U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 363
ELECTRIC POWER CONVERSION SYSTEMS
Class Definition:
This is a restricted class for conversion systems wherein a
single electrical source circuit is coupled to a single
electrical load circuit.
A. LOAD IN OUTPUT CIRCUIT
1. Load Defined By Its Characteristics:
This class provides for conversion systems as defined the
Glossary, below, even though the electrical load in the
output circuit is recited by its characteristics, e.g., an
inductive load, a load having negative current resistance
characteristic, etc.
2. Particular Load Device:
Systems wherein a particular load device is recited in the
output circuit are classified with the particular art even
though the load device is recited by name only, e.g., a
motor, an electrical furnace, etc. A partial list of such
art systems is set forth under References to Other Classes,
below.
3. What This Class Does Not Provide For:
This class does not provide for systems having a plurality of
load devices whether the load devices are in different output
circuits or in the same output circuit, except where the
plural load device in a single output circuit are similar
type loads. Therefore, if there are a plurality of diverse
load devices in a single output circuit, even though recited
only by their characteristics, e.g., a high inductive load
and a low inductive load, then the system is excluded from
this class.
B. CONVERSION SYSTEMS INCLUDING VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE AND/OR
PHASE CONTROL
Conversion systems of the type classified herein are included
in this class, even though they include voltage magnitude
and/or phase control means.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
B. CONVERSION SYSTEMS HAVING PLURAL INPUT AND/OR PLURAL
OUTPUT CIRCUITS
1. What This Class Excludes:
This class excludes systems having a plurality of either
electrical source (input) circuits (see below with reference
to polyphase systems) or output circuits. Where the system
including the plurality of input and/or output comprises or
is part of an art device, classification is with the art
device. For other such systems, see References to Other
Classes, below.
2. Alternate Input or Load Systems
If the system can operate with only one input and one output
circuit at a time, even though there might be an alternate
input or output circuit, classification is in this class
(363). If the system contemplates that more than one input
or output circuit will be used concurrently at any time, the
system is excluded from this class and pointed out in 1
above. Also, see 3 below, with reference to polyphase
systems.
3. Polyphase Systems
Although this class excludes systems having a plurality of
input or output circuits, systems wherein the input circuit
or the output circuit is a single polyphase circuit are
considered to be systems having a single input or output
circuit and are included in this class.
a. A single polyphase circuit is defined as a polyphase
circuit which either does not have significantly different
sources or significantly different load devices or load
circuits for its several phases.
b. Plural Single Phase Sources To Make Polyphase:
Systems wherein a plurality of single phase sources are
combined to produce a single polyphase output are excluded
from this class. See References to Other Classes, below.
c. Polyphase From Single Phase:
This class includes systems having a single phase source
circuit where phase converter means are used to produce a
polyphase output. Where impedances are used for this
purpose, see Subclass References to the Current Class,
below.
C. CONVERSION SYSTEMS NOT INCLUDED IN THIS CLASS
1. The conversion systems not included in this class for the
most part relate to the communications arts. They include
such converters as oscillators, modulators, demodulators,
detectors, amplifiers, repeaters, filters, pulsing systems,
wave transmission systems, etc. Many of these excluded
systems, such as modulators, amplifiers, detectors, include
means to control an electric current or potential of one
character, such as direct or alternating current, by means of
a control signal so as to produce a current or potential of
another character. For example, in an amplifier system using
an electronic tube with a source of direct current connected
to the anode, the alternating current in the grid circuit
controls the electronic tube so that the flow of direct
current is varied to produce a pulsating current in the
output. Also in some of these systems, such as some types of
detectors, alternating current modulated by a signal is
passed through a rectifying system so as to produce in the
output circuit a pulsating direct current representative of
the signal. For the lines between some of the excluded
systems and this class, see the following sections. Also,
for a partial list of such converters and their
classification, see "Related Art" below.
It is common practice in the communications arts to refer to
a signal or control circuit as an "input" circuit and the
claims might recite "-- --conversion of one frequency to
another" where the first frequency is in fact only a signal
or control for controlling another electrical source circuit
which is the source of energy for producing the second
frequency. In this class, the input circuit is the circuit
to which the energy is applied which is to appear in the
output circuit.
Systems which include Electricity-Heat-Electricity Conversion
are classified elsewhere. Lines and Networks which include
frequency conversion are classified elsewhere. See References
to Other Classes below.
2. Pulse Forming Circuits:
Systems designed to produce a plurality of discrete pulses
similar to the pulses used in radar systems by conversion of
electrical energy will be found in a number of other classes.
Some of these classes are found in References to Other
Classes, below.
3. Amplifiers in Class 330, and the Conversion Systems of
This Class (363):
Systems which are designed to control a local source of
energy by means of a control wave so as to produce an output
which is either an enlarged, diminished or identical copy of
the control wave of the type used in communication systems
are classified as amplifiers in Class 330. In such systems,
the control wave is not the source of power for the system.
4. Oscillators In Class 331 and Conversion Systems Of This
Class (363):
a. Converting Direct to Alternating Current:
Converters for converting direct to alternating current
wherein the system is self-controlled are classified in Class
331, except in those cases wherein the control involves
circuit making and breaking, or wherein a resistor is
mechanically varied. Where the system is such that
conversion may be either way, i.e., A.C. to D.C. or D.C. to
A.C. classification is in this class (363). In those cases
wherein the conversion is A.C. to D.C. classification is in
this class (363). The usual art in Class 331, will have a
tuned circuit for determining the frequency of the resulting
alternating current. However, the art in Class 331 also
includes oscillators using resistance-inductance and
resistance-capacity circuits (e.g., relaxation oscillators)
which are self-controlled. Some of the oscillation
generators in Class 331 are designed to produce pulse waves.
Also, see the reference to Class 315 in References to Other
Classes, below, for a reference to the systems closely
analogous to oscillation generators in Class 315.
b. Oscillators with Alternating Power Supply:
Self-controlled oscillatory circuits which have an
alternating current source of supply are classified as
oscillation generators elsewhere. See References to Other
Classes, below.
c. Oscillators with Rectifier in Output Circuit:
Where the output of an oscillator is rectified, the overall
system is a conversion system for this class (363). See
Subclass References to the Current Class, below.
5. Harmonic Generators, Frequency Multipliers in Class 327
and Class 331:
Systems designed to produce an output alternating current of
a frequency (f[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt]), from an alternating
current having a frequency (f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]) may
be used as frequency multipliers or frequency dividers. In
event the output frequency had definite harmonic relation to
the frequency (f[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt]), (f[subscrpt]1[end
subscrpt] is a multiple of f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]) the
system is a harmonic generator. Where the output frequency
is a submultiple of the frequency (f[subscrpt]1[end
subscrpt]) the system is a frequency divider. Included as
multiples are fractions such as three-halves and as
submultiples are fractions such as two-thirds.
If the system includes an electronic tube of type having a
control means (e.g., grid) as the converting means and the
source of power (e.g., anode supply) is A.C. or D.C. and the
frequency of the output circuit is a multiple of the
frequency applied to the control circuit, classification is
elsewhere; for cascaded oscillator systems of the frequency
multiplying type, and for oscillators combined with output
coupling networks of the harmonic, producing or selecting
type classification is also elsewhere. If the frequency of
the output circuit in such electronic tube systems is a
submultiple of the frequency applied to the control circuit,
classification is elsewhere. Miscellaneous nonlinear active
device frequency control circuits (including mixers and
multipliers) having a configuration other than a single
source coupled to a single electrical load are classified
elsewhere.
If there is no definite relation as above set forth, then the
system is excluded from Class 331, and will be found in this
class. To be classified in Class 331 as a frequency
multiplier or divider the system must contain a local source
of energy or signal for controlling the output frequency.
Where the system is not self-controlled and the source
circuit is supplied with energy having a frequency
(f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]) other than the output energy and
is the same energy as the input energy, and has a frequency
relation to the source energy, which is determined by the
frequency of the source circuit, classification is in class
(363), regardless of the magnitudes of the frequencies or the
proposed use of the system. Also, included in Class 363 are
frequency multipliers and dividers which are not otherwise
classified, such as motor-generator systems where the motor
is supplied by a frequency(f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]) and
the output circuit of the generator has a frequency
(f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]).
6. Demodulators in Class 329, Demodulators and The
Conversion Systems of This Class (363):
Class 329 provides for both the structure of devices used by
demodulating and for the demodulating systems. Included in
these subclasses are systems using a rectifying means
designed to rectify a signal modulated wave so as to produce
in the output circuit a pulsating direct current
representative of the signal, and electronic tube systems
where a modulated wave is impressed upon the control means
(e.g., grid) of the tube so as to control the output to
produce a wave representative of the signal.
7. The Gas Or Vapor Tube Systems In Class 315, Electric Lamp
and Discharge Devices, Systems and the Conversion Systems in
This Class (363):
Class 315 contains many systems which are closely analogous
to the systems in this class. Class 315 provides for
electrical systems for supplying electric current and/or
potential to one or more electronic tubes of the gas or vapor
type. Many of these systems inherently convert A.C. to D.C.
or D.C. to A.C. Some are inherently oscillation generators.
Where the system is limited by claimed subject matter to
supplying a load circuit, it is excluded from Class 315.
Merely claiming the circuit necessary to connect the anode to
the cathode as a load circuit is not sufficient to exclude
the system from Class 315. Claiming a load device, either
specifically or broadly in the output circuit will exclude
the system from Class 315. Claiming subject matter which
would not be provided unless the system were to be used for
supplying a load device is sufficient to exclude the system
from Class 315. For example, reciting means in the output
circuit responsive to overload conditions in output circuit
to control the system will exclude the system from Class
315.
Particular attention is called to the following subclasses
which are fields of search for gas or vapor-type systems
which inherently convert A.C. to D.C. or D.C. to A.C:
Subclasses where the system includes means to substitute one
electronic tube for another when the electronic tube becomes
inoperative by reason of some defect or failure to operate
properly; subclasses where the system includes a signal
indicator or alarm for indicating some condition of the
system; and subclasses where the phase shifting means to
control the current or potential applied to the control (grid
circuit). See the Class 315 reference Search Class note
below, referencing this section.
a. A.C. to D.C. In many of the systems in Class 315, the
electronic tube is an asymmetrical device, and operates to
pass electric current in one direction only between the
electrodes. Merely naming the device as a rectifier or
derectifier is not sufficient to exclude the system from
Class 315, unless some subject matter is claimed which limits
the system to the rectifying or derectifying art.
Accordingly, a search for such systems where control of the
rectifying or derectifying tube is the significant factor
should include Class 315.
See the Class 315 Search Class reference below for the art
subclasses referred to in the sections above, and also note
there the references to subclasses where polyphase current is
supplied to the tube or tubes (note where single phase is
changed to polyphase which is applied to the tube to tubes);
and subclasses where alternating current is supplied to one
or more tubes.
b. D.C. to A.C. Many systems using electric lamps of the
gaseous or vapor discharge type inherently generate
oscillations during operation. Class 315 therefore, provides
for all systems for merely supplying electric current and/or
potential to gaseous or vapor discharge devices whether the
system is claimed as an oscillation generator or merely as a
lamp circuit, provided that the system is not limited by
claimed subject matter to use as an oscillation generator,
such as, for example, means to transfer the oscillating
electric energy to another circuit or means to use the
oscillating energy.
Also, Class 315 includes systems which do not inherently
generate oscillations but which do inherently convert D.C. to
A.C. The subclass areas referred to in the general Section of
7. above, and also note Class 315 subclasses for systems
having a condenser in the supply circuit. Many of the
systems include relaxation circuits (L-C R-C). Note
especially subclasses where the condenser is connected in
shunt to the tube so as to supply pulses of energy to the
tube. In subclass 229 will be found plural tube systems
having a commutating condenser where the system inherently
converts D.C. to A.C. Similar systems using tubes with a
plurality of anodes or cathodes with a commutating condenser
are in Class 315.
Class 315 provides for miscellaneous systems for sequentially
starting a plurality of gas or vapor tubes. So-called ring
circuits are an example of such systems. The search should
extend for any particular type of system to the appropriate
subclass.
8. Motor Generator Systems in Class 322, Electricity, Single
Generator Systems:
Class 322 provides for motor-generator set systems wherein
there is no significant relationship between the
characteristics of the electrical energy supplied to the
motor and the characteristics of the electrical energy
supplied to the output circuit by the generator.
Class 363 provides for those motor-generator set systems
wherein there is a significant relationship between the
characteristics of the electrical energy supplied to the
motor and the characteristics of the electrical energy
supplied to the output circuit by the generator (e.g.,
f[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt] to f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt] or
phase[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt] to phase[subscrpt]2[end
subscrpt]).
9. Modulators in Class 332, Modulators and the Conversion
Systems in This Class (363):
Class 332 includes conversion systems, such as pulse forming
systems, D.C. to A.C. systems, frequency conversion systems
where the purpose of the system is to produce a repetitious
wave which has one of its characteristics (frequency, shape,
phase) varied in accordance with an intelligence which
continuously varies in an arbitrary manner. An example of an
arbitrary continuously varying intelligence is speech.
Examples of the waves produced by these systems are modulated
pulse waves, frequency modulated carrier waves. Oscillation
generators which are modulated by an intelligence are
included in Class 332.
D. LINE BETWEEN CLASS 363 AND CLASS 323, ELECTRICITY, POWER
SUPPLY OR REGULATION SYSTEMS
Class 323 is restricted to those systems wherein only the
magnitude of the current or voltage and/or the magnitude of
the phase angle relationship are controlled, varied, or
regulated. Class 323 excludes all systems wherein a
conversion step is performed on the energy going through the
system.
Class 363 provides for systems for converting input
electrical energy into output electrical energy whose
characteristics are different from those of the input
electrical energy. A Class 363 conversion system may include
as a subcombination thereof a voltage magnitude and/or phase
control system such as might be classified, per se, in Class
323.
E. SYSTEMS NOT INCLUDED IN THIS CLASS
a. Wave Shaping:
Mere wave shaping systems where the electrical energy is not
converted into a different character (e.g., from A.C. to D.C.
or vice versa), or where there is no phase or frequency
conversion are not included in this class. For example,
networks consisting of passive elements, such as resistors,
capacitors, and inductances, which function to alter the
shape of the wave (e.g., to convert a sine wave to a square
wave) and which do not involve current, phase or frequency
conversion means are excluded from Class 363. Also excluded
are systems such as electronic tube systems and saturable
reactor systems where a source of energy (e.g., the anode
supply in the case of an electronic tube system) is
controlled by a control signal so as to produce a wave having
a particular shape, the shape having a definite relation to
the control wave.
See the Search Class notes below for classifications for
appropriate waveform or wave shape determinative or pulse
producing systems and for miscellaneous nonlinear active
device converting, shaping or generating circuits wherein a
single electrical source is not coupled to a single
electrical load.
Also see the Search Class notes below for differentiating and
integrating networks of the passive type, and for wave
shaping networks of the passive type in general.
b. Filters:
Filter network which are designed to transmit freely,
electrical energy of a particular frequency or range of
frequencies while to attenuate substantially electrical
energy of another frequency or range of frequencies are found
elsewhere. See References to OTher Classes, below, for Lines
and Networks which include frequency conversion.
c. Wave Transmission Systems:
Wave transmission systems wherein wave shaping occurs for
facilitating transmission or correcting for distortion of
electrical waves are provided for elsewhere. See References
to Other Classes below referencing this section.
F. CONVERTER STRUCTURE
This class provides for the electrical system as
distinguished from the structure of the device which may be
used in or as part of the system. For the structure of such
converting devices, see References to Other Classes, below.
The following SEARCH CLASS references contain art related to
main subject matter of this class (363). The parenthetical
references at the end of SEARCH CLASS note indicate the
topical subject area.
RELATED ART
See References To Other Classes below for the following
related art areas.
Amplifiers
Battery Charging Systems
Car Systems
Condenser Charging Systems
Consumable Electrode Systems
Current Magnitude Control Systems
Demodulators
Dynamoelectric Machine
Dynamotor Structure
Electric Communication Systems
Electric Measuring Systems
Electric Space Discharge Devices
Electrochemistry
Electrocuting Vermin
Electronic Tube Structure
Electronic Tube Systems
Filters
Furnaces: Electric
Generator Structure
Generator Systems
Harmonic Generator Systems
Heating Systems, Electric
Lamp Systems
Modulators
Motor Systems
Music
Oscillators
Phase Control Systems
Plural Input and/or Output Systems
Pulsing Systems
Railroad Locomotives, Electric
Rectifier Element Structure
Rotary Converter Structure
Signaling Systems
Surgery: Electrical applications
Switching Systems
Telegraph SYstems
Telephone Systems
Testing Systems
Thermocouples or Thermal Batteries
Voltage Magnitude Control Systems
Wave MOde Converters
Wave Transmission Systems
X-Ray Systems Supplied By Rectifiers
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 1+ where the output of an oscillator is
rectified, the overall system is a conversion system for this
class (363).
156 for systems having a single phase source circuit where
impedances are used to produce a polyphase output.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclasses 98+
and 112 for arrangements wherein such electrocuting devices
are supplied by conversion systems. (Electrocuting Vermin)
84, Music, subclasses 672-677 for electrical tone
generators which include conversion systems as a part
thereof. (Music)
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 49+ for electric
motor driven locomotives which may include a conversion
system for converting the electrical energy supplied by the
trolley to a form having characteristics suitable for the
motor. (Railroad Locomotives, Electric)
136, Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric, subclasses
200+. (Thermocouples Or Thermal Batteries)
178, Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for telegraph systems
which may include conversion systems as subcombinations
thereof. (Electric Communication Systems)
178, Telegraphy, has a number of subclasses with pulse
producing systems. In Class 178, the pulses are usually
representative of a telegraph code. Some of the systems
relate to the 5 unit code where marking (a pulse) and spacing
(no pulse) are used to code information. This class provides
for such pulse forming systems and devices where a perforated
tape or other automatic means controls the production of the
pulses. This class also provides for such code pulses where
a keyboard is used to produce the pulses. See this class for
miscellaneous telegraph systems using pulsating currents.
(see Lines With Other Classes, Conversion Systems Not in This
Class, "Pulse Forming Circuits" above)
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate
subclasses for switches used as rectifier elements;
particularly note subclass 19.01 for periodic switches.
(Rectifier Element Structure)
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate
subclasses for arrangements wherein chemical processes are
supplied with electrical energy by a conversion system.
(Electrochemistry)
219, Electric Heating, appropriate subclasses for electric
heating systems supplied by conversion systems. (Heating
Systems, Electric)
246, Railway Switches and Signals, appropriate subclasses for
railway signaling systems which may include conversion
systems as subcombinations thereof.
250, Radiant Energy, subclasses 458+ for signaling
communication systems utilizing fluorescent or phosphorescent
detectors.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 250 for radio and microwave
absorption wavemeters. (Electric Measuring Systems)
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), appropriate subclasses for devices which
may be used as rectifiers, including subclasses 107-181 for
regenerative type devices (e.g., thyristors).
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 9.1 for systems wherein the electrical equipment of
a railroad car such as lights, air conditioning apparatus,
etc., are supplied with electrical energy through a
converter. (Car Systems)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
contains patents for such pulse producing systems. (see
Lines With Other Classes, Conversion Systems Not in This
Class, "Pulse Forming Circuits" above)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 110 for systems wherein a plurality of condensers
are charged in parallel and discharged in series to produce a
high voltage, and wherein there is no conversion. (Condenser
Charging Systems)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 106+ accepts class appropriate waveform or wave
shape determinative or pulse producing systems. (see Lines
With Other Classes, "Systems Not Included In This
Class-Wave-shaping Systems" above)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 43+ for systems where a circuit is energized by
a plurality of sources of supply. (Generator Systems)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 112+ for class appropriate transmission or
interconnection switching systems, and subclass 132 for
repetitive make and break systems. (Switching Systems)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 11+ for systems having a plurality of load
devices in either single or plural output circuits. (See
Lines With Other Classes, Load in Output Circuit, Particular
Load Device.)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 11+ and subclasses 43+ are the generic
subclasses for plural output and plural input circuits,
respectively. (See Lines With Other Classes, "Conversion
Systems Having Plural Input and/or Plural Output Circuits,"
above.)
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 138
for dynamotor structure. (Dynamotor Structure)
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate
subclasses for the structure of electrical generators and
motors and subcombinations thereof, not elsewhere classified.
(Generator Structure)
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 129+
for rotary converter structure. (Rotary Converter
Structure)
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate
subclasses for the structure of electronic tubes. (Electronic
Tube Structure)
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for converter system
supplied arc lamps, arc welders, etc. (Consumable Electrode
Systems)
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, appropriate subclasses for conversion system
supplied consumable electrode lamp systems. (Lamp Systems)
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, provides
in many of the subclasses for systems using gas or vapor
tubes which operate so that the energy passes through the gas
tube in pulses of energy. These systems are closely
analogous to the oscillation generators in Class 331,
appropriate subclasses. See the reference to the Gas Or
Vapor Tube Systems in Class 315 and the Conversion Systems in
This Class (363). (see Lines With Other Classes, Conversion
Systems Not in This Class, "Pulse Forming Circuits" above)
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
subclasses 88+ where the system includes means to
substitute one electronic tube for another when the
electronic tube becomes inoperative by reason of some defect
or failure to operate properly; subclasses 129+ where the
system includes a signal indicator or alarm for indicating
some condition of the system; and subclasses 194+ where the
phase shifting means to control the current or potential
applied to the control (grid circuit); subclasses 137+ where
polyphase current is supplied to the tube or tubes (note
subclass 138 where single phase is changed to polyphase which
is applied to the tube to tubes); subclasses 246+ where
alternating current is supplied to one or more tubes;
subclasses 227+ for systems having a condenser in the supply
circuit. Many of the systems in subclasses 227+ include
relaxation circuits (L-C R-C). Note especially subclasses
241+ where the condenser is connected in shunt to the tube so
as to supply pulses of energy to the tube. In subclass 229
will be found plural tube systems having a commutating
condenser where the system inherently converts D.C. to A.C.
Similar systems using tubes with a plurality of anodes or
cathodes with a commutating condenser are in subclass 235.
Subclass 323 provides for miscellaneous systems for
sequentially starting a plurality of gas or vapor tubes.
So-called ring circuits are an example of such systems. The
search should extend for any particular type of system to the
appropriate subclass noted in the search notes to subclass
323. (see Lines With Other Classes, "The Gas Or Vapor Tube
Systems In Class 315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,
etc." above)
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, for gas or
vapor tube systems. See Lines WIth Other Classes, above.
(Electronic Tube Systems)
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, gas or
vapor tube systems analogous to oscillators. See Lines With
Other Classes, above. (Oscillators)
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate
subclasses for electric motor systems, which include
conversion means. (Motor Systems)
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for the use of electric
power conversion in a battery or capacitor charging or
discharging system. (Battery Charging Systems)
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, subclasses 166+ for miscellaneous capacitor
charging or discharging systems. (Condenser Charging
Systems)
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 1.5
for systems which include electricity-heat-electricity
conversion. (Lines With Other Classes. "Conversion Systems
not Included in This Class." above)
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220-354 for current and/or voltage magnitude
control systems. See Lines With Other Classes, above.
(Current Magnitude Control Systems)
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 212-219, subclasses indented under "Phase
Control", for phase control systems of general application.
(Phase Control Systems)
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, is the
miscellaneous class of electrical measuring and testing.
Note subclass 76.41 for frequency measurement using
frequency conversion; subclass 85 for phase comparison using
frequency conversion; and subclasses 118, 119, and 120 for
electric metering using current conversion.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube circuits and see the class
definition search notes also.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 365+ for miscellaneous
gating circuits analogous to mechanical switching.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 291+ for miscellaneous
pulse or clock generating circuits. (See Lines With Other
Classes, Pulse Forming Circuits.)
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 100+ accepts
miscellaneous nonlinear active device converting, shaping or
generating circuits wherein a single electrical source is not
coupled to a single electrical load. (see Lines With Other
Classes, "Systems Not Included In This Class-Wave-shaping
Systems" above)
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, if the frequency of the output circuit
in such electronic tube systems is a submultiple of the
frequency applied to the control circuit, classification is
in Class 327. Also included in Class 327 are miscellaneous
nonlinear active device frequency control circuits (including
mixers and multipliers) having a configuration other than a
single source coupled to a single electrical load. (Lines
With Other Classes, C, "Conversion Systems not Included in
This Class.")
329, Demodulators, appropriate subclasses for appropriate
subclasses for rectifiers used in demodulators
(Demodulators)
330, Amplifiers, for amplifiers. (Amplifiers)
331, Oscillators, for self-controlled oscillatory circuits
which have an alternating current source of supply classified
as oscillation generators where there is no definite relation
between the frequency of the source circuit and the frequency
of the output circuit; subclasses 111+, 129+, and 143+ also
includes oscillators using resistance-inductance and
resistance-capacity circuits (e.g., relaxation oscillators)
which are self-controlled. (Lines With Other Classes
"Conversion Systems not Included in This Class, Converting
Direct to Alternating Current" )
331, Oscillators, subclass 53 for cascaded oscillator
systems of the frequency multiplying type, and subclasses 76
and 77 for oscillators combined with output coupling networks
of the harmonic, producing or selecting type; subclass 71 for
a Self-controlled oscillatory circuits which have an
alternating current source of supply where there is no
definite relation between the frequency of the source circuit
and the frequency of the output circuit. (Lines With Other
Classes, Conversion Systems not Included in This Class.,
"Harmonic Generators, Frequency Multipliers" and "Oscillators
with Alternating Power Supply")
332, Modulators, for systems including a pulse generator and
means to modulate the pulse with intelligence. (See Lines
With Other Classes, "Pulse Forming Circuits".)
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 21 for
wave mode converters. (Wave Mode Converters)
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, includes wave
transmission systems wherein wave shaping occurs for
facilitating transmission or correcting for distortion of
electrical waves; see subclass 14 for amplitude compression
and expansion systems; subclasses 15 and 16, respectively,
for pilot line and current control systems wherein
compensation occurs for changes in a transmission line's
impedance characteristics; subclass 28 for equalizers of the
passive type which modify the attenuation or attenuation and
phase characteristics over a frequency range of the energy
passing therethrough, and subclasses 138+ for passive
networks for retarding wave energy a predetermined period of
time over a range of frequencies; subclasses 25+ for passive
networks for balanced to unbalanced circuit conversion;
subclasses 236+ for long transmission lines which may be
balanced; subclasses 4+ for plural channel systems which
include balanced circuits. (see Lines With Other Classes,
"Systems Not Included In This Class--Wave Transmission
Systems)
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 19
provides for differentiating and integrating networks of the
passive type, and subclass 20 provides for wave shaping
networks of the passive type in general. (see Lines With
Other Classes, "Systems Not Included In This
Class--Wave-shaping Systems" above)
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclasses 167+
for filter network which are designed to transmit freely,
electrical energy of a particular frequency or range of
frequencies while to attenuate substantially electrical
energy of another frequency or range of frequencies;
subclasses 24, 245+ and 248+ for Lines and Networks which
include frequency conversion. (see Lines With Other Classes,
"Systems Not Included In This Class--Filters" above)
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclasses 87+ for vibrator type
electromagnetic switches.
340, Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclass for
signaling systems which may include conversion systems as
subcombinations thereof.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 287+ for
signal box electric signaling systems having means for
transmitting a train of pulse signals. The pulses are
usually formed by making and breaking a circuit. (See Lines
With Other Classes, "Pulse Forming Circuits".)
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion, subclasses 20+
and 173+ for a pulse code transmitter. (See Lines With Other
Classes, Pulse Forming Circuits.)
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and
Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation) appropriate
subclasses for radar and directive radio systems which may
include conversion systems as subcombinations thereof.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 109+ for light wave communications.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
436 for the structure of rectifier elements of the
electrolytic type.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
93.1 for safety systems involving circuit interruption,
subclasses 160+ for relay and electromagnetic switching
systems, and subclasses 245+ for polarity reversing systems.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate
subclasses for electric furnaces which may be supplied by
conversion systems. (Furnaces, Electric)
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices, subclasses 101+.
(X-Ray Systems Supplied By Rectifiers)
379, Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses for
telegraphy systems which may include conversion systems as
subcombinations thereof.
379, Telephonic Communications, subclasses 362+ for pulse
producing systems with converting means for use in telephone
cell transmitter systems. (See Lines With Other Classes,
Pulse Forming Circuits.)
607, Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application,
subclass 1 for arrangements for supplying electricity to the
body. These arrangements require electric currents having
particular characteristics and it is usual for them to
include conversion systems as subcombinations. (Surgery,
Electrical Applications)
GLOSSARY:
ALTERNATING CURRENT
Alternating current includes pulsating current which is of
such a character as to have the characteristics of
alternating current (e.g., such as to be applied to the
primary of a transformer to produce alternating current in
the secondary).
AUTOMATIC CONTROL
Includes means for sensing the existence of, the magnitude
of, or a deviation of a predetermined condition, e.g., the
existence, magnitude or change of temperature voltage, etc.,
combined with means for initiating the operation of a
controlled means to perform a controlling operation.
CHOPPER
A device for interrupting current at regular intervals.
CONTROL
Includes either the maintenance of a condition at a
predetermined value or the variation of a condition from one
value to another.
CONVERSION
This class (363), includes only the following: (1) Changing
alternating current to direct current (rectification); (2)
Changing direct current to alternating current (inverting);
(3) Systems having means for performing a combination of the
conversions of (1) and (2) above so that the input and output
current are of the same character, but the system includes
intermediate means to convert the current to a different
character (e.g., A.C. to D.C. to A.C.); (4) Changing the
frequency of alternating current from one frequency to a
different frequency; (5) Changing electrical energy having
one number phases to a different number of phases; (6)
Combination of any of the above.
CURRENT CONVERSION
The transformation of electrical energy from alternating
current to direct current or the transformation of direct
current to alternating current.
CURRENT OR VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE CONTROL
Includes controlling either the amplitude of the current or
voltage, or controlling the average or effective value of the
current or voltage, even though the amplitude is not
controlled.
DIRECT CURRENT
Direct current includes pulsating current which is of such
character as to have the characteristics of direct current
(e.g., such as the output of half-wave rectifier which may be
smoothed by filters to produce a substantially nonpulsating
current).
DYNAMOELECTRIC MACHINE
A device for converting electrical energy into mechanical
energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy or
combinations thereof which involve electromagnetic induction.
(Also see particular type).
DYNAMOTOR
Also called a rotary converter or synchronous inverter. A
rotating device for changing a D.C. voltage to another value.
It is a combination electric motor and D.C. generator with
two or more armature windings and a common set of field
poles. One armature winding receives the direct current and
rotates (thus operating as a motor), while the others
generate the required voltage (and thus operate as dynamos or
generators).
ELECTRICAL SPACE DISCHARGE DEVICE
An apparatus which is intended to have an electrical current
flow between two spaced electrodes, at least part of the
current path being constituted by a gas vapor or vacuum.
"Electronic tube" is used as the name for an electric space
discharge device in this class. Included are discharge
devices which operate in the open, i.e., not in an enclosed
envelope.
ELECTRONIC TUBE
An electrical space discharge device.
ELECTRIC SOURCE CIRCUIT
The circuit designed to be connected to a source of electric
energy.
FREQUENCY CONVERSION
The transformation of electrical energy having a first
frequency to electrical energy having a second frequency.
IMPEDANCE
Includes an inductance, or a capitance, or a resistance, or
any combination thereof, and excludes any source of
electrical energy.
LINE CIRCUIT
The main power path between the source and the load.
PHASE CONVERSION
The transformation of electrical energy having one number of
phases to electrical energy having another number of phases.
PULSATING CURRENT
A nonuniform electron flow which varies periodically but does
not reverse its direction.
SEMICONDUCTOR
A solid or liquid electronic conductor, with resistivity
between that of metals and that of insulators in which the
electrical charge carrier concentration increases with
increasing temperature over some temperature range. Over
most of the practical temperature range, the resistance has a
negative temperature coefficient. Certain semiconductors
possess two types of carriers, negative electrons and
positive holes. The charge carriers are usually electrons,
but there may be also some ionic conductivity.
THYRISTOR
A bistable device comprising three or more junctions. At
least one of the junctions can switch between reverse and
forward-voltage polarity within a single quadrant of the
anode-to-cathode voltage-current characteristics. Used in a
generic sense to include silicon controlled rectifiers and
gate-control switches as well as multilayer two- terminal
devices.
TRANSFORMER:
An electrical device which transfers electrical energy from
one circuit to another circuit at the same frequency solely
by electrical induction.
TRANSISTORS:
An active semiconductor device usually made of silicon or
germanium, having three or more electrodes. The three main
electrodes used are the emitter, base, and collector.
Conduction is by means of electrons (elementary particles
having the smallest negative electrical charge that can
exist) and holes (mobile electron vacancies equivalent to a
positive charge).
VIBRATOR
A circuit interrupter that has a movable conducting member
which moves between contacts for converting D.C. to A.C. or
A.C. to D.C.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
CASCADED OR COMBINED, DIVERSE CONVERSIONS IN WHICH THE
FREQUENCY OR PHASE OR COMBINED CONVERSION IS WITHOUT
INTERMEDIATE CONVERSION TO D.C.:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein different types of conversions are cascaded or
combined without intermediate conversion to D.C.
(1) Note. The conversions must be of the type classifiable
in this class. That is, the system must be within the class
definition and include means to effect a differing sequence
or combination of at least two of the following operations:
1. Current conversion; 2. Phase conversion; 3. Frequency
conversion
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 15+ 34+, for diverse conversion with intermediate
conversion to D.C.
Subclass:
2
Current and phase (e.g., D.C. -Ph[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt]
-Ph[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
wherein the system includes current conversion and phase
conversion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 13+ for current conversion systems.
subclasses 148+ for phase conversion systems.
Subclass:
3
Phase 1 to phase 2 to D.C.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter
wherein A. C. of one phase is converted to A.C. of another
phase which is then converted to D.C.
Subclass:
4
Single phase to polyphase to D.C.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
wherein single phase A.C. is converted to polyphase A.C.
which is then converted to D.C.
Subclass:
5
With interphase transformer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
wherein an interphase transformer is provided in the
polyphase circuit.
(1) Note. See subclass 64 for definition of an interphase
transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64 for current conversion systems operating without phase
conversion which include an interphase transformer.
Subclass:
6
Including plural anode/single cathode device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter
wherein the system includes a device having multiple anodes,
but only a single cathode.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
66 for current conversion systems including plural
anode/single cathode devices; and subclass 168 for frequency
conversion systems including plural anode/single cathode
devices.
Subclass:
7
With dynamic rectifier in phase 2 to D.C. stage (e.g.,
commutator type):
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
wherein a dynamic rectifier is provided for converting the
phase 2 A.C. to D.C.
(1) Note. A dynamic converter is a converter having
mechanical moving parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 102+ for dynamoelectric machine current
conversion.
108 for current conversion by circuit interrupter, rotating
rectifier type conversion systems.
Subclass:
8
Current and frequency (e.g., f[subscrpt]1[end
subscrpt]-f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]-D.C.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
wherein the system includes current and frequency conversion
and frequency conversion.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for
definitions of current conversion and frequency conversion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 13+ for current conversion systems.
subclasses 157+ for frequency conversion systems.
Subclass:
9
Combined phase and frequency conversion (i.e.,
Ph[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt]f[subscrpt]1[end
subscrpt]-Ph[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]f[subscrpt]2[end
subscrpt]):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
wherein the system includes phase and frequency conversion.
(1) Note. See the class definition Glossary, for
definitions of phase conversion and frequency conversion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 148+ for phase conversion systems.
subclasses 157+ for frequency conversion systems.
Subclass:
10
By semiconductor device converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
wherein the converter means includes a semiconductor device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 159+ for frequency conversion by semiconductor
converter.
Subclass:
11
By electron tube converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
wherein the converter means includes an electron tube
device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151 for phase conversion by electron tube converter.
166 for frequency conversion by electron tube converter.
Subclass:
12
By saturable reactor converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
wherein the converter means includes a saturable reactor
device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 91+ for current conversion with saturable
reactor control means in the line current.
Subclass:
13
CURRENT CONVERSION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the conversion system includes means to
convert alternating current to direct current or direct
current to alternating current.
(1) Note. The conversion systems included in this and the
indented subclasses are the current conversion systems as
defined in the class definition.
(2) Note. In the communication arts, there are many
different conversion systems which are, in fact, converters
of D.C. to A.C. or vice versa. A partial list of such
converters includes oscillators, detectors, amplifiers,
demodulators, etc. See the class definition, Lines With
Other Classes, for more detailed discussion of the conversion
systems not included in this class. See the class
definition, References to Other Classes, for a listing of the
related art.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 1+ for current conversion systems cascaded or
combined with frequency or phase converters without
intermediate conversion to D.C.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for self-sustaining
electric wave generating systems for converting direct
current to alternating current.
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices, subclasses 101+
for X-ray tube energizing circuits which may include circuit
interrupter type converters.
Subclass:
14
Cryogenic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the conversion system is operated at temperatures
near absolute zero.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
141 for current conversion systems with noncryogenic cooling
means.
Subclass:
15
Including D.C.-A.C.-D.C. converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
including a first stage with means to change direct current
to intermediate alternating current, and a further second
stage with means to change the intermediate alternating
current to direct current.
(1) Note. Chopper-type converters are classified in this or
indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 52+ 67+, 76+, 81+, 84+, 108+, 114+, and 125+, for
single stage A.C.-D.C. systems.
subclasses 55+ 71+, 95+, 109, 120+, 131+, and 135+, for
single stage D.C.-A.C. systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 118 for
amplifiers of the type described below under Class 330, when
claimed in combination with a meter.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 10 for amplifier systems for D.C.
amplification which have a modulator means to convert D.C. to
A.C., and A.C. amplifier and demodulator means to detect the
D.C. signal for feeding to the load. See the search notes
thereunder.
Subclass:
16
Having transistorized inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
in which the D.C.-A.C. conversion is performed by
transistorized circuitry.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
80 97+ and 131, for single stage D.C.-A.C. conversion by
transistorized inverter means.
Subclass:
17
Bridge type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
in which the inverter consists of either two transistors and
two capacitors or four transistors in a bridge
configuration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
98 for transistorized bridge-type conversion means with
transistor control means in the line circuit.
132 for single stage D.C.-A.C. conversion by transistorized
bridge-type conversion means.
Subclass:
18
Single ended self-oscillating type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
in which one transistor switch means automatically operates
to consecutively and periodically couple the source to an
inductive device.
(1) Note. The inductive device may be a swinging choke or
the primary winding of a power transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
20 for single ended separately driven type.
30 for single ended electron tube type.
Subclass:
19
With automatic control of the magnitude of the voltage or
current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Subject matter
which includes circuitry for the regulation of the output
voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21 23, 25+, 28, and 78+, for other automatic voltage and
current regulation circuits.
Subclass:
20
Single ended separately driven type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
in which one transistor switch means is operated by an
independent drive circuit to consecutively and periodically
couple the source to an inductive device.
(1) Note. The inductive device may be a swinging choke or
the primary winding of a power transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for single ended self-oscillating type transistorized
inverters.
30 for single ended tube type transistorized inverters.
Subclass:
21
With automatic control of the magnitude of the output voltage
or current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Subject matter
which includes circuitry for the regulation of the output
voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 23, 25+, 28, and 78+, for other automatic voltage and
current regulation circuits.
Subclass:
22
Double ended (i.e., push-pull) self-oscillating type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
in which the D.C.-A.C. stage comprises a push-pull
oscillator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 24+ and 134, for other double ended separately
driven type.
31 for double ended tube type inverter.
Subclass:
23
With automatic control of the magnitude of the output voltage
or current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Subject matter
which includes circuitry for the regulation of the output
voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 21, 25+, and 78+, for other automatic voltage and current
regulation circuits.
Subclass:
24
Double ended (i.e., push-pull) separately driven type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
in which an independent drive circuit controls both the on
and the off state of the transistors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 22+ and 133, for other transistorized double
ended inverters.
31 for tube type double ended inverters. 134, for single
stage transistorized double ended separately driven type
inverters.
Subclass:
25
With automatic control of the magnitude of the output voltage
or current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Subject matter
which includes circuitry for the regulation of the output
voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 21, 23, 28, and 78+, for other automatic voltage and
current regulation circuits.
Subclass:
26
Using pulse width modulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein circuit means are included to control the duration of
the pulses that drive the transistors, which regulate the
magnitude of the output voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 41+ for pulse modulating techniques in
introducing or eliminating frequency components to or from
inverter systems.
Subclass:
27
Having thyristor inverter, (e.g., SCR):
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
in which the device is a bistable semiconductor element made
up of three or more junctions.
(1) Note. Examples of these devices are the silicon
controlled rectifier (SCR), the gate controlled switch (SCS),
or the four layer diode.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 for inverter systems with automatic control having
thyristor control means in the line circuit.
subclasses 135+ for single stage thyristor inverter
systems.
Subclass:
28
With automatic control of the magnitude of the output voltage
or current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter
which includes circuitry for the regulation of the output
voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 21, 23, 28, and 78+, for other automatic voltage and
current regulation circuits.
Subclass:
29
Having electron tube inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
in which the D.C.-A.C. conversion is performed by circuitry
utilizing electron tubes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 and 120+, for other inverters utilizing electron tubes.
Subclass:
30
Single ended type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter
in which one electronic tube is repeatedly and periodically
coupled to an inductive device.
(1) Note. The inductive device may be a swinging choke or
the primary winding of a power transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 18+ for single ended transistorized self-
oscillating type inverters.
subclasses 20+ for single ended transistorized separately
driven type inverters.
Subclass:
31
Double ended type (i.e., push-pull):
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter
in which two electronic tubes are alternately and
periodically coupled to opposite terminals of a center-tapped
primary winding of a power transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 22+ for double ended transistorized self-
oscillating type inverters.
subclasses 24+ for double ended transistorized separately
driven type inverters.
Subclass:
32
Rotary-commutator-type inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
in which the conversion is performed mechanically utilizing
rotating, arcuate segments.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
109 for other rotary-type inverters.
Subclass:
33
Vibrator-type inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
in which the conversion is performed by a vibrator.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for
definition of vibrator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 for other vibrator-type inverters.
Subclass:
34
Including an A.C.-D.C.-A.C. converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
including a first stage with means to change alternating
current to intermediate direct current, and a further second
stage with means to change the intermediate direct current to
alternating current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 52+ 61, 67+, 84+, 108, 114+, and 125, for A.C. to
D.C. single current conversion systems.
Subclass:
35
For transfer of power via a high voltage D.C. link (i.e.,
HVDC transmission system):
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
wherein the conversion of A.C. to D.C. facilitates the
transmission of power as D.C. between A.C. systems.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for HVDC transmission systems with automatic or integral
protection means.
Subclass:
36
For change of phase (e.g., number of phases):
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
wherein there is a phase conversion with an intermediate
conversion to D.C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 2+ 9+ and 148+, for phase conversion without
intermediate conversion to D.C.
Subclass:
37
By semiconductor rectifier and inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
which includes semiconductor converting elements in both this
rectifier and the inverter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 16+ and 27+, for converters which both rectify and invert,
and utilize semiconductor elements to perform the inverting
conversion.
subclasses 53+ 61, 67+, 77, and 125+, for semiconductor
rectifier systems.
subclasses 56+ 131+ and 135, for semiconductor inverter
systems.
Subclass:
38
By electron tube rectifier and inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
which includes electron tubes as the converting elements in
both the rectifier and the inverter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 27+ for current converters which both invert and
rectify having electron tube inverter.
114 for electron tube rectifier systems.
subclasses 120+ for electron tube inverter systems.
Subclass:
39
With means to introduce or eliminate frequency components:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the system includes means for introducing a desired
harmonic frequency into the system or filtering an undesired
frequency component from the system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 3 for systems in which currents of different
frequency or phase are superimposed thereon; and subclass 73
for systems having plural supply circuits of different
frequency; also, subclass 105 for systems with harmonic
filters or neutralizers.
329, Demodulators, subclasses 318+ for undesired signal
removal from a frequency demodulator and subclasses 349+ for
undesired signal removal from an amplitude demodulator.
332, Modulators, appropriate subclasses for systems wherein a
single wave controls a base fundamental or carrier wave to
produce a resultant modulated wave.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclasses 167+
for wave filter networks.
Subclass:
40
In inverter systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
where the system is a D.C. to A.C. converter.
Subclass:
41
By pulse modulation technique (e.g. PWM, PPM, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
wherein each half cycle of the basic inverter frequency is
divided into two or more pulses in accordance with a
modulating waveform.
(1) Note. The most common technique in this subclass is
pulse width modulation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 265+ for systems having signal shaping,
converting or generating means with pulse width control.
Subclass:
42
Including notching:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
wherein "Notches" are produced in the inverted waveform by
temporarily applying opposite discrete voltages from that
which dominates during the waveform cycle.
Subclass:
43
By step-wave, amplitude summation technique:
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
in which a plurality of square waves are selectively combined
to provide stepped waveform approaching a sine wave.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 107 for inverters with waveform or wave shape
determining systems.
Subclass:
44
In rectifier systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter
wherein the systems is an A.C.-D.C. converter.
Subclass:
45
Including means for reducing ripples from the output:
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein the means reduce the ripple from the output D.C.
line.
(1) Note. The most usual means in this subclass is a low
pass filter used to eliminate ripple from the D.C. line.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 181 for
filters of the smoothing type, e.g., direct current power
supply filters.
Subclass:
46
With ripple responsive, automatic control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter
wherein the means provided are responsive to the D.C. ripple
on the output line, and the means include circuitry for
reducing the magnitude of the sensed ripple.
Subclass:
47
With low-pass L or LC filter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter
wherein a low pass inductor or inductor-capacitor filter is
used to reduce the ripple.
(1) Note. The filter may be integral with or on the output
side of the rectifier.
Subclass:
48
For semiconductor rectifier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Subject matter
wherein the rectification is performed by a semiconductor
system or device.
Subclass:
49
With starting arrangement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
having means to initiate operation of the conversion system.
Subclass:
50
Including automatic or integral protection means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
including means which are automatically responsive to an
abnormal or unsafe condition and either disables the system
or corrects the abnormal or unsafe condition.
(1) Note. Examples of the conditions to which the systems
of this subclass are responsive are: arc back, flash over,
excess heating, short circuit, open ground, input voltage
failure, failure of an element of the system, excess overload
and underload.
(2) Note. The abnormal or unsafe condition may be in the
converter device or in any other part of the system.
(3) Note. An example of the integral protection means is a
zener diode which responds to an overload condition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 635+ for
electrical apparatus condition responsive means.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses
1+ for safety and protection of general systems and
devices, subclasses 91.1+ for overvoltage protection, and
93.1+ for abnormal current protection.
Subclass:
51
For high voltage D.C. transmission systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein the system for which protection is provided is a high
voltage D.C. transmission system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for other HVDC transmission systems.
Subclass:
52
For rectifiers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein the systems for which protection is provided is an
A.C. to D.C. converter.
Subclass:
53
Semiconductor type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter
which includes a semiconductor device as the converting
element.
Subclass:
54
Thyristor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device is a "Thyristor".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), subclasses 107-181 for regenerative
type devices, including thyristors.
Subclass:
55
For inverters:
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
wherein the system for which protection is provided is a D.C.
to A.C. converter.
Subclass:
56
Semiconductor type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Subject matter
which includes a semiconductor device as the converting
element.
Subclass:
57
Thyristor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device is a "Thyristor".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), subclasses 107-181 for regenerative
type devices, including thyristors.
Subclass:
58
Bridge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter
wherein the inverter circuit is in a bridge-type
configuration and includes at least one thyristor.
Subclass:
59
With voltage multiplication means (i.e., V out > V in):
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein storage type device means are provided for
multiplying the voltage, so that the output voltage is a
multiple of the input voltage.
(1) Note. An example of a voltage multiplier is an
arrangement wherein a plurality of condensers are charged in
parallel and discharged in series.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 110 for voltage multipliers of the type which
charges two or more capacitors in parallel and discharges
them in series.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for series connection of
voltaic cells or capacitors in a battery or capacitor
charging or discharging system.
Subclass:
60
Including semiconductor means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter
wherein the converting means includes a nonlinear solid-state
device.
Subclass:
61
For Rectifying:
This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Subject matter
wherein the conversion is from A.C. to D.C.
Subclass:
62
With voltage division by storage type impedance (i.e., V out
>V in):
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein storage type device means are provided for dividing
the voltage, so that the output voltage is a subdivision of
the input voltage.
(1) Note. An example of a voltage divider is an arrangement
wherein a plurality of capacitors are charged in series and
discharged in parallel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 109 for voltage dividers of the type which charges
two or more capacitors in series and discharges them in
parallel.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for series connection of
voltaic cells or capacitors in a battery or capacitor
charging or discharging system.
Subclass:
63
With means to selectively provide D.C. of either polarity:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
having means to optionally supply a D.C. output of either a
negative or positive polarity.
Subclass:
64
With interphase transformer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the conversion system is of a type wherein polyphase
alternating current is converted to direct current or vice
versa and an interphase transformer is provided in the
polyphase circuit.
(1) Note. An interphase transformer is an auto transformer
or a set of mutually coupled reactors used in combination
with the converter transformers, where a plurality of
transformers are used in the line circuits to balance the
distribution of current among the converters connected to the
transformer. Also, an interphase transformer may be
connected to the line circuit so as to multiply the number of
paths of the current through the converter without
multiplying the number of phases in the line circuit
containing the interphase transformers. Many of the systems
having interphase transformers use electronic tubes as the
converting means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclass
142 for electronic tube systems of the gas or vapor type
having a polyphase source of supply for the electronic tubes,
the supply circuit including an interphase transformer. The
systems in subclass 142 of Class 315 are closely analogous to
the systems in this subclass as many of the systems in Class
315 are disclosed as being rectifying systems.
Subclass:
65
Having plural converters for single conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein a single current conversion is effected
simultaneously by a plurality of converters.
(1) Note. The converters may be connected in series, in
parallel, or combinations thereof.
(2) Note. In the systems in this subclass the conversion
must be only from A.C. to D.C. or from D.C. to A.C. The
ordinary full wave rectifying systems are excluded because
each half of the wave is rectified by a separate converter,
and rectifiers are alternately effective, i.e., one half of
the wave being rectified and then the other half of the wave.
Full wave systems having a plurality of converters for each
half of the alternating current wave are included. Likewise,
polyphase systems are excluded unless one or more of the
phases is provided with a plurality of converters so that a
single current conversion in a phase is effected by a
plurality of converters. Full wave and polyphase converter
systems will be found in the other subclasses of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 and 34+, for current conversion systems where the system
includes means to effect a plurality of current conversion.
Examples of the systems in subclasses 34+ are systems which
convert A.C. to D.C. to A.C. or which convert A.C. to D.C. to
A.C. to D.C.
64 for current conversion systems which include an
interphase transformer for multiplying the number of paths
through the converter without multiplying the number of
phases.
Subclass:
66
Including plural anode and single cathode (e.g., vapor arc
device):
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
wherein each converter means is an electron tube device
having more than one anode and only one cathode.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6 for cascaded conversion of current and phase including at
least one plural anode-single cathode device.
168 for plural anode-single cathode devices used in
frequency conversion.
Subclass:
67
Plural rectifiers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
having more than one rectifier as the conversion means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), subclasses 75+ for plural discrete
rectifying active solid-state devices combined with a
housing.
Subclass:
68
In series (e.g., series SCR's, bridge circuits, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter
wherein the rectifiers are connected in series.
Subclass:
69
In parallel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter
wherein the rectifiers are connected in parallel.
Subclass:
70
Including semiconductor device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Subject matter
wherein the converting means includes a semiconductor
device.
Subclass:
71
Plural inverters:
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
having more than one inverter as the conversion means.
Subclass:
72
Master-slave:
This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Subject matter
wherein one inverter is operated in a phase shifted
relationship with respect to a second inverter.
Subclass:
73
Constant current to constant voltage or vice versa:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the system includes means for changing constant
current to constant voltage or vice versa.
(1) Note. Some exemplary arrangements for changing constant
current to constant voltage or vice versa include monocyclic
networks and networks and constant current transformers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220-354 for miscellaneous current regulating
systems of the constant current type.
Subclass:
74
With condition responsive means to control the output voltage
current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the system is provided with means responsive to a
predetermined condition which controls the voltage and/or
current magnitude of the system in response to that
condition.
(1) Note. The control may be accomplished by controlling
any of the following: (1) The converter supply circuit; (2.)
The converter load circuit; (3) The converter itself.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 635+ for
electrical apparatus condition responsive means.
Subclass:
75
Including inductive integral sensing and control means (e.g.,
ferroresonant circuit):
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
wherein the system includes inductive integral means for
performing the dual functions of sensing a condition and
regulating the output voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for plural cooperating sensing and control means for
rectifier with inductive means in the line circuit.
90 for cooperating sensing and control means for rectifier
with inductive means in the line circuit.
Subclass:
76
Including integral sensing and control means for rectifier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
wherein the system is a rectifier which includes integral
means for performing the dual functions of sensing a
condition and regulating the output voltage or current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 52+ for integral protection means for
rectifiers.
Subclass:
77
With semiconductor conversion means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Subject matter
wherein the rectifier is a semiconductor circuit or device.
Subclass:
78
Cooperating separate sensing and control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
wherein the system includes means to sense a condition and to
operate in conjunction with a separate means to regulate the
output voltage or current.
(1) Note. This subclass includes those systems wherein a
line condition is compared with a standard (e.g., line
voltage compared with a standard voltage cell). Such systems
are considered to be responsive to a single condition.
Subclass:
79
Including plural sensing or control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter
which includes more than one sensing or control means to
regulate the output voltage or current.
(1) Note. The above plural conditions may include
conditions of the same kind, such as the voltage of the
supply circuit and the voltage of the load circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 19, 20,
21, and 24+ for single generator systems, including
motor-generator systems having automatic control of the
generator in response to plural circuit conditions of the
generator.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
appropriate subclasses for automatic voltage and/or current
control systems which are responsive to plural line circuit
conditions.
Subclass:
80
With transistor as control means in line circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
having transistor control means in the line circuit, the
operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
89 for similar subject matter in a rectifier system.
97 for similar subject matter in an inverter system.
Subclass:
81
For rectifier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
wherein the condition responsive system is included in an
A.C.-D.C. converter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
84 for single sensing and control means for a rectifier
system.
Subclass:
82
With inductive control means in the line circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter
having inductive control means in the line circuit, the
operation of which is controlled by the condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for inductive integral sensing and control means.
90 for inductive control means in the line circuit of a
rectifier system.
Subclass:
83
With electron tube or valve as control means in line
circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter
wherein the line circuit control means includes an electronic
tube.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for
definition of electronic tube.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
94 for similar subject matter in a rectifier system.
99 for similar subject matter in an inverter system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to electronic tubes of the vapor or gas
type.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for current or voltage magnitude
control systems where the current or voltage magnitude
control means includes an electronic tube.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube systems not otherwise
classified.
Subclass:
84
For rectifier system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter
wherein the system is an A.C. to D.C. converter.
Subclass:
85
With thyristor control means in the line circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter
having a thyristor in the line circuit, the operation of
which is controlled by condition responsive means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 for this subject matter in an inverter system.
Subclass:
86
External to rectifier (e.g., pre or post regulation):
This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Subject matter
wherein the thyristor controls the flow of current to or from
the rectifier.
Subclass:
87
For plural phase to D.C. rectifier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Subject matter
wherein the A.C. input to the rectifier is of more than one
phase.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 for plural phase A.C. to D.C. thyristor rectifier
systems.
Subclass:
88
For full wave rectifier with at least 1 three electrode
device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Subject matter
wherein each half wave is rectified by a separate rectifier
and the rectifiers are alternately operated to perform full
wave rectification.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 67+ for plural rectifiers for single
conversion.
Subclass:
89
With transistor control means in the line circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter
having transistor control means in the line circuit, the
operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
80 for this subject matter with plural sensing and control
means.
97 for this subject matter in an inverter system.
Subclass:
90
With inductive control means in the line circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter
having inductive control means in the line circuit, the
operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for inductive integral means for performing the dual
functions of sensing a condition and regulating the output
voltage or current.
82 for plural sensing with inductive control means in the
line circuit.
Subclass:
91
Saturable reactor (e.g., magnetic amplifier):
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter
wherein the inductive control means is a saturable reactor
type device.
(1) Note. A saturable reactor is a reactor provided with a
control winding which is supplied with a direct current to
saturate the magnetic circuit of the reactor and thereby vary
its impedance.
(2) Note. The saturable reactor may be, for example, a
magnetic amplifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 249, 302, 310, and 329 for current and/or voltage
magnitude control systems where the control means is a
saturable transformer.
Subclass:
92
In plural phase to D.C. system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
wherein the A.C. input to the system is of more than one
phase and the output from the system is D.C.
Subclass:
93
With plural control windings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter
where the saturable reactor has more than one control
winding.
Subclass:
94
With electron tube or valve control means in the line
circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Subject matter
wherein the line circuit control means includes an electronic
tube.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for
definition of Electronic Tube.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
83 for this subject matter in a rectifier system having
plural sensing or control means.
99 for this subject matter in an inverter system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to electronic tubes of the vapor or gas
type.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for current or voltage magnitude
control systems where the current or voltage magnitude
control means includes an electronic tube.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube systems not otherwise
classified.
Subclass:
95
For inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter
wherein the system is a D.C. to A.C. converter.
Subclass:
96
With thyristor control means in the line circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
having a thyristor in the line circuit, the operation of
which is controlled by condition responsive means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
85 for this subject matter in a rectifier system.
Subclass:
97
With transistor control means in the line circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
having transistor control means in the line circuit, the
operation of which is controlled by condition responsive
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
80 for this subject matter with plural sensing or control
means.
89 for this subject matter in a rectifier system.
Subclass:
98
For bridge type inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Subject matter
wherein the conversion system includes a bridge configuration
type inverter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
58 for bridge configuration type inverters with automatic or
integral protection means.
Subclass:
99
With electron tube or valve control means in the line
circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
wherein the line circuit control means includes an electron
tube.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
83 for this subject matter in a rectifier system having
plural sensing or control means.
94 for this subject matter in a rectifier system.
Subclass:
100
With manual control of the output voltage or current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein control of the output voltage or current is effected
by hand operated means.
Subclass:
101
With auxiliary bucking or boosting EMF:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the system is provided with means to supply
additional voltage into the system which may either aid or
oppose the voltage of the system.
(1) Note. The additional voltage may be introduced into
either the converter supply line or the converter load line.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 77+ for systems in which a plurality of sources
of electric current are connected in series.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclasses 86+
for generator systems including motor generator systems,
wherein the field winding is supplied by plural sources of
excitation voltage.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 259 and 344 for bucking and/or boosting transformer
systems.
Subclass:
102
By dynamoelectric machine converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes a dynamoelectric machine.
(1) Note. See the Glossary for a definition of
Dynamoelectric Machine.
(2) Note. The dynamoelectric machine types commonly used as
current converters include motor-generator sets and rotary
converters.
(3) Note. Although systems involving motor-generator sets
are generally classified in Class 322, Electricity: Single
Generator Systems, in systems wherein there is significant
conversion from D.C. to A.C. or vice versa, classification is
in this class (363). However, the generic place for systems
involving motor-generator sets is in Class 322. See the
class definition, Lines With Other Classes, Motor Generator
Systems in Class 322, Electricity, Single Generator Systems.
(4) Note. Since many of the problems of operation and
control of dynamoelectric machine converters are analogous to
the problems of operation, and control of motors and
generators (e.g., starting speed control, excitation control,
etc.), it is noted that analogous pertinent art is classified
in the motor and generator classes. See search classes
below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for phase conversion systems of the dynamoelectric
type.
174 for frequency conversion systems of the dynamoelectric
type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 113
for the structure of a motor-generator set; subclasses 129+
for rotary converter structure; and subclass 160 for
frequency converters of the dynamoelectric type.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate
subclasses for electric motor system.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses for electric motor-driven generator systems; see
subclasses 14+ where the system includes means for
controlling both the motor and the generator; note
particularly subclass 16 for such systems having simultaneous
control of both motor and generator; see subclass 39 for
electric motor-driven generator systems having motor control;
and see subclasses 44+ for generator control; see (3) Note,
above, for the line between Classes 322 and 363.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201-204 for control systems having a
dynamoelectric machine as the control means.
Subclass:
103
Plural collector type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Subject matter
wherein the dynamoelectric machine is of the type which has
plural sets of current collectors.
(1) Note. The usual machine of this type is a rotary
converter which has a single field structure, a single
armature winding and the armature winding is provided both
with a commutator and slip rings, the direct current brushes
cooperate with the commutator and alternating current brushes
cooperating with the slip rings.
(2) Note. Closely analogous subject matter is found in
Class 323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems
wherein a dynamoelectric machine having plural sets of
brushes is used to control voltage magnitude. However, such
dynamoelectric machine (e.g., dynamotor) is not a converter
since the input and output electrical energy are the same in
kind (e.g., both D.C. or both A.C.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for phase conversion systems having a plural current
collector type dynamoelectric machine as the converter.
subclasses 174+ for frequency conversion systems having a
plural current collector type dynamoelectric machine as the
converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201-204 for current and voltage magnitude
control systems including a dynamoelectric machine having
plural sets of current collectors. See (2) Note above.
Subclass:
104
Having plural field windings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein the dynamoelectric machine is provided with plural
field windings.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 112+
for plural, structurally united dynamoelectric machines,
subclass 114 for plural rotary element dynamoelectric
machines operating in different fields, subclasses 134, 141,
142, and 149 for plural collector type dynamoelectric
machines having plural field windings, and subclasses 184+
for plural field winding structure.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate
subclasses for motor systems wherein the motor is provided
with plural field windings; particularly note, subclasses
523+ for miscellaneous motor systems wherein the motor is
provided with plural field windings.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclasses 63+
for plural field winding generator systems.
Subclass:
105
Having auxiliary motor drive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein the dynamoelectric machine is provided with an
additional driving means.
(1) Note. The subject matter of this subclass is analogous
in many ways to that of motor-generator set converters. A
plural set of current collectors converter is analogous to a
motor-generator set in that it may be considered to have a
motor part and a generator part. The addition of another
motor means results in an arrangement analogous to a
motor-generator set having two motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 9 for
systems wherein a generator is provided with plural driving
means. See (1) Note, above.
Subclass:
106
By circuit interrupter type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the converter is a circuit interrupter which is
operated synchronously with the A.C. current.
(1) Note. The circuit interrupter is a periodic switch.
The usual types of switches used in the systems of this
subclass are vibrating and rotary switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177 for frequency conversion systems having a current
interrupter type converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass
19.01 for the structure of periodic switches.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 96+ for systems having an intermittent
regulatory interrupter, and subclasses 112+ for miscellaneous
switching systems.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclasses 87+ for the structure
electromagnetically operated periodic switches.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses
139+ for relay and electromagnet systems.
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices, subclasses 101+
for X-Ray tube energizing circuits which may include circuit
interrupter type converters.
Subclass:
107
Rotating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
wherein the circuit interrupter is a rotary switch.
(1) Note. A rotary switch is a device wherein a rotary
contact member coacts with stationary contacts so that as the
rotary member rotates the circuit between each of the
stationary contacts and the rotary contact is made and broken
in a predetermined sequence.
(2) Note. A usual example of a rotary switch is a
commutator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass
19.03, 19.07+, 19.18+, and 36+ for the structure of rotary
switch structures.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 401 for such conversion
systems wherein the load device is an X-ray apparatus.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 233+
for the structure of commutators for dynamoelectric
machines.
Subclass:
108
Rectifier (i.e., A.C.-D.C.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter
wherein the converter is of the type which converts
alternating current into direct current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 114+ for rectifying systems having an electron
tube type converter.
subclasses 125+ for rectifying systems having a
semiconductor type converter.
Subclass:
109
Inverter (i.e., D.C.-A.C.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter
wherein the converter is of the type which converts direct
current into alternating current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 120+ for inverting systems having an electronic
tube type converter.
subclasses 123+ for inverting systems having a
semiconductor type converter.
Subclass:
110
Vibrating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
wherein the circuit interrupter is a device which has a
movable conducting member which moves between contacts for
converting either D.C. to A.C. or A.C. to D.C.
Subclass:
111
Using electronic tube converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes an electronic tube.
(1) Note. See the class definition, under Glossary, for the
definition of an electronic tube.
(2) Note. See Lines With Other Classes, Conversion Systems
Not Included in This Class, in the class definition of this
class for other conversion systems using electronic tubes
which are not included in this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
94 for current conversion systems wherein an electronic tube
is used for line circuit control.
151 for phase conversion systems including an electronic
tube converter.
subclasses 166+ for frequency conversion systems including
an electronic tube converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor
tube type. In these systems, the output circuit may be
claimed if it is claimed so broadly as to be in effect the
mere completion of the circuit so that a discharge may take
place. In many of the systems in Class 315, the electronic
tube is an asymmetrical discharge device and operates to pass
electric current in one direction only between the discharge
electrodes. Merely naming the device as a rectifier will not
exclude the patent from Class 315, unless some subject matter
is claimed which limits the system to the conversion art.
The subject matter of Class 315 is closely analogous to the
subject matter of this and the indented subclasses. See the
class definition, Lines With Other Classes, for a statement
of the line between Classes 315 and 363.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for control systems involving an
electronic tube.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube systems not otherwise
classified.
Subclass:
112
With gap in open atmosphere:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
wherein the electronic tube is of the type wherein the
electric space discharge takes place between electrodes which
are exposed to the atmosphere.
(1) Note. This type of electronic tube is usually called a
spark gap or an arc device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate
subclasses for the structure of spark gaps and open air arc
devices.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to electronic tubes of the type which have
the gap in the open atmosphere.
331, Oscillators, subclass 127 for oscillators using a
gaseous space discharge device of the spark or open arc type,
and which convert direct current to oscillatory current.
Subclass:
113
With cathode element control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
wherein the control of the electronic tube involves control
of the cathode element.
(1) Note. Control of the cathode-anode circuit is not
control of the cathode element.
(2) Note. A usual cathode element control is the control of
cathode temperature.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses
94+ for miscellaneous systems for supplying heating current
to the cathode or cathode heater of an electronic tube. The
systems in Class 315, subclasses 94+ may include the circuit
necessary to also supply the anode potential if the anode
supply is included in combination with the supply of the
cathode current. In such systems, the electronic tube may be
either a vacuum tube or a gas or vapor tube. However, if the
system includes the supply of control current or potential to
the discharge control means, then only the systems limited to
having an electronic tube of the gas or vapor type are
included, and such other systems will be found in Class 250,
Radiant Energy, or in one of the classes or subclasses
specified in the notes to the definition of that subclass.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube systems which include means for
controlling the cathode element. See the reference to Class
315, above.
Subclass:
114
In rectifier systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
wherein the conversion is from A.C. to D.C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 for electron tube rectifier used in A.C.-D.C.-A.C.
conversion systems.
subclasses 67+ for plural electron tube rectifiers for
single current conversion.
subclasses 81+ and 84+, for electron tube rectifying
systems with condition responsive means to control the output
voltage or current.
108 for circuit interrupter type rectifying systems.
113 for electronic tube rectifiers with cathode element
control.
subclasses 125+ for rectifying systems having semiconductor
type converter.
Subclass:
115
With retarding or delaying control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for delaying the operation of the
electronic tube converter until conditions are such that its
operation is safe, feasible, or desirable.
(1) Note. An example of such delay control is where the
application of cathode, anode voltage is delayed until the
cathode temperature has reached its operating value.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses
102+ for miscellaneous systems for supplying electric
current and/or potential to electronic tubes where the system
includes means to supply heating current to the cathode or
cathode heating circuit, and means for delaying the
application of anode potential until the cathode has reached
its operating potential. This subclass in Class 315 provides
for vacuum tube systems as well as gas or vapor tube systems,
provided that in the case of the vacuum tubes there is no
control of the discharge control (e.g., grid) circuit.
Systems which are not limited to having a gas or vapor type
electronic tube and which include the discharge control
circuit will be found in Class 327, Miscellaneous Active
Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems,
appropriate subclasses.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube systems having delayed or
retarded operation of the tube. See the reference to Class
315, above.
Subclass:
116
With discharge control means (e.g., grid):
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter
wherein the electronic tube converter is provided with a
discharge control means.
(1) Note. Examples of such discharge control means include
a grid, igniter, magnetic control device, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
94 for current conversion systems wherein an electronic tube
having discharge control means is used for line circuit
control.
subclasses 121+ for inverter systems including an
electronic tube converter which has a discharge control
means.
151 for phase conversion systems including an electronic
tube converter which has a discharge control means.
subclasses 166+ for frequency conversion systems including
an electronic tube converter which has a discharge control
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor
type which has a discharge control means (e.g., grid,
igniter, magnetic field). Many of the systems inherently
operate to convert A.C. to D.C. and many of the tubes are
referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore closely
analogous to the systems in this and the indented subclass.
Note, especially subclasses 137+ where the supply circuit
is a polyphase alternating current supply circuit; subclasses
194+ where the system includes means to shift the phase of
the current or potential applied to the discharge control
means with respect to the anode-cathode current to control
the tube; subclasses 248+ where the source of supply is
alternating current; indented subclass 252 providing for
those systems which include a plurality of discharge control
type electronic tubes; indented subclasses 261+ providing for
those systems where the discharge control means is an
auxiliary starting electrode (e.g., igniter); indented
subclass 267 providing for those systems where the discharge
control means is an electromagnetic means; and indented
subclasses 268+ providing for the miscellaneous alternating
current supplied discharge control tube systems. For the
line between Classes 315 and 363, see the class definition,
Lines With Other Classes.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube systems not otherwise
classified.
Subclass:
117
D.C. bias control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter
wherein the control of the electronic tube includes varying
the magnitude of a direct current or potential applied to the
discharge control means.
(1) Note. This subclass includes those systems wherein both
an A.C. component and a D.C. component are applied to the
control means and those systems wherein only a D.C. is
applied to the control means, provided that in each case the
actual control of the conductivity of the discharge device is
accomplished by varying the magnitude of the D.C. voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
116 for the miscellaneous systems having an electronic tube
converter with a discharge control means, where the
conductivity of the electronic tube is controlled by
controlling the time of application of a voltage but not the
magnitude of either the D.C. or A.C. applied to the discharge
control means. See the reference to subclass 118, below.
118 for the systems under subclass 116 where the phase of
the alternating current or potential applied to the discharge
control means is shifted with respect to the cathode-anode
current to control the electronic tube.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor
type which has a discharge control means, (e.g., grid,
igniter, magnetic field). Many of the systems inherently
operate to convert A.C. to D.C. and many of the tubes are
referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore closely
analogous to the systems in this subclass. subclasses
261-264, and 267 to 275 provide for the systems where the
tube is supplied with alternating current and where the tube
has a discharge control means which is controlled by
controlling the magnitude of the direct current and/or
potential is the control circuit. Subclasses 261+ provide
for those systems where the discharge control means is an
auxiliary starting electrode (e.g., igniter); subclass 267
provides for those systems where the discharge control means
is an electromagnetic means; and subclasses 268+ provide for
the miscellaneous alternating current supplied discharge
control tube systems. Note, indented subclass 270 where both
alternating and direct current and/or potential are supplied
to the control means. See indented subclass 272 where a
rectifier and/or discharge device is connected in the circuit
of discharge control means. For the line between Classes 315
and 321, see the class definition, Lines With Other Classes.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, particularly subclasses 530+ for
miscellaneous electron tube systems which include DC bias
control.
Subclass:
118
Phase angle control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter
wherein the control of the electronic tube is accomplished by
controlling the phase of an A.C. current or voltage applied
to the discharge control means with respect to the
cathode-anode voltage.
(1) Note. This subclass includes (1) systems wherein both
an A.C. current or voltage and a D.C. current or voltage are
applied to the discharge control means and (2) systems
wherein one or more A.C. currents or voltages are applied to
the discharge control means, provided that conductivity of
the electronic tube is controlled by varying the phase of the
A.C. voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for those systems wherein the conductivity of the
electronic tube is controlled by both varying the magnitude
of a D.C. or voltage applied to the discharge control means
and by controlling the phase of an A.C. or voltage applied to
the discharge control means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor
type which has a discharge control means, (e.g., grid,
igniter, magnetic field). Many of the systems inherently
operate to convert A.C. to D.C. and many of the tubes are
referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore closely
analogous to the systems in this and the indented subclass.
Note, especially subclasses 194+ where the supply circuit
is an alternating current supply circuit and the system
includes means to shift the phase of the current or potential
applied to the discharge control means with respect to the
anode-cathode current to control the tube, for the line
between Classes 315 and 363, see the class definition, Lines
With Other Classes.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 237, 300, and 320 for electronic tube voltage
magnitude control systems having phase control of the A.C. or
voltage applied to the discharge control device of the tube.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 231+ for miscellaneous
tube phase shift or control circuits.
Subclass:
119
Particular waveform grid excitation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter
wherein the control of the discharge control means involves
the application thereto of a voltage having a particular
waveform.
(1) Note. Particular waveform is defined as a waveform
significantly different from that of a sine wave.
(2) Note. Particular waveforms include square top waves,
saw tooth waves, peaked waves, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 106+ for miscellaneous wave shaping systems.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to an electronic tube of the gas or vapor
type which has a discharge control means (e.g., grid,
igniter, magnetic field). Many of the systems inherently
operate to convert A.C. to D.C. and many of the tubes are
referred to as rectifiers, and are therefore closely
analogous to the systems in this and the indented subclass.
subclasses 261-264 and 267 to 275 provide for the systems
where the tube is supplied with alternating current, and
where the tube has a discharge control means which is
controlled by applying current or voltage of a particular
waveform to the discharge control means. See subclasses 261+
for those systems where the discharge control means is an
auxiliary starting electrode (e.g., igniter). Note,
especially indented subclass 262 where a peaking transformer
is in the auxiliary starting electrode circuit; and subclass
263 where an inductance or surge generator is included in the
auxiliary electrode circuit. See subclass 267 for those
systems where the discharge control means is an
electromagnetic means. See subclasses 268+ for the
miscellaneous alternating current supplied discharge control
tube systems. Note especially indented subclass 274 where a
transformer such as a peaking transformer, is included in the
control circuit, and indented subclass 275 where a condenser
is included in the control circuit. For the line between
Classes 315 and 363, see the class definition, Lines With
Other Classes.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 100+ for miscellaneous
tube networks producing a waveform of particular shape.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 19 for
differentiating and integrating networks of the passive type,
and subclass 20 for wave shaping networks in general of the
passive type.
Subclass:
120
In inverter systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
wherein the conversion is from D.C. to A.C.
(1) Note. There are many conversion systems for converting
D.C. to A.C. in the communications arts, (e.g., oscillators,
harmonic generators, amplifiers, etc.). See the class
definition, Lines With Other Classes, for a list of
conversion systems excluded from this class, their
classification and the lines between them and the subject
matter of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 for circuit interrupter type inverter systems.
subclasses 29+ for electron tube inverter in D.C.-A.C.-D.C.
systems.
38 for electron tube inverter in A.C.-D.C.-A.C. systems.
subclasses 95+ for electron tube inverting systems with
means to control the output voltage or current.
subclasses 131+ and 135+, for transistor and thyristor type
inverter systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for systems for supplying electric
current to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor type. Many
of these systems inherently operative to convert D.C. to A.C.
and are closely analogous to the systems in this and the
indented subclass. Note especially subclasses 227+ where a
condenser is used to control the supply of current to the
electronic tube. In many of these systems the condenser
causes the current through the tube to flow periodically,
similar to the current flow in a relaxation oscillator
circuit. Note especially indented subclass 229 where the
system includes a plurality of tubes and a commutating
condenser is connected between the anodes or cathodes to
cause the tubes to become conductive alternately (converts
D.C. to A.C.). See subclass 235 where the electronic tube
has a plurality of cathodes or anodes with a commutating
condenser connected between the anodes or cathodes to cause
the discharge to alternate between the plural cathodes or
anodes (converts D.C. to A.C.). See the class definition,
Lines With Other Classes, for the line between Classes 315
and 363.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for self-sustaining
electric wave generating systems utilizing electronic tubes
which convert direct current to alternating current.
Subclass:
121
With discharge control means (e.g., grid):
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter
wherein the electronic tube converter has a discharge control
means.
(1) Note. Such control means may include a grid, igniter,
or magnetic control means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
116 for electronic tube rectifier systems wherein the
electronic tube has a discharge control means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor
type where the electronic tube has a discharge control means.
Many of these systems inherently operate to convert D.C. to
A.C. and are closely analogous to the systems in this and the
indented subclass. Note especially subclass 229 where the
system includes a plurality of tubes with discharge control
means a commutating condenser is connected between the anodes
or cathodes to cause the tubes to become conductive
alternately (converts D.C. to A.C.). See subclasses 233+,
236+, and 237+ where a condenser is connected in the supply
circuit of a gas or vapor tube having a discharge control
means, the condenser causing the current through the tube to
flow periodically similar to the current flow in a relaxation
oscillator circuit. See subclasses 233+ where the tube has
an auxiliary starting electrode (e.g., igniter) as the
control means; subclass 236 where the control means is a
magnetic means; and subclasses 237+ where the control means
is an electrostatic (e.g., grid) electrode. See subclass 235
where the electronic tube has a plurality of cathodes or
anodes and a discharge control means with a commutating
condenser connected between the anodes or cathodes to cause
the discharge to alternate between the plural cathodes or
anodes (converts D.C. to A.C.). See Lines With Other
Classes, in the class definition for the line between Classes
315 and 363.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 597 for miscellaneous tube
circuits with grid control means.
Subclass:
122
Grid-like electrode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter
wherein the discharge control means is of the type which
controls the flow of space current by controlling the space
charge between the cathode and the anode.
(1) Note. A common designation for this type of control
means is a grid. The grid is usually interposed in the
discharge path between the cathode and anode.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for electronic tube rectifier systems wherein the
electronic tube is provided with grid control means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
supplying current to electronic tubes of the gas or vapor
type which have a control grid. Many of these systems
inherently operate to convert D.C. to A.C. and are closely
analogous to the systems in this subclass. Note especially
subclass 229 where the system includes a plurality of tubes
with control grids and a commutating condenser connected
between the anodes or cathodes to cause the tubes to become
conductive alternately. See subclass 235 where the
electronic tube has a plurality of cathodes or anodes and a
control grid with a commutating condenser connected between
the anodes or cathodes to cause the discharge to alternate
between the plural cathodes or anodes (converts D.C. to
A.C.). See subclasses 237+ where a condenser is connected in
the supply circuit of a gas or vapor tube having a grid, the
condenser causing the current through the tube to flow
periodically similar to the current flow in a relaxation
oscillator circuit. See the class definition, See Lines With
Other Classes, for the line between Class 315 and Class 363.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 597+ for miscellaneous
tube circuits with grid control means.
Subclass:
123
Using semiconductor-type converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes a semiconductor device.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for the
definition of semiconductor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for combined phase and frequency conversion by
semiconductor device converter.
subclasses 15+ and 37, and appropriate subclasses for
semiconductor type converters for either D.C.-A.C.-D.C. or
A.C.-D.C.-A.C. conversion.
subclasses 53+ for semiconductor type rectifier systems
including automatic or integral protection means.
subclasses 56+ for semiconductor type inverter systems
including automatic or integral protection means.
subclasses 159+ for frequency conversion by semiconductor
converter.
Subclass:
124
In chopper converter systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter
which includes a device used to interrupt a D.C. or low
frequency A.C. source at regular intervals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 9.1 and 10.1 for chopper type amplifiers.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 240 for chopper type circuits
utilizing semiconductors.
Subclass:
125
In rectifier systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter
wherein the current conversion is from A.C. to D.C.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 for semiconductor rectifiers in A.C.-D.C.-A.C. conversion
systems.
48 for semiconductor rectifiers with low pass L or LC filter
means for reducing ripples from the output.
subclasses 53+ for semiconductor rectifiers including
automatic or integral protection means.
61 for semiconductor rectifiers with voltage multiplication
means.
subclasses 67+ for plural semiconductor rectifiers for
single current conversion.
77 for semiconductor rectifiers including integral sensing
and control means.
108 for circuit interrupter rectifier systems.
subclasses 114+ for electron tube rectifier systems.
Subclass:
126
Diode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device is a two-terminal device
which will conduct electricity more easily in one direction
than in the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 67+ for systems which rectify by diode strings
in series or in parallel.
Subclass:
127
Transistor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device includes a transistor type
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 131+ for transistor inverter systems.
Subclass:
128
Thyristor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device is of the thyristor type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
54 for thyristor rectifier systems including automatic or
integral protection means.
subclasses 67+ for systems which rectify by thyristor
strings in series or in parallel.
88 for full wave rectifier with at least 1 three electrode
device having thyristor control means in the line circuit.
subclasses 135+ for thyristor inverter systems.
subclasses 160+ for thyristor frequency conversion
systems.
Subclass:
129
Plural phase to D.C.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Subject matter
wherein the A.C. input to the rectifier is of more than one
phase.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for thyristor plural phase to D.C. converters in single
phase to plural phase to D.C. systems.
87 for plural phase to D.C. conversion with thyristor
control means in the line circuit.
92 for plural phase to D.C. conversion with saturable
reactor control means in the line circuit.
Subclass:
130
With magnetic control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Subject matter
wherein the thyristor type device is regulated by magnetic
means.
Subclass:
131
In transistor inverter systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device includes a transistor type
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 16+ for transistorized inverters in
D.C.-A.C.-D.C. conversion systems.
80 and 97+, for inverters with transistor control means in
the line circuit.
127 for transistor rectifier systems.
Subclass:
132
Bridge type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
wherein the inverter includes one or more transistors in a
bridge configuration.
(1) Note. A bridge configuration in this art is a four
terminal network with the supply being connected to two
terminals opposite each other, and the load connected to the
remaining terminals. One of the load terminals may be a
center tap of the supply.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 for transistorized bridge type inverters in
D.C.-A.C.-D.C. conversion systems.
98 for bridge type inverter with transistor control means in
the line circuit.
Subclass:
133
Double-ended (i.e., push-pull) type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
wherein the inverter includes two transistors which
alternately and periodically couple the source to opposite
terminals of a center-tapped primary winding of a power
transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 22+ and 24+, for transistorized double-ended
inverters in D.C.-A.C.-D.C. conversion systems.
Subclass:
134
Separately driven:
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter
in which an independent drive circuit controls both the on
and the off state of the transistors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 24+ for transistorized double-ended separately
driven inverters in D.C.-A.C.- D.C. conversion systems.
Subclass:
135
In thyristor inverter systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device includes a thyristor type
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 27+ for thyristor inverters in D.C.-A.C.- D.C.
conversion systems.
subclasses 57+ for thyristor inverters with automatic or
integral protection means.
96 for inverters with thyristor control means in the line
circuit.
subclasses 128+ for thyristor rectifier systems.
Subclass:
136
Bridge type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter
combined with a small box for containing Toilet Articles.
(1) Note. This subclass includes portable collapsible or
hand-carried cases as distinguished form the dressing table
furniture type of subclass 128 above. This subclass also
includes mirrored purses or bags.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 128+ for dressing table-type mirrored vanities
without a carrying handle.
subclasses 154+ for illuminated containers without a
mirror.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
132, Toilet, subclass 83 for a powder box and applicator
with a mirror.
Subclass:
137
D.C. to plural phase A.C.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Subject matter
wherein the conversion is from D.C. to plural phase A.C.
Subclass:
138
With commutation means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter
having means to alternately and repeatedly turn on or off
current flowing in one or more arms of the bridge inverter
circuit.
Subclass:
139
Double-ended (i.e., push-pull) type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter
wherein the inverter includes two thyristors which
alternately and periodically couple the source to opposite
terminals of a center-tapped primary winding of a power
transformer.
Subclass:
140
Using impedance-type converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes an impedance.
(1) Note. See the class definition, under Glossary, for a
definition of impedance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for voltage division by storage-type impedance.
156 for phase conversion by passive phase shift elements.
158 for frequency conversion by varactor-type devices.
Subclass:
141
With cooling means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for removing heat from the
conversion system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14 for current conversion systems operating at temperatures
near absolute zero.
Subclass:
142
With means to connect the input to diverse power sources:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
having means to optionally connect power sources of differing
electrical characteristics to the input of the converter
system.
Subclass:
143
110/220 Volts A.C. in constant 110 Volts D.C. out:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein the power sources are 110V A.C. and 220V A.C. and the
converter system output is 110V D.C.
Subclass:
144
With conductive support mounting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
having a structure which holds the converter means and which
is capable of transmitting electricity.
Subclass:
145
Adapted for use with alternators:
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Subject matter
wherein the conductive support is designed to be utilized
with an alternator.
Subclass:
146
Encased in plug housing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the converter system in enclosed within a structure
which has socket prongs or receptacles.
Subclass:
147
Integrated circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the conversion means is composed of a combination of
interconnected circuit elements inseparably associated on or
within a continuous substrate.
Subclass:
148
PHASE CONVERSION (0[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt] -
0[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]) WITHOUT INTERMEDIATE CONVERSION
TO D.C.:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein a system is provided which converts A.C.
having one number of phases into A.C. having a different
number of phases without intermediate conversion to D.C.
(1) Note. The output number of phases may be either greater
or less than the input number of phases.
(2) Note. This class does not take those systems wherein a
plurality of different single phase sources are combined to
produce a polyphase output or wherein one or more single
phase loads are connected to a polyphase source line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 2+ where the system includes means for effecting
phase conversion, and also a single current conversion.
subclasses 9+ where the system includes means for effecting
both phase and frequency conversions.
36 where the system includes means for effecting phase
conversion, and also plural current conversion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 13+ for plural load circuits connected to a
polyphase system; subclasses 43+ for systems interconnecting
a plurality of supply circuits; but particularly subclasses
72+ for supplies having unlike electrical characteristics;
and subclass 79 for current sources interconnected in series
but out of phase with each other.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 160
for dynamoelectric frequency converter structure.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclasses
138+ for electric systems for supplying alternating current
to an electric lamp or gas or vapor type electronic tube
where the system includes a phase converting means in the
supply circuit. Subclass 138 provides for those systems
where single phase current is converted to polyphase
current.
329, Demodulators, subclasses 315+ for frequency
demodulators and subclasses 345+ for phase demodulators.
331, Oscillators, subclass 45 for self-sustaining oscillator
systems provided with plural output circuits, each output
producing a wave of the same frequency, the waves being
displaced in phase by a fixed angle (other than phase
coincidence or phase opposition) so as to produce a polyphase
set of currents or voltages.
Subclass:
149
With automatic voltage magnitude or phase angle control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter
wherein the system is provided with automatic current or
voltage magnitude or automatic phase angle controls.
(1) Note. Phase angle control includes power factor
control.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 74+ for automatic current or voltage magnitude
control means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 212-303 for automatic phase and voltage
regulators.
Subclass:
150
By dynamoelectric machine converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes a dynamoelectric machine.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for a
definition of dynamoelectric machine.
(2) Note. The dynamoelectric machine types commonly used as
phase converters include motor-generator sets and practically
every kind of A.C. motor and generator.
(3) Note. Although systems involving motor-generator sets
are generally classified in Class 322, Electricity: Single
Generator Systems, systems involving significant phase
conversion are classified in this class (363). However, the
generic place for motor-generator set systems are in Class
323. See the class definition, See Lines With Other Classes,
Motor Generator Systems in Class 322, Electricity, Single
Generator Systems:.
(4) Note. Since many of the problems of operation and
control of dynamoelectric machine converters are analogous to
the problems of operation and control of motors and
generators (e.g., starting, speed control, excitation
control, etc.) it is noted that analogous pertinent art is
classified in the motor and generator classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 102+ for current conversion system having a
dynamoelectric machine converter.
subclasses 174+ for frequency conversion systems having a
dynamoelectric machine converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 10+
for miscellaneous dynamoelectric machine structures, and
subclass 161 for phase shifter dynamoelectric machines.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate
subclasses for electric motor systems.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses for electric generator systems; particularly
subclass 16 for motor-generator set systems having
simultaneous control of both motor and generator; subclass 39
for motor- generator set systems having motor control. See
(3) Note above.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201-204 for control systems involving
dynamoelectric machines.
Subclass:
151
By electron tube converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes an electronic tube.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary for a
definition of an electronic tube.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 111+ for current conversion systems having an
electronic tube converter.
subclasses 166+ for frequency conversion systems having an
electronic tube-type converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electron tube systems not otherwise
classified.
Subclass:
152
By induction-type converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter
wherein the conversion system includes an induction type
converter.
(1) Note. The usual induction type converter is a
transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 170+ for frequency conversion systems having an
induction type converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 215, 247, 301, 305, and 328 for control systems
involving a transformer.
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the
structure of electric transformers, per se.
Subclass:
153
Transformer type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Subject matter
wherein the induction type converter is a transformer.
Subclass:
154
Stationary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter
wherein the transformer has no moving parts.
Subclass:
155
With passive phase shift element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Subject matter
wherein the transformer converter system includes resistive,
capacitive, or inductive elements for phase shifting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
156 for phase conversion by passive phase shift elements.
Subclass:
156
By passive phase shift elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter
wherein the phase conversion means includes resistive,
capacitive, or inductive elements for phase shifting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
155 for stationary transformer phase conversion with passive
phase shift elements.
Subclass:
157
FREQUENCY CONVERSION (f[subscrpt]1[end
subscrpt]-f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]) WITHOUT INTERMEDIATE
CONVERSION TO D.C.:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein an input alternating current having a first
value of frequency is converted directly into an output
alternating current having a second value of frequency.
(1) Note. The output frequency may be either greater or
less than the input frequency.
(2) Note. See the classes referred to in the class
definition, under References To Other Classes, for analogous
conversion systems in the communication arts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for the systems wherein an alternating current of a first
frequency is converted to an alternating current of a second
frequency and then converted to direct current or vice versa
(e.g., f[subscrpt]1[end subscrpt]-f[subscrpt]2[end
subscrpt]-D.C. or D.C.-f[subscrpt]1[end
subscrpt]-f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]).
9 for those systems wherein an input alternating current
having a first frequency and a first number of phases is
converted into an output alternating current having a second
frequency and a second number of phases.
37 and 38, for the systems wherein an alternating current of
a first frequency is rectified and the resulting direct
current is derectified and converted into an alternating
current of a second frequency (e.g., f[subscrpt]1[end
subscrpt]-D.C.-f[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclasses 14+
for generator systems wherein the output frequency may be
controlled by combined control of generator and driving
means; subclasses 29+ for automatic control of generator or
driving means responsive to generator frequency; and
subclasses 38+ for systems wherein the output frequency may
be controlled by controlling the generator driving means.
329, Demodulators, subclasses 315+ for frequency
demodulators and subclasses 345+ for phase demodulators.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for oscillator
systems having an output frequency which is a beat frequency
or a function of a control frequency; see particularly
subclasses 37+ for beat frequency systems wherein two
sources of different frequencies are combined in a nonlinear
device to produce a difference (sometimes sum) frequency;
subclass 47 for plural oscillator systems wherein one
oscillator varies the frequency of another; subclass 51 for
cascaded oscillators of the frequency dividing type; subclass
53 for cascaded oscillators of the frequency multiplying
type; subclasses 76 and 77 for oscillators combined with a
particular harmonic producing or selecting network;
subclasses 128 and 165+ for shock-excited resonant systems;
and subclasses 145, 149, 153, and 172+ for oscillator systems
of the electrically pulsed type.
Subclass:
158
By varactor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter
wherein a two-terminal solid-state device which utilizes the
voltage variable capacitance of a PN junction is included in
the conversion systems.
(1) Note. A varactor is also called a varactor diode,
silicon capacitor, voltage-controlled capacitor, or
voltage-variable capacitor.
Subclass:
159
By semiconductor converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes a semiconductor device.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for the
definition of semiconductor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for combined phase and frequency conversion by
semiconductor device converter.
37 for systems wherein an A.C. of a first frequency is
rectified and the resulting D.C. is inverted into an A.C. of
a second frequency by semiconductor rectifying and inverting
means.
subclasses 123+ for current conversion by semiconductor
type conversion means.
Subclass:
160
Thyristor type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter
wherein the semiconductor device is of the thyristor type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors,
Solid-State Diodes), subclasses 107-181 for regenerative
type devices, including thyristors.
Subclass:
161
Positive and negative groups:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter
wherein thyristor type elements are combined in a circuit to
form at least two groups, one of which operates during the
positive half cycle of an A.C. input and the other during the
negative half cycle.
(1) Note. A group may consist of a number of thyristor type
elements connected in some well-known rectifier
configuration, the output current from a group being able to
flow in only one direction.
Subclass:
162
Including blanking or inhibiting means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Subject matter
including means for rendering noneffective a channel or
controlling device for a desired interval.
Subclass:
163
Transistor type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter
where the semiconductor device is of the transistor type.
Subclass:
164
With automatic voltage magnitude control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter
wherein the frequency conversion system includes cooperating
separate sensing and control means for regulating the
magnitude of the output voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for frequency conversion with automatic frequency
control.
Subclass:
165
With automatic frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter
wherein means responsive to a predetermined condition acts
upon the system to provide a control to maintain or vary the
output frequency of the system in response to that
condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
164 for frequency conversion with automatic voltage
magnitude control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclasses 17+
for miscellaneous generator systems having automatic control
of generator or driving means, which control may be control
of the output frequency.
331, Oscillators, subclasses 1+ for oscillation generation
systems with automatic frequency stabilization.
Subclass:
166
By electron tube converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes an electronic tube.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for a
definition of an electronic tube.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 for combined phase and frequency conversion by electron
tube converter.
38 for systems wherein an A.C. of a first frequency is
rectified and the resulting D.C. is inverted into an A.C. of
a second frequency by electron tube rectifying and inverting
means.
subclasses 111+ for current conversion systems having an
electronic tube type converter.
151 for phase conversion systems where the converter
includes an electronic tube.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, Music, subclasses 674+ for electronic tube musical tone
generators which may include frequency converters as
subcombinations thereof.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclasses 113+ for miscellaneous
repetition rate or frequency control or conversion.
329, Demodulators, particularly subclass 368 and 370 for an
electron discharge demodulator device in an amplitude
demodulator.
331, Oscillators, subclass 53 for cascaded oscillator
systems of the frequency multiplying type, and subclasses 76
and 77 for oscillators combined with output coupling networks
of the harmonic producing or selecting type. See the class
definition of this class, Lines With Other Classes and Within
This Class, for the line between Class 363 and Class 331,
subclasses 53, 76, 77, and Class 328.
Subclass:
167
With discharge control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter
wherein the electronic tube is provided with discharge
control means.
(1) Note. The discharge control means may include a grid,
igniter, magnetic element, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for current or voltage magnitude
control systems having an electronic tube as the control
means, wherein the electronic tube is provided with discharge
control means.
Subclass:
168
Including plural anodes and single cathode device (e.g. vapor
arc device):
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
wherein the electronic tube is a device having more than one
anode and only one cathode.
Subclass:
169
Thyratron type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
wherein the electronic tube is of the thyratron type.
Subclass:
170
By induction-type converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter
wherein the conversion system includes an induction-type
converter.
(1) Note. The usual induction-type converter is a
transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 152+ for phase conversion systems having an
induction converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the
structure of electric transformers, per se.
Subclass:
171
Transformer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
wherein the induction-type device is a transformer.
Subclass:
172
Saturable core:
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter
wherein the saturation state of the core of the induction
device is controlled to regulate its operation.
Subclass:
173
LC circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
wherein the induction-type converter includes an LC circuit
for regulating the frequency conversion.
Subclass:
174
Dynamoelectric machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
wherein the converter includes a dynamoelectric machine.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary, for a
definition of dynamoelectric machine.
(2) Note. Since many of the problems of operation and
control of dynamoelectric machine converters are analogous to
the problems of operation and control of motors and
generators (e.g., starting, speed control, excitation
control, etc.), it is noted that analogous pertinent art is
classified in the motor and generator classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 102+ for current conversion systems having a
dynamoelectric converter.
150 for phase conversion systems having a dynamoelectric
converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 10+
for miscellaneous dynamoelectric machine structure,
particularly, subclass 160 for frequency converter
structure.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, appropriate
subclasses for electric motor systems.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses for electric generator systems.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201-204 for control systems involving
dynamoelectric machines.
Subclass:
175
Motor generator type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter
wherein the dynamoelectric machine is of the motor generator
type.
(1) Note. In this arrangement the input frequency is
supplied to the motor and the output frequency is taken from
the generator.
(2) Note. Although systems involving motor-generator sets
are generally classified in Class 322, Electricity: Single
Generator Systems, systems involving significant frequency
conversion are classified in this class (363). However, the
generic place for systems involving motor-generator sets is
in Class 322. See the class definition, Lines With Other
Classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for current conversion systems which have a
motor-generator converter.
150 for phase conversion systems which have a
motor-generator converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 16 for
miscellaneous motor-generator set systems having simultaneous
control of both motor and generator; subclasses 17+ for
motor- generator set systems having automatic control of
either the motor or generator; subclass 39 for
motor-generator systems having motor control.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 202 for current or voltage magnitude control
systems involving balances sets (which are motor-generator
sets).
Subclass:
176
Including induction motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter
wherein the dynamoelectric machine is in the form of an
induction motor.
(1) Note. The dynamoelectric machine does not drive any
other device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for phase conversion systems wherein the converter is in
the form of an induction motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 166+
for induction motor structure.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 727+
for induction motor systems.
Subclass:
177
By circuit interrupter converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Subject matter
wherein the converter is a circuit interrupter.
(1) Note. The circuit interrupter is a periodic switch.
The usual types of switches used in the systems in this
subclass are vibratory and rotary switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 106+ for current conversion systems having a
circuit interrupter converter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass
19.01 for the structure of periodic switches.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 96+ for systems having intermittent regulatory
interruption thereof, and subclasses 112+ for miscellaneous
switching systems.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclasses 87+ for electromagnetically
operated periodic switches.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses
139+ for relay switching systems.
Subclass:
178
MISCELLANEOUS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter not provided for in any of the subclasses above.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000