., a diaper, etc., for an animal not disclosed for preventing sexual intercourse.

855	. Neck or throat protector:

This subclass is indented under subclass 850. Subject matter wherein an animal borne guard or garment protects an area of an animal"s body between its shoulder blades and head (i.e., neck).

(1) Note. A neck-carried device for preventing an animal from bending its neck to, for example, prevent injury from self biting, etc., or for any other reason, is considered to be a controlling device provided for elsewhere. This is to be distinguished from a neck cover that prevents an animal from scratching its neck with its claws. Such a cover is considered to be a shield for a localized area of the body appropriate for this subclass and not a leg restraint. However, if a neck-carried device is in the form of a barrier that prevents an animal from reaching past its neck with its leg to, for example, scratch its ear, it would be considered a leg restraint rather than an ear shield because it functions more as a leg restraint than a protective ear cover. See the search notes below for appropriate areas for mentioned restraints.

(2) Note. This subclass generally includes subject matter for preventing a neck or throat area from being bitten by another animal, but is not limited to such purposes. Other purposes as diverse as shielding the neck of a female to prevent a male"s claws from gripping her neck for sexual mounting is proper for this subclass. Protective construction may employ use of electric shock or a sharply pointed element (e.g., pricker or spur) to discourage an attacking animal.

(3) Note. A collar, per se, is excluded from this subclass, unless it is capable of performing as a protective cover that provides a physical barrier. As such, a collar adapted to chemically protect from fleas or other pest or disease is provided for elsewhere. Similarly, a collar having a reflector or illuminator to protect an animal from being hit by a car is not considered to be a physical barrier, and is therefore provided for elsewhere with collar structure. See the search notes below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

815,	for preventing an animal from bending its neck.
816,	for a neck-carried shield to prevent an animal from reaching past its neck with its paw to scratch its head.
821,	for a neck-carried shield to prevent an animal"s mouth from reaching an area of its body.
856+,	for a collar, per se, especially subclass 858 for a collar with a reflector, subclass 859 for a collar with an electric lamp, and subclass 862 for a collar with a pricker or spur.

856	BODY- OR APPENDAGE-ENCIRCLING COLLAR OR BAND (E.G., NECK COLLAR, LEG BAND, ETC.):

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including a belt, strap, chain, or similar elongated structure (i.e., collar) constructed to surround and be supported by or worn by an animal"s neck, limb, torso, or other part of an animal.

(1) Note. This is the residual area for animal collars not otherwise classifiable, and as such excludes, for example, work animal harness collars, garment collars, and nominal collars that are part of a greater combination of elements classifiable elsewhere, such as a collar in combination with a leash, tether, or other hitching element, or other restraint.

(2) Note. This is also the residual area for a harness having a body-encircling band, not classifiable either in this or another class. However, it is not intended that a harness be cross-referenced into this or indented subclasses from another area unless the harness contains structure specifically provided for in the indented subclasses, since a "harness" cross-reference art collection is specifically provided for elsewhere in this class.

(3) Note. This and indented subclasses are intended to provide for a collar or other body-encircling band having:

(a) a recited detail of the band or its buckle structure, per se;

(b) structure designed to afford a means for attaching a leash or tether to the band;

(c) a band combined with or specifically adapted to support a diverse "perfecting" element for the band other than a controlling (e.g., hitching, restraining, etc.), handling or shielding element, which are provided for elsewhere; or

(d) a subcombination device, not provided for elsewhere, that includes a body-encircling band but not enough element(s) of a combination for placement with the combination, such as a collar or harness structure intended to perform a controlling or protective function but does not have sufficiently claimed structure to perform the intended function, such as an electric shocking collar structure with no means claimed to control the shock, or a barbed choke collar with no means claimed (e.g., leash) to cause the barbs to prick the animal to control it.

(4) Note. A harness used for a draft or work purpose is excluded from this class.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

702,	for a harness used for exercising or amusing an animal.
712+,	for a collar in combination with an animal controlling or handling means, particularly subclasses 713+ for a collar designed especially to control or handle a bird, subclasses 725+ for a body sling, subclass 792 for a collar combined with a leash, and subclasses 821+ for a mouth restraint, especially subclass 831 for a muzzle.
850+,	for a protective shield or garment, particularly subclass 855 for a neck protector.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, subclasses 129+ for a garment collar, and subclasses 311+ for a torso- or limb-encircling belt.
40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 299.01+ for a card, label, or tag, per se, which may be intended for attachment to a Class 119 device, e.g., a collar, harness, leash, etc. See, in particular, subclasses 300+ for an animal marker, subclass 303 for a harness-supported animal marker, subclass 304 for a leg band type animal marker, subclasses 633+ for an identification bracelet and subclasses 642+ for a card, label, or tag holder.
54,	Harness for Working Animal, for an animal harness provided for in that class (i.e., for a draft or work purpose), particularly subclass 18.1 for a harness combined with a collar, subclass 19.1 for a harness collar, and subclasses 71+ for an animal breaking or training harness, per se.
114,	Ships, particularly subclass 39.18 for a body harness designed to be connected to a sailboard-type marine vessel.
128,	Surgery, subclasses 846+ for a body protecting or restraining device for a patient or infant, and subclasses 875+ for a body restraining or immobilizing belt, strap, or harness.
190,	Trunks and Hand-Carried Luggage, particularly subclasses 26 and 27 for trunk harness.
222,	Dispensing, particularly subclass 175 for a body-carried dispenser.
224,	Package and Article Carriers, for a body harness for a living bearer combined with package and article carrying means, particularly subclass 158 for a carrier for a person and subclass 184 for means attached to a person for towing an object along a surface, e.g., a game animal, etc.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, for the combination of significant aircraft structure with body harness, particularly subclass 122 for a device for holding an occupant to an aircraft seat and subclass 151 for a device for attaching a parachute to a person or object being lowered slowly to the ground.
278,	Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, appropriate subclasses for a land vehicle which is pulled by a draft animal.
359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclass 516 for a signal reflector combined with a nominally recited collar.
362,	Illumination, subclasses 103+ for an illuminator having support from a nominally recited collar.
424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclass 411 , for a nominally recited collar impregnated or coated with a body treating composition, e.g., flea collar, etc.
602,	Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage, subclasses 41+ for bandage structure, particularly subclasses 61+ for a covering for a particular body area.
604,	Surgery, subclass 308 for a bandage pad, shield, or attaching means extendable around a body portion for sustained application of a treating material to an external body surface.

857	. For a human being:

This subclass is indented under subclass 856. Subject matter wherein the body or appendage-encircling collar or band substantially encircles a portion of the body of a person.

(1) Note. This subclass is the residual location for a body harness for a human being. If a patent does not claim a specific use but discloses a use found elsewhere, e.g., in Classes 5, 128, 182, 224, 244, 280, 294, 297, 441, 482, 623, etc., original classification should be in that class. A patent having plural disclosures, none of which are claimed, would be placed as an original in the superior class unless the classes involved have an established line therebetween which would control placement.

(2) Note. See the search class notes under subclass 856 for classes which are not limited to a human type of user or are limited to an animal type of user.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, for a human body harness in combination with or constituting apparel, including a bib for an infant which may also be used to restrain the infant, and particularly subclass 44 and 45 for a body brace or support, subclass 102 for vest apparel, and subclasses 300 through 342 for a garment supporter or retainer, e.g., subclass 311 for a belt having a handle which is worn by a motorcyclist so that a motorcycle passenger may grasp the handle as necessary.
5,	Beds, for a bed or bed accessory for a human body, particularly subclasses 600+ for a body harness used with an invalid bed or surgical support and subclasses 424+ for a restraint disclosed for protecting a person from injury or from rolling out of a bed.
34,	Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, particularly subclasses 96+ for a body harness in combination with a dryer for human hair.
42,	Firearms, particularly subclass 96 for a body harness with arm rest used with a firearm.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, particularly subclasses 3+ for a torso harness disclosed for supporting a workman or for a rescue or escape operation and which may employ an anchoring tether.
248,	Supports, particularly subclass 444 for an easel, book copy, or music score holder in combination with body harness for the user thereof.
280,	Land Vehicles, particularly subclass 290 for a body harness for attaching a human occupant to an occupant-propelled wheeled vehicle and subclasses 801.1+ for a safety belt or harness combined with significant vehicle structure and used to prevent, restrain, or limit movement of a human occupant relative to the vehicle in the event of a sudden, unexpected movement.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, particularly subclass 25 for a hand and finger attachment designed to facilitate the handling of articles or material and subclass 140 for a body harness having a handle for transporting a person therein.
297,	Chairs and Seats, particularly subclass 275 for a belt or garment restrainer with an oscillatory suspended baby jumper and subclasses 464+ for a body restrainer disclosed for confining a seated human occupant to a chair or seat. The seat may be in a vehicle if no significant vehicle structure is claimed.
359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclass 516 for a signal reflector combined with a nominally recited body support.
441,	Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices, particularly subclasses 80+ for a water rescue or life protecting apparatus for a person which may include harness structure.
482,	Exercise Devices, particularly subclass 69 for a supporting harness disclosed for suspending a human user during exercise involving travel by foot and subclass 139 for a human user interface element in the form of a harness disclosed for employment while the user manipulates a force resisting exercise apparatus.
623,	Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, or Aids and Accessories Therefor, for a body harness combined with a device of that class.

858	. Having or specifically adapted to support a diverse element other than restraint or protective shield (e.g., ID tag, reflector, bell, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 856. Subject matter wherein the collar or band (i.e.,collar) is combined with an additional element other than a controlling, handling, or protective shield means, or includes means specifically constructed to support such an additional element on the collar.

(1) Note. If a collar or band is nominally recited in combination with a diverse element, and the diverse element combined with a body support is provided for elsewhere, classification is proper where the diverse element plus body support is located. However, when a detail of a collar- or body-encircling band found in this class is present, classification of a collar or band in combination with a diverse element is proper in this class.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 303 for an animal marker supported from a nominally recited collar or body support, and subclasses 642.02+ for a holder for a check, label, or tag.
116,	Signals and Indicators, subclass 170 for a bell of an animal or sleigh type (e.g., cow bell).
359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclass 516 for a signal reflector combined with a nominally recited collar.
362,	Illumination, subclasses 103+ for an illuminator combined with a nominally recited collar.
424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclass 411 for a nominally recited collar impregnated or coated with a body treating composition, e.g., flea collar.
604,	Surgery, subclass 308 for a bandage, pad, shield, or attaching means extendable around a body portion for sustained application of a treating material to an external body surface.
606,	Surgery, subclass 116 for means for marking an animal, and subclass 117 for means for applying an animal identification device to an animal.

859	.. Electrical element (e.g., illuminator, battery, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 858. Subject matter wherein the collar includes means for supplying, conducting, or utilizing electrical energy.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

712+,	for control or handling of an animal employing electricity, particularly subclasses 720+ for electromagnetic remote control, subclass 765 for a neck- supported poke including an electric shocking means, subclass 822 for a mouth or throat control having an electrical element, and subclass 908 for electrical animal control or handling.
858,	for a collar having a reflector.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

362,	Illumination, subclasses 103+ for an illuminator combined with a nominally recited collar.

860	.. Releasable chemical agent (e.g., medicine, deodorant, etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 858. Subject matter wherein the collar supports or is adapted to support a composition (i.e., chemical agent) in such a manner that the agent can escape the collar to treat, protect, or otherwise aid the animal wearing the collar.

(1) Note. The chemical agent can escape either by volatilization or by direct dispensing from the collar, usually in a slow release manner to, for example, medicate, deodorize, repel, or kill pests.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

650+,	for antivermin treatment.
654,	for a collar with a releasable antivermin or cleaning agent; e.g., for a flea collar.
850+,	for a protective shield or apparel, particularly subclass 855 for a neck or throat protector.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 124+ for vermin destroying.
424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclass 411 for a nominally recited collar impregnated or coated with a body treating composition, e.g., flea collar.
604,	Surgery, subclass 308 for a bandage, pad, shield, or attaching means extendable around a body portion for sustained application of a treating material to an external body surface.

862	.. Pricker or spur element:

This subclass is indented under subclass 858. Subject matter wherein the diverse element is a sharply pointed member.

(1) Note. A collar which has a pricker or spur that functions to protect the neck or throat area from attack by another animal is provided for elsewhere.

(2) Note. A pricker or spur, without more, is not considered to be a restraint or protector in itself. A pricker or spur combined with a collar is considered to be a perfecting means for the collar unless the collar is further combined with a means such as a leash or other activator for the pricker or spur. A collar which has a pricker or spur directed away from the animal to thwart an attacking animal is considered to be a protective shield. A pricker or spur supported to be aimed, for example, at the shoulders of the animal wearing the collar to prevent the animal from laying down is considered to be an animal-controlling device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

712+,	for animal controlling or handling employing a pricker or spur.
850+,	for a protective shield employing a pricker or spur, especially subclass 855 for a neck or throat protector.

863	. Having particular buckle, length-fixing, or end-joining means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 856. Subject matter wherein the collar is provided with a particular means to fasten the collar together in a manner to form a loop structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., appropriate subclasses for a particular fastening element, especially subclasses 307+ for a buckle, per se.

864	.. Slip or choke-collar type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 863. Subject matter wherein the means for fastening the collar together to form a loop includes an element that is adapted to slide on the collar.

(1) Note. This subclass provides for what is generally known as a slip or choke collar, wherein a part of the collar is adapted to be pulled by a leash, for example, so that the sliding element will slide along the collar and cause the loop to decrease in circumference, causing a choking effect on the animal for control.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

769+,

for hitching or tethering, especially subclasses 792+ for a slip or choke collar combined with a leash.

865	.. Breakaway release (e.g., safety collar, fabric hook and loop type fastener etc.):

This subclass is indented under subclass 863. Subject matter wherein the fastening means is constructed to separate or to open the collar loop when a sufficient force is applied to the fastening means that is less than that which would cause injury to the animal or damage to the collar.

(1) Note. This subclass provides for a breakaway or safety collar that opens when, for example, the collar is caught on a branch or the like, so that the animal may free itself or avoid injury.

(2) Note. This subclass provides for a collar "buckle" that utilizes a mating hook and loop structure.

866	NOSE RING, PER SE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of a circular element (i.e., ring) constructed to be secured in an animal"s nostril or be supported by a nasal septum.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

712+,

for animal controlling or handling employing a nose ring, particularly subclasses 758+ for a poke combined with a nose ring, subclass 792 for hitching or tethering with a nose ring, subclass 821 for mouth or throat limiting with a nose ring, subclass 834 for a pig ring to prevent rooting, and subclass 837 for a head, face, or horn limiting means employing a nose ring.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclass 705 for a pierced earring fastener.
63,	Jewelry, subclasses 12+ for an earring.

867	MOBILE EXCREMENT CATCHER; E.G., MANURE POUCH:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device in the form of a pouch-like receptacle designed and constructed to be so placed in relation to a domestic animal as to receive excrement such as dung and urine therefrom.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

161+,

for an animal waste toilet or related device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

604,	Surgery, subclasses 317+ for an animal waste receptor not limited to animal husbandry.

868	. Carried totally by animal:

This subclass is indented under subclass 867. Device adapted to be supported only by the animal from which excrement is received.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

867,	for an excrement receiver supported in part by a vehicle or an animal containing structure.

869	.. Particularly adapted to hold liquid:

This subclass is indented under subclass 868. Device including structure of particular specified utility of containing flowable excrement.

(1) Note. Included herein is a device intended to capture pregnant mare"s urine to recover hormonal material such as estrogen therefrom.

161	WASTE TOILET OR RELATED DEVICE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of a receiver for collecting an animal waste product, i.e., excrement or urine, or structure associated with such a use.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

171+,	for moisture absorbing material, per se, which may be disclosed for use in a waste toilet.
867+,	for a manure pouch used to receive animal excrement or urine.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

4,	Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, appropriate subclasses for a waste toilet suitable for use only by a human, i.e., without any animal accommodating feature.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, particularly subclasses 1.3+ for a sanitary handler for pet droppings.

162	. Mounted above or within existing human commode:

This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Subject matter consisting of structure supported over or inside a waste toilet normally used by a human being.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

4,	Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, appropriate subclasses for a waste toilet intended for use by a human, i.e., without any animal accommodating feature.

163	. Activated by presence of animal:

This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Subject matter having an operating mechanism actuated in response to the animal approaching, using, or leaving the waste product collecting receiver or associated structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

159,	for a washing or spraying device, respectively, used for antivermin treatment which may additionally be actuated by the presence of an animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

4,	Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, particularly subclasses 302+ and 313 for means to cause a toilet flushing device to operate automatically when a condition occurs.

164	.. Underlying belt type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Subject matter wherein the actuated mechanism is a flexible, relatively continuous band of material or fabric positioned beneath the animal and used to help remove the animal waste product.

(1) Note. A belt may be formed from an uninterrupted length of material, a series of spaced bars, plates, or other transversely disposed members which, as a whole, are capable of supporting and removing an animal waste product. It may be an endless loop of material or a web of material feeding from a supply reel or source to a collection reel, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, particularly subclasses 810.1+ for a condition responsive, power-driven, endless conveyor.

165	. Walled receptacle; e.g., litter box, etc., containing moisture absorbent material:

This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Subject matter wherein the waste product collecting receiver is configured to have bottom structure surrounded by upstanding side structure and to hold a substance which will soak up, i.e., absorb liquid present in the waste product collected.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

171+,

for material, per se, used to absorb moisture present in a waste product.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

206,	Special Receptacle or Package, particularly subclass 204 for a container including means for removing water, or water vapor, from the atmosphere within the container or the surface of container content.

166	.. Having means for separating waste from absorbent material:

This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Subject matter including structure which may be used to isolate the waste product from the liquid absorbing substance.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

169,	for a walled receptacle having a moisture absorbing pad and often including a protective screen or grid placed above the pad to protect it from scratching by the animal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

209,	Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, particularly subclasses 233+ for a sifting device, per se, and subclasses 417+ for a manually supported sifter.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, particularly subclasses 1.3+ for a sanitary handler for pet droppings.

167	... Flaccid, liner-type separator:

This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter wherein the waste product isolating structure is a thin, limp sheet or screen which extends upwardly along both an interior bottom and side surface of the waste product collecting receiver.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

170,	for a walled receptacle having a flaccid liner used to contain both waste and absorbent material.

168	.. Having foldable or pivotable portion:

This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Subject matter wherein the waste product collecting receiver includes a part thereof which is shaped by bending it beyond its elastic limit along a line to form a permanent crease or is otherwise rotated about an axial region.

(1) Note. The folding or pivoting feature must be more than just a lid, cover, separator, or flaccid liner pivotably mounted on or in the receptacle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

229,	Envelopes, Wrappers, and Paperboard Boxes, particularly subclasses 100+ for a paperboard box of general utility.
493,	Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, particularly subclasses 162+ for the manufacture of a container by folding.

169	.. Pad-type absorbent material:

This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Subject matter wherein the liquid absorbing substance is a sheet-like mat.

(1) Note. A pad made from a sheet of fabric, newspaper, etc., is proper for this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

166+,	for a walled receptacle having a foraminous separator for sifting a waste product from litter.
170,	for a walled receptacle having a flaccid, impervious sheet used as a liner.

170	.. Having flaccid liner:

This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Subject matter including a thin, limp, moisture impervious sheet which extends upwardly along both an interior bottom and side surface of the waste product collecting receiver for holding both the liquid absorbing substance and the waste product.

(1) Note. A flaccid liner is often used to protect the walled receptacle and permit easy disposal of both the waste and absorbent material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

167,	for a flaccid, liner-type separator used to isolate the waste product from the absorbent material.

171	MATERIAL FOR ABSORBING MOISTURE FROM WASTE PRODUCT:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter consisting of a substance which is used to soak up, i.e., absorb, liquid present in animal excrement or urine.

(1) Note. The absorbent material, while usually in the form of small granular, formed, or cut pieces of matter, may also be in other forms, e.g., a pad, etc.

(2) Note. The absorbent material may additionally be used as bedding for an animal in some circumstances, e.g., in a stall, etc., in order to improve sanitary conditions, reduce odors, or provide comfort for lying animals.

(3) Note. A U.S. patent having a claimed disclosure to a type of absorbent material specifically provided for hereunder, i.e., paper related or clay component type, has been placed in the appropriate indented subclass as an original classification and cross referenced back to this outdent subclass when another embodiment is also disclosed or claimed, e.g., absorbent material containing alfalfa, peanut hulls, diatomaceous earth, wood shavings, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15+,	for an animal confining or housing device which may include absorbent material spread over a bottom portion thereof.
28.5,	for an animal bed or rest which may include absorbent material spread over a bottom portion thereof.
45+,	for a nest or nest appliance in which a fowl may lay an egg.
165,	for a walled receptacle which contains a material used to absorb liquid present in an animal waste product.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, particularly subclass 76.6 for a deodorizing composition for fecal material, urine, pet litter, etc.
502,	Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making, particularly subclasses 400+ for a solid sorbent composition in general.

172	. Having paper-related component:

This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter wherein the liquid absorbing substance includes cellulose which is initially in the form of a thin, matted, fibrous sheet, i.e., paper, or is created from a pulp, sludge, or slurry associated therewith.

(1) Note. Wood or cellulose particles, per se, are not proper for this subclass.

(2) Note. Subsequently, the paper related component may be made into pellets, granules, cut strips, etc.

173	. Having clay component:

This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter wherein the liquid absorbing substance includes a naturally occurring, fine grained, earthy, hydrated aluminum silicate containing composition, i.e., clay.

(1) Note. Absorbent material in which clay serves only as a binder for the particles or is otherwise present in only minute quantities is excluded from this subclass.

(2) Note. The term "clay" includes materials commonly known as attapulgite, bentonite, fuller"s earth, halloysite, illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

172,	for absorbent material wherein paper or a derivative thereof is present along with clay.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

502,	Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making, particularly subclasses 80+ for a clay composition having sorbent characteristics and subclasses 400+ for a solid sorbent composition in general.

174	MISCELLANEOUS:

	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter and not provided for in any of the above subclasses.

900	FEED SAVING DEVICE:

	Apparatus which is used to prevent animal nourishment from being wasted.

901	CHAIN FEEDER:

	Apparatus consisting of an interconnected serial arrangement of rigid links used to convey nourishment to an animal.

902	FEED AGITATOR:

	Apparatus used to mix or stir nourishment prior to it being given to an animal.

903	POULTRY ROOST PREVENTING DEVICE:

Apparatus used to prohibit a domesticated egg laying or meat producing fowl from standing in a certain location, e.g., in its feed, water, etc.

(1) Note. A device of this type is often called an "antiroosting device".

904	STANCHION SURE STOP:

	Apparatus used to prevent an animal from inserting its head between a head or neck restraining stanchion bar and a side of a stall used to house the animal.

905	BREAKING OR TRAINING METHOD:

Process used to correct an undesired behavior or teach a desired behavior to an animal.

(1) Note. Much of the art related to breaking or training an animal is structurally similar to art used to simply control an animal, e.g., a weaning muzzle, etc. It may be difficult to determine the specific use of a device or, alternatively, a device may be disclosed for use both for breaking or training and for some other purpose. A device, as well as the method of using it, which may be employed to break or train an animal is placed under subclass 712 as an original based upon its animal-controlling structure if provided for thereunder. It may be cross-referenced here if it involves a breaking or training method which is considered significant.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15+,	for an animal maze combined with a significant confining or housing device.
702+,	for an exercise or amusement device for an animal which may also break or train an animal, particularly subclasses 707+ for a toy, lure, or fetch device used to exercise or amuse an animal.
712+,	for an animal-controlling device which is used to deter an undesired action or promote a desired action of an animal and which may also be used for a breaking or training purpose, particularly subclass 719 for a sound-producing device used to control an animal, subclasses 720+ for electromagnetic remote control of an animal, subclasses 758+ for an animal-carried hook or extension for engaging and preventing breach of a fence or barrier, e.g., a poke, tethered fence hook, etc., subclasses 821+ for an animal-carried mouth controlling muzzle which may be used for weaning an animal, and subclasses 850+, for a body-carried shield used to protect an animal or another being from the animal. See the (1) Note above.
856+,	for a body- or appendage-encircling collar or band used for training an animal, e.g., a choke collar, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, for an animal harness for a draft, work, breaking, or training purpose, particularly subclasses 71+ for a harness for controlling a vicious or unruly animal or training an animal to trot, pace, etc.
116,	Signals and Indicators, particularly subclasses 22+ for automatic and periodic actuation of a mechanical signal which may be used to frighten an animal.
231,	Whips and Whip Apparatus, for a whip related apparatus which may be used to train an animal.
434,	Education and Demonstration, particularly subclass 225 for subject matter related to teaching a human being the occupations of farming, ranching, or otherwise related to an animal.

906	ANIMAL COUNTING:

Method or apparatus used to determine the number of animals in a group of animals.

(1) Note. Animal counting is typically performed at the time they are "harvested," i.e., collected and taken to market. As such many of the animal counting subject matter finds original classification in areas related to animal relocating, where they are counted as they are being conveyed or loaded into a vehicle for transporting them to market. Similarly, animal counting may be performed during sorting, or in the stock yard, housing, or any other environment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

840+,	for animal sorting.
843+,	for animal relocating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

235,	Registers, appropriate subclasses for mechanical counter.
346,	Recorders, appropriate subclasses for a recorder combined with a counter.
377,	Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for an electronic counter.

907	HARNESS:

A device having a plurality of straps joined together in a spaced array that is adapted to be supported on an animal,with at least one strap of the array encircling a portion of the body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

702,	for a harness used for exercising or amusing an animal.
712+,	for a collar in combination with an animal controlling or handling means, particularly subclasses 713+ for a collar designed especially to control or handle a bird, subclasses 725+ for a body sling, subclass 792 for a collar combined with a leash, and subclasses 821+ for a mouth restraint, especially subclass 831 for a muzzle.
850+,	for a protective shield or garment, particularly subclass 855 for a neck protector.
856+,	for a body- or appendage-encircling collar or band.
857,	for a collar or harness for a human being.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

2,	Apparel, for a human body harness in combination with or constituting apparel, including a bib for an infant which may also be used to restrain the infant, and particularly subclasses 44 and 45 for a body brace or support, subclass 102 for vest apparel, subclasses 129+ for a garment collar, and subclasses 300 through 342 for a garment supporter or retainer, particularly subclasses 311+ for a torso- or limb-encircling belt, e.g., a belt having handles and which is worn by a motorcyclist so that a motorcycle passenger may grasp the handles as necessary.
5,	Beds, for a bed or bed accessory for a human body, particularly subclasses 600+ for a body harness used with an invalid bed or surgical support and subclasses 424+ for a restraint disclosed for protecting a person from injury or from rolling out of a bed.
34,	Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, particularly subclasses 96+ for a body harness in combination with a dryer for human hair.
40,	Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 299.01+ for a card, label, or tag, per se, which may be intended for attachment to a Class 119 device, e.g., a collar, harness, leash, etc. See, in particular, subclasses 300+ for an animal marker, subclass 303 for a harness-supported animal marker, subclass 304 for a leg band type animal marker, subclasses 633+ for an identification bracelet and subclasses 642+ for a card, label, or tag holder.
42,	Firearms, particularly subclass 96 for a body harness with arm rest used with a firearm.
54,	Harness for Working Animal, appropriate subclasses, for an animal harness provided for in that class (i.e., for a draft or work purpose), particularly subclass 18.1 for a harness combined with a collar, subclass 19.1 for a harness collar, and subclasses 71+ for an animal breaking or training harness, per se.
114,	Ships, particularly subclass 39.18 for a body harness designed to be connected to a sailboard-type marine vessel.
128,	Surgery, subclasses 846+ for a body protecting or restraining device for a patient or infant, and subclasses 875+ for a body restraining or immobilizing belt, strap, or harness.
182,	Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, particularly subclasses 3+ for a torso harness disclosed for supporting a workman or for a rescue or escape operation and which may employ an anchoring tether.
190,	Trunks and Hand-Carried Luggage, particularly subclasses 26 and 27 for trunk harness.
222,	Dispensing, particularly subclass 175 for a body-carried dispenser.
224,	Package and Article Carriers, for a body harness for a living bearer combined with package and article carrying means, particularly subclass 158 for a carrier for a person and subclass 184 for means attached to a person for towing an object along a surface, e.g., a game animal, etc.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, for the combination of significant aircraft structure with body harness, particularly subclass 122 for a device for holding an occupant to an aircraft seat and subclass 151 for a device for attaching a parachute to a person or object being lowered slowly to the ground.
248,	Supports, particularly subclass 444 for an easel, book copy, or music score holder in combination with body harness for the user thereof.
278,	Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, for a land vehicle which is pulled by a draft animal.
280,	Land Vehicles, particularly subclass 290 for a body harness for attaching a human occupant to an occupant-propelled wheeled vehicle and subclasses 801.1+ for a safety belt or harness combined with significant vehicle structure and used to prevent, restrain, or limit movement of a human occupant relative to the vehicle in the event of a sudden, unexpected movement.
294,	Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, particularly subclass 25 for a hand and finger attachment designed to facilitate the handling of articles or material and subclass 140 for a body harness having handles for transporting a person therein.
297,	Chairs and Seats, particularly subclass 275 for a belt or garment restrainer with an oscillatory suspended baby jumper and subclasses 464+ for a body restrainer disclosed for confining a seated human occupant to a chair or seat. The seat may be in a vehicle if no significant vehicle structure is claimed.
359,	Optical: Systems and Elements, subclass 516 for a signal reflector combined with a nominally recited body support.
362,	Illumination, subclasses 103+ for an illuminator having support from a nominally recited collar or harness.
424,	Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, subclass 411 for a nominally recited collar or harness impregnated or coated with a body treating composition, e.g., flea collar.
441,	Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices, particularly subclasses 80+ for a water rescue or life protecting apparatus for a person which may include harness structure.
482,	Exercise Devices, particularly subclass 69 for a supporting harness disclosed for suspending a human user during exercise involving travel by foot and subclass 139 for a human user interface element in the form of a harness disclosed for employment while the user manipulates a force resisting exercise apparatus.
602,	Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage, subclasses 41+ for bandage structure, particularly subclasses 61+ for a covering for a particular body area.
604,	Surgery, subclass 308 for a bandage pad, shield, or attaching means extendable around a body portion for sustained application of a treating material to an external body surface.
623,	Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, or Aids and Accessories Therefor, for a body harness combined with a device of that class.

908	ELECTRICAL ANIMAL CONTROL OR HANDLING:

A method or apparatus that employs electricity to deter or promote (i.e., control) an action of an animal, or otherwise manipulate an animal.

(1) Note. The electrical control may be due to either direct application of electricity to the animal, e.g., electrically shocking the animal, etc. or indirect usage of electricity, e.g., by electrical control of a pressure applying device, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15+,	for an animal confining or housing device which may also include an electrical feature to control an animal.
51.01+,	for an animal-feeding device which may also include an electrical feature to control an animal.
718,	for a device responsive to the voice of an animal which may use an electrical shock to control the animal.
719,	for a mechanical wave (e.g., vibration, sound, ultrasound, etc.) producing device for controlling an animal which may use electricity to emit a sound or to cause a sound to be emitted.
720+,	for an electromagnetic remote control which may also include direct application of electricity to control an animal, e.g., by shocking the animal, etc.
822,	for an animal-carried weaning or other mouth restraint utilizing electrical shock.
859,	for a collar with an electrical element.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

231,	Whips and Whip Apparatus, particularly subclass 7 for an electrical prod used to control an animal.

FOR000

CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS

	This subclass has no definition.

DIG1	MILK DIGEST

	This subclass has no definition.