U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Electronic Products Branch)
Class 455
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Class Definition:
This is the generic class for modulated carrier wave
communications not elsewhere classifiable.
Some art areas excluded from this class are: Alternating or
pulsating current telegraphy; Antennas; Broadcast or
multiplex stereo; Condition responsive indicating systems
with a radio coupling link; Directive carrier wave systems;
Multiplex carrier wave communications; Paging via modulated
carrier wave; Pulse or digital communications which may be
modulated onto a carrier wave; Reflected carrier wave systems
(e.g., radar); Selective (e.g., remote control);
Telemarketing; Television; Facsimile. (See References to
Other Classes, below, for class references.)
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
The combination of the subject matter of this class (455) and
other art environment is generally classified with the other
art environment where that environment is significant by
virtue of the claimed relationship. For example: Directive
systems; Geophysical systems; Radar systems; Radio remote
control systems; Telegraph systems; Telemetering systems;
Television systems; Facsimile systems (See References to
Other Classes, below)
Subcombinations specific to a modulated carrier wave
communication system are classified herein unless classified
elsewhere. For example: Demodulation and detector,
oscillators, per se, Modulators, per se, and tuners, per se,
are classified elsewhere. (See References to Other Classes,
below. )
(1) Note. The classification lines between this class (455)
and the related subcombinations classes are found in the
class definitions of these subcombination classes.
ORGANIZATION OF THIS CLASS:
Subclasses 1-355 of this class (455) are limited to radio
wave communication systems in which the carrier wave is
modulated by a continuous (analog) signals. These subclasses
exclude:
(1) Remote control of an external device which is classified
in Class 340, subclasses 825+.
(2) Multiplexing of signals which represent intelligence; see
Class 370.
(3) Pulse or digital signals which represent intelligence;
see Class 359, subclasses 109+; and Class 375.
(1) Note. The above subclasses may include pulse signals
which are used to control a transmitter or receiver; however,
where the information content is represented by a pulse or
digital signal, classification is in Class 375. Subclass 620
is miscellaneous analog or pulse modulation carrier wave
communication not elsewhere classified, for example,
modulated protons, muons, or neutrino particles utilized for
communication of information.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, for geometrical type measuring
instruments that may employ carrier wave telemetering links.
73, Measuring and Testing, which class may include carrier
wave telemetric links.
178, Telegraphy, 66.1 for alternating or pulsating current
telegraphy. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This
Class, Art Areas Excluded From This Class.)
178, Telegraphy, for telegraph systems. (See Lines With
Other Classes and Within This Class, Combination of The
Subject Matter of This Class (455) and Other Art
Environment.)
178, Telegraphy, provides in 2 for various telegraph systems
comprising means for transmitting mark and space or coded
telegraph messages between stations and including a plurality
of telegraph instruments, such as transmitting and receiving
instruments in circuit, and indented subclass 49 for
superimposed current systems.
246, Railway Switches and Signals, appropriate subclasses for
carrier wave railway signalling systems, particularly 2 for
train dispatching systems; indented subclasses 7+ providing
for telegraphy or telephony; subclasses 20+ for block-signal
systems; and subclasses 167+ for cab signal or train control
systems.
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), appropriate subclasses for integrated
circuit structure, bipolar, and field effect transistors (or
combinations thereof), light emitting injection diodes, and
other light emitting devices, etc.
330, Amplifiers, for demodulation and detector, per se.
331, Oscillators, for oscillators, per se.
332, Modulators, for modulators, per se.
334, Tuners, for tuners, per se.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 539 for condition
responsive indicating systems with a radio coupling link;
subclasses 311.1 and 825.44+ for paging via modulated carrier
wave; subclasses 825+ for means for controlling the
operations of a signalling device or devices in a selective
manner over a lesser number of communication lines than the
number of different results which can be obtained by
signalling over said lines and which may contain transmission
and receiving means in circuit (radio remote control
systems), especially subclasses 825.69; subclasses 870.01+
for telemetering systems in which the received signal is at
any instant proportional to a condition at the transmitter.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Ssytems and
Devices (E.G., Radar, Radio Navigation), 350 for directive
carrier wave systems.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for reflected
carrier wave systems (e.g., radar); subclasses 100+ for
directive radio wave systems; subclasses 700+ for antennas.
348, Television, for television systems.
358, Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing, for
facsimile systems.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
109 for optical communication.
367, Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave System and
Devices, for geophysical systems, for signalling by means of
mechanical or compressional waves, such as sound or
supersonic waves. See 87 for echo systems; and subclasses
131+ for underwater systems.
370, Multiplex Communications, for multiplex communication
systems which may include modulated carrier wave systems.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, is the generic class
for pulses modulated onto a nonlight wave carrier; see 222,
259+, 301, 303, 321, 322+, and 338+.
379, Telephonic Communications, for a two-way electrical
transmission of intelligible audio information over an
electrical conductor.
380, Cryptography, subclasses 255-276 for a communication
system using cryptography.
381, Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices,
1 for broadcast or multiplex stereo.
399, Electrophotography, subclass 8 for remote monitoring of
an electrophotos:graphic device.
463, Amusement Devices: Games, 1, especially subclasses 39
and 40+, for a nonprojectile game with telecommunication
means.
505, Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material, Process,
150 for high temperature (T[subscrpt]c[end subscrpt] 30 K)
superconducting devices, particularly subclasses 202+ for
electrical communication systems.
709, Electrical Computers and Digital Data Processing
Systems: Multiple Computer or Process Coordinating, 200 for
data transferring among a plurality of spatially distributed
computers or digital data processing systems.
714, Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
appropriate subclasses for generic error checking.
GLOSSARY:
MODULATED CARRIER WAVE
A wave resulting when the necessary characteristics of an
intelligence or information signal are impressed on a carrier
wave.
RADIOTELEPHONE SYSTEM
A system for establishing a voice communication link between
a base and a mobile transceiver via a wireless carrier wave
channel that is allocated for use during a communication
link, and wherein the mobile transceiver has a specific
assigned call address number.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
All types of communications systems in which electric or
electromagnetic signals are used to transmit modulated
carrier wave information between points. The transmission
media is via radio wave generally of a frequency above human
speech, yet at a frequency lower than infrared frequencies.
Radiotelephonic communication via wireless link is included
in this class.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
INTERFERENCE SIGNAL TRANSMISSION (E.G., JAMMING):
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter including means to transmit an interference
signal to interfere with a selected signal so as to prevent
the intelligible reception of the selected signal.
(1) Note. The combination of an interference transmitter
with a receiver to select the frequency of the incoming
signal it is desired to jam or block, and control means to
tune the transmitter to said frequency, is classified in this
subclass when the receiver serves solely to determine the
frequency of the incoming signal and to control the
transmitter. If the receiver portion of the combination is
complete (reproduces the intelligence received) the
combination is a transceiver and is classified in this class
(455), subclasses 73+.
(2) Note. Antijamming devices or methods are not classified
here, but are found in subclasses 296+.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 18 for
jamming or radar transmissions.
380, Cryptography, subclasses 252-254 for concealment of
information by masking of an information bearing signal.
Subclass:
2
AUDIENCE SURVEY OR PROGRAM DISTRIBUTION USE ACCOUNTING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter including means for indicating, metering, or
recording the number of receivers using a program, the length
of time that a program is being used, or which of several
programs is being used.
(1) Note. This subclass is provided for generic devices of
this type. Use survey and accounting systems which are
designed for a specific type of signal such as television
(Class 348) are not classified here but in the class
appropriate thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3.1 for program distribution systems.
26 for systems to prevent unauthorized use of a signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, 1 for use survey and accounting systems
specific to television and subclasses 13+ for interactive
television which may include an audience survey.
380, Cryptography, appropriate subclasses for a
cryptos:graphic system to prevent unauthorized use of a
signal.
Subclass:
3.1
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (E.G., PLURAL CABLES, ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter including an organized arrangement of
transmission links, of either cable or radiant energy type,
for connecting a plurality of discrete subscribers to a
source of information signals.
(1) Note. This subclass and its indents are intended to
collect devices, such as community antennas, national
networks, and hotel cable systems.
(2) Note. Distribution systems which are designed for a
specific type of signal such as television and digital are
not classified here, but rather in the appropriate class
thereto.
(3) Note. Police, fire, and other radiotelephone systems
which may include some elements of a distribution system are
classified elsewhere. See the search notes below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132 for plural receivers.
149 for a plural output receiver.
272 for plural separate wave collectors combined with a
receiver.
500 for plural transmitters or receivers at separated
stations, e.g., police, fire, and other radiotelephone
systems which may include some elements of a distribution
system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 11
and 43+ for like systems without limitation of radiant energy
path or analog carrier wave.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, 39 for
like systems with discharge devices.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 365 for miscellaneous gating
systems.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 1 for plural
channel systems.
340, Communications: Electrical, 825 for selective systems
with distribution characteristics.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 850 for antenna,
per se, with coupling network.
348, Television, 6 for wired broadcasting and distribution.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, for distribution
systems designed for a specific type of digital signal.
Subclass:
3.2
Receiver for satellite broadcast:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1. Subject matter
including a dish antenna for receiving satellite
transmissions.
Subclass:
3.3
Combined with power distribution network:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1. Subject matter
wherein a carrier wave signal is transmitted over an electric
power distribution line.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 310.01 for generic systems
combined with signalling over power line.
Subclass:
4.1
Remote control of distribution:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1. Subject matter
wherein some functions of a modulated carrier wave source or
receiver are supervised or controlled from a remote site.
(1) Note. Because of a search note in subclass 5.1, only
disclosures of more than mere control in the second
directions should be cross-referenced thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for repeater system with failure compensation.
26.1 for unauthorized use prevention systems.
31.1 for systems with additional selectively responsive
means.
68 for control of communication system.
88 for transceiver controlling a separate transceiver or
receiver.
92 for remote control of a transmitter.
132 for plural receivers of which one controls another.
352 for remote control of a receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.69 and 825.72
for remote control over a radio link.
380, Cryptography, appropriate subclasses for a
cryptos:graphic system to prevent unauthorized use of a
signal.
Subclass:
4.2
With subscriber selection or switching:
This subclass is indented under subclass 4.1. Subject matter
including means for selectively connecting a subscriber line
to a distribution system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825 for generic selective
systems.
Subclass:
5.1
Two-way:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1. Subject matter
including means for establishing communication in both
directions.
(1) Note. Wherein the second communication is the notation
or reporting of the program watched or listened to,
classification is in audience survey and use accounting.
(2) Note. Wherein any communication in a system is in pulse
form, such system is classified elsewhere. See the search
notes below.
(3) Note. Wherein any communication in a system is in the
form of light waves, such system is classified elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for audience survey and use accounting.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 310.01 for carrier current
or other combined systems without the limitations of this
class.
359, Optics: Systems, 109 for an information signal
transmitted between an optical transmitter and optical
receiver by means of variation in a characteristic of light
waves.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, for communication in a
system in pulse form.
Subclass:
6.1
Common antenna or cable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1. Subject matter
wherein a plurality of receiver sites are connected to a
single source of signals, such as an antenna or cable.
(1) Note. A plurality of antennas may be coupled to a
common point or cable.
Subclass:
6.2
With specific cable converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 6.1. Subject matter
having specific means to translate a source frequency from an
antenna or cable to a different frequency operated by a
specific receiver.
Subclass:
6.3
Combined with diverse art device (e.g., audio/sound or
entertainment system):
This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1. Subject matter
wherein the distribution system is combined with another art
device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.24 for
selective program control of audio system and subclass 825.25
for selective of audio system by pulse signal.
381, Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices,
2 for stereo broadcasting and subclasses 77+ for One Way
Audio Signal Program Distribution.
Subclass:
7
CARRIER WAVE REPEATER OR REPLAY SYSTEM (I.E., RETRANSMISSION
OF SAME INFORMATION):
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter comprising means whereby a radiant energy
signal wave is received and reradiated at the same or
different carrier frequency and usually at a higher energy
level and/or in a desired direction.
(1) Note. Where the transmitted signal has a different
characteristic than the received signal or involves the
addition or subtraction of information classification is not
in this subclass, but in Class 343 (see notes under subclass
6.5 in the class definition of Class 343). However, if the
transmitted signal is on a different carrier frequency from
the received signal merely to avoid interference
classification is in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, 70 for repeaters specific to telegraphy.
330, Amplifiers, for amplifiers systems in general,
particularly subclass 10 for modulator-demodulator type
amplifiers for amplifying direct current or slowly varying
alternating current signals.
332, Modulators, particularly 183 for modulation converters
for converting one modulated wave to a differently modulated
wave (e.g., pulse modulation to frequency modulation or
frequency modulation to amplitude modulation); subclass 108
for plural stage modulation systems wherein each stage is of
the same or diverse type of modulation, the last stage being
of the pulse modulation type; subclasses 119+ or 145, for
plural stage modulation systems wherein the last stage is of
the phase or frequency modulation type; and subclasses 151+
for plural stage modulation systems wherein the last stage is
of the amplitude modulation type.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 117 for
hybrid-type networks.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 291 for signal
box repeaters which repeat, for example, signals received at
a central station to a plurality of fire houses.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for systems and
apparatus which include a receiver-transmitter station
designed for control by a wave transmitted from a first
transmission station and designed to transmit a signal which
is different from the received signal, i.e., adds additional
information, the system including means to receive the signal
transmitted by the receiver transmitter station. Where the
signal which is transmitted by the receiver-transmitter is of
the same character as the received signal, even though a
time-delay is interposed between the time of reception and
the time of transmission, the patent is classified in this
subclass.
370, Multiplex Communications, subclass 274, 279, 293, 315+,
and 492+ for repeaters using multiplex frequency channels.
Subclass:
8
Failure compensation (e.g., spare channel):
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including apparatus for compensating for failure in operation
of a repeater station.
Subclass:
9
Monitoring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including means for measuring or testing the operating
condition at a repeater station.
Subclass:
10
Fading compensation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
where the measured quantity is the strength of the received
signal and variations in said received signal strength are
compensated for.
Subclass:
11.1
Portable or mobile repeater:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
wherein a receiving or transmitting station is not
permanently mounted in one location, but is either carried by
a person or associated with a movable object, such as a
vehicle (i.e., mobile repeater station).
Subclass:
12.1
Space satellite:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11.1. Subject
matter wherein the repeater or relay is associated with an
artificial satellite orbiting the earth.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 352 which include a
satellite.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, digest 2 for
satellite mounted antenna.
370, Multiplex Communications, 316 for a space satellite
repeater using communication techniques.
Subclass:
13.1
With plural repeater or relay systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1. Subject
matter having more than one modulated carrier wave and having
a repeater or a relay for each modulated carrier wave.
(1) Note. The subject matter of this subclass is limited to
plural single channel repeaters; whenever plural independent
messages are simultaneously transmitted, classification is
elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, for plural independent
messages are simultaneously transmitted,
Subclass:
13.2
Synchronizing of satellites or system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1. Subject
matter wherein stations in a system are regulated such that
each transmits a carrier wave of the same frequency and phase
as those carriers transmitted by the other stations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, subclass 324 for time
division multiple access synchronization of space
satellites.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 354 for digital
network synchronization.
Subclass:
13.3
With antennas feed network or multiple antennas switching:
This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1. Subject
matter wherein the space satellite has more than one antenna
or has a regulation means to control the selection of an
antenna.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 705 for antennas
with aircraft.
Subclass:
13.4
Power control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1. Subject
matter including means to regulate the output power in the
satellite system.
Subclass:
14
With transmission line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
where the repeater or relay is inserted in a waveguide or
other type of transmission line.
Subclass:
15
Two separate way transmission:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
where the relay or repeater operates in at least two
directions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, 71.1 for automatic two-way repeaters
specific to telegraphy.
370, Multiplex Communications, 276 for duplex
communications.
Subclass:
16
Simultaneous using plural repeaters at each location:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
where the repeater operates in at least two directions at the
same time by means of a plurality of repeaters at the same
location.
Subclass:
17
Plural modulated carriers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
wherein there is more than one modulated carrier wave being
repeated or relayed at the same time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 204 for plural diverse
modulation techniques.
Subclass:
18
With delay or recording:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including a device to time delay or make a permanent record
of the modulated carrier wave.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 261 for miscellaneous output waveform
production delay.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclasses 138-164
for passive delay networks.
Subclass:
19
Common antenna:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
where the modulated carrier wave is received and transmitted
on the same antenna.
Subclass:
20
With frequency conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including apparatus to change the frequency of the modulated
carrier wave.
(1) Note. For classification in this subclass it is not
necessary that the carrier frequency of the transmitted
signal be different from the carrier frequency of the
received signal. For example, the frequency of the received
carrier wave may be converted to a lower frequency for
purposes of amplification and then be reconverted to the
original frequency for transmission.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 113 for miscellaneous frequency
control or conversion.
331, Oscillators, 37 for means to produce a beat frequency
by combining the output of two or more oscillators.
332, Modulators, appropriate subclasses for frequency
conversion modulation systems, per se.
Subclass:
21
With demodulator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Subject matter
including apparatus for removing the intelligence from the
received signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, for demodulators, per se.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 10 for direct current or low
frequency alternating current amplifiers of the
modulator-demodulator type.
Subclass:
22
Plural conversion stages:
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Subject matter
including more than one successive conversion stage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, especially subclass 108, 119+, 145, and 151+
for plural modulation stage modulators.
Subclass:
23
Frequency or phase modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
where the carrier wave is modulated by varying its frequency
or phase in accordance with the information signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, 315 for frequency demodulators and
subclasses 345+ for phase demodulators.
332, Modulators, 183 for modulation converters (e.g., FM. to
A.M.); and subclasses 144+ and 117+ for phase or frequency
modulators, per se.
Subclass:
24
Transmitter-receiver feedback compensation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including apparatus to prevent unwanted feedback between the
transmitter and the receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78 for a transceiver with transmitter-receiver interaction
prevention.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 593 for miscellaneous
oscillation prevention.
330, Amplifiers, 75 for amplifiers with feedback means
including negative feedback for preventing oscillation.
370, Multiplex Communications, subclass 278 and 282+ for
transmit/receive interaction control in duplex
communications.
Subclass:
25
Directive antenna:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including an antenna which is more responsive in one
direction than in another.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 18 for
structure for reflecting radio waves; subclasses 100+ for
means for sending and/or receiving radio wave energy which is
characterized by some quality that varies according to the
relative direction, position and/or plane or polarization of
the sender and receiver; and subclasses 700+ for antennas,
per se, including directional antennas and antennas combined
with reflecting and/or refracting means.
Subclass:
26.1
USE OR ACCESS BLOCKING (E.G., LOCKING SWITCH):
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter which blocks access to a signal source or
otherwise limits usage of modulated carrier equipment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
194, Check-Actuated Control Mechanisms, appropriate
subclasses for a coin controlled device of general utility.
380, Cryptography, appropriate subclasses for signal
scrambling and subclasses 252-254 for encryption by signal
masking.
Subclass:
31.1
SYSTEM WITH RECEIVER SELECTION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein an operator at a transmitter may
selectively communicate with a selected one of a plurality of
receivers or wherein an operator at the transmitter and/or
any one of the receivers may signal any one or all of the
remainder of the transmitters and/or receivers that a given
condition of the system exists.
(1) Note. As an example, the operator at a first
transmitter may signal any or all receivers to which he
wishes to transmit a message on the frequency to which
receiver or receivers is/are tuned.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825 for selective
signalling systems in general and subclass 539 for electrical
signalling systems which are automatically responsive to a
condition and which utilize a radio link.
379, Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses for
telephone systems with dialing, ringing, or other alerting
means.
Subclass:
31.2
Control of selectively responsive paging arrangement over
telephone line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.1. Subject
matter in which a telephone equipment is used to transmit a
signal to operate an equipment of choice or to produce a
notification signal over an electromagnetic link (e.g.,
wireless link).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825.44 for a selective
paging arrangement not controlled over telephone equipment.
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 170 and 217 for an
audible paging device using a private telephone equipment.
Subclass:
31.3
Two-way paging system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.2. Subject
matter wherein a signal is received back responsive to the
transmitted signal.
(1) Note. Two-way voice communication is not classified
herein.
Subclass:
32.1
Receiver scans for address signal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.1. Subject
matter wherein a transmitter transmits an address signal
which uniquely identifies a particular receiver or group of
receivers and wherein the receiver scans a plurality of
different frequencies until its own address signal is
detected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161.1 for frequency scanning receiver.
Subclass:
35.1
Tone coded squelch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.1. Subject
matter having device whereby the operating condition of the
audio section of a remote receiver is controlled from a
distance by means of tone which is sent over an intervening
wired or a radio modulated carrier wave circuit.
Subclass:
36.1
Plural tones:
This subclass is indented under subclass 35.1. Subject
matter wherein more than two audio tones are transmitted to
control the audio section operating condition.
Subclass:
37.1
Difference frequency:
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Subject
matter wherein the distinction in frequency between two
transmitted audio tones is used.
Subclass:
38.1
Coded sequence:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.1. Subject
matter wherein a series of encoded pulses is used, for
example, to identify a device or an information signal.
Subclass:
38.2
With actuation (e.g., turn on/off or alarm indication,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 38.1. Subject
matter wherein an operating condition of a device at a remote
receiver is actuated from a distance in response to a
sequence of encoded pulses which is sent over an intervening
wired or a radio modulated carrier wave circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.69 for generic
pulse responsive actuation over radio link.
Subclass:
38.3
Power control or battery saving:
This subclass is indented under subclass 38.2. Subject
matter wherein a power supply at a remote station is turned
on or off upon receiving the encoded pulses.
Subclass:
38.4
Visual indication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 38.2. Subject
matter including a device to generate signals perceptible by
the human eye in response to a sequence of encoded pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 815.4 for generic systems
with visual indicator.
Subclass:
38.5
Tone sequence:
This subclass is indented under subclass 38.2. Subject
matter including a series of encoded pulses of audio
frequencies
Subclass:
39
TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER AT SEPARATE STATIONS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter including at least one transmitting device
which converts analog information signals (e.g., audio) into
modulated carrier wave signals, a carrier wave transmission
medium, and at least one receiving device whereby the
information or modulating signal transmitted will be derived
from the received modulated carrier wave signals.
(1) Note. A system, in order to be classified in this
subclass and its indents must include a means whereby the
information transmitted is transmitted by means of a
sinusoidal electromagnetic carrier wave. Systems wherein the
intelligence to be conveyed is transmitted by dot and dash
(i.e., presence or absence of a unidirectional or direct
current wave) are found elsewhere. Systems wherein the
intelligence conveyed is pulse or digital information are
found elsewhere. Systems wherein the intelligence to be
conveyed by a varying current without a carrier wave are
found elsewhere. Systems which are properly classifiable, as
a result of some significantly claimed art limitations, in
another class will not be classified here.
(2) Note. The subject matter classifiable here will
generally comprise both the means for origination and
modulating a carrier wave according to the information,
desired to be transmitted, and a means for receiving the
modulated carrier wave and deriving the desired information.
However, where the claimed subject matter includes claims
reciting the specific details of a transmitter or receiver or
transceiver and broadly include another receiver,
transceiver, or transmitter of different type by name only,
the patent will be classified here and cross-reference down
to the appropriate subclass below which contains the
particular transmitter, transceiver, or receiver claimed.
(3) Note. The systems in this and the indented subclasses
comprises at least one transmitter and receiver device which
devices are located at an appreciable distance one from the
other. However, patents in which the claimed subject matter
includes transmitter-receiver means at a single station
(transceiver) are also to be found here providing sufficient
structure is recited whereby the transmitter-receiver means
cooperates with and influence or is influenced by a further
receiver or transmitter at a distance; providing, that the
claimed subject matter does not include a structure limiting
the system to use of radiant energy as defined in the
definition of Class 343 or to use in some other art class
device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7 for transmitter-receiver repeater systems.
73 for complete stations wherein the transmitter and
receiver are at the same point.
91 for transmitter, per se.
130 for receivers, per se.
600 for light wave communications.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, 2 for various telegraph systems which are
limited to the transmission and reception of telegraph
signals; subclasses 24+ for teleprinting systems; subclasses
45+ for loaded carrier wave transmission lines; and subclass
118 for miscellaneous telegraph receivers.
244, Aeronautics, particularly 175 for systems for
automatically controlling aircraft by means of electrical
apparatus which may utilize modulated carrier waves for
control.
246, Railway Switches and Signals, particularly 7 and 28+
for carrier wave systems employed in railway signalling.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 117 for switching systems controlled by radiant
energy; and subclass 129 for frequency responsive switching
space discharge device or lamp systems.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, 149 for
radiant energy controlled space discharge device or lamp
systems.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclass 16 for
electric motor systems where the motor is controlled or
supplied by space transmitted electromagnetic or
electrostatic energy (including radio energy).
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate
subclasses for systems for measuring or utilizing carrier
waves.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous circuits which may constitute elements of a
system such as those classifiable in this class.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate
subclasses for passive carrier wave transmission lines which
may include passive network elements, attenuators or
resonators which may have utility in the carrier wave systems
of this class.
340, Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses for
electrical signalling systems, especially 825.71 for
selective signalling systems, utilizing carrier waves;
subclasses 870.01+ for telemetering systems; subclass 539 for
systems automatically responsive to a condition and wherein
the signal is transmitted via radio levels; and subclass 286
for miscellaneous signalling systems consisting of
transmitters and receivers; subclass 347 for code converters
wherein a transmitter may receive its information in the form
of a first code and transmit the information in the form of a
dissimilar code; and subclasses 345+ for code transmitters.
346, Recorders, subclass 37 for systems wherein a recorder
is operated in response to the tuning of a radio receiver or
receivers, e.g., community radio listening survey.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, 6 for
combined radio and phonograph systems.
370, Multiplex Communications, for analog carrier wave
communication systems which have multiplexing.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, for systems conveying
or digital pulse information which may use modulated carrier
waves.
380, Cryptography, for cryptos:graphic communications.
411, Expanded Threaded, Driven Headed, Tool-Deformed or Lock
Threaded Fastener, 50 for code converters wherein a
transmitter may receive its information in the form of a
first code and transmit the information in the form of a
dissimilar code; and subclasses 20+ and 173+ for code
transmitters.
Subclass:
40
Earth or water medium:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
where the ground (or water) supplies the natural medium for
the transmission of the modulated carrier wave between the
transmitter and receiver.
(1) Note. The subject matter of this subclass has a
specific under ground (or underwater) structure at each
station.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 719 for
antenna systems buried underground or submerged underwater.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 218 for pulse
communication via an earth or water medium.
Subclass:
41
Near field (e.g., inductive or capacitive coupling):
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
which is near field or limited ranged systems (i.e., field
strength = k/d where d = distance from the transmitter to the
receiver) where signal transfer from the transmitter to the
receiver is inductive or capacitive rather than
electromagnetic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 for underwater systems that may be inductive or
capacitive.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclass 43 for inductive telegraphy.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 256 for near
field pulse or digital communication.
Subclass:
42
Frequency or phase modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
in which the intelligence or information to be transmitted is
applied to a sine wave carrier in such a manner that the
instantaneous frequency and/or phase angle of the sine wave
carrier is caused to depart from a reference value by an
amount proportional to the instantaneous amplitude of the
modulating (intelligence) signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23 for frequency or phase modulated repeater.
29 for secret systems with carrier wobbling.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 207 for telemetering
systems utilizing frequency or phase modulation.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 14 for
reflected wave systems utilizing pulse waves frequency or
phase modulated; subclass 17.5 for reflected wave systems in
general utilizing frequency or phase modulation; and
subclasses 100+ for directive systems restricted to radio
wave energy and utilizing frequency modulation.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
109 for optical communication.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclasses 130-153
for spread spectrum; and subclasses 223, 271, 302+, 329+, and
334+ for pulse communication by frequency or phase modulation
of a carrier wave.
380, Cryptography, particularly subclass 322 for carrier
wobbling by cryptos:graphic equipment.
Subclass:
43
With modification of frequencies of analog signal passed
(e.g., pre-emphasis or de-emphasis):
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Subject matter
where the information or modulating signal is predistorted
and/or preamplified prior to its modulation of the carrier
wave.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 123 for frequency modulators, per se, with
distortion introduction or control, e.g., pre-emphasis
networks.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 28 for passive
equalizing networks, per se.
Subclass:
44
With stated modulation index:
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Subject matter
in which the effective frequency excursion or deviation is
specified.
Subclass:
45
Via subcarrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Subject matter
where an intermediate frequency wave is modulated by a
modulating signal representative of an intelligence or
message and in turn is applied as a modulation signal to a
main carrier wave, either alone or in conjunction with other
subcarriers.
(1) Note. The frequency of the subcarrier is usually low
relative to that of the main carrier.
Subclass:
46
Suppressed carrier wave system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
where the carrier component of a modulated wave is suppressed
at the transmitter so that only the information bearing
sideband or sidebands are transmitted and received.
(1) Note. Double or single sideband, suppressed carrier
systems are found here.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
109 for suppressed carrier transmitter.
202 for suppressed carrier receivers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 167 for a suppressed carrier double
sideband type amplitude modulator, per se.
Subclass:
47
Single or vestigial sideband system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
where one sideband of the transmitted signal is largely or
entirely suppressed while the second sideband has little or
no suppression.
(1) Note. The carrier is not suppressed.
(2) Note. In this class, the term asymmetric sideband is
generic to single and vestigial sideband.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for systems where the carrier is suppressed.
109 for amplitude modulated transmitters.
203 for single sideband receivers.
204 for vestigial sideband receivers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 170 for a single or vestigial sideband type
amplitude modulator, per se.
348, Television, for vestigial sideband systems particular to
television.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 270 for
similar systems for transmitting pulse data.
Subclass:
48
Inverted sideband:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
where one of the sidebands is shifted by 180 degrees with
respect to its normal phase relationship with respect to the
other sideband.
Subclass:
59
Single message via plural carrier wave transmission:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
where a single message or intelligence is transmitted by
means of a plurality of carrier waves.
(1) Note. The subject matter to be found here will include
systems in which the whole intelligence signal is divided
into component parts, each of the components being modulated
upon a separate carrier wave or systems in which the whole
undivided intelligence signal is separately modulated upon
separate carrier waves.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13.1 and 17, for repeaters utilizing plural channels.
27 for secret systems using a plurality of carrier waves.
42 for plural channel angle modulation systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclass 32 for secret telegraph systems
which may employ a plurality of carrier waves or alternating
current waves.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 260 for pulse
modulated carrier wave systems using plural channels to
transmit a single pulse train.
380, Cryptography, particularly subclass 34 for a
cryptos:graphic system utilizing plural carrier frequencies.
Subclass:
60
Different phases of same frequency carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter
in which the message is modulated onto different phases
(e.g., different polarizations) of a carrier wave and each
phase is then separately transmitted.
Subclass:
61
Single message via plural modulation of single carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
including modulation of a single carrier wave by a plurality
of separate and distinct modulation signals each representing
a portion of the intelligence to be transmitted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 for repeaters with plural conversion stages.
28 for plural modulation of a single carrier wave for
secrecy.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 269 for pulse
modulated carrier wave systems with plural modulation of a
single carrier.
380, Cryptography, particularly 31 for a cryptos:graphic
system utilizing plural modulation of a single carrier wave.
Subclass:
62
Optimum frequency selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
in which a frequency of operation is selected with is optimum
with respect to a given criteria.
Subclass:
63
Distortion, noise, or other interference prevention,
reduction, or compensation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
with provision for reduction or elimination of distortion,
noise, interference, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for failure compensation in a repeater.
10 for fading compensation in repeaters.
78 for transceivers with transmitter receiver interaction
prevention.
119 for transmitters with carrier frequency stabilization.
134 and 135, for plural receivers with output selecting
according to signal strength or quality.
222 for noise controlled squelch in a receiver.
234.1 for automatic gain or volume control in a receiver.
255 for local oscillator frequency control in a receiver.
267 for tone control in a receiver.
268 for fidelity control in a receiver.
278.1 for receiver plural wave collector noise or
interference elimination.
283 for receiver wave collector interference or noise
elimination.
296 for receiver noise or interference elimination.
501 for similar subject matter in plural
transmitter/receiver systems.
Subclass:
64
Plasma source or barrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter
where the distortion and noise is caused by a plasma (e.g.,
space craft re-entry).
Subclass:
65
Anti-multipath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter
where there is prevention, reduction, or compensation for
distortion caused by the modulated carrier wave traveling
from the transmitter to the receiver by plural paths of
differing lengths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for fading compensation in a repeater.
504 for fading compensation in a plural transmitter or
receiver systems.
Subclass:
66
With diverse art device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
including, in addition to a system under the class
definition, other art devices or structures having an added
purpose or independent utility other than to perfect an
element of the system and in which the utility of the other
art device or structure is not destroyed or disturbed by its
removal from the system and which combination is not provided
for elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, 455 for changeable
exhibitors with sound in which the source of the sound may be
a radio receiver.
102, Ammunition and Explosive Devices, subclass 214 for
fuses utilizing radiant energy.
116, Signals and Indicators, 241 for position indicators for
radio apparatus.
178, Telegraphy, 118 for telegraph receivers which may be
combined with other art devices.
194, Check-Actuated Control Mechanisms, appropriate
subclasses for check controlled radio apparatus, e.g.,
combined with other art devices.
248, Supports, subclass 27.1 for means for supporting an
instrument in a panel.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 9.1
for vehicle mounted systems in which the vehicle may provide
power means for a radio telephone or other receiver means;
and subclass 156 for miscellaneous systems with particular
load device or load device combination.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 7.1 for radio
type cabinets.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 539 for a
condition responsive indicating system with a radio coupling
link.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 6 for
reflected wave (e.g., radar) systems combined with diverse
type radiant energy systems.
346, Recorders, subclass 25 for recorders combined with
other nonrecording devices; and subclass 37 for recorders
combined with a radio receiver and tuning responsive and for
the purpose of determining the listening habits of the users
of a receiver.
362, Illumination, for combined light and other art device
structure.
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, 10 for
clocks combined with other devices where the claimed
combination does not include characteristics of the device
not necessary to the function of the horological device.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, 6 for
combined radio and phonograph systems.
386, Television Signal Processing for Dynamic Recording or
Reproducing, 1 and 46+ for television combined with
recorders.
396, Photography, subclass 434 for a camera combined with a
radio.
446, Amusement Devices: Toys, 297 for a figure toy having a
sounder, wherein the figure may act as a receptacle for a
receiver.
Subclass:
67.1
With measuring, testing, or monitoring of system or part:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
which relates to means intended solely for the purpose of and
adapted to (a) adjust the frequency setting of a carrier wave
generation means or determine the output frequency or some
other characteristics of a transmitter means; (b) adjust the
frequency setting of a local oscillator, a tuning means or
other stages of a receiver means in accordance with a
standard frequency; (c) compare the frequency of a resonant
input or output circuit of a receiver or transmitter with a
standard frequency for the purpose of setting a tuning
position indicator or dial to correspond to maximum
transmitter or receiver output at the standard frequency; and
(d) determine the operating characteristics of the whole or
selected components of the system under prescribed conditions
of operation and not elsewhere classified.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 for repeaters with monitoring.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 224 for pulse
modulated carrier systems with testing.
Subclass:
67.2
Using a chamber (e.g. room testing or audio surveillance,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 67.1. Subject
matter wherein the measuring, testing, or monitoring is
conducted in a confined housing or in a relatively close
location.
(1) Note. For example, method or device for locating an
intermodular or interference source in a close proximity to a
desired transmitting source, or detecting the presence of a
hidden transmitter, e.g., eavesdropping device.
Subclass:
67.3
Noise, distortion or unwanted signal detection (e.g. quality
control, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 67.1. Subject
matter having means to detect any undesired electrical
disturbance within the useful frequency band arising from
sources internal or external to the system (e.g., crosstalk,
power induction, atmospheric noise, etc.); or any undesired
self-sustained oscillation existing in the system; or other
unwanted signals tending to interfere with the operation of
the system.
Subclass:
67.4
Using a test signal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67.1. Subject
matter wherein a signal of predetermined frequency (i.e.,
reference signal) is sent over the system for testing or
measuring purposes.
Subclass:
67.5
Of a microwave link or system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67.1. Subject
matter involves system using communication signals in the
range of microwave frequencies (i.e., approximately 1000 MHz
and above).
Subclass:
67.6
Phase measuring (e.g., group delay, propagation effect,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 67.1. Subject
matter including means to measure the change in phase of
travelling waves for developing a suitable control for
equalization, attenuation compensation, or synchronization.
Subclass:
67.7
With indication (e.g., visual or voice signalling, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 67.1. Subject
matter having means for making a condition pertaining to the
testing or measuring of the system perceptible to a human
operator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 539 for generic
condition indicating system over radio link.
Subclass:
68
With control signal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
wherein the communication apparatus includes an intelligence
signal transmitted from a transmitter to a receiver over
distances large compared with their dimensions and where one
of either the transmitter or receiver includes controlling
means which causes some modification of the operation of the
other.
Subclass:
69
Transmitter controlled by signal feedback from receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter
wherein the controlling means is located at the receiver and
modifies the operation of the transmitter in response
thereto.
Subclass:
70
Receiver control signal originates at message transmitter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter
wherein the controlling means is located at the transmitter
and modifies the operation of the receiver in response to
said controlling means.
(1) Note. The controlling means may send a reference or
controlling modulation component on the carrier wave.
However, such component must be distinct from the message, as
receivers responsive to the inherent characteristics of the
message signal are excluded from this subclass.
Subclass:
71
Frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Subject matter
where the frequency to which the receiver is tuned is
controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151.1 for remote control of channel or station selection in
a receiver.
Subclass:
72
For compression and expansion of message signal (i.e.,
companding):
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Subject matter
wherein the range of variation of the modulating parameter is
decreased at the transmitter and expanded in the
complementary manner in the receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 14 for
companding systems, per se.
Subclass:
73
TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER AT SAME STATION (E.G.,
TRANSCEIVER):
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter having both a signal transmitter and a signal
receiver at a common geos:graphic location for transmission
and reception of separate signals.
(1) Note. The transmitter and receiver at a common location
are hereafter termed "a station" in these definitions.
(2) Note. The simultaneous separation of a transmitter and
receiver is a duplex operation and is classified in Class
370, Multiplex Communications, subclasses 276+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for an interference signal transmitter, which may include
a receiver at the same station.
606 for a complete light wave communication station.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 276 for duplex systems, see
(2) Note above.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 219 for
similar devices which handle pulse and digital signals.
Subclass:
74
Convertible (e.g., to diverse art device):
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
wherein at least a portion of the transceiver circuitry is
alternatively operable as a portion of another electrical
sound signal processing system.
(1) Note. The term convertible is intended to include a
receiver for a different frequency band (e.g., broadcast
receiver).
Subclass:
74.1
Cordless/corded conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
wherein the transceiver includes a structure for transforming
a wired transmission capability to a wireless transmission
capacity or vice versa.
Subclass:
75
With frequency stabilization (e.g., automatic frequency
control):
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
having means to prevent or compensate for variation in the
operating frequency of the transceiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
113 and 119, for transmitter with automatic frequency
control or stabilization.
164.1 173.1, 192.1+, and 257, for receivers with automatic
frequency control or stabilization.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, 1 for oscillators with automatic frequency
control.
Subclass:
76
Synthesizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Subject matter
in which a single stable oscillator is used as a source of
one or more frequencies derived therefrom by frequency
multiplication or division.
(1) Note. The stable oscillator is often crystal controlled
or phase-locked.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165.1 and 183.1+, for receivers with synthesizers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, subclass 1 for synthesizers in general.
Subclass:
77
With tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
having means to control or adjust the frequency of the
transmitted or received signal; or the loading or adjustment
of the radio frequency circuits is varied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
120 for transmitter tuning.
150.1 for receiver tuning.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, for passive tuning circuits in general.
Subclass:
78
With transmitter-receiver switching or interaction
prevention:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
wherein the transmitter and receiver are made orthogonal by
alternatively actuating the transmitter or receiver or by
isolation circuitry.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, subclass 278 and 282+ for
transmit/receive interaction control in duplex
communications.
Subclass:
79
Automatic (e.g., voice-operated):
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter
wherein the switching device is other than manually
operated.
(1) Note. Such means includes voice operated switching.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
116 for transmitters automatically actuated in response to
voice, etc.
Subclass:
80
With distributed parameter coupling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
having a distributed parameter transmitter line coupling the
transmitter and receiver portions of the transceiver to an
antenna.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 100 for branched
circuits.
Subclass:
81
Waveguide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter
wherein the transmission line is a hollow conductor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 593 for miscellaneous
circuits with a distributed parameter element (e.g.,
waveguide).
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 13 for
waveguides having gas breakdown switching (e.g., T-R) tubes;
subclasses 100+ for branching networks; and subclass 13 for
hybrid transmit-receiver isolators.
Subclass:
82
Common antenna:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
where the transmitter and the receiver use the same antenna.
Subclass:
83
Single antenna switched between transmitter and receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter
which has a single antenna which is alternately connected to
the transmitter and receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for a single antenna automatically switched between
transmitter and receiver.
Subclass:
84
With a common signal processing stage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
having an active element which performs a signal processing
or generating function in the transmitter portion of the
apparatus during signal transmission and in the receiver
portion of the apparatus during signal reception.
(1) Note. The terms "active" and "signal processing" are
used to exclude common use of nonprocessing elements, e.g.,
antennas and power supplies.
Subclass:
85
Transmitter oscillator used as detector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter
wherein the active element circuitry which produces the
carrier signal during transmission functions as a demodulator
during signal reception.
(1) Note. The term demodulator used above excludes
heterodyning mixers. Rather it includes only those devices
producing a signal which is a replica of the original
modulating information signal.
Subclass:
86
Transmitter oscillator used as local oscillator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter
wherein the active element circuitry which produces the
carrier during transmission also produces the oscillatory
signal with which the received signal is heterodyned.
Subclass:
87
Tunable or variable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter
where the frequency of the local oscillator is variable or
changeable.
Subclass:
88
Transceiver controlling a separate transceiver or receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
wherein the transceiver is operative to produce a signal
controlling the operation of another transceiver or a
receiver at the same location.
(1) Note. The controlling signal may be either a signal
produced for control purposes or may be the normal
transmitted signal of the transceiver.
(2) Note. Such control may include, for example, switching
from a stand-by condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.1 for selective system in general.
132 for diversity-type receivers which may control one
another.
352 for receivers which are remotely controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825 for various remote
control system not limited to modulated carrier waves.
Subclass:
90
Housing or support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
having specified enclosure or support means, and not
classified above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
347 for receiver housings.
575 for such housing or support means specifically providing
for portable or mobile use.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, 309.1 for bracket means for holding a radio
that does not claim radio structure.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 7.1 for radio
cabinets, per se, that do not claim radio structure.
Subclass:
91
TRANSMITTER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter comprising apparatus for generating and
modulating a carrier wave and usually including the coupling
of the modulated carrier wave to the transmission medium.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for an interference signal transmitter.
7 for a repeater or relay system having a transmitter
stage.
26 for a secret system transmitter.
39 for systems having a transmitter and a receiver.
88 for a transceiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, 79 for telephone transmitters.
219, Electric Heating, 600 for inductive heating, subclasses
678+ for microwave heating, and subclasses 764+ for
capacitive dielectric heating.
250, Radiant Energy, appropriate subclasses for radiant
energy transmitters in general.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate
subclasses for electrical generators.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclass
34 for a particular electron discharge tube device in a
circuit including an antenna.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses for generating electricity.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses.
332, Modulators, appropriate subclasses for modulators, per
se.
340, Communications: Electrical, 853.1 for well bore
communications; subclasses 22+ for traffic and vehicle
communications; subclasses 825+ for selective (e.g., remote
control); and subclasses 870.18+ for telemetering all which
may include modulated carrier waves. Also subclass 539 for
alarms with a radio link; and subclass 311.1 for paging
transmitters.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for reflected
or returned wave systems; and subclasses 100+ for antennas
which may nominally recite a transmitter.
348, Television, 469 and 723+ for television transmitters.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, particularly 295 for
similar transmission of pulse or digital signals.
380, Cryptography, appropriate subclasses for a
cryptos:graphic telecommunication system.
Subclass:
92
Remote control of a transmitter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
including structure for modifying or controlling the
operation of the transmitter from a point removed some
distance from the transmitter.
(1) Note. The controlling function may be performed
automatically or manually.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 for remote control of a receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.69 and 825.72
for radio remote control in selective signalling systems.
Subclass:
93
Convertible to different type (e.g., AM to FM):
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
wherein the transmitter is constructed so that it may be
changed from one type of transmitter to a different type of
transmitter, such as, for example, changed from a crystal
controlled to a tunable transmitter or change from FM to AM.
(1) Note. If one alternative is pulse, e.g., digital
transmission, the system is classified in Class 375.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 216 for
transmitters convertible to/from pulse modulated carrier
wave.
Subclass:
94
Alternator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where the transmitter power is generated by a dynamo-electric
radio frequency device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclass 116 for spark gap or arc discharge
transmitters.
Subclass:
95
Mobile or portable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
constructed to be transportable by vehicle or person.
(1) Note. The transmitters in this and the indented
subclasses may be installed upon a vehicle and operated while
the vehicle is in motion or may be installed or positioned on
the vehicle to be ejected therefrom as in the subclass
below.
(2) Note. Transmitters, per se, which send signals which
indicate relative direction or position are classified
elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11.1 for mobile or portable repeaters.
96 for transmitter ejected from a mobile vehicle.
517 and 575, for mobile or portable systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 22 for vehicle or traffic
environment signalling; and subclasses 500+ for condition
responsive indicating systems.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 100 for directive
type transmitters or receivers or receivers, per se.
Subclass:
96
Transmitter ejected from moving vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
where the transmitter is ejected from a mobile vehicle.
(1) Note. The transmitter may be automatically ejected
(e.g., responsive to the impact of a crash) or manually
ejected by operation of a switch.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 138 for safety lowering devices in general
of the aeronautical type.
340, Communications: Electrical, 22 for vehicle or traffic
environment signalling.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 100 for sending
of radio wave energy which is characterized by relative
direction or position and is not ejected or activated by a
moving vehicle.
Subclass:
97
With antenna ejection or external support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
including provision for ejecting or extending an antenna from
the transmitter, or having provision for externally
supporting an antenna (e.g., a balloon).
(1) Note. The antenna ejection or antenna support may or
may not be automatically operated.
Subclass:
98
With aircraft, satellite, or projectile:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
combined with or carried by an air or space vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 if the transmitter is ejected from the vehicle.
Subclass:
99
With vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
carried by or combined with a vehicle such as surface craft,
submarine, automobile, or other land or waterborne vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
98 for transmitters combined with aircraft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 22 for vehicle or traffic
environment signalling.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 709 and
710 for waterborne antennas.
441, Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices, subclass 89 for body
attached buoyant devices combined with analog modulated
carrier wave communications.
Subclass:
100
Body attached or connected:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
which is shaped to fit the body or be supported by the body.
(1) Note. For classification in this subclass, a portion of
the transmitter must be shaped to fit or be supported by the
body such as an antenna or microphone attached to the body.
Small hand carried transmitters with no portion thereof
connected to the body are classified elsewhere in this
class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
95 for small hand carried transmitters with no portion
thereof connected to the body
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 573.1 for transmitters
responsive to the condition of a human which may be attached
or connected to the body.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 718 for
body attached or supported antennas.
Subclass:
101
Diversity:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where two or more channels are transmitted via different
paths, frequencies, or times of transmission.
(1) Note. Subject matter classified here is distinguished
from multiplex, Class 370, in that no specialized receiver is
needed for discerning the separate channels.
(2) Note. Subject matter classified here is limited to the
transmission of a single message at a time over the
channels.
(3) Note. Some system classified here are directed toward
reducing fading at the receiver.
Subclass:
102
Plural modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
in which the carrier wave is modulated at least twice prior
to transmission.
(1) Note. The plural modulation may be of the same or
diverse types, and is usually sequential.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 119, 145 and 151+ for plural modulation, per
se.
Subclass:
103
Plural separate transmitters or channels:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where there are plural transmission channels formed of
separate complete transmitters, capable of independent
operation.
(1) Note. The plural transmitters may be interconnected to
a common antenna, by a common power supply or by a common
control signal path.
(2) Note. Systems using multiplex techniques to combine
separate messages and apply to a common antenna are
classified in Class 370, subclasses 339+.
Subclass:
104
Carrier and sidebands separately transmitted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
where separate channels are provided for transmitting the
carrier and the sideband components of a modulated carrier
wave.
(1) Note. Also included in this subclass are transmitters
having separate channels for the carrier and sideband
components and with means to produce a rotating field
pattern.
Subclass:
105
Common frequency:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
where the plural transmitters broadcast on the same
frequency.
(1) Note. Systems with frequency control of the second,
spaced, or remote, transmitter are classified in subclass 92
above.
Subclass:
106
Modulation by absorption, shielding, or reflecting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
including structure spaced from or external to the antenna
which modulates the carrier radiated from the antenna, such
as by absorption, shielding, or reflecting.
(1) Note. The radiated carrier may be angle modulated or it
may be amplitude modulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 and 129+, for systems not limited to modulation
systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 753 for radio
antennas with external radio wave refractor.
Subclass:
107
With variation of antenna impedance or dimension for
modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where the carrier wave is modulated, under control of the
modulating intelligence signal, by varying the impedance or
dimension of the antenna.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for systems in which the antenna circuit is varied for
tuning.
129 for systems in which the antenna coupling is explicitly
shown and varied therefor.
269 for systems of antenna combined with receiver for
similar coupling arrangements, noting especially 289.
Subclass:
108
Amplitude modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where the amplitude of the carrier is varied under control of
the intelligence to be transmitted.
Subclass:
109
Vestigial or single sideband or suppressed carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter
where less than two complete sidebands are transmitted, with
or without the carrier or two complete sidebands are
transmitted without the carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for suppressed carrier wave systems.
47 for single or vestigial sideband systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 167 for a suppressed carrier double
sideband type amplitude modulator.
348, Television, 723 for vestigial sideband television
transmitters.
Subclass:
110
Angle modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where the frequency or phase of the carrier wave is varied or
modulated under control of the intelligence that is
transmitted.
Subclass:
111
Including distributed parameter structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter
including, as a significant part of the transmitter, a
structure with distributed parameter wave transmission means
or circuits designed to simulate the impedance
characteristics of distributed parameter wave transmission
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate
subclasses for distributed electric parameter devices, per
se.
Subclass:
112
With frequency multiplication or division:
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter
where a signal at one frequency is converted to a second
frequency which is a multiple or sub-multiple of the first
frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 113 for miscellaneous frequency
conversion or control.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, 157 for power
frequency conversion.
Subclass:
113
With frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Subject matter
where the operating frequency of the transmitter is
controlled or regulated.
Subclass:
114
With harmonic radiation suppression:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
having provision for the reduction or suppression of the
radiation of harmonics from the antenna.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 for spaced transmitter-receiver systems with distortion,
noise, or other interference prevention, reduction, or
compensation.
501 for spaced plural transmitter-receiver systems with
noise, singing, or other disturbance prevention means.
Subclass:
115
Measuring, testing, or monitoring of transmitter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
having measuring, testing, or monitoring of the signal
transmitted.
(1) Note. The transmitter must be claimed in detail along
with the monitoring means, claimed broadly or in detail.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate
subclasses for measuring sensing or testing electricity, per
se.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 653 for condition
of electronic circuit or component responsive indication.
Subclass:
116
Carrier amplitude control (e.g., voice operated on/off):
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where the amplitude of the carrier signal is controlled
responsive to the modulation signal.
(1) Note. For classification in this subclass the amplitude
of the carrier is varied responsive to the modulation signal,
for example, the carrier amplitude is reduced or cut off when
the modulating signal is absent or reduced.
Subclass:
117
With electrical protection of transmitter circuit or
operator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where the transmitter circuits or operators are protected
from damage or injury such as from overload or malfunction of
a component within the transmitter.
(1) Note. For classification in this subclass some detail
of the transmitter must be claimed along with the protective
means, claimed broadly or in detail, for protecting the
operator or transmitter. Where the transmitter is claimed
broadly (such as by name only) and the protective means is
claimed in detail, classification is with the protective
means.
(2) Note. The overload may be the result of a defective
tube or other component within the transmitter or it may be
the result of an external fault such as an antenna failure,
lightning, or of transmission line arc-over.
(3) Note. Transmitters with temperature modifier or control
means, such, for example, as cooling are in this subclass.
(4) Note. Transmitters with automatic condition responsive
alarm are elsewhere in this class.
(5) Note. Operator protection is also included here.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for transmitters with automatic condition responsive
alarm.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 326
for generic personnel safety means.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 51 for amplifiers with automatic
disabling switch.
331, Oscillators, subclass 62 for oscillators with circuit
means.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 1 for
safety and protection of electrical systems and devices.
Subclass:
118
Frequency conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where a signal is converted from a first frequency to a
second frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 113 for miscellaneous frequency
conversion or control.
331, Oscillators, subclass 51 and 53 for plural oscillator
frequency multipliers and dividers.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, 157 for electric
power frequency conversion.
Subclass:
119
Carrier frequency stabilization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
including provision to prevent or compensate for undesirable
drift or change in the frequency at which the transmitter is
operating.
(1) Note. The prevention or compensation for the drift or
change in frequency of the transmitter may be automatically
controlled.
Subclass:
120
Including tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
including a resonant network or crystal whose resonant
frequency may be varied (tuned) to control or modify the
operating frequency of the transmitter, or which may be
substituted for other resonant networks or crystals, as by
switching, to control or modify the operating frequency of
the transmitter.
Subclass:
121
In antenna circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter
wherein the tuning structure or circuitry is located within
the antenna or forms part of the antenna coupling circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 for a transmitter with an antenna circuit with variable
coupling thereto.
Subclass:
122
With saturable reactor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter
having a magnetic core reactor which is controlled by
adjusting a superimposed unidirectional magnetic flux to
effect adjustment of saturation of the core.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 401
for saturable reactor systems, in general.
Subclass:
123
Automatically controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter
wherein the tuning is controlled in response to a signal
condition.
Subclass:
124
Distributed parameter device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter
where the tuning structure includes, as a significant part
thereof, structure with distributed parameter wave
transmission circuits or circuits designed to simulate the
impedance characteristics of distributed parameter wave
transmission circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate
subclasses.
Subclass:
125
Automatic adjustment of tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter
where the variation or substitution is in response to a
characteristic of the transmitter or transmitted signal.
Subclass:
126
With feedback of modulated output signal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
including provision to apply a portion of the output signal
of the transmitter to the input of a prior stage.
(1) Note. The feedback circuit may include an auxiliary
pickup coil or antenna to collect a portion of the energy
being transmitted.
(2) Note. The signal feedback may be shifted in phase to
compensate for hum or distortion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for a system having a transmitter and receiver at
separate stations in which the transmitter is controlled by
signal feedback from the receiver.
Subclass:
127
Power or bias voltage supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
including the details of the source of electrical energy or
of the circuitry connecting such source to the transmitter
for supplying power or biasing potential to the active
elements of the transmitter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for power or bias control for transmitter circuit or
operator protection.
343 for power or bias voltage supply in receivers.
Subclass:
128
With casing or housing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
provided with a casing or housing for enclosing the
transmitter or a portion of the transmitter.
(1) Note. For classification in this subclass, some detail
of the transmitter must be claimed along with the casing or
housing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, subclasses
48-67 for electrical equipment boxes and housings in
general.
220, Receptacles, appropriate subclasses.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 7.1 for radio
cabinets, per se.
331, Oscillators, subclasses 67-69 for oscillators with
shielding, casings, or housings.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 331 for
housings and mounting assemblies with plural diverse
electrical components.
Subclass:
129
With coupled antenna:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
including an antenna and circuit for coupling the antenna to
the active elements of the transmitter.
(1) Note. For classification here, some transmitter details
should be included in the claimed combination. Combinations
of antenna, coupling, and nominal transmitter are classified
in Class 343, Communications: Radio Wave, subclasses 850+.
See also (4) Note under subclass 850 of Class 343.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114 for coupling systems restricted or related to
suppression of harmonics.
Subclass:
130
RECEIVER OR ANALOG MODULATED SIGNAL FREQUENCY CONVERTER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising (a) means for receiving a carrier wave,
upon which an information signal has been modulated, and
deriving the original information signal from the modulated
carrier wave. Further means may be provided for converting
the derived signal into a physical manifestation readily
perceived by at least one of the human senses (e.g., sound)
or (b) devices whereby an incoming carrier wave signal, which
has been modulated by an analog signal, is changed from one
carrier frequency to another carrier frequency.
(1) Note. The system and apparatus found in this and the
indented subclasses under (1) above will include wave
collection means, at least one wave mixing or modifying
means, detector, or demodulator means and utilization means,
which utilization means may consist of a sound reproducing
device. This class also contains subcombinations of any of
the above recited elements combined with coupling circuitry,
whereby some function of a complete receiver system is
performed; as for example, antenna means broadly plus
detector, radio frequency amplifier plus mixer means, etc.,
and which subcombinations are not elsewhere classifiable.
(2) Note. The apparatus found in this and the indented
subclasses will be restricted to those systems which are
limited, by claimed subject matter, to use in the reception
and utilization of electromagnetic wave energy transmitted in
the form of a carrier wave having an analog signal of
arbitrary message content modulated thereon or in the form of
one or more sidebands, with or without a carrier, resulting
from the modulation of a carrier wave by some external
source. The modulation may consist of amplitude modulation,
frequency, or phase modulation, or any combination thereof.
The utilization means will in general comprise loud speaker
means but may include visual reproduction means or in some
cases a combination of both.
(3) Note. Ordinarily this and the indented subclasses will
not include patents whose claimed subject matter includes (a)
devices for the operation and control of mechanical devices
at a distance by radiant energy, (b) systems and devices for
the reception and utilization of facsimile (television) or
telegraph signals, (c) systems and devices for the reception
of energy which utilize compressional waves in the audible
range (telephony), (d) systems and apparatus restricted to
the use of radio wave energy which is transmitted to and
reflected from some object, the reflected energy being
received at a receiving station (i.e., radar), and (e)
systems and apparatus for the communication of pulse or
digital information.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 10 for mechanical dial
operators; and see the notes thereto for the electrical
type.
178, Telegraphy; and 379, Telephonic Communications,
appropriate subclasses for line instruments restricted to use
in these arts, particularly Class 178, subclass 15, 17, 48,
and 88+ for receivers and recorders adapted to
code-signalling.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 113 for miscellaneous frequency
conversion or control.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators in
general and particularly 315 for frequency demodulators,
subclasses 345+ for phase demodulators, and subclasses 347+
for amplitude demodulators.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for radio frequency,
intermediate frequency, or audio frequency amplifiers, per
se, useful in receivers in this class.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for electrical
oscillator systems of general application, particularly 1
for automatic frequency stabilized oscillators; and
subclasses 37+ for beat frequency oscillators similar to the
frequency conversion stage of a heterodyne type receiver.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for specific adjustable
resonant circuits, per se, utilizable as tuners for radio
receivers.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for reflected
or otherwise returned wave systems, e.g., radar; and
subclasses 100+ for directive radio wave energy systems
including receivers; see subclass 113 for direction finding
receivers; and subclasses 700+ for antennas which may be used
with radio receivers.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
109 for optical communication.
370, Multiplex Communications, for modulated carrier wave
receivers and systems designed to simultaneously receive a
plurality of messages.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 316 for pulse and
digital modulated carrier wave receivers.
714, Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
712 for diagnostic test of transmission facility.
Subclass:
131
Frequency conversion between signal source (e.g., wave
collector) and receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
where the frequency of the signal supplied by the signal
source (antenna or cable) is converted to another frequency
which the receiver is able to receive.
Subclass:
132
Plural receivers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
which comprises all of the essential elements (as defined in
the definition of subclass 130 above and not merely by name
only) of two or more separate receiver means, each of the
receiver means being capable of, if detached from or removed
from each of the other separate receivers, deriving a useful
signal which is representative of useful information carried
by an incoming modulated carrier wave and which plural
receiver system is not otherwise classifiable.
(1) Note. The subject matter found here may include a
plurality of structurally claimed receiver means whose input
is derived from separate antenna or collector means, or a
plurality of receiver means having some stage in common; for
example, a common local oscillator, volume control, or
utilization means, provided, that each recited receiver means
is capable, if acting along and utilizing the common stage,
of deriving a signal representative of the useful information
carried by the modulation signal. Systems wherein a
plurality of individual receiver means are fed from a single
antenna will not be found here but in subclasses 6.1+. For
purposes of classification in this subclass a plurality of
receivers each receiving its input from a single source are
considered to be merely a plurality of output channels for a
single carrier wave input even though each of the channels
performs the normal function of a complete receiver having a
common input means and may be tuned to receive a different
wave frequency.
(2) Note. The plurality of receivers found in this and the
indented subclasses will generally be located at the same
geos:graphical location (as in a rack) or closely adjacent
thereto (as in a building or structure), for example, plural
nondirectional receivers utilized in a diversity system. The
antennas or collecting means may be situated at some distance
apart, but in the same general vicinity. To be classified
here the plurality of receivers must have some common
cooperation or association one with another. For a plurality
of receivers located at distant locations relative to each
other even though they may be responsive to a particular
carrier wave originating at single transmitter the search
must be extended to the systems subclasses herein-above in
this class or other appropriate classes.
Subclass:
133
With output selecting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
where output signals from the several receivers are compared
and a selected one of the output signals is either (a)
applied to a utilization means, or (b) suppressed or
prevented from appearing at the utilization means.
Subclass:
134
By signal strength:
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter
where the output signal is selected according to its
amplitude.
Subclass:
135
By signal quality (e.g., signal to noise ratio):
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter
where the output signals are selected according to a measure
of their signal quality.
Subclass:
136
With control (e.g., automatic gain control, automatic
frequency control, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter
having provision for controlling an operating characteristic
of at least one of the receivers.
Subclass:
137
With output combining:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
where the outputs of two or more of the receivers are
combined in an additive manner before being applied to a
common utilization means.
Subclass:
138
With control (e.g., automatic gas control):
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter
where one or more of the operating characteristics of one or
more of the receivers is controlled.
Subclass:
139
Frequency or phase control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter
where the frequency or phase of an oscillator in the receiver
is controlled.
Subclass:
140
Selectively actuated or controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
where each of the separate receivers may be independently
energized, connected to a signal such as an antenna,
individually tuned, or otherwise controlled to the exclusion
of the others.
Subclass:
141
Including common stage (e.g., local oscillator):
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
including one or more local oscillators or other stage which
act in common with two or more of the receivers.
Subclass:
142
Convertible to different type (e.g., AM to FM):
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
comprising a receiver whose circuit can be changed to receive
at least two different types of modulation, for example,
amplitude or frequency modulated waves.
(1) Note. Such receivers may be of the superheterodyne type
and employ a common pre-amplifier, converter, and
intermediate frequency stage for both types of modulation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for
digital combined with analog transmission.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications subclass 216 for
digital convertible to/from analog.
Subclass:
143
With distinct signal path for each type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
where the receiver contains a plurality of separate signal
paths, each path being adapted for a different type of
modulated signal, between the input and the output of
receiver.
(1) Note. An example of the subject matter found here may
include separate diverse type collection means followed by a
radio frequency stage or stages and a mixer with a common
intermediate frequency stage followed by diverse detectors
feeding a common audio frequency amplifier.
Subclass:
144
With dual purpose amplifying or other stage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
including one or more stages which perform plural functions.
(1) Note. Some examples of dual purpose stages are VHF an
UHF amplifiers, amplifier and limiter, and AM-FM detector.
Subclass:
145
Panoramic display:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
including a cathode-ray oscilloscope for displaying the
received signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for transmitters controlled by a spectrum sweeping or
panoramic type receiver for transmitting a jamming signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.12 for
apparatus for the analysis of complex electrical waves and
which utilize panoramic display methods.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for a demodulator
including a cathode-ray tube.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 100 for directive
radio wave energy panoramic-type receivers utilized as radio
beacons.
Subclass:
146
Plural separate paths or plural oscillators:
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Subject matter
wherein the receiver includes more than one individual
circuit path or more than one local oscillator.
(1) Note. For plural separator signal paths, at least a
portion of the input carrier wave is conducted to an output
utilization means by each path.
(2) Note. For plural oscillators, the output of each
oscillator is applied to one of a plurality of mixer or
conversion means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 303+ and 313, for other types of receivers having plural
signal paths therein.
315 for plural frequency conversion means with plural local
oscillators.
Subclass:
147
Particular local oscillator control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Subject matter
wherein the receiver includes particular means whereby the
frequency of the local oscillator means is maintained
constant or whereby some other operating condition of the
oscillator means is controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
164.1 for scanning receivers with automatic frequency
control.
173.1 for mechanical or electromechanical frequency
selection means with automatic frequency control.
182.1 for channel or station selection with automatic
frequency control.
208 for frequency or phase modulation type receivers with
synchronized or controlled local oscillator means.
255 for automatic frequency control systems for receivers in
general.
316 for receivers with frequency conversion means with
frequency stabilizing means for the local oscillator.
Subclass:
148
With oscilloscope sweep signal derivation or control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Subject matter
wherein the receiver includes particular means for generating
or controlling the voltage applied to the oscilloscope (e.g.,
control of voltage amplitude or cathode-ray beam intensity).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, 364 for
cathode-ray tube deflection systems in general, particularly
subclasses 383+ for ray beam intensity control.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 131 for miscellaneous sawtooth or
ramp circuit.
331, Oscillators, 143 for free running relaxation
oscillators utilized as sawtooth generators.
Subclass:
149
Plural output (e.g., plural speakers) (not stereo):
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
where the receiver has a plurality of separate outputs.
(1) Note. Stereo receivers are classified in Class 381,
subclasses 1+.
Subclass:
150.1
Signal selection based on frequency (e.g., tuning):
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
comprising means to cause the receiver to respond,
selectively, to any one of two or more carrier waves.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 for transceivers tuning.
120 for transmitters with tuning.
340 for receivers in general with adjustable tuning means
between stages.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 10 for a radio tuner by
names only when claimed in combination with shaft positioning
means.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.39 for systems
for measuring the frequency of a cyclic current or voltage by
tuning to resonance with a reference source.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 1 for miscellaneous discriminating
circuits and particularly subclasses 39+ for frequency
discrimination.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuners, per se.
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclass for specific type
inductor, per se, which may be used in a selective circuit,
see particularly 130.
340, Communications: Electrical, 870.40 for telemetering
systems including selective receivers.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 5 for radar receivers with
wave selecting means and subclasses 100+ for directive
receivers with selecting means.
346, Recorders, subclass 37 for the combination of a tuning
responsive radio receiver with recording means.
348, Television, 725 for television receivers having
frequency selecting means.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 182 for
electric control circuits for relays which are frequency
responsive.
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclass for
multiplex receivers with frequency selection means.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 316 for pulse
receivers with frequency selection.
Subclass:
151.1
Remote control of channel or station selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter wherein the tuning means includes a control means that
is actuated at a distance from the receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 for remote control of receivers for other than signal
selection.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, 8 for remotely controlled tuner which claims
significant details of the tuner.
Subclass:
151.2
Wireless link (sonic, RF or infrared):
This subclass is indented under subclass 151.1. Subject
matter wherein the remote control device is not physically
connected to the receiver and generates an acoustic wave, an
electromagnetic wave, or a pulse train (e.g., sonic, RF, or
infrared).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825.03 for generic
wireless remote control.
Subclass:
151.3
Remote oscillator tuned:
This subclass is indented under subclass 151.1. Subject
matter wherein the control means includes an oscillator which
generates alternating-current power at a frequency which may
be changed at will by the operator.
Subclass:
151.4
Plural electronic devices controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 151.1. Subject
matter wherein the remote control apparatus operates at least
two or more receivers.
Subclass:
152.1
Of or combined with vehicle receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 151.1. Subject
matter wherein the receiver system has tuning means in
addition to the remote control means and is carried by or
combined with a land vehicle (e.g., automobile).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
297 for receiver having noise or interference elimination
combined with vehicle structure.
Subclass:
153.1
Mechanical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 151.1. Subject
matter wherein the receiver includes mechanical means
responsive to the remote control device to the carrier wave.
Subclass:
153.2
With wired link:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153.1. Subject
matter wherein the remote control device is electrically
connected to the receiver by a cable or a wire.
(1) Note. Wire may carry current to a motor in the receiver
which actuates the mechanical means to vary the frequency
response.
Subclass:
154.1
With indication of frequency, channel, or selector condition
(e.g., tuning aid):
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter including means for making a condition pertaining to
the tuning of the receiver perceptible to a human operator.
(1) Note. This subclass and the indented subclass may also
include TV tuning or channel indicators wherein the TV
receiver is broadly claimed which does not include any
particular TV processing circuitry, e.g., horizontal or
vertical sync circuitry, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for transmitters with tuning indicator.
145 for receivers with panoramic display.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 10 for mechanical radio
tuning mechanisms which may include dial indication means.
116, Signals and Indicators, 241 for radio tuning
indicators.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.11 for devices
for measuring or testing electricity, per se, and having
indication means, particularly indented subclasses 76.49 and
76.51 for frequency measuring systems employing tuned
circuits.
329, Demodulators, 315 for frequency detectors with
indication means.
331, Oscillators, subclass 64 for oscillator devices with
indicating means.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuning devices, per
se, with indicating means.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 350 for directive radio
energy receivers with indicating means.
345, Computer Graphics Processing, Operator Interface
Processing, and Selective Visual Display Systems, 1 for
visual display systems with selective electrical control.
348, Television, 569 for television receivers with tuning
indicators.
381, Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices,
subclass 12 for stereo receivers with indicators.
Subclass:
154.2
Scanning display:
This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Subject
matter having means to automatically and continuously varies
the carrier wave frequency to which the receiver is tuned and
means to continuously display the frequency.
Subclass:
155.1
By meter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Subject
matter comprising a movable visual indication actuated by
electromagnetic means.
Subclass:
156.1
Audible indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Subject
matter comprising means to generate a specific tone or sound
or to vary the normal sound output of the receiver.
Subclass:
157.1
Analog frequency indication (e.g., dial):
This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Subject
matter including means for indicating the frequency value of
the carrier wave to which the receiver is adjusted or tuned
(e.g., tuning dial with a pointer).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 for transmitters and receivers at separate stations with
measuring, testing, and monitoring which may include the
frequency display of the receiver.
226.1 for receiver measuring, testing, and calibration
apparatus which may include means for displaying the actual
receiver tuned frequency.
Subclass:
157.2
With light indication or bar type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157.1. Subject
matter wherein the perceptible means is a line divided into
equal measures which is variably illuminated to indicate the
condition.
Subclass:
158.1
Channel index indication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Subject
matter wherein the indication means displays information
pertaining to the identity of the channel or station to which
the receiver is tuned.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
345, Computer Graphics Processing, Operator Interface
Processing, and Selective Visual Display Systems, 168 for
keyboard input for a visual display system with selective
electrical control, and subclasses 33+ and 141+ for
particular types of character displays in a visual display
system with selective electrical control.
348, Television, 569 for TV receivers which may include
channel number displays.
Subclass:
158.2
With electronic digital indication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 158.1. Subject
matter wherein the display means is an electronic means for
visually representing the channel or station number (e.g.,
seven-segment numerical display).
Subclass:
158.3
Using a counter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 158.2. Subject
matter wherein the electronic means includes a counter which
counts control pulses transmitted by the remote control
device to cause the receiver to be tuned from channel to
channel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift
Registers: Circuits and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
pulse counting means, per se.
Subclass:
158.4
With multiple display functions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 158.1. Subject
matter wherein the channel index indicating means also
displays another kind of information (e.g., time of day,
frequency, stereo mode, etc.).
Subclass:
158.5
Non-numeric display (e.g., call letters):
This subclass is indented under subclass 158.1. Subject
matter wherein the channel index indication includes
alphanumeric data about a received channel.
Subclass:
159.1
Variable light indication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 154.1. Subject
matter which the condition is indicated by a variable light
source.
(1) Note. The variable light indication source may be an
electron beam "ray" tube or LED by which tuning may be
adjusted correctly.
Subclass:
159.2
Plural lamps:
This subclass is indented under subclass 159.1. Subject
matter wherein the variable light indicator contains at least
two or more light sources.
Subclass:
160.1
Plural tuning modes (e.g., manual and scanning, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter having two or more signal selection means (e.g.,
manual and automatic scanning and means to selectively
actuate one of the signal selection means).
(1) Note. This subclass is restricted to plural discrete
selection modes. Systems such as coarse tuning and fine
tuning are excluded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161.1 for frequency scanning receivers.
170.1 for receivers with manual, mechanical, or
electromechanical selection.
173.1 182.3, and 192.3 for systems such as coarse tuning and
fine tuning.
179.1 for channel or station selection receivers.
188.1 for band selection receivers.
Subclass:
161.1
Frequency scanning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter in which the selection means includes means for
automatically tuning the receiver through a desired frequency
range or a plurality of frequency ranges to obtain a carrier
signal having predetermined characteristics (e.g., frequency,
amplitude).
(1) Note. The selection means in this subclass and the
indented subclasses may include electrical, mechanical, or
electromechanical systems. For example, the selection means
may be adjusted to resonance at a desired frequency
automatically by the action of a manually operated button,
lever, dial, or knob means or means whereby the selection
means is locked or clamped in a predetermined position as a
consequence of the frequency of the received input carrier
signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
32 for receiver selection with scanning.
77 for transceivers with automatic tuning.
125 for transmitters with automatic adjustment of tuning.
145 for panoramic receivers with frequency scanning.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.12 for
frequency spectrum analyzers using scanning receivers.
348, Television, subclass 734 for television receivers with
search tuning.
Subclass:
161.2
With processor control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter wherein the means includes a programmable controller
for automatically tuning the receiver through the desired
frequency range.
Subclass:
161.3
Using signal strength or quality:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter wherein the predetermined characteristic is the
strength of the information signal or the signal-to-noise
ratio.
Subclass:
162.1
Motor activated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter in which the selection means is controlled by a
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
170.1 for signal selection receivers employing mechanical or
electromechanical selection means such as a motor,
particularly subclass 172.1 for time activated receiver
selection combined with a motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate
subclasses for generic motor control device.
334, Tuners, 20 for motor operated band scanning or selector
circuit for tuners, per se.
Subclass:
163.1
Reversible motor (e.g., end-stop control):
This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1. Subject
matter in which the motor is bidirectional and circuit means
is provided for controlling the direction of operation.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for selective receivers in
which the tuning means has limitations in motion and cam or
other actuating means controls the motor circuit to prevent
damage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclass 626 for
limit or end-stop control of an electric motor in a servo
system and subclasses 280+ for motor reversing systems.
Subclass:
164.1
With automatic frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter including a self-regulating control circuit in the
receiver which compensates for small variations in a carrier
signal frequency to provide a stable audio output.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for transceivers with frequency stabilization.
119 for transmitters with automatic frequency control.
173.1 for manual, mechanical, or electromechanical frequency
selection means with automatic frequency control.
182.2 for channel or station selection with automatic
frequency control.
192.2 for receiver tuning in general with automatic
frequency control or fine tuning control.
257 for nontuning receivers with automatic frequency
control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, 1 for oscillators having automatic
frequency control.
348, Television, subclass 735 for television receivers with
automatic frequency control.
Subclass:
164.2
Processor controlled (AFC):
This subclass is indented under subclass 164.1. Subject
matter wherein the automatic frequency control is controlled
by a programmable controller.
(1) Note. The processor may be a microprocessor.
Subclass:
165.1
With frequency synthesizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter wherein the selection means includes means for
deriving a plurality of local oscillator frequencies from a
variable frequency oscillator by frequency multiplication or
division.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 for transceivers with frequency synthesizers.
183.1 for channel or station selection with frequency
synthesizers.
260 for automatic frequency control receivers with frequency
synthesizers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, 1 for automatic oscillator frequency
control, particularly subclass 1 for oscillator frequency
control circuits with particular logic elements (e.g.,
programmable divider in a phase locked loop).
Subclass:
166.1
With channel skipping selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter including means to cause pass over of certain
carrier frequencies during the scanning process.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
175.1 for manual, mechanical, or electromechanical frequency
selection means with channel preset.
Subclass:
166.2
With priority channel selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166.1. Subject
matter wherein the channel skipping selection includes means
to cause the selection of preferred carrier frequencies over
other carrier frequencies.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179.1 which may include preferred channel selection.
Subclass:
167.1
With dual sweeping:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter including a plurality of means (e.g., two sweeping
oscillators) operating in sequence to cause receiver
scanning.
Subclass:
168.1
Multiband:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter including means for scanning the receiver over a
plurality of frequency bands.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
176.1 for manual, mechanical, or electromechanical frequency
selection means combined with band selection.
180.1 for channel selection combined with band selection.
188.1 for general band selection circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, 18 for band scanning used in an electromagnetic
operated tuner.
Subclass:
169.1
With particular variable voltage or current tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161.1. Subject
matter including particular means for providing a changeable
voltage or current to a receiver oscillator for scanning.
(1) Note. Some significant detail of the voltage or current
supply of receiver oscillator scanning must be claimed for
classification in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
195.1 for signal selection systems in general using variable
voltage or current tuning.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, 11 for particular variable voltage or current
responsive tuners.
Subclass:
169.2
With varactor diode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 169.1. Subject
matter wherein the particular variable voltage or current
tuning means includes a two-terminal semiconductor device
capacitance varies with the applied voltage.
Subclass:
170.1
With mechanical or electromechanical selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter including mechanical or electromechanical operating
devices (e.g., knobs, push buttons, tuning shafts, movable
cores, ganged elements, etc.) for tuning the receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
120 for transmitter tuning which may include manual,
mechanical, or electromechanical means for frequency
selection.
160.1 for receivers comprising plural selection modes which
may include manual, mechanical, or electromechanical
selection means.
161.1 for frequency scanning receivers which may include
manual, mechanical, or electromechanical means for frequency
selection.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 10 for mechanical radio
tuning mechanisms.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for mechanical or
electromagnetic type tuners.
Subclass:
171.1
Time actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170.1. Subject
matter wherein the mechanical or electromechanical selection
means is controlled by a timing device (e.g., clock).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
181.1 for channel or station selection which is controlled
or programmed by a timing device.
231 for receiver combined with diverse device, such diverse
device being a clock.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,
appropriate subclasses for particular clock structure.
Subclass:
172.1
Including a motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 171.1. Subject
matter wherein the selection means is done by an electric
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162.1 for motor activated frequency scanning receivers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, 20 for motor activated band scanning or
selector circuit for tuners, per se.
Subclass:
173.1
With automatic frequency control of fine tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170.1. Subject
matter wherein the manual, mechanical, or electromechanical
means includes means for automatically stabilizing a receiver
local oscillator frequency or means to permit fine adjustment
of the local oscillator to the carrier frequency of a
signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for transceivers with frequency stabilization (e.g.,
AFC).
119 for transmitters with automatic carrier frequency
stabilization.
164.1 for frequency scanning receivers with automatic
frequency control.
182.1 for channel or station selection receivers with
automatic frequency control or fine tuning control.
192.1 for signal selection in general with automatic
frequency control or fine tuning control.
255 for nontuning receivers with automatic frequency
control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, subclass 13, 16, and 26+ for tuners with
automatic frequency centering circuits.
Subclass:
174.1
With muting (e.g., silent tuning):
This subclass is indented under subclass 170.1. Subject
matter including means for silencing the receiver at all
times except when the signal selection means is exactly
adjusted to the desired carrier frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
194.1 for signal selection receivers (nonmechanical type)
with muting.
212 for FM receivers with muting or squelch circuits.
218 for receivers in general with muting or squelching
circuits.
Subclass:
175.1
With carrier wave preset:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170.1. Subject
matter including means for preselecting a desired carrier
wave frequency (e.g., by push buttons).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
160.1 for receivers with plural signal selection modes
wherein at least one such mode may be a preset signal
selection mode.
166.1 for frequency scanning receivers which may comprise
means for preselecting a channel to be skipped or a priority
channel to be monitored.
186.1 for channel or station selection receivers with means
for programming predetermined channel information into a
storage memory.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, subclass 29 for tuners with predetermined
center frequency selectors.
Subclass:
176.1
Combined with band selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170.1. Subject
matter including means for selecting one of a plurality of
carrier wave bands.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
168.1 for multiband frequency scanning receivers.
180.1 for channel or station selection receivers combined
with band selection.
188.1 for band selection receivers in general.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, 18 for band selector with electromagnetic
operator.
Subclass:
177.1
Combined with other control (e.g., bandwidth, volume, gain,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 170.1. Subject
matter including additional means for controlling other
functions of the receiver (e.g., bandwidth, volume, gain,
etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
200.1 for nonmechanical or nonelectromechanical-type
frequency selection receivers with other control.
232 for receivers in general with gain, level, or volume
control.
266 for receivers with selectivity or bandwidth control.
Subclass:
178.1
With plurality of tunable circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170.1. Subject
matter including separate circuits each being adjustable by
the operation of manual, mechanical, or electromechanical
means (e.g., tuning shaft).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187.1 for channel or station selection receivers using
separate tuned circuits for each channel or station.
191.1 for band selection receivers with plural tuned
circuits or tunable coupled stages.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, subclass 2 for plural diverse type tuners and
subclasses 42+ for resonant line element tuners employing
plural operated tuning units.
Subclass:
179.1
Channel or station selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter including means to tune the receiver to a desired
carrier wave frequency.
(1) Note. This subclass and the indented subclasses may
also include TV channel or station selections wherein the TV
receiver is broadly claimed and does not include any
particular TV processing circuitry, e.g., horizontal and
vertical sync, circuitry, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73 for transceivers which may include channel selection
means.
151.1 for remote control of channel or station selection.
160.1 for receivers with plural selection modes which may
include channel selection means.
161.1 for frequency scanning receivers which may include
channel selection means, particularly subclasses 166.1+ for
channel skipping or priority channel selection.
170.1 for receivers with mechanical or electromechanical
selection which may include channel selection means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuners, per se, with
channel or station selection means.
348, Television, subclass 570 and 731+ for television
channel or station selections with such particular processing
circuitry.
Subclass:
180.1
Combined with band selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter including means in addition to the channel selection
means for selecting a desired frequency range from a
plurality of frequency ranges, whereby a channel frequency
can be selected from such desired frequency range.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 for transceivers with tuning which may include band
selection means.
168.1 for frequency scanning receivers with band selection
means.
176.1 for receivers with mechanical or electromechanical
selection means combined with band selection.
188.1 for band selection receivers in general.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, subclass 570 and 731+ for TV tuning which
may include band selection means (e.g., UHF, VHF).
Subclass:
180.2
UHF and VHF:
This subclass is indented under subclass 180.1. Subject
matter wherein the desired frequency range is within 30 to
3000 MHz.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
188.2 for band selection receivers in general which include
UHF and VHF band.
Subclass:
180.3
With phase locked loop (PLL) tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 180.2. Subject
matter wherein the tuning means includes a tuning circuit
whose output locks onto and tracks a reference signal for
tuning the desired frequency.
(1) Note. Phase locking is accomplished by comparing the
phase of an output signal and the reference signal, and then
converting any difference into a correction voltage that
changes the phase of output so it matches that of the
reference or the input signal.
Subclass:
180.4
Varactor tuned (e.g., varactor diode):
This subclass is indented under subclass 180.2. Subject
matter including a two-terminal semiconductor device
capacitance for tuning the desired channel or station
frequency.
Subclass:
181.1
Time controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter wherein the channel or station selection means is
activated or programmed by a timing device (e.g., clock).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
171.1 for receivers with manual, mechanical, or
electromechanical selection means controlled by a timing
device.
Subclass:
182.1
With frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter wherein the channel or station selection includes a
local oscillator and a control means for stabilizing the
oscillator frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for transceiver with frequency stabilization.
164.1 for frequency scanning receivers with automatic
frequency control.
173.1 for receivers with mechanical or electromechanical
frequency selection means using AFC or fine tune control.
192.1 for signal selection with AFC or fine tuning control.
257 for receivers in general with automatic frequency
control.
Subclass:
182.2
Automatic (AFC):
This subclass is indented under subclass 182.1. Subject
matter wherein the control means is a self-regulating control
circuit in the receiver which compensates for small
variations in a carrier signal frequency to provide a stable
audio output.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, subclass 735 for television receiver with
automatic frequency control.
Subclass:
182.3
Fine tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter wherein the channel or station selection means
includes a local oscillator and means to permit fine
adjustment (either manually or automatically, i.e., AFT) of
the oscillator frequency.
Subclass:
183.1
With frequency synthesizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter including means for deriving a plurality of local
oscillator frequencies from a variable frequency oscillator
by frequency multiplication or division.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 for transceivers with frequency synthesizers.
165.1 for frequency scanning receivers with frequency
synthesizers.
260 for automatic frequency control receivers with frequency
synthesizers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, subclass 1 for oscillator frequency
control circuits with particular logic elements (e.g.,
programmable divider in a phase locked loop).
Subclass:
183.2
Processor controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183.1. Subject
matter wherein the frequency synthesizer includes a
programmable controller for selecting an appropriate one of
the local oscillator frequencies to tune the receiver to the
desired channel or station.
Subclass:
184.1
With comparing desired and existing tuning conditions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter including comparison means for determining the
difference between the carrier wave to which the receiver is
current tuned and a newly selected carrier wave.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161.1 for frequency scanning receivers which may include
comparison means.
170.1 for manual, mechanical, or electromechanical frequency
selection which may also include comparison means.
Subclass:
185.1
With channel information storage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter including means for storing about the channel to
which the receiver is tuned.
(1) Note. This subclass may include a digital memory for
storing channel number representation or a storage capacitor
for storing channel voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 for transceiver tuning which may include channel
information storage.
161.1 for frequency scanning receivers which may include
channel information storage.
Subclass:
186.1
With memory control or programming:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185.1. Subject
matter including means for controlling the address or readout
of the storage means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
365, Static Information Storage and Retrieval, appropriate
subclasses for generic memory device, particularly 185.01
for floating gate memory storage (e.g., flash memory).
Subclass:
186.2
Having a keyboard:
This subclass is indented under subclass 186.1. Subject
matter wherein the controlling means includes an array of
push-button switches with related functions for programming
the channel information.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate
subclasses for generic switches.
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion, 22 for bodily
actuated code generator including keyboard or keypad.
Subclass:
187.1
Separate tuned circuits for each channel or station:
This subclass is indented under subclass 179.1. Subject
matter including a plurality of separate and distinct circuit
means each of which is tuned or tunable to resonate at a
particular frequency corresponding to the frequency of a
modulated carrier wave channel.
(1) Note. Each of the plurality of circuit means may be
preadjusted to be resonant at the carrier frequency of a
separate transmitting station and may be selectively inserted
into the system at random or in a sequential order.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178.1 for receivers with manual, mechanical, or
electromechanical selection means using a plurality of
tunable circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses, especially subclass 7
for push button-type tuners utilizing a plurality of tuned
selector circuits.
Subclass:
188.1
Band selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter including means for selecting ranges of radio
frequencies lying between specified sets of limits, each
range including one or more carrier wave channels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 for transceiver tuning which may include band selection
means.
168.1 for multiband frequency scanning receivers which may
include band selection means.
176.1 for mechanical or electromechanical frequency
selection receivers combined with band selection.
180.1 for channel or station selection receivers combined
with band selection.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.39 for
frequency measuring systems which may include band changing
or selection means.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuners with band
selection or changing means.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 350 for directive radio
energy receivers which may include band selection means.
348, Television, subclass 570 and 731+ for TV tuning
receivers which may include band selection means.
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclass for
multiplex receivers which may include band selection means.
Subclass:
188.2
UHF and VHF:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Subject
matter wherein the frequency range is within 30 to 3000 MHz.
Subclass:
189.1
With plural separate mixer or converter circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Subject
matter including two or more separate and distinct means for
generating an output signal equal to the sum or difference of
a local oscillator frequency and the carrier wave frequency
or means for converting the carrier wave frequency to some
other frequency by combining it with another frequency.
(1) Note. The separate conversion means may be in separate
signal channel paths for providing separate intermediate
frequency outputs or may provide input signals for a common
intermediate frequency channel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 for radio repeaters with plural conversion stages.
146 for panoramic receivers which may comprise plural
separate mixers or converter circuits.
168.1 for frequency scanning receivers which may comprise
plural separate mixers or conversion circuits.
176.1 for manual, mechanical, or electromechanical signal
selection combined with band selection which may include
plural frequency conversion means.
180.1 for channel or station selection receivers combined
with band selection means which may comprise plural frequency
conversion circuits.
207 for frequency modulation receivers with plural
conversion means.
314 for receivers with frequency conversion systems
comprising a plurality of plural separate successive
conversion means.
Subclass:
190.1
With frequency conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Subject
matter including means for converting the carrier wave
frequency to some other frequency by combining it with
another frequency.
(1) Note. The converting means may, for example, be a
separate frequency band converter, connected between the
antenna and the receiver input for adapting a receiver
operative in one frequency band (e.g., VHF) to receive
signals in another frequency band (e.g., UHF).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for systems wherein a receiver adapted to receive a wave
containing a first type modulation component has means to
convert it to receive a wave containing a second type
modulation component or vice versa (e.g., AM or FM).
Subclass:
191.1
With plurality of tuned circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188.1. Subject
matter including two or more tuned circuits each tunable to a
different frequency.
(1) Note. The separate tuned circuits need not consist of
separate distinct physical elements, but any two or more may
share one or more elements in common. As an example, a
single inductance may be divided into sections with one or
more sections being parallel connected with a capacitor
whereby each of the sections when so connected constitutes a
separate tuned circuit. The plurality of tuned circuits may
be situated either in the input to or the output of a radio
frequency amplifier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
340 for receivers in general with tunable or adjustable
coupling circuits between stages.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for band selecting
tuners, per se.
Subclass:
191.2
Varactor tuned:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191.1. Subject
matter wherein the plurality of tuned circuits includes a
two-terminal semiconductor capacitive device for tuning a
desired frequency range.
Subclass:
191.3
With switching between stages:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191.1. Subject
matter wherein the plurality of tuned circuits includes a
mechanical or electrical device that completes or breaks a
signal path or sends the signal over a different path.
Subclass:
192.1
With frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter including a control means for stabilizing a receiver
local oscillator frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for transceivers with automatic frequency control.
119 for transmitters with automatic frequency control.
164.1 for frequency scanning receivers with automatic
frequency control.
182.1 for channel or station selection receivers with
frequency control.
255 for nontuning receivers with automatic frequency
control.
Subclass:
192.2
Automatic (AFC):
This subclass is indented under subclass 192.1. Subject
matter wherein the control means is a self-regulating control
circuit in the receiver which compensates for small
variations in a carrier signal frequency to provide a stable
audio output.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
164.1 for frequency scanning receivers with automatic
frequency control.
173.1 for receivers with mechanical or electromechanical
frequency selection means using AFC or fine tuning control.
182.2 for channel or station selection receivers with
automatic frequency control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, subclass 735 for television receiver with
automatic frequency control.
Subclass:
192.3
Fine tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 192.1. Subject
matter wherein the control means includes means to permit
fine adjustment (either manually or automatically, i.e., AFT)
of the local oscillator to the carrier frequency of a desired
signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
173.1 for receivers with mechanical or electromechanical
frequency selection means using AFC or fine tuning control.
182.3 for channel or station selection receivers with manual
or automatic fine tuning.
Subclass:
193.1
With antenna circuit tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter wherein the signal selection means comprises a tunable
RF circuit coupled to a carrier wave reception means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for tunable transmitters with tuning means in the
antenna circuit.
275 for receivers with plural antennas and including
frequency selecting means.
289 for receivers with tunable coupling means between the
antenna and receiver input.
Subclass:
193.2
With plural resonant circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1. Subject
matter wherein the tunable antenna circuit includes a
plurality circuits which contain both inductance and
capacitance and are therefore tuned to a resonance at a
certain frequency.
Subclass:
193.3
Including varactor diode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1. Subject
matter wherein the tunable RF circuit includes a two-terminal
semiconductor capacitive device.
Subclass:
194.1
With muting (e.g., silent tuning):
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter comprising a means to silence the receiver while it is
being tuned to the desired carrier frequency (e.g., silent
tuning).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
174.1 for mechanical or electromechanical signal selection
receivers with muting means.
212 for frequency or phase modulation receivers having
squelch circuits or other output silencing.
218 for receivers having squelch in general.
Subclass:
194.2
Amplifier controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194.1. Subject
matter wherein the means includes an amplifier in a received
signal path whose gain is controlled in such a manner that
the audio output is muted during the silent tuning.
Subclass:
195.1
Variable voltage or current tuning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter wherein the means to select the carrier wave frequency
is responsive to voltage or current.
(1) Note. Some significant detail of the voltage or current
supply for carrier signal selection must be claimed for
classification in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
169.1 for frequency scanning receivers with particular
variable voltage or current tuning.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, 11 for particular variable voltage or current
responsive tuners.
Subclass:
196.1
Including variation of local oscillator frequency:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter which includes a variable frequency source of
unmodulated oscillation.
(1) Note. Signal frequency selection effected by frequency
variation of the oscillation source is classified herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
320 for a frequency converter with a local oscillator in
which the coupling means is variably tuned.
Subclass:
197.1
By simultaneous control with signal selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196.1. Subject
matter in which the local oscillator frequency and the
carrier wave frequency are varied by a common actuator.
Subclass:
197.2
Variable capacitor tuned:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.1. Subject
matter comprising an RF tuned circuit and an oscillator tuned
circuit, each containing a variable capacitor which is tuned
by the common actuator.
Subclass:
197.3
Including additional tuning circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.2. Subject
matter including more than two resonant circuits in
combination with an additional resonant circuit having a
variable capacitor which is varied by the common actuator.
Subclass:
198.1
Including distributed parameter control device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.1. Subject
matter wherein the means to select either the carrier wave or
the local oscillator frequency is of the electromagnetic wave
transmission type (e.g., resonators, waveguides).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate
subclasses for such distributed parameter devices and
networks.
334, Tuners, 41 for tuners having resonant line elements.
Subclass:
199.1
Discrete frequency types (e.g., channel switching):
This subclass is indented under subclass 197.1. Subject
matter in which the frequency selection means selects
distinct, spaced apart, frequencies.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179.1 for similar signal selectors absent local oscillator
frequency variation.
Subclass:
200.1
With other control (e.g., volume, gain, bandwidth, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 150.1. Subject
matter including significant details of the signal selection
means combined with at least one other functional control
means.
(1) Note. To complete the field of search in this class for
subject matter found in this subclass, and in which the said
other control means is included in some detail, further
search must be made in the appropriate subclass relating to
the particular control means.
(2) Note. Wherein the subject matter claimed includes two or
more type of control means equally claimed as to significant
details classification will be in the subclass relating to
the particular control means which is highest in the
schedule. For example, wherein volume control and tuning
control are both claimed with equal particularity,
classification will be in subclass 200 with an official
cross-reference in subclass 233, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177.1 for manual, mechanical, or electromechanical type
signal selection receivers with other control means.
232 for gain or volume control means.
233 for volume control means combined with other control
means.
255 for local oscillator frequency control systems.
256 for frequency control combined with other control means
which other means may be tuning or wave selection control.
266 for selectivity control wherein the frequency bandwidth
is controlled for any desired carrier wave received.
353 for remote control means controlling a plurality of
conditions from a remote position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuners, per se, which
may be combined with other control means mechanically.
Subclass:
201
Exalted carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
relating to a receiver system adapted to derive an output
voltage representative of useful information modulated upon a
carrier wave and comprising means whereby the carrier
component is separated from the sideband or bands, amplified
and recombined with the sideband or bands for the purpose of
preventing the effects of selective fading or for obtaining a
relatively undistorted output.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
296 for receiver systems in general having noise or other
interference elimination.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, subclass 358 for a synchronous amplitude
demodulator.
Subclass:
202
Suppressed carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
relating to a receiver system adapted to derive an output
voltage representative of useful information modulated upon a
carrier wave in the form of amplitude modulation, the carrier
portion of the resultant wave being reduced in amplitude at
the transmitter with only one or both of the sideband signals
being transmitted to the receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for transmitter and receiver systems of the suppressed
carrier type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 270 for
transmitter and receiver systems with suppressed carrier;
subclass 301 for transmitters with suppressed carrier and
subclass 321 for receivers with suppressed carrier.
Subclass:
203
Carrier and single sideband:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
relating to a receiver system adapted to derive an output
voltage representative of useful information being
transmitted by means of the carrier and one sideband only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for transmitter and receiver systems of the single
sideband type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 270 for
transmitter and receiver systems with single sideband;
subclass 301 for single sideband transmitters and subclass
321 for single sideband receivers.
Subclass:
204
Vestigial sideband:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
relating to a receiver system adapted to derive an output
voltage representative of useful information modulated upon a
carrier wave, the information having been transmitted via a
signal comprising a carrier and one normal sideband the other
sideband having been largely but not completely suppressed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for transmitter and receiver vestigial sideband systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, 725 for TV receivers which may include
vestigial sideband.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 270 for
transmitter and receiver pulse systems with vestigial
sideband; subclass 301 for vestigial sideband pulse
transmitters and subclass 321 for vestigial sideband pulse
receivers.
Subclass:
205
Frequency or phase modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
comprising a receiver system designed to convert a
frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave input
into perceptible output signals representative of the useful
information contained in the modulation signal.
(1) Note. The basic elements of receivers included in this
and the indented subclasses includes an input means (e.g., an
antenna or converter means, intermediate frequency amplifier
means, limiter means, frequency or phase discriminator and/or
demodulator means, low (e.g., audio) frequency amplifier
means and utilization means such as a loud speaker.
(2) Note. The subject matter found in this and the indented
subclasses ordinarily will not include a frequency or phase
modulation receiver by name only (i.e., recited as in a
frequency modulation receiver, etc.) followed by specific
details of an otherwise classifiable system which is not
limited by its function to use in a frequency or phase
modulation receiver. However, where the disclosure relates
to such a frequency or phase modulation receiver and the
receiver is included by name only followed by specifically
claimed subject matter which is peculiar to such type a
receiver, classification will be herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23 for frequency modulation-type radio repeater systems.
42 for spaced transmitter and receiver systems of the
frequency or phase modulation type.
110 for frequency or phase modulated transmitters, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, 66.1 for frequency shift telegraph
receivers.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.39 for
frequency comparison or testing devices; and subclasses
76.77+ for phase comparison means.
329, Demodulators, 315 for a frequency demodulator and
subclasses 345+ for a phase demodulator.
332, Modulators, 117 and 144+ for frequency or phase
modulator, per se.
340, Communications: Electrical, 870.18 for frequency or
phase modulated telemetry systems; and subclasses 825.70 and
825.71+ for phase and frequency responsive selective
systems.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 17.5 for
frequency or phase modulation radar systems; subclasses 100+
for directional receivers utilizing a frequency modulated
input.
358, Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing, 400 for
facsimile systems which may utilize frequency modulation.
370, Multiplex Communications, subclass 215 for multiplex
phase modulation, and subclass 483 for multiplex frequency or
angle modulation.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 271, 302+, and 322+,
for frequency or phase modulated carrier wave pulse or
digital communications.
Subclass:
206
Responsive to one of overlapping signals:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
in which the receiver has means by which a desired signal is
detected regardless of the pressure of an overlapping signal,
whether stronger or weaker.
Subclass:
207
With plural conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
including a plurality of mixing or conversion means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for transmitters with plural stages of modulation.
314 for receivers in general with wave modifying or
conversion systems including plural successive conversion
stages.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 119 and 145 for phase or frequency
modulators having plural successive stages of modulation.
Subclass:
208
With synchronized or controlled local oscillator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
including means whereby the operating frequency of a local
oscillator device is maintained in synchronism with a
reference frequency, is maintained constant or is varied in
accordance with a variation of the frequency of an input
signal or means whereby some other operating condition of the
local oscillator is controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
196 for signal selection based on frequency (e.g., tuning)
means combined with local oscillator tuning means.
255 for automatic frequency control or synchronization
systems for receivers in general.
316 for frequency modifying or conversion means combined
with plural local oscillator means and provided with
frequency stabilization means for at least one local
oscillator.
502 for plural spaced transmitter and receiver systems with
synchronization means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, 323 and 346 for combining locally
generated oscillations with a frequency modulated or phase
modulated signal respectively.
331, Oscillators, 1 for automatic frequency stabilization of
an oscillator or oscillators utilizing phase or frequency
sensing means.
Subclass:
209
Plural local oscillators or mixers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Subject matter
where there is more than one local oscillator or mixer in the
receiver.
Subclass:
210
With carrier amplitude modulation elimination (e.g.,
specified limiter):
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
in which the receiver system includes means for the
elimination of amplitude modulation components of the input
carrier wave signal.
(1) Note. The amplitude modulation component of the input
signal wave may arise from any source external to the
receiver but most generally arises at the output of the
transmitter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for spaced transmitter and receiver systems of the
frequency or phase-modulated type with preemphasis or other
predistortion network.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, 318 for reduction of amplitude variation
in a frequency demodulator.
332, Modulators, subclass 18 for modulators with means to
remove undesired amplitude modulation.
Subclass:
211
Combined with other function:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter
where the tube or circuit which performs the carrier
amplitude modulation elimination also performs another
function, for example, amplification.
Subclass:
212
With squelch or other audio output silencing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
wherein the receiver system includes means whereby the
receiver is prevented from producing audio-frequency output
in the total absence of an input signal or in the absence of
a predetermined signal-noise ratio relationship.
(1) Note. The squelch means may be operated by signal
energy in the receiver pass band, by noise quieting means, by
a combination of the two, or means to prevent undesired
variations in the output of the i.f., amplifier from causing
a response in the output of the demodulator.
(2) Note. The amplitude limiting means found in this
subclass is intended to ensure that the amplitude variations
in the modulated wave input to the demodulator are an
accurate representation of frequency modulation of the input
exclusive of noise or other undesired effects and are not to
be confused with the amplitude modulation elimination means
found in subclasses 210+.
(3) Note. To complete the field of search for receivers in
general utilizing muting or squelching means consult subclass
218.
(4) Note. The squelch means may be operated by an
externally generated signal having special modulation
characteristics; such systems are classified in subclasses
35.1+.
Subclass:
213
Using specified filter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter
in which the squelch or silencing action, or its reverse, is
determined by a frequency discriminating means, specifically
recited.
(1) Note. The filter means may be high, low, or band pass
or reject.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 552 for miscellaneous unwanted signal
suppression utilizing an active filter.
Subclass:
214
With particular discriminator or detector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
in which the system includes the combination of a frequency
or phase-modulation type receiver, which may be broadly
claimed, with a specific discriminator or detector means.
(1) Note. For similar subject matter consisting of
discriminator means combined with receiver means other than a
frequency or phase modulation type receiver the search will
be elsewhere in this class, and for frequency or phase
discriminator, per se, the search will be elsewhere
(2) Note. For purposes of classification in this subclass
the words discriminator and detector are used synonymously
and refer to the final means whereby amplitude variations are
derived in response to the frequency or phase properties of a
signal. The subject matter to be found here is not to be
confused with heterodyning or mixing means which is sometimes
referred to as the first detector of a receiver.
Heterodyning or mixing means will be found in this class
(455) subclass 313 and the indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, 315 for frequency discriminators, and
345+ for phase discriminator. See the definition and search
notes in Class 329 for the complete field of search in other
related classes and for a statement of the dividing line
between the subject matter in that and other related
classes.
Subclass:
215
Superregenerative:
This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Subject matter
wherein the particular discriminator or detector means is of
the superregenerative type.
(1) Note. Superregenerative detector means as such are
specifically excluded from the Demodulator Detector Class 329
by the class definition of that class. Such detectors will be
found in this class (455) subclasses 323+ below, if the
device acts as a conversion means whose output is an
intermediate frequency wave to be further acted upon by
further states in a receiver circuit, and in subclasses 336+
if the output actually represents the information contained
in the modulation signal.
Subclass:
216
With particular frequency division or multiplication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter
including the combination of a frequency or phase-modulation
type receiver, which may be broadly claimed, with a specific
frequency dividing or multiplying means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 113 for miscellaneous frequency
conversion or control and subclasses 185+ for stable state
circuits which may be utilized as frequency dividers.
331, Oscillators, subclass 51 for frequency dividing, and
subclass 53 for frequency multiplying, plural, cascaded
oscillators; and subclasses 74+ for systems comprising a free
running oscillator combined with particular output coupling
network means which may comprise frequency multiplying or
dividing means.
377, Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift
Registers: Circuits and Systems, for electrical pulse
counters and dividers.
Subclass:
217
With protection circuit for receiver circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
wherein the receiver system is provided with means to protect
the entire receiver circuit or elements thereof from damage
due to outside electrical influences.
(1) Note. The subject matter found in this subclass will
include only devices intended to protect the receiver system
from damage from outside sources, such as lightning, overload
due to an excessive signal and may consist of means placed in
the antenna or collector input circuit, or means incorporated
in the receiver circuit itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for transmitters with circuit protective means.
347 for mechanical protective means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, subclass 51 for amplifiers combined with
automatic disabling switch means.
331, Oscillators, subclass 62 for oscillators with circuit
protective means.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 6 for radar
systems which are provided with means, usually a T-R switch
for receiver protection; for preventing damage to the
receiver due to direct radiation from the transmitter.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
112 and 113 for safety and protective systems for electrical
devices and equipment, for space discharge means and tuned
circuit, respectively.
454, Ventilation, subclass 184 for means for ventilating an
enclosed space, such as a radio or a television cabinet.
Subclass:
218
Squelch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
where the receiver gain is automatically reduced (quieted) in
response to a specified characteristic of the input signal.
(1) Note. The specified characteristic is usually a lack of
carrier wave or the presence of excessive noise.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
212 for frequency or phase modulation receivers with
squelch.
Subclass:
219
With automatic gain or volume control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
combined with control of the amplification of the receiver
without manual intervention.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
234.1 for automatic gain or volume control.
Subclass:
220
Adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
where the level of input signal characteristic at which the
squelch will operate is operator variable.
Subclass:
221
Audio responsive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
where the level of input signal characteristic at which the
squelch will operate is operator variable.
Subclass:
222
Noise controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
in which the specified characteristic of the input signal is
the presence of an unwanted or spurious signal at the input
of the receiver which modifies the wanted signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
296 for noise elimination in general.
Subclass:
223
Short duration (noise blankers):
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Subject matter
where, in response to a noise pulse, the receiver output is
squelched for a time period that is relatively short compared
to the period of the demodulated signal.
Subclass:
224
Separate broadband detector channel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Subject matter
where there is a separate signal path from the receiver input
to the detector which has a broader frequency response than a
signal path from the receiver input to the squelch circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
303 for receivers with noise elimination having plural
signal paths.
Subclass:
225
Plural paths:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
where the received signal is applied to two or more signal
paths.
Subclass:
226.1
Measuring or testing of receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
comprising means which, in use, determines qualitatively or
quantitatively, a receiver characteristic.
(1) Note. The receiver may not be operative as to
communication during test, and the receiver is usually a
block and claimed at least nominally.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 250 for measuring the
wavelength or frequency of radio and microwave.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for specific
elements (e.g., noise generator), with no more than means for
coupling to a receiver.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 703 for
measuring of a signal with an antenna and a nominal receiver
or with quantitative means.
Subclass:
226.2
Signal strength:
This subclass is indented under subclass 226.1. Subject
matter including a means for measuring a signal strength
level.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring, and Testing, 76 for
measuring, testing, or sensing electricity, per se.
Subclass:
226.3
Signal-to-noise ratio:
This subclass is indented under subclass 226.1. Subject
matter including a means for determining a signal-to-noise
ratio.
Subclass:
226.4
With meter or indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 226.1. Subject
matter including a means for displaying to a human observer
information concerning the receiver characteristics being
measured.
Subclass:
227
Responsive to an input signal of particular predetermined
frequency:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
wherein the receiver is permanently adjusted in such a manner
as to have a response to signals having a carrier wave of a
predetermined frequency or a carrier signal having a
predetermined identifying modulation frequency superimposed
thereon.
(1) Note. The subject matter found in this subclass is
restricted to receivers responsive to a particular
preselected input activating signal of a predetermined
frequency or other preselected characteristic only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 for unauthorized use prevention systems whereby only a
particular receiver means is enabled to receive a message
transmitted from the transmitter.
31.1 for systems with receiver selection.
140 for a plurality of receivers selectively activated.
229 for receivers with alarm or alerting means.
352 for remotely controlled receivers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 129 for frequency responsive switching systems.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 1 for miscellaneous discriminating
circuits and particularly subclasses 39+ for frequency
discriminating.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclasses 165-212
for wave filters, per se, comprised of passive elements.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 171 for frequency
responsive remote control signal devices; and subclass 539
for automatic alarm systems operated via radio link.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for object
detection systems responsive to returned signals; and
subclasses 113+ for direction finding receiver systems
responsive to a particular input signal.
346, Recorders, subclass 37 for recording systems with
control means of the radio receiver type.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 182 for
electric control circuits for relays which are frequency
responsive.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 316 for pulse
receivers which may be selectively responsive.
380, Cryptography, appropriate subclasses for cryptos:graphic
prevention of signal unauthorized use.
Subclass:
228
Responsive to specified modulation (e.g., call alarm,
conelrad):
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter
including means for indicating a predetermined modulation in
the carrier.
(1) Note. Systems with a two-state indicator such as an
alarm light off or on or with a filter passbanding a warning
tone, are classified here only if combined with an analog
carrier wave communication receiver.
(2) Note. Selective systems responsive to a predetermined
signal(s) are classified in Class 340, subclasses 147+.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 539 for an alarm
systems with a radio link.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 100 for directive
receivers.
Subclass:
229
Responsive to carrier absence or presence:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter
including means for indicating the absence or presence of the
carrier in a receiver.
(1) Note. The responsive means may energize an alarm or
two-state device.
(2) Note. Systems for indicating carrier level or strength,
or for indicating tuning, are classified in subclass 154.
Subclass:
230
Local control of receiver operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
including provision for controlling an operating
characteristic of the receiver.
(1) Note. The control may be automatic or manual.
(2) Note. Remote control is excluded from this subclass and
will be found in subclasses 352+.
Subclass:
231
Applied at or for specific intervals or periods of time:
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter
including means whereby the control voltage or signal is
applied to the receiver at or for specific intervals or
periods of time.
(1) Note. The time interval determining means may include
electrical time constant circuits, mechanical means, or
electron tube means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for telegraph
receivers combined with control means which may be activated
at or for particular time intervals.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, 35 for clock
actuated switching means.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 141
for time delay or retarded switching systems.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, 443 for means for
periodically, repetitiously, or successively activating a
motor control means; and subclasses 445+ for automatic or
time delay means in a motor control circuit.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 261 for miscellaneous output waveform
production delay and subclasses 518+ for miscellaneous
control circuits.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 9 for amplifiers with periodic
switching of the input.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclass for clock controlled
tuners, per se.
340, Communications: Electrical, 309.15 for timer
controlled systems.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 113 for
direction finding receivers which may have time controlling
means.
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, 89 for
timepiece time interval measurement, per se.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, 6 for
combined radio and phonograph systems.
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for
time division multiplex.
Subclass:
232.1
Gain control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter
wherein the operating characteristic is the ratio of the
output of an amplifier to its input.
(1) Note. The subject matter included in this and the
indented subclasses will include patents relating to either
signal gain or signal volume control combined with a receiver
system since the terms are used more or less synonymously in
the art.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
136 and 138, for plural separate receivers with output
control means.
206 for automatic volume control means.
210 for frequency or phase modulation type receivers with
output limiting means.
254 for means to maintain specified signals-to-noise ratio
(i.e., sensitivity control).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 345 for pulse
receivers with automatic amplitude control.
Subclass:
233.1
With diverse control (tone, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 232.1. Subject
matter including significantly claimed details of gain
control means combined with other control means (e.g., tone
control).
(1) Note. To complete the field of search in this class for
subject matter found in this subclass, further search must be
made in the appropriate subclass relating to the particular
other control mean. For example, wherein the other control
means comprises frequency control, further search subclasses
255+, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177.1 for receivers with manual selection means combined
with other control means.
256 for receivers with frequency control means combined with
other control means.
Subclass:
234.1
Automatic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 232.1. Subject
matter comprising means for automatically controlling the
gain as a function of some characteristic of the received
carrier wave (e.g., signal amplitude) or some other
conditions.
(1) Note. For information as to the field of search for
similar subject matter outside this class, see "SEARCH
CLASS", under subclass 232.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
205 for frequency or phase-type receivers with automatic
gain or volume control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 345 for
pulse-type receivers with automatic gain or volume control.
Subclass:
234.2
Processor controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the automatic means includes a programmable
controller.
Subclass:
235.1
Forward acting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the automatic gain acts on a stage subsequent
to a detector stage.
Subclass:
236.1
Variable conversion efficiency (variable oscillator
amplitude, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the receiver is a super heterodyne receiver
with a frequency converter wherein the ratio of the output to
the input of the frequency converter is variable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
311 for noise or the interference elimination means in
converter circuit.
313 for frequency modifiers or converters.
Subclass:
237.1
Responsive to locally injected pilot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the other condition is responsive to a
changing amplitude of a local reference signal via the
amplifier stages.
Subclass:
238.1
Responsive to vehicle speed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the other condition is responsive to the speed
of a vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
297 for noise or other interference elimination in a vehicle
receiver.
345 for receivers combined with vehicles.
Subclass:
239.1
Nonlinear automatic gain control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the output of the amplifier does not rise or
fall in direct proportion to the input.
Subclass:
240.1
Variable automatic gain control loop gain:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239.1. Subject
matter wherein the ratio of the output to the input of the
amplifier is controlled by an automatic gain control circuit
containing a closed signal path (loop) having variable gain.
Subclass:
241.1
Different gain stages:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239.1. Subject
matter wherein the receiver contains plurality of amplifiers,
the gain of each amplifier being different.
Subclass:
242.1
Delayed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239.1. Subject
matter including a means to delay the output with respect to
the input.
Subclass:
242.2
Different delays for different signal stages or thresholds:
This subclass is indented under subclass 242.1. Subject
matter wherein the delay means is responsive to the input
signal level of the amplifier or to the signal level in
another amplifier.
Subclass:
243.1
Radio frequency stage only delayed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 242.1. Subject
matter wherein only the automatic gain control of the radio
frequency stages of the receiver is delayed.
Subclass:
244.1
Dual time constant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239.1. Subject
matter having two different periods of time to maximize the
time response related to the carrier wave (e.g., fast
response for a high carrier frequency and slow response for a
low carrier frequency).
Subclass:
245.1
Automatic gain control signal derived from information
signal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the gain control is derived from the
demodulated (usually the audio) signal.
Subclass:
245.2
Plural stages controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 245.1. Subject
matter wherein the automatic gain control signal controls at
least two or more stages.
Subclass:
246.1
Responsive to plural inputs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the gain control signal is responsive to more
than one signal characteristic or other condition.
Subclass:
247.1
Separate automatic gain control signals:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246.1. Subject
matter wherein there are two or more different automatic
output signals.
Subclass:
248.1
Constant or controlled input impedance:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the automatic gain control means varies or
keeps constant the input impedance of the receiver.
Subclass:
249.1
Variable attenuator type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter comprising a circuit that absorbs part of the received
carrier wave and transmits the remainder with a minimum of
distortion or delay, the amount absorbed being variable.
Subclass:
250.1
Automatic gain control to improve strong signal handling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein automatic gain control is used to prevent the
receiver from becoming overloaded by a strong received
signal.
Subclass:
251.1
Plural stages with different levels or bias to each stage
(e.g., partial automatic gain control):
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein there are a plurality of stages in the
receiver who have their gain automatically controlled by the
application to said stages of different bias or gain control
signal levels.
Subclass:
252.1
Semiconductor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter having at least one semiconductor device (e.g.,
transistor, integrated circuit, etc.).
Subclass:
253.1
Plural stages controlled with plates, screen grids, or
cathodes connected in parallel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter wherein the receiver has a plurality of stages which
have vacuum tubes which have plates, cathodes, or screen
grids connected in parallel to an automatic gain, level, or
volume control voltage.
Subclass:
253.2
Plural amplifier stages:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234.1. Subject
matter including two or more gain stages.
Subclass:
254
Sensitivity control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter
including significant means whereby the input signal to a
receiver system is controlled in such a manner as to produce
a predetermined specified output signal having a specified
signal to noise ratio.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
232.1 for gain, level, or volume control systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for radar
systems including receivers which may include sensitivity
control; and subclasses 100+ for directive systems which may
include sensitivity control.
Subclass:
255
Local oscillator frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter
including one or more local oscillators combined with means
to adjust the generated frequency thereof or with a control
circuit or loop for controlling the oscillator frequency
adjusting means in response to deviation of the generated
oscillator frequency from a desired frequency or range of
frequencies in such direction and amount as to restore the
oscillator frequency to the desired frequency or range of
frequencies.
(1) Note. The control circuit or loop includes: (a)
discriminator means for sensing the deviation of the
generated frequency of the oscillator, or oscillators, in
direction and amount and for producing control energy
proportional to such deviation, and (b) means responsive to
the control energy and coupled to frequency adjusting means
of the oscillator, or oscillators, to the desired frequency
or range of frequencies whereby the intermediate frequency
output of a mixer means, to which the output of the
oscillator, or oscillators, is applied will remain constant
at a given frequency or range of frequencies.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 for panoramic type receivers with local oscillator
control means.
196.1 for wave selection (i.e., tuning) means combined with
local oscillator tuning means.
208 for phase or frequency modulation type receivers with
synchronized or controlled local oscillator means.
226 for measuring, testing, or calibrating apparatus for
receivers which may include oscillator control means.
316 for wave or modifying or conversion systems with
frequency stabilization means for at least one local
oscillator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 123 for controlling an average condition of
a frequency modulator and subclasses 155+ and 161+ for
controlling an average condition of an amplitude modulator.
Subclass:
256
Combined with other control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Subject matter
including significantly claimed details of frequency control
means (as defined in subclass 255) combined with other
control means (e.g., tone control, selectivity control) or
other broadly included control means which may be included by
the name only (e.g., volume control).
(1) Note. To complete the field of search for subject
matter found in further search must be made in subclasses, or
classes, relating to other control means. For example, if
the other control means comprises selectivity control the
further search should be in subclass 266, etc.
Subclass:
257
Automatic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Subject matter
wherein the control means consists of a self-acting control
circuit or loop whereby the output frequency of the
oscillator means or the output of the mixer means is
maintained constant at a desired frequency or within a
desired frequency range. The control circuit or loop
generally includes discriminator means for sensing the
deviation of the oscillator output frequency in direction and
amount with means for producing a control energy
corresponding to the sensed deviation and applying the
generated control energy to a controlling means in the
oscillator circuit in the proper sense or direction to
restore the oscillator output frequency to a desired value.
(1) Note. Systems wherein the frequency deviation of the
output of the conversion means (i.e., intermediate frequency)
is sensed and a control energy applied in such a direction as
to compensate for the deviation are also found here.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, 1 for similar subject matter relating to
oscillator systems of general utility having automatic
frequency stabilization means. See Lines With Other Classes
and Within That Class, and References to Other Classes, in
the class definition of Class 331 and the search notes under
subclass 1 of that class.
Subclass:
258
Utilizing particular local oscillator control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter
including automatic frequency control means broadly included
with significantly recited details of one or more particular
elements within the control circuit whereby the frequency,
control of the oscillator is stabilized or adjusted in
response to a deviation from the desired frequency.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, 1 for oscillators in general having
automatic frequency stabilization means, particularly
subclass 8 for transistorized controls; subclasses 10+ for
plural controls; and subclasses 34+ for particular-type
frequency control means.
Subclass:
259
Reference oscillator or source:
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Subject matter
wherein the control means comprises a reference oscillator or
source.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, particularly 18 for automatic frequency
stabilized oscillators with reference oscillator or source.
Subclass:
260
Phase lock loop or frequency synthesizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Subject matter
having either a closed-loop electronic servomechanism the
output of which locks onto or tracks the reference signal or
a frequency source of high accuracy whose output frequency,
is composed of two components.
Subclass:
261
Variable reactance (e.g., reactance tube):
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Systems
wherein the control means comprises variable reactance means.
The variable reactance means may consist of a reactance tube
or a solid-state type variable reactance means, e.g., in the
oscillator circuit, the reactance of which is a function of
applied bias voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, subclass 36 for automatic frequency
stabilized oscillators with particular frequency control
reactance device.
Subclass:
262
Voltage controlled capacitor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter
in which the variable reactance is a device whose capacitance
varies in accordance with a control voltage applied to the
device.
Subclass:
263
Discriminator or detector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Subject matter
wherein the control means comprises a device in which
amplitude variations are derived in response to frequency or
phase variations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators,
per se.
331, Oscillators, particularly subclass 3, 9, 25+, and 32+
for automatic frequency stabilized oscillators with
discriminator means.
Subclass:
264
Voltage control of oscillator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Subject matter
having an oscillator the frequency of which can be varied by
a changing voltage.
Subclass:
265
With local oscillator synchronization or locking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter
including means whereby a predetermined phase or frequency
relationship is maintained between the output of at least one
local oscillator and a standard or synchronizing source or
wherein the frequency of one or both of two oscillating
systems which are coupled together are shifted and
automatically held in such a relationship that the two
frequencies have the ratio of two integral numbers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
208 for frequency or phase modulation type receivers with
synchronized or controlled local oscillator means.
502 for complete systems comprising plural transmitters
and/or receivers with synchronizing means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, for synchronized oscillators; 18 for
automatic frequency control type; subclass 55 for plural
oscillators; subclass 145 for multivibrators; subclass 149
for blocking oscillators; and subclass 172 for oscillators of
general utility and having synchronizing means.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 354 for synchronizing
systems which may utilize oscillators of the automatic
frequency stabilized type.
Subclass:
266
Selectivity or bandwidth control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter
including significant means for controlling the extent to
which the receiver is capable of differentiating between a
desired signal and disturbances of the other frequencies or
whereby the difference between the limiting frequencies of a
band of frequencies over which the receiver is operative may
be varied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
193.1 and 289, for systems comprising the combination of
receiver systems with input wave selection means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 39 for miscellaneous frequency
comparing, selecting, or detecting circuits.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks 167 for passive
wave filters which may be of the adjustable bandwidth type,
especially subclasses 177+ for transformer coupled type
(e.g., intermediate frequency transformers).
334, Tuners, particularly subclass 40 for tuners with
sensitivity or "Q" adjustment means.
Subclass:
267
Tone control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter
including significant details of means whereby a part of the
frequency range of the low frequency signals in an audio
frequency amplifier of a receiver is emphasized or attenuated
to produce a desired bass or treble effect thereby obtaining
a quality more pleasing to the ear of a listener when the
signals are reproduced.
(1) Note. Where the claimed subject matter comprises
significant details of some specific control means other than
tone control with tone control means claimed broadly,
classification will be in the appropriate subclass for such
other control means with an official cross-reference in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, Music, subclass 622 for electronic musical instruments
with tone generation and/or control of tone partials.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifiers with
equalizing or tone control networks.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 28 for equalizing
networks of the passive type including tone controls which
vary the signal attenuation characteristics over a range of
frequencies.
Subclass:
268
Fidelity control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 230. Subject matter
including significant means for controlling the degree to
which a signal transmission system, consisting of a receiver
system, reproduces at its output the essential
characteristics of a signal impressed upon the input.
(1) Note. Systems which involve nothing more than noise
elimination or control means will not be found in this
subclass but, unless claimed as part of a more comprehensive
system, will be classified in subclasses 296+.
(2) Note. For complete information as to the extent of the
field of search for similar subject matter in other classes,
see "SEARCH CLASS", under subclass 254.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 for receivers with tone control means.
Subclass:
269
With wave collector (e.g., antenna):
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
wherein the receiver includes wave collecting or antenna
means combined with the whole or a specific part of a
receiver system and wherein the claimed combination does not
form a subcombination of a more comprehensive otherwise
classifiable systems.
(1) Note. For purposes of classification in this class the
word collector is generic to antenna and includes, in
addition to antennas, such devices as inductive pickup coils
and other devices intended to supply radio frequency or
carrier wave energy to the input of a receiver. In this and
the indented subclasses the collector system will include the
antenna or coil along with the connecting circuitry up to the
input terminals of a preselector, radio frequency amplifier
or mixer means which forms the first stage of a receiver.
(2) Note. An antenna or collector means as defined in this
class will include a physical device in the form of a
metallic current conductor, waveguide, or space discharge
device in direct engagement with free space and whereby an
electromagnetic energy wave or a wave travelling in
restricted space.
(3) Note. Nominal recitation of antenna, or of "antenna
circuit" plus specifics of an indent below is sufficient to
classify herein.
(4) Note. The combination of significant antenna structure
and significant radio structure is classified herein.
However, where detailed antenna structure is combined with
nominally recited radio structure, classification is in Class
343, subclasses 700+. For example, such terms as
transmitter, receiver, and signal source are considered
nominal recitations of radio structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclass 43 for space induction telegraphy
systems.
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, for means for
transmitting electrical energy between relatively moving
parts, one of which may be a movable antenna, and
particularly subclass 10 for magnetic induction systems;
subclasses 12.2+ where a reel is involved; and subclasses 22+
where a conductor presenting a substantially continuous
exposed surface along the path of movement for contact with a
collector is involved.
246, Railway Switches and Signals, subclass 8, 63, and 194
for inductive signalling systems which may involve inductive
coupling devices similar to loop antennas; and subclass 30
for Hertzian wave systems involving antennas. See also the
reference to Class 246 under section VIII of the class
definition of Class 343.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 250 for radio and microwave
meters which may include an antenna or probe as an element of
the combination.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclass
34 for the structural combination of an electric discharge
device and an antenna integrally united.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclass 16 for
electric motors controlled by space transmitted
electromagnetic wave energy (e.g., by radio) or electrostatic
energy.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate
subclass for electrical testing methods and apparatus that
may include the use of radio waves, induction fields, or
electric fields.
332, Modulators, subclass 174 for absorption type amplitude
modulators which may include a directive antenna.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for radar
systems which may include an antenna; subclasses 100+ for
directive systems including beacons and direction finding
receivers utilizing; and subclasses 700+ for miscellaneous
significant antenna systems and structure, particularly
subclass 702 for antenna combined with a radio cabinet;
subclass 703 for antenna combined with means for measuring
the signal received; and subclass 711 for antenna combined
with a vehicle. See also the definitions and search notes of
subclasses 700+ for the field of search for other apparatus
or systems utilizing antennas or means for supporting and or
orienting antennas.
348, Television, appropriate subclasses for television
systems that may include radio wave antennas.
358, Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing,
appropriate subclasses for facsimile systems that may include
radio wave antennas.
Subclass:
270
Power-line or receiver element used as wave collector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter
wherein a portion of a power-line, or a specified receiver
element, is used as the formal wave collector.
(1) Note. Receiver elements such as the power transformer,
an external structure or the speaker leads may be used.
(2) Note. Systems using "carrier current" communication
along a power-line are classified in Class 340, subclasses
310.01+.
Subclass:
271
Suppression of radiation from receiver via wave collector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter
wherein a circuit is provided in the coupling, or in the
receiver, for the purpose of reducing emission from the
collector.
(1) Note. For a structural means (shielding) which may have
the same purpose, see subclass 300.
Subclass:
272
Plural separate collectors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter
in which there are two or more separate and distinct
collecting means combined with a single receiving system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 725 for plural
separate diverse type antennas; subclasses 729+ for plural
diverse type antennas using the same active element;
subclasses 776+ for plural waveguide type antennas; subclass
844 for plural antennas spaced a fractional or full
wavelength apart (e.g., diversity); subclass 869 for plural
loop antennas; subclass 879 for support means for plural
antennas; and subclass 893 for plural antennas in general.
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for
systems which may employ plural antenna to receive a
plurality of messages or carriers (i.e., multiplex).
Subclass:
273
With particular output combining:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter
including significant details relating to particular
combining means in the output circuit of the antennas or
collectors and in which the single input to the receiver is a
resultant function of the combination in some manner the
various outputs of a plurality of separate collectors or
antennas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 725 for plural
antennas with impedance matching or coupling networks.
Subclass:
274
Loop or coil antenna:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Subject matter
where at least one of the collectors consists of one or more
loops of wire.
(1) Note. The loops of wire may be wound around a core of
magnetic material or a form made of insulating material or
may be self-supporting.
Subclass:
275
With frequency changing or selecting in the output path of
one or more collectors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter
including specific details relating to frequency changing or
fixed frequency selecting in the output path of at least one
or more of the plurality of separate antennas or collectors
and not comprising an integral part of the receiver proper.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
193.1 for signal selection based on frequency with antenna
circuit tuning.
289 for coupling varying, regulating, or control.
313 for frequency modifying or conversion.
Subclass:
276.1
With phase shifting, correcting, or regulating in the output
path of one or more collectors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter
including specific details relating to phase shifting and/or
regulating means in the output path of at least one or more
of the plurality of separate antennas or collectors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 212-219 for electrical systems (i.e., power
frequency systems) wherein a single electrical source circuit
is coupled to a single electrical lead circuit and including
means whereby the phase angle between the current or voltage
of either or both of said circuits is automatically
controlled.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.77 for systems
for measuring, testing, or sensing electricity, per se, by
phase comparison.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 141 for miscellaneous synchronizing
circuits and subclasses 231+ for miscellaneous phase shift
circuits.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 100 for branched
circuits that may include passive type equalizing or phase
delay networks; subclass 18 for automatically controlled
equalizer or phase control networks of the passive type; and
subclasses 138+ for passive type wave equalizers, per se.
Subclass:
277.1
Selectively or alternately connected to receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter
including a means to connect any one of the plurality of
antennas to the single receiving system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 725 for
plural diverse type antenna structures which may be
selectively employed; subclass 742 for a plurality of high
frequency loop type antennas; subclass 777 for a plurality of
waveguide antennas with switching means; and appropriate
other subclasses for particular types of plural antennas
which may be selectively utilized.
Subclass:
277.2
By signal quality (e.g., noise):
This subclass is indented under subclass 277.1. Subject
matter wherein the means is responsive to a signal noise.
Subclass:
278.1
Combined with noise or interference elimination:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Subject matter
including noise or interference elimination combined with or
in the output circuit of at least one of the plurality
collectors.
(1) Note. The claimed noise or interference elimination
found in this subclass will be combined with or in the output
path of at least one of a plurality of claimed antenna,
collector device, or antenna circuit and generally consist of
static or other noise elimination but may comprise correction
for fading or other interfering signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
283 for noise reduction or elimination in the output circuit
of a single claimed antenna or collector means.
296 for noise or interference reduction or elimination means
within or comprising an integral part of the receiver
circuitry or structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 850 for antenna
structure with coupling network or impedance in the lead-in
which may include noise or static suppression means,
particularly subclass 851 for such networks with radiation
suppressor.
Subclass:
279.1
Plural antenna currents entering single transformer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 278.1. Subject
matter wherein one transformer is used in coupling the
collectors to the receiver.
Subclass:
280
With coupling to a stage of the receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter
including wave collector and a receiver stage coupled by a
specified coupling means.
(1) Note. For purposes of classification in this class a
tuned circuit connected between the grid and cathode of a
tube and variably tunable will be considered as a preselector
stage and not a part of the collector coupling circuit.
Subject matter relating to preselector circuit means will be
found in this class (455) subclass 193.1.
(2) Note. The word detector as defined in this and the
indented subclasses will refer to a demodulator means and is
not to be confused with mixer means sometimes referred to in
the patent literature as a first detector with the
demodulator being referred to as a second detector. In this
and other subclasses in this class the word detector when
used will always denote the demodulator or second detector
means. Note that prior to the advent of the heterodyne type
of receiver the antenna was usually connected directly to a
radio frequency amplifier-detector means or detector means
along with the output connected directly to some utilization
means such as headphones.
(3) Note. Class 329, Demodulators, contains some
demodulators combined with other elements such as an
amplifier or speaker. The search notes to that class under
the general class definition list combinations considered as
classifiable in Class 329 and elsewhere. It will be noted
that this Class is specifically mentioned as the proper place
for "radio receivers generally including combinations of
antennas and detectors or demodulators" and superheterodyne
detectors (i.e., mixers).
(4) Note. As an example of the difference between subject
matter to be found in this and indented subclasses and that
to be found in this class under signal selection based on
frequency, subclasses 150.1+ let it be assumed (a) that the
system claimed or disclosed consists of a collector circuit
including the primary of an inductive transformer, one
terminal of which is connected to ground and the other in a
closed loop including the collector, or (b) a tunable circuit
including the secondary of the input transformer and an
amplifier having the tunable circuit connected between the
grid and cathode thereof. For classification purposes in
this subclass the collector loop circuit including the
primary winding of the transformer (a) will be considered as
a particular coupling circuit (i.e., transformer) between the
collector and amplifier and will be found in subclass 292.
The tunable circuit in the input of the tube means which also
includes a winding of the transformer (i.e., secondary) (b)
will be considered as a wave selecting means in combination
with an amplifier means and will be found in subclasses
150+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 for transmitters with coupled antenna.
214 for frequency or phase modulation receivers with
particular discriminator.
313 for receiver including particular wave conversion or
mixer means.
337 for receiver including particular discriminator means.
341 for receiver including particular amplifier means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclass 2 for miscellaneous telegraphy
systems which may comprise an antenna combined with detector
or amplifier means.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclass
34 for electric lamp and discharge lead devices having an
antenna combined therewith as a unitary structure and not
otherwise classifiable.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulator
systems, per se.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifiers, per
se.
331, Oscillators, 37 for beat frequency oscillator, per se.
332, Modulators, appropriate subclasses for modulators, per
se.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, appropriate
subclasses for radar, receivers consisting of an antenna
combined with detector or other means. Search also 850 for
antenna structure combined with a coupling network or
impedance in the leading. The leading is defined in the
definition of Class 343 as being, "a conductive means for
conveying the signal energy between the active antenna and
the signal source or receiver.
Subclass:
281
Having distributed parameters:
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
wherein the coupling means is a system whose constants, such
as a resistance, inductance or capacitance, cannot be
considered as concentrated at any one point in space.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate
subclasses.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 297 for
printed circuits structure.
Subclass:
282
Transmission line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter
wherein the coupling means comprises a transmission line.
(1) Note. The transmission line may be a lumped element
artificial line, coaxial, shielded, or other configuration
such as a Lecher wire.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 24 for coupling
networks consisting of passive elements and having long line
characteristics; subclasses 236+ for long lines in general;
and subclasses 245+ for long line elements and components.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 905 for
antenna structure combined with long line elements.
Subclass:
283
Undesired signal or noise control (e.g., antistatic):
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
in which the coupling means acts to reduce signals or noise
from the frequency spectrum of the desired signal.
(1) Note. For purposes of classification in this and
subsequent subclasses any undesired signal or electrical
disturbance within the useful frequency band will be
considered to be noise and any unwanted and random noise
caused by atmospheric conditions or electric or electrostatic
discharges originating from other sources external of and
influencing the collector will be considered as static. For
systems comprising means, within the receiver circuit, for
prevention, reduction, or elimination of noise and/or other
interference search will be in this class (455), subclasses
296+ below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
278.1 for plural antennas for a single receiver with noise
or interference suppressing means.
296 for similar systems wherein the collector is not
claimed. See (1) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, 32 for
anti-inductive structures.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 89
for anti-induction or coupling means for prevention of
inductive coupling to other circuits; and subclass 93 for
surge, transient, or parasitic current suppression means.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 12 for
wave transmission line inductive or radiation interference
reduction systems.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, appropriate
subclasses for antenna structure combined with impedance
means in the leadin which may serve as interference
attenuation means, particularly subclass 851 for antenna
combined with coupling network having radiation suppressing
means.
Subclass:
284
Balancing or cancelling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
including significant means for producing a balancing or
neutralizing current or voltage of opposite phase and equal
intensity to that resulting from the unwanted signal whereby
the unwanted signal is suppressed at the input to the
receiver.
Subclass:
285
With image frequency suppression:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
wherein the coupling includes means whereby an unwanted
signal appearing at the collector and whose frequency differs
from the received signal by twice the intermediate frequency,
is suppressed or eliminated.
(1) Note. For similar structure not tuned specifically to
the superheterodyne image frequency refer to subclass 286 in
a noise reducing system, and subclass 290 for general wave
collector coupling systems using tuned circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
302 for image frequency suppression in general.
Subclass:
286
Wave filter, coil or wave trap:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
including means whereby undesired signals differing in
frequency from the desired signal are absorbed and thus
prevented from appearing at the input terminals of the
receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
193.1 for receivers having tuned antenna coupling means in
general.
287 for similar means comprising a shunt or bypass.
307 for receivers in general with filter means for reduction
of the effects of noise or other interference.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 24 for coupling
networks consisting of passive element devices; and
subclasses 165-212 for passive element wave filters.
Subclass:
287
Shunt or bypass:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
including means whereby any undesired signal or signals are
shunted or bypassed to ground and thus prevented from
appearing at the input terminals of the receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
285 and 286, for similar means comprising a resonant circuit
or filter in a noise reduction system.
Subclass:
288
Particular composition (e.g., of cell or element):
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
wherein the significant noise and/or static reduction or
elimination means comprises an element utilizing a material
or composition which conducts or varies its impedance
selectively so as to attenuate the noise or static energy and
permit message of the desired signal without attenuation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), appropriate subclasses for specific
active solid- state devices which show nonlinear behavior.
Subclass:
289
With coupling varying, regulating, or control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
wherein the coupling means includes means whereby the
reaction of the antenna or collector output circuit upon the
receiver input circuit of the receiver is varied, maintained
constant, or controlled by design to react over the frequency
range in a desired way.
(1) Note. An example of the subject matter to be found in
this subclass is an antenna connected to the input of a
receiver through a variometer.
(2) Note. The systems to be found here are variable tuned
circuits in the antenna or collector-receiver coupling
circuits and are not intended to be utilized as preselector
or tuning means for the receiver. For wave selecting (i.e.,
tuning), search this class (455), for subclass 193.1.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 854 and
861 for adjustable antenna coupling means.
Subclass:
290
Including passive tuned circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
where the coupling is a fixed tuned circuit.
(1) Note. The systems to be found here comprise tuned
circuit means in the antenna or collector receiver coupling
circuits and are not intended to be utilized as preselector
or tuning means for the receiver but often times are utilized
to determine the frequency of the signal accepted by the
antenna or collector and transmitted to the receiver input
terminals. For wave selecting (i.e., tuning) circuits
utilized for the determination of the frequency to which a
receiver is tuned, search this class (455), subclass 193.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
283 for receivers using tuned circuits in the antenna
coupling for undesired signal or noise control.
289 for receivers with variable tuned circuits in antenna
coupling systems.
340 for receivers using variable resonant or tuned circuits
in coupling systems.
Subclass:
291
Using active device (e.g., as preamplifier or reactance):
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
wherein the coupling means includes an electron tube device,
solid state device, transistor, diode, or other active device
whereby the magnitude of the high frequency signal applied to
the receiver may be maintained constant or other wise
influenced.
(1) Note. The coupling means may act merely as a resistive
impedance in the coupling circuit, or may act as an
amplifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, for miscellaneous nonlinear circuits
utilizing active devices.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifiers.
Subclass:
292
Transformer or other passive inductance:
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
wherein the coupling means includes at least the primary
winding of a transformer or other inductive means.
(1) Note. For purposes of Classification in this subclass
the primary winding of an input transformer, the secondary
winding of which, along with a capacitor or other tuning
means constitutes the wave selecting or tuning means in the
input of a receiver, will be considered to be in the coupling
circuit and will be found in subclasses 289 and 290.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 285, 286, and 287, (note also) where inductances may be
used in noise reducing coupling circuits.
289 where variometers and variable inductances are
classified.
290 where tuned circuits using inductances are classified.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 745 for antenna
structure combined with variable reactance for tuning the
antenna; subclasses 749+ for antenna structure combined with
lumped reactance for leading the antenna; and subclasses 850+
for antenna structure combined with impedance means in the
leadin.
Subclass:
293
Specified stage (e.g., mixer, amplifier, or demodulator):
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
wherein the coupling means is connected to at least a named
stage of the receiver.
Subclass:
294
With particular electron tube structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Subject matter
in which the stage has an electron or other charged particle
space discharge device or devices characterized by special
tube construction or electrode arrangement combined with
sufficient circuitry to define the assembly as a system such
as is excluded from the other subclasses in this class and
related other art devices classified elsewhere.
(1) Note. The circuitry means to be found in this subclass
consists of the circuitry comprising that associated with the
tube itself and is not to be confused with the coupling means
between the collector and the tube input found in the
subclasses above this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
193.1 where there is a tunable circuit between the collector
and the tube input.
291 wherein the electron tube constitutes a coupling
impedance or amplifier between collector and receiver input.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate
subclasses for all lamp and discharge devices, per se, where
significant lamp or discharge device structure only is
claimed, combined with means for modifying the temperature of
the lamp or discharge device, and with separate casing,
jacket, shield, enclosure, or envelope protecting means.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for discharge devices of various types
combined with circuitry for controlling the tube and in which
no load for the tube is claimed.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, particularly 598 for miscellaneous
electron tube devices characterized by special tube
construction or electrode arrangement combined with
sufficient circuitry to control the tube or provide an output
from the tube and not otherwise classifiable.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for various
electron tube devices used as demodulators and not combined
with sufficient structure as to define a complete receiver.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for various electron
tube devices used as amplifiers and not forming a part of
more comprehensive system classifiable elsewhere.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for various electron
tube devices combined with sufficient circuitry to constitute
a free running oscillator system and not forming a
subcombination of a more comprehensive system classified
elsewhere.
Subclass:
295
Modulation distortion or cross talk correction or
elimination:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
including means whereby intermodulation components occurring
in a desired modulated carrier wave input signal, due to
cross-modulation of the desired carrier by an undesired
signal wave, are corrected for or whereby distortions of a
desired modulated carrier wave input signal, which are due to
causes other than interference external to the receiver
system, are corrected for or eliminated.
(1) Note. Some examples of the various sources of
distortion are selective fading, attenuation in the
transmitting medium, cross-talk, etc.
Subclass:
296
Noise or interference elimination:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
having structure to (a) suppress the influence of extraneous
electric or magnetic fields upon receiver circuitry, (b)
prevent radiation of undesired electric or magnetic fields
from the receiver circuitry, or (c) prevent translation
through, or suppress at some point in, the receiver system
any undesired modulation components accompanying a desired
modulation carrier wave input signal which components are due
to electrical disturbances within the useful frequency band
or any undesired carrier wave, which may originate at a
source external to the receiver wave input or collection
means and arrive at the input or collector simultaneously
with the desired modulated carrier wave.
(1) Note. The extraneous fields or undesired components may
be due to external sources or internally generated noises or
disturbances due to microphonica or regenerative effects.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 for complete systems with noise prevention.
175.1 for frequency selection (tuning) means combined with
muting means.
219 for volume control systems combined with noise squelch
means.
278.1 for plural antennas with noise elimination means
connected to a receiver.
283 for subject matter relating to noise or static reduction
or eliminating means within the coupling circuit between a
collector (antenna) means and the input terminals of a
receiver.
295 for receivers with signal intermodulation or cross talk
correction or elimination means.
298 for receivers with hum or interaction prevention means
in the power or bias supply.
317 for frequency modifying or conversion systems including
means for the prevention of unwanted oscillations.
501 for complete systems comprising a plurality of
transmitters or receivers with noise reduction.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 310 for transient reduction by
limiting or clipping, subclasses 379+ for miscellaneous
reduction of gating noise, and subclasses 551+ for
miscellaneous unwanted signal suppression.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifiers with
limiting means.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 600 for systems
for detecting a signal bearing useful information accompanied
by noise.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for object
detection radar systems having noise or interference
prevention means; and subclasses 100+ for directive radio
wave receivers which may have interference prevention means.
348, Television, 607 for noise elimination in television
systems.
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for
multiplex systems having interference suppression.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 285 for
complete systems utilizing pulse modulation and having
distortion or noise prevention means; and subclasses 346+ for
pulse type receivers with interference or noise reduction
means.
Subclass:
297
In vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
wherein the receiver is located in self-propelled movable
conveyance.
(1) Note. For purposes of classification in this class,
aircraft, land vehicles, and water craft are all considered
to be vehicles under the general meaning of the word.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11.1 for mobile radio repeater stations.
95 for mobile or portable transmitters.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 705 for antennas
combined with aircraft; and subclasses 711+ for antennas
combined with other vehicle.
Subclass:
298
Originating in power supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
where the noise or other interference arises in the receiver
power supply.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
343 for receiver power supplies in general.
Subclass:
299
Filter or rectification in power supply energized by
fluctuating or A. C. source:
This subclass is indented under subclass 298. Subject matter
having means to smooth or integrate the current or voltage of
energization before application thereof to the signal
processing components, the energizing circuit also having
means to make the voltage or current unidirectional (i.e.,
D.C.) prior to application to such smoothing or integrating
means, if necessary.
Subclass:
300
By shielding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
wherein the field suppression structure is a field-resistant
body interposed between the field source and the region in
which the suppression is desired.
(1) Note. The body is generally an enclosure containing the
receiver or a portion thereof.
Subclass:
301
Plural or compartmented shielding structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Subject matter
wherein the shielding structure shields plural elements of
the receiver by either (a) including plural shielding
devices, or (b) including compartments in a single device.
Subclass:
302
Image frequency suppression:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
comprising the combination of frequency modifying or
conversion means with significant details of means whereby an
unwanted signal appearing at the output of the conversion
means, and whose frequency differs from the desired signal by
twice the intermediate frequency, is suppressed or
eliminated.
Subclass:
303
Using plural separate signal paths:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
comprising means for receiving a modulated carrier input
signal wave consisting of a plurality of signal translating
channels including at least one main channel, which one
channel includes means for selecting a carrier component
having a first characteristic type of modulation representing
a desired signal as well as a second type of modulation
representing undesired signal disturbances, and at least one
other auxiliary signal translating channel comprising means
for selectively detecting only modulation representing
undesired signal disturbances and means responsive to the
output of both channels to reduce or cancel the effects of
the undesirable signal disturbances.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 349 for a
signal receiver with a noise or interference reduction
circuit comprising plural signal paths.
Subclass:
304
Phase shift in at least one path:
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Subject matter
wherein at least one of the separate signal paths includes
phase shifting or delaying.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 138 for passive
phase delay networks, per se.
Subclass:
305
With balancing or neutralizing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 303. Subject matter
in which the outputs of the plural separate paths are
combined in such a manner as to balance out or neutralize the
modulation representing the undesired signal disturbances.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
283 for receivers with particular noise or static balancing
or neutralizing means coupled between the antenna and
receiver.
Subclass:
306
Filter in at least one path:
This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Subject matter
where at least one signal path offers comparatively little
opposition to certain frequencies or to direct current, while
blocking or attenuating other frequencies.
Subclass:
307
With specific filter structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
which offers comparatively little opposition to certain
frequencies or direct current while blocking or attenuating
other frequencies.
Subclass:
308
With amplitude limiter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
wherein the noise or interference reduction means includes
diode or other amplitude limiting means.
Subclass:
309
In demodulator or low frequency (audio amplifier circuit):
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Subject matter
wherein the diode or other amplitude limiting means is a part
of or associated with the demodulator or audio frequency
circuits of the receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, particularly subclass 321 and 350 for
amplitude limiting in a frequency or amplitude demodulator
respectively.
Subclass:
310
Internally generated noise or oscillations:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
where the noise or other interference that is eliminated is
noise or oscillations which arise from the receiver's own
circuitry (except power supply).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
298 for elimination of noise arising in the receivers power
supply.
Subclass:
311
In radio frequency amplifier, intermediate frequency
amplifier or converter circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
in which the noise or interference reduction means forms an
integral part of or is associated with the circuitry of the
radio frequency amplifier, frequency converter, intermediate
frequency amplifiers of the receiver stages or the coupling
circuit between any two of the three stages.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
307 for noise or interference reduction means comprising
filter means. The filter means may be located anywhere in
the system and may consist of either a single filter or a
plurality of filters.
Subclass:
312
In demodulator or low frequency (e.g., audio frequency)
amplifier circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
wherein the noise or interference reduction means forms an
integral part of or is electrically associated with the
circuitry of the demodulator or the low frequency (e.g.,
audio frequency) amplifier stages of the receiver.
Subclass:
313
Frequency modifying or conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
including means whereby a modulated carrier wave signal is
changed to another carrier frequency, e.g., an intermediate
frequency signal, the frequency of which lies between that of
the modulated input signal and the frequency of the lower
frequency modulating signal.
(1) Note. In this and the indented subclasses the frequency
conversion is usually accomplished by combining a modulated
carrier wave input signal with the output of a local
oscillator means (i.e., by mixer means).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
196.1 for variation of local oscillator frequency combined
with signal frequency selection.
255 for local oscillator frequency control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 424 for nonoptical parametric amplifier frequency
converters, per se.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 76.41 for
systems for measuring, testing, or sensing of electricity by
heterodyning; and subclass 85 for phase comparison systems
utilizing frequency conversion.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 113 for miscellaneous frequency
conversion or control.
331, Oscillators, 37 for beat frequency oscillators.
332, Modulators, appropriate subclasses for modulators in
general.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 6 for radar
receivers which may utilize frequency conversion means; and
subclasses 100+ for directional receivers utilizing frequency
converters.
348, Television, appropriate subclasses for television
systems which may include frequency conversion.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
326 for optical frequency translators.
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for
multiplex systems which may include frequency conversion.
Subclass:
314
Plural separate successive conversions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter
comprising a plurality of separate frequency modifying or
conversion means or stages, the modulated input wave being
passed through the frequency conversion stages in
succession.
Subclass:
315
With plural separate local oscillators:
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Subject matter
including separate local oscillator means combined with at
least two or more of the plural separate conversion means.
Subclass:
316
With frequency stabilization for at least one local
oscillator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Subject matter
including means whereby the output frequency of at least one
of the plurality of separate local oscillator means is
stabilized.
Subclass:
317
Unwanted oscillation or radiation prevention:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter
including frequency modifying or conversion means combined
with other means whereby any unwanted or parasitical
oscillations originating in the receiver circuitry are
eliminated or whereby any oscillations occurring in the
receiver circuitry are prevented from being reradiated from
the receiving antenna.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, for electric
shielding structures in general.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 89 for anti-induction systems in general.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators
having radiation reducing means.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for radar
receivers with reradiation prevention means; and subclasses
100+ for directive systems which may have radiation control.
Subclass:
318
With specified local oscillator structure or coupling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter
including significant details of either (a) at least one
source of unmodulated signal for frequency conversion, or (b)
circuitry connecting a source of unmodulated signal to a
frequency conversion device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
196.1 for signal selection based on frequency including
variation of local oscillator frequency.
255 for control of local oscillator frequency.
Subclass:
319
With particular coupling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Subject matter
including significant details of circuitry whereby the output
of the local oscillator means is coupled to the frequency
modifying or conversion means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
338 for subject matter relating to particular coupling means
between stages of a receiver system.
Subclass:
320
Lumped impedance:
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Systems where
substantially all impedance in the coupling means is
concentrated in components, as distinguished from impedance
due to stray or distributed effects.
Subclass:
321
In a single envelope or with common active element (e.g.,
autodyne):
This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Subject matter
wherein the frequency modifying or conversion means and the
local oscillator means are enclosed in a single envelope.
(1) Note. The combination of means may comprise: (a) a
single triode or diode type tube structure with external
circuitry whereby a local signal is generated and superposed
on a modulated signal input, (b) two or more assemblies of
electrodes to which the local signal and the modulated input
signal are applied, (c) a single assembly of electrodes to
some of which the local signal is applied and to others of
which the modulated wave input is applied. One example of
the subject matter to be found here is the autodyne system in
which the same electron tube device constitutes both an
oscillator and a mixer (1st detector).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 591 for miscellaneous
circuits where an electron tube performs plural functions.
329, Demodulators, 323, 346 and 358+ for diverse types of
demodulators using locally generated oscillations.
331, Oscillators, subclass 58 for oscillators performing
plural functions simultaneously.
Subclass:
322
Plural common electrode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Subject matter
wherein the conversion means and local oscillator means are
combined in a single electron tube having a plurality of
separate control grids.
Subclass:
323
Particular frequency conversion structure or circuitry:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Subject matter
including significant details of the frequency modifying or
conversion means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 113 for miscellaneous frequency
conversion or control.
Subclass:
324
Homodyne (e.g., zero beat or synchrodyne reception):
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Subject matter
comprising frequency conversion or modifying means and
combined with means whereby a local signal wave of the same
frequency as the incoming modulated wave is injected therein
(i.e., zero beat).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, 323, 346 and 358+ use of synchronized
oscillations locally generated in a frequency, phase, or
amplitude demodulator, respectively.
Subclass:
325
Including distributed electrical parameter structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Systems
comprising frequency conversion means including significant
structural elements of such dimensions that their distributed
constants (e.g., inductance, capacitance, resistance, or
conductance) must be taken into account.
(1) Note. The distributed inductance or capacity may be
either in the conversion device or associated circuitry.
(2) Note. The subject matter found here generally consists
of systems where the combination of a detecting element and
structure having distributed electrical parameters and which
system is restricted by disclosure or claims to mixers or
converters. Where the combination is claimed generically
with general detection use suggested in the specification, or
with both mixer and detector use suggested in the
specification, classification is in Class 329, subclasses
160+ or other appropriate subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, subclass 322 and 354 for distributed
parameter structure in a frequency or amplitude demodulator,
respectively.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 43 for travelling wave tube
amplifiers; subclass 44 for electron beam tube amplifiers;
subclass 47 for magnetron amplifiers; and subclass 49 for
electron vacuum tube amplifiers with distributed electrical
parameter elements.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for oscillators with
distributed parameter resonator, particularly subclass 42
for beat frequency oscillators with cavity mixer.
332, Modulators, 129 for distributed parameter structure in
a frequency modulator and subclasses 163+ for distributed
parameter structure in an amplitude modulator.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks appropriate
subclasses for passive wave transmission networks of the
distributed parameter type.
Subclass:
326
With balanced mixer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Systems
including two or more identical frequency conversion devices
arranged in conjugate relationship about a neutral or
grounded point, the output of the system comprising a linear
combination of the separate input signals.
(1) Note. The subject matter to be found here will include
systems in which input signals are applied to the input of
the mixer or conversion devices 180 apart, with the output
signal being derived in additive relationship (i.e.,
push-pull).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, subclass 154 and 180 for push-pull circuits
in an amplitude modulator and subclass 172 for an amplitude
modulator utilizing a bridge circuit.
Subclass:
327
Stripline:
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Systems where
the distributed electrical parameter structure is in the form
of a thin, narrow rectangular strip adjacent to a wide
ground-plane conductor or between two wide ground-plane
conductors.
Subclass:
328
Hollow waveguide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Subject matter
in which the distributed electrical parameter structure is a
transmission line comprising a hollow conducting tube.
Subclass:
329
Electron beam tube:
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Subject matter
wherein the frequency conversion means comprises electron
beam tube means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, appropriate subclasses for a pulse,
frequency, phase or amplitude modulator utilizing electron
beam tubes.
Subclass:
330
With nonlinear impedance (e.g., diode):
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Subject matter
having a device connected to the distributed electrical
parameter structure, said device having an output that does
not rise or fall in direction proportion to the input.
Subclass:
331
Crystal or electron tube diode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Systems and in
which the frequency conversion means consists of crystal or
other type (e.g., electron tube) diode devices of the two
terminal or electrode type. The diodes may be of passive
rectifier type or active such as a negative resistance (e.g.,
tunnel or Esaki diode).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
326 for plural diode mixers forming a balanced mixer
combined with distributed parameter structure.
330 for a diode mixer combined with nonlinear structure.
333 for frequency converters of the semiconductor active
element type having three or more terminals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators and Detectors, 203 for demodulating
devices consisting of diode or two electrode devices.
332, Modulators, 139 for piezoelectric devices in a
frequency modulator, subclass 172 for an amplitude modulator
having a bridge which may include a nonlinear device, and
subclasses 176+ for a nonlinear device in an amplitude
modulator.
Subclass:
332
Push-pull:
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Systems
wherein the frequency conversion means includes two paths for
either the modulated input carrier wave or locally generated
signal wave, or both, which have a common output, the two
paths being connected electrically in parallel with respect
to the input and output of the paths the voltages in the two
paths being 180 of phase with respect to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators
having balanced input.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 118 for push-pull amplifiers.
332, Modulators, subclass 154 and 180 for push-pull circuits
in an amplitude modulator.
Subclass:
333
Transistor or integrated circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Systems
wherein the frequency conversion means comprises an active
element, three or more terminal device or devices constructed
of a semiconductor material having a specific resistance, for
example, of the order of that of germanium, silicon,
selenium, etc. (e.g., transistor).
(1) Note. For specific types of receivers which may include
semiconductor devices, see the pertinent subclass relating to
the particular special type receiver in this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), appropriate subclasses integrated
circuit structure with active solid-state devices, subclass
446 and 499+ for integrated circuit devices with
electrically isolated components, in general, and other
appropriate subclasses for specific type devices in
integrated circuits.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators
using a discrete semiconductor device.
330, Amplifiers, 250 for amplifiers with transistors.
331, Oscillators, 108 for oscillators utilizing transistor
type active element.
348, Television, 659 for natural color television with
mixing.
Subclass:
334
With particular receiver circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
comprising subcombinations peculiarly adapted for use in a
receiver system, and consisting of an electron tube or other
active elements combined with particular electric circuit
means in either the input or output thereof.
(1) Note. This subclass and its indented subclasses provide
for subject matter peculiar to and forming subcombinations of
receiver apparatus which are not sufficiently comprehensively
claimed for classification above in this class, but which
claim sufficient significant structure to exclude the subject
matter claimed from art classified elsewhere. See Search
Notes under subclass 130.
Subclass:
335
Plural diverse function tube or stage (performs plural
functions alternately or concurrently):
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter
including at least one electron space discharge device which
is provided with circuit means for performing at least two
independent functions either simultaneously or selectively.
Subclass:
336
Superregenerative detector or discriminator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Subject matter
comprising systems of the type where, in the detector,
oscillations are alternately allowed to build up and are
quenched at a frequency which is high compared with the
modulation frequency.
(1) Note. The quench voltage may be supplied either by the
detector itself or it may be supplied separately by a
separate quenching oscillator.
(2) Note. The superregenerative devices found here are very
similar to the detector or demodulator systems found in Class
329. However, the superregenerative systems have been
excluded from that class since they are more in the nature of
a combination of amplifier plus a first detector (i.e.,
mixer) in which the input comprises a modulated wave and in
which the output voltage representing the modulating signal.
Therefor, even though the devices to be found here are often
claimed as detectors, they are excluded from the detector
Class 329 and, since this is the generic class for modulated
carrier wave communication systems, they are to be classified
here as wave frequency conversion devices. See section III
under the class definition of Class 329 for a further
understanding of the line of demarcation between the two as
to this subject matter.
Subclass:
337
Discriminator or demodulator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Systems
including discriminator or demodulator means associated with
sufficient significant circuitry so as to be limited to use
in a receiver system.
(1) Note. Some examples of subject matter to be found in
this subclass are detector means in combination with antenna
means and frequency discriminator means deriving an output
other than the modulation signal, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, particularly 2 for miscellaneous
phase discrimination, subclasses 39+ for miscellaneous
frequency discrimination, and subclasses 334+ for a
miscellaneous circuit providing an output which is a
nonlinear function of an input.
329, Demodulators, 315, 345+ and 347+ for frequency, phase or
amplitude demodulators, respectively. See also the Class
Definition of Class 329 for additional relevant areas of
search.
Subclass:
338
Coupling or decoupling between stages:
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Systems
including means whereby two or more stages or systems are
electrically associated in such a manner that electrical
effects in one produce similar effects in the other or
networks are used to prevent interaction or coupling between
two electric circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
280 for receivers with particular coupling means between
antenna and input circuit.
319 for local oscillator with particular coupling.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifiers with
coupling or decoupling means.
331, Oscillators, 74 for oscillators with particular output
coupling networks, per se, comprised of passive elements.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, 24 for coupling
networks, per se, comprised of passive elements.
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for
transformers adapted to be used as coupling means.
Subclass:
339
Band pass filter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 338. Systems
wherein the coupling means comprises a band pass filter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclasses 165-212
for wave filters comprised of passive elements.
Subclass:
340
Variably tunable or adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 338. Systems
wherein the coupling or decoupling means is recited as
variably tunable or adjustable whereby the extent of the
effective coupling or the width of the band passed by the
network may be varied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
191 for band selection receivers with a plurality of tunable
coupled tube stages.
266 for receivers with selectivity or bandwidth control
means.
289 for variable coupling means between antenna and
receiver.
Subclass:
341
Amplifier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Systems
including amplifier means associated with sufficient
significant circuitry so as to be limited to use in a
receiver system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for a demodulator
with associated amplifier.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for specific
amplifiers, per se.
Subclass:
342
Reflex type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Systems
wherein the amplifier is of the reflex type wherein two
signals of different frequencies are amplified in the same
tube.
(1) Note. Most reflex circuits amplify the two signals
simultaneously. For example, the signal may be amplified
once as an i-f signal before detection and again as an a-f
signal after detection.
(2) Note. See the discussion of amplifier means in
combination with other peculiar to radio receivers, in a
single tube, in Note XVII of the Search Notes to Class 330,
Amplifiers, for the classification line between the subject
matter in that class and that contained in this subclass.
(3) Note. Systems comprising the combination of amplifier
means with detector means and wherein the detector means is
claimed in such a way as to comprise merely a feedback signal
source from the output to the input of the amplifier or where
the detector is claimed in broad terms and significant
details of the amplifier are claimed, will be classified
here. Systems comprising significantly claimed detector
means combined with an amplifier means claimed in broad terms
or as serving merely as an input signal source for the
detector means will be classified in Class 329,
Demodulators.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
335 for receivers having a tube or stage for performing
plural functions simultaneously or selectively.
Subclass:
343
With particular power or bias supply (includes battery saving
means and includes self-powered):
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Systems
including significant details of a source of electrical
energy for supplying power to the elements of the receiver or
for supplying biasing potential to the electrodes of the
active elements comprising the elements of the receiver.
(1) Note. Class 327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical
Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems, particularly
subclasses 530+ is the place for miscellaneous circuits
having a specific source of supply or bias voltage. See also
the SEARCH CLASS section thereunder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for means for protecting a transmitter by controlling
the power supply or bias voltage.
127 for transmitters with particular power or bias voltage
supply.
230 for similar receiver circuits having means to control
receiver operation.
298 for a power supply including means to prevent undesired
signals therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators
with power supply.
Subclass:
344
Combined with diverse art device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
wherein the receiver apparatus is combined with other devices
or structures having an added purpose or independent utility
other than to perfect the receiver, and in which the utility
of the other art device is not destroyed or disturbed by the
removal of the receiver and which combination is not provided
for elsewhere.
(1) Note. Where the other art device merely acts as a
temporary support for a receiver and there is no special
structural features which form a cooperating means between
the other art device and the receiver classification will be
elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, 455 for changeable
exhibitors with sound in which the source of the sound may be
a receiver.
102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 214 for fuses
utilizing radiant energy.
178, Telegraphy, 118 for telegraph receivers which may be
combined with other art devices.
194, Check-Actuated Control Mechanisms, appropriate
subclasses for check controlled radio systems combined with
other art devices.
248, Supports, 27.1 for means for supporting an instrument
in a panel.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 9.1
for vehicle mounted systems in which the vehicle may provide
power means for a radio telephone or other receiver means;
and subclass 156 for miscellaneous systems with particular
load device or load device combination.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 7.1 for radio
type cabinets.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 6 for radar
system combined with diverse radio wave systems or
apparatus.
346, Recorders, subclass 37 for recorders combined with a
radio receiver, responsive to the receiver tuning means and
for the purpose of determining the listening habits of the
users of a receiver.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 182 for
single and plural relay circuits that are frequency
responsive. The signal may be derived from the output of a
receiver means.
362, Illumination, appropriate subclasses for combined light
and structure.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, 6 for
combined radio and phonograph systems.
386, Television Signal Processing for Dynamic Recording or
Reproducing, 1 and 46+ for television combined with
recorders.
396, Photography, subclass 434 for a camera combined with a
radio.
446, Amusement Devices: Toys, 116 for figure toys combined
with sound in which the figure may act as a receptacle for a
receiver.
Subclass:
345
With vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Subject matter
wherein the diverse art device is a self-propelled movable
conveyance in which the receiver is mounted.
(1) Note. For purpose of classification in this class,
aircraft, land vehicles, and water craft are all considered
to be vehicles under the general meaning of the word.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11.1 for mobile radio repeater stations.
95 for mobile or portable transmitters.
152 for remote control of the tuning of a vehicle receiver.
297 for noise elimination or vehicle receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 705 for antennas
combined with aircraft; and subclasses 711+ for antennas
combined with other vehicles.
Subclass:
346
Detachable for portability:
This subclass is indented under subclass 345. Subject matter
wherein the cooperating means between the vehicle and
receiver is operable to permit release of the receiver to
operate in an easily carried, self-contained manner.
Subclass:
347
Cabinet, housing, or chassis structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
including structural details of an enclosure surrounding, or
a framework supporting, the electrical components of the
receiver.
(1) Note. The cabinet structures in this and the indented
subclasses must include specific structure of a receiver or
an element thereof, otherwise such structure is classified as
a cabinet, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
66 for spaced transmitter and receiver systems combined with
other art devices.
128 for transmitters with casing or housing.
344 for receivers combined with other art devices where the
other art device may also furnish an enclosure or support for
the receiver means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, 50 for boxes
and housings limited by claimed structure to electrical use
but having no characteristic limiting them to particular
electrical equipment; and subclasses 250+ for printed circuit
arrangements of general utility.
181, Acoustics, 148 for a diaphragm mounted in a cabinet.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 7.1 for cabinets
or enclosures especially designed to house radio apparatus
absent electrical component structure; see (1) Note, above.
348, Television, 787, 789, and 836+ for structural details of
cabinet or chassis for television systems.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 331 for
boxes and mountings in combination with electrical apparatus
having no significant art limitation, or boxes and mounting
in combination with plural diverse electrical apparatus,
particularly subclass 101 for radio type components with
housing or mounting means including modules.
Subclass:
348
With retractable or readily detachable chassis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter
wherein the structure includes means whereby a chassis
structure is retractably, hingedly, or detachably supported
within the cabinet structure.
Subclass:
349
Sectional or interconnectable (e.g., modules):
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter
wherein the receiver components are separately housed in
separate containers or supported in groups or units each of
the containers groups or units being separable from the
others.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, 50 for
electrical boxes and housings; and subclasses 250+ for
preformed panel circuit arrangements, per se.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 380 for
radio-type electrical apparatus comprised of plural
components with spacing or mounting means (e.g., modules and
for switchboards and analogous devices utilizing printing
circuitry.
439, Electrical Connectors, subclass 17 for detachable
connectors comprising preformed panel circuit arrangement,
e.g., printed circuit devices.
Subclass:
350
With particular speaker mounting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter
wherein there are details of a support for a speaker in the
receiver.
Subclass:
351
Transportable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter
wherein the receiver is of such size and shape as to be
readily carried by or supported by a person.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 for portable repeaters.
95 for portable transmitters.
575 for portable transceivers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 250 for radio and microwave
frequency meters which may be portable.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 100 for directive
receiver systems comprising receivers which may be carried on
the person; and subclass 718 for antennas adapted to be body
attached or connected.
Subclass:
352
Remote control of receiver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Subject matter
wherein the operation of the receiver is controlled by at
least one or more devices from a point geos:graphically
spaced from the receiver.
(1) Note. The control system to be found in this and
indented subclasses will include both means whereby the
control function is performed electrically from a remote
point over intervening wired or radio circuits and means
whereby the control function is performed mechanically by
mechanical means such as a Bowden wire or flexible shaft.
(2) Note. The term geos:graphically spaced means located at
a distance of an order of magnitude comparable to, or greater
than the receiver dimensions.
(3) Note. Radio wave remote control of a receiver, per se,
is classified herein. Radio wave remote control of an
external device (e.g., garage door opener) is classified in
Class 340, subclasses 694+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4.1 for remote control of a distribution system.
31.1 for systems with receiver selection (e.g., selective
calling).
68 for systems having a transmitter and a receiver at
separate location with signal control.
88 for a transceiver controlling a separate transceiver or
receiver.
92 for remote control of a transmitter.
151.1 for receivers with remote control of channel or
station selection (e.g., tuning).
227 for a receiver responsive to an input signal of a
particular predetermined frequency which may be used to
remotely control the receiver.
345 for remote control of a vehicle receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 10 for shaft operators of
the radio tuner type which may be remotely controlled.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass .02 for
electric motor control and clutch which may be utilized in
radio receiver control means.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate
subclasses for switch means, per se, particularly 35 for
clock controlled switching means.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 116
for condition responsive switching systems.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclass 16 for
electric motor control systems.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 518 for miscellaneous control
circuits.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for automatic
control of a demodulator.
330, Amplifiers, 127 for amplifier means combined with means
to control the power supply or bias voltage.
331, Oscillators, 1 for oscillators combined with automatic
frequency stabilization means; subclasses 175+ for the
frequency stabilization means; subclasses 177+ for frequency
adjusting means; and subclasses 182+ for amplitude control or
stabilization means for oscillators.
332, Modulators, appropriate subclasses for modulators
combined with control means.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate
subclasses for passive element networks with control means or
having a controlling function. For example, subclass 16 for
pilot current controlled networks; subclasses 17.1+ of
automatically controlled networks; and subclass 81 for
attenuators.
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for
transformers or inductive devices with controlling means.
338, Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for
electrical resistance elements with control means,
particularly 68 for mechanically variable resistors.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.69 and 825.72
for remote control signalling or indicating systems; subclass
539 for an alarm system automatically responsive to a
condition with a radio coupling link; and subclass 696 for a
transmitter used for remote control.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, 5 for radar
systems with control means; and subclasses 100+ for directive
systems with control means.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
142 for light wave remote control of an external device.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 182 for
radio control of a relay end element.
Subclass:
353
Plural conditions from remote station:
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter
wherein two or more operation conditions of a receiver are
controlled from a remote control device; e.g., volume and
frequency.
Subclass:
354
Mechanical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 353. Subject matter
wherein the remote control device is a mechanical means
utilized to vary one or more conditions of a receiver
circuit.
Subclass:
355
Amplitude, volume, or gain control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 352. Subject matter
including means for adjusting the signal level (amplitude),
amplification (volume), or gain of the receiver system as a
function of the transmitted control signal from a remote
point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
232.1 for nonremote means to control the gain, volume, or
gain control of a receiver.
Subclass:
400
HAVING SINGLE-CHANNEL TELEPHONE CARRIER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein a single telephone speech signal on
wired link modulates a carrier signal which has a frequency
above the range of human audibility.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 485 for transmission of more
than a single telephone signal on a carrier.
Subclass:
401
Including call signaling (e.g., ringing, off-hook, dialing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter
which performs a call related signaling operation distinct
from voice information.
(1) Note. These signals are of predetermined frequency and
perform the same functions as DC signals in a noncarrier
telephone system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
567 for a radiotelephone call alerting.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 31 for testing of a
call signaling arrangement and subclasses 164, 179+, 251+,
350+, and 418 for various telephone call signaling
arrangements.
Subclass:
402
Over power line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 400. Subject matter
wherein a modulated telephone carrier is transmitted over a
power line electrical conductor.
(1) Note. Included herein are residential type plug-in
intercoms.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3.3 for distribution system combined with power distribution
network.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 310.01 for electrical
signaling over a power line.
370, Multiplex Communications, 485 for combining or
distributing information via carrier frequency channels which
may be transmitted over a power line.
379, Telephonic Communications, 167 for a general intercom
system.
Subclass:
403
RADIOTELEPHONE SYSTEM:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein voice communication is established
between a base and a mobile transceiver via a wireless
carrier wave channel that is allocated for use during a
communication link and wherein the mobile transceiver has a
specific assigned call address number.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
550 for radiotelephone equipment detail.
Subclass:
404
Emergency or alarm communication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
which includes summoning response to an urgent or hazardous
situation over a radiotelephone.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 287 for a signal box alarm
arrangement.
379, Telephonic Communications, 37 for an emergency or alarm
communication in a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
405
Usage measurement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
which determines an amount of provided service, such as a
time length, number, or frequency of radiotelephone usage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for audience survey or program distribution use
accounting.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, 1 for television use survey and
accounting.
379, Telephonic Communications, 111 for usage measurement in
a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
406
Billing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Subject matter
which computes a cost of usage or receives a radiotelephone
subscriber payment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, subclass 3 for television use accounting
with a billing feature.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 464.1
for cost computing using significant computer data
processing.
379, Telephonic Communications, 114 for landline telephone
call charge metering or monitoring.
Subclass:
407
At subscriber unit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Subject matter
wherein the billing is performed at the radiotelephone
terminal.
Subclass:
408
At remote station:
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Subject matter
wherein the billing is performed at a place other than the
radiotelephone terminal.
Subclass:
409
Rental:
This subclass is indented under subclass 405. Subject matter
including a service radiotelephone that is available for use
in return for a periodic payment.
Subclass:
410
Security or fraud prevention:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
having a provision for defeating or indicating an attempt to
use the radiotelephone system without a proper authorization
or control function.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 189 for a fraud or
improper use mitigation or indication of a landline
telephone.
Subclass:
411
Privacy, lock-out, or authentication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter
which permits use of the radiotelephone system only by an
authorized subscriber or transceiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 161 for exclusion
or priority in a multi-line or key substation system,
subclasses 168+ for lockout in an intercom or single line
system, subclass 184 for lockout in a polystation or party
line system, and subclasses 194+ for lockout or double use
signaling of a landline telephone.
380, Cryptography, subclasses 247-250 for cellular
telephone cryptographic authentication.
Subclass:
412
Message storage or retrieval:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone system is combined with a
structure for retention of a message signal or for
reproduction thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
365, Static Information Storage and Retrieval, appropriate
subclasses for a static memory element or system, per se.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, appropriate
subclasses for audio information storage or retrieval, per
se.
379, Telephonic Communications, 67.1 for a message storage
or retrieval within a landline telephone network.
395, Information Processing System Organization, 2.09 for
speech signal processing.
Subclass:
413
Voice mail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Subject matter
wherein the message signal is an intelligible human sound.
Subclass:
414
Special service:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
including a switching, connection, or control function
additional to those necessary to establish and maintain a
single call connection between two stations.
(1) Note. These services generally involve three or more
stations or two or more call connections.
(2) Note. Examples of such special services are
conferencing, call forwarding or transfer, call waiting,
etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 259 for special services
combined with multiplex switching.
379, Telephonic Communications, 157 for special services on
a key telephone system and subclasses 201+ for special
services within a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
415
Caller identification:
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Subject matter
which provides either a visible indication or a permanent or
semi-permanent record of the calling telephone number
terminal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 120 for a calling
number identification on a hardcopy call charge record,
subclass 142 for a caller identification within a landline
telephone network, and subclasses 264+ for a line
identification at a central switching facility.
Subclass:
416
Call conferencing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Subject matter
which enables three or more terminals to be included in a
single call connection.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 260 for conferencing using a
multiplex communication technique.
379, Telephonic Communications, 202 for a call conferencing
within a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
417
Call diversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 414. Subject matter
for directing a call connection from an addressed
radiotelephone station to another destination.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, 210 for a call diversion
within a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
418
Programming control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
comprising an operation controlling logic which modifies
operating characteristics of the radiotelephone system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 514
for communication engineering having significant computer
programming in the controlling process.
Subclass:
419
Remote programming control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter
wherein the programming control is generated at a place other
than the location of a device which is being programmed.
Subclass:
420
Control of another apparatus:
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Subject matter
wherein the programming control is remotely generated to
control a nonradiotelephone system or device.
Subclass:
421
Out-of-range indication:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
wherein a visual or audible signal indicates to a mobile user
that he or she is approaching or beyond a communication
area.
(1) Note. This subclass may use a signal quality
measurement as a parameter for an out-of-range
determination.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
456 for location monitoring which does not have an
out-of-range signaling feature.
Subclass:
422
Zoned or cellular telephone system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
including plural stations providing service to different
geos:graphical areas.
(1) Note. Cellular systems are characterized by a large
number of base stations enabling channel reuse.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 328 for multiplex
communication in a system having a plurality of contiguous
regions served by respective fixed stations.
Subclass:
423
Diagnostic testing, malfunction indication, or electrical
condition measurement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
for evaluating or monitoring the condition of a zoned or
cellular radiotelephone system in order to determine the
presence of a faulty or nonstandard condition.
(1) Note. Testing to determine which one of several normal
status conditions of the system exist (e.g., busy-idle,
off-hook) is not classified in this or indented subclasses.
(2) Note. Location determination for a mobile station is
not classified herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67.1 for measuring, testing, or monitoring of a system
having a transmitter and receiver at separate stations.
115 for measuring, testing, or monitoring of a transmitter.
226.1 for measuring or testing of a receiver.
456 for a mobile unit location determination.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate
subclasses for an electrical measurement or test not limited
to a telephone instrument or system.
340, Communications: Electrical, 635 for fault indication
of an electrical apparatus or an electrical parameter.
379, Telephonic Communications, 1 for diagnostic testing,
malfunction indication, or electrical condition measurement
within a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
424
System equipment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter
wherein the evaluation, measuring, or monitoring is of a
wireless network equipment.
Subclass:
425
Subscriber equipment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 423. Subject matter
wherein the evaluation, measuring, or monitoring is of a
mobile user's equipment.
Subclass:
426
Including other radio communication system (e.g., cordless
telephone, paging, trunking, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
comprising both a noncellular radio communication and a
cellular radiotelephone system.
Subclass:
427
Space satellite:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein a man-made vehicle orbiting the earth is used to
relay communication signals between stations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12.1 for noncellular satellite communications systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and
Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 352 for directive
communication which includes a satellite.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, digest 2 for a
satellite mounted antenna.
370, Multiplex Communications, 316 for a space satellite
repeater in a multiplex communication system.
Subclass:
428
Switching or routing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
which selects a suitable satellite in a constellation or an
antenna beam within a satellite to relay communication
signals.
(1) Note. A satellite usually has more than one antenna
beam; each beam covers a particular area on earth via
satellite projection.
Subclass:
429
Cell projection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
including a layout detail of a particular geos:graphical area
on earth being served by the satellite.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
446 for other particular cell planning techniques.
Subclass:
430
Ground station control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter
including an earth based station for monitoring and
controlling the communication relay operations of the space
satellite.
Subclass:
431
Airborne or aircraft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein a space deployed station or an airplane is used as a
communication station or as a relay communicating station.
(1) Note. The space deployed station in this subclass may
be a balloon or blimp.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
427 for an earth orbiting satellite in a cellular telephone
system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and
Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), appropriate
subclasses for aircraft directive communication in a
noncellular communication system.
Subclass:
432
Roaming:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein a mobile station operates in a cellular system other
than the system where the mobile station is subscribed.
Subclass:
433
Home location registration (HLR) or visitor location
registration (VLR) detail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter
having a particular detail of a subscribed or a transitional
database which serves the roaming operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
435 for a procedure of registration to a service area.
Subclass:
434
Control or access channel scanning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein the mobile station searches all available overhead
message trains in the system in order to obtain information
about each cell prior to a registration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
32.1 for a system with receiver selection wherein the
receiver scans for an address signal.
515 for a noncellular control or access channel scanning.
Subclass:
435
Registration:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
including a procedure by which a mobile station identifies
itself to the radiotelephone system as being located within
its service area.
Subclass:
436
Handoff:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein a mobile station during a call is switched from a
first to a second serving base station, which may be located
in different cells (inter-handoff) or located within a cell
(intra-handoff).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 331 for handoff control in a
multiplex communication system.
Subclass:
437
Mobile assisted or initiated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein the mobile station plays a role in the determination
of the new serving base station.
(1) Note. This is an automatic process which is generated
without user participation.
Subclass:
438
Serving site initiated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein the currently serving base station sends a request to
a mobile telephone switching center to handoff a call.
Subclass:
439
Handoff initiated by another source (e.g., target, user
initiated, mobile switching center (MSC), or mobile
telephone switching office (MTSO), etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein a site other than the serving base station or the
mobile station originates the handoff.
(1) Note. The other sources may be a mobile telephone
switching office (MTSO), a mobile switching center (MSC), a
new serving base station (target), or a user of the mobile
unit.
Subclass:
440
Based upon unit location:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein the handoff is based on a mobile station position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
456 for a location monitoring in a noncellular system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 988 for vehicle position
indication.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and
Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 450 for position
indication in a nonradiotelephone cellular system.
Subclass:
441
Based upon unit velocity:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein the handoff is based on a mobile station speed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 936 for vehicle
speed or over speed detection.
Subclass:
442
Soft handoff:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
wherein the mobile station maintains its assigned channel
while entering a new cell (e.g., make before break).
Subclass:
443
Overlapping cells:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
including the handoff in a special situation where the mobile
unit is in a common area between cells.
Subclass:
444
Between macro and micro cells:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436. Subject matter
including a technique dealing with handoff between cells
having significantly different coverage areas.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
449 for a hierarchical cell structure layout.
Subclass:
445
Call routing (e.g., to prevent backhaul, routing efficiency,
least cost, or alternate routing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
involving the assignment of a communication path by which
information is carried to its destination.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
560 for detail of a switching unit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 216 for alternate routing in
the case of fault, subclass 238 for least cost or minimum
delay routing, and subclasses 351+ for path finding or
routing in a multiplex switching system.
Subclass:
446
Including cell planning or layout:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
including a design of cell architecture of the cellular
telephone system.
Subclass:
447
Frequency reuse scheme:
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter
wherein the cellular system is divided into smaller coverage
areas in which a frequency can be simultaneously assigned to
different coverage areas with minimum interference.
Subclass:
448
Co-located systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter
wherein a second cellular system is added to an existing
cellular system at the same location.
Subclass:
449
Hierarchical cell structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone system contains a site having
cells organized into ranks, each subordinate to the one above
it (e.g., pico, micro, and macro cells, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
444 for handoff between macro and micro cells.
Subclass:
450
Channel allocation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein a mobile station is assigned a communication resource
(e.g., frequency, time slot, etc.) for communications.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
464 for a channel allocation in a private cordless extension
system.
509 for a centralized channel allocation in a general
telecommunication, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 329 for channel assignment in
a region partitioning multiplex communication system,
subclass 341 for channel assignment in a radio trunking
multiplex communication, and subclasses 431+ for channel
assignment in a general multiplex communication, per se.
Subclass:
451
Hybrid allocation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 450. Subject matter
including a combination of dynamic and fixed channel
allocation.
Subclass:
452
Dynamic allocation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 450. Subject matter
wherein a channel is variably assigned.
Subclass:
453
Load balancing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 450. Subject matter
wherein a channel is assigned based on the density of the
communication traffic.
Subclass:
454
Spectrum sharing for different type of system (e.g.,
point-to-point microwave, television, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 450. Subject matter
wherein the cellular system utilizes frequency bands common
to other types of systems for allocating channel.
Subclass:
455
Channel seizing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein a mobile station identifies and commandeers a
channel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
516 for channel seizing in a telecommunication between
nonradiotelephone transmitters and receivers.
Subclass:
456
Location monitoring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
including means to determine the position of a mobile
station.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
440 for handoff control based on location.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 988 for vehicle location
indication.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 450 for directive position
indicating in noncellular and non-radiotelephone systems.
Subclass:
457
Location display:
This subclass is indented under subclass 456. Subject matter
wherein the location of the mobile station is visibly
indicated.
Subclass:
458
Specific paging technique:
This subclass is indented under subclass 422. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone system summons a mobile station in
a particular manner after an incoming call has been placed to
the mobile station.
Subclass:
459
Meet-me system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Subject matter
wherein an incoming call is parked while the radiotelephone
system summons the mobile unit and when a response is
received the radiotelephone system either connects the call
or instructs the responding mobile unit on how to connect to
the parked call (e.g., giving a call back number).
Subclass:
460
Auto-dialing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 458. Subject matter
wherein the summons contains a call back number which is
stored in the mobile station in order to generate an
automatic call back.
Subclass:
461
Including personal numbering system (i.e., intelligent
network for subscriber tracking or follow-me subscriber
feature):
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
wherein a radiotelephone unit temporarily acquires a user's
personal number that allows that user to make or receive
calls independently of both a network access point and a
specific telephone unit.
Subclass:
462
Including private cordless extension system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
wherein a base transceiver having direct connection to a
landline telephone switching system provides restricted
telephony access to a pre-selected cordless extension unit.
(1) Note. Equipment for the private cordless extension is
not placed in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
550 for an equipment detail of the private cordless
extension.
Subclass:
463
Multi-users:
This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Subject matter
wherein the restricted telephony access is provided to more
than one preselected cordless extension unit.
Subclass:
464
Channel selection or allocation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 462. Subject matter
wherein a preselected cordless extension unit is assigned a
communication resource (e.g., frequency, time slot, etc.) for
communications.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
450 for a channel allocation in a cellular telephone
system.
509 for a centralized channel allocation in a general
telecommunication, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 329 for channel assignment in
a region partitioning multiplex communication system,
subclass 341 for channel assignment in a radio trunking
multiplex communication, and subclasses 431+ for channel
assignment in a general multiplex communication, per se.
Subclass:
465
Including public cordless extension system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
including a base transceiver which provides direct connection
to a landline switching system for any cordless extension
unit (i.e., access is not restricted to a preselected set of
cordless extension units).
Subclass:
466
Auxiliary data signaling (e.g., short message service
(SMS)):
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
including transmission of additional data messages which are
nondestructive to voice communication.
(1) Note. Auxiliary data signaling is widely used in
cellular digital packet data transmission (CDPD) or in short
message service (SMS).
(2) Note. Nominal recitations of CDPD or SMS with
significant radiotelephone system are classified herein. For
significant CDPD or SMS, see SEARCH CLASS note below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 328 and 349 for cellular
digital packet data transmission and subclasses 496 and 522
for signaling in a frequency division and time division
multiplex communication system, respectively.
Subclass:
500
Plural transmitters or receivers (i.e., more than two
stations):
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
including a plurality of separate and distinct transmitters,
or receivers, or transmitter-receiver assemblies, which are
physically located at a distance from each other and not
restricted by claimed subject matter to other art classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7 for a repeater which may employ plural transmitters or
receivers.
403 for a radiotelephone system wherein the intelligence to
be conveyed is voice and which includes significant telephone
exchange or landline structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825 and 870.11+ for
electrical communications in general which may have more than
one transmitter or receiver.
Subclass:
501
Noise, distortion, or singing reduction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Subject matter
wherein any undesired electrical disturbance within the
useful frequency band arising from sources internal or
external to the system (e.g., crosstalk, power induction,
atmospheric noise, etc.); or any undesired self-sustained
oscillation existing in the system; or other unwanted signal
tending to interfere with the operation of the system is
reduced or prevented entirely.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for failure compensation in repeaters.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 272 for similar
subject matter in a frequency shift keying system, subclasses
279+ for similar subject matter in a phase shift keyed
system, subclass 285 for similar subject matter in a pulse
modulated carrier wave system in general, subclass 313 for a
key click prevention in a pulse modulated carrier wave keying
circuit, and subclasses 346+ for similar subject matter in a
pulse modulated carrier wave receiver.
379, Telephonic Communications, 338 for a telephone repeater
with echo suppressing or anti-singing circuits.
Subclass:
502
Synchronized stations:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter
wherein stations in a system are regulated such that each
station transmits a carrier wave of the same frequency and
phase as those carriers transmitted by the other stations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, subclass 350 and subclasses
503+ for synchronization in a wireless and in a general
multiplex communication system, respectively.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 272 for a
synchronized frequency shift keying and subclasses 354+ for
synchronizers.
Subclass:
503
Simulcast system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Subject matter
in which a plurality of remote site transmitters
simultaneously broadcast identical audio or data message
signals on a particular carrier frequency and a receiving
site positioned between two or more transmitting sites
receives equal strength carrier signals from each remote
transmitter, the message signals from the transmitters being
synchronized in time.
Subclass:
504
Fading compensation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter
having a device which corrects the undesired variation in
amplitude of a received modulated carrier wave.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for fading compensation in a repeating system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, subclass 345 for
automatic gain control in a pulse modulated carrier wave
receiver.
Subclass:
505
Due to weather:
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Subject matter
wherein the undesired variation in amplitude of a received
modulated carrier wave is due to conditions such as: rain,
snow, or disturbances in the upper atmosphere, which scatter
the signals.
Subclass:
506
Rayleigh or multipath fading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Subject matter
wherein signal fading is caused by cancellation and
reinforcement of signal contributions received over separate
paths.
Subclass:
507
Central station (e.g., master, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Subject matter
having a main station which has at least one
transmitter-receiver assembly and a plurality of satellite
stations, the satellite stations being connected to the main
station by line wire or other means.
(1) Note. The central station may receive messages
transmitted by modulated carrier waves from an external
source or from one or more satellite stations within the
system and selectively transmit the received messages to all
satellite receivers, to a selected satellite receiver, or to
a receiver external to the system.
(2) Note. The satellite receivers may be capable of
communicating with each other without the intervention of the
central station, but in order to communicate with a station
external to the system, the communication must go through the
central station.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
403 for a radiotelephone system which may include a central
station.
561 for a radiotelephone base station equipment detail.
Subclass:
508
Having console:
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Subject matter
having details of an operating control board which monitors
the system automatically or via an operator.
Subclass:
509
Channel allocation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Subject matter
wherein a communication station is assigned a communication
resource (e.g., frequency, time slot, etc.) for
communications.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
450 for channel allocation in a cellular system.
464 for channel allocation in a radiotelephone system
including a private cordless extension system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, 329 for channel assignment in
a region partitioning multiplex communication system,
subclass 341 for channel assignment in a radio trunking
multiplex communication, and subclasses 431+ for channel
assignment in a general multiplex communication, per se.
Subclass:
510
Plural requests (e.g., retries):
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter
wherein a station makes repeated attempts for obtaining a
communication channel.
Subclass:
511
Control channel/voice channel conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter
wherein a communication channel can be dynamically assigned
as a signaling channel or a voice channel.
Subclass:
512
Based on priority:
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter
wherein an order of importance is assigned to certain
communication channels requested from different subscriber
stations attempting to gain access to the system at the same
time.
Subclass:
513
Ranking (e.g., based on signal strength, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter
wherein signal quality parameters (e.g., signal strength,
interference level, etc.) of a plurality of communication
channels are used in selecting a particular channel for
assignment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for optimum frequency selection.
Subclass:
514
Having storage detail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter
having a provision for retaining information regarding a
selected channel for aiding in the channel assignment.
Subclass:
515
Control channel monitoring (i.e., paging or access channel
signaling) for system access:
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Subject matter
which scans information broadcast on a plurality of paging or
signaling channels in order to select an appropriate paging
or signaling channel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161.1 for frequency scanning by a receiver.
434 for control or access channel scanning in a zoned or
cellular system.
Subclass:
516
Channel seizing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Subject matter
wherein a station desiring to transmit commandeers a
channel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
455 for channel seizing in a zoned or cellular system.
Subclass:
517
To or from mobile station:
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Subject matter
in which one or more of the subscriber stations is movable or
portable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11.1 for a mobile repeater system.
403 for a mobile radiotelephone system.
575 for a portable or mobile transceiver.
Subclass:
518
Having talk group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 517. Subject matter
wherein a common identification is assigned to a particular
group of subscriber stations such that any member of the
group can transceive information to one another.
Subclass:
519
Talk group forming (e.g., dynamic regrouping, talk group
assignment):
This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Subject matter
which assigns a subscriber station to a particular
communication group.
Subclass:
520
On-site or multi-site trunking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 518. Subject matter
which includes co-existing trunking systems operating in the
same geos:graphical area or a trunking system having more
than one base station.
(1) Note. A trunking system is a system comprising one or
more base sites, a resource controller, and a number of
subscribers which share a limited number of communication
resources. The resource controller grants only upon request
via the base site a communication channel to any subscriber
desiring the service. The base site in the trunking system
supports a much larger coverage area than that of a cellular
base station.
Subclass:
521
Emergency dispatch or response:
This subclass is indented under subclass 517. Subject matter
which handles an urgent communication at either the central
station or at the subscriber station.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
404 for an emergency and alarm communication in a
radiotelephone system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, 37 for emergency or alarm
communication using a landline telephone.
Subclass:
522
Transmission power control technique:
This subclass is indented under subclass 517. Subject matter
having detail of a technique for regulating the intensity of
signals transmitted between stations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for controlling of a transmitter's parameter by control
signal feedback from the receiver.
Subclass:
523
Using radiating transmission line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 517. Subject matter
wherein a signal transmission line extends along the path of
a mobile station and that transmission line constitutes the
transmitting or receiving antenna of a fixed station.
Subclass:
524
Multiple base stations:
This subclass is indented under subclass 517. Subject matter
wherein more than one fixed station is capable of
communication with at least one mobile station.
Subclass:
525
Base station selection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 524. Subject matter
having details of a technique for switching between base
stations.
Subclass:
526
Plural receivers tuned to common frequency:
This subclass is indented under subclass 507. Subject matter
in which all or a subgroup of satellite receivers are tuned
to a common carrier wave signal frequency.
(1) Note. For example, tuning to a traffic broadcasting or
tornado warning over a radio frequency, etc.
Subclass:
527
Break-in or priority override:
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Subject matter
wherein a transmitting operator permits reception of an
incoming signal in the interval between his or her own
transmitted signals based on an order of importance assigned
to the incoming signal.
(1) Note. If the operator at a central station prevents all
the receivers in the system from intercepting a message,
except the one for which the message is intended,
classification is not in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.1 for a system with receiver selection wherein not all
the receivers in the system can intercept the incoming
message, except the one for which the message is intended.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825.5 for selective
systems with priority override.
Subclass:
528
Lockout or busy-idle signaling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Subject matter
wherein a transmitting operator may prevent other
transmitters in the system from operating or may generate a
signal indicating the status of the transmitting channel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 825.5 for selective
systems including lockout authority.
Subclass:
550
Radiotelephone equipment detail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
wherein the transceiver is dedicated for two-way voice or
data communication via a switched telephone network.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
90 for a transceiver or radiotelephone housing structure
which has no attached circuitry.
403 for a radiotelephone system.
575 for a portable or mobile transceiver which contains no
telephonic recitations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, 419 for telephone equipment
details within a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
551
Number assignment module (NAM) detail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
having a memory storage detail denoting an identification
number (e.g., a home system registration number, a telephone
number, etc.) of a radiotelephone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
564 for a repertory dialing feature such as a stored
number.
Subclass:
552
Operable on more than one system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone can be used on at least two
systems which may utilize different operating standards.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
432 for a system in which a radiotelephone is a roamer.
Subclass:
553
Dual mode telephone (i.e., analog and digital):
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone contains components which allow
communication with both continuous and discrete signal
systems.
Subclass:
554
Remote private branch exchange (PBX) with wireless link to
landline:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein a distant telephone switching unit (private branch
exchange) is equipped to communicate via radio frequency
connection in place of a wire-line link (e.g., trunk) to a
wired telephone system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, 156 for details of a PBX
within a landline telephone network.
Subclass:
555
Wireless private branch exchange (PBX) (i.e., wireless link
to extension unit):
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein a telephone switching unit is equipped to communicate
via radio frequency link to a wireless extension unit.
Subclass:
556
Integrated with other device (e.g., electronic notebook,
personal digital assistant, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone is incorporated within a device
which performs a diverse function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
344 for receiver combined with diverse art devices.
Subclass:
557
Interface attached device (e.g., interface with modem,
facsimile, computer, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone has an adaptive circuitry or a
connecting device which transfers signals to or from another
device or element.
Subclass:
558
Card control element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 557. Subject matter
wherein the interface is an insertable module which assumes a
controlling function in the transferring of signals (e.g.,
smart card).
(1) Note. This subclass deals with detail of the card or
control element circuitry. For a system with billing
capability by inserting a card, see search note below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
407 for a system in which a module is used for billing at
the subscriber unit.
Subclass:
559
Smart cable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 557. Subject matter
wherein the interface is a wired connection which contains
logic circuitry.
Subclass:
560
Switching unit detail (e.g., mobile telephone switching
office (MTSO), base station controller (BSC), etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
including a structural detail of a control station which
performs a routing function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 for call routing in a zoned or cellular telephone
system.
Subclass:
561
Base station detail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
including a structural configuration detail of a mobile
communication serving site.
Subclass:
562
Having specific antenna arrangement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 561. Subject matter
wherein the base station includes a particular detail of its
aerial arrangement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
272 for diversity antenna details.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, appropriate
subclasses for a particular antenna configuration, per se.
Subclass:
563
Having voice recognition or synthesization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein an input speech signal controls the operation of the
radiotelephone equipment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 2.09 for
speech signal processing.
Subclass:
564
Auto-dialing or repertory dialing (e.g., using bar code,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein a complete call address signal is produced in
response to a simple actuation.
(1) Note. For example, by actuating a single key or by
scanning an encoded pattern printed on a card.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
460 for auto paging in a cellular telephone system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 216 and 355+ for
repertory or abbreviated call signal generation.
Subclass:
565
Restrictive dialing circuitry:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
having circuitry to disable or confine the output of a call
address signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 200 for restrictive
dialing circuitry in a landline telephone substation.
Subclass:
566
Having display:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
having visual presentation of a signal.
Subclass:
567
Call alerting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
having indication of an incoming call signal (e.g.,
ringing).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 418 for call signal
generating in a landline telephone substation.
Subclass:
568
Headgear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone equipment is wearable upon the
head of a user.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 430 for headgear in
a landline telephone substation.
Subclass:
569
Hands-free or loudspeaking arrangement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone equipment contains a special
arrangement of its speech-to-electricity transducer component
or any particular arrangement which allows communication
without requiring a user to hold or be in physical contact
with the radiotelephone.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 420 for a landline
telephone terminal having loudspeaking conversation
capability (e.g., hands-free type or speakerphone).
Subclass:
570
Noise suppression or echo cancellation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 569. Subject matter
wherein any undesired electrical disturbance occurring in
signal paths between loudspeaker and microphone circuitry is
reduced or prevented.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
370, Multiplex Communications, subclass 278 and 282+ for
transmit/receive interaction control in a wireless and in a
general duplex communication system, respectively,
particularly subclasses 286+ for echo cancellation.
379, Telephonic Communications, 389 for loudspeaker with
circuitry for voice control of transmission direction,
subclasses 391+ for sidetone control, and subclasses 406+ for
echo suppression in a telephone substation or terminal
circuitry.
Subclass:
571
Power booster:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
having circuitry connected to the radiotelephone to raise the
transmitted output level.
Subclass:
572
Power supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Subject matter
including significant details of a source of electrical
energy for supplying power to the radiotelephone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
127 for power or bias voltage supply in a radio
transmitter.
343 for power or bias voltage supply in a radio receiver.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 43
for plural power supply circuits in an electrical
transmission or interconnection system.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
appropriate subclasses for power supply in general.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 530 for a specific source of supply
having nonlinear circuitry.
Subclass:
573
Battery charging:
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Subject matter
having details of the charging or recharging of a DC voltage
source.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
320, Electricity: Battery and Condenser Charging and
Discharging, appropriate subclasses for battery charging in
general.
Subclass:
574
Power conservation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Subject matter
wherein the radiotelephone equipment contains energy saving
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 544 for power conservation
using nonlinear circuitry.
Subclass:
575
Portable or mobile:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Subject matter
wherein the transceiver either (a) is together with the power
supply self-contained, of such shape and size as to be
readily transportable by an average person and operable
during such transport; or (b) has structure specifically
designed to permit movement (e.g., wheels) or for mounting in
or upon a vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11.1 for a portable or mobile repeater.
90 for transceiver housing or support means other than those
specifically providing for portability, movement, or vehicle
attachment.
95 for a portable transmitter.
351 for a portable receiver.
403 for a mobile radiotelephone system.
517 for communication between one or more mobile stations
with one or more central stations.
Subclass:
899
MISCELLANEOUS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter relating to systems, instruments, or elements
specific to modulated carrier wave communication and not
provided for in any of the preceding subclasses of this
class.
(1) Note. Communication by protons, muons, or neutrinos is
included here.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, 32 for
anti-inductive structure with shields or screens; subclass 46
for apparatus wherein an extension power cord forms the
handle of a portable radio cabinet; subclass 50 for boxes and
housings including radio cabinets which are limited to
electrical use, see indented subclass 52.1 for such boxes and
housings where the box or housing has an electrical device
such as radio apparatus cited by name only, or mounting a
broadly recited electrical device therein. Wherein the
claims specify that the box contains two different apparatus,
even though recited by name only, such as a power supply and
a tuning stage, the patent will be found in Class 361,
Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass 814
where no circuit connections between the apparatus is claimed
which significantly limit the apparatus to use as a radio
apparatus.
178, Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for telegraph
apparatus.
181, Acoustics, 148 for diaphragm mounted in a cabinet.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, 51 for
electric connectors, including vacuum tube sockets, which
have an electric switch structurally combined therewith.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 250 for radio wavemeters;
subclass 305 for electron energy analysis; subclasses 336.1+
for invisible radiant energy responsive electric signalling;
subclass 423 for ion generation; subclass 489 for ion
collectors; and subclasses 200+ for photocell circuits and
apparatus.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 7.1 for cabinets
designed to house radio apparatus. See (1) Note to subclass
7.1 of Class 312 for a statement of the subject matter
provided for in Class 312.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate
subclasses for electric space discharge devices (e.g., radio
tubes), per se.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 370 for structural combinations of condensers and
grid leak-resistances.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous circuits which may form components of or be
used with the systems of this class.
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for demodulators
and detectors wherein the useful information which has been
modulated onto a carrier wave is derived and utilized.
330, Amplifiers, particularly subclass 65 for amplifiers
including structural details.
331, Oscillators, subclass 187 for miscellaneous oscillator
structures.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuner mechanism, per
se.
338, Electrical Resistors, 70 for mechanically variable
electrical resistors mounted in or on a lamp socket which may
be a vacuum tube socket; subclass 219 for fixed electrical
resistors mounted in or on a lamp or tube socket or base; and
subclasses 68+ for rheostats and potentiometers.
340, Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses,
particularly 850 for underwater apparatus and subclasses
870.01+ for telemetering systems.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 702 for
antennas combined with a radio cabinet. See also (3) Note,
subsection D, under subclass 700.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 600 for
miscellaneous arrangements of apparatus mounted on a panel,
within a box; or other mounting on a panel, within a box or
other mounting, including a radio chassis. See the reference
to Class 174 above for a statement of the type of apparatus
found in Class 361. See subclasses 306.1+ for the structural
combination of an electrical condenser, including vacuum tube
sockets and an electric condenser. The condenser may be
connected to only one or less than all of the socket
terminals. Also included in subclasses 306+ are condenser
connector combinations where the connector is for the purpose
of mounting another electrical device to the condenser, such
as condensers with means for mounting and connecting a grid
leak in circuit with the condenser. See the reference to
Class 323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
for condenser-grid leak resistance combinations.
367, Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and
Devices, 95 and 133 for compressional wave control systems.
379, Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses for
telephone apparatus.
439, Electrical Connectors, appropriate subclasses for
electrical connectors arranged on a panel with preformed
circuit conductors and for devices in which a panel or
chassis has connectors such as vacuum tube sockets mounted
thereon.
FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS
The definitions below correspond to abolished subclasses from
which these collections were formed. See the Foreign Art
Collection Schedule of this Class for specific
correspondences. {Note: the titles and definitions for
indented art collections include all the details of the
one(s) that are hierarchically superior.}
Subclass: FOR 106
Plural transmitters or receivers (i.e., more than two
stations): Foreign art collection including a plurality of
separate and distinct transmitters, or receivers, or
transmitter-receiver assemblies, which are physically located
at a distance one from the other and not restricted by
claimed subject matter to other art classes.
Subclass: FOR 107
Noise, distortion, or singing reduction: Foreign art
collection wherein any undesired electrical disturbance
within the useful frequency band arising from sources
internal or external to the system (e.g., crosstalk, power
induction, atmospheric noise, etc.); or any undesired
self-sustained oscillation existing in the system; or other
unwanted signals tending to interfere with the operation of
the system is reduced or prevented entirely.
Subclass: FOR 108
Synchronized stations: Foreign art collection wherein
stations in a system are regulated such that each station
transmits a carrier wave of the same frequency and phase as
those carriers transmitted by the other stations.
Subclass: FOR 109
Simulcast system: Foreign art collection in which a plurality
of remote site transmitters simultaneously broadcast
identical audio or data message signals on a particular
carrier frequency and a receiving site positioned between two
or more transmitting sites receives equal strength carrier
signals from each remote transmitter, the message signals
from the transmitters being synchronized in time.
Subclass: FOR 110
Fading compensation: Foreign art collection having a device
which corrects the variation or attenuation in amplitude of
the received modulated carrier wave.
Subclass: FOR 111
Due to weather attenuation: Foreign art collection wherein
the variation or attenuation in amplitude of the received
modulated carrier wave is due to conditions, such as: rain,
snow, or disturbances in the upper atmosphere, which scatter
the signals.
Subclass: FOR 112
Rayleigh or multipath fading: Foreign art collection wherein
signal fading is caused by cancellation and reinforcement of
contributions received over separated paths.
Subclass: FOR 113
With central station (e.g., Master, etc.): Foreign art
collection having a central station which has at least one
transmitter-receiver assembly and a plurality of satellite
stations, the satellite stations being connected to the
central station by line wire or other means.
Subclass: FOR 114
To or from mobile station: Foreign art collection in which
one or more of the satellite receivers is movable or
portable.
Subclass: FOR 115
With service request and response: Foreign art collection in
which one station sends a request signal to another station
and waits for an answer to start an operation.
Subclass: FOR 116
Using radiating transmission line: Foreign art collection
wherein a signal transmission line extends along the path of
a mobile station and that transmission line constitutes the
transmitting or receiving antenna of a fixed station.
Subclass: FOR 117
Multiple base stations: Foreign art collection wherein more
than one fixed station is capable of communication with at
least one mobile station.
Subclass: FOR 118
Plural receivers tuned to common frequency: Foreign art
collection in which all or a subgroup (i.e., more than two)
of satellite receivers are tuned to a common carrier wave
frequency, for example, traffic broadcasting or tornado
warning over radio frequency, etc.
Subclass: FOR 119
Break-in or priority override: Foreign art collection wherein
a transmitting operator is permitted to receive incoming
signals in the intervals between his own transmitted signals
base on priority status.
Subclass: FOR 120
Lockout or busy-idle signalling: Foreign art collection
wherein a transmitting operator may prevent other
transmitters in the system from operating, and may generate
signals indicating the status of the transmitting channel.
Subclass: FOR 121
Portable or mobile: Foreign art collection wherein the
transceiver either (a) is together with the power supply
self-contained, of such shape and size as to be readily
transportable by an average person and operable during such
transport; or (b) has structure specifically designed to
permit movement (e.g., wheels) or for mounting in or upon a
vehicle.
Subclass: FOR 200
HAVING SINGLE CHANNEL TELEPHONE CARRIER: Foreign art
collection wherein a single telephone speech signal modulates
a carrier signal which has a frequency above the range of
human audibility.
Subclass: FOR 201
Including call signalling (e.g., ringing, off-hook, dialing):
Foreign art collection which performs a call related
signalling operation distinct from voice information.
Subclass: FOR 202
Over power line: Foreign art collection wherein a modulated
telephone carrier is transmitted over a power line electrical
conductor.
Subclass: FOR 203
Exclusive assigned channel: Foreign art collection wherein a
station desiring to transmit is authorized a given
frequency.
Subclass: FOR 204
Seized channel: Foreign art collection wherein a station
desiring to transmit, selects an unoccupied channel (e.g.,
idle or non-busy channel, etc.).
Subclass: FOR 205
Radio telephone system or equipment detail: Foreign art
collection including either (a) a base station transceiver
connected to a land telephone line, or (b) a mobile station.
Subclass: FOR 206
Zoned or cellular: Foreign art collection including plural
stations providing service to different geos:graphical
areas.
Subclass: FOR 207
Hand-off control: Foreign art collection including means to
switch the control of a mobile station to another zone or
cell.
Subclass: FOR 208
Using plural antennas: Foreign art collection in which the
handoff control between zones involves the use of more than
one antenna.
Subclass: FOR 209
With overlapping zones: Foreign art collection wherein two or
more zones or cells have a partial common area.
Subclass: FOR 210
Including cordless extension set (i.e., having single
subscriber line access): Foreign art collection including a
base transceiver connected to a single subscriber line and a
cooperating portable transceiver.
Subclass: FOR 211
With privacy or lockout (e.g., identity verification):
Foreign art collection which permits use of a base station
only by an authorized subscriber or transceiver.
Subclass: FOR 212
Including supervisory or control signalling: Foreign art
collection for generating, processing, or receiving switching
or status indicating signals.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000