CLASS 75, SPECIALIZED METALLURGICAL PROCESSES, COMPOSITIONS FOR USE THEREIN, CONSOLIDATED METAL POWDER COMPOSITIONS, AND LOOSE METAL PARTICULATE MIXTURES |
300 | COMPOSITIONS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Compositions that are: (A) reactive furnace linings; (B)
charges or solid treating compositions, not elsewhere provided,
for producing free metal or alloys from metalliferous materials
or for treating liquid metal; (C) gaseous and liquid compositions,
not elsewhere provided, used in the production of free metal or
alloys or used in the treatment of liquid metal; (D) consolidated
metal powder compositions having a continuous free metal phase, such
as produced by a Class 419 process; (E) loose particulate mixtures
(i.e., compositions) containing (a) particles of one free metal
mixed with particles of another free metal or alloy; (b) particles
of one alloy mixed with particles of another alloy or (c) particles
of free metal or alloy mixed with nonfree metal containing particles
and not elsewhere provided.
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301 | . Reactive furnace lining: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Furnace lining composition that is used for intentional reactivity with metalliferous materials in the furnace to produce beneficiated or refined ore, charge or free metal. | |
302 | . Welding rod or electrode defined by composition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. A welding rod or electrode defined by composition and without
significant structure.
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303 | . Solid treating composition for liquid metal (e.g., flux, slagging agent, casting agent, etc.) or charge: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Composition which is a solid treating composition for liquid
metal or a charge for producing metal or treating liquid metal.
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304 | .. In wire, container, or article with surface feature: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition that is in a wire, in a container, or in an
article defined by surface feature (e.g., groove, openings, etc.)
which aids in the utilization or dispersement of the charge or treating agent.
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305 | .. For casting or teeming operation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition for treating molten metal in the mold or while
being poured in the mold.
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306 | .. For electrothermic operation (e.g., electroslag remelting, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition for use in electrothermic processes (e.g., electroslag remelting, etc.). | |
307 | .. Containing Boron (B) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition containing a Boron (B) compound (e.g., Borax, Boron halide, Boron carbide, etc.). | |
308 | .. Containing Halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition containing a binary compound of a metal and a Halogen. | |
309 | ... Containing Fluoride: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Composition wherein the Halogen is Fluorine (F) (e.g., Fluorspar, Fluorite, etc.). | |
310 | .... And consolidated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 309. Composition wherein the Fluoride is in consolidated form produced by agglomerating, calcinating, compacting, indurating, sintering, or solidifying from a molten mass. | |
311 | ... And consolidated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Composition wherein the Halide is in consolidated form produced by agglomerating, calcinating, compacting, indurating, sintering, or solidifying from a molten mass. | |
312 | .. Containing Carbide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition containing a Carbide (e.g., Calcium carbide, Silicon carbide, etc.). | |
313 | .. Composition for or from consolidating by agglomerating, calcinating, compacting, indurating, roasting, sintering, or solidifying from molten mass: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition which is: (1) intended for consolidation by
agglomerating, calcinating, indurating, sintering, or solidifying
from molten mass; (2) consolidated composition produced by agglomerating,
calcinating, compacting, indurating, sintering, or solidifying from
a molten mass, or (3) composition derived from materials which were
consolidated by agglomerating, calcinating, compacting, indurating,
sintering, or solidifying from a molten mass.
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314 | ... Containing free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Consolidated composition that contains metal in the zero valent or free metal state. | |
315 | .... Aluminum (Al) or Magnesium (Mg) as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Composition wherein Aluminum (Al) or Magnesium (Mg) is the free metal. | |
316 | .... Iron (Fe), Iron scrap, or Iron alloy as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Composition containing Iron (Fe), Iron scrap, or Iron alloy wherein Iron is the free metal. | |
317 | ..... And coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Composition which contains coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar. | |
318 | ..... And clay (e.g., bentonite, montmorillonite, etc.), cement, or Alkali metal silicate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Composition which contains clay (e.g., bentonite, montmorillonite, etc.), cement, or Alkali metal silicate. | |
319 | ... Containing Iron (Fe) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Composition containing an Iron compound. | |
320 | .... And coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Composition which contains coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar. | |
321 | .... And synthetic polymer, natural polymer, or carbohydrate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Composition which contains synthetic polymer, natural polymer, or carbohydrate. | |
322 | .... And clay (e.g., bentonite, montmorillonite, etc.), cement, or Alkali metal silicate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Composition which contains clay (e.g., bentonite, montmorillonite, etc.), cement, or Alkali metal silicate. | |
323 | .... And Alkaline earth metal compound or Aluminum (Al) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Composition containing an Alkaline earth metal compound or Aluminum (Al) compound. | |
324 | ... Containing Zinc (Zn) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Composition containing a Zinc (Zn) compound. | |
325 | ... Containing coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Composition which contains coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar. | |
326 | ... Containing clay (e.g., bentonite, montmorillonite, etc.), cement, or Alkali metal silicate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Composition which contains clay (e.g., bentonite, montmorillonite, etc.), cement, or Alkali metal silicate. | |
327 | ... Containing Alkaline earth metal compound or Aluminum (Al) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Composition containing an Alkaline earth metal compound or Aluminum (Al) compound. | |
328 | .. Containing free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition that contains metal in the zero valent or free metal state. | |
329 | .. Containing Alkaline earth metal compound or Aluminum (Al) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Composition containing an Alkaline earth metal compound or Aluminum (Al) compound. | |
228 | . Consolidated metal powder compositions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Composition comprising free-metal containing powder or particles
which have been united to form a self-sustaining mass.
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229 | .. Flake or fibrous constituent or fibrous grain structure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Composition which (1) contains a particle component which
has a thickness which is diminutive in comparison with its length
and width, or (2) has a component originally contained in the starting
material or produced during the uniting of the particles or subsequent processing,
which is characterized by a width and thickness which is diminutive
compared to its length, e.g., fibrous, circular, needle-like, whiskerish,
etc.
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230 | .. With nonmetal constituent - Silicon (Si) considered a metal (e.g., cermet, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Composition containing one of the following, in free or
combined form: a noble gas, a halogen, a chalcogen (oxygen, sulfur,
selenium or tellurium), nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon or boron.
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231 | ... Molybdenum sulfide or functional constituent, (e.g., lubricant, abrasive, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Composition in which the nonmetal is a molybdenum sulfide
or in which a solid, nonmetal component is claimed in functional
terms, such as a lubricant, an abrasive, a frictional component,
etc.
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232 | ... Oxide containing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Composition containing oxygen in chemically combined form.
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233 | .... With another nonmetal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Composition containing another nonmetal besides oxygen.
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234 | .... Oxygen (O) associated with more than one metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Composition containing oxides of more than one metal, or
containing the oxide of plural metals, e.g., a metal silicate, etc.
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235 | .... Oxide of Aluminum (Al), Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Alkaline earth metal, Scandium (Sc), Yttrium (Y), Lanthanide metal, Actinide Metal, Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Composition in which the oxide is restricted to one or more
of alumina, beryllia, magnesia, lime, strontia, baria, titania,
zirconia, hafnia, or an oxide of radium, scandium, yttrium, a lanthanide
metal or an actinide metal, including thoria and uranium oxide.
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236 | ... Carbide containing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Composition in which the nonmetal is carbon in the form
of a carbide.
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237 | .... With another nonmetal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Composition containing another nonmetal, other than carbide.
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238 | ..... Nonmetal is Boron (B) or Nitrogen (N): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Composition in which the nonmetal other than carbon is restricted
to boron and/or nitrogen.
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239 | .... Carbide only of Vanadium (V), Niobium (Nb) or Columbium (Cb), or Tantalum (Ta): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter restricted to the carbides of vanadium, niobium
(columbium) and/or tantalum.
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240 | .... Carbide only of Chromium (Cr), Molybdenum (Mo), or Tungsten (W): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Subject matter restricted to the carbides of chromium, molybdenum
and/or tungsten.
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241 | .... Carbon (C) associated with more than one metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Composition containing the carbides of more than one metal
or containing a carbide of plural metals.
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242 | ..... Free metal is Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), or Nickel (Ni) only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Composition in which the only permissible free (e.g., "cementing")
metal is one or more of iron, cobalt and nickel.
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243 | ... Nonmetal is elemental Carbon (C) only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Composition in which the only permissible nonmetal component
is carbon, and wherein the carbon is not claimed as being part of
a chemical compound.
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244 | ... Containing Boron (B) or Nitrogen (N): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Compositions in which the nonmetal component is boron and/or
nitrogen, including boron nitride.
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245 | .. Base metal one or more of transition metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Composition in which half or more of the composition, by
weight, comprises one or more, exclusively, of transition elements
(i.e., Scandium (Sc), Titanium (Ti), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr),
Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu),
Zinc (Zn), Yttrium (Y), Zirconium (Zr), Niobium (Nb) or Columbium
(Cb), Molybdenum (Mo), Technetium (Tc), Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium
(Rh), Palladium (Pd), Silver (Ag), Cadmium (Cd), Lanthanum (La),
Cerium (Ce), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium (Nd), Promethium (Pm), Samarium
(Sm), Europium (Eu), Gadolinium (Gd), Terbium (Tb), Dysprosium (Dy),
Holmium (Ho), Erbium (Er), Thulium (Tm), Ytterbium (Yb), Lutetium
(Lu), Hafnium (Hf), Tantalum (Ta), Tungsten (W), Rhenium (Re), Osmium
(Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Gold (Au), Mercury (Hg), Actinium
(Ac), Thorium (Th), Protactinium (Pa), Uranium (U), Neptunium (Np),
Plutonium (Pu), Americium (Am), Curium (Cm), Berkelium (Bk), Californium
(Cf), Einsteinium (Es), Fermium (Fm), Mendelevium (Md), Nobelium
(No), Lawrencium (Lr), Unnilquadium (Unq), Unnilpentium (Unp), and
Unnilhexium (Unh).
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246 | ... Base metal one or more of Iron group, Copper (Cu), or Noble metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Composition in which half or more of the composition, by
weight, comprises one or more metals selected exclusively from the
Iron Group (i.e., Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni)), Copper (Cu),
or Noble metal (i.e., Silver (Ag), Gold (Au), Osmium (Os), Iridium
(Ir), Platinum (Pt), Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), and Palladium
(Pd)).
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247 | .... Base metal one or more of Copper (Cu) or Noble metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Composition in which half or more of the composition, by
weight, comprises one or more, exclusively, of Copper (Cu) or Noble
metal (i.e., Silver (Ag), Gold (Au), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir),
Platinum (Pt), Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), and Palladium (Pd)).
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248 | ... Base metal confined to Tungsten (W): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Composition requiring half or more of the composition, by
weight, to be tungsten.
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249 | .. Base metal one or more of Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), or Aluminum (Al): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Composition in which half or more of the composition, by
weight, comprises one or more of aluminum, beryllium, and magnesium.
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250 | ... Base metal is Beryllium (Be) only: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Subject matter in which the base metal is confined to beryllium.
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255 | . Loose particulate mixture (i.e., composition) containing metal particles: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Composition which comprises loose particles of a metal or
alloy mixed with loose particles of a different metal or alloy or
with loose particles of a nonmetal.
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252 | .. Mixture contains particles of nonmetal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Subject matter containing, in loose, particulate form, (a)
a metal, that is, a pure metal, an alloy, an intermetallic compound
or an agglomerate which is more than half free metal, and (b) a nonmetal,
that is, a material which is more than half by weight of a nonmetal
element or compound of such element.
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253 | ... Halogen containing particles: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Subject matter in which the nonmetal is a halogen (i.e.,
Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I), and Astatine
(At)) compound.
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254 | ... Boron (B) containing particles: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Subject matter in which the nonmetal is boron or a boron
compound.
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330 | PROCESSES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Processes not otherwise provided for.
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331 | . Producing solid particulate free metal directly from liquid metal (e.g., liquid comminuting, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process in which liquid free metal is comminuted to form
discrete particles and solidified in its comminuted form.
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332 | .. With subsequent coating of the particles: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Process in which the solidified particles are coated.
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333 | .. Utilizing centrifugal force or rotating forming zone to comminute liquid metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Process in which the liquid metal is comminuted by use of centrifugal force or by use of a revolving or rotating surface. | |
334 | ... Including directing liquid metal onto rotating disc: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Process in which liquid metal is directed against a rotating thin, flat, circular plate. | |
335 | .. By vibrating or agitating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Process in which the particles are formed by agitation or vibration of the liquid metal to fling or shake off the particles. | |
336 | .. Utilizing electrothermic energy to comminute: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Process in which electrothermic energy is employed to comminute the liquid metal into particles. | |
337 | .. By impinging plural liquid streams: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Process in which the particles are formed by causing plural
liquid streams to collide forcibly.
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338 | .. By impinging or atomizing with gaseous jet or blast: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Process in which the particles are formed by impinging with or directing a jet or blast of a gas into contact with the liquid metal. | |
339 | ... Gas used is air: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 338. Process in which the gas used is air. | |
340 | .. By extrusion spraying or gravity fall through orifice: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Process in which the particles are formed by flowing or allowing the liquid metal to fall through an orifice. | |
341 | ... Into moving fluid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Process in which the formed particles pass into or through moving fluid medium. | |
342 | . Spheroidizing or rounding of existing solid metal particles: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process in which solid, irregular, or nonspherical particulate
metal is reshaped wherein the irregularities are diminished or the
particles are caused to become more spherical or rounded in shape
without loss of metal therefrom and by means other than use of a
mold or shaping surface therefore and in which the individual and separate
identities of the particles are maintained.
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343 | . Producing or purifying free metal powder or producing or purifying alloys in powder form (i.e., named or of size up to 1000 microns in its largest dimension): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process in which a free metal powder is produced or purified
or in which alloys in powder form are produced or purified.
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344 | .. Radioactive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which the free metal or alloy or metallic composition is radioactive. | |
345 | .. Utilizing electrothermic, magnetic, or wave energy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which electrothermic, magnetic, or wave energy is used. | |
346 | ... Utilizing plasma: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Process in which a wholly or partially charged mixture of gaseous ions and electrons (i.e., plasma) is the source of energy. | |
347 | ... Utilizing magnetism: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Process in which magnetism is used. | |
348 | .. Producing or purifying named magnetic material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which a named magnetic material (i.e., the magnetic
properties are specified) is purified without modifying or altering
the magnetic properties or is produced.
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349 | ... Using Phosphorus(P), Boron (B), or Silicon (Si) or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 348. Process in which Phosphorus(P), Boron (B) or Silicon (Si) or compound thereof is used. | |
350 | ... Using Alkaline earth metal or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 348. Process in which an Alkaline earth metal (i.e., Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba)) or compound thereof is used. | |
351 | .. Producing alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which an alloy is produced in powder form.
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352 | ... Including comminution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Process in which comminution is used in the production of the powder form. | |
353 | .. Utilizing scrap material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which scrap material is used as a starting material. | |
354 | .. Including comminution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which a liquid mass or solid is comminuted to
obtain a discrete powder form.
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355 | ... Directly from liquid mass (e.g., by atomizing, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Process in which a liquid solution or dispersion is comminuted to form discrete powder and is solidified in its comminuted form. A reduction of a metal compound to free metal can occur at any stage of the process. | |
356 | ... And shaping or sintering prior to comminution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Process in which the solid is shaped or sintered prior to comminution. | |
357 | ... With step at 300 degrees C or greater: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Process in which at least one process step is performed at a temperature of 300 degrees C or greater. | |
358 | .... Use of salt bath: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Process in which a salt melt is used. | |
359 | .... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Process in which a metal compound is reduced to free metal. | |
360 | .... Use of gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Process in which gas is used. | |
361 | ... Using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 354. Process in which at least one process step is performed using a nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions. | |
362 | .. Decomposition of organo-compound containing metal or metal carbonyl: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which an organo-compound containing metal or a metal carbonyl is reduced to form a free metal powder. | |
363 | .. At 300 degrees C or greater: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which at least one process step is performed at a temperature of 300 degrees C or greater. | |
364 | ... Combined with step at less than 300 degrees C using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Process in which at least one step is performed at less than 300 degrees C using a nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions. | |
365 | .... Step at 300 degrees C or greater after step at less than 300 degrees C using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Process in which at least two distinct process steps are performed. The process step at less than 300 degrees C using a nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions precedes the process step in which the temperature is 300 degrees C or greater. | |
366 | ... Utilizing a fluidized bed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Process in which a material undergoing treatment is in a highly dispersed state in a gaseous medium. | |
367 | ... Vaporizing or condensing free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Process in which the metal or alloy or metallic composition is vaporized or condensed. | |
368 | ... Settling of powder in molten metal or salt bath: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Process in which a free metal settles as a powder from a molten metal or salt bath. | |
369 | ... Purifying powdered metal or reducing powdered metal compound to free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Process in which powdered metal is purified or a powdered metal compound is reduced. | |
370 | .. Using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Process in which a nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions is used. | |
371 | ... And settling of free metal from solution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Process in which a free metal settles as a powder from a solution. | |
372 | .... Displacing by another metal (i.e., electromotive series): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Process in which the settling of free metal powder occurs by displacement of a first metal in a compound by a second metal which is more positive in the electromotive series than the first metal. | |
373 | .... Copper (Cu) recovered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Process in which the metal that is recovered by displacement is Copper (Cu). | |
374 | .... Nickel (Ni) or Cobalt (Co) recovered: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Process in which the metal that is recovered by displacement is Nickel (Ni) or Cobalt (Co). | |
10.1 | . Electrothermic processes (e.g., microwave, induction, resistance, electric arc, plasma, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process for producing or treating free metal or alloys that
involve production of thermal energy from electricity, electromagnetic,
or wave energy at any stage in the process.
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10.11 | .. With zone melting or fractional crystallization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Processes wherein solid metal is traversed by a melt zone
causing migration of impurities within the metal resulting in purification
of the metal (i.e., zone melting) or processes of refining molten
metal or metal alloys by selective crystallization and separation
of the crystalline phase from the melt to effect purification (i.e., fractional
crystallization).
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10.12 | .. Controlling process through sensed condition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Processes in which include regulating the electrothermic process through a detected condition. | |
10.13 | .. Electromagnetic wave energy (e.g., microwave, laser, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Processes in which thermal energy is produced by electromagnetic wave irradiation (e.g., microwave, laser, etc.). | |
10.14 | .. Electrical induction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Processes wherein an electric current is induced in the material being treated to provide thermal energy. | |
10.15 | ... Producing or treating Iron (Fe) or Iron alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.14. Process wherein Iron (Fe) or an alloy containing Iron in any amount is produced or treated. | |
10.16 | .... With induced magnetic stirring: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.15. Process wherein the material is mixed using induced magnetic energy. | |
10.17 | .... With gaseous treating agent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.15. Process which also involves the use of a gaseous material. | |
10.18 | ... Producing or treating Aluminum (Al), Beryllium (Be), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Magnesium (Mg), Nickel (Ni), Titanium (Ti), or alloy thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.14. Process wherein elemental Aluminum (Al), Beryllium (Be), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Magnesium (Mg), Nickel (Ni), Titanium (Ti), or alloy thereof is produced or treated. The alloy produced or treated can contain the above mentioned metals in any amount. | |
10.19 | .. Plasma: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Processes wherein a wholly or partially charged mixture of gaseous ions and electrons (i.e., plasma is the source of thermal energy). | |
10.2 | ... Influenced by magnetic field: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.19. Process wherein the plasma is influenced by a magnetic field. | |
10.21 | ... Producing or treating Aluminum (Al) or Aluminum alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.19. Process wherein elemental Aluminum (Al) or an alloy containing Aluminum in any amount is produced or treated. | |
10.22 | ... Producing or treating Iron (Fe) or Iron alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.19. Process wherein Iron (Fe) or an alloy containing Iron in any amount is produced or treated. | |
10.23 | .. Consumable metal-containing electrode: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Processes wherein an electrode containing a metal, metal
compound or alloy is used up or melted by electrothermic energy
and the metal therefrom incorporated in a molten substrate.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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10.24 | ... Electroslag remelting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.23. Process wherein the electrode is in electrical contact with a slag and the electrical current therebetween melts the electrode causing the molten metal therefrom to be refined by passing through the slag. | |
10.25 | .... Producing or treating Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Titanium (Ti), or alloy thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.24. Process wherein elemental Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Titanium (Ti), or alloy thereof is produced or treated by electroslag remelting. The alloy produced or treated can contain the above mentioned metals in any amount. | |
10.26 | ... Producing or treating Titanium (Ti) or Zirconium (Zr) or alloy thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.23. Process wherein elemental Titanium (Ti) or Zirconium (Zr) or alloy thereof, is produced or treated using a consumable electrode. The alloy produced or treated can contain the above mentioned metals in any amount. | |
10.27 | .. Carbothermic reduction of Aluminum (Al) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Processes wherein an Aluminum (Al) compound is reduced in the presence of a carbonaceous material, carbon or carbide. | |
10.28 | .. With volatilization of metal halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process that involves the gasification or formation and gasification of a metal halide. | |
10.29 | .. Distillation or volatilization of refined metal or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein refined metal or metal compound is condensed
or gasified.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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10.3 | ... Producing Zinc (Zn): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.29. Process wherein the volatilized metal is Zinc (Zn). | |
10.31 | .... From consolidated material (e.g., briquette, pellet, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.3. Process wherein the Zinc (Zn) containing material is charged or utilized in consolidated form (e.g., briquette, pellet, etc.). | |
10.32 | .... With electric arc: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.3. Process wherein an electric arc is used. | |
10.33 | ... Producing Magnesium (Mg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.29. Process wherein the volatilized metal is Magnesium (Mg). | |
10.34 | .. Rotating chamber: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein a chamber or converter that rotates 360 degrees is used. | |
10.35 | .. Reducing or smelting slag or dross as starting material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process in which a slag or dross is the starting material that is reduced or smelted. | |
10.36 | .. Exhaust or top gas reused or treated: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein an exhaust or top gas from any process stage is reused or treated. | |
10.37 | ... With production of electrical energy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.36. Process wherein all or a portion of the exhaust or top gas
is used to generate electrical energy.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
10.38 | ... Producing or treating Iron (Fe) or Iron alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.36. Process wherein Iron (Fe) or Iron containing alloy is produced or treated. | |
10.39 | .. Adding gaseous treating agent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein a gaseous treating agent is injected into or onto, or through the charge or melt. | |
10.4 | ... Gas contains gaseous Oxygen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.39. Process wherein Oxygen gas or an Oxygen gas containing gaseous composition (e.g., air) is the treating agent. | |
10.41 | .... Producing or treating Iron (Fe) or Iron alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.4. Process wherein Iron (Fe) or Iron containing alloy is produced. | |
10.42 | ..... With charge melting by electrothermal energy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.41. Process wherein the charge is melted by electrothermal energy (e.g., in an electric furnace, etc.). | |
10.43 | ... Hydrogen or Water vapor: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.39. Process wherein hydrogen or water vapor is the treating agent. | |
10.44 | ... Carbon monoxide or Carbon dioxide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.39. Process wherein Carbon monoxide or Carbon dioxide is the treating agent. | |
10.45 | ... Noble gas, Nitrogen, or inert gas not otherwise identified: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.39. Process wherein Argon (Ar), Helium (He), Krypton (Kr), Neon (Ne), Radon (Rn), Xenon (Xe), Nitrogen (N), or an inert gas not otherwise identified is the treating agent. | |
10.46 | .. Adding solid treating agent, slag, or flux: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein a solid treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux is added to the charge or melt. | |
10.47 | ... Magnesium (Mg) or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.46. Process wherein Magnesium (Mg) or a Magnesium compound (e.g., Magnesia, etc.) is present in the treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
10.48 | ... Aluminum (Al) or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.46. Process wherein Aluminum (Al); or an Aluminum compound (e.g., Alumina, etc.) is present in the treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
10.49 | ... Boron (B) or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.46. Process wherein Boron (B) or Boron compound (e.g., borax, Boron carbide, etc.) is present in the treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
10.5 | ... Silicon (Si) or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.46. Process wherein Silicon (Si) or a Silicon compound (e.g.,
Silica, etc.) is present in the treating agent, separately prepared
slag, or flux.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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10.51 | .... Ferrosilicon alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.5. Process wherein a Ferrosilicon alloy is present in the treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
10.52 | .... Silicon carbide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.5. Process wherein Silicon carbide is present in the treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
10.53 | .... With lime present: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.5. Process wherein Calcium oxide (i.e., lime) is present with the Silicon (Si) or Silicon compound. | |
10.54 | ... Alkali metal, Alkaline earth metal, or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.46. Process wherein an Alkali metal, Alkaline earth metal, or compound thereof is present in the treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
10.55 | .... Calcium fluoride (e.g., Fluorspar, Fluorite, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.54. Process wherein Calcium fluoride (e.g., Fluorspar, Fluorite, etc.) is the Alkaline earth metal compound. | |
10.56 | .... Calcium carbide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.54. Process wherein a Calcium carbide is the Alkaline earth metal compound. | |
10.57 | .... Calcium carbonate (e.g., limestone, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.54. Process wherein Calcium carbonate is the Alkaline earth metal compound. | |
10.58 | .... Calcium oxide (e.g., lime, calx, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.54. Process wherein a Calcium oxide (e.g., lime, calx, etc.) is the Alkaline earth metal compound. | |
10.59 | ... Carbon (C) containing material (e.g., Carbon, carbonaceous material, Carbide, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.46. Process wherein a Carbon (C) containing material (e.g., Carbon, carbonaceous material, Carbide, etc.) is present in the treating agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
10.6 | .... Producing or treating Iron (Fe) or Iron alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.59. Process wherein Iron (Fe) or Iron containing alloy is produced or treated. | |
10.61 | ..... With electric arc: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.6. Process wherein an electric arc is used. | |
10.62 | .. Reducing or smelting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein there is a reducing or smelting operation and which are not classifiable in the subclasses herein above provided. | |
10.63 | ... Producing or treating Iron (Fe) or Iron alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.62. Process wherein Iron (Fe) or Iron containing alloy is produced or treated. | |
10.64 | .. Vacuum purifying or degassing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein reduced pressure is used to purify or degas the molten metal. | |
10.65 | .. Melting or holding melt: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1. Process wherein there is a melting step or a step of holding the material in a molten state. | |
10.66 | ... Producing or treating Iron (Fe) or Iron alloy: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 10.65. Process wherein Iron (Fe) or Iron containing alloy is produced or treated. | |
10.67 | . Magnetic (e.g., electromagnetic, etc.) or electrostatic processes: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process wherein magnetic (e.g., electromagnetic etc.) or
electrostatic energy is used for purposes other than production
of heat (e.g., stirring transporting, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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375 | . Process control responsive to sensed condition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process in which the operation is regulated by perceiving a characteristic or a change in a characteristic of the material or the apparatus and implementing an action in the process based upon the measured characteristic. | |
376 | .. Removing material from process to sense condition: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Process in which a sample is taken from the process to determine a characteristic or a change in a characteristic of the material in order to regulate the process. | |
377 | ... Material removed is molten metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Process in which the sample taken from the process is molten metal. | |
378 | .. Pressure sensed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Process in which the pressure of the material is determined. | |
379 | ... Of feed gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Process in which the pressure of a gas being fed to the process is determined. | |
380 | .. Temperature sensed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Process in which the temperature of the material is determined. | |
381 | ... Of waste gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 380. Process in which the temperature of the waste gas is determined. | |
382 | ... Of molten metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 380. Process in which the temperature of the molten metal is determined. | |
383 | ... Of sintered material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 380. Process in which the temperature of the sintered material is determined. | |
384 | .. Composition sensed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Process in which the composition of the material is determined. | |
385 | ... Of waste gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 384. Process in which the composition of the off-gas is determined. | |
386 | .. Characteristic of treated material sensed (e.g., density, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Process in which a physical or mechanical characteristic of the treated material is determined. | |
387 | .. Flow rate sensed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Process in which the flow rate of the material is determined. | |
388 | . Preparing for amalgamation, preparing and amalgamating or breaking amalgam to produce free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process which is a (1) preparatory chemical process for
producing an intermediate for amalgamation, (2) preparatory chemical
process followed by amalgamation or (3) chemical or physiochemical
process of breaking the amalgam thus formed to liberate the desired free
metal (e.g., sublimation of mercury, dissolution or displacement
of the metal from the amalgam, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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389 | .. And displacing with a metal other than Mercury (Hg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 388. Process wherein a more electropositive free metal displaces
a less electropositive metal from solution in a free metal form,
while the more electropositive metal is not Mercury (Hg).
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390 | .. Utilizing a Halogen containing agent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 388. Process wherein a Halogen containing agent (e.g., Chlorine, Hydrochloric acid, Sodium iodide, etc.) is used at any stage in the process. | |
391 | .. Utilizing a Nitrogen (N) containing agent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 388. Process wherein a Nitrogen (N) containing agent (e.g., salt peter, Nitric acid, Ammonium sulfate, Nitrogen dioxide, etc.) is used at any stage in the process. | |
392 | . Producing or treating free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process wherein elemental metal is produced from metal compounds,
such as ore, or wherein elemental metal is treated by a process
not provided for elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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393 | .. Utilizing Radioactive material, producing or treating Radioactive metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which a Radioactive material is used to produce
or to treat a free metal, in which a Radioactive metal (i.e., Technetium
(Tc), Promethium (Pm), Polonium (Po), Francium (Fr), Radium (Ra),
Actinium (Ac), Thorium (Th), Protactinium (Pa), Uranium (U), Neptunium
(Np), Plutonium (Pu), Americium (Am), Curium (Cm), Berkelium (Bk),
Californium (Cf), Einsteinium (Es), Fermium (Fm), Mendelevium (Md),
Nobelium (No), Lawrencium (Lr), Unnilquadium (Unq), Unnilpentium
(Unp), Unnilhexium (Unh)) is produced, or in which a metal that
contains a Radioactive metal is treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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394 | ... Thorium (Th): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Process in which Thorium (Th) is produced, a metal that contains Thorium is treated, or a material that contains Thorium is used to produce or to treat a free metal. | |
395 | .... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 394. Process in which a Thorium (Th) compound is reduced to metal. | |
396 | ... Plutonium (Pu): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Process in which Plutonium (Pu) is produced, a metal that contains Plutonium is used to produce or to treat a free metal. | |
397 | .... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 396. Process in which a Plutonium (Pu) compound is reduced to metal. | |
398 | ... Uranium (U): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Process in which Uranium (U) is produced, a metal that contains Uranium is treated, or a material that contains Uranium is used to produce or to treat a free metal. | |
399 | .... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Process in which a Uranium (U) compound is reduced to metal. | |
400 | .. Free metal production from sea nodules: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process wherein elemental metal is produced from metalliferous
lumps found on the bed of the sea. These lumps are usually high
in manganese.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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401 | .. Treating multi-component metal-containing scrap having an integral substrate to separate metal therefrom by temperature modification or chemical process at 300 degrees C or greater wherein at least one metal remains solid during separation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which a multicomponent metal-containing scrap
having an integral substrate is separated to recover metal. During
the separation at least one metal remains solid. The separation
is performed by changing the temperature of the scrap or by chemically
processing the scrap at 300 degrees C or greater.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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402 | ... Utilizing molten salt bath: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Process in which a molten salt bath is used in the separation. | |
403 | ... Removing nonmetal from metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Process in which a material other than free metal is removed from metal. | |
404 | .. Separating liquid metal by centrifuging: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which an apparatus consisting essentially of
a compartment spun about a central axis is used to separate liquid
metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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405 | .. Removing gas from liquid metal by use of gas permeable membrane: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which the liquid metal containing a gas is contacted
with one side of a gas permeable membrane to selectively permeate
the gas through the membrane to remove the gas from the liquid metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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406 | .. Adsorbing impurity from vaporous or liquid metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which a contaminant is removed from vaporous or liquid metal by contacting the metal with a material that has an affinity for the contaminant such that the contaminant adheres to the reactive surfaces of the material. | |
407 | .. Filtering vaporous or liquid metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which vaporous or liquid metal passes through a filter. | |
408 | ... Alkali metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Process in which the vaporous or liquid metal contains over 50 percent by weight of an Alkali metal (i.e., Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs)), singly or in combination. | |
409 | ... Magnesium (Mg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Process in which the vaporous or liquid metal contains over 50 percent by weight Magnesium (Mg). | |
410 | ... Noble metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Process in which the vaporous or liquid contains over 50 percent by weight of a Noble metal (i.e., Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rd), Palladium (Pd), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)), singly or in combination. | |
411 | ... Copper (Cu): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Process in which the vaporous or liquid metal contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu). | |
412 | ... Aluminum (Al): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Process in which the vaporous or liquid metal contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al). | |
413 | .. From metal carbonyl or Carbon monoxide complex: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which free metal is obtained from a metal carbonyl or a Carbon monoxide complex. | |
414 | .. At 300 degrees C or greater (e.g., pyrometallurgy, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process of producing or treating free metal wherein at least
one step of the process takes place at a temperature of over 300
degrees C.
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415 | ... Foam: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Process which produces a metal product which has a mass
of pores.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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416 | ... Combined with step at less than 300 degrees C using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions (e.g., hydrometallurgy, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Process wherein a step at over 300 degrees C is combined
with a step at less than 300 degrees C the latter step employing
a nonmetallic material which is a liquid under standard conditions. The
steps may take place in any order.
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417 | .... Obtaining metal from photographic waste: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein the source of metal is photographic waste.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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418 | .... Obtaining metal from electrolytic slime: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein the source of metal is the slime that accumulates on the bottom of electrolytic cells during electrolysis. | |
419 | .... Step at less than 300 degrees C using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions after a step at 300 degrees C or greater: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein a step at less than 300 degrees C using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions occurs after a step at 300 degrees C or greater. | |
420 | ..... Step at less than 300 degrees C using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions is reduction to free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Process wherein reduction to free metal occurs in a step at less than 300 degrees C using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions, which step is after a step at over 300 degrees C. | |
421 | ...... Noble metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Process wherein the free metal produced is a Noble metal. | |
422 | ....... Silver (Ag): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 421. Process wherein the Noble metal produced is Silver (Ag). | |
423 | ....... Gold (Au): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 421. Process wherein the Noble metal produced is Gold (Au). | |
424 | ...... Copper (Cu): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Process wherein the free metal produced is Copper (Cu). | |
425 | ...... Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), or Nickel (Ni): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Process wherein the free metal produced is Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), or Nickel (Ni). | |
426 | .... Noble metal obtained: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein the metal obtained is a Noble metal. | |
427 | ..... Silver (Ag): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Process wherein the metal obtained is Silver (Ag). | |
428 | ..... Gold (Au): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Process wherein the metal obtained is Gold (Au). | |
429 | .... Copper (Cu) obtained: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein the metal obtained is Copper (Cu). | |
430 | .... Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), or Nickel (Ni) obtained: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein the metal obtained is Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), or Nickel (Ni). | |
431 | .... Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), or Mercury (Hg) obtained: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein the metal obtained is Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), or Mercury (Hg). | |
432 | .... Tin (Sn) or Lead (Pb) obtained: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Process wherein the metal obtained is Tin (Sn) or Lead (Pb). | |
433 | ... Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Process in which Iron (Fe) is produced or a metal that contains
over 50 percent by weight Iron is treated.
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434 | .... With concurrent production of hydraulic cement: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein an inorganic material intended to harden by addition of water is produced concurrently with Iron (Fe). | |
435 | .... With concurrent production of Titanium dioxide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is produced concurrently with Iron (Fe). | |
436 | .... With consolidation (e.g., pelletizing, etc.) of solid metallic Iron (Fe) product after reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein a solid elemental Iron (Fe) containing product is consolidated (e.g., pelletized, briquetted, etc.) after being reduced. This is usually done to decrease surface area and thus inhibit oxidation. | |
437 | .... Reducing Iron (Fe) halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein a compound of Iron (Fe) and Halogen (e.g., Iron halide, etc.) is reduced to yield metallic Iron. | |
438 | .... Making wrought Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process for making the commercial product called "wrought Iron (Fe)" which is a very low Carbon (C) (less than 0.1%) Iron intimately admixed with a slag. The conventional process heats molten pig Iron in a reverberatory furnace. The Carbon is burned out causing the Iron to become pasty, at which point it is rolled into balls and worked to remove excess slag. | |
439 | ..... Pouring molten Iron (Fe) into molten slag (i.e., aston process): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Process wherein molten low Carbon (C) Iron (Fe) is poured into molten slag. The Iron becomes intimately mixed with the slag and then settles, carrying with it some slag. Liquid slag is poured off and the pasty Iron-slag mixture is worked to yield wrought Iron. | |
440 | ..... Utilizing moving hearth: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Process wherein the Iron (Fe) is treated on a moving hearth (e.g., rocking, etc.). | |
441 | ..... Directly from Iron (Fe) compound only (no metallic Iron): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Process wherein over 50 percent of the Iron (Fe) in the final wrought Iron product is added to the process as an Iron compound, such as ore, instead of in the metallic state. | |
442 | ...... In moving furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 441. Process in which the wrought Iron (Fe) is prepared in a furnace which moves during the process (e.g., rocking, rotating, etc.). | |
443 | .... Reducing in gaseous suspension: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) compound, generally in particulate form, is reduced to elemental Iron while suspended in a gas. | |
444 | ..... Fluidized bed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Process wherein particulate Iron (Fe) compound (e.g., ore, etc.) is kept in motion and suspended by the upward flow of gas, the suspension acting much like a fluid. | |
445 | ...... With melting of Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Process which includes melting of the metallic Iron (Fe) produced. | |
446 | ....... Outside the fluidized bed: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Process wherein the metallic Iron (Fe) produced in the fluidized bed is melted outside the fluidized bed. | |
447 | ...... With solid in fluidized bed in addition to reducible Iron (Fe) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Process wherein the fluidized bed contains a solid material in addition to the reducible Iron (Fe) compound. | |
448 | ....... Carbon (C): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 447. Process wherein the solid is Carbon (C). | |
449 | ........ Generated in situ: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Process wherein the Carbon (C) is not added in solid form,
but solid Carbon is generated in the fluidized bed by chemical reaction.
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450 | ...... Using plural fluidized bed furnaces: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Process in which the solid material passes from one fluidized bed furnace to another. | |
451 | ...... Using plural fluidized bed zones within a furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 444. Process which employs two or more separate fluidized bed zones within a single outer shell. | |
452 | ..... Solid product produced (without melting): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Process in which solid elemental Iron (Fe) is produced without melting. | |
453 | ..... Cyclone apparatus used: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Process wherein gas containing a suspension of Iron compound or reduced Iron compound is introduced into an apparatus tangentially so as to create a swirl. This apparatus may be used to effect reduction or to separate the Iron (Fe) produced from the gas. | |
454 | ..... Using same inlet to feed solid and gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Process wherein the solid to be reduced and a reducing gas are fed into the apparatus, where reduction occurs, through the same inlet. | |
455 | ...... Inlet is a burner: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Process wherein the gas is combustible and is ignited immediately
upon leaving the inlet.
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456 | ....... Burner is horizontal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 455. Process wherein the inlet projects the solid-gas mixture into the apparatus horizontally. | |
457 | ...... Inlet feeds upwardly: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Process wherein the gas and solid are fed to the reducing apparatus in an upward direction. | |
458 | .... Blast furnace reduction to produce molten Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) compound is reduced in a shaft furnace with solid reductant, normally coke, with a preheated forced blast of gas containing gaseous Oxygen, normally air. A blast furnace is operated in a continuous manner, with additional burden (i.e., solid Iron compound, reductant, and flux) being added at the top of the furnace as the burden is consumed. Preheated gas containing gaseous Oxygen (the "blast") is added under pressure through tuyeres just above the level of molten Iron and slag produced by the reduction. | |
459 | ..... Using additive to the blast: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Process wherein an additional substance other than ambient air is intentionally added to the blast forced under pressure through the tuyeres. | |
460 | ...... Carbonaceous: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Process wherein the added substance contains Carbon (C) in any form (free or combined). | |
461 | ....... Slurry of solid in liquid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 460. Process wherein the carbonaceous additive is a solid suspended in a liquid, one or both of the solid and liquid containing Carbon (C) in any form (free or combined). | |
462 | ....... Liquid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 460. Process wherein the carbonaceous additive is a liquid at ordinary room temperature. | |
463 | ....... Gaseous: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 460. Process in which the carbonaceous additive is a gas at ordinary temperature and pressure. | |
464 | ........ Recycled off gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 463. Process wherein the carbonaceous gas is taken from the top of the blast furnace and recycled to the tuyeres. | |
465 | ...... Water: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Process wherein water is added to the blast.
| |||
466 | ...... Oxygen enrichment: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Process wherein the blast contains more gaseous oxygen than the ambient air. | |
467 | ..... Tapping molten product: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Process including a step of tapping a molten product from the blast furnace (e.g., molten Iron, slag, etc.). | |
468 | ..... Top gas recovery: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Process which includes a step of handling, treating, or using the gas which comes off the top of the blast furnace after passing through the burden (e.g., by recovering a byproduct, removing pollutants, or recovering heat, etc.). | |
469 | ..... Specified method of charging burden: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Process in which the charging of solid material at the top of the furnace is recited in more detail than a single step of nominal charging. | |
470 | ..... Defined composition of slag: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Process wherein the composition of the molten slag produced in the process is of a defined composition other than nominal "slag." | |
471 | ..... Defined composition of reductant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Process wherein the composition of the reductant of the
Iron (Fe) compound is defined as other than nominal coke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
472 | ..... Defined composition of Iron (Fe) source: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Process wherein the composition of the Iron (Fe) source
is specified.
| |||
473 | .... Reduction in closed retort (e.g., Hoganas process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein no substance is added to the batch during
the reduction (e.g., heating a closed mixture of ore and Carbon
(C), etc.).
| |||
474 | .... Reduction in rotary kiln: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein a reducible Iron (Fe) compound is reduced
to metallic Iron in an approximately cylindrical vessel rotating
on its axis. The axis is horizontal or inclined less than 45 degrees
from horizontal. The vessel rotates in only one direction through
an angle of over 360 degrees during the reduction and rotates substantially
continuously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
475 | ..... With melting of Iron (Fe) product: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Process wherein the metallic Iron (Fe) product is melted. | |
476 | ...... Iron (Fe) product melted within rotary kiln: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 475. Process wherein the Iron (Fe) product is melted within the rotary kiln. | |
477 | ..... Introducing solid reductant into rotary kiln: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Process wherein a solid substance which reduces an Iron
(Fe) compound to metallic Iron is introduced into the rotary kiln.
| |||
478 | ...... Solid reductant is recycled: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Process wherein solid reductant discharged from the rotary
kiln is recycled back into the rotary kiln.
| |||
479 | ...... Any part of the charge is consolidated by agglomerating, compacting, indurating, or sintering (e.g., pelletized ore, flux, or reductant, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Process wherein any or all components of the material charged
into the rotary kiln are consolidated by agglomerating, compacting,
indurating, or sintering.
| |||
480 | ...... Reducible Iron (Fe) compound and solid reductant fed through same end of rotary kiln: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Process wherein solid reductant and reducible Iron (Fe) compound are fed into the rotary kiln from the same end of the kiln. | |
481 | ....... Mixed prior to charging: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 480. Process in which reducible Iron (Fe) compound and solid reductant are mixed together prior to charging and the mixture is then charged. | |
482 | ..... With generation of gaseous reductant outside rotary kiln: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Process employing a gaseous reductant which is generated outside the rotary kiln in a separate device (e.g., coal gasifier, etc.). | |
483 | .... Superposed multiple hearth reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process in which a reducible Iron (Fe) compound is passed downwardly from one hearth to another hearth located immediately below during its reduction to metallic Iron. Usually there are three or more superposed hearths with the reducible Iron compound passing downward from hearth to hearth during the process. | |
484 | .... Moving furnace or hearth (e.g., moving belt, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process which employs a furnace wherein the part containing
or supporting the reducible Iron (Fe) compound moves during the
reduction. The movement need not be continuous, but may be intermittent
only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||
485 | ..... Reduction in molten state: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Process wherein some material is molten during the reduction (e.g., slag, Iron, etc.) and ingredients for carrying out the reduction are added to the melt. | |
486 | .... Heating reduction zone by heat conducted through walls of zone: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein a reducible Iron (Fe) compound is reduced in a zone in which at least part of the heat required for the reduction is supplied by conduction through the walls of the zone (e.g., external heating of apparatus, etc.). | |
487 | ..... Shaft furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 486. Process wherein the apparatus whose exterior is heated is a shaft furnace. | |
488 | .... Reduction to metallic Iron (Fe) within shaft furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) compound is reduced in a shaft furnace. | |
489 | ..... Externally supplied gas reductant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Process wherein a gaseous reductant is introduced into the
shaft furnace from outside the furnace.
| |||
490 | ...... Solid Iron (Fe) produced within shaft furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 489. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) compound is reduced to solid
metallic Iron within the shaft furnace without melting the so produced
Iron.
| |||
491 | ....... With melting Iron (Fe) product outside shaft furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Process wherein the solid Iron (Fe) produced in the shaft furnace is melted outside the shaft furnace. | |
492 | ........ With gasification of solid carbonaceous material in melt (e.g., coal, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Process wherein coal is added to the molten Iron (Fe) and a gas (usually Oxygen or air) is passed through the melt to convert the coal in the melt to a reducing gas which is then employed in the shaft furnace reduction. | |
493 | ....... Using solid Carbon (C) to generate gas in separate furnace (e.g., Wiberg process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Process wherein the gaseous reductant is manufactured from solid Carbon (C) in a furnace separate from the shaft furnace in which reduction to metallic Iron (Fe) takes place. | |
494 | ........ Solid Carbon (C) is coal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 493. Process in which the solid Carbon (C) employed to generate reducing gas is coal. | |
495 | ....... Direct addition of gas containing gaseous Oxygen or water to shaft furnace (e.g., continuous HyL process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Process wherein a gas containing gaseous Oxygen or Water is added directly to the shaft furnace without being admixed with or reacted with another material before the addition. | |
496 | ....... With reformation of reducing gas in separate furnace (e.g., Midrex process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Process in which a reducing gas is reacted in a separate
furnace to change its chemical composition prior to being introduced
into the shaft furnace.
| |||
497 | ........ With plural reformers (e.g., Purofer process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 496. Process wherein two or more reforming furnaces are employed. | |
498 | ........ With addition of steam to reformer (e.g., Armco process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 496. Process wherein steam is added to the reformer as a reactant. | |
499 | ..... Molten Iron (Fe) produced in shaft furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 488. Process wherein the Iron (Fe) produced in the shaft furnace is melted in the shaft furnace. | |
500 | .... Reduction in molten state: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein some material is molten during the reduction (e.g., slag, Iron, etc.), and ingredients for carrying out the reaction are added to the melt. | |
501 | ..... Gas injection below surface of melt: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Process wherein a gas is injected below the surface of the melt wherein reduction is taking place. | |
502 | ..... Gas injection over surface of melt (e.g., as in reverberatory furnace, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Process wherein gas is passed over the surface of the melt.
| |||
503 | .... Reduction in presence of solid Carbon (C) containing material (e.g., coke, coal, carbides, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) compound is reduced to metallic Iron in the presence of a solid containing Carbon. The Carbon may be either in elemental (e.g., coke, coal, etc.) or combined (e.g., carbide, etc.) form. | |
504 | ..... Including consolidation of solid Carbon (C) containing material with reducible Iron (Fe) compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 503. Process wherein the solid Carbon (C) containing material
and a reducible Iron (Fe) compound are consolidated together before
or during the reduction of the Iron compound.
| |||
505 | .... Reduction with externally applied gas (e.g., batch HyL process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) compound is reduced to metallic
Iron by a gas which is added to the Iron compound from outside the apparatus
in which the Iron compound is reduced.
| |||
506 | .... Reduction in the presence of liquid carbonaceous reductant (e.g., petroleum, pitch, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) compound is reduced in the presence of a carbonaceous substance added in a liquid state to the apparatus containing the Iron compound. | |
507 | .... Melting Iron (Fe) or treating molten Iron: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 433. Process wherein a metal that contains over 50 percent by
weight Iron (Fe) is melted or is treated in the molten state (e.g.,
to purify it or to improve its properties, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||||||||
508 | ..... Vacuum treatment of molten Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein a molten metal that contains over 50 percent
by weight Iron (Fe) is treated in a gas pressure significantly less
than one atmosphere pressure.
| |||
509 | ...... Free falling stream or spray of molten Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Process wherein an unconfined stream or spray of a molten
metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) is treated
in a vacuum.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
510 | ...... Vacuum lift: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Process in which a vacuum causes a molten metal that contains
over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) to be lifted above the level
of the container in which it is held.
| |||
511 | ....... With addition of gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Process wherein a gas is intentionally added to the molten
metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) while it
is being treated by lifting under a vacuum.
| |||
512 | ...... With addition of gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Process wherein a gas is intentionally added to the molten
metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) while it
is being treated under vacuum.
| |||
513 | ..... In reverberatory furnace (e.g., open-hearth, Siemens-Martin, puddling, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process which is carried out in a reverberatory furnace.
A reverberatory furnace is one in which solid fuel is not burned
in contact with the liquid or solid metal that contains over 50 percent
by weight Iron (Fe). There is a roof over the hearth in which the
metal is melted or the molten metal is treated, and either solid
fuel is burned next to the hearth, but under the roof, by which
means heat is reflected onto the metal by the roof, or in which
gaseous fuel is burned over the metal in the hearth and heat is reflected
down onto the hearth by the roof.
| |||
514 | ...... With treating of molten Iron (Fe) with gas outside reverberatory furnace (e.g., in Bessemer converter, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process including a step wherein a gas is injected into,
onto, or through molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight
Iron (Fe) or a slag layer thereon while the molten metal is outside
the reverberatory furnace. This step may take place prior to or
subsequently to treatment of the metal in a reverberatory furnace.
| |||
515 | ...... With melting Iron (Fe) in shaft furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process in which the melting of solid metal that contains
over 50 percent by weight Iron in a shaft furnace is combined with
a process step taking place in a reverberatory furnace.
| |||
516 | ...... Using gaseous Oxygen in a higher concentration than in ambient air: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process which employs a gas which has a higher concentration
of Oxygen than that of ambient air for any purpose.
| |||
517 | ...... With addition of solid elemental Carbon (C) or employing elemental Carbon furnace lining: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process in which solid elemental Carbon (C) is present in the reverberatory furnace at any time during the melting of metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) or treatment of molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron, or in which the reverberatory furnace employs a lining which includes elemental Carbon. | |
518 | ...... With compound containing Alkali metal and Oxygen (e.g., Sodium nitrate, Sodium carbonate, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process wherein a compound containing Alkali metal and Oxygen (e.g. Sodium nitrate, Sodium carbonate, etc.) is present in the reverberatory furnace at any time during the process. | |
519 | ...... With Halogen or Halogen containing compound (e.g., Sodium chloride, Fluorspar, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process wherein elemental Halogen or a Halogen compound is present in the reverberatory furnace at any time during the process. | |
520 | ...... With Alkaline earth metal or Magnesium (Mg) containing compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process wherein an Alkaline earth metal compound or a Magnesium
(Mg) compound is present in the reverberatory furnace at any time during
the process.
| |||
521 | ...... With Transition metal compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process wherein a compound of a Transition metal (i.e.,
Scandium (Sc), Titanium (Ti), Vanadium (V), Chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn),
Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), NIckel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Yttrium
(Y), Zirconium (Zr), Niobium (Nb) or Columbium (Cb), Molybdenum
(Mo), Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Palladium (Pd), Silver (Ag),
Cadmium (Cd), Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium
(Nd), Samarium (Sm), Europium (Eu), Gadolinium (Gd), Terbium (Tb),
Dysprosium (Dy), Holmium (Ho), Erbium (Er), Thulium (Tm), Ytterbium
(Yb), Lutetium (Lu), Hafnium (Hf), Tantalum (Ta), Tungsten (W),
Rhenium (Re), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Gold (Au),
and Mercury (Hg)) is present in the reverberatory furnace at any
time during the process.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
522 | ....... Iron oxide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Process wherein the Transition metal compound contains only Iron (Fe) and Oxygen (O). | |
523 | ...... Melting solid Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Process wherein solid metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) is melted in the reverberatory furnace. | |
524 | ..... Sequential treatment of molten Iron (Fe) in plural apparatus with different linings (e.g., acid Bessemer followed by basic Bessemer, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein premelted metal that contains over 50 percent
by weight Iron (Fe) is treated in one apparatus and then transferred
to another apparatus and treated wherein there is an intentional,
claimed difference in the linings between the different apparatus.
| |||
525 | ..... Impinging free falling molten metal stream or spray with a gas or solid agent or spraying (e.g., atomizing, etc.) of molten metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein a free falling molten metal stream or spray
is impinged during free fall with a gas or solid agent or wherein
a molten metal is sprayed (e.g., atomized, etc.) to treat the molten
metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
526 | ..... Adding solid treating agent in form of wire, rod, or article with surface feature or in container or by plunging means: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein the solid treating agent is added in the form of a wire, rod, or article with a surface feature or in a container or a process wherein the solid treating agent is added to the molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) by an apparatus or device that mechanically plunges the solid treating agent into the molten metal. | |
527 | ..... In rotary kiln (e.g., Kaldo process, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein a gas or solid treating agent is injected into premelted metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) or slag thereon and wherein the premelted metal is agitated at any molten process stage by a chamber or converter that rotates 360 degrees. | |
528 | ..... Injecting gas or nonmetalliferous liquid which gasifies into, onto, or through premelted Iron (Fe) or slag layer thereon: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein a gas or nonmetalliferous liquid that gasifies
(e.g., oil, Water, etc.) under the operating conditions is injected
into, onto, or through the premelted metal that contains over 50
percent by weight Iron (Fe) or slag layer thereon.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
529 | ...... With hydrocarbon liquid or gas present: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 528. Process wherein a liquid or gaseous compound consisting
only of Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) (e.g., Propane, Butane, petroleum,
etc.) is present during the treatment of the premelted metal that
contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe).
| |||
530 | ....... And hydrocarbon in surrounding relationship to gaseous Oxygen (e.g., hydrocarbon in outer concentric tube, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 529. Process wherein a liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon is in a
surrounding relationship to oxygen gas or an oxygen gas containing
gas composition (e.g., hydrocarbon in outer concentric tube, etc.).
| |||
531 | ...... And adding solid agent, slag, or flux to premelted Iron (Fe) or slag layer thereon: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 528. Process wherein premelted metal that contains over 50 percent
by weight Iron (Fe) or slag layer thereon is contacted with a solid
treating agent, a separately prepared slag, or flux.
| |||||
532 | ....... Loose elemental Carbon (C), coal, or coke (e.g., carburizing, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Process wherein the solid agent added to the molten metal
that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) or slag layer
thereon is loose elemental Carbon (C), coal, or coke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||||
533 | ....... With solid entrained in gas or injected by gas pressure: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Process wherein a solid agent is entrained in or injected
by gas pressure.
| |||
534 | ........ Boron (B) or compound thereof used in process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Process wherein Boron (B) or compound thereof is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux used for treating at any process stage. | |
535 | ........ Metal halide used in process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Process wherein a metal halide (e.g., Sodium chloride, Fluorspar, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux used for treating at any process stage. | |
536 | ........ Carbide used in process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Process wherein a binary Carbon (C) compound of a metal (i.e., Carbide) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux used for treating at any process stage. | |
537 | ........ Elemental metal or elemental Silicon (Si) used in process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Process wherein elemental metal (e.g., scrap, Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), etc.) or elemental Silicon (Si) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux used for treating at any process stage. | |
538 | ........ Iron (Fe) containing compound used in process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) containing compound (e.g., ore, scale, Iron oxide, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux used for treating at any process stage. | |
539 | ........ Alkali metal compound or Alkaline earth metal compound used in process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Process wherein an Alkali metal compound (e.g., Sodium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate, etc.) or an Alkaline earth metal compound (e.g., Calcium oxide, Calcium carbonate, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux used for treating at any process stage. | |
540 | ....... Gas contains gaseous Oxygen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Process wherein Oxygen gas or Oxygen gas containing composition (e.g., air, etc.) is the injected gas. | |
541 | ........ Metal halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Process wherein a metal halide (e.g., Sodium chloride, Fluorspar, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
542 | ........ Carbide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Process wherein a binary Carbon (C) compound of a metal (i.e., Carbide) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
543 | ........ Elemental metal or elemental Silicon (Si): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Process wherein elemental metal (e.g., scrap, Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), etc.) or elemental Silicon (Si) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
544 | ........ Iron (Fe) containing compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) containing compound (e.g., ore, scale, Iron oxide, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
545 | ........ Alkali metal compound or Alkaline earth metal compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Process wherein an Alkali metal compound (e.g., Sodium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate, etc.) or an Alkaline earth metal compound (e.g., Calcium oxide, Calcium Carbonate, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
546 | ....... Noble gas or inert gas not otherwise identified: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Process wherein a Noble gas (i.e., Helium (He), Neon (Ne),
Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), or Xenon (Xe) or an inert gas not otherwise
identified is the injected gas.
| |||
547 | ....... Gas compound containing Oxygen (e.g., Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide, Water, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Process wherein the injected gas is a compound containing
Oxygen (e.g., Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide, Water, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
548 | ...... Gas contains gaseous Oxygen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 528. Process wherein Oxygen gas or an Oxygen gas containing composition (e.g., air, etc.) is the injected gas. | |
549 | ....... With treatment of exhaust gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Process wherein the exhaust or waste gas from the process is treated separately from the molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe). | |
550 | ........ And adding gaseous Oxygen or inert gas to exhaust gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Process wherein gaseous Oxygen is added with the exhaust
gas or wherein an inert gas is added to the exhaust gas.
| |||
551 | ....... Injecting from above and below melt surface: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Process wherein the Oxygen gas or Oxygen gas containing
gas composition is injected from both above and below the melt surface
at the same time or at different times in the processing.
| |||
552 | ........ Including other gas from below: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Process wherein a gas other than Oxygen gas or an Oxygen gas containing gas composition is injected from below the melt surface at the same time or at a different time in the processing. | |
553 | ....... Injecting only from above melt surface: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Process wherein the Oxygen gas or the Oxygen gas containing
gas composition is injected only from above the melt surface.
| |||
554 | ........ Including other gas from above: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 553. Process wherein a gas other than Oxygen gas or an Oxygen gas containing gas composition is injected from above the melt surface at the same time or at a different time in the processing. | |
555 | ........ Including other gas from below: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 553. Process wherein a gas other than Oxygen gas or an Oxygen gas containing gas composition is injected from below the melt surface at the same time or at a different time during the processing. | |
556 | ....... Injecting only from below melt surface: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Process wherein the Oxygen gas or Oxygen gas containing gas composition is injected only from below the melt surface. | |
557 | ........ Including other gas from below: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 556. Process wherein a gas other than Oxygen gas or an Oxygen gas containing gas composition is injected from below the melt surface at the same time or at a different time during the processing. | |
558 | ...... Noble gas or inert gas not otherwise identified: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 528. Process wherein a Noble gas (i.e., Helium (He), Neon (Ne),
Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), or Xenon (Xe)) or an inert gas not otherwise
identified is the injected gas.
| |||
559 | ...... Gas compound containing Oxygen (e.g., Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide, Water, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 528. Process wherein the injected gas is a compound containing
Oxygen (e.g., Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide, Water, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
560 | ..... Treating premelted Iron (Fe) or slag layer thereon by adding solid agent, slag, or flux: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein premelted metal that contains over 50 percent
by weight Iron (Fe) or slag layer thereon is contacted with a solid
treating agent, a separately prepared slag, or flux.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||
561 | ...... Loose elemental Carbon (C), coal, or coke (e.g., carburizing, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein the solid agent added to the molten metal
that contains over 50 percent by weight Iron (Fe) or slag layer
thereon is loose elemental Carbon (C), coal, or coke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||||||
562 | ...... Sulfur (S) or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein Sulfur (S) or a compound thereof is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
563 | ...... Nitrate, Chlorate, Permanganate, or Peroxide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein a Nitrate, Chlorate, Permanganate, or Peroxide is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
564 | ...... Boron (B) or compound thereof: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein Boron (B) or a compound thereof is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
565 | ...... Metal halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein a metal halide (e.g., Sodium chloride, Fluorspar, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
566 | ...... Carbide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein a binary Carbon (C) compound of a metal (i.e., Carbide) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
567 | ...... Elemental metal or elemental Silicon (Si): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein elemental metal (e.g., scrap, Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (A1), etc.) or elemental Silicon (Si) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
568 | ....... Aluminum (Al) or Magnesium (Mg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 567. Process wherein Aluminum (Al) or Magnesium (Mg) is the elemental metal. | |
569 | ...... Iron (Fe) containing compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein an Iron (Fe) containing compound (e.g., ore, scale, Iron oxide, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
570 | ...... Alkali metal compound or Alkaline earth metal compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Process wherein an Alkali metal compound (e.g., Sodium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate, etc.) or an Alkaline earth metal compound (e.g., Calcium Oxide, Calcium carbonate, etc.) is present in the solid agent, separately prepared slag, or flux. | |
571 | ..... Melting solid Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein solid Iron (Fe) is employed in a process which includes the melting of the Iron. | |
572 | ...... Melting packaged Iron (Fe) or Iron of specified structure to facilitate melting (e.g., shaped bale of scrap, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 571. Process wherein the solid Iron (Fe) which is melted is enclosed
in or held together in a package (e.g., steel can, wooden box, etc.)
or in which the solid Iron is recited to have a particular shape
or structure to facilitate melting.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
573 | ...... In shaft furnace (e.g., cupola, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 571. Process wherein solid Iron (Fe) is melted in a vertical
tubular furnace.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
574 | ....... Without the use of solid, carbonaceous material (e.g., without coke, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Process wherein no solid, carbonaceous material (e.g., coke,
etc.) is present in the shaft furnace during the melting process.
| |||
575 | ....... Using Oxygen in a higher concentration than ambient air: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Process wherein a gas that has a higher concentration of molecular Oxygen than ambient air is added to the shaft furnace at any place. | |
576 | ....... Using both a solid carbonaceous fuel (e.g., coke, etc.) and a fluid fuel (e.g., natural gas, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Process which employs a solid carbonaceous fuel (e.g., coke,
etc.) and a fluid fuel (e.g., natural gas, etc.).
| |||
577 | ....... Defined composition of solid fuel other than nominal "coke": |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Process wherein the shaft furnace employs a solid fuel of
defined composition other than nominal "coke".
| |||
578 | ....... With Calcium carbide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Process wherein Calcium carbide is present in the shaft furnace with the Iron (Fe) being melted. | |
579 | ....... With Alkali metal compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 573. Process wherein an Alkali metal compound is present in the shaft furnace with the Iron (Fe) being melted. | |
580 | ...... In closed vessel with heat conducted through walls only (e.g., crucible melting, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 571. Process in which the Iron (Fe) to be melted is placed in
a vessel which is then closed with a lid so that no external materials
such as combustion gasses can contact the Iron. The vessel is placed
in a hot environment and the Iron is melted solely by heat conducted
through the walls of the vessel.
| |||
581 | ...... Melting scrap: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 571. Process wherein the solid Iron (Fe) melted is the waste
from manufacturing or is obtained from articles which are no longer
useful as such.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
582 | ..... Separating slag from molten Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process for separating slag from molten Iron (Fe) (e.g., by skimming, etc.). | |
583 | ..... Stirring or agitating molten Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein molten Iron (Fe) is stirred either by contacting
with a mechanical device (e.g., a stirring impeller, etc.) or without
a separate mechanical device contacting the molten Iron (e.g., by
shaking the container holding the molten Iron, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
584 | ..... Pouring or tapping molten Iron (Fe): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Process wherein molten Iron (Fe) is either poured or allowed to run from a vessel in which it is contained. | |
585 | ... Nonferrous: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Process in which a metal other than Iron (Fe) is produced
or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Nonferrous metal,
singly or in combination, is treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
586 | .... Concurrent production of Nonferrous metal and other desired nonmetallic product (e.g., cement, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which a material is reduced to Nonferrous metal with simultaneous production of another product other than usual by-products (e.g., cement, etc.). | |
587 | .... Countercurrent liquid-liquid extraction of molten Nonferrous metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which a molten metal is introduced into a separating column and is flowed countercurrent to a contaminated metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Nonferrous metal to purify the contaminated metal. | |
588 | .... Fractionation of molten Nonferrous metal (e.g., with reflux, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which the molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Nonferrous metal is separated by separately collecting the distillates evaporating at certain temperatures. | |
589 | .... Alkali metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which an Alkali metal (i.e., Lithium (Li), Sodium
(Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs)) is produced or
a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Alkali metal, singly
or in combination, is treated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
590 | ..... Vaporizing or condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 589. Process in which the Alkali metal is vaporized or condensed.
The vaporization can occur during the reduction of an Alkali metal
compound.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
591 | ...... Cesium (Cs): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Process in which Cesium (Cs) is vaporized or condensed. | |
592 | ..... Precipitating impurities from molten Alkali metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 589. Process in which the contaminants are settled out of a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Alkali metal, singly or in combination. | |
593 | .... Beryllium (Be): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Beryllium (Be) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Beryllium is treated. | |
594 | .... Magnesium (Mg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Magnesium (Mg) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Magnesium is treated. | |
595 | ..... Vaporizing or condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Process in which Magnesium (Mg) is vaporized or condensed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
596 | ...... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 595. Process in which a Magnesium (Mg) compound is reduced to metal. | |
597 | ....... Using metal or metal compound reductant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Process in which a Magnesium (Mg) compound is reduced by using a metal or a metal compound. | |
598 | ........ And Carbon (C): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 597. Process in which Carbon (C) is also used. | |
599 | ....... Using Carbon (C): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 596. Process in which a Magnesium (Mg) compound is reduced by using Carbon (C). | |
600 | ..... Treating molten Magnesium (Mg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Process in which a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Magnesium (Mg) is treated. | |
601 | ...... Precipitating impurities from molten Magnesium (Mg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Process in which the contaminants are settled out of a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Magnesium (Mg). | |
602 | ...... Adding gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Process in which a gas is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Magnesium (Mg). | |
603 | ....... And solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 602. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Magnesium (Mg). | |
604 | ...... Adding solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Magnesium (Mg). | |
605 | .... Alkaline earth metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which an Alkaline earth metal (i.e., Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba)) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Alkaline earth metal, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
606 | ..... Reducing halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 605. Process in which an Alkaline earth metal halide is reduced to metal. | |
607 | ..... Vaporizing or condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 605. Process in which an Alkaline earth metal is vaporized or
condensed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
608 | ...... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 607. Process in which an Alkaline earth metal compound is reduced metal. | |
609 | ..... Treating molten Alkaline earth metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 605. Process in which a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Alkaline earth metal, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
610 | .... Rare earth metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which a Rare earth metal (i.e., Scandium (Sc), Yttrium (Y), Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), Praseodymium (Pr), Neodymium (Nd), Samarium (Sm), Europium (Eu), Gadolinium (Gd), Terbium (Tb), Dysprosium (Dy), Holmium (Ho), Erbium (Er), Thulium (Tm), Ytterbium (Yb), Lutetium (Lu)) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Rare earth metal, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
611 | .... Refractory metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which a Refractory metal (i.e., Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), Hafnium (Hf), Vanadium (V), Niobium (Nb) or Columbium (Cb), Tantalum (Ta), Chromium (Cr), Molybdenum (Mo), or Tungsten (W)) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Refractory metal, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
612 | ..... Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf), singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Process in which Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Titanium, Zirconium, or Hafnium, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
613 | ...... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Process in which a Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf) compound is reduced to metal. | |
614 | ....... Using free metal or alloy reductant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Process in which the compound is reduced by using a free metal or alloy. | |
615 | ........ Of Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf) compound containing Halogen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Process in which the Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf) compound that is reduced contains Halogen. | |
616 | ......... Of binary halide - MX(4): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 615. Process in which the compound that is reduced is a binary halide - MX(4). | |
617 | .......... Of chloride - MCl (4): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 616. Process in which the compound that is reduced is a binary chloride - MCl (4). | |
618 | ........... Free metal or alloy reductant contains Magnesium (Mg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 617. Process in which the compound is reduced by using a free metal or alloy reductant that contains Magnesium (Mg). | |
619 | ............ Metal produced is Titanium (Ti): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 618. Process in which the metal that is produced is Titanium (Ti). | |
620 | ....... Of Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf) compound containing Halogen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Process in which the Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf) compound that is reduced contains Halogen. | |
621 | ...... Treating molten Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Process in which a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), or Hafnium (Hf), singly or in combination, is treated. | |
622 | ..... Vanadium (V), Niobium (Nb) or Columbium (Cb), or Tantalum (Ta), singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Process in which Vanadium (V), Niobium (Nb) or Columbium (Cb), or Tantalum (Ta) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Titanium, Niobium or Columbium, or Tantalum, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
623 | ..... Chromium (Cr), Molybdenum (Mo), or Tungsten (W), singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Process in which Chromium (Cr), Molybdenum (Mo), or Tungsten (W) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Chromium, Molybdenum, or Tungsten, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
624 | .... Manganese (Mn): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Manganese (Mn) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Manganese is treated. | |
625 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 624. Process in which a Manganese (Mn) compound is reduced to metal. | |
626 | .... Cobalt (Co): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Cobalt (Co) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Cobalt is treated. | |
627 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 626. Process in which a Cobalt (Co) compound is reduced to metal. | |
628 | .... Nickel (Ni): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Nickel (Ni) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Nickel is treated. | |
629 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Process in which a Nickel (Ni) compound is reduced to metal. | |
630 | ...... Segregation process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 629. Process in which a Nickel (Ni) compound is reduced to metal by reacting the compound with a mixture of a carbonaceous reductant and a chloridizing agent. | |
631 | .... Noble metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which a Noble metal (i.e., Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Palladium (Pd), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Noble metal, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
632 | ..... Palladium (Pd): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 631. Process in which Palladium (Pd) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Palladium is treated. | |
633 | ..... Platinum (Pt): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 631. Process in which Platinum (Pt) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Platinum is treated. | |
634 | ..... Silver (Ag): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 631. Process in which Silver (Ag) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Silver is treated. | |
635 | ...... Recovering Silver (Ag) from photographic material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 634. Process in which Silver (Ag) is obtained from photographic material. | |
636 | ...... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 634. Process in which a Silver (Ag) compound is reduced to metal. | |
637 | ..... Gold (Au): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 631. Process in which Gold (Au) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Gold is treated. | |
638 | .... Copper (Cu): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Copper (Cu) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper is treated. | |
639 | ..... Treating material in gaseous suspension: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Process in which a material undergoing treatment is in a highly dispersed state in a gaseous medium. | |
640 | ..... Treating slag or dross: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Process in which a slag or dross is treated to produce Copper (Cu). | |
641 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Process in which a Copper (Cu) compound is reduced to metal. | |
642 | ...... Segregation process: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 641. Process in which a Copper (Cu) compound is reduced to metal by reacting the compound with a mixture of a carbonaceous reductant and a chloridizing agent. | |
643 | ...... Treating matte or sulfide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 641. Process in which a Copper (Cu) matte or sulfide is treated to produce Copper. | |
644 | ....... Treating waste gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 643. Process in which the exhaust gas is treated. | |
645 | ....... With prior production of matte or sulfide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 643. Process in which the Copper (Cu) matte or sulfide is formed before the matte or sulfide is treated to produce Copper. | |
646 | ..... Treating molten Copper (Cu): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Process in which a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu) is treated. | |
647 | ...... By vacuum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 646. Process in which molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu) is subjected to sub-atmospheric pressures. | |
648 | ...... Adding gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 646. Process in which a gas is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu). | |
649 | ....... Containing gaseous Oxygen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 648. Process in which the gas contains gaseous oxygen. | |
650 | ........ And adding solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 649. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu). | |
651 | ....... And solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 648. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu). | |
652 | ...... Adding solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 646. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu). | |
653 | ..... Melting Copper (Cu) in shaft furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Process in which metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Copper (Cu) is melted in a shaft furnace. | |
654 | .... Zinc (Zn): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Zinc (Zn) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Zinc is treated. | |
655 | ..... Treating slag or dross: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 654. Process in which a slag or dross is treated to produce Zinc (Zn). | |
656 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 654. Process in which a Zinc (Zn) compound is reduced to metal. | |
657 | ...... Using Halogen containing material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Process in which a Zinc (Zn) compound is reduced by using a material containing Halogen. | |
658 | ...... Vaporizing or condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Process in which Zinc (Zn) is vaporized or condensed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
659 | ....... Treating material in gaseous suspension: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 658. Process in which a material undergoing treatment is in a highly dispersed state in a gaseous medium. | |
660 | ....... Treating material in blast furnace or cupola: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 658. Process in which a blast furnace or cupola is used. | |
661 | ....... Treating material in vertical retort: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 658. Process in which a vertical retort is used. | |
662 | ....... Treating material in rotary kiln: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 658. Process in which a Zinc (Zn) compound is reduced in an approximately cylindrical vessel rotating on its cylindrical axis. The axis is horizontal or inclined less than 45 degrees from horizontal. The vessel rotates in only one direction through an angle of over 360 degrees during the reduction and rotates substantially continuously. | |
663 | ..... Treating molten or vaporous Zinc (Zn): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 654. Process in which a molten or vaporous metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Zinc (Zn) is treated. | |
664 | ...... Using Halogen containing material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Process in which a material that contains Halogen is used. | |
665 | ...... Vaporizing or condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Process in which Zinc (Zn) is vaporized or condensed. | |
666 | ....... Condensing with Lead (Pb) coolant: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Process in which Lead (Pb) coolant is used to condense the vaporous Zinc (Zn). | |
667 | ....... Condensing with use of molten metal slinger: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Process in which a device for centrifugally throwing liquid is used to hurl molten metal into vaporous Zinc (Zn) in order to condense the vaporous Zinc. | |
668 | .... Cadmium (Cd): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Cadmium (Cd) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Cadmium is treated. | |
669 | ..... Vaporizing or condensing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 668. Process in which Cadmium (Cd) is vaporized or condensed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
670 | .... Mercury (Hg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Mercury (Hg) is produced or a metal that
contains over 50 percent by weight Mercury is treated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||
671 | .... Aluminum (Al): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Aluminum (Al) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum is treated. | |
672 | ..... Treating slag or dross: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Process in which a slag or dross is treated to produce Aluminum (Al). | |
673 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Process in which an Aluminum (Al) compound is reduced to metal. | |
674 | ...... Carbothermic: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Process in which an Aluminum (Al) compound is reduced in the presence of a carbonaceous material, Carbon (C) or carbide. | |
675 | ...... Decomposition of organo-compound containing Aluminum (Al): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Process in which an organo-compound containing Aluminum (Al) is reduced. | |
676 | ...... Of Aluminum (Al) halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Process in which an Aluminum (Al) compound containing Halogen is reduced. | |
677 | ....... Of subhalide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 676. Process in which the compound is an Aluminum (Al) monohalide. | |
678 | ..... Treating molten Aluminum (Al): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Process in which a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al) is treated. | |
679 | ...... Fractional crystallization: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 678. Process in which molten metal that contains over 50 percent
by weight Aluminum (Al) is preferentially crystallized in order
to obtain purified metal. The impurities are excluded from the purified
crystals that form.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
680 | ...... Adding gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 678. Process in which a gas is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al). | |
681 | ....... Containing Halogen atom: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 680. Process in which the gas contains Halogen. | |
682 | ........ And adding solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 681. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al). | |
683 | ....... And solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 680. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al). | |
684 | ...... Adding solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 678. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al). | |
685 | ....... Containing Halogen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 684. Process in which the solid contains Halogen. | |
686 | ..... Melting Aluminum (Al): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Process in which metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al) is melted. | |
687 | ...... Scrap: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 686. Process in which metal scrap that contains over 50 percent by weight Aluminum (Al) is melted. | |
688 | .... Gallium (Ga) or Indium (In): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Gallium (Ga) or Indium (In) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Gallium or over 50 percent by weight Indium is treated. | |
689 | .... Germanium (Ge): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Germanium (Ge) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Germanium is treated. | |
690 | .... Tin (Sn): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Tin (Sn) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Tin is treated. | |
691 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 690. Process in which a Tin (Sn) compound is reduced to metal. | |
692 | ...... Of Halogen containing material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 691. Process in which a Tin (Sn) compound containing a Halogen is reduced. | |
693 | .... Lead (Pb): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Lead (Pb) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Lead is treated. | |
694 | ..... Treating material in gaseous suspension or gaseous state: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 693. Process in which a material undergoing treatment is in a highly dispersed state in a gaseous medium or is in a gaseous state. | |
695 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 693. Process in which a Lead (Pb) compound is reduced to metal. | |
696 | ...... Of Lead-Sulfur compound: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 695. Process in which the Lead (Pb) compound contains Sulfur (S). | |
697 | ..... Treating molten Lead (Pb): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 693. Process in which a molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Lead (Pb) is treated. | |
698 | ...... By vacuum: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 697. Process in which molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Lead (Pb) is subjected to sub-atmospheric pressures. | |
699 | ...... Adding gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 697. Process in which a gas is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Lead (Pb). | |
700 | ....... Containing Halogen atom: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 699. Process in which the gas contains Halogen. | |
701 | ...... Adding solid: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 697. Process in which a solid is added to molten metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Lead (Pb). | |
702 | ....... Containing free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 701. Process in which the solid contains a free metal. | |
703 | .... Antimony (Sb): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Antimony (Sb) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Antimony is treated. | |
704 | ..... Reduction: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 703. Process in which an Antimony (Sb) compound is reduced to metal. | |
705 | .... Bismuth(Bi): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Bismuth is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Bismuth is treated. | |
706 | .... Arsenic (As): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 585. Process in which Arsenic (As) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Arsenic is treated. | |
707 | ... Reducing or smelting unnamed ore: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Process wherein an unnamed ore is reduced or smelted. | |
708 | ... Stirring or agitating of molten material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Process wherein molten material is subjected to an outside
force to cause stirring or agitating of the material. This force
may be applied by a mechanical stirrer, introduction of a gas, or movement
of the vessel in which the material is held.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
| |||||
709 | ... Covering the surface of molten metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Process wherein the surface of molten metal is covered by
a material to prevent contact with the ambient atmosphere.
| |||
710 | .. Below 300 degrees C: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Process in which all stages of the process operate at a
temperature below 300 degrees C (i.e., 572 degrees F).
| |||
711 | ... Using nonmetallic material which is liquid under standard conditions (e.g., hydrometallurgy, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 710. Process wherein a nonmetallic material which is a liquid
under standard conditions is used at any stage in the production
of free metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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712 | .... Involving mining or in situ operation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process which involves operations at a mine or in situ location
of the metalliferous material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
713 | .... From photography material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein the free metal is recovered from photography
materials or developing solutions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||
714 | .... From electrolytic or cementation slime: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process that produces free metal from a starting material which is a residue or mixture of metalliferous materials from an electrolytic or displacement operation. | |
715 | .... Removing coating to recover free metal from substrate or coating: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein a coating is removed from a substrate and
free metal is recovered from either the substrate or coating.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
| |||||||||||
716 | ..... From Tin (Sn) scrap or Tin plate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 715. Process wherein the coating is removed from Tin (Sn) scrap
or Tin plate.
| |||
717 | .... Reducing to free metal with gas: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein a gas (e.g., Hydrogen, Sulfur dioxide, Carbon
monoxide, hydrocarbon, etc.) is used to reduce a metalliferous material
to free metal.
| |||
718 | ..... Copper (Cu) recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 717. Process wherein the free metal produced is Copper (Cu). | |
719 | ...... Using Sulfur dioxide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 718. Process wherein Sulfur dioxide is the gas. | |
720 | ..... Noble metal recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 717. Process wherein the free metal recovered is a Noble metal (i.e., Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Palladium (Pd), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)). | |
721 | .... Utilizing organic reducing agent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein an organic compound is used as a reducing agent for producing free metal. | |
722 | .... Involving organic compound containing metal or organic agent for agglomerating metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein an organic compound containing a metal (e.g.,
complex, solvent, resin, etc.) is involved at any stage in the process
or process wherein an organic agent for agglomerating free metal
(e.g., collecting agent, flocculation agent, flotation agent, etc.)
is involved.
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SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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723 | ..... Natural or synthetic polymer: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Process wherein the organic compound is a natural or synthetic polymer (e.g., resin, protein, etc.). | |
724 | .... Displacing by another metal (i.e., electromotive series): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein a more electropositive free metal displaces
a less electropositive metal from solution in a free metal form,
while the more electropositive metal goes into solution in ionic
form.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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725 | ..... Lead (Pb) or Zinc (Zn) recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 724. Process wherein the free metal recovered by displacement is Lead (Pb) or Zinc (Zn). | |
726 | ..... Copper (Cu) recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 724. Process wherein the free metal recovered by displacement is Copper (Cu). | |
727 | ...... And flotation: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 726. Process wherein flotation in liquid is involved as a means of separating solid material from other solid material or from the liquid and free copper metal is produced at any stage of the process. | |
728 | ...... And injecting or pressurizing with air or Oxygen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 726. Process wherein air or Oxygen is injected into the liquid or process wherein the liquid is subjected to treatment with air or Oxygen at pressures exceeding atmospheric pressure. | |
729 | ...... From Cyanide solution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 726. Process wherein the Copper (Cu) free metal is precipitated from a Cyanide containing solution thereof. | |
730 | ...... With agitating or abrading: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 726. Process wherein an agitating or abrading action is performed with the liquid or on the solid metalliferous material. | |
731 | ...... Utilizing leaching agent containing Sulfur (S): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 726. Process which utilizes a Sulfur (S) containing chemical agent to leach the metalliferous material. | |
732 | ..... Noble metal recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 724. Process wherein the free metal recovered by displacement is a Noble metal (i.e., Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Palladium (Pd), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)). | |
733 | ...... Silver (Ag) recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 732. Process wherein the free metal recovered by displacement is Silver (Ag). | |
734 | ....... And injecting or pressurizing with air or Oxygen: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 733. Process wherein air or Oxygen is injected into the liquid or process wherein the liquid is subjected to treatment with air or Oxygen at pressures exceeding atmospheric pressure. | |
735 | ....... From Cyanide solution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 733. Process wherein the Silver (Ag) free metal is precipitated from a Cyanide containing solution thereof. | |
736 | ...... Gold (Au) recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 732. Process wherein the free metal recovered by displacement is Gold (Au). | |
737 | ....... From Cyanide solution: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 736. Process wherein the Gold (Au) free metal is precipitated from a Cyanide containing solution thereof. | |
738 | ..... Nickel (Ni) or Cobalt (Co) recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 724. Process wherein the free metal recovered by displacement is Nickel (Ni) or Cobalt (Co). | |
739 | .... Utilizing chemical agent to precipitate free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein precipitation of free metal occurs when a chemical agent is added to the metalliferous material. | |
740 | ..... Copper (Cu) recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Process wherein the free metal recovered is Copper (Cu). | |
741 | ..... Noble metal recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Process wherein the free metal recovered is a Noble metal (i.e., Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Palladium (Pd), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)). | |
742 | .... Cleaning, leaching or dissolving of Mercury (Hg): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein Mercury (Hg) is subjected to cleaning, leaching
or dissolving to provide a refined Mercury.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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743 | .... With leaching or dissolving: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Process wherein treatment of metalliferous material involves a leaching or dissolving operation at any stage in the production of free metal. | |
744 | ..... Noble metal recovered as free metal: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 743. Process wherein the free metal recovered is a Noble metal (i.e., Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Palladium (Pd), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Platinum (Pt), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)). | |
745 | ... Alkali metal, singly or in combination: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 710. Process in which an Alkali metal (i.e., Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs)) is produced or a metal that contains over 50 percent by weight Alkali metal, singly or in combination, is treated. | |
746 | . Consolidating metalliferous material (e.g., ore, tailings, flue dust, fluxes, etc.) by agglomerating, compacting, or heat treating; preparatory process therefor; or treating consolidated material therefrom: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 330. Process for consolidating a metalliferous material (e.g.,
ore, tailings, flue dust, fluxes, etc.) to concentrate a desired
metalliferous component or to perfect the metalliferous material
for a metallurgical operation by compacting, agglomerating, or heat
treatment; preparatory process therefor; or treatment of consolidated metalliferous
material prepared thereby - wherein (1) there is no chemical production
of free metal that remains in the product and (2) the product is
amenable to a Class 75 or Class 420 refining or alloying operation.
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747 | .. Noble metal containing metalliferous material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Process involving consolidation of Noble metal containing
metalliferous material without chemical production of free Noble
metal that remains in the product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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748 | .. With vaporization of impurity as metal halide: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Process wherein an undesirable component is removed by reacting the ore or metalliferous material with a halogenating agent (e.g., Sodium chloride, Hydrochloric acid, Chlorine, Fluorine, etc.) and the resulting metal halide is vaporized. | |
749 | .. With physical separation or classification of solids: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Combined process that involves separating solid materials
and assorting or segregating them into grades or classes according
to physical characteristics (e.g., flotation, screening, flocculation,
etc.) of solids.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
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750 | ... By sifting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 749. Process that includes a sifting (e.g., screening, etc.) operation to separate or classify solid material. | |
751 | .. With heat treatment (e.g., calcinating, fusing, indurating, roasting, sintering, vaporizing, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Process which includes heat treatment (e.g., calcinating, fusing, indurating, roasting, sintering, vaporizing, etc.) that may occur before, after, or during consolidation. | |
752 | ... Vaporizing metalliferous impurity: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process involving the removal of undesirable metalliferous
material by vaporization thereof.
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753 | ... With leaching, dissolving, or washing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material or the material undergoing consolidation is subjected to a leaching, dissolving, or washing treatment. | |
754 | ... By suspension (e.g., fluid bed, cyclone, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material or the material undergoing consolidation is heat treated in the suspended state (e.g., fluid bed, cyclone, etc.). | |
755 | ... On moving grate, moving pallet, or endless belt: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material or the material undergoing consolidation is heat treated on a moving grate, moving pallet, or endless belt (e.g., Dwight-Loyd, Greenawalt apparatus, etc.). | |
756 | .... Using multi-layers: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 755. Process wherein the material undergoing heat treatment is
placed on the grate, pallet, or belt in more than one layer defined
by particle characteristics or interspersed with a layer of diverse
material (e.g., fuel, etc.).
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757 | .... With gas recycling for reusing: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 755. Process wherein gas used or produced in the heat treatment is recycled or reused in the same heat treatment process or in a diverse operation. | |
758 | .... Sintering: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 755. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material or the material undergoing consolidation is sintered by the heat treatment. | |
759 | ..... Of consolidated starting material: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 758. Process wherein the metalliferous material is consolidated (e.g., agglomerated, compacted, indurated, or presintered, etc.) prior to the instant sintering. | |
760 | ... In shaft furnace or multi-hearth furnace: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material or the material undergoing consolidation is heat treated in an upright cylindrical furnace known as a shaft furnace or in any furnace containing multiple hearths. | |
761 | .... Sintering: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material or the material undergoing consolidation is sintered by the heat treatment. | |
762 | ... In rotary kiln: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material of the material undergoing consolidation is heat treated and agitated at any process stage by a chamber or converter that rotates 360 degrees. | |
763 | .... Sintering: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 762. Process wherein the consolidated metalliferous material or the material undergoing consolidation is sintered by the heat treatment. | |
764 | ... Coking of binder or additive: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process wherein a carbonaceous binder or additive is subjected to an in situ destructive distillation producing a consolidated metalliferous material containing or coated with coke. | |
765 | ... Sintering or with agglomerating or compacting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Process wherein sintering or heat treatment of agglomerated or compacted metalliferous material is involved. | |
766 | .... With coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Process wherein coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar is incorporated in or coated on the consolidated material or utilized as a fuel with the material undergoing consolidation. | |
767 | .... With synthetic polymer, natural polymer, or carbohydrate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Process wherein a synthetic polymer, natural polymer, or carbohydrate is incorporated in or coated on the consolidated material or utilized as a fuel with the material undergoing consolidation. | |
768 | .... With Alkaline earth metal compound, clay, or hydrosetting agent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Process wherein an Alkaline earth metal compound, clay, or hydrosetting agent (e.g., cement, etc.) is incorporated in or coated on the consolidated material. | |
769 | .... Sintering: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 765. Process wherein the metalliferous material is sintered. | |
770 | .. Agglomerating or compacting: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Process wherein agglomerating or compacting or treatment of agglomerated or compacted metalliferous material is involved. | |
771 | ... With coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 770. Process wherein coal, coke, pitch, asphalt, or tar is incorporated in or coated on the consolidated material. | |
772 | ... With synthetic polymer, natural polymer, or carbohydrate: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 770. Process wherein synthetic polymer, natural polymer, or carbohydrate is incorporated in or coated on the consolidated material. | |
773 | ... With Alkaline earth metal compound, clay, or hydrosetting agent: |
This subclass is indented under subclass 770. Process wherein an Alkaline earth metal compound, clay, or hydrosetting agent (e.g., cement, etc.) is incorporated in or coated on the consolidated material. | |
950 | CONSOLIDATED METAL POWDER COMPOSITIONS OF 95% THEORETICAL DENSITY (E.G., WROUGHT, ETC.): |
This and the indented subclass(es) are collections of published
disclosures pertaining to consolidated metal powder compositions
having such a small amount of enclosed voids that they approach,
in their properties, the properties of compositions made by more
conventional alloying or fusion techniques. These collections should
not be considered complete.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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951 | . Oxide containing (e.g., dispersion strengthened, etc.): |
This subclass is indented under subclass 950. Disclosures in which the composition contains a compound
of oxygen.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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952 | PRODUCING FIBERS, FILAMENTS, OR WHISKERS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection of patents drawn to producing powders or
particles that are referred to as being "fibers",
filaments", or "whiskers."
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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953 | PRODUCING SPHERES: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection of patents drawn to producing powders or particles that are referred to as being "spheres." | |
954 | PRODUCING FLAKES OR CRYSTALS: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection of patents drawn to producing powders or
particles that are referred to as being "flakes" or
crystals".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
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955 | PRODUCING DENTAL PRODUCT: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection of patents drawn to producing powders or particles that are useful as a dental product. | |
956 | PRODUCING PARTICLES CONTAINING A DISPERSED PHRASE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection of patents drawn to producing powders or particles that contain a dispersion. | |
957 | CONTINUOUS REFINING OF MOLTEN IROn (FE): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection of processes in which molten Iron (Fe) is
treated to improve its properties by a process in which untreated
molten Iron is added to an apparatus either continuously or intermittently
and treated molten Iron is correspondingly removed from the apparatus.
The apparatus remains substantially full of molten Iron being treated
at all times. The process can be carried out for an indefinite period
as long as more untreated Iron is added.
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958 | WITH CONCURRENT PRODUCTION OF IRON (FE) AND OTHER DESIRED NONMETALLIC PRODUCT (E.G., ENERGY, FERTILIZER, ETC.): |
Art collection of patents in which other products are intentionally produced along with Iron (Fe). Excluded are the normal by-products such as flue gas and slag. However, if the Iron (Fe) making process is intentionally modified so that the by-products have special utility a cross-reference is placed here. As an example, if slag is specifically made to be high in phosphorus so that it is a good fertilizer a copy of the patent should be placed here. | |
959 | THERMITE-TYPE REACTION OF SOLID MATERIALS ONLY TO YIELD MOLTEN METAL: |
Art collection of patents in which a mixture of solid materials
including a reducible metal compound and a solid reducing agent
are reacted so that the heat of reaction is sufficient to yield
the reduced metal in molten condition.
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960 | IN ZERO GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT: |
Art collection of patents in which any step takes place in an environment free of significant gravity (e.g., in outer space). | |
961 | TREATING FLUE DUST TO OBTAIN METAL (OTHER THAN BY CONSOLIDATION): |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection of patents drawn to obtaining metal from the flue dust that issues from metallurgical furnaces such as blast furnaces. Excluded are processes which merely consolidate the flue dust. | |
962 | TREATING OR USING MILL SCALE: |
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Art collection drawn to patents which treat mill scale to
obtain metal, or which use mill scale in metallurgical processes
other than in the open hearth manufacture of steel.
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FOR000 | CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS |
This subclass has no definition. | |