U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
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(definitions have been obtained from the
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is produced by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electronic Products Branch)
Class 521
SYNTHETIC RESINS OR NATURAL RUBBERS -- PART OF THE CLASS 520
SERIES
Class Definition:
This Class is directed to (a) ion-exchange polymers and
process for their preparation, (b) processes of treating
scrap or waste product containing solid organic polymer to
recover a solid polymer therefrom, and (c) cellular products
(such as foams, pores, channels, etc.) and processes of
preparing such products. See Subclass References to the
Current Class, below.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
The general line between this area and other areas of the
Class 520 Series is that claims to preparing, treating, or to
a porous or cellular product are considered as follows: (a)
when a cellular containing product is inherently produced in
a polymerization process (no control of process parameters so
as to produce a cell containing product), then one must look
to the specification to see if the use of the final cellular
product is consistent with the use normally associated with a
cellular product. If use is consistent with uses associated
with a cellular product, classification is proper in this
area; (b) when a cellular product is claimed which is the
product of a noncellular-type polymerization process (e.g.,
bead, pearl, etc.) and wherein no later step is involved to
introduce pores or any additional cell structure therein,
then classification is as enumerated in (a) above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
25 through 39, for ion-exchange polymers and process for
their preparation.
40 through 49.8, for processes of treating scrap or waste
product containing solid organic polymer to recover a solid
polymer therefrom.
50 through 189, for cellular products (such as foams, pores,
channels, etc.) and processes of preparing such products.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
under Class 520, ... drawn to a solid ion-exchange polymeric
material containing ionic groups exchangeable with other
ionic groups.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are ion-exchange solid
polymeric materials which are claimed as such or which are
disclosed as having a utility as an ion-exchange polymer as
well as processes of making such materials. Included in this
class are polymeric materials, mixtures, and compositions
which can be converted to ion-exchange materials by chemical
reactions, processes of making such compositions, as well as
mixtures of materials at least one of which is an
ion-exchange material or is capable of forming an
ion-exchange material and wherein the intent is to form an
ion-exchange material. Also, this subclass includes
amphoteric solid ion-exchange polymeric materials.
(2) Note. The ionic groups can be acidic and/or basic groups
thereby forming cationic, anionic or amphoteric ion-exchange
polymeric materials. Typical cationic groups are: Sulfonic
acid (-SO[subscrpt]3[end subscrpt]H), carboxylic acid
(-COOOH), hydroxyl (-OH), phosphonic (-PO[subscrpt]3[end
subscrpt]H[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]) groups and typical
anionic groups are -NH[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt], =NH, N
groups as well as quaternary groups such as quaternary
ammonium, sulfonium, phosphonium, arsonium, antimonium or
hydrosulfide groups.
(3) Note. In those subclasses indented herein under wherein
only ion-exchange products are claimed and wherein the
product claims fail to recite a mode of preparation, such
products are to be classified on the basis of the disclosure
as to the process of preparing the particular ion-exchange
product.
(4) Note. Purification of an ion-exchange polymer (A) to
physically or chemically remove impurities therefrom (without
chemically modifying the polymer) is classified on the basis
of the ion-exchange polymer (B) which is purified.
(5) Note. The line between this subclass and Class 210 as
well as the compound and compositions classes is as follows:
(A) when a patent contains a claim to an ion-exchange polymer
and also a claim to a process involving the mere treatment of
a liquid therewith, event though the specific nature of the
liquid is claimed, the patent is classified in Class 521 and
cross-referenced to the appropriate treating class. If all
the claims are drawn to a process of treating liquids with
ion-exchange polymers, or any claim includes a significant
treatment step, the patent is classified in the appropriate
treating class and cross-referenced to this class (521) when
necessary; (B) if a chemical reaction occurs so as to produce
a new desirous material, then the patent is classified as an
original in the class providing for that particular material,
i.e., in the compound classes if a compound and in the
composition classes if a new composition, with the proviso
that if an organic compound proper for Class 260 is produced
then that patent is still classified in this area and is
cross-referenced into the appropriate organic compound area.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
directed to a used ion-exchange polymer which used
ion-exchange polymer is subjected to a chemical treatment to
effect regenerating to essentially its original ion-exchange
polymeric form.
(1) Note. Regenerating is meant to include chemical
treatment of a used ion-exchange polymer thereby rendering
the treated polymer to assume essentially its original
ion-exchange polymeric form.
(2) Note. Purification of a contaminated ion-exchange
polymer by physical or chemical means is classified with the
ion-exchange polymer purified.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
523, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 310 for a process
of forming a desirable composition of a polymer involving the
use of ion-exchange or sorptive material or semipermeable
membrane in the process.
528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 482 for
the treatment of a polymer with an ion-exchange material to
effect purification of the polymer.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein the ion-exchange polymer is in the form of a
membrane.
(1) Note. By membrane is meant a thin sheet or film
generally having some degree of permeability, and which may
be homogenous or heterogeneous in structure, and the the
latter case the ion-exchange material is a component of a
composition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, subclass 500.21, (2)
Note for the lines between this class (521) and other classes
with respect to membranes defined by composition.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein a previously formed solid ion-exchange polymer is
admixed with (1) a different ion-exchange polymer, or (2)
with a material which is inert towards the ion-exchange
polymer and wherein there is an intent to form a desirous
composition therewith.
(1) Note. The material admixed with the ion-exchange polymer
as in (2) above can include materials capable of becoming
ion-exchange materials on further processing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
25 for an admixture of an ion-exchange material and a
material which is inert to the ion-exchange material and is
intended to be removed in a later processing operation.
30 for an admixture of an ion-exchange material and a
reactant which is intended to chemically modify the
ion-exchange polymer.
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein the ion-exchange polymer is characterized by having a
defined size or shape.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for (1) processes of
producing ion-exchange polymers having defined shape or
dimension, or (2) for ion-exchange polymer having a desired
shape or dimension.
(2) Note. Ion-exchange polymers having a defined shape
produced by suspension polymerization (bead or pearl) are
excluded from this subclass and are classified below on the
basis of the particular reactants polymerized.
(3) Note. Included in this subclass are ion-exchange
polymers having defined geometric shape such as spherical,
granular, filamental, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, for a
particular ion-exchange polymer having a defined dimension or
for ion-exchange polymers having structure sufficient for
placement in that class.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein a solid polymer is ionically modified by using a
reactive chemical agent so as to form an ion-exchange
polymer.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are chemical
modifications of a preformed ionic polymer by ionic
interchange, as well as modifications of ionic polymers by
oxidation, reduction, hydrolyzation, saponification and the
like.
(2) Note. Patents are placed in this area on the basis of
the original monomers that were reacted to produce a solid
polymer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for carboxylated polyacrylonitrile, an aftertreated
product for which there is no specific indent subclass,
because the original solid polymer (polyacrylonitrile) has
been derived from only an ethylenically unsaturated reactant
(acrylonitrile), and because the aftertreatment involved no
nitrogen or sulphur reactant.
33 for those instances where a polymer is initially
carboxylated and then reacted with a sulphur material. This
subclass also provides for a carboxylated poly acrylonitrile
which is further treated with a sulphur material.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
wherein the ion-exchange polymer is derived by the
polymerization of only ethylenically unsaturated reactants.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary, for a
definition of the term "ethylenically unsaturated".
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter
wherein the solid polymer is chemically treated with a
nitrogen-containing material.
(1) Note. The nitrogen-containing material usually renders
the polymer anionic in character.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter
wherein the solid polymer is chemically treated with a
sulfur-containing material.
(1) Note. The sulfur-containing material usually renders
the polymer cationic in character.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
wherein the solid polymer is derived from a 1,
2-epoxy-containing reactant.
(1) Note. Included in this class are alkylene oxides,
epichlorhydrin and derivatives thereof.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
wherein the solid polymer is derived from an aldehyde or
derivative thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, Glossary, for a
definition of the term "aldehyde".
528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 230, for a
clarification of the term "aldehyde derivative."
Subclass:
36
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Subject matter
wherein the solid polymer is chemically treated with a
nitrogen-containing material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 472 for a chemical
modification of a solid polymeric material derived from an
aldehyde or derivative thereof.
Subclass:
37
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Subject matter
wherein the solid polymer is chemically treated with a
sulfur-containing material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 472 for chemical
modification of a solid polymer derived from an aldehyde or
derivative thereof.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein an ion-exchange polymer is derived from ethylenically
unsaturated monomers only.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein an ion-exchange polymer is derived from an aldehyde
or derivative thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary. for a
definition of the term "aldehyde".
528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 230 for a
clarification of the term "aldehyde derivative".
Subclass:
40
PROCESS OF TREATING SCRAP OR WASTE PRODUCT CONTAINING SOLID
ORGANIC POLYMER TO RECOVER OR PRODUCE A SOLID POLYMER
THEREFROM:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
under Class 520, ... involving (a) process of recovery or
producing solid organic synthetic polymer from polymeric
scrap or waste product, or (b) process of preparing solid
organic synthetic polymer from polymeric scrap or waste
product by degradation of the polymeric scrap or waste
product to monomer or low molecular weight prepolymer of a
physically unseparated (i.e, nonfractionated) mixture thereof
which is then reacted with another chemical species to
generate another solid synthetic organic polymer.
(1) Note. Only those patents with process claims of
treating scrap or waste product of synthetic resins of the
Class 520 Series type are classified herein. A patent with
claims drawn to a process of reclaiming, recovering, or
regenerating would be classified herein since it would
inherently require a scrap or waste product. However, a
patent with a claim drawn only to a process of separating
would not be classified herein since a scrap or waste product
is not inherently required. Process claims which require a
reclaimed material are also classified herein, if the
reclaimed material is of the type provided for by this class.
For these patents the disclosure of how the material was
reclaimed, if stated, and the claims themselves are used for
the original classification. A patent which claims a process
using an unclaimed scrap or waste product is classified
herein only if the scrap or waste product is the sole
disclosure in the specification. For example, a patent which
claims a process of reacting component A with component B
where component A is a phenolic resin and component B is
either natural rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer, or rubber
tire waste product would not be classified (as an original)
herein. However, if composition A was drawn only to rubber
tire waste product, the patent would be classified herein.
(2) Note. The terms "polymer" and "polymeric" refer either
to homo- or copolymers.
(3) Note. A process of recovering or producing refers to a
process in which a nonworkable polymeric scrap or waste
product is converted to a workable (i.e., nonscrap or -waste)
solid synthetic polymer.
(4) Note. A process of recovering specifically refers to a
process wherein the chemical bonds of the polymer in the
polymeric scrap or waste product are not extensively broken,
i.e., the molecular weight of the intermediate and final
products are not substantially different from the molecular
weight of the polymer contained in the scrap or waste
product. Included under the definition of recovering is the
process of treating a polymeric scrap or waste product with
either a solid polymer or solid polymer forming system to
produce a solid polymer containing material. Processes of
recovering polymeric scrap or waste product by mere grinding,
or grinding and mixing with another material, etc., are also
place herein.
(5) Note. A process of producing specifically refers to the
process wherein the chemical bonds of the polymer in the
polymeric scrap or waste product are extensively broken,
i.e., the molecular weight of the intermediate is
substantially different from the molecular weight of the
polymer contained in the scrap or waste product. Such low
molecular weight oligomers or prepolymers are physically
unseparated mixtures (see Note 7 below) and are then allowed
to undergo further polymerization in order to obtain a solid
synthetic organic polymer.
(6) Note. A polymer scrap or waste product refers to a
solid product which is unuseable (or functionless) in its
present form (i.e., without undergoing one of the three
treatments above) due to at least one of a wide variety of
impurities and/or undesirable constituent(s) or due to
prevailing physical or chemical properties (e.g., degree of
crosslinking, insolubility, etc.). Patents which employ only
synonyms for scrap or waste product such as "by-product",
"discard", "reject", etc., are classified herein provided
they meet the above and below-stated requirements.
(7) Note. A physically unseparated mixture refers to a
desired degradation fragment consisting of a mixture of
compounds, polymers, or other constituents which are
reasonably known or are hypothecated. Patents relating to
physically separated oligomers or low molecular weight
prepolymers from degradation processes are excluded herefrom,
regardless if they are or are not utilized in further
polymerization processes.
(8) Note. The polymeric scrap or waste product must contain
a solid synthetic resin, to be classified herein. A process
drawn to a polymeric scrap or waste product, where said
polymeric scrap or waste product contains a mixture of a
solid synthetic resin and a resin not normally classified in
the Class 520 Series would be classified herein.
(9) Note. A process drawn to treating a polymeric scrap or
waste product to obtain a liquid product is excluded
herefrom. However, if a liquid product is recovered which is
polymerized in an additional step to produce a product proper
for this class such subject matter would be proper for this
subclass.
(10) Note. A process drawn to treating a polymeric scrap or
waste product to obtain a product containing a solid
synthetic organic polymer normally found in this class along
with a variety of other products, would be classified
herein.
(11) Note. A process related to the recovery of two or more
polymers and/or prepolymers from a scrap or waste material
containing two or more polymers and/or prepolymers is
classified as an original under the polymer or prepolymer
which appears first in the schedule below even if said
polymer is not the desirable product to be recovered.
(12) Note. A treating material is defined to be any
material, reactant or nonreactant, which comes into contact
with the scrap or waste product. Thus, a nonscrap or waste
solid polymer may be a treating agent.
(13) Note. A process related to the treatment of scrap or
waste product with another material is classified with the
first-appearing material in the schedule, regardless of the
order performed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 through 49.8, for a process of treating a scrap or waste
product, where said scrap or waste product is a phenolic
resin (such as a phenolformaldehyde, novolak, or resole) or
is unspecified. for a process of treating a polymeric scrap
or waste product to obtain a natural rubber (e.g., a process
of treating a blend of natural and synthetic rubber to
recover the natural rubber). and for processes only of
treating scrap or waste products not for products of such
processes.
42 for a synthetic rubber scrap product treated with a
fluorinated alcohol to yield a reclaimed material which is
mixed with an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer.
44 for a rubber scrap dissolved in methanol and then treated
with polyethylene.
46.5 for treating a polyester scrap comprising a base layer
of polyester and a sublayer of nondesirable polyvinyl
chloride.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, appropriate subclasses
for a process of treating a polymeric scrap or waste product
to obtain a nonresinous product or polymer having a special
utility exemplified by Class 8.
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, appropriate
subclasses for a process of treating a polymeric scrap or
waste product, said scrap or waste product being a coating or
plastic composition, such as an alkyd-modified resin.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,
appropriate subclasses for a process of comminution wherein
the larger mass, before comminution is made up of a plurality
of dissimilar materials, and following comminution and
separation, the constituent parts of the same mass are
recombined.
252, Compositions, appropriate subclasses for a process of
treating a polymeric scrap or waste product to obtain a
composition having a special utility proper for Class 252.
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, 37.1 for processes of recycling of reclaimed
virgin polymeric scrap or waste process material involving an
operation proper for Class 264.
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,
appropriate subclasses for a process of treating a polymeric
scrap or waste product to obtain a composition having a
utility proper for Class 424.
523, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 129 for a
process wherein a filler or nonreactive organic additive is
obtained from municipal waste product which is then blended
with a synthetic resin.
523, through 528, appropriate subclasses for products of the
processes provided for in this class, subclasses 40-49.8.
525, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate
subclasses for a process of treating a polymeric scrap or
waste product to obtain a physically separated solid oligomer
or solid prepolymer which is then reacted with another
material as an aftertreatment.
526, and 528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,
appropriate subclasses for a process of treating a polymeric
scrap or waste product to obtain a physically separated
liquid oligomer or liquid prepolymer which is then reacted
with another material as an aftertreatment; or for products
which are the result of a Class 521, 40 process.
Subclass:
40.5
Process of treating scrap or waste product containing at
least one polymer derived from ethylenic unsaturated monomers
only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
wherein the scrap or waste product contains at least one
polymer which is derived from only ethylenic unsaturated
monomers.
Subclass:
41
Treating rubber (or rubberlike materials)or polymer derived
from a monomer having at least two ethylenic unsaturated
moieties:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40.5. Subject
matter wherein the scrap or waste product either contains
rubber (or rubberlike materials) or is derived for a monomer
having at least two points of ethylenic unsaturation.
(1) Note. Included herein are processes of treating a
polymeric scrap or waste product which is a mixture of two
synthetic resins (e.g., polyacrylo-nitrile or poly (methyl)
methacrylate) and a polymer derived for a monomer having at
least two points of ethylenic unsaturation, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40.5 for a process of treating a polymeric scrap or waste
product, said polymeric scrap or waste product being derived
solely from a monoolefinic unit which is not provided for
below (e.g., polyacrylonitrile, poly (methyl) methacrylate,
etc.).
Subclass:
41.5
Treating with organic phosphorus-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
wherein the process requires an organic phosphorus containing
material.
Subclass:
42
Treating with organic nitrogen-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
wherein the process requires an organic nitrogen-containing
material.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the use of an organic
nitrogen-containing material as a solvent, catalyst, or other
function.
Subclass:
42.5
Treating with organic chalcogen-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
wherein the process requires an organic chalcogen-containing
material.
(1) Note. This subclass includes use of an organic
chalcogen material as a solvent, catalyst, or other
function.
(2) Note. Chalcogen is defined to be any one (or
combination) of the following oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or
tellurium.
Subclass:
43
Containing organic sulfur:
This subclass is indented under subclass 42.5. Subject
matter wherein the organic chalcogen material contains
sulfur.
Subclass:
43.5
Containing carboxylic acid or anhydride group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 42.5. Subject
matter wherein the organic chalcogen material is a carboxylic
acid or the anhydride thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary for a
definition of the term "carboxylic acid or derivative" which
discusses the nature of, inter alia, carboxylic acids and
anhydrides.
Subclass:
44
Containing hydroxyl group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 42.5. Subject
matter wherein the organic chalcogen material contains the
hydroxyl moiety, -OH.
(1) Note. This subclass includes alcohols, ROH, and
phenols, ArOH.
Subclass:
44.5
Treating with hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon
material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
wherein the process requires a hydrocarbon or a halogenated
hydrocarbon.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the use of a hydrocarbon
or halogenated hydrocarbon as solvent.
Subclass:
45
Treating with steam or water:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
wherein the process requires steam or water that has been
substantially purified.
(1) Note. A process which requires a 6N acid would not be
classified herein but a process which requires a 6N acid
followed by a spraying or washing of water would be
classified herein.
Subclass:
45.5
Treating with mechanical action and in the absence of a
chemically reactive additive or solvent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
wherein the process involves mechanical action and wherein
chemical active materials or solvents are not utilized.
(1) Note. Recovery of polymers solely by means of heat is
considered to be mechanical action.
(2) Note. Although chemically active materials and solvents
have been excluded herefrom, chemically nonactive additives
which may effect the process are included, e.g., dyes,
fillers, pigments, etc.
Subclass:
46
Treating polymer derived from a monomer containing only
carbon, hydrogen, and halogen or only carbon and halogen; or
treating a polymer which has been derived from at least one
hydrocarbon and which has been subsequently halogenated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40.5. Subject
matter wherein the scrap or waste product contains a
halogenated hydrocarbon.
(1) Note. The sequence of obtaining the halogenated
polymeric scrap or waste product, i.e., whether the
halogenated polymer was obtained by polymerizing a
halogenated monomer or by halogenating the polymer itself, is
considered to be immaterial. Note, however, the polymeric
scrap or waste product must be halogenated before the scrap
or waste product is treated to recover or produce the solid
polymer to be classified herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for a process of treating a waste or scrap material where
said waste or scrap material contains a halogenated
hydrocarbon.
Subclass:
46.5
Treating polymer derived from vinyl chloride monomer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter
wherein the polymeric scrap or waste product is derived from
at least one monomer which is vinyl chloride.
(1) Note. Included herein would be a scrap or waste product
either containing a mixture of polyethylene and polyvinyl
chloride or a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Subclass:
47
Treating polymer derived from hydrocarbon monomers only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40.5. Subject
matter wherein the olefinic units (and hence the polymeric
scrap or waste product) contain only carbon and hydrogen.
Subclass:
47.5
Treating polysiloxane:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
wherein the scrap or waste product contains polysiloxane.
Subclass:
48
Treating polyester:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
wherein the scrap or waste product contains a polyester whose
polymer backbone was derived through the direct formation of
the ester linkage, i.e., - O, and must link through the
carbonyl group.
(1) Note. Polymerization of di- or higher esters of
polycarboxylic acids, lactones, lactides, glycolide,
hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acids or derivatives; or
condensation of polyols with polycarboxylic acids or
derivatives and polyketenes all produce polyesters proper for
this subclass.
(2) Note. A mere disclosure of a polyester in which the
method of making said polyesters is not claimed or disclosed
is presumed to lie within the definition of this subclass.
Subclass:
48.5
Treating with alcohol:
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Subject matter
wherein said polyester scrap or waste product is treated with
an alcohol.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the use of an alcohol as
solvent.
Subclass:
49
Treating polyurethane, polyurea (excluding urea-formaldehyde
polymers): polyisocyanurate or polycarbodimide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
wherein the scrap or waste product contains either a
polyurethane, polyurea, polylsocyanurate, or a
polycarbodimide.
(1) Note. A polyurethane is defined to be a polymer
containing the moiety, -N- - O -, and is generally prepared
for a polyocyanate and a polyol or from a bishaloformate and
a diamine.
(2) Note. A polyurea is defined to be a polymer containing
the moiety, -NN-, and is generally prepared from either a
diamine and a dilsocyanate, a diamine and urea, a diamine and
phosgene or a bishaloformate and a diamine.
(3) Note. A polyisocyanurate is defined to be a polymer
containing the cyclic moiety shown below, and is generally
derived from a polyisocyanate. O
(4) Note. A polycarbodiimide is defined to be a polymer
containing the moiety, -N=C=N-, and is generally defined from
two or more polyisocyanates.
(5) Note. A mere disclosure of a polyurethane, polyurea,
polyisocyanurate or polycarbodimide in which the method of
making said polymer is not claimed or disclosed is presumed
to lie within the definition of this subclass.
Subclass:
49.5
Treating with alcohol or amine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 49. Subject matter
wherein said polymeric scrap or waste product is treated with
an alcohol or amine.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the use of an alcohol or
amine as solvent.
Subclass:
49.8
Treating polycarbonamide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
wherein the scrap or waste product contains a
polycarbonamide.
(1) Note. A polycarbonamide is defined to be a polymer
containing either at least two or more N- units, e.g., nylon
6, nylon 6-6 or a polyimide unit, N, and is generally derived
either from an amino carboxylic acid or derivative; a diamine
and a dicarboxylic acid; or a dicarboxylic acid derivative, a
diacid halide, and a diamine; or is derived from the
condensation of lactams.
(2) Note. A mere disclosure of a polycarbonamide in which
the method of making said polycarbonamide is not claimed or
disclosed is presumed to lie within the definition of this
subclass.
Subclass:
50
CELLULAR PRODUCTS OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING A CELLULAR
PRODUCT, E.G., FOAMS, PORES, CHANNELS, ETC.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
under Class 520, ..., drawn to cellular products containing
at least one solid synthetic polymer or to processes of
preparing a cellular product containing at least a solid
synthetic polymer.
(1) Note. This subclass includes in addition to cellular
products or processes of preparing same for (1) processes of
preparing a composition which is capable of forming a
cellular product upon exposure to heat or pressure, or to the
composition, per se, or for (2) processes of treating a
cellular product with a material which reacts with or forms a
desired composition therewith, or purifies or treats in some
other manner the cellular product and is not elsewhere
provided for or cellular products thereof; or (3) processes
of preparing a composition which is capable of forming a
cellular product by removing a material therefrom without
expansion of the composition or to the composition, per se.
(2) Note. Included within the definition of cellular
products are foamed products and products which contain
pores, cavities, voids, interstices, or fissures.
(3) Note. In order to be proper for this subclass, the final
product must be a cellular product and must contain a solid
synthetic polymer. Destruction of the cellular product as by
grinding, etc., and wherein a noncellular solid polymer is
recovered is excluded herefrom. Solid polymer as used
throughout this schedule does not exclude polymers which
would be solid except that under the conditions of use their
physical state has been changed to satisfy the process
conditions required (e.g., molten, dissolved).
(4) Note. In order to be proper for this and the indented
subclasses hereunder, those claims which recite a cell
forming composition must recite that the composition has been
perfected in some manner that is specific to the cellular
property, e.g., adding a blowing agent, adding of cell
stabilizing surfactants, etc. Compositions which are complete
or nearly complete and which merely require the application
of heat or the addition of air are proper for classification
herein.
(5) Note. The term "stated ingredient" denotes the
intentional and deliberate presence of an ingredient (other
than a monomer or reactant which forms the polymer backbone)
during a cell forming process.
I. The term "stated ingredient" is limited to: (A) an amount
of a material (e.g., 2 percent of a material, etc.); (B) (1)
a recitation of at least one specified element in compound or
in elemental form (e.g., oxygen-liberating compound, peroxy
compound, chloride-containing, etc.) and (2) groups of
elements which can be identified from the periodic table,
other than metal or nonmetal (e.g., Group IA, transition
metal, halogen-containing, etc.); (3) Compounds which have
identified art meaning (e.g., alcohol, ethers, ester, etc.).
II. Examples of materials which are described in mere
functional terms and are thereby excluded as being "stated
ingredient" since they do not meet the parameters set out in
I, A and B above are terms such as free radical catalyst,
redox catalyst, emulsifier, dispersant, base, acid, organic
medium, blowing agent, etc.
(6) Note. Patents which claim an "in situ" preparation of
the "stated ingredient" in the presence of the monomer or
reactants which form the backbone polymer are classified on
the materials which are introduced and co-react to form the
"in situ" stated ingredient.
(7) Note. Patents in this area are to be classified on the
basis of the claimed final compound or composition that is
introduced into the reaction zone and is in direct contact
with any of the monomers or reactants therein. If it is not
possible to so classify the intro duced material,
classification is then made on the basis of the individual
reactants used in the preparation of the unknown material. In
the event that the claims recite both the individual
reactants and identify the product formed there from, then
the original classification should be made in the subclass
that provides for the known product and a cross-reference
should be placed in the appropriate subclass that provides
for the reactants.
(8) Note. Claims to an after-treated product are classified
on the basis of the actual monomers or reactants used in the
preparation of the polymer to be after-treated rather than on
the after-treated polymer, per se. Furthermore, polymers
which are to be after-treated and which already have been
exposed to a preliminary after-treatment step, (e.g.,
halogenated polymer, alkylated polymer, etc.) are classified
on the basis of the unsaturated monomers or reactants used in
the preparation of the polymer.
(9) The types of cellular materials set forth in (A)-(F),
infra, are provided for by this class. (G)-(J), infra,
provide gurther elucidation.
(A) A mixture of similar types or different types of solid
polymers.
(B) A mixture of a solid polymer anda resinifiable
intermediate condensation product, the latter being known to
form a solid polymer under the conditions of the reaction if
the performed solid polymer were not present.
(C) A mixture of a solid polymer and reactable materials,
the latter materials being known to react to form a solid
polymer under the conditions of the reaction if the preformed
polymer were not present.
(D) A mixture of a solid polymer and a resinifiable
intermediate, the latter combining with the solid polymer and
polymerizing under the conditions of the reaction.
(E) A mixture of a solid polymer and reactable materials,
the latter combining with the solid polymer and polymerizing
under the conditions of the reaction.
(F) A mixture of a solid polymer and an ethylenic reactant.
(G) In (A) above any difference is sufficient to render the
polymers nonidentical, even if both are made of the same
monomeric materials. This includes, e.g., two polystyrenes
of different density or crystallinity, two diene rubbers of
different Mooney viscosity, etc.
(H) In general, reactable materials (or monomer), as used
herein are distinguished from a resinifiable intermediate
condensation product by the fact that the former is a
definite compound of certain composition or structure,
whereas the latter is the result of a reaction of one or more
nonresinous materials to yield a product which is not a
specific compound, but rather a complex mixture of products
identifiable only on the basis of the average properties of
the whole product. Complex nonresinous materials which are
known to react only by first breaking down to simple
compounds are considered nonresinous materials (e.g.,
paraformaldehyde).
(I) Polymer forming system or polymer forming ingredients as
used throughout the schedule are generic terms and include
(1) reactable materials which form polymers, or (2)
intermediate resinfication condensation producers, polymers,
or (3) ethylenic reactants which react with the polymer.
(J) The resinous, resinifiable or polymerizable reaction
product of a plurality of nonresinous materials of any type
is not included here, but is considered a copolymer or
co-condensation product and placed in this class, as is
appropriate.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for processes of preparing a cellular product only.
52 for all subject matter pertinent to a reticulated product
(e.g., processes, products, etc.).
53 through 55, for processes of treating, or for treated
cellular products, or for compositions containing a cellular
product and a treating agent, or processes of preparing such
a composition.
56 through 77, for processes of preparing a cellular product
for cell forming compositions or processes of preparing.
78 through 81, for processes of preparing a cellular
product.
82 through 133, for processes of preparing a cellular
product in the presence of a stated ingredient, for cell
forming compositions containing a stated ingredient; or
processes of preparing a cell forming composition.
134 through 189, for cellular products, for processes of
preparing a cellular product in the absence of a stated
ingredient, for a cell forming composition devoid of a stated
ingredient or processes of preparing same, for processes of
treating a cellular product with a material which neither
reacts with the cellular product nor which is intended to
form a composition therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for a synthetic
pigment, filler or aggregatecontaining voids or cavities and,
in particular, subclass 409 wherein it is coated
(encapsulated or dispersed) with a stated material.
216, Etching a Substrate: Processes, for etching processes
used in the manufacturing of a porous or perforated article.
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, 4.1 for liquid encapsulation, e.g.,
microencapsulating a liquid within a microcapsule wall
derived from a synthetic polymer, etc. However, if the core
material is disclosed to be an expanding (blowing) agent see
Class 521, subclass 50, (4) Note for limitations to those
subclasses.
427, Coating Processes, 213.3 for solid encapsulation e.g.,
microencapsulating a solid with a microcapsule wall derived
from a synthetic polymer, etc. However, if the core material
is disclosed to be an expanding (blowing) agent see Class
521, subclass 50, (4) Note for limitations to those
subclasses.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 402.2 and
402.24 for microcapsuless with liquid and solid cores
respectively. However, if the core material is disclosed to
be an expanding (blowing) agent see Class 521, subclass 50,
(4) Note for a limitation to those subclasses.
523, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, in particular,
subclass 218 for a hollow nonsynthetic polymeric or
polymeric or hollow nonpolymeric material in admixture with a
polymer of that class.
525, Synthetic Resins and Natural Rubbers, for mixtures of
solid polymers and mixtures of a solid polymer and a polymer
forming system which mixtures are not cellular.
588, Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment,
subclass 255 for the use of a polymer, resin, or foam in the
containment of hazardous or toxic waste.
Subclass:
50.5
Compositions to be polymerized by wave energy in order to
prepare a cellular product wherein said composition contains
a rate-affecting material; or compositions to be modified by
wave energy to prepare a cellular product wherein said
composition contains a rate-affecting material; or processes
of preparing or treating a solid polymer utilizing wave
energy in order to prepare a cellular product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
under Class 521, ... including one of the following: (a)
processes of polymerizing a monomer to from a cellular solid
polymer in the presence of wave energy; (b) processes of
reacting a cellular solid polymer with a chemical reactant in
the presence of wave energy in order to produce a modified
polymer; (c) processes of treating a cellular solid polymer
with wave energy wherein the wave energy causes a chemical
reaction to precede; (d) polymerizable compositions to be
treated with wave to form a cellular product wherein a
photoinitiator or photosensitizer is or either specifically
or nominally.
(1) Note. To be classified herein the composition to be
polymerized or reacted must have a photoiniitator
photosensitizer claimed in addition to the polymer to be
treated or the monomers to be polymerized.
Subclass:
51
Processes of preparing a cellular product having an integral
skin:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a process of preparing a cellular product having an
integral skin.
(1) Note. An integral skin is defined as a surface layer of
increased density as compared with a central core or layer,
and which skin is formed contemporaneously with the central
core or layer and from the same cell forming ingredients.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, 45.1 for multi-step processes of forming cellular
product having an integral skin, or for processes of forming
a product having an integral skin involving a significant
molding or shaping step.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, in particular
212 and 304.4+ for a cellular product having an integral
skin.
Subclass:
52
Reticulated cellular product or processes of preparing a
reticulated cellular product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a reticulated cellular product. [figure]
[caption]Figure 1 (reticulated) [figure] [caption]Figure 2
(nonreticulated); Number 10 is the polymer product; Number 11
is the skeletal structure.; Number 12 is the cell membrane.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for all inventions not
elsewhere provided, drawn to a reticulated product other than
where the reticulated product is subsequently destroyed.
(2) Note. A reticulated cellular product is one which
corresponds to a closed cell structure but wherein the cell
windows have been substantially removed. An example of a
reticulated product is illustrated above.
(3) Note. The reticulated product may be the result of a
direct cell forming process or may be the result of the
after-treating of a previously formed cellular product.
Subclass:
53
Treating a cellular solid polymer by adding a material
thereto which reacts with the polymer or forms a composition
therewith, or products of said treating process:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein a previously formed solid cellular polymer is treated
with a material so as to form a desired composition therewith
or so as to chemically modify the cellular product by a
change in chemical bonds therein.
(1) Note. Excluded from this subclass and the indented
subclasses thereunder is the addition of a foaming agent to a
partially expanded product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for the addition of a foaming agent to a partially
expanded bead.
134 through 189, for processes of purifying a cellular
product by the addition of material thereto or for processes
of treating with a material wherein no chemical reaction with
the cellular product or desired composition with the cellular
product is produced (e.g., contacting with a particular
drying gas, etc.).
Subclass:
54
Treating a cellular solid polymer by adding a solid polymer
or solid polymer-forming composition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter
wherein (1) an additional solid polymer is added to the
previously formed cellular polymer, or (2) wherein
polymer-forming ingredients are added to the previously
formed solid cellular polymer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 (9) Note therein, for definition of the terms incorporated
by (1) and (2) above.
Subclass:
55
Treating a cellular solid polymer by adding a material
thereto which forms a composition therewith:
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter
wherein a material is added to the previously formed solid
cellular material so as to form a desired composition
therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
252, Compositions, subclass 567 for a web or sheet, e.g., of
porous polymer, impregnated with a defined liquid
dielectric.
Subclass:
56
Particle which is expandable, process of preparing an
expandable particle, or process of expanding a particle to
form a cellular product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein a cellular product is produced from a particle.
(1) Note. This subclass provides (1) for processes of
forming a cellular product from an expandable particle; (2)
for a particle which is claimed as being capable of forming a
cellular product; or (3) for processes of preparing a
particle which is capable of being formed into a cellular
product.
(2) Note. This subclass does not require that the continuous
phase of the particle be a solid synthetic polymer. It is
sufficient if the particle merely contains a solid synthetic
polymer.
(3) Note. This subclass requires that the particle nature be
retained in the final cellular product and not be destroyed
during or prior to the cell-forming step, e.g., melting
particles for extruding is excluded herefrom, etc.
(4) Note. This subclass includes the process of treating a
preexpanded particle so as to subsequently expand said
particle.
(5) Note. Also search appropriate subclasses for a sintering
sheet having structure insufficient for placement into Class
428.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79 for processes of forming a cellular product from
particles which are either completely or partially melted
during extrusion. The term "extrusion", per se, connotes
destruction of the particulate structure unless the
disclosure indicates to the contrary.
82 for forming a cellular product from bulk handled
particulate material whose particulate nature is destroyed
prior to or during the cell-forming step.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, for a process of agglomerating or sintering
wherein a sheet product may be formed having voids therein.
427, Coating Processes, for processes involving more than the
mere coating of a particulate material and wherein said
particulate material is nonexpendable.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, for mere
processes of coating and for coated particles which are
non-expandable.
Subclass:
57
Including step of surface coating a particle or process of
expanding a surface coated particle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter
wherein (1) a particle of a solid polymeric material is
surface coated and wherein the particle or the coating is
expandable or is expanded in a later processing step; or (2)
a particle is coated with a polymeric containing material and
the base or coating is expandable or expanded in a later
processing step.
(1) Note. The coating may be continuous or discontinuous.
It may be formed from a solid as in a powder coating or may
be formed from a fluent.
(2) Note. The surface coating may be applied precedent to or
subsequent to a step of impregnating a particle with a
blowing agent.
Subclass:
58
Expanding utilizing plural expansions steps:
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter
wherein the expansion steps occur in a plurality of stages.
(1) Note. A continuous expansion step is not considered as
being a "plurality of stages" and is properly classified
elsewhere.
Subclass:
59
Expandable system contains two or more solid polymers or at
least one solid polymer and at least one polymer-forming
system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter
wherein two or more solid polymers are present during the
cell-forming operation, or wherein, in addition to the solid
particulate polymer, additional polymer-forming ingredients
are present.
(1) Note. This subclass includes "block" or "graft"
copolymers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 the (9) Note therein, for a discussion of the terms "two
or more solid polymers or polymer-forming ingredients".
Subclass:
60
Adding expanding agent subsequent to solid polymer
formation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter
wherein the expanding agent is added to a previously formed
solid polymer, e.g., impregnating a particle with a blowing
agent, etc.
Subclass:
61
Process of preparing a cellular product by removal of
material from a solid polymer- containing matrix without
expanding the matrix; composition which is nonexpandible and
is designed to form a cellular product by said process; or
process of preparing said composition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein a cellular product is produced by removing a material
from a polymeric composition containing a solid polymer and
wherein removal is accomplished without the composition being
expanded.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for (1) processes of
forming a cellular product by removal of a material from a
previously formed solid polymer composition; or (2) a solid
polymer containing composition which is claimed as being
capable of preparing a cellular product by removal of
material therefrom; or (3) processes of preparing the
composition of (2) above.
(2) Note. In general, the operations proper for this
subclass are characterized as leaching, extracting,
evaporation, etc.
(3) Note. Two step processes wherein an additional
cell-forming operation is accomplished subsequent to the
removal operation are proper herein unless an additional
material is added subsequent to the removal which reacts with
the polymer or forms a desired composition therewith.
(4) Note. Processes involving a temporary base wherein a
polymeric composition is placed on a temporary base and where
the base is merely used as a work holder and is subsequently
removed after the cell-forming operation of the polymeric
composition are proper for this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for two-step processes (1) wherein an additional
cell-forming operation is accomplished subsequent to the
removal operation, and (2) an additional material is added
subsequent to the removal which reacts with the polymer or
forms a desired composition therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, 41 for a process claim involving preparing a
cellular article by removal of material from a sheet, film,
or oriented or stretched fiber. Terms in claims such as
forming a "mass", "forming an article", "forming a desired
shape", or "shaping in a mold to provide a product of desired
shape" preparatory to the removal operation are considered
insignificant process limitations and such claims are proper
for Class 521.
427, Coating Processes, for a process of permanently coating
a base and removing material from the coating, from the base,
or from both, to produce a cellular product.
Subclass:
62
Mixture of solid polymers present during cell formation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Subject matter
wherein two or more polymers are present during the
cell-forming operation.
(1) Note. This subclass includes "block" or "graft"
copolymers.
(2) Note. One of the polymers may be formed "in situ".
(3) Note. One of the polymers may be partially or completely
removed during the cell-forming operation.
Subclass:
63
Cellular product-forming process wherein the removable
material is present or is produced in situ during the solid
polymer formation step:
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Subject matter
wherein the material removed to form the cellular structure
is present during the solid polymer formation or is formed
during the polymer-forming process.
Subclass:
64
Removing a liquid to form a cellular product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Subject matter
wherein the material removed to form the cellular structure
is at least in part a liquid, e.g., extraction, evaporation,
etc.
Subclass:
65
Process of forming a cellular product from an aqueous latex,
aqueous dispersion, aqueous emulsion containing a solid
polymer; process of preparing a latex, dispersion, or
emulsion containing a solid polymer which is designed to be
formed into a cellular product, or composition thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein a cellular product is produced from an aqueous latex,
aqueous dispersion, or aqueous emulsion containing a solid
polymer.
(1) Note. This subclass provides (1) for processes of
forming a cellular product from an aqueous latex, aqueous
emulsion, or aqueous dispersion containing a solid polymer;
(2) for an aqueous latex, aqueous dispersion, or aqueous
emulsion, of a preformed solid polymer which is claimed as
being capable of preparing a cellular product; or (3) for
processes of preparing an aqueous latex, aqueous emulsion, or
aqueous dispersion which is capable of being formed into a
cellular product, e.g., polymerizing a material and forming a
polymer containing latex thereby and subsequently treating to
form a cellular product, etc.
(2) Note. Excluded from this area are processes involving
preparing a latex, emulsion, or dispersion which is destroyed
as by coagulation, precipitation or any other manner prior to
the cell-forming step.
Subclass:
66
Treating a latex, dispersion, or emulsion containing a solid
polymer at 32 deg. f. or below, e.g., freezing, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter
wherein a step is included of treating the aqueous latex,
aqueous emulsion, or aqueous dispersion at a temperature of
32 deg.F. or below.
(1) Note. Included herein are coagulation or agglomeration
by freezing of an aqueous latex, emulsion, or dispersion, or
the addition of materials which are at or below 32 deg.F. to
an aqueous latex, dispersion, or emulsion.
(2) Note. The treating for purposes of this subclass must
integrally involve the aqueous latex, aqueous dispersion, or
aqueous emulsion.
Subclass:
67
Adding -N=C=X material to a latex, dispersion, or emulsion
containing a solid polymer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein an -N=C=X material (X is a chalcogen)is added to an
aqueous latex, aqueous dispersion, or aqueous emulsion
containing a solid polymeric material.
(1) Note. The -N=C=X material may be added at any stage of
cure with the proviso that it must be added to an aqueous
latex, emulsion, or dispersion which is capable of expansion
or of further expansion as a latex, emulsion, or dispersion.
Subclass:
68
Adding fibrous material to a latex dispersion, or emulsion
containing a solid polymer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein a fibrous material is added to an aqueous latex,
aqueous dispersion, or aqueous emulsion containing a solid
polymeric material, or wherein a fibrous material is part of
an aqueous latex, aqueous emulsion, or aqueous dispersion
containing a previously formed solid polymeric material.
Subclass:
69
Latex, dispersion, or emulsion contains an additional solid
polymer-forming system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein, in addition to at least one solid polymer initially
present in the aqueous latex, emulsion, or dispersion, there
is also present a reactant or reactants which under the
condition of the reaction and in the absence of the initial
polymer would form an additional solid polymer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 the (9) Note therein, for a discussion of the terms "two
solid polymers or polymer forming system". Reactants which
form or are known to form initial solid polymers are included
herein as being an additional solid polymer forming system.
(See Class 521, subclass 50 (11) Note therein).
70 for processes of preparing a cellular product from a
composition containing two or more previously formed solid
polymers.
Subclass:
70
Latex, dispersion, or emulsion contains two or more solid
polymers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein two or more solid polymers are present in an aqueous
latex, aqueous dispersion, or aqueous emulsion.
(1) Note. The solid polymers may be in the same or
different phase.
Subclass:
71
Solid polymer is derived from a conjugated diene monomer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein the solid polymer which is part of the aqueous latex,
aqueous emulsion, or aqueous dispersion is derived from at
least a reactant having two or more conjugated ethylenic
groups.
Subclass:
72
Utilizing cell forming agent other than air:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein an agent other than air, per se, is utilized as a
means to generate a cellular product.
(1) Note. The agent may be directly introduced into the
aqueous latex, aqueous emulsion, or aqueous dispersion or may
be formed in situ.
Subclass:
73
Process of preparing a cellular product of a plastisol of a
solid polymer derived solely from ethylenically unsaturated
monomers; forming a plastisol of a solid polymer derived
solely from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is
designed to be formed into a cellular product, or composition
thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein a cellular product is produced from a nongelled
plastisol containing a solid polymer derived solely from
ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
(1) Note. This subclass provides (1) for processes of
forming a cellular product from a plastisol composition; (2)
for plastisol compositions which will form a cellular
product; or (3) for processes of preparing a cellular forming
plastisol composition.
(2) Note. A plastisol is a dispersion of solid polymeric
particles in a plasticizer at ambient temperature and which
dispersion gels upon heating.
(3) Note. Patent claims are placed herein when the term
"plastisol" is employed in the claim or when the term
"plasticize" is employed and there is evidence in the
disclosure that a plastisol is intended.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for processes involving a stated ingredient wherein a
gelled material is ground to a powder and processed.
Subclass:
74
By incorporation of material in gaseous state:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
wherein a material in a gaseous state is introduced into the
plastisol composition.
(1) Note. Included herein is the introduction of air as by
beating or whipping.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73 for processes wherein a gas is formed in situ in a
plastisol composition.
Subclass:
75
System contains two or more solid polymers or contains at
least one solid polymer and at least one polymer-forming
system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
wherein the plastisol composition contains at least two solid
polymers, or at least one solid polymer and at least one
additional solid polymer-forming system.
Subclass:
76
Preparing a cellular product utilizing a stated ingredient
which is surface coated or is a discrete solid particle
containing a fluid encapsulated therein, processes of forming
an expandable composition, containing said stated ingredient
or composition therefrom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein cell formation is achieved or initiated in the
presence of (1) a material which is surface coated; or (2) a
material which consists of a particle comprising a fluent
material encapsulated in a shell.
(1) Note. The material can be present for any purpose, e.g.,
reactant, solid polymer, stated ingredient, etc.
(2) Note. This subclass provides (1) for processes of
forming cellular products in the presence of a material which
is surface coated or in the presence of an encapsulated
fluid; or (2) compositions which are capable of forming a
cellular product and which compositions contain an
encapsulated fluid or surface coated material; or (3)
processes of preparing a cellular forming composition
containing a surface coated material or encapsulated fluent
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 for a process of preparing a cellular material involving
the decomposition of a solid polymer.
82 or 99+, for the preparation of a cellular material
involving the use of an impregnated molecular sieve.
Subclass:
77
Preparing a cellular product by decomposition of a solid
polymer; or process of forming a composition containing a
solid polymer which decomposes so as to subsequently form a
cellular polymer, or composition therefrom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein cell formation is achieved or initiated by
decomposing in whole or part a solid synthetic polymer so as
to form cells in an additional polymer or to form cells in
the polymer undergoing decomposition.
(1) Note. This subclass provides (1) for processes of
forming cellular products in the presence of a decomposing
solid polymer; (2) for compositions which are capable of
forming a cellular product which composition contains a solid
polymer capable of decomposition; or (3) for processes of
preparing a cellular forming composition containing a
decomposable solid polymer.
(2) Note. This subclass includes a single solid polymer
which decomposes so to form materials which will form cells
in the decomposition product and is still a solid polymer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 for a cellular product which is the result of
decomposing a solid polymer in the presence of a different
solid polymer and wherein the decomposed polymer is still a
solid polymer.
Subclass:
78
Preparing a cellular product by spraying a solid polymer
containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
drawn to processes of cell formation wherein cell formation
is achieved or initiated by a step of projecting into a
gaseous atmosphere in a manner whereby temporary or permanent
solid or liquid particles are formed (1) a solid polymer in
liquid state (e.g., molten, dissolved, etc.), or (2) solid
polymer-forming materials.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass but not limited thereto
are processes of taking solid particles and dissolving same
and spraying, as well as melting of solid particles and
spraying.
(2) Note. Processes involving a projecting step wherein cell
formation and projecting are incidental to each other, e.g.,
no cell formation initiated or achieved during the projecting
step, etc. are not proper for this subclass.
(3) Note. This subclass does not provide for compositions
which are to be used in preparing cellular product even if
claimed as being capable of preparing a cellular product by
spraying or for cellular products which are the result of a
spraying procedure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for processes of preparing a cellular product wherein a
solid particle is expanded and retains its individual
particle identity or wherein individual particles are
expanded and coalesce to form an expanded product.
65 for processes of spraying or projecting an aqueous
emulsion, dispersion, or latex.
Subclass:
79
Extruding a solid polymer containing material to form a
cellular product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
drawn to processes of cell formation wherein said cell
formation is achieved or initiated by a step of extrusion of
a molten or liquid material from a region of high pressure
through an orifice into a region of lower pressure.
(1) Note. Spinning, per se, is proper for this subclass as a
specialized form of extrusion wherein a fiber or filament is
produced.
(2) Note. Processes involving an extrusion step wherein cell
formation and extrusion are incidental to one another, e.g.,
no cell formation initiated or achieved during the extruding
step, etc., are not proper for this subclass.
(3) Note. For purposes of this subclass mere removal of
material from a chamber by a step recited as "extrusion" is
not proper herein unless there is an intent to shape the
removed material by the "extrusion step."
(4) Note. This subclass does not provide for compositions
which are to be used in preparing a cellular product even if
claimed as being extrudable, or for cellular products which
are the result of an extruding procedure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, 41 for processes of preparing a composite article
wherein at least one member of the composite is of a porous
nature; and subclasses 109+ for processes of bonding either
cellular or noncellular particles of solid particles together
so as to form a layer and wherein the solid particles may
have voids between the bonded particles.
Subclass:
80
Including solid polymer formation in or during extruding
step:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
wherein a solid polymer is formed during the extruding step.
(1) Note. Solid polymer formation does not include
cross-linking or vulcanizing of a previously formed solid
polymer.
Subclass:
81
System contains a mixture of solid polymers or at least one
solid polymer and at least one solid polymer-forming system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
wherein a mixture of polymers or polymer-forming ingredients
is employed during the extrusion step.
(1) Note. This subclass includes mixed resins, graft
copolymer, or block copolymers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 (9) Note therein, for a definition of the terms "mixture
of polymers or polymer-forming ingredients".
Subclass:
82
Process of forming a cellular product subsequent to solid
polymer formation in the presence of a stated ingredient,
noncellular composition capable of forming a cellular product
and containing a stated ingredient, or process of preparing
same:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein cells are formed subsequent to the formation of a
solid polymer and wherein the cell formation is performed in
the presence of a stated ingredient.
(1) Note. This subclass provides (1) for processes of
forming cellular products in the presence of a stated
ingredient; or (2) for solid polymer containing compositions
which will form cells and which contain a stated ingredient;
or (3) for processes of preparing a polymer containing
composition which contains a stated ingredient and wherein
said composition can be made into a cell containing product.
(2) Note. The term "stated ingredient" denotes the
intentional and deliberate presence of an ingredient (other
than a monomer or reactant which forms the polymer backbone)
during a cell forming process.
I. The term "stated ingredient" is limited to: A. an amount
of a material (e.g., 2 percent of a material, etc.); B. (1) a
recitation of at least one specified element in compound or
in elemental form (e.g., oxygen-liberating compound, peroxy
compound, chloride-containing, etc.), (2) groups of elements
which can be identified from the periodic table, other than
metal or nonmetal (e.g., Group IA, transition metal,
halogen-containing, etc.), (3) Compounds which have
identified art meaning (e.g., alcohol, ethers, ester, etc.).
II. Examples of materials which are described in mere
functional terms and are thereby excluded as being "stated
ingredient" since they do not meet the parameters set out in
I, A and B above are terms such as free radical catalyst,
redox catalyst, emulsifier, dispersant, base, acid, organic
medium, blowing agent, etc.
(3) Note. This subclass relates to both nonreactive and
reactive materials. In this regard it is to be noted that
the use of the term "stated ingredient" is in the context of
materials present during the cell-forming operation and which
operation is subsequent to solid polymer formation; hence it
is proper to regard a cross-linking agent or a system of
additional polymer forming ingredient as being "stated
ingredients" when such materials are present and are in
admixture with a solid polymer and cell formation is
occurring.
(4) Note. When a material is consumed prior to the
cell-forming operation, such material is not to be regarded
as a stated ingredient. However, when a material is added to
a solid polymer with the intent that such material be present
in some degree during the cell-forming operation then such a
material is to be regarded as a stated ingredient.
(5) Note. An exception to the stated ingredient rule is that
a solid polymer proper for this Class 520 Series is not to be
regarded as a "stated ingredient" for another solid polymer.
(6) Note. For purposes of this subclass a polymer derived
from only ethylenically unsaturated monomers is presumed to
be a solid polymer unless contradicted by the patent
specification.
(7) Note. Materials which are present during the
cell-forming operation but which are known to form solid
polymers apart from the solid polymer originally present are
regarded as being "stated ingredients" for purposes of this
subclass.
(8) Note. Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, natural resins,
asphaltic, bituminous materials are always regarded as being
"stated ingredients" for purposes of this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 for processes of preparing cellular materials which may
involve the use of a stated ingredient containing a coating
of a solid synthetic polymer.
77 for cell forming processes utilizing a solid polymer
decomposable so as to either form a cellular product of
itself or to assist in the preparation of cells of an
additional solid polymer.
99 for any other "stated ingredient" present; it is highly
desirable that cross-references be placed herein on the basis
of such other "stated ingredients".
134 for a process of preparing a cellular product involving
two or more solid polymers and in the absence of a "stated
ingredient".
143 through 189, for processes of preparing a cellular
product in the absence of a "stated ingredient".
Subclass:
83
Ingredient is asphaltic, bituminous, or water settable
inorganic material, e.g., cement, plaster of paris, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains an asphaltic,
bituminous, or water settable inorganic material.
(1) Note. Asphaltic or bituminous refers to solid or
semi-solid materials which are often black or dark brown and
which occur naturally, or are obtained by refining petroleum,
or are the components of coal which are soluble in organic
solvents.
(2) Note. As used herein the terms asphaltic or bituminous
include asphaltides, asphalt, asphaltic pyrobitumens,
ozokerite, earth pitch, mineral pitch, petroleum asphalt,
gilsonite, etc.
(3) Note. Water settable inorganic material denotes a
material hardenable by hydration so as to produce a solid
mass, e.g., cement, concrete, plaster of Paris, etc. It
furthermore includes systems in any state of cure and which
are present for any purpose. If any doubt exists in a claim
as to whether an inorganic ingredient is water settable, such
doubt should be resolved by classifying the claim into the
appropriate subclass below.
Subclass:
84.1
Ingredient is protein, carbohydrate, or natural resin:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a protein, carbohydrate,
natural resin, or derivatives thereof.
(1) Note. See the Glossary in the class definition of Class
520 for the definition of protein, carbohydrate, natural
resin, or derivatives of these materials.
Subclass:
85
Ingredient contains a boron or phosphorus atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains at least one atom of
boron or phosphorus.
Subclass:
86
Ingredient is organic silicon compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is an organic compound
containing at least one silicon atom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91 for the use of elemental silicon or an inorganic silicon
compound as stated ingredients.
Subclass:
87
Ingredient is aldehyde or ketone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a ketone or aldehyde.
(1) Note. See the Glossary for a definition of the terms
"aldehyde" and "ketone".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
88 for the use of trioxane or paraformaldehyde as stated
ingredients.
97 for the use of ketene as a stated ingredient.
Subclass:
88
Ingredient is ether, alcohol, or inorganic alcoholate, e.g.,
phenol, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a -C-O-C- group, a
C-OH group (X is an inorganic radical), and wherein none of
the carbon atoms which are single bonded to the oxygen atom
as enumerated above are double bonded to a chalcogen atom (O,
S, Se, or Te) or triple bonded to a nitrogen atom, e.g.,
epoxy compounds, morpholines, cyclic anhydrides, etc.
Subclass:
89
Ingredient contains a sulfur atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a sulfur atom.
Subclass:
90
Ingredient is a heterocyclic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a heterocyclic ring.
(1) Note. See the Glossary in this class (521) for a
definition of the term "heterocyclic".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
88 for an epoxy compound, morpholine, or cyclic anhydride,
utilized as a stated ingredient.
89 for a heterocyclic compound having a sulfur atom as a
ring atom utilized as a stated ingredient.
Subclass:
91
Ingredient contains a silicon atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a silicon atom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
86 for a stated ingredient which is an organic compound
containing a silicon atom.
Subclass:
92
Ingredient contains a metal atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a metal atom.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Metal atom is
part of an organic compound: Subject matter wherein the metal
atom is part of an organic compound.
Subclass:
94
Ingredient is a nitrogen containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a nitrogen containing
compound.
(1) Note. This subclass includes ammonium salts.
Subclass:
95
Nitrogen compound contains a nitrogen atom bonded to a
nitrogen or oxygen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Subject matter
wherein the nitrogen compound contains (1) at least one
nitrogen atom bonded directly to another nitrogen atom, or
(2) at least one nitrogen atom bonded directly to an oxygen
atom (e.g., azo, azide, nitrate, etc.).
Subclass:
96
Ingredient contains an -O-O- group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a compound which contains an
-O-O- structure, e.g., peroxide, etc.
Subclass:
97
Ingredient contains a carbon atom double bonded to oxygen,
e.g., carbon dioxide, carboxylic acid, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a group, etc.,
carbonates, carbon dioxide, carboxylic acids, etc.
Subclass:
98
Ingredient contains only C and H atoms, only C and halogen
atoms, or only C, H, and halogen atoms:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains (1) only carbon and
hydrogen atoms, or (2) only carbon, hydrogen, and halogen
atoms, or (3) only carbon and halogen atoms.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the stated ingredient
proper for this subclass in any physical state.
Subclass:
99
Cellular product formation prior to or during solid polymer
formation in the presence of a stated ingredient other than
water:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein cells are formed prior to, or during the solid
polymer formation and wherein the cell formation is performed
in the presence of a stated ingredient.
(1) Note. This subclass provides (1) for processes of
forming cellular products in the presence of a stated
ingredient; or (2) for polymer-forming compositions which
will form cells and which contain a stated ingredient; or (3)
for processes of preparing a polymer-forming composition
which contains a stated ingredient and wherein said
composition can be made into a cellular product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 the (7) Note for the definition of "stated ingredient".
Certain exceptions do exist and are noted:
Water in any of its physical forms is excluded herefrom as
being a stated ingredient.
(B) Materials which are categorized as curing, cross-linking,
or chain-extenders are excluded herefrom and are to be
considered as polymer-forming additives.
(C) (1) In processes wherein an isocyanate is a reactant a
further exception to the stated ingredient definition is that
a compound containing only a single C-XH, C-NH[subscrpt]2[end
subscrpt], -C=NH, or CXH group (wherein X is a chalcogen) is
always considered as being a reactant rather than as a stated
ingredient.
(2) In those processes wherein an isocyanate is a reactant a
compound containing two or more C-XH,C-NH[subscrpt]2[end
subscrpt], -C= NH, or CXH groups or combination of such
groups (wherein X is a chalcogen) is always considered as
being a reactant rather than as a stated ingredient.
134 through 189, for a cellular product which has been
prepared in the presence of a stated ingredient.
Subclass:
100
Ingredient is water settable inorganic composition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains an inorganic material
hardenable by hydration so to produce a solid mass, e.g.,
cement, concrete, plaster of Paris, etc.
(1) Note. This subclass includes systems having cement,
concrete, plaster of Paris in any stage of cure.
(2) Note. The water settable ingredient can be present for
any purpose.
(3) Note. If any doubt exists in a claim as to whether an
inorganic ingredient is water settable, such doubt should be
resolved by classifying the claim into the appropriate
subclass below.
Subclass:
101
Ingredient is bituminous or asphaltic material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains an asphaltic or
bituminous material.
(1) Note. Asphaltic or bituminous refers to solid or
semi-solid materials which are often black or dark brown and
which occur naturally, or are obtained by refining petroleum,
or are the components of coal which are soluble in organic
solvents.
(2) Note. As used herein the terms asphaltic or bituminous
include asphalt, asphaltides, asphaltic pyrobitumens,
ozokerite, earth pitch, mineral pitch, petroleum asphalt,
gilsonite, etc.
Subclass:
102
Ingredient is a protein containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a protein or a protein
reaction product, e.g., gelatin, silk, etc.
(1) Note. A protein reaction product requires at the minimum
the presence of a peptide group, i.e., an amide linkage
between the amino radical of one amino acid and the carboxyl
radical of another amino acid.
Subclass:
103
Ingredient contains a boron atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a boron atom.
Subclass:
104
Boron trihalide or complex thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is boron trihalide or is an
organic or inorganic complex thereof.
(1) Note. The halogen atoms may be the same as in boron
trichloride, or they may be different.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Boron atom is
part of an organic compound: Subject matter wherein the boron
atom is part of an organic compound.
Subclass:
106
Ingredient Contains a Phosphorus Atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a phosphorus atom.
Subclass:
107
Phosphorous atom is part of an organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
wherein the phosphorus atom is part of an organic compound.
Subclass:
108
Organic phosphorus compound contains a phosphorus atom bonded
to an atom other than oxygen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter
wherein the organic phosphorus compound contains at least one
phosphorus atom bonded to an element which is other than
oxygen.
Subclass:
109.1
Ingredient is carbohydrate, or natural resin:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a carbohydrate, or natural
resin, or derivatives thereof.
(1) Note. Note See the Glossary in the class definition of
Class 520 for the definition of carbohydrate, natural resin,
or derivatives of these materials.
Subclass:
110
Ingredient contains a silicon atom as part of an organic
compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is an organic compound
containing at least one silicon atom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 for an inorganic compound containing silicon which is a
stated ingredient.
Subclass:
111
Organic silicon atom compound contains an atom other than
oxygen, hydrogen, silicon or carbon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter
wherein the organic silicon compound contains an atom other
than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, or silicon.
Subclass:
112
Organic silicon compound contains an ether group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter
wherein the organic silicon compound contains a-C-O-C- group
and wherein neither of the carbon atoms single bonded to the
oxygen atom is double bonded to a chalcogen atom.
Subclass:
113
Ingredient is aldehyde or ketone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a ketone or aldehyde.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114 for the use of trioxane or paraformaldehyde as stated
ingredients.
130 for the use of ketone as a stated ingredient.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary, for a
definition of the term "aldehyde" or "ketone".
Subclass:
114
Ingredient contains a -C-X-C- group wherein X is a chalcogen
atom and none of the C atoms bonded to the chalcogen are
double bonded to an additional chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a -C-X-C- group
wherein X is a chalcogen atom, and wherein one of the carbon
atoms bonded to the chalcogen atom are double bonded to an
additional chalcogen atom.
Subclass:
115
-C-X-C- compound contains a nitrogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter
wherein the -C-X-C ingredient contains a nitrogen atom.
Subclass:
116
-C-X-C- compound contians a -C-XH group wherein X is a
chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter
wherein the C-X-C ingredient contains a C-XH group.
Subclass:
117
Ingredient contains a -C-XH group wherein X is a chalcogen
atom and the carbon atom is not double bonded to a chalcogen
atom, phenol, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a C-XH group, wherein
X is a chalcogen atom, and wherein the carbon atom bonded to
the chalcogen atom of the XH group is not double bonded to an
additional chalcogen atom.
Subclass:
118
-C-XH ingredient contains a nitrogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
wherein the C-XH ingredient contains a nitrogen atom.
Subclass:
119
Ingredient is inorganic halogen containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a halogen atom either
as elemental halogen or as part of an inorganic halogen
compound.
Subclass:
120
Ingredient contains a sulfur atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a sulfur atom.
Subclass:
121
Sulfur atom is part of an organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter
wherein the sulfur atom is part of an organic compound.
Subclass:
122
Ingredient contains a silicon atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a silicon atom.
Subclass:
123
Ingredient contains a metal atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a metal atom.
Subclass:
124
Metal atom is part of an organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter
wherein the metal atom is part of an organic compound.
Subclass:
125
Organic metal compound contains a group I or Group II metal
atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter
wherein the metal atom which is part of the organic compound
is a Group I or Group II metal.
(1) Note. Group I and Group II metal atoms are:
Group IA is limited to L, Na, K, Ru, Cs, Fr.
Group IIA is limited to Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra.
Group IB is limited to Cu, Ag, Au.
Group IIB is limited to Zn, Cd, Hg.
Subclass:
126
Organic metal compound contains tin:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter
wherein a tin atom is part of the organic compound.
Subclass:
127
Tin compound is dibutyl tin dilaurate or stannous octoate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter
wherein the organic tin compound is dibutyl tin dilaurate or
stannous octoate.
Subclass:
128
Ingredient is a nitrogen containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a nitrogen containing
compound.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 for the use of nitrogen gas as a stated ingredient.
Subclass:
129
Nitrogen compound contains a nitrogen atom bonded to three
carbon atoms and wherein none of the carbon atoms are double
bonded to oxygen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Subject matter
wherein the nitrogen compound contains at least one nitrogen
atom which is bonded to three carbon atoms and wherein none
of the carbon atoms bonded to the nitrogen atom are double
bonded to oxygen.
Subclass:
130
Ingredient contains a carbon atom double bonded to oxygen,
e.g., carboxylic acid, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains a group, e.g.,
carbonates, CO[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt], carboxylic acids,
etc.
Subclass:
131
Ingredient contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, only C
and halogen atoms, or only C, H, and halogen atoms:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient contains (1) only carbon and
hydrogen atoms, or (2) only carbon, hydrogen, and halogen
atoms, or (3) only carbon and halogen atoms.
Subclass:
132
Said ingredient is substantially nonvolatile material, e.g.,
hydrocarbon waxes, greases, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient which contains (1) only carbon
and halogen atoms, or (2) only carbon, hydrogen, and halogen
atoms, or (3) only carbon and halogen atoms, is a solid or
liquid and has slight or no tendency to pass into a gaseous
state under the contemplated conditions of the process.
(1) Note. Materials proper for this subclass are often
described as plasticizers, flame retardants, lubricants,
waxes, greases, oils, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
131 for a material chemically proper for this subclass, but
which is described as a blowing agent. Where any doubt occurs
as to whether appreciable volatization occurs under the
contemplated process conditions, such doubt should be
resolved by placing the document into subclass 131.
Subclass:
133
Ingredient is gaseous at ambient conditions, e.g., air,
oxygen, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
wherein the stated ingredient is a gas at normal room
temperature and pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
130 for carbon dioxide as a stated ingredient.
Subclass:
134
Cellular product derived from two or more solid polymers or
from at least one solid polymer-forming system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular product derived from mixed solid
polymers or from a solid polymer and at least one
polymer-forming system or process of preparing such a
cellular product; compositions containing mixed solid
polymers or a solid polymer and a polymer-forming system or
processes of preparing and which are capable of forming a
cellular product; processes of treating a cellular product
derived from mixed solid polymers or from a solid polymer and
a polymer-forming system with a material which neither reacts
with the cellular product to change or modify chemical bonds
therein or neither forms a desired composition with the
cellular product or products of such a treatment; processes
of treating a cellular product derived from mixed solid
polymers or from a solid polymer and a polymer-forming system
without the addition of a material thereto whereby a physical
or chemical change in the cellular product may be effected or
products which are the result of such a treatment.
(1) Note. Patents are placed away in this and the indented
subclasses on the basis of the first appearing polymer or
polymer-forming system provided in the schedule array. Each
polymer-forming system is to be equated to the solid polymer
that would be prepared if the polymer-forming system were
polymerized. This and the indented subclasses includes
mixtures of polymers wherein one of said polymers may act as
a filler, preservative, etc., for the other polymer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 for a definition of the term mixed solid polymer or for
system of a polymer and a polymer-forming system.
91 for a process of treating a cellular mixed polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer, or wherein a polymer-forming system is
added to a cellular polymer to form a desired composition
therewith, or for cellular products which are the result of
such a treating process.
Subclass:
135
At least one polymer is derived from reactant containing two
or more three membered heterocyclic rings having two carbon
atoms and one chalcogen atom or polymer-forming system
contains the same type of reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the polymers in the mixture is
derived from a reactant which contains two or more - -
groups and wherein X is a chalcogen atom.
Subclass:
136
At least one polymer is derived from an aldehyde or
derivative or wherein the polymer-forming system contains the
same type of reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the polymers is derived from an
aldehyde or aldehyde derivative.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary, for a
definition of the term "aldehyde".
528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 230 for a
definition of the term "aldehyde derivative".
Subclass:
137
At least one polymer is derived from a -N=C=X reactant
wherein X is a chalcogen atom or wherein the polymer-forming
system contains the same type of reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the polymers is derived from a -N=C=X
reactant and wherein X is a chalcogen atom.
Subclass:
138
At least one polymer is derived from a polycarboxylic acid or
derivative and polyol or wherein the polymer-forming system
contains the same type of reactants:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the polymers is the reaction product
of a polycarboxylic acid or derivative and a polyol.
(1) Note. Polymeric products which are the result of the
polymerization of a polycarboxylic acid as a sole reactant
are included in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary, for a
definition of the term "polycarboxylic acid or derivative".
Subclass:
139
At least one polymer is derived from an ethylenically
unsaturated aromatic reactant or wherein the polymer-forming
system contains the same type of reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the polymers is derived from an
ethylenically unsaturated aromatic reactant.
Subclass:
140
At least one polymer is derived from reactant containing two
or more ethylenic groups or wherein the polymer-forming
systems contains the same type of reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the polymers is derived from a
reactant containing two or more ethylenic groups.
Subclass:
141
Cellular vinyl alcohol polymer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from vinyl alcohol or
process of preparing; composition containing a vinyl alcohol
polymer and which composition is capable of forming a
cellular product or processes of preparing same; processes of
treating a cellular polymer derived from a vinyl alcohol
polymer with a material which neither reacts with the
cellular polymer to change or modify chemical bonds therein
or neither forms a desired composition with the cellular
polymer; or products of such a treatment; processes of
treating a cellular polymer derived from a vinyl alcohol
containing polymer without the addition of a material thereto
whereby a physical or chemical change in the polymer may be
effected or products which are the result of such treatment.
(1) Note. A vinyl alcohol containing polymer requires at
least 3 () groups in the polymeric molecule.
(2) Note. Vinyl alcohol polymers for the most part herein
are prepared by the partial hydrolysis or saponification of
polymers of vinyl esters (particularly homo or
interpolymerized vinyl acetate).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a derived composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
process.
Subclass:
142
Cellular product derived from ethylenically unsaturated
reactants only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer-derived from only reactants
which contain ethylenic unsaturation or process of preparing;
composition containing a polymer derived from only reactants
containing ethylenic unsaturation or from polymerizable
reactants containing only ethylenic unsaturation and which
composition is capable of preparing a cellular product or
processes of preparing same: processes of treating a cellular
polymer derived from only ethylenic reactants with a material
which neither reacts with the cellular polymer to change or
modify chemical bonds therein or neither forms a desired
composition with the cellular polymer or products of such a
treatment; processes of treating a cellular polymer derived
from only ethylenic reactants without the addition of a
material thereto whereby a physical or chemical change in the
polymer may be effected or products which are the result of
such a treatment.
(1) Note. Ethylenic unsaturation includes the acetylenic
linkage (-C=C-).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
process.
Subclass:
143
From acyclic mono-unsaturated hydrocarbon as only reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein only mono-ethylenically-unsaturated acyclic
hydrocarbons are utilized as reactants.
(1) Note. Included herein are homopolymers of ethylene as
well as interpolymers of ethylene with other mono-unsaturated
acyclic hydrocarbons.
Subclass:
144
Interpolymer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter
wherein two or more mono-ethylenically-unsaturated acyclic
hydrocarbons are utilized as reactants.
Subclass:
145
From acyclic mono-unsaturated halogenated reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein an acyclic mono-ethylenically-unsaturated halogenated
hydrocarbon is a reactant.
Subclass:
146
From aromatic reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein an ethylenically unsaturated aromatic material is a
reactant.
Subclass:
147
With Oxygen or nitrogen containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter
wherein the ethylenically unsaturated aromatic reactant is
reacted with at least an oxygen or nitrogen containing
ethylenically unsaturated reactant.
Subclass:
148
With conjugated diene reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter
wherein the ethylenically unsaturated aromatic reactant is
reacted with a conjugated diene reactant.
(1) Note. A conjugated diene for purposes of this subclass
requires at least two ethylenic bonds separated from each
other by a single nonethylenic bond, e.g., -C=C-C=C-C-
(2) Note. A compound having at least one conjugated unit as
in (1) Note above is sufficient for placement into this
subclass.
(3) Note. A compound such as a triene is proper herein if
it contains at least one conjugated unit.
Subclass:
149
From oxygen containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein a solid polymer is derived from at least one reactant
containing an oxygen atom.
Subclass:
150
From reactant containing two or more ethylenic unsaturated
groups:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein a solid polymer is derived from at least one reactant
containing two or more ethylenic groups.
Subclass:
151
Cellular polymer derived from tar, pitch, bitumen, asphalt,
or plant material of unknown constitution, e.g., nut shell
liquor, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant which is identified as a tar, pitch, bitumen,
asphalt, or as a plant material of substantially undefined
chemical identity or process of preparing; compositions
containing a polymer derived from a reactant identified as a
tar, pitch, bitumen, asphalt, or as a plant material of
substantially undefined chemical identity or contain a
polymerizable reactant identified as tar, pitch, bitumen,
asphalt, or plant material of substantially undefined
chemical constitution and which composition is capable of
preparing a cellular product or process of preparing same.
Processes of treating a cellular polymer derived from at
least one reactant which is identified as a tar, bitumen,
asphalt, or as a plant material of substantially undefined
chemical identity with a material which neither reacts with
the cellular polymer to change or modify chemical bonds
therein or neither forms a desired composition with the
cellular polymer or products of such a treatment; processes
of treating a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant which is identified as a tar, pitch, bitumen,
asphalt, or as a plant material of substantially undefined
chemical constituent without the addition of a material
thereto whereby a physical or chemical change in the polymer
may be effected or products which are the result of such a
treatment.
(1) Note. Tars are the result of thermal decomposition of
wood in the substantial absence of oxygen.
(2) Note. Asphalt or bitumen refers to solid or semi-solid
materials which are often black or dark brown and which occur
naturally or are obtained by refining petroleum or are the
components of coal which are soluble in organic solvents.
The terms also apply to residual materials such as coal,
asphaltic, pyrobitumens, ozokerite, tar, pitch (e.g.,
asphalt, earth pitch, mineral pitch, petroleum asphalt,
gilsonite, etc.).
(3) Note. The types of plant material which are proper for
this subclass are those whose composition and constitution
are not sufficiently determined to enable their
classification in the later subclasses on the basis of a
particular reactant.
(4) Note. Materials which are substantially known as to
chemical constitution are excluded from this subclass and are
classified below in the schedule on the basis of the first
specific reactant which is part of the chemical composition.
If any doubt exists as to whether a material is of sufficient
chemical identity so as to be classified as a specific
reactant then such doubt is to be resolved by classifying the
claim as an original in this area and cross referencing to
the appropriate reactant area.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a foamed
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
process.
180 for Cardanol, anacardic acid or derivatives, tannins or
tannic acid, or cresylic acid as reactants.
Subclass:
152
Cellular product derived from boron containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant which contains a boron atom or process of preparing;
composition containing a polymer derived from a reactant
containing a boron atom or containing polymerizable reactant
containing a boron atom and which composition is capable of
preparing a cellular product or processes of preparing same;
processes of treating a cellular polymer derived from a boron
containing reactant with a material which neither reacts with
the cellular polymer to change or modify chemical bonds
therein or neither forms a desired composition with the
cellular polymer or products of such a treatment; processes
of treating a cellular polymer derived from a boron
containing polymer without the addition of a material thereto
whereby a physical or chemical change in the polymer may be
effected or products which are the result of such a
treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
process.
Subclass:
153
Cellular product derived from aluminum or heavy metal
containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant which contains an aluminum or heavy metal atom or
process of preparing; composition containing a polymer
derived from a reactant containing an aluminum or heavy metal
atom or from a polymerizable reactant containing an aluminum
or heavy-metal atom and which composition is capable of
preparing a cellular product; processes of treating a
cellular polymer derived from an aluminum or heavy metal
containing reactant with a material which neither reacts with
the cellular polymer to change or modify chemical bonds
therein or neither forms a desired composition with the
cellular polymer or products of such a treatment; processes
of treating a cellular polymer derived from an aluminum or
heavy metal containing polymer without the addition of
material thereto whereby a physical or chemical change in the
polymer may be effected or products which are the result of
such a treatment.
(1) Note. Heavy metal denotes a metal atom having a specific
gravity greater than four.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
process.
Subclass:
154
Cellular product derived from silicon containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant which contains a silicon atom or process of
preparing; composition containing a polymer derived from a
reactant containing a silicon atom or containing a
polymerizable reactant containing a silicon atom and which
composition is capable of preparing a cellular product or
processes of preparing same; processes of treating a cellular
polymer derived from a silicon containing reactant with a
material which neither reacts with the cellular polymer to
change or modify chemical bonds therein or neither forms a
desired composition with the cellular polymer or products of
such a treatment; processes of treating a cellular polymer
derived from a silicon containing polymer without the
addition of a material thereto whereby a physical or chemical
change in the polymer may be effected or products which are
the result of such a treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
process.
Subclass:
155
Cellular product derived from a -N=C=X containing reactant
wherein X is a chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived form at least one
reactant which contains a -N=C=X group (X is a chalcogen)or
process of preparing; composition containing a polymer
derived from a reactant containing a -N=C=X group or
involving a polymerizable reactant containing a -N=C=X (X is
a chalcogen)group and which composition is capable of
preparing a cellular product or processes of preparing same;
processes of treating a cellular polymer derived from a
-N=C=X (X is a chalcogen)containing reactant with a material
which neither reacts with the cellular polymer to change or
modify chemical bonds therein or neither forms a desired
composition with the cellular polymer or products of such a
treatment; processes of treating a cellular polymer derived
from a -N=C=X reactant without the addition of a material
thereto whereby a physical or chemical change in the polymer
may be effected or products which are the result of such a
treatment.
(1) Note. This subclass also provides for those functional
derivatives of isocyanates which are generally known as
blocked, masked, or hidden isocyanates. These materials are
those which revert on heating to the -N=C=X group, (e.g.,
urethanes or ureides of phenols, alkanols, lactams, oximes,
etc.).
(2) Note. Where a -N=C=X group is produced by an in situ
reaction or a decomposition reaction (other than blocked,
masked, or hidden isocyanates), those patents have been
placed as originals in the subclass which provides for the
compound prior to its decomposition or on the basis of the
reactants undergoing the in situ reaction, e.g., carbonates
or oxalates, etc.
(3) Note. This subclass includes those compounds wherein the
nitrogen (-N=C=X) may or may not be bonded to a carbon atom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 44 for a
noncellular polymer derived from a -N=C=X containing
reactant.
Subclass:
156
With three-membered heterocyclic reactant containing two
carbon atoms and a hetero atom (i.e., nitrogen or a chalcogen
atom):
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein a compound containing a - (X is nitrogen or a
chalcogen atom) group is reacted with a -N=C=X containing
material.
Subclass:
157
With a C XH or C X C, reactant wherein X is a chalcogen
atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein a compound containing a C XH or C X C, (X is a
chalcogen) group is reacted with a -N=C=X containing
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
172 for a cellular product which is the result of the
reaction between -N=C=X containing compound and a carboxylic
acid ester reactant.
Subclass:
158
With a Ketone, Aldehyde, or Aldehyde Derivative:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein a ketone, aldehyde, or aldehyde derivative is reacted
with a -N=C=X containing material.
(1) Note. See the Glossary of this class (521) for a
definition of the term "aldehyde" or "ketone"; and see Class
528, subclass 230 for an explanation of the term aldehyde
derivative.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
163 for a polyarylene polyamine as a reactant which
polyarylene polyamine has been prepared by the reaction of
formaldehyde and an aromatic amine.
Subclass:
159
N=C=X reactant having at least two C- - groups, e.g.,
prepolymers, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein the -N=C=X (X is chalcogen) reactant contains at
least two C-NH groups.
(1) Note. Patents for the most part herein concern the
after treatment of a prepolymer having a terminal -N=C=X
group.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
155 through 158 and 160 through 177, for products and
processes where a prepolymer is inherently prepared in an
ongoing polymerization reaction and is subsequently modified,
but where no intent has been made to recognize or identify
the prepolymer intermediate.
Subclass:
160
Two or more N=C=X reactants:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein two or more -N=C=X (X is a chalcogen)containing
materials are employed.
(1) Note. Excluded from this subclass are those
conventional commercial compositions which are mixtures of
toluene disocyanate (e.g., 2, 4 and 2, 6 TDi, 20/80 percent
and 35/65 percent, etc.). However, mixtures of stereo and
position isomers are included herein if proportions are
recited.
Subclass:
161
N=C=X reactant contains a heterocyclic ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein the -N=C=X reactant contains a heterocyclic ring.
(1) Note. See the Glossary in this class (521) for a
definition of the term "heterocyclic" ring.
Subclass:
162
N=C=X reactant contains atoms other than carbon and hydrogen
and other than nitrogen and chalcogen as part of the N=C=X
group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein the -N=C=X reactant contains atoms other than carbon
and hydrogen and atoms other than nitrogen or chalcogen as
part of the -N=C=X moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for-N=C=X reactants
containing atoms other than C, H, N, or chalcogen, and for
-N=C=X compounds wherein nitrogen or chalcogen are present
but are not part of the -N=C=X moiety.
Subclass:
163
With nitrogen containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein a nitrogen containing material is reacted with a
-N=C=X containing reactant.
Subclass:
164
Nitrogen reactant contains a C-XH group wherein X is a
chalcogen atom and wherein the C atom is not double bonded to
a chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Subject matter
wherein the nitrogen reactant contains a C-XH (X is a
chalcogen) group and wherein at least one carbon atom that
may be bound to a -XH group is not double bonded to a
chalcogen atom. Included herein are alcohols, etc.
Subclass:
165
Phosphorus containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Subject matter
wherein a phosphorus containing material is employed as a
reactant.
(1) Note. The phosphorus containing material may be in the
same compound as the nitrogen atom or may be in a separate
reactant.
Subclass:
166
Nitrogen reactant contains a nitrogen containing heterocyclic
ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Subject matter
wherein a heterocyclic compound containing a nitrogen atom as
a ring atom is employed as a reactant.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins and Rubbers, Glossary, for a definition
of the term "heterocyclic".
Subclass:
167
Nitrogen reactant contains a N-(C-C-O)- group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Subject matter
wherein the nitrogen reactant contains a N-(C-C-O- group.
(1) Note. A nitrogen compound which has been reacted with a
reactant containing a 1, 2 epoxy group is considered the
absence of disclosure to the contrary as containing a
N-(C-C-O)- group.
Subclass:
168
With phosphorus containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein a phosphorus containing material is reacted with a
-N=C=X reactant.
Subclass:
169
Phosphorus reactant contains a -O-(C-C-O)- group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Subject matter
whereinthe phosphorus reactant contains a-O-(C-C-O)- group.
(1) Note. A phosphorus compound which has been reacted with
a reactant containing a 1, 2 epoxy group is considered in the
absence of disclosure tothe contrary as containing
a-O-(C-C-O)- group.
Subclass:
170
With -XH reactant wherein X is a chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
wherein a -XH (X is a chalcogen containing material) is
reacted with a -N=C=X containing material.
(1) Note. For purposes of this subclass the -XH material
need not be bonded to a carbon atom.
(2) Note. This subclass includes but is not limited to
mercaptans, glycols, and carbonic acid as reactants.
Subclass:
171
-XH reactant contains a halogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
wherein the -XH (X is a chalcogen) reactant contains a
halogen atom.
Subclass:
172
-XH reactant contains a group, e.g., carboxylic acid ester,
etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
wherein XH reactant contains a (X is a chalcogen atom)
group.
Subclass:
173
With non containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Subject matter
wherein in addition to the -N=C=X and containing reactant
there is present a third reactant which is devoid of any
group.
Subclass:
174
-XH reactant contains a C-X-C group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
wherein the -XH reactant contains a -C-X-C group (X is a
chalcogen).
Subclass:
175
C-X-C reactant contains a carbohydrate group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter
wherein the -XH containing -C-X-C- reactant contains a
carbohydrate group.
Subclass:
176
With non -C-X-C- containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter
wherein at least one reactant which is other than a -N=C=X
containing reactant and is other than a reactant containing
both a -XH and a -C-X-C group is utilized.
Subclass:
177
C-X-C reactant contains a carbocyclic ring, e.g., aromatic,
etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter
wherein the -XH containing -C-X-C- reactant contains a
carbocyclic ring.
Subclass:
178
Cellular product derived from a reactant containing two or
more three-membered heterocyclic rings wherein two of the
ring members are carbon atoms and the remaining ring member
is a chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant containing two or more-- groups (X is a chalcogen)
or process of preparing composition containing a polymer
derived from a reactant containing two or more -- groups or
involving a polymerizable reactant containing two or more --
(X is a chalcogen) groups and which composition is capable of
forming a cellular product or processes of preparing same;
processes of treating a cellular polymer derived from a
reactant containing two or more -- groups (X is a chalcogen)
with a material which neither reacts with the cellular
polymer to change or modify chemical bonds therein or neither
forms a desired composition with the cellular polymer or
products of such a treatment; processes of treating a
cellular polymer derived from a reactant containing two or
more -- groups without the addition of a material thereto
whereby a physical or chemical change in the polymer may be
effected or products which are the result of such a
treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
operation.
Subclass:
179
With X containing reactant wherein X is a chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter
wherein the said three-membered heterocyclic material is
reacted with a X containing reactant and wherein X is a
chalcogen atom.
Subclass:
180
Cellular product derived from a phenol, phenol ether, or
inorganic phenolate reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant which is a phenol, phenol ether, or inorganic
phenolate or process of preparing; composition containing a
polymer derived from a phenol, phenol ether, or inorganic
phenolate or involving a polymerizable phenol, phenol ether
or inorganic phenolate and which composition is capable of
forming a cellular product or processes of preparing same;
processes of treating a cellular polymer derived from a
phenol, phenol ether, or inorganic phenolate with a material
which neither reacts with the cellular polymer to change or
modify chemical bonds therein or neither forms a desired
composition with the cellular polymer or products of such a
treatment; processes of treating a cellular polymer without
the addition of a material thereto whereby a physical or
chemical change in the polymer may be effected or products
which are the result of such a treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
process.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary, for a
definition of the terms "phenol", "phenol ether", or
"inorganic phenolate".
Subclass:
181
With reactant which is an aldehyde or aldehyde derivative:
This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Subject matter
wherein the phenol, phenol ether, or inorganic phenolate is
reacted with a aldehyde or derivative.
(1) Note. See Class 520, Glossary for a definition of the
term "aldehyde". An "aldehyde derivative" is as follows:
(1) A compound having a -X-CH[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]-OH
group wherein X is other than carbon or hydrogen (e.g.
para-formaldehyde, methylol derivatives of urea, etc.).
(2) A heterocyclic compound having only carbon and oxygen as
ring members in an alternating manner and in equal amount,
i.e., e.g., trioxane.
(3) Hexamethylenetetramine (CH[subscrpt]2[end
subscrpt])[subscrpt]6[end subscrpt]N[subscrpt]4[end
subscrpt], known also as methenamine, hexamine, formine,
[figure]
amino form, hexamethyleneamine and urotropin, and its
derivatives.
A derivative for purposes of this subclass requires the basic
ring structure of hexamethylenetetramine but wherein the
hydrogen atoms may have been replaced by other atoms.
(2) Note. Compounds having a -CH[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]OH
group bonded to atoms other than C, H or oxygen are regarded
as being two compounds; for instance, a methylol derivative
of melamine is regarded as a mixture of melamine and
formaldehyde and methylol urea is regarded as being a mixture
of urea and formaldehyde.
(3) Note. A unspecified novolak or resole is proper for
this area in that it is a mixture of a phenol and an
aldehyde. If a novolak or resole of specified structure is
claimed as a reactant, then classification is proper based on
the structure of the specific reactant.
Subclass:
182
Cellular product derived from a -C X containing
reacting wherein x is a chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant containing a-C X group (X is a chalcogen) or
processes of preparing; composition containing a polymer
derived from a -C X (X is a chalcogen) reactant or
involving a polymerizable reactant and which composition is
capable of forming a cellular product or processes of
preparing same; processes of treating a cellular polymer
derived from a -CX (X is a chalcogen) reactant with a
material which neither reacts with the cellular polymer to
change or modify chemical bonds therein or neither forms a
desired composition with the cellular polymer, or products of
such a treatment; processes of treating a cellular polymer
without the addition of a material whereby a physical or
chemical change in the polymer may be effected or products
which are the result of such a treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
operation.
Subclass:
183
Nitrogen containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Subject matter
wherein at least one reactant contains a nitrogen atom.
(1) Note. The nitrogen atom may be part of the C X
reactant or may be part of an additional co-reactant.
Subclass:
184
Nitrogen reactant contains at least two amino nitrogen
atoms:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Subject matter
wherein at least one reactant contains two or more amine
groups.
(1) Note. An amine proper for this subclass requires (a) at
least two distinct nitrogen atoms bonded to at least two
distinct carbon atoms, or (b) the presence of at least two
nitrogen atoms bonded to the same carbon atom. Each nitrogen
atom single or double-bonded in the manner set forth above
and consistent with the (1) Note above is an amine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary, for a
definition of the term "amine".
Subclass:
185
Carbocyclic -C X containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Subject matter
wherein the -C X containing reactant is part of a
compound which contains a carbocyclic ring.
Subclass:
186
Cellular product derived from reactant - which is an aldehyde
derivative:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
aldehyde or derivative as a reactant or processes of
preparing; composition containing a polymer derived from an
aldehyde or derivative as a reactant or involving a
polymerizable aldehyde or derivative and which composition is
capable of forming a cellular product or processes of
preparing; processes of treating a cellular polymer derived
from an aldehyde or derivative with a material which neither
reacts with the cellular polymer to change or modify chemical
bonds therein or neither forms a desired composition with the
cellular polymer or products of such a treatment; processes
of treating a cellular polymer without the addition of a
material whereby a physical or chemical change in the polymer
may be effected or products which are the result of such a
treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for processes of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith, or for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, the Glossary, for a
definition of the term "aldehyde".
528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 230 for a
definition of the term "aldehyde derivative".
Subclass:
187
Nitrogen containing reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter
wherein at least one reactant contains a nitrogen atom.
(1) Note. The nitrogen atom may be part of the aldehyde or
derivative or may be part of an additional coreactant.
Hexamethylenetetramine although an aldehyde derivative is
excluded from this subclass as being a nitrogen containing
reactant.
Subclass:
188
Nitrogen reactant contains a -NN group wherein X is a
chalcogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Subject matter
wherein the nitrogen reactant contains a -N N moiety wherein
X is a chalcogen atom.
Subclass:
189
Cellular product derived from reactant containing a carbon to
chalcogen bond:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
involving a cellular polymer derived from at least one
reactant having chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulphur, selenium,
or tellurium) bonded directly to carbon or processes of
preparing a composition containing a polymer derived from
such a reactant or involving a polymerizable reactant having
chalcogen bonded directly to carbon and which composition is
capable of forming a cellular product or process of preparing
same; processes of treating a cellular polymer derived from
such a reactant with a material which neither reacts with the
cellular polymer to change or modify chemical bonds therein
nor forms a desired composition with the cellular polymer or
products thereof; processes of treating a cellular polymer
without the addition of a material whereby a physical or
chemical change in the polymer may be effected or products
which are the result of such a treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for process of treating a cellular polymer with a
material so as to modify or change chemical bonds in the
cellular polymer or wherein a material is added to a cellular
polymer to form a desired composition therewith; of for
cellular products which are the result of such a treating
operation.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The following subclasses are collections of published
disclosures pertaining to various aspects of art relating to
cellular polymers which do not form an appropriate base for
subclass classification in the classification schedule.
(1) Note. Disclosures have been placed for value as a
search aid and in no instance do they represent the entire
extent of the prior art.
Subclass:
901
CELLULAR POLYMER CONTAINING A CARBODIIMIDE STRUCTURE:
Subject matter involving cellular products containing the
carbodiimide structure, i.e., -N-C=N-.
Subclass:
902
CELLULAR POLYMER CONTAINING AN ISOCYANURATE STRUCTURE:
Subject matter involving cellular products containing the
isocyanurate structure, i.e.,
Subclass:
903
CELLULAR POLYMER HAVING REDUCED SMOKE OR GAS GENERATION:
Subject matter involving cellular products which are designed
to have reduced smoke or gas generation upon burning.
Subclass:
904
POLYURETHANE CELLULAR PRODUCT HAVING HIGH RESILIENCY OR COLD
CURE PROPERTY:
Subject matter involving cellular polyurethane products
having high resiliency or cold cure property.
Subclass:
905
HYDROPHILIC OR HYDROPHOBIC CELLULAR PRODUCT:
Subject matter involving a cellular polymer which has a
specific affinity for or aversion to water, i.e., possessing
hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties.
Subclass:
906
POLYURETHANE CELLULAR PRODUCT CONTAINING UNREACTED
FLAME-RETARDANT MATERIAL:
Subject matter involving a cellular polyurethane polymer
having incorporated therein a nonreactive material which
enhances the ability of the polyurethane to withstand
combustion or the effects of fire.
Subclass:
907
NONURETHANE FLAMEPROOFED CELLULAR PRODUCT:
Subject matter involving a nonpolyurethane cellular product
having specific flameproof properties.
Subclass:
908
NUCLEATING AGENT FOR CELLULAR PRODUCT:
Subject matter involving specified nucleating agents utilized
in preparing cellular products.
Subclass:
909
BLOWING-AGENT MODERATOR, E.G., KICKERS, ETC.:
Subject matter involving an agent which is not generally by
itself a blowing agent and which retards, modifies,
accelerates, or in other manner affects the blowing
characteristics of utilized blowing agent.
Subclass:
910
PLURAL BLOWING AGENTS FOR PRODUCING NONPOLYURETHANE CELLULAR
PRODUCTS:
Subject matter involving preparing a nonpolyurethane cellular
product by utilizing two or more distinct blowing agents
either together or at different times.
Subclass:
911
SURFACANT FOR OTHER THAN POLYURETHANE CELLULAR PRODUCT:
Subject matter involving specified surfactants utilized in
preparing nonpolyurethane cellular products.
Subclass:
912
SEPARATED REACTIVE MATERIALS UTILIZED IN PREPARING CELLULAR
PRODUCT:
Subject matter involving utilizing two or more reactive
materials which are generally separated from each other by
some barrier layer.
Subclass:
913
CELL FORMING IN ABSENCE OF EXTERNAL HEAT:
Subject matter involving a cell forming process wherein the
cells are generated in the absence of externally applied
heat.
Subclass:
914
POLYURETHANE CELLULAR PRODUCT FORMED FROM A POLYOL WHICH HAS
BEEN DERIVED FROM AT LEAST TWO 1, 2 EPOXIDES AS REACTANTS:
Subject matter involving polyurethane cellular products
derived from at least one polyether polyol which polyether
polyol has been prepared from at least two 1, 2 alkylene
oxides.
Subclass:
915
UTILIZING ELECTRICAL OR WAVE ENERGY DURING CELL FORMING
PROCESS:
Subject matter involving preparing a cellular product under
the influence of electrical or wave energy.
Subclass:
916
CELLULAR PRODUCT HAVING ENHANCED DEGRADABILITY:
Subject matter involving a cellular product which has been
formulated or prepared with the intent that said cellular
product will be easily degraded for ecological or for any
other purpose.
Subclass:
917
SPECIALIZED MIXING APPARATUS UTILIZED IN FORMING PROCESS:
Subject matter involving mixing apparatus specialized or
uniquely adapted to forming cellular products.
Subclass:
918
PHYSICAL AFTER-TREATMENT OF A CELLULAR PRODUCT:
Subject matter involving physically treating a cellular
product.
Subclass:
919
SINTERED PRODUCT:
Subject matter involving a product having voids therebetween
and which products are usually formed by agglomerating or
uniting particles together.
Subclass:
920
CELLULAR PRODUCT CONTAINING A DYE OR PIGMENT:
Subject matter involving a cellular product having
incorporated therein a dye or a pigment.
Subclass:
921
PREPARING A NONPOLYURETHANE CELLULAR PARTICLE FROM A
NONPARTICULATE MATERIAL:
Subject matter involving processes of preparing a particulate
nonpolyurethane cellular product from a nonparticulate,
noncellular material.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000