U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 451
ABRADING
Class Definition:
While theoretically all abrading (or grinding) may be said to
involve a cutting action, the cutting instrument being a
natural one, for example, the sharp edges of randomly
oriented crystals, as opposed to the teeth of a file, milling
tool, or the like, nevertheless there is a practical
distinction between an abrading (or grinding) device on the
one hand, and a cutting device on the other, as means of
working various materials, which is sufficiently well
understood throughout the industrial world to permit this
distinction to be made in the classification of inventions
relating to such devices. The present classification
therefore excludes any and every form of cutting, milling, or
filing if the abrading is done with materials of sufficiently
fine grain to produce a light-reflecting surface or polish.
The term "abrading" may include a polishing device that acts
by removal of an integral portion of the material acted upon,
but not such as depends upon the application of a coating
capable of taking a polish by friction or upon a compression,
consolidation, or swaging of the material, for which see
Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, below.
Every invention relating to abrading must have to do either
with an abrading element; a tool consisting of an abrading
element or material and a holder by which it may be put to
use; a machine embodying an abrading material or tool and
means for moving it or the work, or an action equivalent to
that of a tool; a holder for the work; a method or process of
abrading; an attachment or accessory to a tool, machine, or
process; or a plurality of these features. An abrasive tool
distinguished solely by the abrasive material or composition
will be found elsewhere. See References to Other Classes,
below.
Abrading machines are herein broadly classed under either of
two headings, viz., an abrading machine using a tool or
material of definite shape or character or an abrading
machine having no such tool or material. The known types of
tool are an endless band of abrasive material, a nonrotary
block or pad, and a rotary cylinder or disk. Machines using a
tool are differentiated from one another, first, by the
character of the tool as to the motion given thereto or by
the absence of such motion, its function being accomplished
by movement of the work, and, second, by the manner of
handling the work.
A moving tool has either a continuous longitudinal motion in
one direction, a reciprocating motion, a rotary motion, or a
combination of two or more of these motions. In the present
classification, no patents are placed under the title
"Machine, Reciprocating Tool" in which the tool has other
than a reciprocating movement, nor any under the title
"Rotary Tool" in which it has other than a rotary motion.
Those combining these motions are placed under the title
"Machine, Rotary Reciprocating Tool." As to the second
differentiation for machine, it is to be noted that there is
scarcely a type of work-handling means which has not been
applied to and used with each and every type of tool.
In the case of a machine using a rotary tool, a further
differentiation is based upon whether the abrading is done by
the peripheral or curved face or by the radial or diametrical
plane face of the tool or by a combination of abrading
surfaces (for example, a cup-shaped tool), and upon the
pluralization of tools with opposed working faces, between
which the work is treated.
In the case of a stationary tool machine, reciprocating tool
machine, or tool, per se, differentiation is based upon the
flexible or rigid characteristics of the tool.
An abrading machine is included which depends upon the use of
an amorphous or loose granular mass of abrading material in
which the work is immersed or through which it is passed or
which is forcibly carried in contact with the work. This will
be found under the title "By use of plural work holders,
without tool" and the subclasses indented thereunder, and
under the titles, "Machine"; "Machine, Rotary Tool";
"Sandblast"; or "Tumbling device" and the subclasses indented
thereunder.
A machine which uses abrading instruments of more than one of
the types recognized in this classification is placed under
the title "Machine, combined"; and those in which an abrading
means is inseparably organized with means for subjecting the
material handled to other treatment are placed under the
title "Machine, combined, with nonabrading operations."
With two exceptions (for which see Lines With Other Classes
and Within This Class, below), apparatus in which the
abrading operation is in the nature of cleaning by removal of
foreign or extraneous material from the surface of the work
rather than of an integral portion of the work itself is
classified in this class.
A shot-peening machine and process for removing material from
a workpiece, as opposed to that for deforming or burnishing a
workpiece surface, are found in this class.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
The present classification of abrading excludes any and every
form of cutting, milling, or filing if the abrading is done
with materials of sufficiently fine grain to produce a
light-reflecting surface or polish. Abrading may include a
polishing device that acts by removal of an integral portion
of the material acted upon, but not such as depends upon the
application of a coating capable of taking a polish by
friction or upon a compression, consolidation, or swaging of
the material, such as is involved in the method or a device
classified in Class 29, Metal Working, subclasses 90.01+ and
Class 144, Woodworking, subclass 49.
CLASS 15 EXCEPTIONS
Shotting apparatus for bottle cleaning is classified in Class
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning and a machine
or system for cleaning the inside of tubular work by passing
a solid (sometimes abradant) cleaning instrumentality through
such work in a fluid stream is also classified in Class 15. A
device for cleaning by the use of brushes only, without an
abradant and with or without a liquid, are excluded from this
class (451) and will be found in Class 15.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclasses 70+ for a shoe
burnishing machine and subclass 104 for a shoe burnishing
tool.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 3.5
for a machine or system for cleaning the inside of tubular
work by passing a solid (sometimes abradant) cleaning
instrumentality through such work in a fluid stream (and see
also the search note under subclass 3.5 for a further
statement of the line); subclass 95 for for shotting
apparatus for bottle cleaning. (See Lines With Other
Classes, above, above.)
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclass 28 for a device for
treating cloth by rubbing with a sand paperlike surface.
29, Metal Working, subclass 28 for a lathe with a grinding
attachment; subclass 89.5 for burning-in, wearing-in, and oil
burnishing; and subclasses 90.01+ for a burnishing process or
apparatus. (see Lines With Other Classes, above)
30, Cutlery, subclasses 35+ for a razor with a sharpening
feature, subclasses 138+ for a knife with a sharpening
feature, or subclasses 329+ for a holder for a detachable
blade with a sharpening feature, which sharpening feature may
be used during normal use of the knife or may be used during
sharpening of the blade. See the line expressed in the (2)
Note after the definition of Class 30, subclasses 451+, for a
pencil-sharpening implement including a statically related
tool and work holder or work guide.
44, Fuel and Related Compositions, subclass 643 for a match
scratcher composition or structure.
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,
for an abrasive tool distinguished solely by the abrasive
material or composition is to be found in Class 51. A nominal
recitation of an abrasive tool with a specific composition
will be found in Class 51. (Also see the Class Definition,
above.)
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,
for the process or method of making an abrading tool or
material to be used in the device or process of Class 451.
69, Leather Manufactures, subclass 38 for a rotary tool
machine having a tool grinder.
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 53 for shot blasting (or
peening) to deform the surface of a metallic member.
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 82+ for
a process or apparatus relating to tool sharpening by the
removal of stock adjacent to the edge of same by a cutting or
filing action as distinguished from an abrading action.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, particularly subclasses
518+, 560+, and 623+ for apparatus for abrading vegetable
material for the purpose of hulling or removing the peeling.
125, Stone Working, for a process of or apparatus for
operating on stone other than by abrading a surface thereof
(roughening, polishing).
132, Toilet, subclass 75.6 and 76.4+ for a manicuring
abrader.
137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 243+ for a reciprocating
disk or plug valve with a regrinding feature.
144, Woodworking, (see the Class Definition for Woodworking),
subclass 38 for planing combined with polishing of wood;
subclass 47 for turning combined with polishing; and
subclasses 28.1+ for a pencil-sharpening machine which may
include an abrasive tool.
157, Wheelwright Machines, subclass 13 for apparatus and
process for treating the outer periphery of a rubber tire
casing by a slitting, or another machine operation other than
abrading, which (in the absence of this subclass) would
ordinarily be classified in accord with the particular
operation. (The treating of a rubber casing by abrading is
classified elsewhere.)
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, for subject matter directed
to driving or impacting a tool, when such subject matter
includes combined features peculiar to tool driving, but
which does not include features limiting the subject matter
to a specific tool art, such as specific shape of the work
contacting portion of a tool, related tools, or an opposed
work support.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and
Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclass 93 for
electrolytic coating in which a solid material or member
other than an electrode contacts the coating as it is formed,
subclass 222 for electrolytic coating combined with
subsequent contacting of a coated layer with a solid member
or material (e.g., buffing, burnishing, polishing, etc.), and
subclasses 640+ for electrolytic erosion to change the shape
or surface configuration of an object, especially subclasses
661 and 662+ for electrolytic erosion combined with
mechanical abrasion.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclass
67 and 191 for a mercury adhesion or gravity-type separator
combined with means for rubbing the solids.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, subclass 353 for a
filter combined with a loose-abrasive cleaning means.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, for a
comminuting process or apparatus which may involve an
abrading action. See Lines With Other Classes and Within This
Class in Class 241 for the line.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 283 for a blade sharpening or
conditioning-type magnet device.
366, Agitating, for an agitating apparatus and method where
there is no abrading or surface-finishing use disclosed.
396, Photography, subclasses 658+ for photos:graphic
burnishing.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 64+ for
apparatus disclosed as useful with either a milling or an
abrading tool.
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and
Products, particularly subclass 483 for a process of
removing the outer covering of plant material by abrading.
427, Coating Processes, subclasses 289+ for a coating
process combined with abrading.
433, Dentistry, subclass 125, 142, and 166 for dental
abrading and polishing means.
451, Abrading, for treating of a rubber casing by abrading.
483, Tool Changing, for a transfer means for plural, separate
tools between storage and a work station.
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other
Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, subclass 271 for a
tube-making machine which burnishes to minutely change the
size of the tube.
523, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclasses 149+
for a composition containing a synthetic resin having utility
as a friction element or to a process of preparation
thereof.
901, Robots, subcollection 41 for a tool on the end of a
robot arm.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
PRECISION DEVICE OR PROCESS - OR WITH CONDITION RESPONSIVE
CONTROL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process
or apparatus comprising use of means for regulating and
limiting the depth of cut of the grinder by controlling the
feed of the grinder toward the work or of the work toward the
grinder.
(1) Note. Means for regulating and limiting the depth of
cut of the grinder are often referred to as "sizing"
devices.
(2) Note. The above definition is as it has been for a long
time (except that it now includes processes) and under which
the indented subclasses (except subclasses 2 and 76) are
defined. It is intended that the "condition responsive" art
will be collected in this and the indented subclasses, to be
defined in the future, as follows: WITH CONDITION RESPONSIVE
CONTROL: Abrading (or grinding) under the class definition
including the process of or means for: (1) detecting any of
the following characteristics: (a) a state or a property; (b)
a change in a state or property or an occurrence of a
predetermined event in any of the following: (i) a workpiece
being abraded; (ii) the abraded product; (iii) the abrading
machine or tool; or (iv) the environment of the machine or
tool affecting the operation thereof; and (2) initiating or
modifying (as a direct result of such detection) a force or
impulse other than that generated or transmitted by the
detecting means; and, (3) regulating or modifying (as a
direct result of such initiation) the operation.
(3) Note. This definition requires that a patent claim at
least four instrumentalities or use of same, for original
placement herein. One of these is an abrading device. The
other three are: (a) a sensor (e.g., a photocell system, trip
lever, pressure diaphragm, etc.) to detect a condition stated
in (a) of the definition; (b) an activator (e.g., an element
to make or break an electric circuit, a clutch, a valve,
etc.) to cause a release of energy more than or different
from that accounted by mere change in condition (e.g.,
position, movement, etc.) of the sensor while it is
functioning; and, (c) a controller (e.g., a motor or driver
for said apparatus) to change or cause the operation of said
apparatus. Therefore, a cam follower (or sensor) directly
linked to a controller, whereby follower movement directly
effects controller movement, is not proper subject matter for
this subclass due to lack of an activator as defined.
However, the same claimed structure is included herein if,
for example, a claimed cam follower is disclosed as breaking
an electrical circuit that energizes a motor.
(4) Note. A voluntary act of the person operating the
machine (the "operative") is not proper subject matter for
this subclass; e.g., disclosure of an abrading machine having
an on/off switch adapted to be manipulated by the operative
to start or stop the machine (even though the switch
initiates a release of energy) is not included under the
limitations of this definition.
Subclass:
2
Condition responsive control for sandblasting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter,
as set forth in the (2) Note, including use of means to
propel a stream of fluent abrasive material to effect the
abrading operation.
(1) Note. The stream may be propelled either by a
compressed fluid (i.e., a gas or a liquid), a magnetic field,
or a mechanical centrifugal device.
(2) Note. The fluent abrasive material herein may be sand
or any other particulate material that will perform in like
manner when propelled against a workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 38+ for a sandblasting process without condition
responsive control.
subclasses 75+ for a sandblasting apparatus without a
condition responsive control means.
Subclass:
3
Cyclic control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter
including use of means having the capacity to program or
regulate a sequence of operations and capable of programming
or regulating this sequence of operations so that once the
means is initiated, no manual intervention is required for
the machine to perform the sequence of operations.
Subclass:
4
Tape controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter in
which the operation is regulated in response to information
stored on a band member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
3 for similar control structure for a boring or drilling
machine.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 2, 79, and
289 for similar control of a gear cutting, milling, or
planing machine.
Subclass:
5
Computer controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter in
which the operation is regulated by an electronic device
capable of performing calculations, or compiling,
correlating, or selecting data.
Subclass:
6
By optical sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter in
which a light responsive means regulates the abrading
operation.
(1) Note. Included herein is a device in which a beam of
light is reflected from the workpiece or an index mark
thereon to the light sensitive means; a micrometer operably
connected to a light source; or a device in which a tool or a
workpiece covers or uncovers the light sensitive means for
sensing a condition of the tool or the workpiece.
Subclass:
7
Controlling temperature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
using or having means which regulate the thermal level of the
abrading machine or of the workpiece.
Subclass:
8
With indicating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
combined with using means to show the status or action of the
abrader or the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 680 for an
electrical automatic condition-responsive indicating system
for a machine tool.
Subclass:
9
Of tool or work holder position:
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter
using or including means to show the location of an abrading
tool or workpiece gripping means.
Subclass:
10
And feeding of tool or work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Subject matter
combined with the use of means to relatively move an abrading
tool and workpiece gripping means.
Subclass:
11
With feeding of tool or work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
combined with use of means to relatively move an abrading
tool and workpiece gripping means.
Subclass:
12
And use of moving abutment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
combined with use of means which shifts the position of a
movement blocking member relative to the tool or work
holder.
Subclass:
13
Moved by cam:
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Subject matter
in which the position of the blocking member is changed by
engagement of an eccentric surface of a rotary member.
Subclass:
14
Screw actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
wherein the abrading tool is caused to move with respect to
the work holder by a member adapted to turn about an axis,
the member having a helical thread adapted to engage a
relatively movable second member and force relative
displacement of the second member upon rotation of the
helically threaded member.
Subclass:
15
Manually adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Subject matter
in which the position of the helical means is set by the hand
of the operative.
Subclass:
16
Ratchet and pawl drive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Subject matter
including use of a circular toothed wheel (i.e., ratchet
wheel) which is held in position or propelled by a feather
(i.e., pawl), which wheel serves to turn the screw.
Subclass:
17
Sizing gauge controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
including use of a selected removable member of a physical
configuration to regulate the operation.
Subclass:
18
Cam actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
wherein the ratchet is caused to move by engagement of an
eccentric surface of a rotary member.
Subclass:
19
Hydraulically driven:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
actuated by fluid pressure means.
Subclass:
20
Table dog actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
actuated by reciprocating means which moves back and forth
with a carriage.
Subclass:
21
Tool wear compensation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
comprising means to make allowance for the deterioration or
impairment of the tool caused by wear.
Subclass:
22
Sizing gauge controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter
including use of a selected removable member of a physical
configuration to regulate the operation.
Subclass:
23
Cam actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
wherein the feeding means is caused to move by engagement of
an eccentric surface of a rotary member.
Subclass:
24
Hydraulically driven:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
actuated by fluid pressure means.
Subclass:
25
Sizing gauge controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter
including use of a selected removable member of a physical
configuration to regulate the operation.
Subclass:
26
Control means near and parallel to the abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter
in which control means therefor is relatively close and
parallel to the grinder.
Subclass:
27
Tool interior of workpiece:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
in which the tool moves internal of a workpiece.
(1) Note. The apparatus is commonly referred to as a honing
device.
Subclass:
28
ABRADING PROCESS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method
of performing a grinding operation falling within the main
... or method of performing an ancillary operation not
elsewhere provided for.
(1) Note. For a process of making an article or blank
wherein abrading is included in addition to metal working,
see the appropriate metal working class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 89.5 and 90.01+ for a process of
wearing-in or burnishing metal.
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,
for a process of making an abrading tool, material, or
composition.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for a process
of cleaning and liquid contact with solids not involving (a)
the use of an abradant or (b) the causing of plural
workpieces to tumble or rub against each other, particularly
subclass 7 for a process involving the use of particulate or
comminuted solid treating agents.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and
Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclasses 640+ for
electrolytic erosion to change the shape or surface
configuration of an object, especially subclasses 661 and
662+ for electrolytic erosion combined with mechanical
abrasion.
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and
Products, subclass 483 for a process of removing the outer
covering of plant material by abrading.
Subclass:
29
Utilizing shield (mask or stencil):
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method wherein
an abradant-resist is relied on to define the work area and
to protect underlying portions of the workpiece.
(1) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses is a
process including application, formation, or modification of
the resist on the work surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 for an accessory including an abrading shield, and see
search notes thereunder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
216, Etching a Substrate: Processes, particularly subclasses
41+ for a step in a chemical etching process of masking the
substrate with an etch resist.
Subclass:
30
With in situ removal of nonresist portion of shield:
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Method wherein,
preliminary to erosion of the defined work area, a
non-abrasion-protective portion of the shield member is
removed from a position overlying the work area.
(1) Note. Included herein is the method wherein an abradant
in its initial function cuts through a nonresist portion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for preparation of modification of shield to define the
work area.
Subclass:
31
With preparation of shield:
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Method including
forming or modifying the abradant-resist to define the work
area.
(1) Note. Preparation as contemplated herein is not
intended to include compounding of materials.
(2) Note. The broad application of a preformed shield to a
workpiece is insufficient to define a step of "preparation"
for this subclass.
Subclass:
32
Tumbling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method wherein
abrading of one or more workpieces is accomplished during a
series of free fall movements, or propulsions, resulting from
forces imparted thereon by a work receptacle in motion
(generally rotational), and wherein the abrading contact may
be: (a) that of mutual attrition between similarly freely
moving work bodies; and/or (b) that between a work body and
the receptacle wall structure; and/or (c) that exercised by
an encompassing fluent particulate mass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
36 for a process utilizing a fluent abradant.
subclasses 326+ for corresponding apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclasses 485+ for
means to treat food by agitating, tumbling, or vibrating.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass
5, 22, and 26 for a related process including mutual
attrition and having the function of comminuting.
Subclass:
33
Including temperature modification or control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Method auxiliary
to the abrading operation and including, relative to work or
tool, a step of heating, cooling, or maintaining a constant
temperature condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a related process with another method of abrading.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 15 for a process of heating or cooling
work ancillary to a cutting operation.
Subclass:
34
In at least one of plural abrading steps:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Method including
sequential abrading operations one of which is by tumbling.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 for plural abrading operations in which one operation
utilizes a fluent abradant.
57 for plural abrading operations, generally.
Subclass:
35
With auxiliary work treating or in critical fluent medium:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Method including
(a) a nonabrading step of altering the state or shape of work
to facilitate the tumbling operation; or (b) tumbling in a
particularly defined fluid medium, abradant carrier, or
atmosphere; or (c) any defined altering of state or shape of
work or product by a claimed fluid medium, abradant carrier,
or atmosphere in which the tumbling operation is
accomplished.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 and 53, for a related process including temperature
modification or control.
38 for a related process in blasting.
54 for work treatment with a method of abrading, generally.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclasses 14+ for a process of cutting
including ancillary treatment of work.
Subclass:
36
Utilizing fluent abradant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method utilizing
an unbonded particulate mass through or across which work is
carried, or which accomplishes its cutting function during
motion as a fluid body.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 32+ for abrading by tumbling.
subclasses 59+ for a method of abrading in which an
unbonded particulate film is dependent for cutting contact
upon frictional forces thereon developed by a backup plate
having motion relative to and paralleling the work surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 95
for cleaning hollow ware by agitation of particulate material
within the ware.
29, Metal Working, subclass 90.01 for burnishing or
compacting by shot blasting.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, subclass 7 and
32 for cleaning by particulate materials.
Subclass:
37
Combined abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Method including
plural grinding operations one of which is performed on a
single workpiece by a fluent abradant and occurs either
concurrently with, but over a separately defined work
surface, or sequentially with another grinding operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for sequential abrading steps including use of a mask or
stencil.
34 for plural abrading steps including one by tumbling.
subclasses 57+ for other plural distinct abrading areas or
steps.
Subclass:
38
By blasting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Method wherein
cutting is accomplished by forceful propulsion of the
particulate mass, as free flung bodies, against the work
surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 29+ for blasting including use of a mask or
stencil, and see search notes thereunder.
subclasses 36+ the subclass from which this subclass
depends, especially subclass 37, for "liquid honing," a
nonblasting scouring operation by a stream having motion
substantially parallel to the work surface.
Subclass:
39
With nonsiliceous abradant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Method of
blasting wherein the abradant or at least a component of an
abradant mixture is in character other than a sand (i.e.,
silica) bearing material.
Subclass:
40
With nonatmospheric fluid carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Method of
blasting wherein the abradant is borne by a liquid or gas
medium exclusive of air alone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 29+ for blasting including use of a mask or
stencil.
39 for blasting by an abradant inclusive of a nonsiliceous
material.
Subclass:
41
Glass or stone abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method of
grinding glass or natural or artificial stone.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
65, Glass Manufacturing, subclass 37 for a process of lens
making involving fusion bonding of glass and grinding,
subclass 61 for a process of glassworking combined with
grinding, and subclass 181 for glassworking or treating
apparatus combined with grinding means.
Subclass:
42
Lens:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Method for
grinding a member intended to transmit and refract light.
(1) Note. This subclass takes lens surface polishing as
well lens generating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
240 255, 256, 277, and 323, for a lens grinding machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 214
for a lens wiper, dauber, or polisher.
65, Glass Manufacturing, subclasses 37+ for a process of
uniting glass to glass to make a multifocal lens with or
without a step of grinding.
351, Optics: Eye Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting,
subclass 177 for a miscellaneous method of making an
ophthalmic lens.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclass 819 for a lens mount.
Subclass:
43
Edging:
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Method directed
to grinding or polishing a circumferential margin of a lens.
Subclass:
44
Edging:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Method directed
to grinding or polishing a circumferential margin of a
workpiece.
Subclass:
45
Razor, knife, or scissors sharpening:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
sharpening the cutting edge of cutlery comprising a razor,
knife, or a blade of a pair of scissors by an abrading
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 82+, 89.1,
and 89.2 for miscellaneous tool sharpening.
Subclass:
46
Gauge abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
grinding a gauge member such as a plug gauge, Johanessen
gauge, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclasses 501+ for a gauge,
generally.
Subclass:
47
Gear or worm abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
grinding a toothed or helical toothed wheel, cylinder, or
similar machine element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 48+ for a process for grinding a hob, reamer, or
twist drill.
subclasses 114+ for apparatus for grinding a gear by mutual
contact between plural gears.
subclasses 147+ for a gear grinder having a rotary
reciprocating tool of the peripheral face type and a rotary
gear holder.
subclasses 237+ and 281, for a rotary tool in which the
abrading action is controlled by a template.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 66+ for
a thread or helix milling process.
Subclass:
48
Drill, thread, thread cutter, reamer, or rotary cutter
abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
grinding a drill, a thread, a thread die or cutter, a reamer,
or a rotary cutter such as a hob.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for a process of grinding a worm.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 102, 107.1+,
and 108.1+ for other processes of making an auger, die, or
drill.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
18 for structure of that class type including a
screw-threading tool combined with means to refurbish that
tool; subclass 215 for a screw threading tool, per se.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 66+ for
a thread or helix milling process.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, for other processes of forming threads on such
articles; except as provided for in Class 408.
Subclass:
49
Roll, roller, shaft, ball, or piston abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
grinding a roll, roller, shaft including a spliced shaft,
ball, sphere, or piston.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 888.04, 895.3+, 898.068, 898.069,
and 899+ for a metal working process involving more than mere
grinding for making a roll or a piston.
Subclass:
50
Ball abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 49. Abrading process
specifically directed to forming a spherical shaped workpiece
by abrading (or polishing).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 888.04, 895.3+, 898.068, 898.069,
and 899+, for a metal working process involving more than
mere grinding for making a ball bearing or other ball.
Subclass:
51
Ring, tube, bushing, sleeve, or cylinder abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
grinding a ring, tube, bushing, sleeve, cylinder, or the like
requiring "internal" grinding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 888.07 for a process of making a
piston ring involving more than grinding.
Subclass:
52
Bearing raceway:
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Method for
grinding a bearing raceway for a ball or roller bearing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 898.066 for a process of making
a bearing raceway involving more than grinding.
Subclass:
53
With critical temperature modification or control of work or
abradant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method auxiliary
to the abrading operation and including, relative to work or
tool, either a particularly defined thermal variation or
control or else a detailed mode of accomplishing any heating,
cooling, or constant temperature condition.
(1) Note. The sole disclosure of "cooling" or of "supplying
a cooling liquid" is insufficient to define a "particularly
defined" or "detailed mode..." as above, since liquid coolant
is relied on in most abrading procedures.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 for a related process in connection with tumbling, and
see the search notes thereunder.
36 for temperature modification or control due to the fluid
carrier of a fluent abrasive, or occurring simultaneously
with the fluent abrading step.
Subclass:
54
With critical nonabrading work treating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method auxiliary
to the abrading step and wherein the workpiece is altered in
shape or to a particularly defined state, or there is claimed
specific manipulative steps for accomplishing any alteration
of state or shape.
(1) Note. The sole disclosure of "cleaning" is insufficient
to define the critical work treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for work treatment auxiliary to a tumbling operation, and
see the search notes thereunder.
Subclass:
55
Deforming:
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Method wherein
the workpiece is altered in shape or dimension.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 17, 175, and 176 for work deformation
with respect to cutting.
Subclass:
56
With tool treating or forming:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method wherein
the abradant, either particulate material or bonded tool, is
altered in state or shape in preparation for, or as an
incidence of, the abrading operation.
(1) Note. The mutual attrition between tool and workpiece
is not considered to be "tool treating or forming."
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for work treatment auxiliary to a tumbling operation, and
see the search notes thereunder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,
for an abrasive tool making process, material, or composition
not elsewhere classifiable; and see the search notes
thereunder.
Subclass:
57
Combined abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method wherein a
workpiece is subjected to at least two abrading operations
which are relative to one another and occur either (a)
concurrently, but over separately defined work surfaces, or
(b) in sequence.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for plural abrading operations in which one operation is
tumbling.
37 for plural abrading operations in which one operation
utilizes a fluent abradant.
Subclass:
58
Utilizing mounted rigid abrading tool only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Method wherein
the only tool relied on is a machine element of nondeformable
bonded abradant.
Subclass:
59
Utilizing nonrigid tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method wherein
abrasion is accomplished either by an unbonded particulate or
a deformable tool (e.g., flexible, resilient).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 29+ for abrading by use of a nonrigid tool while
using a shield.
subclasses 32+ for abrading by tumbling, which may involve
use of a nonrigid tool.
subclasses 36+ for abrading by use of a fluent abradant.
Subclass:
60
Abradant supplying:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
supplying abrasive materials to the abrading zone or zones.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 99+ for a sandblast nozzle, supply tank, or
valve.
subclasses 446+ for abradant supplying apparatus.
Subclass:
61
Hollow work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
abrading an interior surface of a workpiece.
Subclass:
62
Cam:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
abrading a plate or cylinder which is intended to communicate
motion to a follower by means of its edge or a groove cut in
its surface.
Subclass:
63
Side face of disk:
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Method for
abrading a planar surface of a disk-shaped workpiece.
Subclass:
64
MACHINE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. A
complete abrading assemblage comprised of moving components
comprising: (a) A base mounted apparatus to which a workpiece
is brought for the abrading operation, or (b) A sandblasting
assemblage comprised of means for supplying an abrasive in
free flight to a workpiece.
(1) Note. A sandblasting assemblage in this subclass may be
randomly manipulated during use.
Subclass:
65
Combined:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
having an abrading tool and another tool either (a) having a
nonabrading function, or (b) having a distinct, different
abrading function, wherein the first and second tools are
mounted on a common frame.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 461+ for a tool having surfaces for performing
an abrading operation and another operation
Subclass:
66
Scouring or polishing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Abrading machine
including an abrading device acting to remove foreign matter
from a workpiece rather than remove an integral portion
therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
103 for a scouring machine not combined with an additional
treating structure.
Subclass:
67
With nonabrading means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Abrading machine
including a grinding device of this class combined with a
device for performing another operation cognate or accessory
to the grinding operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 28 for a combined machine
characterized by a mechanism for relatively rotating the work
and a turning or milling tool and which have in addition
thereto a grinding mechanism.
144, Woodworking, subclass 1.1, 38, and 47 for combined
woodworking and polishing.
Subclass:
68
Work deformer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Abrading machine
including an abrading device of this class combined with
another device which stresses a workpiece beyond its elastic
limit, but below the fracture point.
Subclass:
69
Cutter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Abrading machine
in which the other device has a sharp cutting edge.
Subclass:
70
Including abrader for cut surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Abrading machine
wherein the grinding device is intended to abrade the surface
of the workpiece previously engaged by the cutter.
Subclass:
71
Drill:
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Abrading machine
in which the other tool is intended to turn about an axis and
move along that axis with respect to material being cut.
Subclass:
72
Having means to refurbish abrading tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Abrading machine
provided with means which dresses or trues the grinding
tool.
Subclass:
73
Adjunct:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Abrading machine
in which the other device completes, makes up for a
deficiency, or strengthens an operation on a workpiece.
Subclass:
74
Graining box:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
comprising an open work receiving receptacle containing loose
abrasive material overlying or underlying the work and which
by relative movement of the work or the receptacle, or both,
is caused to produce, upon a face of the work, a grained
surface suitable for surface printing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 104+ and 113, for an immersion-type abrader.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 90.01 for a burnishing apparatus
or process.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids,
subclasses 233+ for a solid material sifter and subclasses
422+ for stratifier.
Subclass:
75
Sandblast:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
provided with means to propel a stream of fluent abrasive
material to effect the abrading operation.
(1) Note. The stream may be propelled either by a
compressed fluid (i.e., a gas or a liquid), a magnetic field,
or a mechanical centrifugal device.
(2) Note. The fluent abrasive material herein may be sand
or any other particulate material that will perform in like
manner when propelled against a workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 38+ for a sandblasting process.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 90.1 for a machine or process
for burnishing (i.e., condensing, compacting, smoothing, or
polishing the surface of a metallic or nonmetallic article),
including subjecting it to shot blasting.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclasses 308+ for apparatus for
projecting particulate coating material against work.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 393 for a
sandblast boiler cleaner.
165, Heat Exchange, subclass 94 for a heat exchanger with
scraping means removing a product from an exchange surface.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 54 for means
for forming a hole in the earth by below ground recirculation
of unsupported elements (e.g., shot).
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass 5
for the process of comminuting and subclasses 39+ for a
comminutor in which material is propelled by a fluid blast.
291, Track Sanders, for means for applying sand or like
material to the wheel tread of a vehicle or to the surface
over which that wheel tread is to pass.
406, Conveyors: Fluid Current, for a pneumatic conveyor in
general.
Subclass:
76
Hollow interior work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
specifically designed to perform an abrading operation on the
interior surface of a generally hollow cylindrical
workpiece.
(1) Note. The workpieces of this subclass may comprise a
tube, pipe, or similar structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
381 for a work holder for supporting a hollow workpiece in
an abrading machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 3.5
for cleaning of a tubular conduit. See the search note in
reference to Class 451 in the subclass 3.5 definition for the
line between these subclasses.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 395 for a
sandblaster specially adapted for or combined with a boiler.
Subclass:
77
Spark plug:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
specifically designed to perform abrading operations on a
fuel igniting device for an internal combustion engine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
445, Electric Lamp or Space Discharge Component or Device
Manufacturing, subclass 7 for a method of making a spark
plug or spark gap and subclasses 60+ for the corresponding
apparatus.
Subclass:
78
Electrical device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
specifically designed to perform an abrading operation on an
electrical device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 592.1 for a process of making an
electrical device in general and subclasses 729+ for
apparatus for assembling an electrical device.
Subclass:
79
File:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
specifically designed to perform an abrading operation on a
material working file.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass is a patent for
cleaning and/or resharpening a file.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 12+ for
file cutting in general.
Subclass:
80
Having moving work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
provided with means for securely supporting and moving the
workpiece past the sandblasting means.
Subclass:
81
Endless belt type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Abrading machine
wherein the moving work holder consists of a belt or beltlike
structure having an endless surface movable continuously
along a path defined by its longitudinal axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 804+ for an
endless belt conveyor, per se.
Subclass:
82
Rotary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Abrading machine
in which the work holder turns about an axis to enable the
workpiece to be rotated or moved in a circular path while
being abraded.
(1) Note. For placement in this and indented subclasses,
the axis of rotation of the work holder does not necessarily
have to coincide with the axis of rotation of the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
106 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+, 324+, and 398+,
for other rotary work holders used with an abrading machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 793+ for a rotary
conveyor, generally.
269, Work Holders, subclass 57 for a rotary work holder of
general utility.
Subclass:
83
Rollers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Abrading machine
wherein the work holder consists of at least a pair of
cylinders which physically engage and rotate the workpiece.
(1) Note. In addition to rotating the workpiece, the
cylinders may convey the workpiece through the abrading
area.
(2) Note. A machine including more than one "pair of
cylinders" is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for a roller work feed for a scouring device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 780+ for a live
roller conveyor, per se.
Subclass:
84
Table:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Abrading machine
wherein the work holder is generally a flat, circular
platform upon which the workpiece is placed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 411+ for a rotary work table for abrading.
Subclass:
85
Having tumbling barrel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
provided with a cylindrical cage or rumble capable of
rotating into which the workpiece is placed such that the
workpiece is not securely held in the cage or rumble.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 326+ for an abrading tumbling device,
generally.
Subclass:
86
And centrifugal particle propulsion means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Abrading machine
wherein the means to propel the stream of abrasive material
is a revolving body from which the bits of abrasive material
are propelled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 94+ for a mechanical centrifugal propelling
means for a sandblast machine, without a tumbling barrel.
Subclass:
87
Having particle recovery means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
provided with means to retrieve abrading particles subsequent
to the abrading operation.
(1) Note. The sand or abrasive material may be mixed with
workpiece particles generated by the abrading operation.
Subclass:
88
And separation means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Abrading machine
further provided with means to segregate the fluent abrasive
material from workpiece particles generated by the abrading
operation.
Subclass:
89
Having sandblast chamber:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
provided with a substantially closed vessel into or through
which the workpiece is placed or passed during the abrading
operation.
Subclass:
90
Having hand-directed sandblast nozzle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
including a sandblasting or abrasive material stream
directing terminal outlet capable of being hand manipulated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for nozzle structure, per se.
Subclass:
91
Abradant propulsion means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
including particular means to impel the fluent abrasive
material against the workpiece.
Subclass:
92
Mobile machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Abrading machine
provided with means capable of making the entire machine
movable such that the machine can be easily transported to,
from, or about the workpiece or work area.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
901, Robots, subcollection 41 for a tool mounted on the end
of a programmable robot arm.
Subclass:
93
Magnetic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Abrading machine
wherein the propelling means is capable of impelling the
abrasive material by the use of a magnetic field.
Subclass:
94
Mechanical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Abrading machine
wherein the propulsion means propels the fluent abrasive
material by means of a member which physically engages and
forces the abrasive material into the stream.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
86 for a sandblast machine having a tumbling barrel and a
centrifugal propulsion means for the sand.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass
275 for a centrifugal projecting apparatus for comminuting
material.
Subclass:
95
Centrifugal batter with abradant supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Abrading machine
wherein the propulsion means comprises a revolving body,
including particular means for feeding abrasive material (or
propellant) to the blast conduits in a sandblasting machine.
(1) Note. The propellant may be either a pressurized fluid
and/or liquid. The term "propellant" is the medium which
carries the abrasive material from the supply tank or hopper
to the blasting nozzle and workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
97 for a centrifugal batter wheel, per se.
Subclass:
96
Powered abradant supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Abrading machine
wherein the propulsion means is provided with abrasive
material which is caused to flow by means other than
gravity.
Subclass:
97
Centrifugal batter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Abrading machine
drawn to impeller rotor specifically adapted for propelling
abrasive material in a sandblasting machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclasses
179+ for a fluid impeller rotor in general.
Subclass:
98
Vane structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Abrading machine
drawn to a particular impeller blade specifically adapted for
propelling abrasive material in a sandblasting machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclass 233
for fluid impeller blade structure in general.
Subclass:
99
Abradant supply structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
including particular means for feeding abrasive material (or
propellant) to the blast conduits in a sandblasting machine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 446+ for other abradant supply structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, Dispensing, for a dispenser of pulverulent material in
general.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, for other
distributor structure, especially subclass 336 for the
discharge of a fluent solid, and subclass 379 where the
material to be projected is contained in a hopperlike
receptacle usually used for solids.
291, Track Sanders, for a sand supply for applying
traction-improving, abrasive material to a vehicle supporting
rail.
406, Conveyors: Fluid Current, subclasses 108+ for a fluid
current conveyor having feeding means.
Subclass:
100
Multiple hopper:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Abrading machine
provided with at least two receptacles for holding the
abrasive material wherein one receptacle feeds abrasive by
gravity to a second receptacle which subsequently feeds
abrasive to mixing chamber for the abrasive propellant.
(1) Note. The propellant may be a pressurized fluid and/or
liquid. The term "propellant" is the medium which carries the
abrasive material from the supply tank or hopper to the
blasting nozzle and workpiece.
Subclass:
101
Valve structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Abrading machine
provided with a flow controller specifically adapted for
supplying fluent abrasive material to the blast conduit in a
sandblasting machine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 446+ for an abradant supplying accessory.
Subclass:
102
Sandblast nozzle structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 75. Means including
a particular sandblasting or abrasive material stream
directing terminal outlet.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, Dispensing, for a miscellaneous dispensing nozzle, and
see the notes to sections 16, 17, and 19 for the distribution
of art for sanding; abrading; material throwing, spraying,
scattering, or dusting; and nozzles.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, for other
distributor structure, especially subclass 336 for the
discharge of a fluent solid and subclass 379 where the
material to be projected is contained in a hopperlike
receptacle usually used for solids.
417, Pumps, subclasses 151+ for a jet pump.
Subclass:
103
Scouring device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
for removing foreign or extraneous material from the surface
of a workpiece rather than from an integral portion of the
workpiece itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
66 for a combined machine involving scouring.
subclasses 75+ for a sandblast-type abrading machine.
subclasses 104+ and 113, for an immersion abrading
machine.
subclasses 328+ for a tumbling-type abrading machine.
Subclass:
104
Immersion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Abrading
machine especially adapted for scouring or removing foreign
material from the surface of articles rather than removing an
integral portion of the substance of the article itself and
in which the work is submerged under a mass of granular
abrasive material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 113+ for an immersion abrader, generally.
subclasses 328+ for a tumbling drum.
Subclass:
105
Roller work feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Abrading
machine in which the work is passed by feed-rollers through a
mass of granular abrasive material for the purpose of
scouring or removing from the surface thereof foreign or
extraneous matter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
131 172, 188+, 207+, and 301, for other roller work feeds.
Subclass:
106
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Abrading
machine in which the work is carried by a gripping member
that turns about an axis through a mass of granular abrasive
material for the purpose of scouring or removing from the
surface thereof foreign or extraneous matter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+, 324+,
and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an abrading
machine.
Subclass:
107
Drawing reel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Abrading
machine in which the work (e.g., wire) is drawn by a
winding-drum through a mass of granular abrasive material for
the purpose of scouring or removing from the surface thereof
foreign or extraneous matter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
176 and 183, for other work feeds of this type.
Subclass:
108
Reciprocating scouring tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Abrading
machine using a tool that moves to-and-fro for the
application of granular abradant to a workpiece for the
purpose of scouring (i.e., removing rust or other foreign
material).
(1) Note. The workpiece may be a kitchen knife or a similar
implement.
(2) Note. Removing rust or other foreign material is
included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 162+ for other reciprocating tools.
Subclass:
109
Rotary cylindrical scouring tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Abrading
machine using the peripheral surface of a wheellike member of
a shape which may be generated by a circle moved axially,
which member turns about its central axis for the application
of granular abradant to the workpiece for the purpose of
scouring it (i.e., removing rust or other foreign material).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 178+ for other rotary cylindrical tools.
Subclass:
110
Opposed pair of scouring tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Abrading
machine using opposed rotary cylinders for the simultaneous
application of granular abrasive material to opposite sides
of a workpiece for the purpose of scouring the same (i.e.,
removing foreign or extraneous materials).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
112 132+, 194+, 262+, and 302, for other opposed tools.
Subclass:
111
Rotary disk-shaped scouring tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Abrading
machine employing the flat or plane face of a rotary disk for
the purpose of scouring or removing foreign or extraneous
material from the work by loose granular abrasive material
applied to the disk.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 109+ for other rotary tools of this type.
Subclass:
112
Opposed pair of scouring tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Abrading
machine employing the flat or plane faces of opposed rotary
disks for the purpose of scouring or removing foreign
material from work placed between the disks with the aid of
loose granular abrasive material supplied to the disks.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 132, 190+, 194, 262+, and 302, for other opposed tools.
Subclass:
113
Immersion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
in which the workpiece passes through or otherwise has its
whole surface submerged under a mass of loose abrasive
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
74 for a graining box.
subclasses 104+ for an immersion-type scouring machine.
328 for a drum-type tumbling machine.
Subclass:
114
By use of plural work holders, without tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
including a first work member for supporting a first
workpiece and including a second member for supporting a
second workpiece, and in which the abrading is accomplished
by mutual moving contact of the plural workpieces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 326+ for a tumbling device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, particularly subclass 90.01 for
burnishing, which may include use of plural work holders,
without use of a tool.
125, Stone Working, subclass 27 for millstone dressing.
Subclass:
115
Of valve and seat:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Abrading
machine in which the abrading is accomplished by mutual
moving contact between plural workpieces intended to be used
together to contain and adjustably restrict the flow of
fluid.
Subclass:
116
Plug cock:
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Abrading
machine by which a plug cock and its seat are abraded to fit
by mutual moving contact, with or without an abrasive
supply.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
83.5 for a portable valve refitting device involving the use
of a cutting tool that turns about an axis and moves along
that axis with respect to a workpiece.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 175+ for
a portable valve refitting device involving the use of a
milling cutter.
Subclass:
117
Poppet valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Abrading
machine by which a poppet valve and its seat are abraded to a
fit by mutual moving contact.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
83.5 for a portable valve refitting device involving the use
of a cutting tool that turns about an axis and moves along
that axis with respect to a workpiece.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 175+ for
a portable valve refitting device involving the use of a
milling cutter.
Subclass:
118
Slide valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Abrading
machine by which a slide valve and its seat are abraded to a
fit by mutual moving contact.
Subclass:
119
Rotary reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
using an abrading tool the motion of which can be defined as
a first movement about an axis and a second movement
to-and-fro along a line.
(1) Note. In this subclass is a machine in which the active
face of the tool is not necessarily or distinctively either
the peripheral or the radial face and the reciprocation is
other than a simple rectilinear or oscillating movement in
one plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 162+ for an abrading machine using a
reciprocating tool not having rotary motion.
subclasses 177+ for an abrading machine using a rotary tool
not having reciprocating motion.
421 for a cutting machine knife sharpening attachment which
uses a rotary reciprocating abrading tool.
425 for a roll or wheel abrading attachment which uses a
rotary reciprocating abrading tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 32
for a boot brushing machine in which the tool has a rotary
reciprocating motion.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 189 for a
drive means for an earth boring tool which reciprocates and
rotates the tool.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, for a
drilling machine which feeds the work or tool or both
relative to one another along the axis of relative rotation
of tool and work; especially, subclass 18 for a machine
including a tool of that class type combined with abrasive
means to refurbish that tool, subclass 27 for an operation of
that class combined with a cutting operation of another class
utilizing a crystalline tool, and subclass 145 for a tool
operable in that class manner having a crystalline cutting
edge.
Subclass:
120
Cylindrical tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Abrading
machine wherein the abrading tool has a work engaging surface
coextensive with and parallel to the axis about which it
turns.
(1) Note. In this subclass is a machine in which the
reciprocation of the abrading tool is other than a simple
rectilinear or oscillating movement in one plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 for a machine including a cylindrical abrading tool not
having reciprocating motion.
Subclass:
121
Oscillating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Abrading
machine wherein the abrading tool moves to-and-fro about an
axis.
(1) Note. Including herein is a "rocking" tool (i.e., one
which moves to-and-fro about an axis that coincides with the
point of engagement of the tool with the workpiece).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
163 for an abrading machine including an oscillating tool
not having rotary motion about another axis.
Subclass:
122
Harvester knife:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Abrading
machine especially adapted for sharpening the cutting edge of
a member intended to be used in gathering agricultural
produce.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 225, 230, 235, 349, 372+, and 421, for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., a mower or
reaper knife).
Subclass:
123
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is caused to turn about an
axis.
Subclass:
124
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Abrading
machine wherein the abrading tool moves to-and-fro in a
straight line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
164 for an abrading machine using a rectilinearly
reciprocating tool not having rotary motion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, for the driving mechanism.
Subclass:
125
Pattern and follower driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine wherein the rectilinear motion is actuated by a
moving templet and coacting member riding thereon.
Subclass:
126
Blade reversing (e.g., razor blade):
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine particularly adapted to present to the tool, a
workpiece comprising a cutting member having a cutting edge
in a first position, then turn the member over and present it
in a second position for sharpening opposing bevels of the
cutting edge.
Subclass:
127
Compound rectilinear motion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine using the external peripheral face of a rotary
abrading tool which has also rectilinear reciprocating
movements at angles to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166 for an abrading machine using a tool having compound,
rectilinear reciprocating motion, but not rotary motion.
Subclass:
128
Harvester knife:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine especially adapted for sharpening the cutting edge of
a member intended to be used in gathering agricultural
produce.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 225, 230, 235, 349, 372+, and 421, for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., a mower or
reaper knife).
Subclass:
129
One-way tool cut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine wherein the abrading tool functions during its
traverse in one direction only, returning idle to the
starting point.
Subclass:
130
One-way work traverse:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is carried past the tool for
abrading in one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 182+ 260+, and 299+, for other machines having
one-way work traverse.
Subclass:
131
Roller work feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Abrading
machine which the workpiece is fed past the grinder in one
direction only by feed rollers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 172, 188+, 207+, and 301, for other roller work feeds.
Subclass:
132
Opposed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine and having a second rotary rectilinearly
reciprocating cylindrical tool arranged to act upon opposite
sides of the work simultaneously with or in alternation to
the first tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 112, 190+, 194+, 262+, and 302, for other opposed tools.
Subclass:
133
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is carried by a work gripping
member that moves to-and-fro.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 136+ 170+, 199+, 212+, 264+, 272+, 305+, 314+,
320+, and 392+, for other reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
134
Rotating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is gripped and turned about an
axis while being ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
106 and see the notes thereto for rotary work holders.
subclasses 140+ 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+,
306, 307+, 317+, 394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
135
Planetary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine wherein the tool turns about a first axis passing
through its geometrical center, which axis, in turn, turns
about a second axis that is outside the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
211 and 271, for other tools having planetary motion.
Subclass:
136
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine having a workpiece gripping means that moves
to-and-fro.
(1) Note. In this subclass are collected those machines in
which the reciprocating motion of the work holder is other
than simple rectilinear or rocking motion in one plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 170+, 199+, 212+, 264+, 272+, 305+, 314+, 320+, and 392+,
for other reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
137
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is moved to-and-fro along a
straight line.
Subclass:
138
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is turned to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the tool
with the workpiece.
(1) Note. A rocking workpiece is engaged by the abrading
tool in the manner that a rocking chair is engaged by the
floor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
171 201+, 204+, 216+, 226+, 266, 276+, and 396, for other
rocking work holders.
Subclass:
139
Swinging tool carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine in which the tool is mounted in a swinging frame to
permit application of the tool to any desired part of the
workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 174+ 236, 280, and 310, for other swinging tool
carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
38, Textiles, Ironing or Smoothing, subclass 45 for a rotary
and reciprocating ironing roll.
83, Cutting, subclass 490 for a rotatable tool carrier.
144, Woodworking, subclass 103 for a woodworking machine,
generally mounted on an overhead pivot, adapted to be freely
swung to operative position.
Subclass:
140
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece turns about an axis.
(1) Note. In this subclass are collected those machines in
which the work is rotated without the use of a rotary work
holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
141
Helical blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Abrading
machine specifically adapted for sharpening a cutting member
the cutting edge of which is disposed parallel to and along
an axis in such a way that the edge extends about the axis as
it extends therealong.
Subclass:
142
Cylindrical surface (e.g., roll) abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Abrading
machine especially adapted for grinding an outwardly facing
surface of the shape of a line which rotates about a central
axis.
(1) Note. Included herein is grinding of a rotating roll,
shaft, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
146 258, 254+, and 290, for a disk or wheel abrading
machine.
348 and 424+, for a wheel or roll grinder.
Subclass:
143
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Abrading
machine including a member which grips and turns the
workpiece about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+, 324+,
and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an abrading
machine.
Subclass:
144
Pattern and follower driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Abrading
machine wherein the rectilinear motion is actuated by a
moving templet and coacting member riding thereon.
Subclass:
145
Hydraulic driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Abrading
machine wherein rotary motion is actuated by a fluid motor.
Subclass:
146
Disk or wheel abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Abrading
machine especially adapted for abrading a rotary platelike
member or rolling element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for a roll grinder.
146 254+, 258, and 290, for a disk or wheel abrading
machine.
348 and 424+, for a roll or wheel grinder.
Subclass:
147
Gear abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Abrading
machine especially adapted for the grinding of a gear.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for a gear or worm grinding process.
subclasses 114+ for apparatus for grinding by mutual
contact between two members (e.g., between plural gears).
subclasses 237+ for a templet guided rotary, periphery face
abrading tool.
Subclass:
148
Hob:
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Abrading
machine in which the grinding tool is formed with a helical
groove or tooth on its working surface for meshing with and
grinding a gear.
Subclass:
149
Turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is carried by a rotary table
presenting a series of workpieces in succession to the
grinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 247+ 292, and 401, for other abrading machines
with a workpiece carrying turret.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 35.5 for a work or tool turret
for a combined machine.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 813 for an
assembly with means to turn a shaft or rotatably mounted
device about its axis to one or more selected loci including
means to prevent or hold against rotation at such loci.
Subclass:
150
Rectilinearly reciprocating tool carriage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine in which the grinding tool is mounted on support
structure having to-and-fro motion along a straight line.
Subclass:
151
Hydraulic driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Abrading
machine wherein the reciprocating motion is effected by a
fluid motor.
Subclass:
152
Screw and nut driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Abrading
machine wherein the reciprocating motion is effected by
relative rotation between coaxial, complimentary threaded
members.
Subclass:
153
Flexible driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Abrading
machine in which the reciprocating motion is effected by a
pliant element (e.g., by a rope, chain, or cable).
Subclass:
154
Rack and pinion driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Abrading
machine wherein the reciprocating motion is caused by a
toothed bar meshed with a gear.
Subclass:
155
Reciprocating spindle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Abrading
machine wherein the rotary tool is supported by a spindle
which also moves in a back and forth linear motion along its
axis.
Subclass:
156
Hydraulic driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Abrading
machine wherein the reciprocating motion is effected by a
fluid motor.
Subclass:
157
Cam and follower driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Abrading
machine wherein the reciprocating motion is effected by
interengagement of a rotating member having an eccentric
surface with a member which engages and conforms to the
movement of that surface.
Subclass:
158
Disk tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Abrading
machine wherein the abrading tool has a radial or flat face
normal to the axis about which it turns.
(1) Note. In this subclass are collected patents in which
the reciprocating motion of the tool is other than a simple
rectilinear or rocking reciprocation in a single plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 158+ 259+, 353, 359, and 548+, for other rotary
abrading disk tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 64+ for
milling generally and subclasses 288+ for planing generally.
Subclass:
159
Oscillating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Abrading
machine wherein the abrading tool moves to-and-fro about an
axis.
(1) Note. Including herein is a "rocking" tool (i.e., one
which moves to-and-fro about an axis that coincides with the
point of engagement of the tool with the workpiece).
Subclass:
160
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Abrading
machine wherein the rotary abrading tool has to-and-fro
movement along a straight line, in one plane.
Subclass:
161
Gear abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Abrading
machine specifically disclosed for finishing a gear.
Subclass:
162
Reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
in which the abrading tool has a to-and-fro abrading
movement.
(1) Note. In this subclass are collected machines in which
the tool has other than a simple oscillation in one plane or
a simple or compound rectilinear reciprocating movement in
one plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
108 for a reciprocating tool scouring device.
subclasses 119+ for a rotary reciprocating tool machine.
351 for a portable grinding machine with a reciprocating
tool.
subclasses 426+ for a reciprocating tool, roll, or wheel
grinding attachment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 78 for a reciprocating
tool machine for burnishing boots or shoes.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 33
and 37 for a reciprocating brush machine for cleaning or
polishing boots.
29, Metal Working, subclass 90.3 for burnishing paper with a
heated reciprocating tool.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, for a reciprocating
ironing tool or machine.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 189 and the
search there noted for a drive means for an earth boring tool
which reciprocates the tool.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass
283 for a comminuting machine having a reciprocating
comminuting surface.
Subclass:
163
Oscillating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Machine in
which the abrading tool moves to-and-fro about an axis, in
one plane during abrading.
(1) Note. Including herein is a "rocking" tool (i.e., one
which moves to-and-fro about an axis that coincides with the
point of engagement of the tool with the workpiece).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 121+ for an abrading machine which uses a
rotary-oscillating tool.
Subclass:
164
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Abrading
machine in which the abrading tool moves to-and-fro along a
straight line in one plane during abrading.
Subclass:
165
Ultrasonic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine wherein the grinding tool is vibrated at a frequency
higher than that heard by the human ear (i.e., above about
20,000 cycles per second).
Subclass:
166
Compound rectilinear motion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine in which a tool having only
rectilinearly-reciprocating movements has some of such
movements at an angle to each other in one plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
127 for a machine having a rotary tool also having a
compound reciprocating motion.
Subclass:
167
Endless work carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine operating on work presented by a band-type work
advancing means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 184+ and 300, for other endless work carriers.
Subclass:
168
Flexible strip or endless band tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine in which the tool is a flexible or yielding
end-supported strip or band in distinction from a pad or
cushion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 296+ especially 313+, for other flexible tools.
Subclass:
169
Stropping machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Abrading
machine especially organized and adapted for stropping a
razor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
316 and 318, for other strops.
459 for a strop surface renewing device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclasses 35+, for a razor combined with means
to facilitate sharpening or for a device to facilitate
sharpening a razor, per se, if features are claimed
restricting the device to use with a razor, such as means for
securing the blade in operative relation to a gauge or guard
that protects the skin from cuts.
Subclass:
170
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine in which the work holder also has to-and-fro
movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 136+, 199+, 212+, 264+, 272+, 305+, 314+, 320+, and 392+,
for other reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
171
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Abrading
machine in which the work holder turns to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the tool
with the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 201+, 204+, 216+, 226+, 266, 276+, and 396, for other
rocking work holders.
Subclass:
172
Roller work feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine in which the work is presented by feed rollers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 131, 188+, 207+, and 301, for other roller work feeds.
Subclass:
173
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine including a member which grips and turns the
workpiece about an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+, 324+,
and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an abrading
machine.
Subclass:
174
Swinging tool carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine in which the tool is so mounted as to be capable of
swinging to the desired point of application to the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139 236, 280, and 310, for other swinging tool carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 490 for a swinging-saw mount.
144, Woodworking, subclass 103 for a woodworking machine,
generally mounted on an overhead pivot, adapted to be freely
swung to operative position.
Subclass:
175
Having actuating handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Abrading
machine in which the tool is reciprocated for grinding by the
hand of the operator with a simple rectilinear motion in one
plane and is mounted in a swinging carrier.
Subclass:
176
Drawing reel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is a continuous length of wire
or the like traversed past the tool by a winding-drum.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 and 183, for other work feeds of this type.
Subclass:
177
Rotary tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
using an abrading instrumentality that turns about an axis
more than 360 deg. during operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 109+ and 111+, for a scouring machine which uses
a rotary tool.
subclasses 119+ for an abrading machine using a rotary
reciprocating tool.
subclasses 296+ for an abrading machine using an endless
band tool.
subclasses 344+ for a frame or mount for a portable machine
which may use a rotary tool.
subclasses 420+ for an attachment to a machine which uses a
rotary abrading tool to sharpen a knife thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 77 for a rotary tool
machine for burnishing boots or shoes.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 34
for a rotary brush machine for cleaning, blacking, or
polishing boots.
144, Woodworking, subclass 28.1 for a pencil-sharpening
machine in which an abrasive tool and support structure
therefor are in rotary relation to a work holder or work
guide; and subclasses 28.1 and 28.9 in which the tool is
nonrotary (stationary in subclass 28.1, reciprocal or
oscillatory in subclass 28.9) and the work holder is rotated
relative thereto.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses
277+ for a rotating comminuting surface.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
appropriate subclasses for a drilling machine which feed the
tool or work or both relative to one another along the axis
of relative rotation of tool and work.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 64+,
Milling, especially subclasses 138, 139, and 140 for a
machine having means to trim edge and to remove scale, raised
surface imperfection, flash, or burr.
Subclass:
178
Rotary cylinder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Abrading
machine in which abrading is accomplished using the axially
extending peripheral face of the rotary tool.
(1) Note. The face of the abrading tool is substantially
parallel to the axis of rotation.
(2) Note. A device including a tool face not clearly radial
is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 109+ for a scouring machine that uses a rotary
cylinder-type scouring tool.
subclasses 120+ for an abrading machine that uses a rotary
reciprocating tool.
352 for a frame or mount for a portable machine using a
rotary cylinder abrading tool.
subclasses 541+ for a rotary rigid cylindrical tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 28.11 and 28.6+ for a
pencil-sharpening machine in which a peripheral-face abrasive
tool is in rotary relation to a work holder or work guide;
and subclass 28.9, in which the support structure for the
tool is stationary, relative to supporting structure for the
machine, and the work holder is rotary, relative thereto.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 64+ for
a milling machine or for a machine disclosed as being for use
with either a milling tool or an abrading tool.
Subclass:
179
Linear indexing of the tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the tool is moved to a succession of
different positions with regular incremental movements
relative to a linear dimension of a workpiece.
Subclass:
180
Internal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the abrading is done by the radially
inwardly facing peripheral face.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclasses 49+ for a miscellaneous single
operation machine.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 143 for a
milling machine having means for internal milling.
Subclass:
181
Abrading crank-pin:
This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Abrading
machine especially adapted to grind a journal bearing for
receiving a crankshaft.
Subclass:
182
One-way work traverse:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is carried past the tool in
one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 130+ 260, 261, and 299+, for other machines
having one-way work traverse.
Subclass:
183
Drawing reel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Abrading
machine having a winding member on which the work is wound
that turns about an axis and pulls the work rectilinearly in
one direction across the tool
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 and 176, for other work feeds of this type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
140, Wireworking, subclass 1 for a combined machine and
subclass 139 for a wire cutting and straightening machine
having a work feed of this type.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, for a miscellaneous
winding or reeling device.
Subclass:
184
Endless work carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Abrading
machine having a moving conveyor which carries a workpiece
rectilinearly in one direction only past the rotary abrading
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 for other endless work carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, for an endless conveyor, per
se.
Subclass:
185
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
186
Nut and screw:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is fed past the tool by the
relative rotation of elements having a helical groove cut
into their surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 424.8 for
miscellaneous screw and nut gearing.
Subclass:
187
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
188
Roller work feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is fed past the tool by
feed-rollers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 131, 172, 207, and 301, for other roller work feeds.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 604, 608, 611+, 624,
and 780+ for a conveyor, per se, having power-driven
roll(s).
Subclass:
189
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is turned about an axis,
generally by the feed rollers themselves, while being fed
past the tool in one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 274, 283+, 306, 307+,
317+, 379, 385, 394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
414, Material or Article Handling, subclasses 431+ for
apparatus for advancing and rotating an elongated article by
means adapted to engage the article between its ends.
Subclass:
190
Opposed abrading tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Abrading
machine in which a plurality of grinding tools are located on
opposite or different sides of the workpiece and
simultaneously or successively treat such opposite or
different sides thereof.
Subclass:
191
Razor blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Abrading
machine in which the work member is intended to shave.
Subclass:
192
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
193
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
194
Opposed abrading tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which a plurality of grinding tools are located on
opposite or different sides of the workpiece and
simultaneously or successively treat such opposite or
different sides thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 132+ 262+, and 302, for other opposed tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 50 for a
machine having a rotary cutting or abrading device for truing
the points or sides of the teeth of a saw blade.
Subclass:
195
Alternating tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Abrading
machine in which abrading tools act in alternation upon a
relatively stationary workpiece.
Subclass:
196
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
197
Plunger infeeder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Abrading
machine in which the work is fed between the tools by a
reciprocating pushing device.
Subclass:
198
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
199
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Abrading
machine having a member which carries the workpiece in an
alternating back-and-forth movement.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a device in which the work
holder has a motion other than a rectilinear reciprocation in
one plane, a simple rocking reciprocation, or such a
reciprocation combined with a rocking movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 136+, 170+, 199+, 212+, 264+, 272+, 305+, 314+, 320+, and
389+, for other reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
200
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Abrading
machine in which the work holder back-and-forth movement is
in a straight line.
Subclass:
201
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Abrading
machine in which the work holder moves to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the
abrading tool and the workpiece and the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 171, 204+, 216+, 226+, 266, 276+, and 396, for other
rocking work holders.
Subclass:
202
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
203
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
204
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Abrading
machine in which the work holder moves to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the
abrading tool and the workpiece and the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 171, 201, 216, 226+, 266, and 276+, for other machines
having rocking work holders.
Subclass:
205
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
206
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
207
Roller work feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is forwarded between the
abrading tools by feed-rollers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 131, 172, 188, and 301, for other roller work feeds.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 604, 608, 611+, 624,
and 780+, for a conveyor, per se, having power-driven
rollers.
Subclass:
208
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
209
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece turns about an axis.
(1) Note. In this subclass are collected those machines in
which the workpiece rotates without the use of a rotary work
holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
210
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is secured to a rotary drive
element for support and rotation therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+, 324+,
and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an abrading
machine.
Subclass:
211
Planetary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the abrading tool is mounted for bodily
movement in an orbit, as well as for rotation on its own
axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 and 271, for other tools having planetary motion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 122 wherein
the cutting tool is supported for rotation about its axis and
for relative arcuate translatory movement about the
circumference of the workpiece.
Subclass:
212
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine having means to carry the workpiece in an alternating
back-and-forth movement.
(1) Note. The reciprocating movement of the work holder in
this subclass is other than a simple or compound rectilinear
movement in a single plane, such a movement combined with a
rocking or rotary movement, a simple rocking movement, or
such movement combined with a rotary movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 136+, 170+, 199+, 264+, 272+, 305+, 314+, 320+, and 230+,
for other reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
213
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Abrading
machine in which the work holder movement is in a straight
line.
Subclass:
214
Indexing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Abrading
machine which is adapted to hold a workpiece in a succession
of different positions with regular incremental movements
relative to the abrading surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 198 for an
indexable work holder which feeds a rotary cutter toward the
workpiece and subclass 221 for an indexable work supporting
structure.
Subclass:
215
Compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Abrading
machine in which the work holder straight line movement is in
two or more directions at an angle to one another.
Subclass:
216
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Abrading
machine in which the work holder moves to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the
abrading tool and the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 171, 201, 204, 226+, 266, and 276+, for other rocking
work holders.
Subclass:
217
Hob, tap, or fluted thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Abrading
machine which grinds teeth, grooves, or threads.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 11 and 12
for apparatus for or method of hobbing.
Subclass:
218
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is turned about an axis while
being reciprocated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 209+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
274 and 306, for other combined work rotating and
reciprocating.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 65+ for
thread or helix generating.
Subclass:
219
Gear forming:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Abrading
machine which grinds a workpiece to form a gear.
(1) Note. Hobbing by use of an abrading tool is included
herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 147+ 253, and 275, for other gear grinders with a
reciprocating or rotating work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 65+ for
thread or helix generating.
Subclass:
220
Long helix:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Abrading
machine which grinds a helical form on a workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 222+ for abrading a comparatively short helix on
a workpiece to form a thread therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 65+ for
thread or helix generating.
Subclass:
221
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Abrading
machine including a rotary workpiece gripping means for
rotating with the work during the abrading operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307,
324, and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an
abrading machine.
Subclass:
222
Thread abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Abrading
machine which grinds a helical groove in a workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
220 for an abrading means for forming a long helix on a
workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 65+ for
thread or helix generating.
Subclass:
223
Including work support engaging work at opposite, axial ends
(e.g., opposed "centers"):
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Abrading
machine having a pair of members intended to contact an
elongated, generally rodlike workpiece at both ends to
support the workpiece while allowing the workpiece to rotate
with respect to the abrading tool.
Subclass:
224
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 203, 206, and 367+, for other reciprocating blade
holders.
Subclass:
225
Harvester knife:
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Abrading
machine especially adapted for sharpening the cutting edge of
a member intended to be used in gathering agricultural
produce.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 128, 230, 235, 349, 372+, and 421, for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., a mower or
reaper knife).
Subclass:
226
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Abrading
machine in which the work holder moves to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the
abrading tool and the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 171, 201, 204, 216, 266, and 276, for other machines with
a rocking work holder.
Subclass:
227
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Abrading
machine in which the rocking workpiece is turned about an
axis while being abraded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
123 218, 274, and 306, for other combined work rotating and
reciprocating.
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, and Planing, subclass 76 for
means to rotate a workpiece and means to interrelatedly
infeed the work relative to the tool.
Subclass:
228
Noncircular cross section:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece has a noncircular cross
section, for example a cam or lobed surface.
Subclass:
229
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 203, 206, 367+, and 392+, for other reciprocating blade
holders.
Subclass:
230
Harvester knife:
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Abrading
machine especially adapted for sharpening the cutting edge of
a member intended to be used in gathering agricultural
produce.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 128, 225, 235, 349, 372+, and 421+ for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., mower or
reaper knife).
Subclass:
231
Stationary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is supported by a member which
does not move during the abrading.
(1) Note. The work position may be changed before or after
abrading engagement.
Subclass:
232
Reversing, obverting, or pivoting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Abrading
machine in which the work holder provides for a plurality of
work positions by an end for end, edge for edge, or angular
swing of the work holder.
(1) Note. Included here is a device for sharpening a single
edge or double-edged razor blade.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
279 for a similar work holder in combination with a radial
face tool.
Subclass:
233
Spaced portions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Abrading
machine for grinding at least two distinct remote locations
on a workpiece.
Subclass:
234
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
126 278+, and 364+, for other knife grinders or stationary
blade holders.
Subclass:
235
Harvester knife:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Abrading
machine especially adapted for sharpening the cutting edge of
a member intended to be used in gathering agricultural
produce.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 128, 225, 230, 349, 372+ and 421 for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., a mower or
reaper knife).
Subclass:
236
Swinging tool carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the abrading tool is mounted in a swinging
frame to permit application of the tool to any desired part
of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139 174, 280, and 310, for other swinging tool carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 490 for a tool carrier for a rotatable
tool, which carrier is oscillated or rotated.
144, Woodworking, subclass 103 for a woodworking machine,
generally mounted on an overhead pivot, adapted to be freely
swung to operative position.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 64+,
Milling, particularly subclasses 183+ for means to infeed a
rotary cutter toward a workpiece.
Subclass:
237
Templet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the abrading of the workpiece is under the
control of a pattern and a follower.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 and 281, for other template combinations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 134.1 for shaping of wood.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 64+,
Milling, particularly subclasses 67 and 130 having means to
regulate operation by use of a templet.
Subclass:
238
Pantograph:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Abrading
machine wherein the templet is traced by an articulated
parallelogram linkage which proportionally directs the motion
of the abrading tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 86+ for
other pantograph combinations.
Subclass:
239
Rotary templet or pattern:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Abrading
machine wherein the pattern is rotated.
Subclass:
240
Lens abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Abrading
machine wherein the rotary templet is specifically disclosed
for grinding an optical device made from glass, plastic, or
other transparent material.
(1) Note. This subclass takes a device for lens surface
polishing as well as one for lens generating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for a method of grinding a lens.
255 256, 277, and 323, for other lens grinders.
Subclass:
241
Work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine including a member or rest to facilitate the
application of the work to the tool at the proper angle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 and 282, for other work guides.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 253.1 for a work guide.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 205 and 225
for a work holder or guide.
Subclass:
242
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Abrading
machine in which the work is turned about an axis while being
abraded.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a machine in which a
workpiece is other than a disk or wheel and is merely
rotated, without the use of a specific rotary work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
243
With "dead" center:
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is slidingly supported for
rotation by a nonrotating member at surface of the workpiece
that coincides with the axis about which the workpiece
rotates during abrading.
(1) Note. Opposed "dead" centers are included in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 397+ for a work holder for an abrading machine
having centers which support the workpiece for rotation.
Subclass:
244
Work handling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Abrading
machine wherein the work is loaded into a grinding position,
supported for rotation while in contact with the abrading
tool, and then unloaded.
(1) Note. This subclass includes patents for centerless
grinders wherein the workpiece location is fixed during
abrading.
Subclass:
245
Through feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Abrading
machine in which the work is traversed axially past the
abrading tool in one direction during the abrading process.
(1) Note. This subclass includes patents disclosing
centerless grinding machines having a regulating wheel
opposite the grinder for rotating and traversing the work
past the grinder.
Subclass:
246
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Abrading
machine including a member adapted to grip and turn with the
work about an axis more than 360 deg..
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+,
324+, and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an
abrading machine.
Subclass:
247
Turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine including a rotating table which brings a number of
workpieces in succession to the abrading tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
149 292, 308, and 401, for other turrets.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 35.5 for plural diverse
manufacturing apparatus including a work or tool turret.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 813+ for a
rotary member or shaft with means to index the rotary member
or shaft about its axis to one or more selected loci
including means to prevent or hold against rotation at such
loci.
Subclass:
248
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
249
Spaced abrading areas:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is abraded in at least two
distinct locations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 233+ 397+, and 399, for an abrading process
involving plural distinct abrading areas on the workpiece.
Subclass:
250
By hob:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine in which the grinding tool is formed with a helical
groove or tooth on its working surface for meshing with and
grinding a gear.
Subclass:
251
Abrading eccentric shape:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine having means to infeed either the workpiece or the
grinding tool as the workpiece is rotated in order to grind a
lobed surface.
Subclass:
252
Valve abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine particularly adapted to grind a sealing surface of a
member intended to be used to contain and adjustably restrict
the flow of fluid.
Subclass:
253
Gear abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine specifically disclosed for finishing a gear by
meshing with a toothed grinding tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
250 for abrading a gear by use of a hob.
Subclass:
254
Disk or wheel abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine especially adapted for the grinding of a flat,
circular plate or circular ring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for a roll grinder.
146 258, and 290, for a disk or wheel abrading machine.
348 and 424+, for a roll or wheel grinder.
Subclass:
255
Lens abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Abrading
machine specifically disclosed for grinding an optical device
made from glass, plastic, or other transparent material.
(1) Note. This subclass takes a device for lens surface
polishing as well as one for lens generating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for a method of grinding a lens.
240 256, 277, and 323, for other lens grinders.
Subclass:
256
Lens abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine specifically disclosed for grinding an optical device
made from glass, plastic, or other transparent material.
(1) Note. This subclass takes a device for lens surface
polishing as well as one for lens generating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for a method of grinding a lens.
240 255, 277, and 323, for other lens grinders.
Subclass:
257
Glassware ornamenting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Abrading
machine especially adapted for producing a decorative pattern
on an article made of glass.
(1) Note. Included herein is means to produce so-called
"cut-glass."
Subclass:
258
Disk or wheel abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Abrading
machine especially adapted for grinding a flat, circular
plate or circular ring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for a roll grinder.
146 254+, and 290, for a disk or wheel abrading machine.
348 and 424+, for a roll or wheel grinder.
Subclass:
259
Rotary disk:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Abrading
machine in which the abrading is done by a rigid tool,
including a circular, planar surface, which tool is intended
to turn about an axis normal to and passing through that
surface to abrade the work by that surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 111+ 158+, and 548+, for other rotary radial face
tools.
353 for a portable floor grinding machine with a disk tool.
Subclass:
260
One-way work traverse:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is traversed past the tool in
one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 130+ 182+, 261, and 299+, for other machines
having one-way work traverse.
Subclass:
261
Opposed abrading tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Abrading
machine having a plurality of abrading tools located on
opposite or different sides of the workpiece which
simultaneously or successively treat such opposite or
different sides thereof.
Subclass:
262
Opposed abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine having a plurality of abrading tools located on
opposite or different sides of the workpiece which
simultaneously or successively treat such opposite or
different sides thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 132+, 158, 194+, 261, and 302, for other opposed tools.
Subclass:
263
Blade reversing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Abrading
machine particularly adapted for sharpening opposed bevel
surfaces of a blade edge wherein each of the opposed abrading
tools operates on a respective bevel.
Subclass:
264
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Abrading
machine having means to carry the workpiece alternatingly
back-and-forth during abrading.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a machine in which the
reciprocating work holder has motion other than a simple
rectilinear one or a simple oscillation or rocking.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 133+ 136+, 170+, 199+, 212+, 272+, 305+, 314+,
and 320+, for other reciprocating work holders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 162 for
means to reciprocate or oscillate work.
Subclass:
265
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Abrading
machine in which the work holder reciprocation is in a
straight line.
Subclass:
266
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Abrading
machine in which the work holder moves to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the
abrading tool and the workpiece.
(1) Note. A rocking workpiece is engaged by the abrading
tool in the manner that a rocking chair is engaged by the
floor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 201+, 204+, 216+, 226+, 276+, and 396, for other rocking
work holders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 162 for
means to reciprocate or oscillate work.
Subclass:
267
Work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Abrading
machine including a member or rest which facilitates the
application of the workpiece to the tool at a proper angle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 282, 545, 549, and 555, for other work guides.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 253.1 for a work guide to be used
with a machine of that class.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 205 and 225
for a work holder or guide.
Subclass:
268
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is turned about an axis while
being abraded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140+, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 283+, 306, 307+, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
269
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is mounted in or on a member
which turns about an axis during abrading of the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 285+, 307+, 324+,
and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an abrading
machine.
Subclass:
270
Orbital:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine in which the tool rotates about an axis which is
eccentric to the geometric tool center axis.
(1) Note. The tool rotation is about an axis other than the
geometrical center of the tool which results in the center of
the tool being revolved in an orbit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
47 wherein at least one tool is driven by an orbiting wrist
plate.
Subclass:
271
Planetary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Abrading
machine in which the tool revolves about an axis within
itself and also about an axis outside itself, so as to follow
a planetary path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 211, 437, and 440, for other tools having planetary
motion.
Subclass:
272
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine having means to carry the workpiece in an alternating
back-and-forth movement.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a machine in which the
work holder has a reciprocation other than a simple
rectilinear one, such motion combined with work rotating, or
a simple rocking or oscillation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 136+, 170+, 199+, 212+, 264+, 305+, 314+, 320+, and 392+,
for other reciprocating work holders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 162 for
reciprocating or oscillating means to infeed work to the
cutter.
Subclass:
273
Rectilinear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Abrading
machine using the radial face of an abrading tool having
rotary motion only and a work holder having simple
rectilinear reciprocation.
Subclass:
274
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Abrading
machine in which the work is rotated during reciprocation of
the work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 218+ 227+, 306, and 394, for other combined work
rotating and reciprocating.
Subclass:
275
Gear generating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Abrading
machine specifically disclosed for forming of gear teeth on a
blank.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 161, and 219, for other gear grinding machines.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 10+ for
gear tooth shape generating and subclasses 65+ for thread or
helix generating.
Subclass:
276
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Abrading
machine in which the work holder moves to-and-fro about an
axis that coincides with the point of engagement of the
abrading tool and the workpiece and the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 171, 201+, 204+, 216+, 226+, 266, 276+, and 396, for
other rocking work holders.
Subclass:
277
Lens abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Abrading
machine specifically disclosed for forming the surface of an
optical device made from glass, plastic, or other transparent
material.
(1) Note. This subclass takes a device for lens surface
polishing as well as one for lens generating.
Subclass:
278
Stationary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine using a work holder which does not move during the
grinding operation.
Subclass:
279
Reversing, obverting, or pivoting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Abrading
machine in which the work holder provides for a plurality of
work positions by an end for end, edge for edge, or angular
swing of the work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
232 for a similar work holder in combination with a rotary
cylinder abrading tool.
Subclass:
280
Swinging tool carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine wherein the abrading tool is mounted in a carrier
which may be swung to apply the tool to any desired point of
the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 68, 99, 139, 147, 156, 174, and 310, for other swinging
tool carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 490 for a tool carrier for a rotatable
tool which is oscillated or rotated
144, Woodworking, subclass 103 for a woodworking machine,
generally mounted on an overhead pivot, adapted to be freely
swung to operative position.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass 64, Milling,
particularly subclasses 183+ for means to infeed a rotary
cutter toward a workpiece.
Subclass:
281
Templet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine in which the abrading of the workpiece is under the
control of a pattern and a follower.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 236+ for other template combinations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 134.1 for shaping of wood.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 64+,
Milling, particularly subclasses 67+; subclasses 79+ and 130
for a pattern controlled milling machine; and subclasses 290+
for a pattern controlled planing machine.
Subclass:
282
Work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine using a member to position the workpiece with
reference to the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 267, 545, 549, and 555, for other work guides.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 82+ for
sharpening a cutting tool other than by an abrading member.
144, Woodworking, subclass 253.1 for a work guide for a
machine of that class.
Subclass:
283
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine in which the work is turned about an axis while being
abraded.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a machine in which the
workpiece rotates while being abraded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 306, 307+, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
284
Raceway:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Abrading
machine intended to abrade a workpiece; wherein the workpiece
comprises a component of a ball-bearing assembly,
particularly the track on which the balls are to ride.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclasses 80+ for disclosure of
deforming during rotation of work, especially subclasses 95+
wherein the work is also moved longitudinally.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, subclass 332 for shaping means imparting rolling
action to a discrete charge of plastic stock to form a ball.
Subclass:
285
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Abrading
machine including a member adapted to grip and turn with the
work about an axis more than 360 deg..
(1) Note. In this subclass and subclasses indented
hereunder are collected rotary work holders other than those
for disk and wheel grinders, and those in which the work
holder has planetary motion or takes the form of a turret.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+,
324+, and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an
abrading machine.
Subclass:
286
By means loosely confining work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Abrading
machine wherein the workpiece is bounded by the work holder
which is dimensioned so that the workpiece contained therein
may move within the holder during the abrading operation.
(1) Note. One type of work holder found herein is a work
holding ring which loosely circumscribes the workpiece. Such
a ring may be provided with a pressure plate which urges the
work into contact with a grinding tool.
Subclass:
287
Planar surface abrading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Abrading
machine wherein the work holder rotates the work about an
axis either parallel to or coincident with the axis of the
abrading tool.
Subclass:
288
Having pressure plate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Abrading
machine including means bearing directly upon the work to
apply grinding pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
286 for a similar machine including a pressure plate in
combination with a rotary work holder loosely confining the
workpiece.
Subclass:
289
Having vacuum or adhesive securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Abrading
machine wherein the work holder includes suction or adhesive
holding means.
Subclass:
290
Disk or wheel abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Abrading
machine especially adapted for abrading a rotary platelike
member or rolling element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for a roll grinder.
146 254+, and 258, for other disk or wheel grinders.
348 and 424+, for a roll or wheel grinder.
Subclass:
291
Planetary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Abrading
machine in which the work holder revolves about its own
longitudinal axis and also rotates about a second generally
parallel axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 211, 271, 291, and 329, for other abrading involving
planetary movement.
Subclass:
292
Turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Abrading
machine in which the workpiece is carried by a rotary member
which presents a series of workpieces which are also rotating
about their own axes in succession to the abrading tool.
(1) Note. The rotary member must pause in the abrading
position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
149 247, 308, and 401, for other turrets.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 35.5 for a work or tool turret
for a combined machine.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 813+ for an
assembly with means to turn a shaft or rotatably mounted
device about its axis to one or more selected loci including
means to prevent or hold against rotation at such loci.
Subclass:
293
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
Subclass:
294
Means to rotate tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Abrading
machine having detailed mechanisms for transmitting or
varying the rotary drive motion to the abrading tool.
(1) Note. Mechanism for varying the rotational speed of the
tool in accordance with the diameter of the tool are here
classified.
(2) Note. This subclass does not include significant parts
of the machine other than the tool drive, such as the tool or
work feeds, if provided for in a preceding subclass.
(3) Note. A motor is classified in the appropriate motor
classes, but the combination of a motor with a tool rotating
mechanism is here classified when the motor class does not
provide for the combination.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 241+ for an abrading tool which is mounted on or
driven from another machine or device which has parts thereof
that are to be abraded without removal from the machine or
device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 64 for a speed controlling
mechanism for a combined metal working machine.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 325+ for speed
change gearing and subclasses 412+ for a gear train.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, subclasses 800+
for a single motor running-speed control system with feedback
or subclasses 825+ for a single motor running-speed control
system without feedback.
464, Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts, for a flexible coupling between
a torque transmitting shaft and a driven member.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
for power transmission via an endless belt including control
for varying speed ratio.
Subclass:
295
Hydraulic driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 294. Abrading
machine wherein control of the rotary drive motion is by way
of fluid pressure.
(1) Note. This subclass takes a patent related to a
mechanism for imparting rotary motion to a tool by direct
application of fluid pressure, as well as a device for
governing the rotary motion of a tool by fluid resistance.
Excluded from this subclass is a device which is indirectly
actuated by fluid pressure such as a grinder rotated by a
piston driven crankshaft.
Subclass:
296
Endless band tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
employing an abrading tool consisting of a traveling flexible
belt of abrading material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
355 for a frame or mount for an endless band tool.
491 for other flexible, endless band tools.
513 for a "flexible-member" tool which is an endless band
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 616 for an
endless belt abrading grain huller.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 837 for specific
means for sustaining the belt, holding on a selected path or
pressing it against an object.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
subclasses 268+ for an endless belt having additional
coating, layer, or reinforcement of a diverse kind of
material.
Subclass:
297
Belt tracking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine having means to correct or adjust the lateral
position of the abrading belt on a support roller.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 3 for a jet
control-type motor.
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 83 for a jet control pressure
modulating relay or follower.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 534+ and
548+ for a detector, stop, or guide for controlling the
position of web material being wound onto a roll.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, especially subclass 2 for
feeding an envelope and subclass 6 for feeding and delivering
by a continuous endless conveyor.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
subclasses 101+ for a device of that class including means
for shifting the belt, pulley, or guide roll.
Subclass:
298
Chain:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless abrading band made up of a
series of flexibly-connected parts, after the manner of a
chain.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making, subclasses 78+ for
chain structure.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly subclasses 202+ and 237+ for a drive belt
which may be of the link type.
Subclass:
299
One-way work traverse:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band and
nonrotary means for traversing the work past the abrader in
one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 130+ 182+, and 260, for other machines having
one-way work traverse.
Subclass:
300
Endless work carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Abrading
machine employing a loop-shaped traveling abrading band and
an endless carrier traversing the work past the grinder in
one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and 184, for other endless work carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, for a power-driven endless
conveyor, per se.
Subclass:
301
Roller work feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band and
feed-rollers traversing the work past the grinder in one
direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 131, 172, 188, and 207, for other roller work feeds.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 604, 608, 611+, 624,
and 780+ for a conveyor, per se, having a power-driven
roller.
Subclass:
302
Opposed endless band abrading tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing plural endless traveling abrading bands so
mounted as to simultaneously act upon opposite sides of the
work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 132+ 194+, and 262+, for other opposed tools.
Subclass:
303
Presser or former:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band and
having means for pressing the band against the work and
causing it to conform to the shape thereof.
Subclass:
304
Reciprocating band carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band so
mounted in a carrier as to receive a bodily transverse
to-and-fro movement while running.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 162+ for other reciprocating tools, particularly
subclass 168 for a reciprocating flexible tool.
Subclass:
305
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band and a
reciprocating work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 136+, 168+, 170+, 177+, 212+, 314+, and 320+, for other
reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
306
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 305. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band and a
reciprocating work holder in which the work is turned about
an axis while being reciprocated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 317+, 394,
and 397+, for other work rotating.
218 227, and 274, for other combined work rotating and
reciprocating.
Subclass:
307
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band and a
work gripping member which rotates without reciprocation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 324,
and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an abrading
machine.
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 317+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
308
Turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 307. Abrading
machine wherein a plurality of rotating work holders are
indexed by a rotary member into sequential engagement with
the abrading tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
149 247, 292, 308, and 401, for other turret work holders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 35.5 for a work or tool turret.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 813 for a rotary
member or shaft for indexing (e.g., a tool or work turret).
Subclass:
309
Superposed endless band tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band backed
by a second endless traveling band.
Subclass:
310
Swinging band carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine employing an endless traveling abrading band mounted
on a swinging carrier, permitting it to be positioned with
relation to the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139 174, 236, and 280, for other swinging tool carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 103 for a woodworking machine,
generally mounted on an overhead pivot, adapted to be freely
swung to an operative position.
Subclass:
311
Tension device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Abrading
machine for maintaining proper tautness in endless traveling
abrading bands.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly subclasses 101+ for a belt tightener.
Subclass:
312
Stationary tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
wherein the abrading takes place solely by movement of the
workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
423 and 428, for a stationary tool attachment.
subclasses 461+ 526+, and 540+, for abrading tool
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 79.3 for a stationary
tool machine for burnishing boots or shoes.
144, Woodworking, subclass 28.1 for a pencil-sharpening
machine (i.e., one having dynamically related tool and work
holder or work guide parts), including a stationary tool; and
indented subclass 28.11 for a hand manipulable
pencil-sharpening machine wherein the tool may be held
stationary in one hand while the other hand operates the work
holder or work guide.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses
274+ for a single comminuting surface that is stationary
relative to material presented to it.
Subclass:
313
Flexible:
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Abrading
machine using a stationary abrading tool of yielding or
flexible character.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 168+ and 296+, for other flexible tools.
Subclass:
314
Reciprocating work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Abrading
machine employing a relatively stationary tool of flexible or
yielding character and a work holder moving to-and-fro over
the same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 and see the notes thereto for other reciprocating work
holders.
169 for a stropping machine.
Subclass:
315
Needle-eye polisher:
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Abrading
machine employing a relatively stationary tool of flexible or
yielding character and a work holder reciprocating thereover,
and especially adapted for abrading the eye of a needle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
163, Needle and Pin Making, subclass 1 for miscellaneous
apparatus or process for needle making.
Subclass:
316
Stropping machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Abrading
machine employing a relatively stationary tool of flexible or
yielding character and a work holder reciprocating thereover,
and especially adapted for stropping a razor blade.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
169 and 318, for other strops.
459 for a strop surface renewing device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclasses 35+ for a razor feature such as
means for securing the blade in operative relation to a gauge
or guard that protects the skin from being cut.
Subclass:
317
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Abrading
machines employing a relatively stationary tool of flexible
or yielding character and in which the work rotates.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+,
394, and 397+, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
318
Stropping machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Abrading
machine employing a relatively stationary tool of flexible or
yielding character in which the work rotates, and especially
adapted to the stropping of a razor blade.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
169 and 316, for other stropping machines.
486 for a strop surface renewing accessory.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclasses 35+ for a razor feature such as
means for securing the blade in operative relation to a gauge
or guard that protects the skin from being cut.
Subclass:
319
Rigid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Abrading
machine using an inflexible, stationary tool.
(1) Note. Collected in this subclass are machines in which
the work rotates independently of the work holder or has
motion other than simple reciprocation or rotation.
Subclass:
320
Reciprocating work holder:
Abrading machine 319 employing a relatively stationary tool
of rigid character, as a hone or whetstone, and a work holder
moving to and fro thereover.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 136+, 168+, 170+, 177+, 212+, 305, and 314+, for other
reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
321
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Abrading
machine especially adapted to sharpen the edge of a cutting
member.
(1) Note. Sharpening of a razor blade is included in this
subclass.
Subclass:
322
Blade reversing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Abrading
machine employing a relatively stationary tool of rigid
character, as a hone or whetstone, and a work holder
reciprocating thereover having means by which the direction
of presentation of the blade edge is reversed at each stroke
of the work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclasses 35+ for a razor feature such as
means for securing the blade in operative relation to a gauge
or guard that protects the skin from being cut.
Subclass:
323
Lens abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Abrading
machine specifically disclosed for grinding an optical device
made from glass, plastic, or other transparent material.
(1) Note. This subclass takes a device for lens surface
polishing as well as one for lens generating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for a method of grinding a lens.
240 255, 256, and 277, for other lens grinders.
Subclass:
324
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Abrading
machine employing a relatively stationary tool of rigid
character and in which the work is rotated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307+,
and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an abrading
machine.
Subclass:
325
Lens abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Abrading
machine especially adapted for abrading an optical device
made from glass, plastic, or other transparent material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 42+ for a lens grinding process.
240 277, 256, and 323, for other lens grinders.
Subclass:
326
Tumbling device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Abrading machine
or abrading shape for use therewith including means for
abrading of one or more workpieces during a series of free
fall movements, or propulsions, resulting from forces
imparted thereon by a work receptacle in motion (generally
rotational), and wherein the abrading contact may be: (a)
that of mutual attrition between similarly freely moving work
bodies; and/or (b) that between a work body and the
receptacle wall structure; and/or (c) that exercised by an
encompassing fluent particulate mass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 31+ for a tumbling process.
74 for a graining box.
subclasses 75+ for a sandblast machine.
subclasses 104+ and 113, for an immersion abrading
machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclasses 519+, 560+,
and 623 for hulling and peeling apparatus including abrasion
by tumbling but in which the material is usually contacted by
an abrading tool.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses
170+, and the notes thereto for a rotating receptacle, having
a loose grinding material and subclass 284 for mutual
attrition or compression comminutors.
366, Agitating, apparatus and methods where there is no
abrading or surface-finishing use disclosed.
Subclass:
327
Rotating work about vertical axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Abrading
machine provided with an annular and/or spiral-shaped
structure which causes the workpieces to move about a
vertical axis in an annular and/or spiral path.
Subclass:
328
Drum:
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Abrading
machine comprising a rotary drum or container, commonly known
also as a "rumble."
(1) Note. This subclass is generic or residual with respect
to rotary tumbling drums regardless of the expressed
function, except as noted in the search notes below.
(2) Note. Included here are means for fluid contact of work
combined with drum mechanism. The inclusion of means to
treat the fluid, other than pumping or recirculation means,
is too much for this subclass and requires classification on
the basis of the disclosed function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 85+ for a tumbling barrel having means for
delivering an abradant blast upon the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, subclass 18 for
textile treating apparatus including means to reclaim and
reuse a solvent.
69, Leather Manufactures, subclass 30 for rotary drum
leather treater.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclasses 605+ and
630+ for a drum for hulling or peeling that may rotate.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 19 and 417+ for coating
apparatus having means to tumble work and coating material.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclasses for cleaning by tumbling in a rotary drum device
without an abradant and involving liquid contact.
165, Heat Exchange, subclass 88 and 89+ for a rotary heat
exchange drum.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses
176+ and the notes thereto for rotary drum comminutors.
366, Agitating, subclasses 220+ for a rotary drum
agitator.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclasses 209+
for chemical apparatus employing a tank which rotates during
use.
Subclass:
329
Planetary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 328. Abrading
machine wherein the drum revolves about its own longitudinal
axis and also rotates about a second generally parallel
axis.
Subclass:
330
Tumbling shapes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 326. Shapes used in
connection with a tumbling machine to assist in the abrasion
of the workpieces.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Materials, and
Compositions, for abrasive compositions.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclass
184 for similar articles used in comminution.
Subclass:
331
WORK FEEDER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means
for advancing a workpiece into abrading contact with the
abrading instrument without regard to the special character
of that instrument or of the means for securing the workpiece
against displacement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 364+ for means for securing the work in position
or traversing it past the grinder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclasses 227+ and 250+ for feeding a
workpiece to a rolling mill.
82, Turning, subclasses 124+ for a lathe having a work
feeding or removing means and subclasses 132+ for a lathe
carriage feed.
144, Woodworking, subclass 242.1 for a feed or presser
mechanism particularly adapted for use in woodworking.
221, Article Dispensing, for an article dispenser (feeder)
not otherwise provided for, and see the class definition of
Class 221 for a statement of the class lines and for the
disposition of a related disclosure of an article or strip
feeding process or apparatus.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, for a method
of, or apparatus for, feeding material, without utilizing the
leading and trailing end, to effect movement of the
material.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 288+ for
a planing method or machine.
413, Sheet Metal Container Making, subclass 70 for blank
work feeding.
Subclass:
332
Rotary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Work feeder
wherein the workpiece is carried by a rotating member into
contact with the abrading tool.
Subclass:
333
With hopper or magazine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 332. Work feeder
including a receptacle for holding and discharging workpieces
in a controlled manner to the rotary work feeder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 424 for a receptacle that
holds a supply of discrete articles of work to be deformed.
82, Turning, subclasses 125+ for a magazine-type storage
means in which a plurality of pieces of work can be
accumulated in an orderly arrangement and positioned such
that the pieces may be engaged by the work feeder or
remover.
83, Cutting, subclass 417 for means to store work articles
including a hopper, work-storage magazine, or gravity fed
chute serving to hold a reserve supply of work to be cut.
140, Wireworking, subclass 27 and 28 for a wire fence making
machine provided with a hopper that supplies slats for the
manufacture of fencing and subclass 53 for a machine having a
magazine for a supply of clips, lock plates, or similar
members.
221, Article Dispensing, subclasses 241+ for subject matter
including means to selectively vary the dimensions of the
dispenser or some part thereof to thereby accommodate
different size articles and wherein the supply of source
dimensions are selectively variable.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, subclasses 164+ and see the notes thereto
for feeding a nail, screw, or nut blank or nail plate or
stock to a machine as part of the manufacture of that class.
Subclass:
334
Reciprocating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Work feeder in
which the work conveying means moves the work to effect
grinding and cyclically returns with the work generally along
the path of the grinding stroke to the starting point.
Subclass:
335
With hopper or magazine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Work feeder
including a receptacle for holding and discharging workpieces
in a controlled manner to the reciproctating work feeder.
Subclass:
336
Endless:
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Work feeder in
which the workpiece is fed into contact with an abrasive tool
by means of a moving, continuous, closed-loop belt or chain.
Subclass:
337
With hopper or magazine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Work feeder
including a receptacle for holding and discharging workpieces
in a controlled manner to the endless work feeder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 424 for a receptacle that
holds a supply of discrete articles of work to be deformed.
82, Turning, subclasses 125+ for a magazine-type storage
means in which a plurality of pieces of work can be
accumulated in an orderly arrangement and positioned such
that the pieces may be engaged by the work feeder or
remover.
83, Cutting, subclass 417 for means to store work articles
including a hopper, work-storage magazine, or gravity fed
chute serving to hold a reserve supply of work to be cut.
140, Wireworking, subclass 27 and 28 for a wire fence making
machine provided with a hopper that supplies slats for the
manufacture of fencing and subclass 53 for a machine having a
magazine for a supply of clips, lock plates, or similar
members.
221, Article Dispensing, subclasses 241+ for subject matter
including means to selectively vary the dimensions of the
dispenser or some part thereof to thereby accommodate
different size articles and wherein the supply of source
dimensions are selectively variable.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, for feeding a nail, screw, or nut blank or
nail plate or stock to a machine as part of the manufacture
of that class.
Subclass:
338
Skewed feed rollers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Work feeder in
which the workpiece is fed to the abrading tool by rollers
wherein the longitudinal axes of the rollers are not parallel
to one another and, due to their orientation, cause the
workpiece to move toward the tool.
(1) Note. The axes of the rollers or discs are neither
intersecting nor parallel to one another.
Subclass:
339
Ejector or unloader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Work feeder in
which a mechanism is used to remove the workpiece from the
work feeder following the grinding operation.
Subclass:
340
FRAME OR MOUNT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Structure for encasing or supporting a grinding device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, for a frame or mount of general utility.
Subclass:
341
Double treadle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Frame or mount
organized to permit driving of the grinding tool by
alternately acting treadles.
Subclass:
342
For hanging rigid, rotary abrading tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Frame or mount
for floatingly suspending a rotatable grindstone on or by its
shaft in such manner as to prevent breakage or insure true
and steady running.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 651 for a cutting tool or tool
support.
Subclass:
343
With balancing provision:
This subclass is indented under subclass 342. Frame or mount
including structure particularly adapted for balancing a
rotatable grindstone by properly mounting and distributing
weights thereon to insure steady running.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 66 for a process or
apparatus for testing for rotor unbalance including a test
using adjustable masses.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 573 for
miscellaneous rotor balancing means.
Subclass:
344
Portable abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Frame or mount
for an abrading device especially adapted to permit ready
transportation thereof, and in general, the application of
the abrading tool to the work rather than of the work to the
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
370 378, 386, and 391, for a portable clamping-type work
holder for abrading an edge tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 166.3 and 388+ for a portable hand
manipulated saw and subclasses 478+ for a hand manipulable
planing device.
Subclass:
345
Button cleaner:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Frame or mount
for an abrading device especially adapted and intended for
use on a button of upholstery, clothing, or other article.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
448 for a button cleaning shield.
Subclass:
346
Calk sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Frame or mount
for an abrading device especially adapted for sharpening the
calk of a horseshoe while on the hoof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making, subclasses 36+ for
miscellaneous horseshoe making.
168, Farriery, subclass 46 for miscellaneous devices for
sharpening the calks of horseshoes while on the hoof.
Subclass:
347
Rail abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Frame or mount
for an abrading device especially adapted for abrading a
railway rail in situ.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses 54+
for a rail sweeper.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 175+ for
a portable milling device.
Subclass:
348
Roll or wheel abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Frame or mount
for an abrading especially adapted to grinding a roll or a
wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for a roll grinder.
146 254+, 258, and 290, for a disk or wheel abrading
machine.
subclasses 424+ for a roll or wheel grinder.
Subclass:
349
Edge-tool sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Frame or mount
for an abrading device especially adapted for use
refurbishing the sharp edge of the blade of a cutting
device.
(1) Note. Sharpening a harvester knife is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 128, 225, 230, 235, 372+, and 421, for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., a mower or
reaper knife).
Subclass:
350
Floor surfacing machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Frame or mount
for an abrading device especially adapted for being supported
by and abrading the upper surface of a floor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
354 for a wall surfacing machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, particularly
subclass 49.1 and 98+ for a portable floor brushing and
wiping machine and subclasses 300.1+ for such machine
combined with air blast and/or suction application to the
floor.
144, Woodworking, subclass 117.1 and 118+ for a rotary
cutter type planer and subclasses 134.1+ for a shaper.
Subclass:
351
Reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Frame or mount
for a floor surfacing machine wherein the abrading tool moves
rectilinearly to-and-fro.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for other reciprocating tool abrading machines.
Subclass:
352
Rotary cylinder tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Frame or mount
for a floor surfacing machine wherein the abrading tool is of
a shape of a solid generated by a circle moving axially,
which tool is intended to turn about its axis and engage to
abrade the work by the peripheral surface that is parallel to
the axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 178+ for a rotary cylinder abrading machine.
Subclass:
353
Rotary disk tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Frame or mount
for a floor surfacing machine wherein the abrading tool
includes a circular, planar surface, which tool is intended
to turn about an axis normal to and passing through that
surface to abrade the work by that surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 158+ 259+, 359, and 548+, for other rotary
abrading disk tools.
Subclass:
354
Wall surfacing machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Frame or mount
for an abrading device especially adapted for abrading the
planar surface of a vertical wall.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 350+ for a floor finishing machine and see the
notes thereto.
Subclass:
355
Endless band tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Device
especially adapted for sharpening the cutting edge of a
member intended to be used in gathering agricultural
produce.
Subclass:
356
Reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Device in which
the tool has an alternating back and forth movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
351 for other portable abrading devices with reciprocating
motion.
Subclass:
357
Orbital motion tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Device in which
the abrading tool is revolved in an orbit about a center
offset from its axis of rotation.
Subclass:
358
Rotary cylinder tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Device which
has a working face which is parallel to the axis of
rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 for other portable abrading tools having a working
surface which is parallel to the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
359
Rotary disk tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Device which
has a planar working surface which is perpendicular to the
axis of rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 158+ 259+, 353, and 548+, for other rotary
abrading disk tools.
353 for other portable abrading tools having a rotary
working surface.
Subclass:
360
Rotary tool supporter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Device for
supporting an abrading tool spindle for rotation about its
axis.
Subclass:
361
Floor or bench stand:
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device in which
an abrading tool is supported on a stand mounted on the floor
or mounted on a work bench.
Subclass:
362
Turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device
including rotatably indexable means to support a plurality of
individually usable abrading tools.
Subclass:
363
Machine head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device
including structure for supporting and driving an abrading
tool.
Subclass:
364
WORK HOLDER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means
in general for securing the workpiece in position or to
facilitate traversing it past the abrader.
(1) Note. A work holder includes means to grippingly secure
a workpiece, means to secure a workpiece in position by a
vacuum, means to confine and guide a workpiece, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclasses 329+ for a blade holder to make a
general utility knife, but which may be used for holding the
blade while sharpening. See (2) Note of the class definition
of Class 30.
144, Woodworking, subclasses 306+ for a device for securing
work upon a moving bed in a woodworking machine or while
operated upon by a traveling woodworking cutter.
269, Work Holders, for a device for clamping, supporting,
and/or holding an article (or articles) in position to be
operated on or treated. See notes thereunder for other
related loci.
Subclass:
365
Clamp:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder
employing the pressure of a clamping member for holding the
work in place during abrading.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclasses 455+ for a
miscellaneous clasp, per se.
Subclass:
366
Work oscillating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Work holder in
which the motion of the work is a simple back and forth
swinging in an arc, with the work in contact with the
abrading surface.
Subclass:
367
Edge tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Clamping work
holder especially adapted for securing a tool element having
a sharp cutting edge while being abraded.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 329 for a blade holder and see (2)
Note of the class definition of this class (30).
Subclass:
368
Seat controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping edge
tool holder controllable by connections to a saddle or seat
for a human operator.
Subclass:
369
Gauging device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping work
holder employing a clamp, especially adapted for securing an
edge tool in such position during abrading as to insure its
being abraded at the proper angle.
Subclass:
370
Portable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 369. Clamping edge
tool holder adapted to be held in the hand and applied
thereby to an abrading surface.
Subclass:
371
Blade sharpener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Portable
clamping edge tool holder especially adapted to sharpen the
edge of a cutting member.
Subclass:
372
Harvester knife:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping edge
tool holder especially adapted for sharpening the cutting
edge of a member intended to be used in gathering
agricultural produce.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 128, 225, 230, 235, 349, and 421, for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., a mower or
reaper knife).
Subclass:
373
Suspension:
This subclass is indented under subclass 372. Clamping
harvester knife holder especially adapted to suspend a
harvester knife from an overhead support while being
abraded.
Subclass:
374
Rotary cutter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping edge
tool holder especially adapted to hold an edge tool while
being abraded, which tool, when used, will turn more than 360
deg. about an axis.
Subclass:
375
Drill:
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Clamping rotary
edge tool holder especially adapted for securing a drill bit
in position while being abraded.
Subclass:
376
Pattern control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Clamping drill
bit holder having a templet for controlling movement of the
drill bit when in contact with the abrading surface.
Subclass:
377
Work reciprocating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping edge
tool holder especially adapted for holding an edge tool which
is positively reciprocated past an abrading device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
388 for vacuum work holders.
subclasses 392+ for a work holder for reciprocating a
workpiece, other than an edge tool, during an abrading
operation.
Subclass:
378
Portable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping edge
tool holder adapted to be manually held, thereby applying the
workpiece to an abrading surface.
Subclass:
379
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping edge
tool holder wherein gripping means support the workpiece to
turn more than 360 deg. during the abrading operation.
(1) Note. The rotation may be by means other than the work
holder.
Subclass:
380
Angularly adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 367. Clamping edge
tool holder having means to adjustably orient the workpiece
about an axis in at least two different positions relative to
the abrading surface.
Subclass:
381
Hollow work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Clamping work
holder especially adapted for holding a hollow workpiece.
(1) Note. The workpiece of this subclass is commonly made
of glass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
279, Chucks or Sockets, subclass 2.01 and 9.1+ for an
expanding socket-type chuck.
Subclass:
382
Hypodermic needle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 381. Clamping work
holder especially adapted for holding a hypodermic needle
during abrading.
Subclass:
383
Skate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Clamping work
holder especially adapted for holding an ice skate runner
while being sharpened by abrading.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 83 for a
skate sharpener which uses a nonabrasive tool.
Subclass:
384
Lens holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Work holder
particularly adapted for securing a lens during abrading.
Subclass:
385
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Work holder
having means to permit the workpiece to turn more than 360
deg. while it is in contact with the abrading surface.
(1) Note. The rotation may be by means other than the work
holder, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
402 for other rotary work holders.
Subclass:
386
Portable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Clamping work
holder adapted to be manually held, whereby the workpiece is
applied to an abrading surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
391 for a portable-type work holder but with other means to
secure the workpiece.
Subclass:
387
Angularly adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Clamping work
holder having means to adjustably orient the workpiece about
an axis in at least two different positions relative to the
abrading surface.
Subclass:
388
Vacuum:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder in
which the workpiece is held in place by atmospheric pressure
brought into play by exhaustion of air from one side of the
workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
279, Chucks or Sockets, subclass 3 for a vacuum-operated
chuck mechanism, and see the notes thereto for similar
subject matter.
Subclass:
389
Dop or dop stick:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder
especially adapted for holding a jewel while being faceted or
otherwise abraded comprising the member on which the jewel is
placed or comprising structure for supporting that member.
(1) Note. The workpiece of this subclass may be diamond.
Subclass:
390
Lens or prism:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder
especially adapted for holding a workpiece comprising an
optical device for intentionally directing light rays.
(1) Note. The workpiece of this subclass may be made from
glass, plastic, or other transparent material.
Subclass:
391
Portable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder
adapted to be held in hand and applied thereby to the
abrading surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
370 and 386+, for other portable fixtures.
Subclass:
392
Work reciprocating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder
especially adapted for holding a workpiece which is moved
to-and-fro past an abrading device.
(1) Note. Included herein is a work holder having (a)
simple rectilinear reciprocating motion, (b) oscillating
motion, (c)reciprocating motion combined with rotary motion,
or (d) rocking motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 136, 170+, 199+, 212+, 264+, 272+, 305+, 314+, 320+, and
377, for other reciprocating work holders.
Subclass:
393
Rectilinearly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Work holder for
holding a workpiece as it is reciprocated along a straight
line past an abrading device.
Subclass:
394
And work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Work holder in
which the workpiece is rotated while being reciprocated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+,
317+, and 397+, for other work rotating.
subclasses 218+ 227+, 274+, and 306, for other combined work
rotating and reciprocating.
397 for a work holder in which the workpiece rotates without
a reciprocating component, and see the notes thereto for
other work rotating.
Subclass:
395
Hydraulically actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Work holder
including a fluid pressure motor to produce reciprocation
past the abrading surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
63 for a drilling machine in which a table supporting a
workpiece is fed to a rotating drill along the axis of
rotation by a fluid pressure motor.
Subclass:
396
Rocking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Work holder
which moves to-and-fro about an axis that coincides with the
point of engagement of the abrading tool and the workpiece
and the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 171, 201+, 204+, 216+, 226+, 266, and 276+, for other
rocking work holders.
Subclass:
397
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder in
which the work is guided in rotation during grinding.
(1) Note. Included herein is a device in which the work
rotates without a specific rotary work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 140, 189, 209+, 218+, 227+, 242+, 268+, 283+, 306, 307+,
317+, and 394, for other work rotating.
Subclass:
398
Rotary work holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 397. Work holder
comprising rotary member holding and turning with the
workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ 106, 143+, 173, 210, 246+, 269, 285+, 307,
324, and 398+, for other rotary work holders used with an
abrading machine.
Subclass:
399
Crank shaft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Rotary work
holder especially adapted for holding the rotary component of
an engine intended to receive power to an eccentric portion
thereof from a reciprocating piston via a connecting rod.
Subclass:
400
Orbital movement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Rotary work
holder which revolves in an orbit about a center outside
itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 270+ for an orbital work holder for an abrading
machine having a radial-faced rotary tool.
Subclass:
401
Turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 398. Rotary work
holder in which a series of rotating workpieces are indexed
by a rotary member into sequential engagement with the
abrading tool.
(1) Note. The workpiece is not in contact with the abrading
means during indexing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
149 247+, 292, and 308, for other turret work holders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 35.5 for plural diverse
manufacturing apparatus including a tool or tool turret.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 813+ for
rotary member indexing, generally.
Subclass:
402
Rotary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder in
which gripping means support the workpiece in such a manner
as to allow the workpiece to turn more than 360 deg. during
the abrading operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, subclasses 37+ for plural work holders
to hold workpieces relative to each other and subclasses 86+
for a work holder having relatively movable jaws.
Subclass:
403
Indexing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder
with structure to allow the position of the workpiece to be
changed with regular steplike movements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139 214, 232, and 403, for other indexing work holders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 813+ for an
assembly with means to turn a shaft of a rotatably mounted
device about its axis to one or more selected loci including
means to prevent or hold against rotation at such loci.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 44+ and 70+ for intermittently operating work
advancing means to sequentially present work to a tool of the
class type.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, and Planing, subclass 61 for
gear cutting which commonly includes indexing and subclass
198 for an indexable workholder.
Subclass:
404
Hand operated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Work holder in
which the position of the workpiece can be changed manually.
Subclass:
405
Angularly adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Work holder in
which the position of the workpiece can be changed about an
axis.
Subclass:
406
WORK REST:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
for supporting a workpiece against the force of gravity,
without positive holding means, while held in the hand of the
operator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 216+ for a work support with positive holding
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
82, Turning, subclasses 162+ for a work rest for a lathe,
other than a wood turning lathe.
142, Wood Turning, subclass 48 for a work rest for a wood
cutting lathe.
Subclass:
407
For centerless abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Work rest
especially adapted for supporting the workpiece in a grinding
machine in which the abrading tool turns about a continuously
moving axis passing through the tool.
Subclass:
408
Steady rest:
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Work rest for
providing additional support to the workpiece to prevent
deflection or vibration of the workpiece and to maintain the
workpiece in a firm or stable condition.
Subclass:
409
Tool tooth rest:
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Work rest
especially adapted to support a tooth of a cutting tool
during abrading.
Subclass:
410
Gauging device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 406. Work rest
especially adapted to insure abrading to a desired angle.
Subclass:
411
WORK TABLE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including a generally planar work upper surface on which it
is intended for a workpiece to be supported during abrading.
(1) Note. The work table of this subclass is generally
intended to support a workpiece while being abraded by a
randomly manipulated abrading tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 364+ for a positive work holder.
subclasses 406+ for a work rest.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 285 and 286.1+ for a work bench
for use in woodworking.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 219+ for
a work table particularly adapted to be used with a milling
machine.
Subclass:
412
Glass work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Work table
especially adapted for supporting a sheet of glass.
Subclass:
413
Work rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Work table
which rotates about its central axis.
Subclass:
414
Angularly adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411. Work table
having means to adjustably orient the work about an axis in
at least two different positions relative to the tool.
Subclass:
415
ATTACHMENT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
intended (a) to be secured to a nonabrading machine or tool
for grinding a part thereof (b) to be secured to a
nonabrading machine or tool to be driven or supported
thereby.
(1) Note. A device attached to the tool or element to be
abraded (as for example, a sawing or drilling machine),
whether or not said tool or element is mounted in a machine,
is also classified here and in indented subclasses.
Subclass:
416
To textile machine to abrade card:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment to
be secured to a textile working machine for grinding a
surface of a member used to align textile fibers.
(1) Note. Collected in this subclass is an attachment for a
carding machine other than one using flat cards.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclass 98 for a carding
machine.
Subclass:
417
Flat card:
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Attachment to
be secured to a textile working machine which uses flat cards
for abrading a card thereof.
Subclass:
418
To electrical machine to abrade commutator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment
adapted to be secured to an electric motor or generator and
to abrade the commutator thereof.
Subclass:
419
To cutting machine to sharpen blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment
adapted to be secured to a cutting machine to be used for
sharpening a cutting blade thereof.
(1) Note. Included herein is an attachment for a lawn
mower, a meat cutter, a leather cutter, a cloth cutter, etc.
(2) Note. A "drill" or a "saw" is considered to be a
cutting blade.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclasses 35+ for a significantly recited
razor combined with a sharpening means and subclasses 138+
for a significantly recited cutlery implement, generally
combined with a sharpening means.
56, Harvesters, subclass 250 for a significantly recited
rotating cutting reel mower organization modified to
facilitate sharpening.
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 82.1 for a
lawn mower sharpening attachment of the cutting type, rather
than the abrading type.
Subclass:
420
Rotary abrading tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Machine knife
sharpening attachment in which the knife is ground by a tool
having only a rotary movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 177+ and see the notes thereto for other rotary
tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 139 for a significantly recited
cutlery implement, generally combined with a rotary
sharpening means.
69, Leather Manufactures, subclass 38 for a leather dressing
rotary cutting tool with a grinding attachment where
significant structure of the cutting tool is claimed.
Subclass:
421
Rotary reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Machine knife
sharpening attachment in which the sharpening is done by a
grinder having both rotary and reciprocating motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 119+ and see the notes thereto for other rotary
reciprocating tools.
122 128, 225, 230, 235, 349, and 372+ for other inventions
related to sharpening an agricultural blade (e.g., a mower or
reaper knife).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 139 for a significantly recited
cutting implement combined with a rotary blade sharpener.
Subclass:
422
Work actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Machine knife
sharpening attachment in which the knife is abraded by a tool
having only rotary motion and driven by contact with the
knife being sharpened.
Subclass:
423
Stationary abrading tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 419. Machine knife
sharpening attachment wherein the grinding means is immobile
during the grinding operation (i.e., the blade being ground
moves relative thereto).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 312+ and see the notes thereto for other
stationary tool machines.
428 for other stationary tool attachments.
Subclass:
424
Roll or wheel abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment
adapted to be secured to a machine having a relatively smooth
annular surface intended to grind such surface.
(1) Note. A device intended to be attached to a metal
deforming rolling machine, a calendaring machine, or a
machine having a pulley with an annular surface is included
herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for a roll abrader.
146 258, 254+, 290, and 348, for a disk or wheel abrading
machine.
348 for a roll or wheel abrader.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
82, Turning, subclass 103 for a lathe for making a pulley
and subclasses 104+ for a wheel or axle lathe.
172, Earth Working, subclass 437 for a significantly claimed
earth working apparatus combined with a device for sharpening
an earth working tool.
Subclass:
425
Rotary reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Attachment
including a grinder having both a rotary and a reciprocating
motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 119+ and see the notes thereto for other rotary
reciprocating tools; see particularly subclasses 142 and 146
for roll, disk, and wheel grinders.
Subclass:
426
Reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Attachment
employing a reciprocating nonrotary grinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 162+ and see the notes thereto for other
reciprocating tools.
Subclass:
427
Nut-and-screw-type drive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Attachment
employing means to cause the abrasive tool to reciprocate
comprising a helical male member and a cooperating helical
female member, one of which rotates with respect to the
other.
Subclass:
428
Stationary abrading tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Attachment in
which the roll or wheel being ground revolves against a
relatively fixed grinding means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 312+ for an abrading machine having a stationary
tool, generally.
423 for other stationary tool attachments.
Subclass:
429
To rail:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment
particularly adapted to be attached to and grind an elongated
member on which a vehicle is to ride.
Subclass:
430
Valve or valve seat abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment
especially adapted for grinding a surface of the stationary
portion or a movable portion of a valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 and 252, for other valve abraders.
Subclass:
431
Orbital tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Attachment in
which the grinding tool revolves about a center outside
itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 270+ and 441, for other orbital tools.
Subclass:
432
To sewing machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment to
be secured to some part of a sewing machine and driven
thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
112, Sewing, subclass 257 for means for holding an
attachment to a sewing machine.
Subclass:
433
To be driven by flywheel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Attachment to
be secured to and driven by the flywheel of a sewing
machine.
Subclass:
434
To vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment to
be secured to a vehicle and driven thereby.
Subclass:
435
To lathe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment to
be secured to a lathe.
(1) Note. The attachment of this subclass may be adapted to
be driven by a lathe to abrade a workpiece or may be attached
to a lathe in such a way as to abrade a workpiece driven by
the lathe.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
82, Turning, for a lathe, generally.
142, Wood Turning, for a lathe for shaping wood.
Subclass:
436
Center abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Lathe
attachment especially adapted to the grinding of a lathe
center.
(1) Note. The device of this subclass may be used to true a
lathe center.
Subclass:
437
Internal abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Lathe
attachment especially adapted for grinding the interior of
hollow work.
Subclass:
438
To work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment
provided with a member for locating a workpiece relative to
the abrading tool.
Subclass:
439
To the work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment
especially adapted to be mounted on the member being
abraded.
Subclass:
440
Internal abrader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment to
be secured to hollow work for abrading the interior thereof.
Subclass:
441
Orbital tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Attachment in
which the grinding tool revolves about a center outside
itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 270+ and 431, for other orbital grinders.
Subclass:
442
ACCESSORY:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus intended to be used with and to augment the
operation of a device under the class definition.
(1) Note. Included herein is an apparatus or part that is a
part of or is separate from the device under the class
definition, unless provided for in a preceding subclass.
(2) Note. This subclass takes an abradant-resist (i.e.,
mask or stencil defining a work area and protecting
underlying surface portions of the workpiece). However, a
nominal recitation (e.g., "stencil sheet designed for
cutting") followed by a definition of a miscellaneous product
of a Class 427 type of coating operation, or of a rubber
chemistry material composition, or of a stock material blank,
would each be deemed to recite insufficient abradant-resist
structure for placement in this subclass and will be found in
that class taking the defined subject matter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 29+ for an abradant-resist mask or stencil
utilized in an abrading process.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, for a guide or gauge.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 388 and 430
for a stencil related to marking food during the cooking
thereof.
101, Printing, subclasses 48+, 112, and especially subclasses
114+ for a mask or stencil or for a process utilizing same to
define an area to be printed.
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for resists recited
by composition, or method of compounding, of that class.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 213, 301, 406, and 504 for a
work surface protector used in coating.
132, Toilet, subclass 319 for a stencil used in the
application of cosmetics.
260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, for a resist recited by
composition, or method of compounding, of that class.
Subclass:
443
Dressing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory for
returning an abrading tool to a predetermined shape or form
after or during use.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
70 for an abrading machine with a dressing device.
Subclass:
444
Tool cleaner:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory for
removing the products of abrading from the abrading tool.
Subclass:
445
Erasing shield:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory
intended to be used in association with an eraser, which
accessory is either (a) to be interposed between the active
surface of a carbon sheet and an underlying sheet to prevent
sullying of the underlying sheet during an erasure operation
or (b) has holes therethrough to define limits of an erasure
area when the accessory is positioned over a sheet requiring
erasure.
(1) Note. An "eraser" is a device intended to remove a
coating from a surface, generally wherein that coating
comprises printed information.
Subclass:
446
Abradant supplying:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory
intended to provide abrading material to the tool under the
class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
60 for a method of abrading with applying of abrasive
material.
subclasses 75+ for a sandblast machine which may be in
combination with an abradant supply, particularly subclass 99
for a nozzle, supply tank, or valve.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, Dispensing, for a dispenser in general, and see
particularly the notes in section 16 of the main class
definition of Class 222 for the distribution of related art.
Subclass:
447
Grader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Abradant
supplying accessory including means for sorting used abradant
into portions of differing fineness and returning that which
is suitable for reuse.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids,
particularly subclasses 155+ for liquid suspension type.
Subclass:
448
Button cleaning shield:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory
comprising a protector for a garment to which a button is
attached to prevent injury of the garment while a button is
being cleaned or polished.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
345 for a portable button cleaner.
457 for other work protecting shields.
Subclass:
449
Cooling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory for
preventing excessive heating of the work or tool during the
abrading operation.
Subclass:
450
Wetting grindstone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 449. Cooling
accessory for applying a liquid cooling agent to an abrading
tool.
Subclass:
451
Guard or housing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory
comprising a protective shield or an enclosure (e.g, a hood
or guard) to be mounted on an abrading device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 606+ for means
for enclosing a gear mechanism, subclasses 608+ for means for
protectively covering a gear mechanism, and subclasses 612+
for means for protecting a human operator from engagement by
the gears of a gear mechanism.
83, Cutting, subclass 440.2, 544+, and 814+ for a saw guard.
112, Sewing, subclass 261 for a cover or guard for the
moving parts of a sewing machine.
144, Woodworking, subclass 251.1 and 252.1+ for a cutter
guard, hood, or dust conveyor.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 116.5 for a
stop mechanism, particularly subclasses 129+ for a safety
device.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly subclasses 144+ for a guard or housing for a
belt or pulley forming a part of a power transmission.
Subclass:
452
Breakage guard:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Guard or
housing intended to prevent damage in case of breakage of a
rapidly turning abrading wheel.
Subclass:
453
Collector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Guard or
housing for collecting loose particles from an abrading
member or work thrown off during the abrading operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for gas separation apparatus,
per se, for separating particles from a confined gas stream.
144, Woodworking, subclass 252.1 for a cutter hood or dust
conveyor for a woodworking machine.
Subclass:
454
Drive shield:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Guard or
housing intended to prevent foreign material from entering
the driving structure of a device under the class
definition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 252.1 for a cutter hood or dust
conveyor for a woodworking machine.
Subclass:
455
Spark or splash guard:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Guard or
housing for confining sparks developed in abrading or
preventing splashing of cooling or lubricating fluid.
Subclass:
456
Suction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Guard or
housing having air exhausting means for drawing off dust
developed in the abrading operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 252.1 for a cutter hood or dust
conveyor for a woodworking machine.
Subclass:
457
Work guard:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Guard or
housing for preventing injury to other parts of the work
other than those being intentionally abraded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
448 for a button cleaning shield.
Subclass:
458
Abrading sheet applying device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory for
fitting or attaching a sheet of abrading material to a sheet
holder to constitute a flexible abrading tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
490 for a tool support for a flexible member tool, including
a sheet applying device.
Subclass:
459
Strop surface renewing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory for
smoothing, coating, or otherwise treating the surface of a
used strop to restore it to its originally effective
condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
169 316, and 318, for a stropping machine, generally.
Subclass:
460
Work-mounting device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Accessory for
properly positioning work in a work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
82, Turning, subclass 170 for a work centering device not
otherwise classified, and see the notes thereto.
Subclass:
461
COMBINED TOOL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Abrading implement having two or more tools, at least one of
which is of the class type and at least one of which is not
of the class type, carried by a common operating handle or
other support.
(1) Note. An example of the tool of this class is an
implement including an abrading portion and a cutting
portion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 65+ for a machine having abrading tools of more
than one type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 82+ for
sharpening a sharp tool, other than by abrading.
Subclass:
462
Internal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Combined tool
for grinding the interior of a hollow workpiece.
Subclass:
463
CARRIER FOR RELATIVELY MOVABLE SIMULTANEOUSLY USABLE TOOLS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with a means for mounting a plurality of abrading
tools for abrading movement of all the tools at the same time
in which means at least one of said tools is also mounted for
urging movement (i.e., movement of a tool into engagement or
continued engagement with a surface of the work) or for
adjustment with respect to the other(s).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 526+ for a support having a tool integrally
bound thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 208
and more specifically subclass 230 for a support having means
to secure a nonabrasive tool thereto.
82, Turning, subclass 169 for an expandable mandrel for
supporting a rotating workpiece being machined.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 263 for an
earth boring tool which is expansible.
279, Chucks or Sockets, subclass 2.07 for an expandable
chuck.
294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclass 93
for an expandable grapple.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
42 for plural tools of that class type operable at the same
time.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly subclasses 47+ for a pulley with expansible
rim means.
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere
provided for, and see the notes thereto for the loci of a
particular roll or combination involving a roll; search
particularly subclasses 5+ for an expansible roll.
Subclass:
464
For radially movable tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 463. Carrier wherein
the abrading movement of the tools relative to the work is
about the axis of rotation of either the tools and their
carrier or the work, and the urging movement of the tools
relative to the work is along components of movement
perpendicular to said axis.
Subclass:
465
Centrifugal force urged tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Carrier
comprising a rotatable carrier having tools mounted thereon
for radial movement with respect to the axis of rotation of
the carrier whereby the rotation of the carrier will tend to
move the tools away from the axis of rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
506 for a tool support expanded by centrifugal force.
Subclass:
466
Flexible flail tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Carrier wherein
the carrier has secured thereto or therein a plurality of
flexible-member tools which project outwardly from the axis
of the carrier so that their radial ends are free to flex
with a radially outward component of motion.
(1) Note. See subclass 526 for the definition of
"flexible-member tool."
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468 indented hereunder, for a carrier having tool supports
projecting from the carrier, which supports assist in urging
the tools toward the work or back up the tool to prevent them
from over-flexing. Included in this subclass, but not
meeting the definition of subclass 468, is such a device
without back-up supports on the carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 230
for a rotary cleaning implement having fabric portions
adapted to act as a wiper, dauber, or polisher.
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclass 28 for an abradant
device limited to treatment of cloth.
Subclass:
467
With tool supply or storage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 466. Carrier for
holding additional tool material within the carrier.
(1) Note. Additional material can be fed to operative
position while the device is idle or operating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 491+ for a tool supply carried by a tool
support.
Subclass:
468
Including self-sustaining tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 466. Carrier wherein
only the tools project outwardly from the carrier.
(1) Note. See (2) Note of subclass 466 definition.
Subclass:
469
With discrete nondestructible tool-securing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Carrier wherein
a flexible-member tool is held to the carrier by a separable
element which may be removed from the carrier without
destroying said element and then reused for reassembly of
tool to carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 490+ for means to secure a tool to a tool
support.
Subclass:
470
Including conoid or wedge tool moving member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Carrier wherein
means having a configuration defined by a cone (or conelike
surface) or intersecting planes causes radial movement of the
tool(s).
Subclass:
471
With threaded operator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 470. Carrier having
helical screw means for moving the cone or wedge member(s) to
cause radial movement of the tool(s).
Subclass:
472
To move conoid member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Carrier wherein
the member(s) actuated by the helical screws means comprises
a cone.
Subclass:
473
To actuate pivotally mounted tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Carrier wherein
the tools are so secured to the carrier that when urged by
the cone means they may arcuately swing away from the axis of
the carrier and into engagement with the work.
Subclass:
474
For movement of conoid members relative to each other:
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Carrier wherein
the members are moved toward or away from one another by the
helical screw means.
Subclass:
475
By conoid member with screw threads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Carrier wherein
a helical screw means is fastened to or integral with the
cone member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
474 for other conoid members with integral or directly
attached screw threads.
Subclass:
476
Including plural conoid members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Carrier
embodying two or more such cone (or conelike) surfaces.
Subclass:
477
Including key-way or spline:
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Carrier wherein
the screw actuated taper or wedge member is on, and an
integral part of, the tool carrier and said member is
recessed into or protrudes from said carrier; said member
also being angularly related to and extending along the axis
of said carrier thus having a wedgelike configuration.
Subclass:
478
Conoid member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 470. Carrier wherein
the tool moving surface is conical or cone like.
Subclass:
479
Including gear actuated tool mover:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Carrier in
which means having toothed surfaces causes the radial
movement of the tool.
Subclass:
480
Including lever actuated tool mover:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Carrier wherein
the radial motion of at least one of the tools is caused by a
link pivoted on a fulcrum between the tool and a force
applicator.
Subclass:
481
Including hydraulically actuated tool mover:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Carrier wherein
gas or liquid under pressure causes the radial movement of
the tool(s).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
505 for radial expansion of flexible tool by fluid
pressure.
Subclass:
482
Including thread actuated tool mover:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Carrier wherein
helical screw means causes the radial movement of one or more
tools relative to the carrier.
Subclass:
483
Interrelated to move plural tools:
This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Carrier wherein
the radial movement of more than one such tool is
simultaneously caused by manipulation of a single element.
Subclass:
484
Including resiliently urged tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 464. Carrier wherein
springlike means causes the radial movement of one or more
tools relative to the carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 504+ for resilient tool supports causing radial
expansion of a tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
492, Roll or Roller, subclass 42 for a roll, per se, which
includes coil or leaf springs supporting the working
surface.
Subclass:
485
By coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Carrier wherein
the springlike means is a resilient member in the form of a
helix wound about a centerline which, through force directed
along such centerline, produces the tendency toward radial
movement.
Subclass:
486
Including tools resiliently urged toward work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 463. Carrier wherein
the mounting means includes elements which yieldingly bias
the tools toward a common line or plane in which line or
plane the work lies.
Subclass:
487
CARRIER FOR A RADIALLY MOVABLE TOOL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with a means for mounting a single tool for abrading
movement of that tool about an axis of rotation of either the
tool and its mounting or the work, and for movement
perpendicular to said axis urging the tool into engagement
with a surface of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 463+ for a carrier having radially movable
tools.
Subclass:
488
VENTILATION OR COOLING OF TOOL OR TOOL SUPPORT:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
having means to cause or permit circulation of fluent
material to or adjacent, or to dissipate heat from, a tool or
its support.
(1) Note. For the definition of "tool support," see
subclass 490.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 230.1
for similar ventilation or cooling of a tool or its
support.
Subclass:
489
FLEXIBLE-MEMBER TOOL MOUNTED ON PLURAL ROLLS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means
wherein a tool is, or is carried on, an endless band
maintained or stretched about two or more pulleys.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 296+ for a machine employing an endless band
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 200.1 and the search notes thereto for
a cutting tool mounted on an endless band which is stretched
about two more pulleys.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly subclasses 202+ and 237+ for an endless drive
belt.
Subclass:
490
TOOL SUPPORT FOR FLEXIBLE-MEMBER TOOL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including an element or assembly of elements at least one of
which is connected to a flexible-member tool for supporting
it against gravity and that partakes of all the movement of
the tool and has no relative movement with respect to the
tool during operation of the class type.
(1) Note. A flexible-member tool when mounted on its
support will not necessarily be flexible in operation or use
due to rigidity of the support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 65+ 168+, 296+, and 313+, for machines with
flexible tools.
subclasses 330+ for flexible abrasive tools mounted on an
expansible carrier.
352 for a portable floor machine having a rotary cylinder.
458 for a device for applying a sheet to a holder.
526 for the definition of "flexible-member tool".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses
230+, and more specifically subclass 230.19 for means to
secure a tool to a support.
30, Cutlery, subclasses 451+ for a static pencil-sharpening
implement including a flexible-member abrading tool and a
support therefore.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclasses
95+ for the combination of a holder and a bibulous
absorbent sheet constituting a drying device (e.g., blotter);
particularly subclasses 95.1+ for such a device which is
hand-manipulable.
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Materials, and
Compositions, for a flexible abrasive tool distinguished
solely by the abrasive composition.
101, Printing, subclass 415.1 for a flexible sheet securing
device.
433, Dentistry, subclasses 134+ for a dental abrading tool
mandrel for supporting a grinding disk.
492, Roll or Roller, subclasses 22+ for a roll, per se,
with a sheet edge holder.
Subclass:
491
With tool supply or storage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
also for holding on or in the support tool member or material
in addition to that already in position for, or in, use.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
458 for a device for applying a sheet to its holder.
467 for a tool carrier having an additional tool supply.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses
231+ for a holder for a sheet form wiper.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass
95.1 for a manually manipulable blotting device including
means for supporting or containing additional blotting
material.
Subclass:
492
Coiled tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Tool support
wherein the tool supply is a spirally wound web of
indeterminate length material which is dispensed as needed.
Subclass:
493
On spool or axle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 492. Tool support
wherein the coil of tool material is held or mounted on a
core within the coil.
Subclass:
494
Having magnetic or suction tool holding means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
having means to secure the tool to a support by a body
capable of attracting ferromagnetic material or by
subatmospheric air pressure (e.g., vacuum).
Subclass:
495
Contour-adjustable support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
wherein the shape of that portion of the support which is
separated from the work by only the tool, can be changed or
altered prior to use to allow the tool to conform to the
shape of the work during use.
(1) Note. This subclass does not provide for mere
resiliency of the support to conform to the work shape.
Disclosure of such a characteristic may be found anywhere
within the flexible-member tool subclasses.
Subclass:
496
Including tool holding slot in rotary tool support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
including a support that turns about an axis and has a groove
or line of separation therein that extends along the axis,
into which groove or separation a margin or other portion of
the tool is inserted.
(1) Note. To be included in this subclass positive
disclosure of a means to rotate the support is not required,
but the disclosure should clearly indicate a rotary support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 178+ for a rotary peripheral face tool, and see
the notes thereto.
subclasses 502+ for a tool support having a nonrotary
support having a tool holding slot.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass
95.3 for a rotary blotting device which is slotted to retain
sheet blotting material.
464, Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts, for a flexible coupling between
a torque transmitting shaft and a driven member.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly subclasses 152+ and 166+ for a positive drive
or friction drive pulley.
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere
provided for, and see the notes thereto for other rolls and
combinations involving rolls.
Subclass:
497
Separable along slot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 496. Tool support
which can be parted along the line of separation to receive
and hold the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
503 for a nonrotary support separable along tool holding
slot.
Subclass:
498
Diametrically separable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 497. Tool support
which can be parted to receive and hold the tool along either
of (a) two lines of separation lying in an axial plane or (b)
one line of separation which lies in the axial plane which
contains a line about which the two separable halves of the
support pivot with respect to each other.
Subclass:
499
With tool tensioning means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 496. Tool support
provided with means within the groove or separation for
pulling a portion of the tool into the slot, thereby causing
the tool to be taut about its support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 81.1 for a
support having means for tensioning a stropping tool
thereon.
Subclass:
500
By rotary gripping element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Tool support
wherein the tensioning means includes a device in frictional
engagement with the tool, which device rotates to cause the
tautness of the tool while maintaining its frictional contact
with the tool.
Subclass:
501
Including threaded element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 499. Tool support in
which the tool tensioning means is actuated by helical screw
means.
Subclass:
502
Including longitudinal tool holding slot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
having a support having three dimensions one of which is
longer than either of the others, along which longer
dimension extends a groove or line of separation, into which
a margin or other portion of the tool is inserted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 496+ for a rotary support having a tool holding
slot.
Subclass:
503
Separable along slot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 502. Tool support
wherein the support is divided along the line of separation
thus forming the tool receiving opening.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 497+ for a rotary tool support separable along
the tool holding slot.
Subclass:
504
Including expansible external surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
wherein the outer effective tool engaging area of the support
is increased for frictionally securing the tool to its
support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 463+ for a tool carrier wherein the effective
tool engaging surface is increased by the outward or inward
movement of the tool.
Subclass:
505
Hydraulically actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Tool support
wherein expansion of the external surface is caused by a gas
or liquid under pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
481 for a fluid expanding tool carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
492, Roll or Roller, subclasses 4+ for rolls, per se, which
are inflatable.
Subclass:
506
Centrifugally actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Tool support
wherein expansion of the external surface is caused by the
outward force resulting from rapid rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 465+ for centrifugally expanded carriers adapted
to frictionally secure a flexible-member tool thereto.
Subclass:
507
Actuated by compression of support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 504. Tool support
wherein expansion of the external surface is caused by
compaction of the dimension of the support that is parallel
to that surface.
Subclass:
508
Including headed, axially disposed, tool holding member on
rotary support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
having a support that turns about an axis, and means for
securing the tool to the support comprising an element that
extends along such axis, and engages an area of the tool
surface which is small relative to the entire surface of the
tool, and clamps the so engaged area between the tool support
and itself.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses
230+ and more specifically subclass 230.19 for
axially-headed means to secure a cleaning or polishing tool
to a support.
Subclass:
509
Tool holding member disconnected from support by partial
rotation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Tool support
wherein the tool securing means is held to the support by a
joint that permits release of the means by arcuate movement
thereof or of another means acting therewith to form the
joint.
Subclass:
510
With threaded means to retain tool holding member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Tool support
wherein the tool securing means is held relative to the
support by helical screw means.
(1) Note. The element itself may or may not be threaded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 521+ for threaded means securing a tool to a
nonrotary support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing and General Cleaning, subclass 230.19
for threaded means securing a nonabrading tool to a
support.
Subclass:
511
Including conical tool holding member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Tool support
having means for securing the tool to a support, which
securing means is in the shape of a cone.
(1) Note. The conical surface may be either protuberant or
depressed.
Subclass:
512
Including taper or wedge tool holding member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
having means for securing the tool to a support, which
securing means has a configuration defined by a cone (or
conelike surface) or by intersecting planes.
Subclass:
513
Including endless band tool holding member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
having means for securing the tool to a support, which
securing means comprises a ring or hoop forming a continuous
clamping element entirely surrounding the tool.
(1) Note. The element may or may not be resilient or
elastic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 514+ for other resilient tool securing means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses
230+ for a ring or hoop securing a cleaning or polishing
tool to a support.
Subclass:
514
Including resiliently urged tool holding member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
wherein the tool is secured to the support by an element or
assemblage of elements which is yieldingly biased into or
away from tool securing position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 499+ for resiliently urged tool holding means on
a rotary support.
Subclass:
515
Separable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Tool support
wherein the tool holding means (i.e., element or assemblage)
is removable as a whole from the support, as for allowing
insertion or removal of the tool relative to the support.
Subclass:
516
Rotatable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Tool support
wherein the tool holding means (i.e., element or assemblage)
constitutes or is carried by a radial extension of or
projection from an axle mounted for rotation in the tool
support or a member attached thereto.
(1) Note. A member secured at one end and arcuately
bendable about said end is excluded from this subclass and
may be found in appropriate subclasses of the group
(subclasses 514+).
Subclass:
517
Biased for tool disengagement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Tool support
wherein the tool holding means is yieldingly urged away from
the tool securing position and is held in position securely
by a releasable keeper.
Subclass:
518
Cantilever-spring actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Tool support
wherein the tool holding means includes a resilient member
which is rigidly connected to the support at one end thereof
which urges the tool in a direction toward the workpiece.
Subclass:
519
Coil-spring actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Tool support
wherein the tool holding means includes a resilient member in
the form of a helix, wound about a centerline, which urges
the tool engaging portion thereof toward the tool in a
direction generally along such centerline.
Subclass:
520
Including tool holder having tool surface depressor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support in
which the tool securing means serves to cause a portion of
the surface to be recessed relative to the work engaging
portion thereof.
(1) Note. Usually the tool holding means is depressed into
the tool surface in order to permit operation of the tool
without contact between the means and the work.
Subclass:
521
Including threaded means to retain tool holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
including a tool securing means which is held relative to the
support by helical screw means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501 for threaded means securing a tool to a rotary support
having slots.
Subclass:
522
Including bar or plate tool holding member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Tool support
wherein the tool securing means includes a rod or a piece of
flat stock which engages only a small portion of the tool to
secure that portion to the support.
Subclass:
523
Manually manipulated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 490. Tool support
adapted to be held by an operative and randomly moved during
the abrading operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass
95.1 for a manually manipulable, flexible blotter and a
support therefor.
Subclass:
524
By handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Tool holder
having a portion disclosed as intended to be grasped for
manipulation thereof by the operative.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
557 for a rigid tool with an actuating handle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses
208+ for a fabric wiper, particularly subclass 214 for a
lens cleaner.
Subclass:
525
Detachable from tool support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 524. Tool support
wherein the handle is separable therefrom.
Subclass:
526
FLEXIBLE-MEMBER TOOL, PER SE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. A
bendable instrumentality having (a) a work face that includes
crystalline abrasive particles (e.g., emery, sand, corundum,
etc.) and a supporting structure to which such particles are
secured or (b) an abrasive containing composition molded to a
particular shape.
A term or phrase used in the schedule or definitions either
repeatedly or in a special and limited sense is set forth
below with the meaning each has in this group of subclasses
(i.e., subclasses 526+). An asterisk (*) following a term or
phrase in the schedule or definitions in this area indicates
that it has been defined in this glossary.
COMPONENT
A distinct unitary element of a composite tool in the form of
a layer* or a constituent of a layer.
FIBER
A relatively short, slender, flexible element of macroscopic
size and finite length and having a width and thickness of
the same order of magnitude. A fiber is generally of staple
length to facilitate its being spun, twisted, or otherwise
secured together into a composite strand but may be shorter
length requiring bonding, felting, or matting to form a
strand or layer. It may be of animal (e.g., wool, rabbit
hair), vegetable (e.g., cotton, jute, hemp), or mineral
(e.g., asbestos, glass, metal) origin and may be either
natural, modified, or synthetic.
LAYER
A single thickness of material(s) in the form of a sheet(s)
in side-by-side, coplanar relation; or particulate material
arranged in continuity to constitute a distinct stratum.
SHEET
A rectangular portion of material of finite length, whose
width is greater than its thickness.
Subclass:
527
Interrupted or composite work face (e.g., cracked, nonplanar,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 526. Flexible-member
tool whose abrasive surface is (a) corrugated, pleated, or
grooved; (b) apertured; (c) comprised of discrete abrasive
areas on the supporting structure; (d) cracked or slit; or
(e) made up of sheets* or components* disposed in adjoining
or contiguous relation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass
230.14 for a cleaning tool having an interrupted or
composite work face and subclass 230.16 for a cleaning tool
having an interrupted work engaging surface.
Subclass:
528
Uniform thickness nonplanar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 527. Flexible-member
tool wherein the interrupted work face is in the form of an
undulating (e.g., corrugated, pleated, etc.) abrasive layer
of substantially constant depth.
Subclass:
529
Sectional:
This subclass is indented under subclass 527. Flexible-member
tool wherein the abrasive work face or layer is made up of
discrete portions or zones and including such face or layer
made up of a plurality of abrasive sheets or components.
(1) Note. A layer cracked such that discrete portions or
zones are formed is included in this subclass.
Subclass:
530
Work face variegated or on projecting backing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 526. Flexible-member
tool whose abrasive work engaging face comprises either (a)
different sizes or kinds of abrasive particles of one
uninterrupted layer* or (b) an uninterrupted abrasive layer
which does not completely cover the supporting structure.
Subclass:
531
Splice or joint:
This subclass is indented under subclass 526. Flexible-member
tool comprising either two interconnected discrete parts,
either of which would constitute a flexible-member tool, or a
single flexible-member tool, two edges or ends of which are
interconnected by securing means.
Subclass:
532
Comprising fibers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 526. Flexible-member
tool having abrasive material embedded in or intermingled
with a relatively short, slender, flexible element of
macroscopic size.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 533+ for an instrumentality comprising abrasive
elements associated with a composite strand composed of or
comprising fibers.
Subclass:
533
Laminate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 526. Flexible-member
tool which comprises plural layers* at least one layer of
which consists of or includes abrasive particles.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
532 for a laminate comprising a fiber layer with abrasive
elements embedded in a surface thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass
230.12 for cleaning tools comprising layers adhesively bound
together and subclass 230.15 for a plurality of layers sewn
together to form a cleaning tool.
Subclass:
534
Discontinuous or differential coating impregnation or bond:
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Flexible-member
tool comprising plastic facing, saturating, or joining
material which is present in isolated areas, or as differing
compositions, or varying in concentration or in physical
characteristics; or comprising plural layers whose juncture
(either adhesive or cohesive) is of different character
(e.g., strong bond next to weak bond) in different areas of
the tool.
(1) Note. The plastic material may be abrasive particles of
different kinds.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses
103+, 194, and 195+ for a single or plural layer stock
material product in the form of a web or sheet embodying a
differential or discontinuous coating, impregnation, or
bond.
Subclass:
535
Coil wound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Flexible-member
tool wherein a layer is helically or spirally wrapped (a)
upon itself to form a cylinder or cone or (b) along an axis
to form a cylinder or strand.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass
230.13 for a spirally wound cleaning tool.
Subclass:
536
Integrated strands:
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Flexible-member
tool which includes a layer or component consisting of
relatively narrow ribbonlike elements mechanically
intertangled, interwoven, intertwined, or interlooped.
(1) Note. A patent to a product within the scope of this
class and claiming a "textile" will be placed in this
subclass unless the disclosure indicates that the reference
is to a nonstrand textile, such as a layer of fibers, for
which see subclass 532 above. The term cloth will be
construed as signifying textile; the term fabric will not be
so construed.
Subclass:
537
Non-coextensive laminae:
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Flexible-member
tool which comprises a first layer including abrasive
particles, at least one edge of which is offset (either
laterally or longitudinally) relative to a corresponding edge
of a second layer of the tool.
Subclass:
538
Strippable layer or component:
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Flexible-member
tool which includes a layer or component adhered thereto by a
bond, the nature of which permits relatively easy removal.
(1) Note. This subclass will receive such disclosures as a
releasable protective layer covering a pressure sensitive
adhesive, easily ruptured layer, or other temporarily
protective layer.
(2) Note. The disclosures of this subclass are limited to a
tool in which the layer or component is removable as a whole;
i.e., the layer is not dissolved (washed off) or
disintegrated (as by scraping). Such included disclosure may
comprise preliminary softening of an adhesive by dissolution
to release a layer which may then be removed bodily from the
remainder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 411 for an
adhesive tape roll package from which a strip may be peeled.
427, Coating Processes, subclasses 154+ for a process of
coating a substrate with a removable protective coating.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 40.1
for a plural component web or sheet in which a layer or
component is removable or strippable to expose a layer of
adhesive material.
Subclass:
539
Abrasive on one surface only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Flexible-member
tool in which the abrasive particles are disposed only on one
face thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 527+ and 534 through 538, for a tool, per se,
also having abrasive on one surface only.
Subclass:
540
RIGID TOOL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Inflexible instrumentality having (a) a work face that
includes crystalline abrasive particles (e.g., emery, sand,
corundum, etc.) and a supporting structure to which such
particles are secured or (b) an abrasive containing
composition molded to a particular shape.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 463+ for an expansible tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,
for a rigid abrasive tool distinguished solely by the
abrasive composition.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses
291+, especially subclasses 293+ for similar elements used in
comminution.
Subclass:
541
Rotary cylinder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Rigid tool of a
shape of a solid generated by a circle moving axially, which
tool is intended to turn about its axis and engage to abrade
the work by the peripheral surface that is parallel to the
axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 178+ for rotary, a peripheral face tool, and see
the notes thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 70 and 104 for a
burnishing machine or tool.
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere
provided for, and see the notes thereto for other loci for a
roll or combination involving a roll.
Subclass:
542
Circular segments:
This subclass is indented under subclass 541. Rotary
cylindrical abrading tool comprised of a plurality of
preformed blocks of material containing an abrasive which
when assembled together, along the circumference of a circle,
form a complete cylinder or cylindrical annulus.
(1) Note. The blocks of material may be claimed with or
without other means for holding, cementing, or spacing the
blocks.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 541+ the parent of this subclass, for a tool
formed from a single monolithic or molded piece, even though
the abrading surfaces may be discontinuous.
544 for a tool which is formed of a plurality of blocks of
material containing an abrasive but in which each of the
blocks forms a complete cylindrical abrading surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
492, Roll or Roller, subclasses 30+ for a roll, per se,
comprising segmental sections.
Subclass:
543
Detachable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 542. Rotary
cylindrical abrading tool in which the blocks of material
containing the abrasive can be assembled or disassembled
without the destruction of either the blocks or the means for
holding or spacing the blocks.
Subclass:
544
Laminated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 541. Rotary
cylindrical abrading tool of a rigid or inflexible character
composed of plural layers of abrading material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,
subclass 297 for an abrasive tool manufacturing process
involving.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, for a laminated tubular
product not elsewhere provided for.
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
for a laminating process, especially subclasses 184+ for
the manufacture of a wound laminated cylinder.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, for a single
or plural layer stock material product in the form of a web,
sheet, rod, or strand which may include a layer of
particulate material; see especially subclass 87, 143+, 206+,
323+, 372, and 402+, all of which subclasses have
"particulate matter" in their titles.
442, Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth,
etc.), subclasses 68+, 70, 72+, and 74+ for a coated or
impregnated fabric which contains particulate materials.
492, Roll or Roller, subclasses 30+ for a roll, per se, not
elsewhere provided for, having annular axial sections.
Subclass:
545
Work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 541. Rotary
cylindrical abrading tool of a rigid or inflexible character
provided with a guide to position the work, as a knife blade,
at the proper angle to the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 282, 365, 549, and 555, for other work guides.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 88+.
Subclass:
546
Reinforced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 541. Rotary
cylindrical abrading tool imbedded with a strengthening
material.
(1) Note. The strengthening material may be wire mesh,
fiber glass, polymer or resin compound, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material or Composition,
for a process of making a reinforced abrasive tool.
Subclass:
547
Ribbed periphery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 541. Rotary
cylindrical abrading tool in which the cylindrical surface of
the tool is formed by a single monolithic or molded piece
provided with a regular pattern of raised abrasive regions,
such as circumferential ridges or helical formations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
542 for a rotary tool having a discontinuous segmented
surface formed by a plurality of abrasive blocks.
Subclass:
548
Rotary disk:
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Rigid tool
including a circular, planar surface, which tool is intended
to turn about an axis normal to and passing through that
surface to abrade the work by that surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 158+ 259+, 353, and 359, for other rotary
abrading disk tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
125, Stone Working, subclass 3 and 28 for rotary tool stone
dressing apparatus.
Subclass:
549
Work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Rotary disk
abrading tool provided with a member or a holder to
facilitate the application of the tool to the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 282, 545, and 555, for other work guides.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 88+ for
a cutting tool sharpener (other than abrasive), cutter and
guide.
Subclass:
550
Disk laps:
This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Rotary disk
abrading tool specifically disclosed for use in polishing a
work surface in the presence of a fluent abradant.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
450 for a similar mechanism for applying a liquid coolant to
a grinding tool.
Subclass:
551
Scroll:
This subclass is indented under subclass 548. Rotary disk
abrading tool wherein the working surface is formed with a
network of raised curvilinear surfaces.
Subclass:
552
Stationary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Rigid abrading
tool that is nonmoving and to which the work is to be applied
to accomplish the abrading.
(1) Note. A hone or a whetstone is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 312+ for a stationary tool machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses
544+ for stock materials (e.g., of indefinite length) which
are all metal or have adjacent metal components.
Subclass:
553
Metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Rigid,
stationary abrading tool in which the abrading surface is of
metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 84 for a
butchers' steel used in sharpening a cutting edge.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses
544+ for stock material (e.g., of indefinite length) which
is all metal or has adjacent metal components.
Subclass:
554
Having oiler or moistener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Rigid,
stationary abrading tool having means for supplying a
lubricant to the abrading surface.
Subclass:
555
Work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Rigid,
stationary abrading tool provided with a member or a holder
to facilitate the application of the tool to the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 267, 283, 558, and 545, for other work guides.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 82 for a
cutter with a guide used in making a tool.
Subclass:
556
Razor hone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Rigid,
stationary tool for sharpening the cutting edge of a razor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
319 for other stationary blade sharpeners.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, digest 8 for an art
collection directed to razor blade manufacturing.
Subclass:
557
Having actuating handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 540. Rigid tool
provided with a portion disclosed as intended to be grasped
by an operative for manipulation thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 526+ for corresponding flexible tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclass 84 for a
butchers' steel.
Subclass:
558
Work guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 557. Rigid abrading
tool provided with a member for directing the motion of the
tool on the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 267, 282, 438, 549, and 555, for other work guides.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, subclasses 82+ for
making a cutting tool, generally, including use of a work
guide.
Subclass:
559
MISCELLANEOUS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Invention not strictly falling under any other subclass in
this class either because of some inherent abrading
distinction or because it is involving an operation which in
itself or in combination is only doubtfully classifiable as
an abrading operation or because the operation involved is
merely cognate or accessory to some abrading operation
without being sufficiently distinct to warrant assignment to
another art.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The following subclasses are collections of published
disclosures pertaining to various specified aspects of the
abrading art. These specified aspects do not form
appropriate bases for subclasses in the foregoing
classification (i.e., subclasses superior hereto in the
schedule) wherein original copies of patents are placed on
the basis of proximate function of the apparatus. These
subclasses assist a search based on remote function of the
apparatus and may be of further assistance to the searcher,
either as a starting point in searching this class or as an
indication of further related fields of search inside or
outside the class. Thus, there is here provided a second
access for retrieval of a limited number of types of
disclosures.
(1) Note. Disclosures are placed in these subclasses for
their value as references and as leads to appropriate main or
secondary fields of search, without regard to their original
classification or their claimed subject matter.
(2) Note. The disclosures found in the following subclasses
are examples, only, of the indicated subject matter, and in
no instance do they represent the entire extent of the prior
art.
Subclass:
900
GEAR ABRADER:
Disclosure of a device particular to formation or surfacing
of a force transmitting gear.
Subclass:
901
SUPER FINISH:
Disclosure of providing an unusually high luster to a
workpiece by abrading.
Subclass:
902
BRAKE ABRADING:
Disclosure of grinding a brake drum, disk, shoe, or pad.
Subclass:
903
EGG CLEANING:
Disclosure of removing foreign material from an egg.
Subclass:
904
FLEXIBLE ABRASIVE STORAGE REEL:
Disclosure of an abrading device with a compartment or spool
to store several convolutions of flexible abrasive material.
Subclass:
905
METAL LAP:
Disclosure of means to grind comprising a member of metal
which generally conforms to the desired shape of a workpiece
to which is loosely applied crystalline material for grinding
the workpiece by movement of the member with respect
thereto.
Subclass:
906
MACHINE ELEMENT OR UNIT:
Disclosure of a subcombination of structure of this class,
not provided for in the "official" subclasses above.
Subclass:
907
STRIP FEEDING:
Disclosure of presenting an elongated workpiece toward a
grinding means.
Subclass:
908
ELECTRICAL ABRADING:
Disclosure of grinding of surface material from a workpiece
while passing electrical current therethrough.
Subclass:
909
WIRE POLISHING:
Disclosure particular to surface smoothing of a small
metallic elongated strand.
Subclass:
910
ULTRASONIC:
Disclosure of abrading wherein vibrational energy of higher
frequency than detected by normal human hearing is utilized.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for an abrading machine having a rectilinearly
reciprocating tool that vibrates ultrasonically.
Subclass:
911
TOOL MOUNTING POINT:
Disclosure of a support for an abrading tool comprising a
rodlike member having a securing provision to hold the tool
at its axial tip.
Subclass:
912
SHOE ABRADING:
Disclosure of abrading in the formation of or treatment of a
shoe or boot.
Subclass:
913
CONTOUR ABRADING:
Disclosure particular to the grinding of a smooth, uniformly
curved surface.
Subclass:
914
SUPPORTING, POSITIONING, OR FEEDING WORK:
Disclosure of holding a workpiece against gravity,
manipulating a workpiece with respect to an abrading means,
or advancing a workpiece with respect to an abrading means,
of a type not provided for in the "official" subclasses
above.
Subclass:
915
ABRADING WHEEL SPEED CONTROL:
Disclosure of regulating the rotational velocity of a
grinding disk or drum.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 1+ for abrading with use of a condition
responsive control.
Subclass:
916
ABRADING OF BRUSH BRISTLE:
Disclosure of grinding bristles of a brush.
Subclass:
917
ABRADING OF SCALLOPED CUTTING EDGE (E.G., BREAD KNIFE
SHARPENING):
Disclosure of grinding a regularly pointed sharp cutting
edge.
(1) Note. The cutting edge of the disclosure of this
subclass is shaped somewhat like a saw blade, except the
valleys as well as the points are sharpened.
Subclass:
918
ADJUSTABLE WORK SUPPORT (E.G., BY SINE BAR):
Disclosure of repositionable means to support a workpiece not
provided for in the "official" subclasses above.
(1) Note. A sine bar, included herein, serves to establish
the vertical dimension of the angle of the work support
(i.e., the sine of the angle).
Subclass:
919
WANKEL:
Disclosure particularly to abrading a trochoical cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 241 for a Wankel
engine.
418, Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 61.2 for a
Wankel-type expansible chamber device.
Subclass:
920
TIRE "ROUNDING":
Disclosure of abrading to correct the exterior periphery of a
vehicle tire.
Subclass:
921
"PAD" FOR LENS SHAPING TOOL:
Disclosure of an accessory to be used in abrading an optical
lens to cushion a lens engaging portion to prevent undesired
modification of the lens.
(1) Note. The pad of this subclass may prevent scratching
or cracking of the lens.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000